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JACKFRUIT FLOUR, A NEW WEAPON TO FIGHT DIABETES AND REDUCE CANCER

PATIENTS’ SIDE EFFECTS FROM CHEMOTHERAPY

Technical Report · May 2023

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.27695.71847

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 AgriGate- An International Multidisciplinary e-Magazine

Volume: 03 Issue No: 05

Volume: 02 Issue No: 08
JACKFRUIT FLOUR, A NEW WEAPON TO FIGHT
DIABETES AND REDUCE
OCCUPATIONAL CANCER
HEALTH PATIENTS’
HAZARDS SIDE
OF WORKERS
EFFECTS FROM CHEMOTHERAPY
Article ID: AG-VO3-I05-18
Article ID: AG-VO2-I08-07

Bhagyalaxmi Panda1, Kailash Chandra Samal2 and Jyoti Prakash Sahoo3*

1
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of
Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar - 751003, India
2
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of
Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar - 751003, India
3
Department of Agriculture and Allied Sciences, C.V. Raman Global University,
Bhubaneswar - 752054, India
*
Corresponding Author Email ID: jyotiprakashsahoo2010@gmail.com

Abstract
Jack fruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) is the largest tree fruit in the world, bearing big and
heavy fruits. It is an important indigenous packed with protein and lots of fiber, vitamins,
minerals and antioxidants with many therapeutic values. The fruit contains Vitamin A & C,
nicotinic acid, riboflavin, folic acid, maleic acid, choline, sugar, amino acid, K, Ca, Na, P, Fe,
Mn, Zn .It has enormous potential in combating many of the health hazards. Jackfruit has a fairly
low glycemic index (GI)(Joseph, 2019), promoting better blood sugar control. Jackfruit contains
flavonoids, phenolics, carotenoids and phyto nutrient traits like anti-cancer, antioxidant,
antihypertensive, anti-ulcer, and anti-inflammatory that help in fighting oxidative stress,
controlsin flammation, ulcers, diabetes, heart disease, triggers immune activity and promotes
skin and hair health.The use of Jackfruit and its seed flour is gaining popularity in recent times,
as studies continually disclose more health benefitting breakthroughs.
Keywords: Jackfruit, antioxidants, glycemic index, medicinal value, diabetes and diseases
Introduction
Jack fruit or Phanos or fanos (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam), a member of the Moraceae
family, is an important fruit in India. India is considered to be the native of jack fruit and the

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Western Ghats region of India is considered as the centre of origin. It is the favourite fruit of
Volume: 02 Issue No: 08
many, owing to its sweetness and is also considered as the poor man's fruit in India. It is mostly
found in tropical, high rainfall, coastal and humid areas of India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka,
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS OF WORKERS
Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Cameroon, Uganda, Tanzania,
Mauritius Brazil and Caribbean nations such as Jamaica. The jack fruit trees are naturally
Article
established in the farmlands and in forest regions with the blessings ID: AG-VO2-I08-07
of nature. No cultural
practices are adopted for its growth and maintenance and by default, they are organic produces.
Apart from its use as a table fruit, jack is a popular fruit for preparing pickles, chips, jack
leather and papad. There is ample scope for the value addition of jack fruit into several products
like squash, jam, candy, halwa etc. The ripe bulbs can be preserved for one year in sugar syrup or
in the form of sweetened pulp. The unripe mature bulbs can be blanched and dehydrated for
further use throughout the year. Seed is a rich source of starch and a delicacy during the season.
Jack fruit is rich in several nutrients and provides complete nutrition to the consumers. It
contains vitamin B and C, potassium, calcium, iron, proteins and a high level of carbohydrates
and proteins (Ranasingheet al., 2019). The fruit contains one valuable molecule, "Jacalin", that is
useful in preventing colon cancer, AIDS etc.
Table 1. Health benefits of jack fruit
Characteristics Description
Strengthens Immune System Jackfruit is rich in vitamin C, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), niacin,
riboflavin, and folic acid that helps to strengthen the immune
system.
Protects against Cancer The Jackfruit contains phytonutrients such as lignans,
isoflavones and saponin, which have anti-cancer and anti-
ageing properties.
Aids in healthy digestion Jackfruit contains high fiber that prevents constipation and it
also contains anti-ulcer properties which help cure ulcers and
digestive disorders.
For better and healthy eye The presence of vitamins maintains a healthy eye and skin.
and skin
Energy-boosting property Due to the presence of simple sugars like fructose and sucrose

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in Jackfruit, it is considered an energy-generating fruit that

Volume: 02 Issue No: 08
provides an immediate energy boost.
Lowers high blood pressure The presence of Potassium in Jackfruit helps lower blood
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS OF WORKERS
pressure and thus reduces the risk of heart attack and strokes.
Controls Asthma The extract of boiled jackfruit root is widely used to control
asthma Article ID: AG-VO2-I08-07

Strengthens the Bone The higher magnesium content in the Jackfruit promotes
calcium absorption in the body, strengthening the bone and
preventing bone-related disorders such as osteoporosis.
Prevents Anaemia Higher content of iron in the Jackfruit prevents anaemia and
also helps in proper blood circulation in the body.
Maintains a healthy Thyroid The presence of Copper in the Jackfruit plays a key role in
thyroid metabolism, especially in hormone production and
absorption.
Antidiabetic effect of Carotenoids, proanthocyanidin, flavonoids, volatile acids,
Jackfruit sterols, and tannins are some of the phytochemical compounds
present in the Jackfruit that control diabetes. One study found
that jackfruit extract made it easier for people with diabetes to
control their blood sugar.
Antioxidant properties Jackfruit contains antioxidantsthat delay or prevent cell damage
in the body and keep the body fits always.

Jackfruit flour and its use for control of diabetes

In Jackfruit, the seeds constitute 12-23% of a fresh jackfruit, which is thrown away as
waste. Jackfruit seed contains 60-65% starch (RS-Type-2), 2% crude fibre and an array of
phytochemicals reported to have antibiotic and anti-cancerous properties. The green jackfruit
flour provides the defense against diabetes by lowering blood sugar. According to the
presentation made in American Diabetes Association (ADA2019) annual conference in Chicago,
it was advocated that the regular consumption of green flour helped in improving glycemic
control in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Due to its importance in maintaining blood glucose

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in the diabetes patient, a patent of Indian green jackfruit flour brand 'Jackfruit365' has been made
Volume: 02 Issue No: 08
by the American Diabetes Organisation (ADA) for its diabetes-management qualities. The green
jackfruit flour in the regular meal of Type 2 Diabetes patients decreased glycated haemoglobin
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS OF WORKERS
(HbA1c) (Rao et al., 2021).
Jackfruit flour Recipe for diabetes
Jackfruit seeds may be converted into flour after inactivating Article ID: AG-VO2-I08-07
the anti-nutritional factors
present in the seed by drying. The seeds of the Jackfruit were separated from the fruits and then
cleaned manually by rubbing the seeds between the hands and washing thoroughly under running
water. The seed coats were manually peeled off. Then the peeled seeds were sliced into thin
chips and sun-dried and sieved through a 60mm mesh sieve and packed in the polyethene bags.
The flour prepared from Jackfruit seeds can be used for making chapattis/ roti by blending with
wheat flour (25:75) (Fig 1).

Fig.1. Jackfruit seeds, its flour and prepared Capattis/ Roti; (a) Jackfruit seeds; (b) Sundried PealedJackfruit

seeds; (c) Jackfruit flour; (d) Jackfruit flour dough; (e) Jackfruit lour chapatti, (f) Jackfruit flour paratha

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Jackfruit seed flour is a good source of carbohydrates, protein, vitamins and exhibits low
Volume: 02 Issue No: 08
water and fat absorption capacity. The flour is also used in the preparation of deep-fried
products. Jackfruit seed flour is also used for the preparations like Vada, Pazhampori, Bajji and
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS OF WORKERS
Puri by replacing 50% of flour of cereals/pulses. The jackfruit flour blended products were
widely preferred in sensory evaluation tests. Further, seed flour can be used to produce biscuits.
Article
―Jackfruit 365‖, a new Kerala based company, is focused on selling ID: AG-VO2-I08-07
Jackfruit flour and is
popularizing this product through recipes for a number of food items that are normally prepared
with other ingredients. Further, Jackfruit flour produced may be used as a thickening and binding
agent in food systems.
Conclusion
Jackfruit is a rich source of several important phytochemicals and other biochemical
compounds. It is considered an underutilized fruit due to a lack of proper knowledge on
postharvest practices and scarce processing units. Jackfruit is a good source of protein, fiber,
essential elements, vitamins, antioxidants and carotenoids and, in flour form, makes it easy to
include in a variety of daily food like roti, chapatti, biscuits without changing eating habits.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
References
American Diabetes Association. 5. Lifestyle management: standards of medical care in
diabetes—2019. Diabetes Care. 2019;42:S46–60.
Joseph J. Nutritional, glycemic and ecological assessment of green Jackfruit for diabetes in
Kerala. Int J Diabetes. 2019;1:14–8.
Ranasinghe R. A. S. N., Maduwanthi S.D. T., and Marapana R. A. U. J.. Nutritional and Health
Benefits of Jackfruit (Artocarpusheterophyllus Lam.): A Review. International Journal
of Food Science. 2019. Article ID 4327183 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4327183
Rao, A.G., Naik, K.S., Unnikrishnan, A.G. et al. Efficacy of green jackfruit flour as a medical
nutrition therapy replacing rice or wheat in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutr. Diabetes 2021; 11, 18
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-021-00161-4

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