Fath 201 xb a a)! Dehne Gmage and dmoge ' Maxton proces» P| a dundametal. obieetve of yrege pressing qmoge: fing 2 mottemalseal Sunation tocar inbrmation car be peprorerted on O” moge’ A digtcl Imoge FS an one of hivtktane ef Re eae val vigil mage proesara erorel Hehe 4 Npragusi7g of oad. ae del comp objediive. of gmagie pro eesring ¢ 1s Te makef ence gud fading mechan 2: To make Image based automation’ spstem : 3 Smage enhandemen ond yeankoratbon tore eaxiere ytgnprad=aleon of “ymegle* lg Smoe orally ois and dbyeat racogynson ”renee cere PT ELE ETD x (e) od s Explain elosnification §mage processing on the ants of Prroeessing ARs. Am: “Clamifieation of Jmage peocering * DY) Low-Sevel peoerar t (righeL Gmoge geoersting) Jaimibive operations where inputs and out pkt are mages rea fundion + droge pre-e a | Like — porge yedudtion,, eonkrok eromeame nt and | image shorepre eke. | j) Befelevel prs: Coghel wage reer ond compare Vision ond pabkers ano gyriber) : Gopas ame Imoges. ovtpat ore ables | Ceq:edges) mojo tuneions : segmentation» deseription, choonifeation /racoepstion of oyects. | ®) Higle Navel proces ° (cormpacere vision) | pes ei Le Sore | Make sense of om enpemble of vecognited objects:z 2(@) | Preaw and explain re block diagrcom ot a pieal digital image Procestinea system ton an nee Tecognition Aw: Telos. Aicagrean ot image, processing saster Preoblern domain [Feage Aquisi Sion Tmage Frhaneemank ast me — \ Tage Rerbration | US | Manphe logical processing] iste. < a Seqmentation dbrect Recogniton | Re presentation and Desereiption|Draw -tro histeqiam and eDF of a (i) poor contrat imoge and (ay) good contreast image. Mention he mechanisms Pore contrast enkomeament of aipoene contrast image . [5 es ol mee. — oe | are ton Ne ie mee i f \ of / alli ot ad | 3 ttt sz 63 Blo do uo fo Seene Hegre * hae one (D Gond_eowbveast_Srege 7 re | | | |. “BI | Fe | Juslul VG Le i \ BE 23 | © 1 20 30 49 so bo |} | —s = | | t | twoge uistogream Image bEMeehonism fore contrast enhomeamert of poore conlost image: all, aa Yustogr CA, poore contrast image The lantogram 2s representative of on wpoore cortireost” i ineage Fe hos very deco “donk " amd very feco “Dglt’ pinels. Gk dood mite qood une of Aud alynomic ronge aveatable . write Joon the mottomated eguctivn fore geneza- Arq ov nmusoidel + a of Voit site pirals aese. hore zontal Srcquene i han its verti al freguene q tote’ awe fo Here, Voupr= (eHow A98 Somme 103 sin (BMA) sin Gt Cam) 412 \o S. an (2%) 4123 oe \2F sin (80) 5m ass = 194 4in (Ean GA) viar-Ny = b mn mag? : = oe ee ee analy and shone: meguiramests daa tha Lhe | Abit: A wk por rmoge VS a digit ‘mmoge Abe Kon onkg, tea. cokers eral > tyre choo colons are ured fore \_ 3 by binary i 1c that ome Woo and wale: So each Pind is shored ob & sigh bik eg o- onde => Flo size of this image is, (e4oxuroriy|= go712 06 bits 3072.00 =e byhes 07120078 4B 1024 =p ws image is good ovky fore simple graphics ond tert ine q 4 => Requires hors sdoreage - PTOBetts Thay image har 08 954 possible voluen spore each pixel GHOKUBO & bit > Filo site of tas VGA image is ( ctexueox®) = 1457600 vits > is a gee geale ymage with vate vitals echion . 6 bit: Tas image hor a'& gus 3e possible volues tore ese prick - euorate 16 bit _| => Flo site of Te van smoge 1S. (¢40 £480 x6) = 4915900 bits 2D Wy so odor image with bes Viquelszation =p The required slonegé site is yneneased .> Be)) whet do aa : > ee meon ba image restoration and image An Tmege Restoration: 3+ seohores +o emo ore minim zation Yn of} Kmown degreadetion jn On vmage- “Ti debhuvening, ot Gen MOG degrended toy Aico” Vimibalion envirton ment, mise Whine ond f geamedric. dighorctizon, weemert and | of pendor or mon Awels unedl. | cored ness 9. | Kalman Filkering Jeehniquas are com | is image restorestson - | |_Tmage Reeonshnuélion: Tage. qweorstnuetion Ayam prowection is oO special | atans of imege reostorction pradolems sorte tev (ore | Wighore) dimensional. dogeck is reeanstuucied reo several one dimensional prayed on « Tor etomple, Tn medical imoging, cock projection 15 obilained ba neitt at a pordlel y-Teay eo shrgh ba. aby ek“ d —lo Desenibe too imporcamt Linea point opertiog tow imoge enhoncemert - | te ame ‘\mportat Lanewt. port operzation — | » Hislograxm Fquolitoli om D tristogram Modeling » Yhisglograa Equalization: jp eee I U N Orato ran v [es [ aie Pulki) ee ae » Sees ae [v= = pel)» co A-Nonin j Nim +05| vert (LDfor exomple, eh(a= logit), v7, Ah veh™= Cie. » BG n7,2- 4 Wwose are, uned ‘in a Z 4,3 Hention some image Sesturte! Trecogni Zing om cbyect - Awe, Nome oh Aho dectumes Ore D_ Histogram wD edhorr 1) Edge / Boundary W) shape s on shape) /) Moments (depend v) jexture/ palm (A group of qo) 5 Ceare the ditherronkt calom vnodels us Mepriaserting obyects? Menton theit A ppliestica Ans. ae Color Hodels Glow Mode Openaisn ame: Rap — Compas Guraphies — dmaye Anadsysis — gmoge Storage — drags Prete eHy CS) ss printing HSV HSL — Compete Graphics processing — Haren visio —Compulsr vision — Frage Arolasis — Gnoge caitirg software svideo Faitor — peiqn Troe — tharen Visuel penesption TQ — TV Broodeasting — Video system5% ‘ i a 2 Find the maximum , ‘minimum, medion omd overta Filtoring oukpt of the bold monk pinel of the image shown im Fiq-1- We a 343 Keo - 0 250 200 10: O 229 10 =@isto o qe | | SO SON 5018 | commeion 20 70 210 240 OO | Re Maximum ¢ pies Minimums 5 aa Ole S o ° ° \we- Prenoge: ) Jae | Este yay | wectesd |. | See | feree | CET -— ae a eC 448 = He oi Wro- Nal. what do wet undorustamd by edge? | Ans. An imoge cor be Considered on & cordinun> 5 ae fundGon Fe), Were its yn Tho detivetive omumes & boca ww0amum dineddion Gg of te edge te a a tf - e - fy cosordysnd-FB) whet oi ; ee lpia fe He bmary edge value of Hee bad marted Eo image intensities shen in fi etal of sine (575) i af a sibel a: ¢ operees on it resold vane for thi eee Se re they edge daicdion. © 260° 20° 10 Oo 220 10 420 0 po eB 18DSe) gO as 90 10 20 240 ® SoM pape a aaah o 10 [209| 400| 10 Fete] ON ETE Ls flat qox2ugoro ie) 2e00) La hal = prot O toto FOF Fa = oxo 0 F— io pial xf) = BAS tera, Tr nebeld, vel 2140" 4oo tot+20 @oroto= (320) 2490 640 sf alcdidl 7 esrbolde 5 (4) whet is Affine moment inverink? Prove Bo, =M0z0- j fr! | Athne Moment Javertet: jet onder moment sn vert rea: Mio= Moy = and order ammornente wv ; Qs = Mot Mae consteoct: Po= (Mao Mi) +4 bye constant Aine Lome Dror B = ae ——— Bi 4 Moo oO eee Ete) amo =eSxgi er’)Mo _ ZExiera Mig =r a SG ID Mo} as zt Sd aS TSE), Moja NOW, Ae Ze GDI) ) Mia aante & RHA) —H% ae M0 | Rss 0 rere = M0 = Mo =O | tale at ca VoD 2 2zyod- a od) Mot Shor, wees" SOE — Poe SMon [Red =O: Ayn Bel 0\ = 4 | Proved]| 8G) | Perform te erwsion and dilption open ong indpendady for the image. shown in the, | desing R42: we ay 9, Grabacside-(©) you Nave given om image o: VOW site. a simple method tp it to halt soa Magtion Ar Pinch Sereri ——— i Metred eon cower a Vena Se sige SS bo wl} site - eal Gmoage size (404430) Pinel sliggirg Matsa CM a) AS i rik opt Se 320% 249) Pinch . Dauble site: Linear atcpdstion Method cam aonverdk on N@A site image %© double size . 1280 X 940) PirekACA) | Explain the pmoge Nomex? wha nighet onder, lowet onda vomenk dpvanioonts OMe not Wwed im Tete quia obyect 2 Be Tmege Homer: Moments ore used +o dafarmme_ he propelise ab ow eomporert - - Aran is he ok wnomevt - — Corton of mod 36 thea Ack Momext — Onerdetion is defined uth rubpedt The dnd nomen - trgko ondut__omd lower onde Nomex « Tavarnonts arte you wed in race nancy obaecks Higher onder momerts ore po somite +o woise omd bpwere anda womans Jove, ee \ow diseruminaive post, hak oly Laghax oleae ae ae Sn veriors ake. sot ued in reaca guising objects - Gwen “ Si (0 2552) | Bure a i" (o> 05285) | Goes i 45 C\28 128.128) calls AON tue — calor ime jr aw e, Theme are Ayoo Metleds Now we | gy seco “rey -to convert 1% They one = ) Averege Mathes W) wweighctsd Methed . | —————| | ))Avercage Nethod » {serena Smee is an RGB HYe ~ 50 ib mean thei we bee. add R rote GE ert B ond divide t+ by 3 +o aek the deeimel Beey gealo Gmage - Garey Seale a Pete) “y) Weightrd Mettod Crna, Sesho= (ooar)+ (039%) + (ote) Now, we wilh eonvert TE to greg seals do Binary image. 5° esnverting o throdbold value ond get” 'o Jomnds 40.Add © @hono prac. i$ less than 40° ond st Q55 tohene js pre if gredee—hen AOIO.$+ R,G.B volues of on image point are 140, £0,120, renpectivd{. then whet will be ifs ths L Voluoy? : SolM* RGB + Go4120 i bibs ae wee AO6'67 Di 0:93 ae 24 — Fuoteotie ~ | 1 e-@ + (RDS Wes cocee ee (ey + (P Nee DOD weet Abt rreree Big Grnealen Thon Gu. = (360-4610) = 313-9".c@) WTute short nodes on rmage texture and Pdendocolonirg - he Jmage Tedune: Tedure iS observed jn te struis SET cafoem ob taaatieks gehen ool Arain, somd , gr-ars amt chet. Wa. term Neds gereradh refers to epi tidion oy bovte “cdamek aalbel texeb: A Aer eoyelccawy severch rized, whase ghoerme cod be periodic, quodi- periodie on ctanfom + Nolureel textenes are qerenal random and ailificiok tecture Periodic. Tertune yee ye fine, smooth, C08 % Tepeled, Reaulor, ruregubore or Jinwar. in Treg anclasis » teyNine ‘is \oroadly chonactied Os Stetis tice ed struainstel - p Aexdoccloring 5 a eee LP rendocoloning ot arti heist echoring, am enhonee tie grepertabion of Fmmoge nfo —Replaew ~te VA sods lave by calor beenSummest — 2ol7 Wate. down +he mothemelt eal. - equation dong ensadies Asinursidal image of vaA side pines whose oat ta drequeney 15% times tagder Than iby Nestt cof dnerven es L So) Here, ms § times. | | TM) ary (AM) 412 ftomm)= 127 310 ox) 60 G aay AN Hoa dol 28D) in (ARF =\2] sn Cr) ain (4 — 2) 30) what do nis untutstand ba Sage Enhoneamot - Tine Enhancement: tmege enhoneamert 16 the Pproens—of powere of pre prroe>®INY qP 5 prow +o an image 6a ea opt 16 morte guilable Sn gpe etic. opplocation - “Theo. pues | of rege PrCoea7ar eA or. — D spetial Doman 0) Yrogquanc a Domain| D_spatiel Domain: gt nebo to He —ymage plone hed ond jPs bared on | the deat rmantipuotion ot pind oh-an Vmoaqe - py Presterey Deeks Peaeaia sis | technique. aned on mod yi yo fousdere | roms fore, of on Smoge. 4 av) | desotbl. Argital negative. aan image. FVtroctio’ | algeria - | Dig Negetives A negative Ye ST Robina bq TaN gue sedan of grey Set | agconding to Whe, Amos formation « | N | | | | 7 . | > os Baik nagdive Trans | Soa wation F ve. sq the apley OF medics pigikh negative ore, worn Te a a oe an in poco durching, negatwe paTmoge substnaction Algorithm’ Awege cubchrection 15 a procesd whereby Fhe dighkeh wumerze — volut of one pral on otle image is subehudtad Irorr avether rege. ©) | desine ymoge eontrzasth ant brightness ob an image. contnont The eortrost 16 proportional ko fu Legoweithern of The Luuminan ee - Qs Xz +rgheg L ware A414100 Brightness aie biaghiness 55 We pretgerived Tuironee of Ane region® 4h strong apes of he sure ounding Yuminon ec Br it con be Ww to meoune the ympulne rerperse of The HVS - Lumironce: eo \uorinanes 4S tie spatial. Wurandion \rlensily yt ba wittin a megion’\ wt — = he ° BS e eu w 3 e v ° Pa 5 t 2 + 3 a & poe : B apy GO 429° aia) og ©) 220 1-205 alo i Gs 10. 100 oe so «0 60 90 5 ee) 7e aio 240 . OVO a 200) 40° 40| 100 vA os > $13 dil= | lo +200) = 20 figle |-4oo 29-10 l= \-aed = 39° dialer piyjz 9104990 = G002200 pera, Plaltsig) cy three \d- tel, threshold value. aon oat \S Erosion29) Morphology: Morcphology opercations vmodiby Aha chope. a component ort give ‘reformation alot The shoge of & component - + Erosion / Diketion a Openiral / cbesivg : “Tearing » Convex bubs -Droso -tre Histogram and @pr o 250 (5) 10 10 Oo 30 to 6100 0 5D 5D 40 100 40 db Oo 210 Zo 20 so artensityy | Propane pssst eae © T 40 ig om 3 2 tl 30 4 ——— OCS: APE ois = gal a papa Ne 30 4100 = QUO cet ei coe oneal 250 4a P= 20° SB WAL NYG IB, 19120CROCE at On cD 001 81 ON 250) Figure: Tistog ream=e | pons | Unual Momext? Griven > Vinang) image f contigs =D, camedted eompment > t Sy Oa Nee Sous) gh womerds « 2a Oo eee) | eagle Gorctnol Homer! ee SE ION Ms ne Zee 29 x 3107) M09. = te = G®W 3 ‘SS £ i Edge Dekection Praneiple “ The gradiert is avec with mos ni gen ah, gon) - gtumn) +> (mm) (ies ino 2, \22\ 2s a) Lal 25 Ze {21 Zs 29 (aL | te um) %aCon) [ving [89- Low pao Toe i ogy cllows mk Free gency signet : : \ 7 qO-O= L$ alak “B15 2 eDiets 2Signal . Lome je te High pad Filta Alloas 0 14 vn as Laplacion, Kotwel al 2 = TER cal bo eer Siquetions —4 fet ca Bard pans Fille Allows agqnalo paeween Reo epee troquencisy WD por - How con we handle the oun dae siuctions in oe Opercections 3 d “There ame cthree. \n ») Gakpet pral my gel Tia S eer ay handle cA operations - ak borden -VW) Rehletted Tndok or Mirnoreny. hero Re f | imege rreflockdd” The inage owe upon idacdks | Narttieda, on Yonirerkally .Ze | Lighinesst The terem gpeeities how much Light 7< Pree im The image - Jt. expretes The Intensity pr Luninomer. of The image witlan a tugisn. Brighbwss, Braghtrss specrties tee Luminan ee a is of regions of The image Gomperad te its Saas eT, = ei anes ond centin of Maar ton the, object OO CO 2'0 i 0/6 f OF Oo) Ayo X21.) each 0 @ 7th {4-0 oO i 0 | 10od @) 6) @) G) QO oO oO eG 2) tuZ) O Oma Ce. (9 2 @ 1 Ce Coe a a (MOO. O--1 1 Go: ©, 4.12 Mio =? Mio My Say ade w= 2 ns om $090) = 10 ly = 12 Ar4 = 1h me rece UE nd)= 32 4u5 = 5 Noise at Ovd= Cel: VxAreR . ae 4% 322 ea te -—3- 5 Mu SLO DSpace 1 Mol seas tiaey pact ee ole = Tmen 2 nlO