FORENSIC

TOXICOLOGY

Mrs. Cyra Eunice R. Tanael

FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY

Forensic toxicology refers to the use of

toxicology for the purposes of law.

The science that deals with medical and

legal aspects of the harmful effects of
the chemicals on the human body.
RA. 9165- COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUG
ACT 2002
 TYPES OF DRUGS
DEPRESSANT Alcohol, barbiturates, Benzodiazepines, Inhalants
S
HALLUCINOGE Marijuana, Hashish, LSD, PCP, PEYOTE, Psilocybin
NS
Caffeine, Nicotine, Adderall and Ritalin, Amphetamines
STIMULANTS and methamphetamines, cocaine and crack

Heroin, Morphine, Codeine, Hydrocodone, Oxycodone,

OPIOIDS Methadone, Opium

STEROIDS Anabolic steroids

CLUB DRUGS MDA, GHB, ROHYPNOL

ANTI-DEPRESSAN SNRI, SSSRI, MAOI, TCA

TS
DRUG SCHEDULE CLASSIFICATION
0 DEPRESSAN
TS
1
Alcohol, barbiturates, Benzodiazepines, Inhalants
DEPRESSANTS
Depressant substances reduce arousal
and stimulation.
They affect the central nervous system,
slowing down the messages between
the brain and body.
They can affect concentration and
coordination and slow down a person’s
ability to respond to unexpected
situations.
 EFFECTS OF DEPRESSANTS

AT LOW DOSAGE HIGHER DOSAGE

● impaired judgement and coordination
● reduced inhibitions ● vomiting
● enhanced mood ● irregular or shallow breathing
● reduced anxiety and stress ● blackouts and memory loss
● slowed reaction time ● awake but not responsive
● impaired judgement ● unconsciousness
● slowed breathing ● coma
● increased risk of accident or ● death.
injury
 ALCOHOL
• Spirytus Rektyfikowany is the world’s
most alcoholic spirit with an astonishing
96% ABV
• Ethyl alcohol or ethanol
 BLOOD ALCOHOL CONTENT (BAC)
(GRAMS OF ALCOHOL PER 100ml OF BLOOD)
BARBITURATES and BENZODIAZEPINES
Barbiturates are drugs that slows
down the messages travelling
between the brain and the body Benzodiazepines are much safer,
although still potentially addictive than
Known as nervous system barbiturates.
depressants. Street name: Benzos, tranx, sleepers,
downers, pills, xannies, serras
Barbiturates were used in the (Serepax®), moggies (Mogadon®),
treatment of anxiety, epilepsy, to normies (Normison®)
induce sleep, and as anesthetics Pharma name: Valium, Xanax,
ducene, alprax
 INHALANTS
Inhalants are common household,
Inhalant abusers may show such signs as:
industrial and medical products that
produce vapors, which some people ✔ Chemical odors on the breath or
inhale (breathe in) to make them feel clothes.
intoxicated or high. ✔ Paint or other stains on hands, fingers
Ex. Paint Removers, cleaning Products, or clothes.
Rugby, Aerosols, Paints, Nitrous Oxide, ✔ Changes in behavior including apathy
glues, Nail polish remover, etc. (lack of interest).
✔ Significant decrease in appetite and
weight loss.
✔ Sudden change in friends and hobbies.
✔ Rapid decline in school performance.
✔ Poor hygiene and grooming habits.
✔ Slurred speech.
✔ Runny nose or nosebleeds
 0 HALLUCINOGE
NS
2
Marijuana, Hashish, LSD, PCP, PEYOTE, Psilocybin
 HALLUCINOGENS

Hallucinogens are a class of drugs that alter

an individual's perception, mood, and
cognitive processes, often leading to
hallucinations, distortions of reality, and
changes in thought patterns.
These substances can cause profound
changes in sensory perception, including
visual, auditory, and tactile sensations.
Hallucinogens are sometimes referred to as
psychedelics, and they can be naturally
occurring or synthetically produced.
 HALLUCINOGENS

PEYOTE PSILOCYBIN
• Peyote is a small, spineless cactus. • Psilocybin or magic mushrooms are naturally occurring and
• The active ingredient in peyote is are consumed for their hallucinogenic effects.
the hallucinogen mescaline. • The key ingredient in magic mushrooms is psilocybin.
When psilocybin is taken, it’s converted in the body to
psilocin, which is the chemical with the psychoactive
properties.
 HALLUCINOGENS

LSD Phencyclidine
(PCP)
• LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) is a • Phencyclidine (PCP) is a mind-altering drug that may lead
hallucinogenic drug. to hallucinations (a profound distortion in a person’s
• Hallucinogens change the way people sense perception of reality). It is considered a dissociative drug,
the world around them. leading to a distortion of sights, colors, sounds, self, and
• LSD is odorless, colorless, and tasteless. It one's environment. Angel dust.
can be painted onto small squares of paper • PCP is available in a variety of tablets, capsules, and
that people lick or swallow. colored powders, which are either smoked, taken orally or
by the intranasal route ("snorted").
 MARIJUANA
Marijuana also called weed, herb, pot, grass, bud, ganja, Mary Jane, and a vast number of other
slang terms—is a greenish-gray mixture of the dried flowers of Cannabis sativa.

Some people smoke marijuana in hand-rolled cigarettes called joints; in pipes, water pipes
(sometimes called bongs), or in blunts (marijuana rolled in cigar wraps).

Stronger forms of marijuana include sinsemilla (from specially tended female plants) and
concentrated resins containing high doses of marijuana’s active ingredients, including
honeylike hash oil, waxy budder, and hard amberlike shatter.

The main psychoactive(mind-altering) chemical in marijuana, responsible for most of the

intoxicating effects that people seek, is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The chemical is found
in resin produced by the leaves and buds primarily of the female cannabis plant.

The plant also contains more than 500 other chemicals, including more than 100 compounds that
are chemically related to THC, called cannabinoids.
THC VS. CBD
HASHIS
WEED
H ● Hashish is a concentrated
form of the cannabis plant, ● Marijuana comes from the dried
which means there is a high leaves, seeds, stems, and flowers of
or potent cannabinoid the cannabis plant.
concentration. ● The color is different from hash
● Hashish is derived from the since it’s usually a shade of green.
“kief” or the dried resin of the “Mary Jane,” or marijuana, is used
flowers from the cannabis for many purposes such as medical
plant. treatment, baking to create edibles,
● Cannabis sativa and it’s put in teas.
● The powdery resin is
collected by hand, by
mechanics, or through icy
water submersion.
PRESUMPTIVE TEST
 0 STIMULANT
S
3
Caffeine, Nicotine, Adderall and Ritalin, Amphetamines and
methamphetamines, cocaine and crack
STIMULANTS
Stimulants are a class of drugs that
speed up messages travelling between
the brain and body.
They can make a person feel more
awake, alert, confident or energetic.
Other names: Uppers, beans, pep pills,
speed, dexies, smart pills
 EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS

AT LOW DOSAGE HIGHER DOSAGE

● anxiety
● euphoria ● tension
● heightened feelings of ● increased body temperature
wellbeing ● nausea
● increased heart rate and blood ● tremor
pressure ● seizures
● increased alertness ● coma
● talkativeness ● death
● reduced appetite.
 CAFFEINE

• Caffeine is a stimulant drug,

which means it speeds up the
messages travelling between the
brain and the body.
• Up to 400 milligrams (mg) of
caffeine a day appears to be safe
for most healthy adults
EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE
COCAINE

• Cocaine comes from the leaves of the coca

bush (Erythroxylum coca), native to South
America.
• Cocaine hydrochloride: a fine white powder
with a bitter, numbing taste. Cocaine
hydrochloride is often mixed, or ‘cut’, with
other substances such as lidocaine, talcum
powder or sugar to dilute it before being sold.
• Freebase: a white powder that is purer than
cocaine hydrochloride.
• Crack: crystals ranging from white or cream
to transparent with a pink or yellow hue. It
may contain impurities.
COCAINE

• Restlessness, irritability, anxiety, paranoia,

dilated pupils, insomnia, loss of appetite.
Irregular heartbeat, ischemic heart conditions,
sudden cardiac arrest, convulsions, strokes,
and death.
• Tolerance builds quickly, easy to overdose.
Long-term use of inhaled cocaine has led to a
unique respiratory syndrome, and chronic
snorting of cocaine has led to the erosion of
the upper nasal cavity.
• The crash that follows a high is mental and
physical exhaustion, sleep, and depression
lasting several days. Following the crash, users
crave cocaine again.
 PRESUMPTIVE TEST

Cobalt-Thiocyanate
Reagent (Cocaine
Freebase/Crack)
Cocaine HCl will develop a Blue solution in the
1st ampoule as well as a sticky Blue residue
COCAINE ID Scott Reagent modified adhering to the inside of the tube. The 2nd
SWIPES
Simply wipe the suspected
(Cocaine Salts/ Base) ampoule will remain Blue. No base caines
(procaine;dibucaine;tetracine) will develop the
surface with Cocaine ID sticky blue residue in the 1st ampoule.
Swipes and if cocaine is Positive: turns pink or pink Cocaine Base will not dissolve in the 1st ampoule
present, the swipe will turn with blue components and will develop a Pink solution with Blue
blue adhering to the particles of Cocaine Base
introduced to the tube.
 AMPETHAMINE VS.
METHAMPETHAMINE
AMPETHAMINE METHAMPETHAMINE
• Amphetamines are synthetic drugs • Methamphetamine may be more commonly
that stimulate activity in the central known by street names like meth, crank, ice,
nervous system through and shabu.
neurotransmitters like dopamine • Consumed by injection, snorting or smoking,
and norepinephrine. • This illicit synthetic stimulant is composed of
• primarily prescribed for patients amphetamine mixed with a variety of
with ADHD household substances.
• non-medical uses, such as weight • Upon initial use, the individual can experience
loss or to stay awake longer. a powerful rush, including a burst of energy
• “study drugs” and confidence.
METHAMPETHAMINES
PRESUMTIVE TEST (METH)

• Dark Blue color as a positive reaction

after breakage and agitation of the 3rd
ampoule.

• If the color development is an immediate Pink

slowly transforming to Lavender, you DO NOT
have either Methamphetamine or MDMA. This
color reaction suggests you should proceed to
Marquis Reagent for either Amphetamines or
analogs of MDMA
 ADDERALL AND
RITALIN
• Adderall is the brand name for a mix of
two stimulants
called amphetamine-dextroamphetamin
e.
• Ritalin is the brand name for a stimulant
called methylphenidate.
• Most people who take this medication
for attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) used it to affect how
well you concentrate.
0 OPIOIDS
3
Heroin, Morphine, Codeine, Hydrocodone, Oxycodone, Methadone
 OPIOIDS
• Opioids are a broad group of
pain-relieving medicines that work with
your brain cells. Opioids can be made
from the poppy plant
• Opioid medicines travel through the
blood and attach to opioid receptors in
brain cells. This blocks pain messages
and can boost feelings of pleasure.
 HEROIN
• Heroin is a highly addictive drug and
it is a rapidly acting opioid.
• An opiate (narcotic) drug processed
from morphine and extracted from
certain poppy plants.
• Heroin comes in a white or brownish
powder, or a black sticky substance
known as “black tar heroin.” Often
“cut” with other drugs or substances
such as sugar or powdered milk. User
is unaware how much actual heroin is
being used, creating likelihood of
overdose.
PRESUMTIVE TEST
 DEPRESSANTS

THE PATIENT DIAGNOSIS

01 You can describe here the
topic of the section
03 You can describe here the
topic of the section

DISCUSSION TREATMENT
02 You can describe here the
topic of the section
04 You can describe here the
topic of the section
 CONTENTS OF THIS TEMPLATE
Here’s what you’ll find in this Slidesgo template:

1. A slide structure based on a clinical case, which you can easily adapt to your needs. For more info on how to edit the
template, please visit Slidesgo School or read our FAQs.
2. An assortment of graphic resources that are suitable for use in the presentation can be found in the alternative
resources slides.
3. A thanks slide, which you must keep so that proper credits for our design are given.
4. A resources slide, where you’ll find links to all the elements used in the template.
5. Instructions for use.
6. Final slides with:
7. The fonts and colors used in the template.
8. A selection of illustrations. You can also customize and animate them as you wish with the online editor.
Visit Storyset to find more.
9. More infographic resources, whose size and color can be edited.
10. Sets of customizable icons of the following themes: general, business, avatar, creative process, education,
help & support, medical, nature, performing arts, SEO & marketing, and teamwork.

You can delete this slide when you’re done editing the presentation.
 THE
01 PATIENT
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
INTRODUCTION
You can give a brief description of the
topic you want to talk about here. For
example, if you want to talk about
Mercury, you can say that it’s the smallest
planet in the entire Solar System
 IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

JUPITER SATURN
Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings.
planet. It's the fourth-brightest object in It's composed mostly of hydrogen and
the night sky. It was named after the helium. It was named after the Roman god
Roman god of the skies and lightning of wealth and agriculture
 REVIEW OF SYSTEMS

MERCURY VENUS EARTH

It’s the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name Earth is the third planet from
Sun and the smallest one in and is the second planet the Sun and the only one
the Solar System from the Sun that harbors life
 PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
MERCURY NEPTUNE
It’s the closest planet to the Neptune is the farthest
Sun and the smallest one planet from the Sun

VENUS JUPITER
Venus has a beautiful name, Jupiter is the biggest planet
but also high temperatures in the Solar System

EARTH MARS
Earth is the third planet from Despite being red, Mars is
the Sun actually a cold place
A PICTURE IS
WORTH A
THOUSAND
WORDS
 FINDINGS
TREND MOST ABUSED DRUGS

24%

36%

58%

90%

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
 DISCUSSION

JOHN DOE MARK BONES

“Mercury was named after “Neptune is the
the Roman god of the skies fourth-largest planet in the
and lightning” Solar System”

JENNA DOE ALEX SMITH

“Venus has a beautiful name “Saturn has several rings.
and is the second planet It's composed mostly of
from the Sun” hydrogen and helium”
 DISCUSSION
SUMMARY

Venus has a nice name and is the

second planet from the Sun. It’s
terribly hot, even hotter than
Mercury, and its atmosphere is
extremely poisonous
 COMPARISON

MERCU
JUPITER VENUS SATURN MARS
RY
 DIAGNOSIS

01 02 03
MERCURY VENUS EARTH
Mercury is the closest Venus is the second Earth is the third
planet to the Sun planet from the Sun planet from the Sun

04 05 06
MARS SATURN NEPTUNE
Despite being red, Saturn is a gas giant Neptune is far away
Mars is a cold place and has several rings from Earth
AWESOM
E WORDS
TREATMENT

Venus has a beautiful name and is

the second planet from the Sun. It’s
terribly hot, even hotter than
Mercury, and its atmosphere is
extremely poisonous
It’s also the second-brightest natural
object in the night sky!
 PATIENT MONITORING

WEEK 1 WEEK 2 WEEK 3

MERCURY VENUS MARS
Mercury is the closest Venus has a beautiful Despite being red, Mars
planet to the Sun and the name and is the second is actually a cold place.
smallest one planet from the Sun It's full of iron oxide dust

5/7 3/7 4/7

CONTRAINDICATIONS & INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS INDICATIONS
● You can describe here a reason ● You can describe here a reason
to stop the treatment to start the treatment
● You can describe here a reason ● You can describe here a reason
to stop the treatment to start the treatment
● You can describe here a reason ● You can describe here a reason
to stop the treatment to start the treatment
 POST-PREVENTION
VENUS JUPITER
Venus has a nice Jupiter is a gas
80% name and is the 60% giant and the
second planet from biggest planet in
the Sun the Solar System

MERCURY MARS
Mercury is the It's full of iron
40% closest planet to 20% oxide dust, which
the Sun and the gives the planet its
smallest one reddish cast
REFERENCES
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication.
Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication.
Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication.
Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication.
Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication.
Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of the publication.
Publisher
 CASE TIMELINE

DAY 01 DAY 03

Mercury is the closest DAY 02 Earth is the third DAY 04

planet to the Sun and planet from the Sun
the smallest one in the Venus has a beautiful and the only one that Jupiter is a huge gas
Solar System name and is the harbors life giant and the biggest
second planet from the planet in the entire
Sun Solar System
CONCLUSIONS
Venus has a beautiful name and is the
second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly
hot, even hotter than Mercury, and its
atmosphere is extremely poisonous
OUR INTERNATIONAL TEAM

TIMMY JIMMY
You can talk a bit about this
person here

JOHN DOE
You can talk a bit about this
person here
MIKE
PATTERSON
You can talk a bit about this
person here
 Big numbers catch your
audience’s attention

150,000
 THANKS
Do you have any questions?
youremail@freepik.com
+91 620 421 838
yourcompany.com

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo,

including icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik
Please keep this slide for attribution
ADDICTION ICON PACK
ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES
 ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES
Here’s an assortment of alternative resources
whose style fits that of this template

PHOTOS ● Top view hand holding pills glass water

● Top view container with pills spelling
● Top view pills with surgical gloves letter
medical mask
● Top view multiple pills foils VECTORS
● Front view doctor with surgical gloves
holding medication syringe ● Drug-icons-collection
● High angle doctor holding rainbow
colored pills foil
 RESOURCES
Did you like the resources on this template? Get
them for free at our other websites:

VECTORS PHOTOS
● Harmful addictions line icons collection ● Selfie portrait videocall
with skull sick lungs drugs gambling ● Wooden spoon filled-with pills
mushrooms narcotic stethoscope
● Top view pill foils with copy space
ICONS ● Front view plastic container with pills
● Close up hand holding pills
● Addiction icon pack ● Close up collection tablets table