Good Morning

Have a good day

How are you masculine
How are you feminine
Good evening
Good night
Good bye!! or Bye ! Bye !!
See you soon
Hearty wishes
Thank you
Are you masculine fine
Are you feminine fine
Is everything fine
Excuse me please
Yes
No
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 Okay
May you have long] healthy life
May success be yours
May victory be yours
Happy Birthday
Wish you a long and happy married life

Place:-
= here.
= where ( in which place
= there
= where
= somewhere else
= everywhere Manner:
= how, in what way] in what manner
= just as in the manner mentioned
= thus, in that way
Along with these, we should learn the following relative-correlative
correspondences:
= if
= then
= as long as
= so long, that long
= in another place often means in the next world
= also
2
= and now
= now, at this time
= soon.
= like
= here
= in olden times, formerly
= certainly indeed,
= again
= frequently diversely
= outside
= low down
= always, daily
= close by
= in the night, by night
= in the day by day
= truly indeed
= quickly speedily
= quickly
= slowly
= without except
= high loudly
= just now
= whence why
= from that] therefore
= since,
3
 = from this from here Time:
= when
= when( Repeated twice
it means whenever
= then
Besides the series the adverbial endings we saw above can be
added to noun and pronoun stems to form adverbs with the same gen-
eral meaning:
= otherwise
= every which way
= from another source
= from one side, on the one hand
= from all sides
= another time
= one time once
= else where
= in one place
= direct speech marker
= to add stress, to strengthen an idea
= in this manner
= where
= certainly, indeed
= indicates prohibition, and is used with the imperative.
= if
= without
4
 = with ccompanied by
= suddenly
= but, on the contrary, used for emphasis sometimes.
= towards
= useles meaningless
= over and over again
= slowly, faintly
= lower
= today.
Noun Form Classification shabdaruupa : In chapter 1 and 4
we learnt about noun forms- Each noun has 7 different cases in addi-
tion to a vocative case- The noun form is derived by adding special
suffix sup to the root of the word- All such words are also called
subantapada meaning "ending with sup "- In this chapter
we will learn about classification of nouns and their respective
sup suffixes.
In Sanskrit nouns are classified into different categories based on: their
gender an, ending alphabate- The ending alphabates can be a,
¼aa , i, ii ], u , uu , ree , , sh , t, in , , na ,
da and o etc. A word ending with a is called
akaaraantah or "ending with a". Similarly word ending with i is
called ikaaraantah or "ending with i", and so on.

5
 :

The noun form for each category of word is derived by adding

pre&defined pattern of sup suffixes to the word root- All other
words in that category follow the same pattern- For example & the
word "boy" or baala has a form like baalah baalau
baalaah and so on- The word "God" or deva is of the same
category and follows the same pattern as devah devau
devaah In both the cases the suffixes aH au and aah
were added to the root words boy baala and God deva to
get the derived form.
Following is a set of over 40 important nouns with their noun&forms
along with the list of words of same category- Knowing these will help
in deriving the noun forms of other similar words- Note: We are in the
process of adding more such nouns-
Their English Sanskrit equivalents could be roughly NOT precisely
written as below

= Cases, – Singular = Dual – Plular

Nominative/
Accusative/

6
 Instrumental/
Dative/
Ablative/
Genitive/
Locative/
Vocative/
Let us discuss about each and its terms of usage-
One Rama Two Ramas Many Ramas- It is simple
a noun given to a person- Consider few examples
He is rama He is a God
Now consider rama as an object- Let us see few more examples;
Here look at rama
Here look at two ramas
Here look at many ramas
by a rama.
by two ramas.
by many ramas
for/to a rama
for/ to two ramas.
for/to many ramas.
from a rama
from two ramas
from many ramas
of a rama
of two ramas
7
 of many ramas
in a rama
in two ramas
in many ramas
hey! rama.
hey! two ramas
hey! many ramas
God Rama.
Worship rama
We lives by rama
So, we salute to rama
And we get blessings from rama
We are the children of rama
So, We surrender to rama
Now say, hey Rama! hey Rama! hey Rama!
Similar Words

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Simplest way to start learning Sanskrit is to learn to make simple sen-
tences. Below are some simple sentences.
I go
We go
You Singular go
You plural go
He goes
She goes
It goes
They masculine go
They feminine go
They neuter) go
Following glossary in Table 2 is clear from the above
No- English Sanskrit What this is
I Pronoun – First person, singular
We Pronoun – First person, plural
You Singular Pronoun – Second person, singular
You plural Pronoun – Second person, plural
He Pronoun– Third person, masculine, singular
She Pronoun– Third person, feminine, singular
It Pronoun – Third person, neuter, singular
They masculine Pronoun – Third person, masculine, plural
They feminine Pronoun – Third person, feminine, plural
They neuter Pronoun – Third person, neuter, plural
29
 Present Tense
Past Tense imperfect
Past Tense Aorist
Past Tense Perfect
First Future
Second Future

Imperati
Potential
Benedective
Conditional
In Sanskrit verbs are classified into different categories based on:
the receiver of their result- If the result of the action represented by the
verb is for the doer (Subject˝) then it is (aatmanepadee) meaning
"for self"- All other verbs are (parasmaipadee) or "for others"-
The tip suffix used in these are different- Following table has the
tip suffixes, for both
pada & purusha
for others parasmaipadii . for self aatmanepadii
3rd Person tip tas jhi ta Aata jha

nd Person Sip thhas tha Thhaas Aathaam dhvam

1st Person mip vas ma iT vahi mahin

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Person purusha Number/ vachana
Singular Dual Plural
ekavachana dviivachana bahuvachana
Third prathama-
Second/ /madhyama-
First/ u/ttama

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Here are
some eЫamples of the use of the seven vibhaktis:
nominative case,subject
Rama goes home.
He reads a book
She plays in the park
In the above examples the underlined words are in the nominative case
ccusative case, direct object
I go to school
you read a book
He prostrates before Rama
She goes home In the
above examples the underlined words are in the accusative case
instrumentalcase
He writes with his left hand
I hear with my ears
I see with my eyes
you play with Rama
I walk with my legs
In the above examples the underlined words are in the instrumental
case
and are singular while and are dual since,
ears, eyes and legs are in pairs
52
 dative case
Prostration to Rama
He gives money to the poor
I give cooked rice to the beggar
You give fruit to Rama
Rama gives water to the thirsty
In the above examples the underlined words are in the
dative case- Note that in the third sentence is the direct object
and is the indirect object and
always take with them
Ablative case
I come from home
The student comes from school
there is fear from snake
fruit falls from the tree
it rains from the cloud
In the above examples the underlined words are in the ablative case.
possessive case
Sita is Rama*s wife
Krishna*s complexion is dark
The name of our school is

Shandipani Vidyalay
The age of this boy is five years
Where is your plural school?

53
In the above examples the underlined words are in the possessive case
Locative case
I live in the house
I do not live in the student hostel
He eats in the hotel
She does not eat in the office
The moon shines in the sky.
In the above examples the underlined words are in the locative case

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 English
What is your name? masc-
What is your name? fem-
What is your name
My name is Sankara Parvati
Who is this masc
Who is that\ masc
This is my friend Ramesa
He a my friend Ramesa
Who is this fem
Who is that fem
She is my friend 'Anuradha'
She is my friend 'Anuradha'
Meeting the friends
Good morning/afternoon/evening
Hello didn't see you for long
No, I have been moving about right
here
Hello, not to be seen for a long time
Hey, You haven't even written a let-
ter
You have forgotten us all, Haven't
you
83
How can I forget you
I didn't know your addres
you have become a big man
Is it you I couldn't recognise you
from a distance.
I remembered you yesterday
What made you come here
I have some work here
I am here as I have some urgent work
I have been waiting for you for a long
time
Could not get the bus, hence late
Come, let us go home
Now No time, you know
Shall we meet tomorrow evening
I'll come there without fail
Where do you work now
I work in a factory
I am a teacher in a village
Where are you put up
This is my addres
Bus has come, bye, bye
OK- Let us meet again
When shall we meet again
When are you going to meet me
again
84
Why didn't you come that day
We have already arrived
I have something to talk to you about
You have mistaken me
I very much expected you
No news from him for days
I have just received your letter
I will walk with you for some dis-
tance
Let us go together
Wait, let's have a by-two [cutting] cof-
fee.
Fine, let us have it
No time to stay
Write as soon as you reach there
Meet you again
I am ready any day
Convey my good wishes to them
Hey, why do you say so
Please wait for some time
Think about it, yourself
Where is the post office, here
How far is it
How far is the bank
Why so much of confusion
There is still time, isn't it
There should be some limit for ev-
85
erything
How much can I give him
When shall I expect
What are you going to do by sitting
at home
Could not recognize you
Hey, You have become very weak
Please do call on us
He pokes his nose everywhere
I am game for whatever you say
I said it in fun, You know
It is not your fault
No, no trouble/botheration
We live in a different home now.
Are you elder to me
Younger to me, is it
Are you married
No, still a bachelor
Where does your father work
He retired two years ago
He looks aged
Do all of you live together
No, we live separately
How old are you
How many brothers are you

86
We are eight
Are you the eldest
I have an elder brother
He is still a boy
How old is your younger sister
Neither give, nor take anything
Don't ask anyone except me
In that case the entire responsibility
is yours
He takes the initiative in everything
I will see you in your house
He is very orthodox
Wait till I come
Either of the two come
Have you informed him about the
news
He is closely related to him
You should not do this
Had he been here
Don't forget, please do come
How long will you be here
I have heard of this news
He escaped narrowly
He is going to come back to see you-
Isn't he
Why should I tell a lie

87
Of all the people are you going to say
this
Can you do this
You proceed, I have some work
You just worry unnecessarily
It was God's will- What shall we do
I told you one thing- You under-
stood it differently
I never expected that he lies so much
I did not do it purposely- It was just ac-
cidental
This fellow is a bugbear
I cannot agree with all you say
I cannot go
Don't escalate the matter
All these fellows take to their heels in the
face of danger-
Don't talk foolishly
You are the root cause of all these
He fell into his trap easily
It is a long time since we met
I cannot come now
Do you agree
Did you believe that
Is he trustworthy
Would you mind helping me a bit
88
 How quickly the time passed
You have come at the right time
I would have left if you were late by a
minute
Shall I come with you
Would you mind, lending me your bicycle
for a few minutes
I have to go somewhere now
You mind your busines
I'll be back in a short while
If you want it, I shall bring it
tomorow
I said no, but he doesn't listen to me.
There is no kin equivalent to knowl-
edge.
There is no friend equivalent to knowledge.
There is no wealth equivalent to knowledge.
There is no happiness equivalent to knowledge.

Guests
What would you like to have for a
drink
O-K- I will bring juice
Do you prefer coffee or tea
Have some rest, please
Do you have to leave right now

89
 Go after lunch
Stay for two days
I had sound sleep last night
I did not have even a wink of sleep
last night.
He has gone out, will be back in a few
minutes
Wish you a happy Deepavali
Wish you a happy New Year
Wish you a happy Sankranti/Pongal
Hearty greetings for a happy New
Year
Let the new year bring a new life
Wish you a very happy married life
Wish the couple a very happy-married
life
Hearty congratulations on your
succes
Wish the function a grand succes
May you live for one hundred years
Good bye (God be with you).

Officer Typist
Engineer Professor
Clerk lawyer
Salesman Lecturer
I work in a factory

90
in an office in a college
in a bank in a hospital
in a high school in a factory
Which class are you in
I am in Std-IX
Where are you from
I am from Gopini Villege.
How are you
How are you
Are all well at home
All is well
What news
You have to say
Anything special
Where are you coming from
I am coming from school/house
Where are you going
Let us see if it can be done
Understand
How was it
Agreed
How many do you want
Is it today
Is it going to be now
Please do come
91
Is it for that
Don't want that
Can't you see
Is it over
At what time
even then
It was not necessary
Be here for some more time
Remember, don't you
No, it is not so
How are you
Don't forget
besides
then
Is it only so much
Very happy about it
Is it not so
What does it mean
Yes, Dear, Sir
just
I am going to temple/office/market
What is the matter You are not seen
these days
I remember to have seen you some-
where.

92
 Have you come to the conversation-
camp?
In that case where have I seen you
I must have seen you there in that case
Let it be s0/so be it
I know it
Yes, that is right
A good suggestion indeed
A little
Why can't that be done
Leave it at that
Oh! Is that so
Is it like this
Then
No
Yes
Come in
Please sit down
Definitely no
Can that be so
Why
You have got it, haven't you

Domestic
Finished cooking
What cooked today
93
Have you had lunch
It seems someone has come to your
house
Nothing ewxcept soup
In our house every one has his/her dif-
ferent tastes
What have you cooked for breakfast
Today's cooking is really grand
Why dishes are not tasty today
Aren't they tasty] really
No salt at all
This curry has no salt at all
The rice is very hot
Serve the other dish a bit more
Get me some water, please
Get me a glass of water, please
Get me some dry curry
rice
Sambar
buttermilk
dry curry
soup
pickle
oil
Chutney
salt
94
ghee
Pappadam
Aren't they tasty \ Don't you like them
A bit too much of salt in it
Dear, why, only soup/Rasam every
day
Just soup today also
Dear, you have served a bit too much
Oh ! That is not much
Mummy, get me some pickles, please
Mummy, What time are you going to
serve-lunch/dinner today
Serve slowly, please
Today we have a grand meal
Don't drink too much water- You
will-catch a cold
You should have cooked dry curry
with this-vegetable
You have not served 'curd sambar' at
all
May I have a second helping with
'payasam '
Get ready, please, let us have meal
I have just had meals, thank you
I do not eat 'chapathis'
95
It would have been wonderful had
there been 'chapatis'
Why dear, you do not eat anything
A lot of stones in the rice
Shall I serve curd-rice
Don't you want buttermilk
Eat well, please- I will give a doll
What did you eat in their house
It is getting late, eat quickly
Not now, I will give it to you later
Eat at least a little curd&rice
What sweets have you prepared to-
day
It is too sweet
Mummy, I am hungry
I am very hungry
Have you finished eating\ It is getting
late for school
Have a nap after meals
Yes, I am going to serve in a minute
Take a little
No, thank you. It is too much for me
Dear, how long do you take to serve
Eat only what you can
Let us eat together

96
My goodness ! I haven't served ghee at
all
Shouldn't you have told me that
How long do you take, come quickly
Hasn't he come yet
Have you set the plates for meals
You haven't laid the table yet
Add some salt- It will be O-K
Wash the hand before you come for
meal
No, thank you, I have had enough
Please feel at home. Ask for anything you
want
No, I do not have any reservations
A little more
Mummy, get me some more
Who has asked for salt
The soup is tastier than the `sambar'
Speak one at a time, please
Eat without making too much noise
Who is first \ He or you
Dishes are getting colder
Lunch/Dinner is ready
Everything is ready. I have to season
the curry, that is all.
No vegetables, what can I do
97
 Mummy, you do not know how to
cook
How tasty was yesterday's dry curry
How many times did I tell you that
I don't like it
In that case you cook the food your-
self tomorrow
Taste this, please
Milk has become sour
Will you eat without comments
Chew the food well before you swal-
low it
Food is already served- Come
quickly
You haven't eaten anything
Serve again
Time
What is the time
A quarter past four
I must leave at 2
There is a bus at three
Will you meet at a quarter to six
I will be at home at half past five
My watch stoppped at 5 minutes to
10 o'clock
The Sanskrit news bulletin is at 6.10
98
 pm
It is a programme for two and a half
hours
What are you going to do there till
six o'clock
The school is from 10 o'clock, isn't
it
Still there is a lot of time
He does Yogasana from 6 A.M. to 7
A.M
My watch goes two minutes fast ev-
ery day
Come in time
Oh! it is 10 o'clock
Is yours the radio time
What is the exact time now
Why Ľare you˝ so late
Are you free now\ (Can you spare a
few minutes for me
What date is Sunday
Sunday is 24th
Which/What day is 15th?
When did your school begin
On 1st June
Which/What is your date of birth
Should be
Parents
99
Will you come back home a- bit early
today, dear?
Why? anything special?
Bring home some leafy vegetable, will
you?
Shall we invite them on Sunday
The girl was asking for something
Please bring it without fail
Why do you come late everyday?
What time will you be back today
I will leave the key with our
neighbours
Why are you calling me again and
again \
Everything is there- Look for them a
bit more carefully] please-
Any special arrangement for meals
Is there going to be some coffee for
us
No bath yet
It is you who said you did not want it.
You do not get anything when you need
it badly
Got your salary
We have to pay the milk-man today
They always quarrel

100
Why do you say so
You have to see first if it is there or not
I am going to my office

Look up the tailor on your way

Have you taken my pen
Daddy is in, be quiet
Read silently, please
Sister dear, will you teach me math-
ematics
My teacher has taught one just this
way
Where is your pen
Why did you take my umbrella
Why did you give it to him
Now you suffer on account of that
No, I am going to tell daddy
Doesn't read at all, just roams about
I know all your secrets
You read a lot]I know
I met your friend on the way
I met your friend
Did he say anything
You remember when your examina-
tion commences, don't you

101
Ramesh is calling ypou
Look, you have a running nose
Clean your nose, will you
You should have told me, I would have
done it
Write with your pen, not with a pencil
Wait, I will just change the shirt
This shirt is a bit too small
The other shirt is not so
Where had you been so long
I was just here
Nothing to read Don't you have any-
thing to read
Is there no one to keep you under
check
I told you a thousand times- Did you
listen to me
I have a lot of homework to do
I have to pay the fees right today
Which is the last date for payment of
fees
Have to pay it right today
What do we have to pay it today
Mummy, I would like to have a new
shirt
Govind] will you go to the shop to get
102
something
Mummy, twine my plait] it is
getting late for school
Do you know what time it is now
Why are you late
Please ask daddy to come here
Better do the work myself rather than
asking you to do it
You sit down a little later
You gave him four, only three to me
Have you eaten everything yourself
How often should I tell you about
that
You misplace it somewhere and come
and ask me
I will call you during meal time] off
you go no
Get me the newspaper from our
neighbour
I keep things in order and he throws
everything away
Mummy, stitch this up, please
Please, throw this away
Cut the vegetables, please
Tell me everything at one go
You are a good boy
Mummy, it pains me here
103
Sleep well, you will be all right
I'll make some concoction јmedicineЅ
at night
You may drink it and then sleep
Go and read now
What ! feeling sleepy so early
Mummy, ask them to read in separate
rooms
This much money is not enough
Please apply oil to my head
See, he is dozing
The child is crying
Have you swept the floor
Haven't you yet drawn designs in front
of the house
How often should I tell you
Where has he gone \ Isn't he at home
Don't answer back
Haven't you listened to what I told
you
Give me today's newspaper
He has arrived and this fellow has
started/departed
Spread the mat
Has the washerman taken the clothes
Spread the clothes for drying
104
Go to bed and sleep
Bring me a chair
Haven't you slept yet
see, who is making that noise
What is this \ It is dirty everywhere
Close the door, please
Hold it for some time
Don't butt in when I speak
Don't make noise, be quiet
Put on the lights, please
Put off the lights, please
Put on the fan, please
It is dark outside, take the torch with
you
Do it with some interest, please
Do it with your heart in it, please
Please see him on to the bus
Have a wash, please Wash your hands
and feet
Button your shirt, please
Don't read too much and spoil your
health
Don't do this again
Don't go on beating about the bush]
speak plainly
Brush your teeth well
105
You get angry and shout
unnecessarily
You are wasting time
Don't enrage me
Don't be arrogant
Why are you shouting
Dry your hair first
Don't put on wet clothes
Have your bath quickly
Is there water in the barrel
Put on the radio, please
Switch on to Vividhabharathi, please
Is the news over
Have you taken my pen
Daddy is in, be quiet
Read silently, please
Sister dear, will you teach me mathemat-
ics
My teacher has taught one just this
way
Where is your pen
Why did you take my umbrella
Why did you give it to him
Now you suffer on account of that
No, I am going to tell daddy
Doesn't read at all, just roams about
I know all your secrets
106
 You read a lot, I know
I met your friend on the way
I met your friend
Did he say anything
You remember when your examina-
tion-commences, don't you
Ramesh is calling ypou
Look, you have a running nose
Clean your nose, will you
You should have told me, I would have
done it
Write with your pen] not with a pen-
cil
Wait, I will just change the shirt
This shirt is a bit too small
The other shirt is not so

Finished your household work

Yes, finished for all practical purpose
Not seen for two or three days
I had been to my mother's house
Have you met Vimala recently
It is time he comes from the office
I have a lot of work to do myself.
Guests have come
sugar milk coffee powder
wheat flour beaten rice sieve
107
 What was your mother doing
I've had a lot of work since morning
Their daughter's marriage is fixed, I
think
The bridegroom is in a foreign coun-
try
What jewellery are they going to-give
the bride
Got kerosene
I heard] they are selling kerosene

Dress, jewellery
Is your saree new
No, it was brought last year
Still it appears to be new
I have one saree like this
I have bought a new saree
The border is very beautiful
Where did you buy this
I could not get a matching blouse for
this saree
The style of the bangles is really at-
tractive
This saree makes her look taller
Width is les
I would like to buy one
It is very good, isn't it
108
 This suits you well
How much did you pay?
Brother brought it from Bombay

Students
Studying in a college here
How is your preparation
Portions have not been completed
Mathematics is a head-ache to me
Studying very hard
Couldn't read much today
My handwriting is not good
Have you read this novel?
It is very interesting
I read it long ago
I'll return it early after reading
Got up a bit late today
I have left it at home
Today is a holiday, anyway
Who is your class teacher
Do we have to go in our uniforms to-
day
The bell went by the time I reached school
May I come in, sir
Are you going to take a special class,
sir
May I borrow your pen
109
 Would you kindly lend me your notes
Girish borrowed it yesterday
I did not attend the class that day
Come on, let's play
I have a lot to read, you know
Do you think I don't have anything to
read
Did you take your degree in the year
1980
I do not remember exactly
Wait, I know it
Let us do combined study from tomor-
row.
Teacher
What is your scale of pay
Now it is uniform everywhere, isn't
it
Have you seen the Principal's memo
orders
Oh! leave it- It is common
Got your increment
Have you seen the clerk
How to live in that case
I heard, there was a lot of noise
Read the newspaper rise in pay is
announced
110
When does it come into effect
Do you have classes now
Tell them, I am not going to take
classes today
Has the Principal come
How many holidays are there this
month
Is there a holiday, the day after
Is the question paper ready
How is the result this year
How did he manage to get such high
marks
Examiners' large heartednes
Examination is one thing, ability an-
other
Are you going for valuation
Where is valuation going to be
I am here in spite of being ill
The students of the present day
Hey, come here
See, if the mathematics teacher is there
After all they are students
You are studying well, aren't you
Ask if you have any doubts
Understand
Beg your pardon This means please re-
111
 peat
Haven't you worked out a single sum
At this rate how are you going to face
examination
Please call the peon
Has the bell gone
Please take the notes
Does not even one know the answer
Have you understood\ Come on- Re-
peat
Enough for today
Let us stop at the end of this paragraph
Read this well when you come tomor-
row
Do you read anything at home
Whaat is the noise there about
Where did we stop yesterday
EЫamination
Do you know when is the examination go-
ing to begin?
Have you taken the admission ticket?
The examination is postponed
Has the eЫamination time table
come?
How was the exam.?
The question paper was a bit tough
112
 It was very easy
I have passed in I clas
The result was announced yesterday
I missed I class by two marka
There was no choice at all
The result will be announced tomor-
row
Has Ramesh passed
He has told me that he has to com-
plete one paper yet
Don't remember what I have read, you
know
I read it ten times, even then I do not
remember
Most probably, I will pass in II clas
Everyone passed in our batch
What is the percentage

Office
How many days of leave are you tak-
ing
Of late the weight of work is unbear-
able
Put this up on the notice board
Sigh here, please
He is on leave
113
I will think about this again
See me next week
I'll tell you about it later
I'll certainly remember this
I have understood what you said
He is all in all here
Any phone calls for me
There was a phone call for you
Which post do you occupy in the of-
fice
He troubles me always
It is getting late
Come tomorrow, please
I remember, he came here
He was here till 5-00
Did you call me.
I will see to that arrangement
When does your office close
Remind me about this tomorrow
Ask him to come here
Why hasn't the work begun
He spends time criticizing othere
Tell me what I should do
What shall I do
Be it so, let us see
114
 Come, let's have a cup of coffee
Are you going to be back soon
Please, sit down
I'll get it done in five minutes
As you know, he is not here today
He may be back in a week's time
elephone
Hello
Is it the Pratishthana office?
Is it sir's house?
Is it 60004?
Who is speaking, please?
I am Krishna, speaking
Whom do you want to speak to?
Is Mr- Krishna at home?
Sorry, he is not at home
Would you kindly pass this on to Mr-
Krishna
Would you please call him
Yes, wait a minute, please
Who shall I say phoned him up
He may be back, tomorrow
O-K- I will ring him up again tomor-
row
What \ Hasn't he come yet
What is his phone number
115
 Will he be available at home
Not yet returned from Nyauli
Certainly I will inform him
Shall I put down the phone Shall I
hang up
Speak louder, please

Weather
The wind is still
It rained for the whole night
Very hot indeed
You have perspired all over
It has been raining like this since morn-
ing
Is it going to rain todays.
What sultry weather, you know
It is very cold indeed
Heavy rain
I am frightened only of the rain
The cold is increasing day by day
Too much rain/It is raining cats and
dogs
Too much of wind/Too windy
Nice breeze here
It is very hot, isn't it
It is a bit colder today

116
 Have you had rains in your place
No sign of rain anywhere

Health
I am not well
Terrible leg pain
Generally I get headache now and then
Feel a little feverish
Consult a doctor
I feel like vomitting
Get a doctor's advice
Why is there the blocking of the
throat
I am very tired
How is his health
A bit better today
Slight head-ache since morning
Somehow, my health is not good
When did you see the doctor last?
Don't feel active, you know
He was all right yesterday
Shall I have my meals today?
How is the fever today?
As usual
You get stomach&ache now and then,
don't you?
Fever? Since when?
117
 Oh! Blood is coming out

It is a miracle, he survived the acci-

dent
He is admitted to the hospital
I feel giddy
Commerce
How many a rupee?
25 paise each, please
Five per rupee
Give me good butter, please
The book is out of stock
Don't you have this book?
The rice is not good
The amount is short by 10 paise
Please settle my account
How is your business
He is very expensive, let us not go to
him
Please give me the bill/receipt
Is it Rs-20 \ Then I don't want it
I wanted it, but you quote a very
high price
I am selling it at a lower price to you
Please enquire at the next shop
You can't get it cheaper anywhere else
118
 Please take Rs-51
No, no haggling, please
Where did you buy this cloth?
You paid more
How much does this soap cost?
Have got toothpaste?
Please wait, I'll give you
How much shall I give you?
Not now, I will come later
Is it good

Film
How often do you go to films in a
month
Twice or three times?
It was house-full
There was a lot of rush
couldn't you get a ticket
How was the film
I just saw that it is tax-free
Who is the director
In that case it should be good
The dialogue/story is good
I am seeing it for the second time
Not a single film is good
119
 I saw it the day before yesterday
Just bogus, terribly boring
Why should you see it then
I must see it once myself
Did you all go together
Just waste of money

On Arrival
When did you come?
Did you come this morning
How was the journey?
How were all the arrangements dur-
ing the tour
How many days
Did you go alone
A Why alone? I went with my family
I stayed there for three days
There was an accident on the road
No one was seriously injured?
Only so much luggage?
Very tired] you know
Why rickshaw
Let's go by bus
By bus
In a rickshaw

120
 By luŪury bus
On foot
By semi-luŰury bus
talking
Who waits for
Let's go by rickshaw only
Why waste money unnecessarily?
I have been waiting for long
When did you start
Have you visited Kashi and
Rameshvar
Do you know how nice it is
Fantastic

Journey
Where shall I buy a ticket
Come quickly, the bus is about to start
A bus left just a few minutes ago
I'll sit beside you

Terrible rush
Give me the change
Go forward
What time does it start
Get off quickly
Is the next station ours
121
Which bus Route No goes to
Malleswaram
Which bus goes to Jayanagar
No signboard, nothing
Hey, walk on the footpath
Which is the way to Malleswaram
Is it very far
Could you possibly tell me where this
address/place is
It is just ten minutes walk from here
Missed the bus
It is still half an hour before the bus
starts
The bus arrives at 10 0'clock
There is a bus at 5 0'clock
Bus has already arrived at the platform
No reservation, please
Go just along this road
It will be somewhere here-Let us
search for it
It is there./It might be there
I don't know, ask someone else, please
If you do not walk faster] you will miss
the bus
Where does this path lead to
Have you reserved your seat
122
 You have taken everything, haven't
you?
Please take your hold-all
the bag this the ticket
the air bag the suitcase
the vanity bag
Be careful with your money

123
Such a long time to come here from
there?
Not a single bus has come
Has Route 60 bus gone
I have just arrived
What a road

124
125
 +
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

126
 +
+
tumun pratyaya Sense Of Wish
+ The boy goes to school to read
+ Father wants to go to village
+ The girl went to school to study
+ Mother wants to cook
+ He goes to city to work
+ The teacher wants to teach
+ I went to hotel to drink milk
+ You go to market to buy the
book
+ Both the boys want to play
+ Both the girls want to dance.
+ Both of us went to school to ask
questions
+ Both of you want to go to
school
+ The girls want to sing
+ Farmers went to plaugh
+ It is time to read
+ It is time to eat
+ Worshippers will come to pray
tomorrow
+ Workers will come to work to-
morrow
127
 /ktvaach pratyay Tense Of Preceeding Action
+
The boy wants to read after playing.
+
Father went to office after eating
+
The worker sleeps after working.
+
Mother wants to cook after taking bath.
+
The teacher asked question after teaching.
+
The girl slept after reading.
+
I drink water after eating.
+
You give answer after reading the book.
+
Both the girls dance after singing.
+
Both the boys play after going home.
+
Both of us read the letter after writing.
+
Both of you write the essay after referring the book.
128
 +
Farmers water the land after plaughing.
+
The girls want to sing after worshiping.
+
Workers will take wages after working.
+
Worshippers come to pray after taking bath.
+
The boy went to school without reading.
+
The worker went without doing the work.
+ +
The jackal fall in the water tank after entering the washerman's house.
+ +
You give the book after bringing from home.
lyap pratyaya Sense Of Preceeding Action
The boy slept after coming from school
+ +
The teacher taught after reading the book
+ +
The girl wants to play after worshiping
+ +
I asked the question after reading the book
+ +
129
You write the letter after bringing the pen
+ +
Both the boys play after coming home
+ +
Both the girls sing referring the book
+ +
Both of us worshipped after entering the temple
+ +
Both of you write the essay after reading the book
+ +
The girls stitched the garland after collecting flowers
+ +
Students spoak after going near the teacher
+ +
lyuT pratyaya Verb As Object
The boy will go +
She will sleep +
Both of them will run +
They will donate rice +
I will read the book +
Both of us will listen +
We will remember the subject +
You will go to office +
Both of you will read +

130
All of you will see the temple +
You should not speak like this +
Roaming in the evening is good +

I went to temple +
You went to school +
He went to office +
The boy went home +
Both of us went +
Both of you went +
Both of them went +

All of us went +
All of you went +
All of them went +
The girl went to temple +
Both the girls went to school +
All the girls went home +
The boy went to market +
Both the boys went to school +
All the boys went home +
The vehicle went +
Both the vehicles went +
All the vehicles went +
The boy who has read +

131
 Of the person who is going +
To the boy who has written +
The girl who spoke +
The leaves which have fallen from tree
+

/Kta pratyaya Past Tense

The school was gone by Rama.
+
The answers were written by the students
+
The girl was asked by the teacher

The fruit was eaten by him

+
The two books were read by you
+
The book was read by both of you
+
The fruits were eaten by all of you
+
The village was gone by me
+
The game was played by both of us
+

132
The books were read by us
+
Gone by Rama +
Laughed by girls +
Written by you +
Done by me +
Played by us +
I took money +
Both of us gave him +
We read the book +
You took the book +
Both of you saw the moon +
All of you drank water +
He went home +
Both of them went to school +
They ate rice +
Rama stayed in forest +
The girl laughed loudly +

Both the girls sat on the seat +

The girls were watching movie +
The vehicle went +
Two fruits fall from the tree +
The books were in the box
+

133
 The given book +
The written poem +
The bought book +
The fallen leaves +
The eaten food +

134
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136
137
138
 + + + +

139
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