Need for safety.

Importance of Industrial Safety:

 Millions of accidents annually causing production

loss: Equivalent to millions of man-hours and machine-hours.
 Loss due to injuries and assistance: Permanent/temporary
disability impacts individual and fellow workers.
 Alarming impact of fatalities: Makes safety a top priority.
Controlling Industrial Accidents:

 Identify and analyze accident causes.

 Multidisciplinary approach: Industrial
engineering, psychology, sociology, medicine.
 Steps to eliminate unsafe environment:
 Eliminate hazardous causes if possible.
 Implement guards and enclosures if elimination not feasible.
Importance of Safety Beyond Cost:

 Direct costs: Accident itself, damage, downtime, compensation.

 Indirect costs: Fear, lost time, legal issues, operational
inefficiencies.
 Benefits of safety measures:
 Moral responsibility towards workers.
 Protection of health and well-being.
 Positive company culture.
 Accident and incident prevention.
 Organizational development and growth.
 Continuous improvement.

Safety and productivity

Safety vs. Productivity:

 Safety is key: Protects people, machines, and processes for

sustainable business.
1
 Best performers prove it: Higher uptime, less downtime, lower
injury rates.
 New standards emerge: Integrated solutions optimize productivity.
 Safety fuels productivity: Minimize downtime, maximize output.
 Employee safety matters: Prioritize safety for high productivity.
 Unsafe workplaces hinder: Lowers productivity, morale, and
performance.
 Productivity defined: Work accomplished per period.
 Engagement boosts output: Engaged employees drive
productivity.
 Measure productivity: Compare input and output.
 Benefits of high productivity:
 Increased performance: More output, motivation.
 Improved engagement: Happy, involved employees.
 Greater fulfillment: Purpose, achievement for company and
employees.
 Healthy work culture: Well-being, teamwork, success.
 Better revenue generation: Profitability, growth.
 Safety = Productivity Booster: A safe environment leads to better
performance.
 Remove hazards, improve safety: Physical and psychological well-
being are crucial.
 Streamline workflows: Eliminate redundancies for efficient work.
 Safe & minimal hazard = more productive & profitable: Win-win
for everyone.
 Reduced Downtime: Reliable infrastructure, equipment, and healthy
employees minimize work losses.
 Engaged Employees: Safety culture boosts productivity (Lockheed
Martin study: +24% increase in prod).
 Safety Education: Online training, seminars, and resources are
vital.
 Safe Work Practices: Specific instructions and procedures mitigate
hazards.

2
 Happier & Engaged Workers: Safe conditions = less stress, more
focus, higher productivity.
 Two Sides of the Coin: Safety and productivity work together.
 SafetyLine Benefit: Reduces effort, improves health & safety, and
boosts efficiency.

Accident

 Unintentional events: Accidents happen unexpectedly, often with

harmful consequences.
 Workplace focused: Occurring in the work environment, with
potential for injury, illness, or property damage.
 Varied terminology: Occupational, work-related, injury, death - all
linked to workplace harm.
 No universal definition: Criteria for classifying accidents differ
across regions and sectors.
 Significant economic impact: Direct costs (damage, lost work) and
indirect costs (morale, productivity).
 Business liability: Compensation, fines, and insurance increases
possible for responsible businesses.
 Beyond actual harm: "Near misses" highlight potential dangers
even without injury.
 Undesired circumstances: Situations, conditions, or acts with
potential for accidents.
 Human factors: Unsafe behavior, inattention, negligence, lack of
training, fatigue, and illness can contribute.
 Environmental factors: Unsafe conditions, poor design, inadequate
controls, and even weather play a role.

3
 Injury

An injury is an abnormal condition or disorder that can arise from a

variety of causes, resulting in physical or mental harm. It's different
from chronic conditions, psychological trauma, infections, or medical
procedures, although injury can contribute to any of these.

Here are some key points about injuries:

 Types: Injuries can include cuts, fractures, sprains, amputations,

skin diseases, respiratory disorders, poisoning, and more.
 Definition: "Injury" legally refers to mental or physical harm caused
by accident or disease, including damage to artificial limbs, dental
appliances, teeth, hearing aids, and eyeglasses (if caused by an
accident resulting in compensable personal injury).
 Causes: Injuries can be intentional or unintentional, caused
by physical stress, trauma, burning, toxins, asphyxiation, or
overexertion.
 Classification: Several major health organizations have established
systems to classify and describe injuries based on their
severity, location, and cause.
 Symptoms: Different injuries present with varying
symptoms depending on the affected body part and the nature of the
injury.
 Treatment: Treatment for injuries typically involves medical
professionals and varies greatly depending on the specific injury.

unsafe act

Definition:

 Violation of safe procedures, increasing accident risk.

 People breaking safe practices lead to accidents.
 80% of on-duty injuries caused by unsafe acts.

Examples:

 Speeding with machines.

 Working without authorization (confined spaces).
4
 Adjusting moving machinery while running.
 Taking unnecessary risks (running in front of vehicles).
 Not wearing PPE for specific tasks.
 Performing inappropriate actions with specific equipment.
 Failure to warn, secure loads, or follow safety protocols.
 Making safety devices inoperable or using defective equipment.
 Improper lifting, servicing equipment in operation, horseplay, and
rule violations.

Prevention:

 Plan safe task execution before starting.

 Warn others of hazards (mopping floors, spills, damaged
equipment).
 Follow work rules and procedures.
 Don't operate equipment without training.
 Avoid rushing or taking shortcuts.
 Use equipment properly and for intended purposes.
 Employ proper lifting techniques or seek assistance.
 Wear appropriate PPE.
 Stop and mentor employees practicing unsafe acts.
 Supervisors must actively monitor for unsafe acts.

Unsafe Condition

Definition:

 Hazardous physical circumstances increasing accident risk.

 Work environments prone to accidents due to flaws or hazards.
 Attributed to 20% of on-duty injuries, often correctable at low cost.
 Primary focus in accident reduction programs.

Examples:

 Inadequate or missing machine guards.

 Defective tools, equipment, or materials.
 Poor workplace layout with overcrowding and congestion.

5
  Substandard housekeeping (e.g., overflowing bins, cluttered
aisles).
 Excessive noise levels hindering communication.
 Insufficient lighting or ventilation impacting visibility and breathing.
 Lack of or inadequate PPE for specific tasks.

Prevention:

 Plan safe task execution and ensure adequate equipment and

tools.
 Inspect equipment, tools, and materials before use, ensuring good
condition and suitability for the task.
 Verify sufficient space for safe task completion.
 Report any identified unsafe conditions immediately to your
supervisor for correction.
 Don't ignore known hazards to avoid potential injury.

Dangerous occurrence

 Unintended events with potential for harm: Not necessarily causing

immediate injury, but posing significant risk.
 Reportable even without injuries: Requires notification to relevant
authorities.
 Examples of triggering incidents:
o Failures or malfunctions with:
 Lifting equipment
 Pressure systems
 Overhead electric lines
 Electrical systems (leading to explosions/fires)
o Unintentional releases of:
 Explosives
 Biological agents
 Radiation
o Equipment malfunctions in:
6
  Breathing apparatus
 Diving operations
o Structural failures:
 Scaffolding collapse
o Transport incidents:
 Train collisions
o Infrastructure issues:
 Well failures
 Pipeline damage or failures

Theories of accident causation

1. Domino Theory (Heinrich): Accidents result from a chain of

events, like falling dominoes, with unsafe acts as the first domino.
2. Human Factors Theory: Focuses on human limitations and
errors (inattention, fatigue, lack of training) contributing to
accidents.
3. Accident/Incident Theory: Emphasizes the sequence of events
leading to an accident, including unsafe acts, conditions, and
immediate causes.
4. Epidemiological Theory: Explores patterns of accidents across
populations to identify common factors and predict future
occurrences.
5. Systems Theory: Views accidents as a result of failures within
the entire system, including technical, organizational, and social
factors.
6. Energy Release Theory (Haddon): Accidents occur when energy
transfers to a person or object in a way that exceeds their
tolerance.
7. Combination Theory: Recognizes that accidents rarely have a
single cause, but involve a combination of contributing factors
from various theories.
8. Behaviour Theory: Analyzes how individual beliefs, attitudes,
and behaviours influence actions leading to accidents.

Overall:
7
 Multiple theories exist, each providing valuable insights into
accident causation.
 Accident theories guide safety investigations, defining the scope
and direction of investigation.
 Understanding these theories helps prevent future accidents by
addressing underlying causes.

Heinrich's Domino Theory

Dominos and Accidents:

 An "accident" is just one event in a chain leading to injury.

 Imagine dominoes standing: when one falls, the whole chain falls.
 Each factor depends on the one before it.

Causes of Accidents:

 88% caused by unsafe acts of fellow workers.

 10% caused by unsafe conditions.
 2% unavoidable.

Heinrich's Axioms:

 Series of factors lead to injuries.

 Accidents result from hazards or unsafe acts.
 Most accidents from unsafe behavior.
 Understanding unsafe acts guides corrections.
 Managing safety is a key responsibility.
 Supervisors crucial for accident prevention.
 Accidents have direct and indirect costs.

Five Dominoes:

1. Ancestry and social environment.

2. Faults of person (unsafe behavior).
3. Unsafe act or mechanical/physical hazard.
4. Accident (e.g., falling, getting hit).
5. Injury (e.g., lacerations, fractures).

8
Core Points:

 Injuries from preceding factors.

 Remove unsafe acts/hazards to prev
prevent accidents.

Remember:

 Heinrich's theory focused on unsafe acts.

 Modern theories consider broader systemic factors.
 It remains a valuable historical perspective on accident causation.

Human Factors Theory

Focus:

Accidents from a chain of events ultimately caused by human

error.

Main factors:

1. Overload: imbalance between person's capacity (skills, state) and

the load (tasks, environment, internal/situational factors).

 Capacity affected by training, fatigue, stress, physical condition.

 Load includes tasks, distractions, personal issues, risk levels.
 State includes motivation and arousal levels.

2. Inappropriate Response/Incompatibility:

9
 Failing to address hazards, removing safeguards, ignoring
procedures.
 Workstation design affecting force, reach, comfort, leading to
errors.

3. Inappropriate Activities:

 Performing tasks without knowledge or skills.

 Misjudging risks and proceeding despite danger.

Overall:

 Human error, influenced by these factors, contributes to accident

chains.
 Understanding these factors helps design safer systems and train
employees effectively.

Remember:

 Human factors are one piece of the accident causation puzzle.

 Addressing these factors, alongside other systems and conditions,
is crucial for accident prevention.

10
Accident/Incident Theory

Building on Human Factors:

 Extends the human factors theory with additional elements.

 Retains the focus on human error leading to accidents.

New Factors:

 Ergonomic traps: Design flaws contributing to errors (awkward

postures, fatigue).
 Decision to err: Conscious or unconscious choice to engage in
unsafe behavior.
 Systems failures: Management decisions contributing to unsafe
conditions.

Decision to Err:

 Driven by pressure (deadlines, peers, budget) or the "Won't

happen to me" attitude.
 Can be conscious or unconscious.

Systems Failures:

 Link management decisions/behavior to accident risk.

 Highlight management's role in accident prevention and workplace
safety.

Examples of Systems Failures:

 No comprehensive safety policy.

 Unclear safety roles and responsibilities.
 Ignoring or neglecting safety procedures.
 Inadequate employee orientation and training.
11
Overall:

 This theory expands beyond individual human error to consider

broader systemic factors in accidents.
 Understanding these factors helps prevent accidents by
addressing both individual behavior and systems design.

Remember:

 Accident/incident theory offers a more comprehensive view of

accident causation.
 Addressing both individual errors and systemic failures is crucial
for effective accident prevention.

12
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL THEORY OF ACCIDENT CAUSATION

 focus on industrial hygiene (environmental health).

 Concerns factors causing sickness, disease, or impaired health.

Epidemiology in Play:

 Epidemiology studies connections between environmental factors

and disease.
 This theory suggests using similar methods to study
environmental factors and accidents/diseases.

Core Components:

 Predispositional characteristics: Individual attributes influencing

susceptibility (e.g., age, health, training).
 Situational characteristics: Environmental factors impacting risk
(e.g., noise, pressure, task complexity).

Interaction for Risks:

 Combination of predispositions and situational factors determines

accident/disease potential.
 Example: Peer pressure (situational) on susceptible worker
(predisposition) increases accident risk.

Overall:

 This theory recognizes the influence of environmental factors on

accidents and health.
 Studying these interactions helps identify and address risks
beyond individual errors.

Remember:

13
 Epidemiological theory provides a wider lens for accident
prevention.
 Understanding both individual and environmental factors is crucial
for comprehensive risk management.

SYSTEMS THEORY OF ACCIDENT CAUSATION

Concept:

 Accidents occur within a system made up of person, machine, and

environment.
 Interactions between these components determine accident
likelihood.
 Changes in interactions can increase or decrease risk.

Example:

 Inexperienced worker replacing trained person increases accident

risk.
 Subtle changes may require expert analysis.

Components:
14
 Person/machine/environment, information, decisions, risks, task.
 Each element impacts accident probability.

Information and Decisions:

 Information gathering and risk assessment before task execution.

 Example: Weighing risks of bypassing a malfunctioning safety
device.

Stressors:

 Hectic environment and pressure can cloud judgment, increasing

risk.
 Consider stressors before information gathering, risk
assessment, and decision-making.

Factors for Proper Perspective:

 Job requirements, worker abilities, gains/losses of task

success/failure.
 Important when stressors might impair judgment.

Overall:

 Systems theory views accidents within a complex network of

interacting factors.
 Understanding these interactions helps implement effective
accident prevention strategies.

Remember:

 Consider both individual and systemic factors to mitigate accident

risks.
 Maintain awareness of potential stressors that can compromise
decision-making.

15
COMBINATION THEORY OF ACCIDENT CAUSATION

Beyond Single Models:

 No single theory perfectly explains all accidents.

 Different models may apply better to specific situations.

Cause Complexity:

 Accidents rarely have one simple cause.

 They often involve a combination of factors from various models.

Theory Application:

 Use models as appropriate for prevention and investigation.

 Avoid forcing one model onto every accident situation.

Flexibility and Understanding:

 Recognize the limitations of each model.

 Consider multiple factors and their interactions to best understand
accident causes.

16
Overall:

 The combination theory encourages a broader, more holistic

approach to accident causation.
 By considering various models and their interplay, we can
develop more effective safety measures and prevent future
accidents.

BEHAVIORAL THEORY OF ACCIDENT CAUSATION

 Focus: Employee behavior affecting safety (Behavior-Based

Safety, BBS).
 Proponents: E. Scott Geller (psychologist & safety expert).
 Application: Psychological principles for safer workplaces.

7 Basic Principles:

1. Behavior focus: Interventions target employee actions.

2. Identify influencing factors: External factors shaping safety
behavior.
3. Direct behavior and motivation: Antecedents & consequences
influencing desired behavior (positive, incentivized).
4. Positive reinforcement: Emphasize positive outcomes of safe
behavior.
5. Scientific method: Evidence-based interventions for behavior
change.
6. Theory as guide: Use theory to inform, not restrict, safety
strategies.
7. Individualized interventions: Consider employee feelings and
attitudes.

Overall:

 BBS focuses on influencing employee behavior for safer

workplaces.
 Principles guide interventions based on psychological insights.
 Critics caution against oversimplification and ignoring systemic
factors.

17
Remember:

 BBS is one approach to accident prevention, alongside other

theories.
 Combining insights from various theories can contribute to a
comprehensive safety strategy.

Safety organization

Structure and Process:

 Divides employees into sections with specific safety functions

or duties.
 Clearly defines authority, responsibility, and relationships for
each section.
 Aims to achieve overall safety goals of the organization.

Large Organizations:

 May have a dedicated safety department with various teams

handling different functions.
 Each team has specific responsibilities and a clear chain of
command.

Small Organizations:

 May not have dedicated safety personnel.

 Specific safety duties are assigned to existing staff in different
departments.
 Departmental heads play a crucial role in safety and have
defined responsibilities.

Key Principles:

18
  Integration: Supervisors and all employees are actively
involved in safety.
 Shared Responsibility: "Safety is everyone's duty" mentality is
promoted.
 Transparency: Roles and responsibilities are clearly
communicated in writing and displayed prominently.

Overall:

 Effective safety organization relies on a structured system for

assigning, communicating, and fulfilling safety responsibilities.
 This ensures coordinated efforts towards achieving safety
goals at all levels of the organization.

Remember:

 A well-defined safety organization is essential for preventing

accidents and promoting a safe working environment.
 Active participation and shared responsibility are key to
success.

Need (Significance) of Organization

 Facilitates management: Provides structure for efficient

administration and function execution.
 Enables growth: Supports expansion and diversification of the
enterprise.
 Tech adoption: Allows optimal use of new technologies and
advancements.
 Human potential: Encourages utilization of individual skills and
capabilities.
 Innovation: Fosters creativity and problem-solving within the
workforce.
 Cost-effectiveness: Achieves maximum output with minimal
resource expenditure.

19
Objectives of Safety Organization:

 Accident prevention: Proactively avoid future incidents within

the workplace.
 Safe environment: Create and maintain a healthy and secure
work setting.
 Safety awareness: Promote and strengthen safety
consciousness among employees.
 Policy integration: Align safety policies with all work processes
and procedures.
 Compliance assurance: Ensure adherence to legal safety
regulations (e.g., Factory Act).
 Risk management: Identify, assess, and mitigate potential
safety hazards.
 Training and education: Equip employees with knowledge and
skills for safe practices.
 Employee involvement: Encourage cooperation and seek
suggestions for safety improvements.
 Post-accident response: Implement proper measures in case
of accidents, including investigation and remedial actions.
Functions & Duties of Safety Organization (example):

 Monitor safety directives: Ensure implementation of safety

regulations from central authorities.
 Supervise safety systems: Oversee the proper functioning of
operational and maintenance equipment.
 Inspect trains and facilities: Conduct regular checks of
trains, carriages, and workplaces.
 Implement safety initiatives: Promote and lead safety
campaigns and drives within the organization.
 Maintain crew facilities: Improve and manage areas used by
operational staff.
 Disaster management: Coordinate responses to emergencies
and disasters.
 Accident investigation: Assist in investigations of serious
accidents.
 Support staff: Provide counseling and monitoring for personnel
involved in maintenance and operations.

Remember:

20
 A well-organized and functioning safety organization is crucial for
any enterprise.
 Clear objectives, defined roles, and active participation from all
levels are essential for its success.

Role of management in safety

Importance:

 Crucial in shaping overall safety practices and outcomes.

 Decisions directly impact safety culture and employee well-being.

Main Concerns:

 Complacency and reliance on "what worked before" in safe

environments.
 Importance of maintaining strong communication and proactive
safety measures.

Responsibilities:

 Timely compensation: Ensure prompt payment of compensation

for work-related injuries.
 Applicant compliance: Verify proper qualifications and safety
training of new hires.
 Rules and regulations: Strictly adhere to relevant safety laws and
regulations.
 Safety officers: Appoint qualified medical, welfare, and safety
officers.
 Safety committees: Establish and empower
safety, welfare, environmental, and other relevant committees.
 Employee training: Provide regular safety education and training
for all employees.
 Insurance coverage: Ensure all employees are properly covered
under relevant safety acts.

Overall:

21
 Active and continuous leadership from management is key to
maintaining a safe workplace.
 By prioritizing communication, implementing best practices, and
fulfilling their responsibilities, management can create a culture of
safety for all employees.

Role of supervisor in safety

Importance:

 Supervisors directly translate company safety policies into action.

 Their skills and knowledge significantly impact overall safety
success.

Challenges Addressed:

 Recurring injuries.
 Lack of worker engagement and buy-in.
 Shortcuts and rule-breaking.
 Lack of personal accountability for safety.
 Competing organizational priorities.

Positive Impact of Safety-Oriented Supervisors:

 Reduced shortcuts and increased personal accountability.

 Higher worker engagement and safety focus.
 Effective liaison between management and workers to address
safety issues.

Negative Impact of Unskilled Supervisors:

 Inability to hold difficult safety conversations.

 Miss safety hazards and lack anticipation.
 Ineffective leadership with a safety-first mindset.

Limitations and Opportunities:

22
 Supervisors are one factor within the broader safety system.
 Strong supervisors need a good safety program and vice versa.
 Supervisors' qualities influence safety but can be improved
through training and mentorship.

Six Essential Qualities for Safety-Influencing Supervisors:

 Leadership: Inspire and motivate others to prioritize safety.

 Communication: Deliver clear, concise, and effective safety
messages.
 Observation: Actively identify and address potential safety
hazards.
 Coaching: Provide constructive feedback and guidance on safe
work practices.
 Relationship Building: Foster trust and open communication with
workers on safety issues.
 Accountability: Hold themselves and their team members
accountable for safety performance.

Overall:

 Supervisors play a crucial role in shaping safety culture and

outcomes.
 By developing and strengthening these six key
qualities, supervisors can significantly improve safety results in
any workplace.

Role of unions in safety

Impact on Worker Rights:

 Historically, unions fought for safer and fairer working conditions.

 Today, they hold significant influence over safety standards for all
workers (unionized & non-unionized).

Evidence of Positive Impact:

23
 Studies show decreased fatalities and increased safety practices
in unionized workplaces.
 Construction industry exemplifies stronger safety culture in
unionized settings.

Reasons for Increased Safety:

 Worker protection: Unions empower workers to raise safety

concerns without fear of retaliation.
 Employer pressure: Unions hold employers accountable for fixing
safety issues to avoid disruption and losses.

Power of Collective Bargaining:

 Individual workers lack leverage, but unions negotiate safety

measures as a collective.
 This increases bargaining power and forces employers to address
safety concerns.

Beyond Agreements:

 Unions ensure agreements are upheld through ongoing

collaboration with workers and management.

Wider Influence:

 Labor supply restriction: Unions limit non-union labor supply,

increasing demand for union workers.
 Labor demand increase: This pressure forces companies to
negotiate with unions, setting industry standards for safety.

Overall:

 Unions, through direct action and industry-wide influence, play a

crucial role in promoting and ensuring safer workplaces for all
workers.

Remember:

24
  The positive impact of unions on safety extends beyond their
own members.
 Strong union presence in an industry sets a higher safety bar
for all workplaces.

Safety Policy

Purpose:

 Written commitment to protecting employee health & safety

(incl. surrounding community).
 Exceeds legal & industry standards for life, limb, and health
protection.
 Required by Occupational Health and Safety Act.

Success Factors:

 Commitment & endorsement from both employer and

employees.

Structure:

 3 Sections:

o Statement: Commitment, aims, and goals of the policy.

o Responsibility: Roles and accountability for
implementation.
o Arrangements: Specific procedures for hazard reduction
and safety practices.

Possible Additional Details:

 Employee training on safety procedures.

 Use of administrative controls, hazard isolation, and warning
labels.
 Personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements.
 Hazard substitution with less harmful alternatives.

25
  Environmental improvements like lighting and workspace
safety.
 Slip, trip, and fall prevention measures.

Overall:

 A clear, well-defined safety policy is crucial for promoting a safe

work environment.
 Strong commitment, shared responsibility, and specific
procedures all contribute to effective safety practices.

Safety officer Responsibility

Overall:

 Ensures everyone's safety in the workplace.

 Prevents accidents, responds to emergencies, and
evaluates safety programs.

Three Main Roles:

1. Planning:

 Secures necessary safety equipment and tools.

 Plans safe work procedures and ensures safe work
environments.

2. Organizing:

 Schedules tasks to minimize safety risks.

 Manages workload for safe worker completion.

3. Supervising:

 Monitors safe work practices of all employees.

26
  Ensures everyone understands their role and follows safety
protocols.

Additional Tasks:

 Handles first-aid procedures and safety checks.

 Operates emergency equipment and trains others.
 Conducts accident investigations and reports to authorities.

Specific Responsibilities:

 Identifies and assesses hazards and risks.

 Implements and supervises control measures.
 Reviews operations for potential safety improvements.
 Sets up and supervises temporary work areas.
 Manages hazardous materials handling and disposal.
 Oversees potential workplace hazards.
 Enhances safety and productivity with digital systems.
 Ensures OSHA compliance and provides training.
 Upholds safety policies and investigates accidents.

Qualifications:

 Technical degree (e.g., engineering) preferred.

 Safety practices certification required.

Remember:

 A safety officer plays a crucial role in maintaining a safe

and healthy work environment for everyone.

Safety committee-need, types, advantages.

Need:

 Mitigate workplace injury & illness risks.

 Educate & inform employees about safety.
27
  Foster a culture of safety within the organization.

Types:

 Formal: Regular meetings with representatives from all

levels (management, workers, staff).
 Informal: Smaller companies, all-staff safety meetings.

Advantages:

 Broad representation: Includes diverse perspectives and

concerns.
 Open communication: Encourages employee
input, questions, and raising concerns.
 Focused efforts: Dedicated time and resources for safety
activities.
 Increased awareness: Improved safety knowledge and
culture among employees.
 Proactive hazard identification: Early detection and
mitigation of potential risks.
 Stronger organization-employee connection: Visible
commitment to employee well-being.

Overall:

 Safety committees play a key role in preventing

accidents, promoting awareness, and creating a safe work
environment for everyone.

28
29