UP-PCS Prelims Test Series–2023

Question Booklet No.

iz'u iqfLrdk la[;k
dksM% UP(P)–2303
fo"k;% 2023
lhjh”k
lkekU; vè;;u&I

le;% 2 ?kaVs
C iw.kk±d% 200
viuk vuqØekad lkeus ckWDl esa
vadksa esa
vanj fy[ksa 'kCnksa esa
iz'uksa ds mÙkj ds fy;s dsoy dkys ckWy&IokbaV isu dk iz;ksx djsaA
vH;FkhZ mÙkj&i=kd ij mÙkj nsus ls igys lHkh vuqns'kksa dks lkoèkkuhiwoZd i<+ ysaA
vkidks vius lHkh mÙkj dsoy mÙkj&i=kd ij gh nsus gSaA ijh{kk ds mijkar mÙkj&i=kd dh ewy izfr fujh{kd dks lkSai nsaA
egÙoiw.kZ vuqns'k
1. lHkh iz'uksa ds mÙkj nsaA lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSaA
2. mÙkj&i=kd ij vH;FkhZ viuk vuqØekad] fo"k;] iz'u&i=k dk lgh dksM ,oa lhjh”k vafdr djsa vU;Fkk mÙkj&i=kd dk
ewY;kadu ugha fd;k tk,xk vkSj mldh f”kEesnkjh Lo;a vH;FkhZ dh gksxhA
3. bl ijh{k.k iqfLrdk esa 150 iz'u gSaA izR;sd iz'u ds (4) oSdfYid mÙkj iz'u ds uhps fn;s x, gSaA bu pkjksa esa ls
dsoy ,d gh lgh mÙkj gSA ftl mÙkj dks vki lgh ;k lcls mfpr le>rs gSa] mÙkj&i=kd esa mlds v{kj okys o`Ùk
dks dkys ckWy&IokWbaV isu ls iwjk dkyk dj nsaA
4. vuqØekad ds vykok ijh{k.k iqfLrdk ds doj ist ij dqN u fy[ksaA jiQ dk;Z ds fy;s ijh{k.k iqfLrdk ds var esa fn;s
x, rhu i`"Bksa dk iz;ksx djsaA
5. ijh{k.k iqfLrdk [kksyus ds rqjar ckn tk¡p djds ns[k ysa fd ijh{k.k iqfLrdk ds lHkh ist Hkyh&Hkk¡rh Nis gq, gSaA ;fn
ijh{k.k iqfLrdk esa dksbZ deh gks] rks fujh{kd dks fn[kkdj mlh lhjh”k o dksM dh nwljh iqfLrdk izkIr dj ysaA
6. xyr mÙkjksa ds fy;s n.M%
mÙkj&i=kd esa mEehnokj }kjk fn;s x, xyr mÙkjksa ds fy;s n.M fn;k tk,xkA
(i) izR;sd iz'u ds fy;s pkj oSdfYid mÙkj gSA mEehnokj }kjk izR;sd iz'u ds fy;s fn;s x, ,d xyr mÙkj ds fy;s
iz'u gsrq fu;r fd;s x, vadksa dk ,d&frgkbZ n.M ds :i esa dkVk tk,xkA
(ii) ;fn dksbZ mEehnokj ,d ls vfèkd mÙkj nsrk gS] rks bls xyr mÙkj ekuk tk,xk] ;|fi fn;s x, mÙkjksa esa ls ,d
mÙkj lgh gksrk gS] fiQj Hkh ml iz'u ds fy;s mi;qZDrkuqlkj gh mlh rjg dk n.M fn;k tk,xkA
(iii) ;fn mEehnokj }kjk dksbZ iz'u gy ugha fd;k tkrk gS vFkkZr~ mEehnokj }kjk mÙkj ugha fn;k tkrk gS] rks ml iz'u
ds fy;s dksbZ n.M ugha fn;k tk,xkA
tc rd vkidks ;g ijh{k.k iqfLrdk [kksyus dks u dgk tk, rc rd u [kksysaA
Note: English version of the instructions is printed on the back cover of this Booklet.
 1. Burzahom is a pre-settlement site which is located 1. cqtZgkse ,d çkxSfrgkfld LFky gS tks fLFkr gS
in (a) mÙkj çns'k esa
(a) Uttar Pradesh (b) gfj;k.kk esa
(b) Haryana
(c) iatkc esa
(c) Punjab
(d) d'ehj esa
(d) Kashmir
2. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
2. Match List–I with List–II and select the correct
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
answer from the code given below the lists.
List – I List – II
lwph&I lwph&II
(Dynasty) (Founder) (jktoa'k) (laLFkkid)
A. Rashtrakuta 1. Vijayalaya A. jk"VªdwV 1. fot;ky;
B. Pala 2. Dantidurga B. iky 2. nafrnqxZ
C. Chola 3. Vasudeva C. pksy 3. oklqnso
D. Chauhan 4. Gopala D. pkSgku 4. xksiky
Code:
dwV%
A B C D A B C D
(a) 1 4 3 2 (a) 1 4 3 2
(b) 2 4 1 3 (b) 2 4 1 3
(c) 3 2 4 1 (c) 3 2 4 1
(d) 4 3 1 2 (d) 4 3 1 2

3. Which among the following states recently organised 3. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl jkT; us gky gh esa c`gn~ ½.k esys
the Brihad loan mela? dk vk;kstu fd;k\
(a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Bihar (a) mÙkj çns'k (b) fcgkj
(c) Assam (d) Chhattisgarh (c) vle (d) NÙkhlx<+
4. What was India’s rank in the Hanley Passport Index 4. gsuys ikliksVZ lwpdkad] 2022 esa Hkkjr dh jSad D;k Fkh\
2022? (a) 85oha (b) 86oha
(a) 85th (b) 86th (c) 87oha (d) 88oha
(c) 87th (d) 88th
5. fuEufyf•r Mp&LFkkfir dkj•kuksa ij fopkj dhft;s vkSj
5. Consider the following Dutch-established factories mudks dkyØekuqlkj O;ofLFkr dhft;sA
and arrange them in chronological order:
1. fceyhiV~Ve 2. elwyhiV~Vue
1. Bimlipatam 2. Masulipatnam
3. dfjdky 4. fpulqjk
3. Karaikal 4. Chinsura
Select the correct answer from the code given below.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;sA
Code: dwV%
(a) 2, 1, 3 and 4 (a) 2, 1, 3 rFkk 4
(b) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2, 3 rFkk 4
(c) 4, 3, 2 and 4 (c) 4, 3, 2 rFkk 4
(d) 3, 4, 1 and 2 (d) 3, 4, 1 rFkk 2

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 2 2
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 6. With reference to modern Indian history, which of 6. vkèkqfud Hkkjrh; bfrgkl ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls
the following statements is/are correct? dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. The first revenue settlement in the Bombay 1. cacbZ MsDdu esa igyk jktLo cankscLr 1820 ds
Deccan was made in the 1820s.
n'kd esa fd;k x;k FkkA
2. The Cotton Supply Association was founded
2. o"kZ 1859 esa vgenkckn esa dikl vkiwfrZ la?k dh
in 1859 at Ahmedabad.
LFkkiuk gqbZ FkhA
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
7. On which of the following dates, the Communicable 7. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl frfFk dks mÙkj çns'k }kjk lapkjh
Disease Control and Dastak campaign was launched jksx fu;a=k.k ,oa nLrd vfHk;ku dk 'kqHkkjaHk fd;k x;k\
by Uttar Pradesh?
(a) 1 twu 2022 (b) 1 tqykbZ 2022
(a) 1st June 2022 (b) 1st July 2022
(c) 5 twu 2022 (d) 5 tqykbZ 2022
(c) 5th June 2022 (d) 5th July 2022
8. PARIMAN is related to 8. ifjeku (PARIMAN) lacafèkr gS
(a) Himalayan Region (a) fgeky;h {ks=k ls
(b) National Capital Region (b) jk"Vªh; jktèkkuh {ks=k ls
(c) North-Eastern Region (c) iwokZsÙkj {ks=k ls
(d) Coastal Region (d) rVh; {ks=k ls
9. The name of the Buddhist text that deals with 9. nk'kZfud fo"k;ksa ls lacafèkr ckS¼ xzaFk dk uke gS
Philosophical matters is
(a) f=kfiVd (b) fou; fiVd
(a) Tipitaka (b) Vinaya Pitaka
(c) vfHkèkEe fiVd (d) mi;ZqDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
(c) Abhidhamma Pitaka (d) None of the above
10. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
10. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the code given below the lists. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
List-I List-II lwph&I lwph&II
(Ruler) (Kingdom) ('kkld) (lkezkT;)
(A) Devapala 1. Pratihara A. nsoiky 1. çfrgkj
(B) Dantidurga 2. Pala B. nafrnqxZ 2. iky
(C) Bhoja 3. Rashtrakuta C. Hkkst 3. jk"VªdwV
(D) Prithviraj III 4. Chauhan
D. i`Fohjkt III 4. pkSgku
Code:
dwV%
A B C D A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4 (a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 2 3 1 4 (b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 3 1 2 4 (c) 3 1 2 4
(d) 2 1 3 4 (d) 2 1 3 4

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 3 3
Delhi Prayagraj Main Tonk Road, Vasundhara Colony, Jaipur

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 11. The ancient site of Lahuradeva is located in which 11. ygqjknso dk çkphu LFky mÙkj çns'k ds fdl f”kys esa
district of Uttar Pradesh? fLFkr gS\
(a) Agra (b) Sant Kabir Nagar (a) vkxjk (b) lar dchj uxj
(c) Aligarh (d) Ballia (c) vyhx<+ (d) cfy;k
12. Consider the following events of the reign of 12. eksgEen&fcu&rqxyd ds 'kkludky dh fuEufyf•r
Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq and arrange them in ?kVukvksa ij fopkj dhft;s vkSj mudks dkyØekuqlkj
chronological order: O;ofLFkr dhft;s%
1. Introduction of Token Currency 1. lkadsfrd eqæk dh 'kq#vkr
2. Qarachil Expedition 2. djkfpy vfHk;ku
3. Transfer of capital 3. jktèkkuh dk LFkkukarj.k
4. Taxation in the doab 4. nksvkc esa djkèkku
Select the correct answer from the code given below.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;sA
Code:
dwV%
(a) 4, 2, 1 and 3 (b) 3, 1, 4 and 2
(a) 4, 2, 1 rFkk 3 (b) 3, 1, 4 rFkk 2
(c) 4, 3, 1 and 2 (d) 2, 4, 3 and 1
(c) 4, 3, 1 rFkk 2 (d) 2, 4, 3 rFkk 1
13. At which of the following places Uttar Pradesh
13. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl LFkku ij mÙkj çns'k IykfLVd
Plastic Waste Management Conclave 2022 was
vif'k"V çcaèku dkWUDyso 2022 dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k\
organised?
(a) esguxj (b) vktex<+
(a) Mehnagar (b) Azamgarh
(c) y•uÅ (d) pankSyh
(c) Lucknow (d) Chandauli
14. ^fMftVy yksd vnkyr* ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa
14. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct
about ‘Digital Lok Adalat’?
esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
1. fMftVy yksd vnkyr dh 'kq#vkr ukylk (NALSA)
1. The Digital Lok Adalat was launched by the
NALSA chairman Justice D. Y. Chandrachud. ds rRdkyhu vè;{k U;k;ewfrZ Mh-okbZ- paæpwM+ us dh FkhA
2. India’s first digital Lok Adalat powered by 2. vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal vkSj CykWdpsu }kjk lapkfyr
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain was Hkkjr dh igyh fMftVy yksd vnkyr mÙkj çns'k
launched in Uttar Pradesh. esa 'kq: dh xbZA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

15. Which one of the following is correctly matched? 15. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk ,d lgh lqesfyr gS\
(a) Battle of St. Thome – 1748 (a) lsaV Fkkse dk ;q¼ & 1748
(b) Battle of Ambur – 1749 (b) vacqj dk ;q¼ & 1749
(c) Battle of Wandiwash – 1763 (c) okaMhok'k dk ;q¼ & 1763
(d) Battle of Bidara – 1757 (d) fcnkjk dk ;q¼ & 1757

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 4 4
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16. With reference to the Subsidiary Alliance, which of 16. lgk;d lafèk ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
the following statements is/are correct? dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Lord Wellesley introduced the Subsidiary
1. ykWMZ osyt
s yh us lgk;d lafèk ç.kkyh dh 'kq#vkr dhA
Alliance system.
2. gSnjkckn dk futke lcls igys vaxzs”kksa ds lkFk
2. The Nizam of Hyderabad was first to enter into
a subsidiary alliance with the English. lgk;d lafèk esa 'kkfey gqvkA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
17. Who among the following became the champion in
17. mÙkj çns'k ds vaMj&19 cSMfeaVu VwukZesaV esa iq#"k ,dy
the men’s single category in the under-19 badminton
tournament of Uttar Pradesh? oxZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu fotsrk cuk\
(a) Harshit Tomar (b) Prateek Srivastava (a) gf"kZr rksej (b) çrhd JhokLro
(c) Kapil Chaudhary (d) Neer Nehwal (c) dfiy pkSèkjh (d) uhj usgoky
18. Recently, Dr. Enamul Haque passed away, he was 18. gky gh esa MkW- bukeqy gd dk fuèku gqvk] og lacafèkr Fks
from
(a) Hkkjr ls (b) ckaXykns'k ls
(a) India (b) Bangladesh
(c) felz ls (d) vesfjdk ls
(c) Egypt (d) USA
19. tSu èkeZ ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku
19. With reference to the Jainism, which of the following
statements is/are correct? lgh gS@gSa\
1. The most important idea in Jainism is that every 1. tSu èkeZ esa lcls egÙoiw.kZ fopkj ;g gS fd çR;sd
element is a combination of material and rÙo HkkSfrd vkSj vkè;kfRed dkjdksa dk la;kstu gSA
spiritual factors. 2. ½"kHknso çFke rhFk±dj FksA
2. The first Tirthankara was Rishabhadeva.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code:
dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
20. During the Medieval India, the term ‘Nad Gavundas’ 20. eè;dkyhu Hkkjr esa ^ukn xoank* 'kCn lanfHkZr djrk gS
referred as (a) lSU; vfèkdkjh dks (b) iqtkjh dks
(a) Military officer (b) Priest
(c) dks"kkfèkdkjh dks (d) jktLo vfèkdkjh dks
(c) Treasury officer (d) Revenue officers
21. vgkj&cukl laLÑfr dk lacaèk Fkk
21. Ahar-Banas Culture belonged to
(a) iatkc ls
(a) Punjab
(b) Rajasthan (b) jktLFkku ls
(c) Uttar Pradesh (c) mÙkj çns'k ls
(d) Balochistan (d) cywfpLrku ls

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 5 5
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22. Arrange the following rulers of the Sayyid Dynasty 22. lSÕ;n oa'k ds fuEufyf•r 'kkldksa dks dkyØekuqlkj
in chronological order. O;ofLFkr dft;sA
1. Muhammad Shah 2. Alam Shah 1. eqgEen 'kkg 2. vkye 'kkg
3. Khizr Khan 4. Mubarak Shah 3. f•tz •ku 4. eqckjd 'kkg
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) 3, 2, 4, 1 (b) 4, 3, 1, 2
(a) 3, 2, 4, 1 (b) 4, 3, 1, 2
(c) 2, 4, 3, 1 (d) 3, 4, 1, 2
(c) 2, 4, 3, 1 (d) 3, 4, 1, 2
23. With reference to Startup ecosystem ranking 2022,
23. LVkVZ&vi bdksflLVe jSfa dax] 2022 ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r
which of the following statements is/are correct?
esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Uttar Pradesh has been included in the leader
category. 1. mÙkj çns'k dks yhMj Js.kh esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA

2. It was released by the NITI Aayog. 2. bls uhfr vk;ksx }kjk tkjh fd;k x;kA

Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;sA
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
24. Which of the following statements is NOT correct 24. 68osa jk"Vªh; fiQYe iqjLdkjksa ds lacaèk esa fuEufyf•r esa
regarding the 68th National Film Awards? ls dkSu&lk dFku lgh ugha gS\
(a) Asha Parekh was conferred with the Dadasaheb (a) vk'kk ikjs• dks nknk lkgc iQkYds iqjLdkj iznku
Phalke Award. fd;k x;kA
(b) Uttar Pradesh won the most Film Friendly State (b) mÙkj çns'k us lokZfèkd fiQYe ÚsM a yh LVsV dk iqjLdkj
award. thrkA
(c) Suriya won the best actor award for his film (c) lw;kZ us viuh fiQYe lksjkjbZ iksV: ds fy;s loZJs"B
Soorarai Pottru.
vfHkusrk dk iqjLdkj thrkA
(d) Manoj Muntashir won the award for Best Lyrics
(d) eukst eqarf'kj us fganh fiQYe ^lkbuk* ds fy;s loZJs"B
for the Hindi movie ‘Saina’.
xhrdkj dk iqjLdkj thrkA
25. Which of the following were the successor states of
25. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&ls eqxy çkar ds mÙkjkfèkdkjh jkT; Fks\
the Mughal province?
1. voèk 2. caxky
1. Awadh 2. Bengal
3. Hyderabad 4. Mysore 3. gSnjkckn 4. eSlwj

Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 rFkk 2
(b) Only 1, 2 and 3 (b) dsoy 1, 2 rFkk 3
(c) Only 3 and 4 (c) dsoy 3 rFkk 4
(d) Only 2, 3 and 4 (d) dsoy 2, 3 rFkk 4

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 6 6
Delhi Prayagraj Main Tonk Road, Vasundhara Colony, Jaipur

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26. With reference to the Summary Settlement of 1856, 26. 1856 ds ,deq'r cankscLr ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls
which of the following statements is/are correct? dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. It was the first British revenue settlement 1. ;g igyh fczfV'k yxku cankscLr ç.kkyh FkhA
system. 2. bldk ,d mís'; rkyqdnkjksa dk foLFkkiu FkkA
2. One of its aims was the dispossession of
taluqdars.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
dwV%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
Code:
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 27. ou egksRlo vfHk;ku mÙkj çns'k ds fdl f”kys esa 'kq:

27. The Van mahotsav campaign was started at which

fd;k x;k Fkk\
district of Uttar Pradesh? (a) lksuHkæ (b) fp=kdwV
(a) Sonbhadra (b) Chitrakoot (c) dkS'kkEch (d) eÅ
(c) Kaushambi (d) Mau 28. oYMZ ikWiqys'ku çkWLisDV~l] 2022 ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r
28. With reference to World Population Prospects 2022, esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. o"kZ 2025 ds nkSjku Hkkjr }kjk fo'o dh lcls
1. India is projected to surpass China as the vfèkd vkcknh okys ns'k ds :i esa phu dks ihNs
world’s most populous country during 2025. NksM+us dk vuqeku gSA
2. It is estimated that ten countries experienced a 2. ;g vuqeku gS fd nl ns'kksa ls o"kZ 2010 vkSj o"kZ
net outflow of more than 1 million migrants 2021 ds eè; dqy 1 fefy;u ls vfèkd çokfl;ksa
between 2010 and 2021. dk cfgZxeu gqvkA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
29. With reference to Buddhism, which of the following
29. ckS¼ èkeZ ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku
statements is/are correct?
lgh gS@gSa\
1. The first Buddhist council was held in the
2. igyh ckS¼ laxhfr jktx`g esa lIri.khZ xqiQk esa
Sattapani cave at Rajgriha.
vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA
2. Mahapajapati Gotami was the first woman to
be ordained as a bhikkhuni. 3. egkçtkifr xkSreh fHk{kq.kh cuus okyh igyh efgyk FkhaA

Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (a) dsoy 1
(b) Both 1 and 2 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (c) dsoy 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 7 7
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30. With reference to Chola Empire, which of the 30. pksy lkezkT; ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
following statements is/are correct? dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Vijyalaya Chola was founder of Chola dynasty. 1. fot;ky; pksy] pksy oa'k dk laLFkkid FkkA
2. The word Gangaikondachola means the king 2. xaxbZdksaMpksy 'kCn dk vFkZ gS og jktk ftlus xaxk
who conquered the Ganga. ij fot; çkIr dh FkhA
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code:
dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
31. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the code given below the lists. 31. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
List-I List-II uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
(Site) (River) lwph&I lwph&II
A. Harappa 1. Indus (LFky) (unh)
B. Mohenjodaro 2. Ravi A. gM+Iik 1. flaèkq
C. Bhagwanpura 3. Dasht B. eksgutksnM+ks 2. jkoh
D. Sutkangendor 4. Sarasvati C. Hkxokuiqj 3. nk'd
Code: D. lqRdkxsaMksj 4. ljLorh
A B C D
dwV%
(a) 1 2 3 4 A B C D
(b) 4 3 2 1 (a) 1 2 3 4
(c) 2 1 4 3 (b) 4 3 2 1
(d) 2 3 1 4 (c) 2 1 4 3
32. With reference to central administration under Delhi (d) 2 3 1 4
Sultanate, which of the following statements is/are 32. fnYyh lYrur ds vèkhu dsaæh; ç'kklu ds lanHkZ esa
correct? fuEufyf•r dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
1. The most powerful post of the Delhi 1. fnYyh ç'kklu dk lcls 'kfDr'kkyh in uk;c FkkA
administration was Naib.
2. cycu }kjk ^nhoku&,&vtZ* uked lSU; foHkkx dh
2. The military department, Diwan-i-Arz, was set
LFkkiuk dh xbZA
up by Balban.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
dwV%
Code:
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

33. At which of the following places Unique River Art 33. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl LFkku ij ;wfud fjoj vkVZ xSyjh
Gallery will be built? cukbZ tk,xh\
(a) Kanpur (b) Prayagraj (a) dkuiqj (b) ç;kxjkt
(c) Varanasi (d) Ballia (c) okjk.klh (d) cfy;k

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 8 8
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34. The UP government has signed a contract with which 34. mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us vFkZO;oLFkk dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s
of the following companies as a consultant to boost lykgdkj ds :i esa fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl daiuh ds
the economy? lkFk ,d vuqcaèk ij gLrk{kj fd;s gSa\
(a) Ernst & Young (a) vULVZ ,aM ;ax
(b) Deloitte India (b) MsykWbV bafM;k
(c) Boston Consultancy Group (c) cksLVu dalYVsalh xzqi
(d) Grant Thornton India (d) xzkaV FkkWuZVu bafM;k
35. Consider the following statements about the Treaty 35. o"kZ 1765 esa bykgkckn dh lafèk ds ckjs esa fuEufyf•r
of Allahabad in 1765. dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft;sA
1. Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula agreed to pay ₹80 lakh 1. uokc 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk us daiuh dks ;q¼ {kfriwfrZ ds
to the Company as war indemnity. :i esa ₹80 yk• nsus ij lgefr O;Dr dhA
2. Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula agreed to give Balwant
2. uokc 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk cukjl ds ”kehankj cyoar flag dks
Singh, Zamindar of Banaras, full possession of
viuh laifÙk dk iwjk vfèkdkj nsus ds fy;s lger gks x;kA
his estate.
3. 'kkg vkye f}rh; daiuh ds laj{k.k esa cekZ esa jgus
3. Shah Alam II agreed to reside in Burma under
ds fy;s lger gks x;kA
the Company’s protection.
4. uokc 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk us bykgkckn vkSj dkjk dks lezkV
4. Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula agreed to surrender
'kkg vkye f}rh; dks lkSia us ij lgefr O;Dr dhA
Allahabad and Kara to Emperor Shah Alam II.
uhps fn;s x, dwV dh lgk;rk ls lgh dFku dk p;u
Select the correct statements using the code given
dhft;sA
below.
dwV%
Code:
(a) 1 rFkk 2 (b) 3 rFkk 4
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4
(c) 2 rFkk 3 (d) 2 rFkk 4
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
36. With reference to modern Indian history, which of 36. vkèkqfud Hkkjrh; bfrgkl ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls
the following statements is/are correct? dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Shimla was founded during the course of the 1. f'keyk dh LFkkiuk xksj•k ;q¼ ds nkSjku gqbZ FkhA
Gurkha War. 2. o"kZ 1864 esa okbljkW; tkWu ykWjsal us vkfèkdkfjd
2. In 1864, the Viceroy John Lawrence officially rkSj ij viuh ifj"kn dks f'keyk esa LFkkukarfjr dj
moved his council to Shimla. fn;kA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
37. Which one of the followings is India’s largest 37. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k 'kkWfiax
shopping mall? ekWy gS\
(a) Citywalk (b) DLF Mall (a) flVhokWd (b) Mh-,y-,iQ- ekWy
(c) Lulu Mall (d) None of the above (c) yqyq ekWy (d) mi;ZqDr esa ls dksbZ ugha

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 9 9
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38. Recently, Kanaganahalli site was in news, it is 38. gky gh esa duxugYyh LFky •cjksa esa Fkk] ;g fLFkr gS
located in (a) mÙkj çns'k esa (b) dukZVd esa
(a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Karnataka (c) dsjy esa (d) egkjk"Vª esa
(c) Kerala (d) Maharashtra
39. Lrwiksa ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh
39. With reference to the Stupas, which of the following gS@gSa\
statements is/are correct?
1. budh mRifÙk ,d lkèkkj.k v¼Z&xksykdkj Vhys ds
1. They originated as a simple semi-circular
:i esa gqbZ] ftls ckn esa vaM dgk x;kA
mound of earth, later called Anda.
2. Lrwiksa dh jsfyax vkSj LraHkksa ij mRdh.kZ ys•ksa esa blds
2. Inscriptions found on the railings and pillars of
fuekZ.k gsrq fd;s x, nku dks vafdr fd;k x;k gSA
stupas record donations made for building.
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

40. Who was the founder of the Slave dynasty? 40. xqyke oa'k dk laLFkkid dkSu Fkk\
(a) Ruknuddin Firoz Shah (a) #duqíhu fiQjks”k 'kkg
(b) Iltutmish (b) bYrqrfe'k
(c) Qutub-ud-din Aibak (c) dqrqc&mn&nhu ,scd
(d) Aramshah (d) vkjke'kkg
41. Which of the following sites is the easternmost site 41. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk LFky flaèkq ?kkVh lH;rk dk
of the Indus Valley Civilisation? lcls iwohZ LFky gS\
(a) Mehrgarh (b) Mandi (a) esgjx<+ (b) eaMh
(c) Sarai Kola (d) Alamgirpur (c) ljk; dksyk (d) vkyexhjiqj
42. Who translated the 1300 Sanskrit manuscripts into
42. Tokykeq•h eafnj iqLrdky; ls lqYrku fiQjks”k 'kkg rqxyd
Persian which was brought by Sultan Firoz Shah
}kjk yk, x, 1300 laLÑr ikaMqfyfi;ksa dk iQkjlh esa
Tughlaq from the Jawalamukhi temple library?
vuqokn fdlus fd;k\
(a) Arizuddin Khan
(a) vfj”kqíhu •ku
(b) Shihabuddin-al-Umari
(b) f'kckmnnhu&vy&mejh
(c) Shams-I-Shiraj Afif
(c) 'kEl&,&fljkt viQhiQ
(d) Amir Khusro
(d) vkfej •qljks
43. Which of the following has become the first railway
division in the country where the maximum speed 43. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk fMohtu ns'k dk igyk jsyos
of mail-express trains operated has reached 130 fMoh”ku cu x;k gS tgk¡ lapkfyr esy&,Dlçsl Vªsuksa dh
kmph? vfèkdre xfr 130 fdeh- çfr ?kaVs rd igq¡p xbZ gS\
(a) Nagpur Division (b) Pune Division (a) ukxiqj fMohtu (b) iq.ks fMohtu
(c) Bhusawal Division (d) Prayagraj Division (c) Hkqlkoy fMohtu (d) ç;kxjkt fMohtu

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44. Who is the recipient of the Global Energy Prize 44. oSf'od ÅtkZ iqjLdkj] 2022 dk çkIrdÙkkZ dkSu gS\
2022? (a) vjfoan okfy;k
(a) Arvind Walia (b) v{k; osadVs'k
(b) Akshay Venkatesh (c) dkSf'kd jkt'ks•j
(c) Kaushik Rajashekara
(d) ç'kkar çtkifr
(d) Prashant Prajapati
45. fuEufyf•r ?kVukvksa ij fopkj dhft;s rFkk mudks
45. Consider the following events and arrange them in
dkyØekuqlkj O;ofLFkr dhft;sA
chronological order.
I. lwjr dh lafèk II. iqjanj dh lafèk
I. Treaty of Surat II. Treaty of Purandhar
III. lkyckbZ dh lafèk IV. csflu dh lafèk
III. Treaty of Salbai IV. Treaty of Bassein
Select the correct answer from the code given below.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) III, I, II and IV (b) I, III, IV and II (a) III, I, II rFkk IV (b) I, III, IV rFkk II
(c) I, II, III and IV (d) III, I, IV and II (c) I, II, III rFkk IV (d) III, I, IV rFkk II

46. Arrange the following events in the history of India 46. Hkkjrh; bfrgkl dh fuEufyf•r ?kVukvksa dks dkyØekuqlkj
in chronological order. O;ofLFkr dhft;sA
1. Peasant movement in Bardoli 1. ckjnksyh esa fdlku vkanksyu
2. Congress Ministries resign 2. dkWUxzsl eaf=k;ksa dk bLrhiQk
3. Gandhi-Irwin Pact 3. xkaèkh&bjfou le>kSrk
4. Second Round Table Conference 4. f}rh; xksyest lEesyu
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) 1, 3, 4, 2 (a) 1, 3, 4, 2
(b) 2, 3, 4, 1 (b) 2, 3, 4, 1
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1
(d) 3, 4, 2, 1
(d) 3, 4, 2, 1
47. According to ‘India Innovation Index – 2021’, what
47. ^Hkkjr uokpkj lwpdkad&2021* ds vuqlkj mÙkj çns'k dk
is the rank of Uttar Pradesh?
LFkku D;k gS\
(a) 7th (b) 8th
(a) 7ok¡ (b) 8ok¡
(c) 9th (d) 10th
(c) 9ok¡ (d) 10ok¡
48. In which category, Bhagwani Devi had won a gold
medal for India in the World Masters Athletics 48. fo'o ekLVlZ ,FkysfVDl pSafi;uf'ki&2022 esa Hkxokuh
Championship-2022? nsoh us fdl Js.kh esa Hkkjr ds fy;s Lo.kZ ind thrk\
(a) 100m sprint (a) 100 ehVj fLçaV
(b) 200m sprint (b) 200 ehVj fLçaV
(c) 10m air pistol (c) 10 ehVj ,;j fiLVy
(d) 10m air rifle (d) 10 ehVj ,;j jkbiQy
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49. With reference to the rules of marriage in ancient 49. çkphu Hkkjr esa fookg fu;eksa ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa
India, which of the following statements is/are ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
correct? 1. xks=k ç.kkyh] fookgksa esa lxks=k fookg dks lqfuf'pr
1. The gotra system was meant to ensure djus ds fy;s FkhA
endogamy in marriages.
2. èkeZ'kkL=kksa esa of.kZr fu;e lekt ds lHkh oxks± ij
2. The rules mentioned in the Dharmashastras
ckè;dkjh FksA
were binding on all sections of the society.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code:
dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

50. Match List–I with List–II and select the correct 50. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
answer from the code given below the lists. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
(List-I) (List-II) lwph&I lwph&II
(Officer) (Related to) (vfèkdkjh) (ls lacafèkr)
A. Sarai Adl 1. Cloth and groceries market A. ljk; vny 1. diM+k vkSj fdjkuk ck”kkj
B. Shahna-i–Mandi 2. Superintendent of market B. 'kkguk&,&eaMh 2. ck”kkj vèkh{kd
C. Barid 3. Intelligence officer C. cjhn 3. •qfiQ;k vfèkdkjh
D. Munhiyans 4. Secret Spies
D. eqfUg;k¡ 4. xqIr tklwl
Code:
dwV%
A B C D A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4 (a) 2 1 3 4
(b) 3 2 4 1 (b) 3 2 4 1
(c) 1 2 3 4 (c) 1 2 3 4
(d) 4 1 3 2 (d) 4 1 3 2

51. Match List–I with List–II and select the correct 51. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
answer from the code given below the lists. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
List-I List-II lwph&I lwph&II
(Archaeological Site) (District) (iqjkrkfRod LFky) (f”kyk)
A. Alamgirpur 1. Meerut A. vkyexhjiqj 1. esjB
B. Baragaon 2. Baghpat B. cM+kxk¡o 2. ckxir
C. Sanauli 3 Saharanpur C. lukSyh 3. lgkjuiqj
D. Kalpi 4. Jalaun D. dkYih 4. tkykSu
Code:
dwV%
A B C D A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4 (a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 2 1 3 4 (b) 2 1 3 4
(c) 3 1 2 4 (c) 3 1 2 4
(d) 1 3 2 4 (d) 1 3 2 4

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 12 12
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52. Which of the following rulers has the title of 52. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl 'kkld ds f'kykys•ksa ij xtscrsdkjk
Gajabetekara on his inscriptions? dh mikfèk gS\
(a) Deva Raya I (a) nso jk; çFke
(b) Deva Raya II (b) nso jk; f}rh;
(c) Sikandar Lodhi (c) fldanj yksnh
(d) Krishna Deva Raya
(d) Ñ".k nso jk;
53. Who among the following can avail the benefits of
53. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu ^iafMr nhun;ky mikè;k; jkT;
‘Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay State Employees
deZpkjh dS'kysl fpfdRlk ;kstuk* dk ykHk çkIr dj
Cashless Medical Scheme’?
ldrs gSa\
(a) Grade A employees of state
(a) jkT; ds xzsM , ds deZpkjh
(b) All employees of state
(b) jkT; ds lHkh deZpkjh
(c) Grade B employees of state
(c) jkT; ds xzsM ch deZpkjh
(d) Grade A and B employees of state
(d) jkT; ds xzsM , vkSj ch deZpkjh
54. With reference to the 44th Chess Olympiad, which
of the following statement(s) is/are correct? 54. 44osa 'krjat vksyafi;kM ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa
th
1. The 44 Chess Olympiad was organized in esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
Odisha. 1. 44ok¡ 'krjat vksyafi;kM vksfM'kk esa vk;ksftr fd;k
2. This has been hosted in India for the first time x;kA
and in Asia after 30 years. 2. ;g Hkkjr esa igyh ckj vkSj ,f'k;k esa 30 o"kks± ds
3. In the women section, India won the gold ckn vk;ksftr dh xbZA
medal. 3. efgyk oxZ esa Hkkjr us Lo.kZ ind thrkA
4. FIDE has instituted the Chess Olympiad Torch 4. ,iQ-vkbZ-Mh-bZ- us igyh ckj 'krjat vksyafi;kM e'kky
for the first time. dh LFkkiuk dh gSA
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code:
dwV%
(a) 1 and 2
(a) 1 rFkk 2
(b) 2 and 4
(b) 2 rFkk 4
(c) 3 and 1
(c) 3 rFkk 1
(d) 2 and 3
(d) 2 rFkk 3
55. Which one of the following pairs is NOT correctly
matched? 55. fuEufyf•r ;qXeksa esa ls dkSu&lk ,d lgh lqesfyr ugha gS\
State Signed Subsidiary Alliance in jkT; lgk;d lafèk ij gLrk{kj dk o"kZ
(a) Mysore – 1799 (a) eSlwj & 1799
(b) Tanjore – 1797 (b) ratkSj & 1797
(c) Awadh – 1801 (c) voèk & 1801
(d) Jodhpur – 1818 (d) tksèkiqj & 1818

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 13 13
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56. With reference to Malabar Rebellion, which of the 56. ekykckj foæksg ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
following statements is/are correct? dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Malabar Rebellion of 1921 had been an uprising 1. o"kZ 1921 dk ekykckj foæksg] fczfV'k 'kkldksa vkSj
of Muslim tenants against British rulers and LFkkuh; fganw tehankjksa ds f•ykiQ gksus okyk eqfLye
local Hindu landlords. dk'rdkjksa dk foæksg FkkA
2. The Malabar Rebellion is considered as a 2. ekykckj foæksg dks èkkfeZd foæksg ds :i esa Hkh
religious revolt. of.kZr fd;k x;k gSA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
57. With reference to PIVOT, which of the following 57. PIVOT ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku
statements is/are correct? lgh gS@gSa\
1. It is an initiative of IIT Delhi. 1. ;g Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku fnYyh dh ,d igy gSA
2. It can predict cancer-causing genes in an 2. ;g fdlh O;fDr esa dSalj mRiUu djus okys thu
individual. dh Hkfo";ok.kh dj ldrk gSA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
58. Who has launched the India’s first International 58. Hkkjr dk igyk varjkZ"Vªh; cqfy;u ,Dlpsat fdlus ykWUp
Bullion Exchange? fd;k\
(a) Nirmala Sitaraman (a) fueZyk lhrkje.k
(b) Narendra Modi (b) ujsaæ eksnh
(c) Rajnath Singh (c) jktukFk flag
(d) Acharya Devvrat (d) vkpk;Z nsoozr
59. Which of the following are Mahajanapadas 59. ckS¼ vkSj tSu xzaFkksa esa fuEufyf•r esa ls fdu egktuinksa
mentioned in Buddhist and Jain texts ? dk mYys• gS\
1. Taxila 2. Malla 1. r{kf'kyk 2. eYy
3. Kamboja 4. Surasena 3. dEckst 4. 'kwjlsu
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 rFkk 2
(b) Only 1, 2 and 3 (b) dsoy 1, 2 rFkk 3
(c) Only 3 and 4 (c) dsoy 3 rFkk 4
(d) Only 2, 3 and 4 (d) dsoy 2, 3 rFkk 4

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 14 14
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60. Consider the following Medieval Kingdoms and 60. fuEufyf•r eè;dkyhu lkezkT;ksa ij fopkj dhft;s vkSj
arrange these in chronological order in terms of their mUgsa muds xBu ds lanHkZ esa dkyØekuqlkj O;ofLFkr
formation. dhft;sA
I. Mamluk II. Khalji I. ekeyqd II. f•yth
III. Sayyid IV. Tughlaq III. lS;n IV. rqxyd
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) I, II, III and IV (a) I, II, III rFkk IV
(b) I, II, IV and III (b) I, II, IV rFkk III
(c) III, II, I and IV (c) III, II, I rFkk IV
(d) IV, II, III and I (d) IV, II, III rFkk I
61. With reference to the Indus Valley Civilization, 61. flaèkq ?kkVh lH;rk ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa esa ls
which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
1. Chanhudaro was discovered by N.G. Majumdar. 1. pUgwnM+ks dh •kst ,u-th- etwenkj us dh FkhA
2. Rangpur is located in Punjab. 2. jaxiqj iatkc esa fLFkr gSA
3. Mohenjodaro has been interpreted as “Mound 3. eksgutksnM+ks dh O;k[;k ¶e`rdksa ds Vhys¸ ds :i
of Dead”. esa dh xbZ gSA
4. The site of Rakhigarhi was discovered in 1969. 4. jk•hx<+h LFky dh •kst o"kZ 1969 esa gqbZ FkhA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 3 and 4 (a) 1 rFkk 3 (b) 3 rFkk 4
(c) 2 and 4 (d) 1, 3 and 4 (c) 2 rFkk 4 (d) 1, 3 rFkk 4
62. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as 62. uhps nks oDrO; fn;s x, gSa] ,d dks vfHkdFku (A) rFkk
Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). nwljs dks dkj.k (R) dgk x;k gSA
Assertion (A): Alauddin Khalji introduced several vfHkdFku (A)% vykmíhu f•yth us viuh vofèk ds
market reforms during his period. nkSjku dbZ ck”kkj lqèkkj çLrqr fd;sA
Reason (R): He needed to maintain the large dkj.k (R)% mls cM+h LFkk;h lsuk cuk, j•us dh
standing army. vko';drk FkhA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct (a) (A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (R)] (A) dh lgh
explanation of (A) O;k[;k gS
(b) (A) is true but (R) is false (b) (A) lgh gS ijarq (R) xyr gS
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the (c) (A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa ijarq (R)] (A) dk lgh
correct explanation of (A) O;k[;k ugha gS
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true (d) (A) xyr gS ijarq (R) lgh gS

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 15 15
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63. Recently the Government of Uttar Pradesh has been 63. gky gh esa mÙkj çns'k ljdkj fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl
promoting exports to achieve which of the following vkfFkZd y{; dks çkIr djus ds fy;s fu;kZr dks c<+kok
economic goals? ns jgh gS\
(a) $1.5 trillion economy (a) 1.5 fVªfy;u MkWyj dh vFkZO;oLFkk
(b) $1 trillion economy (b) 1 fVªfy;u MkWyj dh vFkZO;oLFkk
(c) $1.75 trillion economy (c) 1.75 fVªfy;u MkWyj dh vFkZO;oLFkk
(d) $2 trillion economy (b) 2 fVªfy;u MkWyj dh vFkZO;oLFkk
64. Which of the following ministries recently organised
64. gky gh esa fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl ea=kky; us xksok esa
the ‘Ujjwal Bharat- Ujjwal Bhavishya’ festival in
^mTToy Hkkjr&mTtoy Hkfo";* mRlo dk vk;kstu fd;k\
Goa?
(a) ÅtkZ ea=kky;
(a) Ministry of Power
(b) f'k{kk ea=kky;
(b) Ministry of Education
(c) efgyk ,oa cky fodkl ea=kky;
(c) Ministry of Women and Child Development
(d) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (d) uohu ,oa uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ ea=kky;

65. Which of the following books is written by Bankim 65. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lh iqLrd cafde paæ pV~Vksikè;k;
Chandra Chattopadhyay? }kjk fy•h xbZ gS\
(a) Unhappy India (b) Hind Swaraj (a) vugSIih bafM;k (b) fgan Lojkt
(c) Golden Threshold (d) Anandamath (c) xksYMu FkzslgksYM (d) vkuaneB
66. With reference to Raja Ram Mohan Roy, which of 66. jktk jke eksgu jk; ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa esa ls
the following statement(s) is/are correct? dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
1. He was greatly influenced by Indian Vedic 1. og Hkkjrh; oSfnd fopkjksa ls cgqr çHkkfor FksA
thoughts. 2. budh igyh çdkf'kr Ñfr] ^thcupfjr* FkhA
2. His first published work was ‘Jeebancharit’. 3. bUgksaus efgykvksa dh eqfDr dh fn'kk esa dk;Z fd;kA
3. He worked for the emancipation of women. 4. czã lekt vkèkqfud Hkkjr dk igyk ckSf¼d lqèkkj
4. Brahmo Samaj was the first intellectual reform vkanksyu FkkA
movement of modern India.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
dwV%
Code:
(a) 3 rFkk 4 (b) 1 rFkk 2
(a) 3 and 4 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4 (c) 2 rFkk 3 (d) 2 rFkk 4

67. In July 2022, which among the following countries 67. tqykbZ 2022 esa] fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl ns'k us ;wjks dks
gave approval to adopt Euro as its currency? viuh eqæk ds :i esa viukus dh LohÑfr nh\
(a) Iceland (b) Croatia (a) vkblySaM (b) Øks,f'k;k
(c) Albania (d) Serbia (c) vYckfu;k (d) lfcZ;k
68. Which edition of Agricultural Census was conducted 68. o"kZ 2021&22 esa Ñf"k tux.kuk dk dkSu&lk laLdj.k
in 2021-22? vk;ksftr fd;k x;k\
(a) 11th (b) 12th (a) 11ok¡ (b) 12ok¡
(c) 10th (d) 13th (c) 10ok¡ (d) 13ok¡

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 16 16
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69. With reference to ancient Indian texts, which of the 69. çkphu Hkkjrh; lkfgR;ksa ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls
following statements is/are correct? dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. The Tamil epic Silappadikaram, was composed 1. rfey egkdkO;] f'kyIikfndkje lÙkukj }kjk jfpr FkkA
by Sattanar.
2. iqjk.kksa esa dsoy l`f"V dh jpuk vkSj l`f"V dh çfØ;k
2. The Purana conation accounts about the
esa lfEefyr nsorkvksa ds ckjs esa gh o.kZu gSA
creation of the world and the gods involved in
the process of creation only. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
dwV%
Code: (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 70. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl 'kkld us ^xqy#•h* miuke uke
70. Which of the following rulers adopted a pen name viuk;k\
‘Gulrukhi’? (a) bYrqrfe'k (b) vykmíhu f•yth
(a) Iltutmish (b) Alauddin Khalji (c) fiQjkst 'kkg rqxyd (d) fldanj yksnh
(c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq (d) Sikandar Lodi
71. ½Xosn esa xk;=kh ea=k dk mYys• gqvk gS
71. In the Rigveda, the Gayatri mantra is mentioned in (a) igys eaMy esa (b) nwljs eaMy esa
the
(c) rhljs eaMy esa (d) ik¡posa eaMy esa
(a) First Mandal (b) Second Mandal
(c) Third Mandal (d) Fifth Mandal 72. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&ls nks lgh lqesfyr gSa\

72. Which two of the following are correctly matched?

iqLrd ys•d
Book Author 1. fdrkc&my&jsgyk & bCucrwrk
1. Kitab-ul-Rehla – Ibn Battutah 2. rqxyd&ukek & f”k;k;qíhu
2. Tughlaq-Nama – Ziauddin Barani 3. 'kkg ukek & fiQjnkSlh
3. Shah Namah – Firdausi 4. rgdhd&,&fgan & vcq cdj
4. Tahqiq-I-Hind – Abu Bakr uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below: dwV%
Code: (a) 1 rFkk 3
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 rFkk 4
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 1 rFkk 4
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 2 rFkk 3
(d) 2 and 3
73. gky gh esa mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us cqansy•aM {ks=k esa fdrus
73. Recently Uttar Pradesh government decided to
fdyksa dks fodflr djus ds fy;s ,d dk;Z ;kstuk rS;kj
prepare an action plan to develop how many forts
in the Bundelkhand region?
djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gS\
(a) 34 (a) 34
(b) 33 (b) 33
(c) 35 (c) 35
(d) 31 (d) 31

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74. With reference to newly elected President of India, 74. Hkkjr ds uofuokZfpr jk"Vªifr ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa
which of the following statements is/are correct? ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Smt Droupadi Murmu was elected as the 14th 1. Jherh ækSinh eqeZw dks Hkkjr ds 14osa jk"Vªifr vkSj
President and first tribal President of India. igys vkfnoklh jk"Vªifr ds :i esa pquk x;k FkkA
2. She defeated the opposition candidate Sri
2. mUgksaus foi{kh mEehnokj Jh ;'koar flUgk dks dqy
Yashwant Sinha by winning 64.03% of the total
erksa dk 64.03% thrdj gjk;kA
votes pulled.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code:
dwV%
(a) Only 1 (a) dsoy 1
(b) Both 1 and 2 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (c) dsoy 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
75. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct 75. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
answer from the code given below the lists. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
List – I List – II lwph&I lwph&II
(Tribal Uprising/Rebellion) (Year) (vkfnoklh foæksg@foIyo) (o"kZ)
A. Kol Uprisings 1. 1831 A. dksy foæksg 1. 1831
B. Kharwar Rebellion 2. 1855
B. •jokj foæksg 2. 1855
C. Santhal Rebellion 3. 1870
C. laFkky foæksg 3. 1870
D. Chuar Uprisings 4. 1776
D. pqvkj foæksg 4. 1776
Code:
A B C D
dwV%
A B C D
(a) 1 3 2 4
(a) 1 3 2 4
(b) 1 2 3 4 (b) 1 2 3 4
(c) 2 1 4 3 (c) 2 1 4 3
(d) 4 3 1 2 (d) 4 3 1 2
76. With reference to socio-religious reforms, which of 76. lkekftd&èkkfeZd lqèkkjksa ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls
the following statements is/are correct? dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. The Satnami movement in Central India was
1. eè; Hkkjr esa lrukeh vkanksyu dh 'kq#vkr ?kklhnkl
founded by Ghasidas.
}kjk dh xbZ FkhA
2. Satyashodhak Samaj was founded by Jyotiba
2. lR;'kksèkd lekt dh LFkkiuk T;ksfrck iQqys us dh FkhA
Phule.
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (a) dsoy 1
(b) Both 1 and 2 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (c) dsoy 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 18 18
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77. Which of the following two destinations of India are 77. Hkkjr ds fuEufyf•r dkSu&ls nks LFky 2022 ds ¶fo'o
included in the list of “World’s Greatest Places of ds loZJs"B LFkyksa¸ dh lwph esa lfEefyr gSa\
2022”?
(a) rfeyukMq] eqacbZ
(a) Tamil Nadu, Mumbai
(b) mÙkjk•aM] t;iqj
(b) Uttarakhand, Jaipur
(c) fgekpy çns'k] y•uÅ
(c) Himachal Pradesh, Lucknow
(d) Kerala, Ahmedabad (d) dsjy] vgenkckn

78. With reference to the Medical Termination of 78. xHkZ dk fpfdRldh; lekiu vfèkfu;e ds lanHkZ esa
Pregnancy Act which of the following statements(s) fuEufyf•r dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
is/are correct? 1. bl vfèkfu;e ds rgr] dsoy fookfgr efgyk }kjk
1. Under the Act, a pregnancy may be terminated 20 lIrkg rd dk xHkZ lekIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
up to 20 weeks by a married woman only.
2. Hkzw.k vlkekU;rkvksa ds ekeys esa 24 lIrkg ds ckn
2. Opinion of the State-level Medical Board is
xHkkZoLFkk dks lekIr djus ds fy;s jkT;&Lrjh;
essential for a pregnancy to be terminated after
esfMdy cksMZ dh jk; ysuk vko';d gSA
24 weeks in case of substantial fetal
abnormalities. 3. gky gh esa lokZsPp U;k;ky; us 22 lIrkg rd ds
3. Recently the Supreme Court has allowed xHkZ dk xHkZikr djus dh vuqefr nh gSA
abortion of pregnancies up to 22 weeks. 4. ;g vfèkfu;e lrr~ fodkl y{;ksa (SDGs) 3 vkSj
4. The Act will help to meet the Sustainable 5 dks iwjk djus esa enn djsxkA
Development Goals (SDGs) 3 and 5.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below: dwV%
Code:
(a) 1 rFkk 2
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 rFkk 4
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 rFkk 4
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 2 and 3 (d) 2 rFkk 3

79. With respect to the Sangam age, which of the 79. laxe dky ds lacaèk esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
following statements is/are correct? dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. The Tolkappiyam is the earliest compendium 1. rksydkfIi;e] rfey O;kdj.k dk lcls iqjkuk laxgz gSA
of Tamil grammar. 2. bl dky esa efgykvksa dks viuk thou lkFkh pquus
2. Women were allowed to choose their life dh vuqefr FkhA
partners during this time period.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
dwV%
Code:
(a) Only 1 (a) dsoy 1
(b) Both 1 and 2 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (c) dsoy 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

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80. With reference to the ancient Indian history, which 80. çkphu Hkkjrh; bfrgkl ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa esa
of the following statements is/are correct? ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
1. The Shakas, who came from Central Asia, were 1. eè; ,f'k;k ls vk, 'kdksa dks eysPN dgk tkrk FkkA
regarded as Mlechchhas. 2. laLÑr xzaFkksa vkSj f'kykys•ksa us O;kikfj;ksa dks ukfer
2. Sanskrit texts and inscriptions used the term djus ds fy;s ^of.kd* 'kCn dk mi;ksx fd;kA
‘Vanik’ to designate merchants.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
dwV%
Code:
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
81. ½XoSfnd dky ds nkSjku ^r{k* 'kCn lanfHkZr djrk Fkk
81. During the Rig Vedic period, the term Taksha
referred to (a) èkkrqdehZ dks (b) c<+bZ dks
(a) Metal Worker (b) Carpenter (c) lkgwdkj dks (d) ukfod dks
(c) Money lender (d) Boatmen 82. uhps nks dFku fn;s x, gSa] ,d dks vfHkdFku (A) rFkk
82. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as nwljs dks dkj.k (R) dgk x;k gSA
Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). vfHkdFku (A)% dbZ jktiwr 'kkldksa us vdcj ds lkFk
Assertion (A): Many Rajput rulers established oSokfgd lacaèk LFkkfir fd;sA
matrimonial alliances with Akbar. dkj.k (R)% vdcj dh jktiwr uhfr O;kid :i ls
Reason (R): Akbar’s Rajput policy was combined èkkfeZd lfg".kqrk ls tqM+h FkhA
with broad religious tolerance. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below: dwV%
Code: (a) (A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (R)] (A) dh lgh
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct O;k[;k gS
explanation of (A) (b) (A) lgh gS] ijarq (R) xyr gS
(b) (A) is true but (R) is false (c) (A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa] ijarq (R)] (A) dh lgh
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the O;k[;k ugha gS
correct explanation of (A)
(d) (A) xyr gS] ijarq (R) lgh gS
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true
83. uohure vk¡dM+ksa ds vuqlkj] fgjklr esa gksus okyh ekSrksa
83. As per the latest data, which one of the following
dh la[;k fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl jkT; esa lcls vfèkd gS\
states has the highest number of custodial deaths?
(a) fcgkj (b) if'pe caxky
(a) Bihar (b) West Bengal
(c) mÙkj çns'k (d) jktLFkku
(c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Rajasthan
84. felz us fdl Hkkjrh; daiuh ds lkFk Los”k ugj vkfFkZd
84. Egypt has signed a Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) with which Indian company to build a green {ks=k esa ,d gfjr gkbMªkstu dkj•kus dk fuekZ.k djus ds
hydrogen factory in the Suez Canal Economic Zone? fy;s ,d le>kSrk Kkiu (MoU) ij gLrk{kj fd;s gSa\
(a) Vikram Solar (a) foØe lksyj
(b) Greenko (b) xzhudks
(c) Hero Future Energies (c) ghjks Ý;wpj ,uthZ”k
(d) ReNew Power (d) fjU;w ikoj

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85. At which of the following places Khan Bahadur led 85. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl LFkku ij •ku cgknqj us 1857
the Revolt of 1857? ds foæksg dk usr`Ùo fd;k Fkk\
(a) Bareilly (a) cjsyh
(b) Faizabad (b) iQStkckn
(c) Baghpat (c) ckxir
(d) Delhi (d) fnYyh
86. Which one of the following changes was made by 86. o"kZ 1937 esa lÙkk esa vkus ij dkWUxzsl }kjk fuEufyf•r
the Congress when it came to power in 1937? esa ls dkSu&lk cnyko fd;k x;k Fkk\
(a) Lifted restrictions on press (a) çsl ls çfrcaèk gVk;k x;k
(b) Tightened curbs on civil liberties (b) ukxfjd Lora=krk ij çfrcaèkksa dks l[r fd;k x;k
(c) Political revolutionaries were imprisoned (c) jktuhfrd Økafrdkfj;ksa dks tsy esa Mky fn;k x;k
(d) Banned several illegal organisations (d) dbZ voSèk laxBuksa ij çfrcaèk yxk;k x;k
87. According to NIRF Ranking 2022, which institution 87. ,u-vkbZ-vkj-,iQ- jSafdax] 2022 ds vuqlkj fdl laLFkk dks
has got the first position? çFke LFkku çkIr gqvk gS\
(a) JNU, Delhi (a) ts-,u-;w-] fnYyh
(b) IIT Madras (b) vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh-] eækl
(c) IISc, Bengaluru (c) vkbZ-vkbZ-,l-lh-] caxyw#
(d) IIT Delhi (d) vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh-] fnYyh
88. Which among the following has published the report 88. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlus ¶dkWLV&vkWiQ&fyfoax Økbfll
“Cost-of-Living Crisis in Developing Countries”? bu Msoyfiax daVªh”k¸ fjiksVZ çdkf'kr dh gS\
(a) World Economic Forum (a) fo'o vkfFkZd eap
(b) United Nations Development Programme (b) la;qDr jk"Vª fodkl dk;ZØe
(c) Amnesty International (c) ,eusLVh baVjus'kuy
(d) Transparency Intenational (d) Vªkalisjsalh baVjus'kuy
89. In which of the following languages/scripts the 89. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl Hkk"kk@fyfi esa v'kksd ds f'kykys•
Ashokan inscriptions were inscribed? mRdh.kZ fd;s x, Fks\
1. Prakrit 1. çkÑr
2. Sanskrit 2. laLÑr
3. Aramaic 3. vkjekbZd
4. Brahmi 4. czkãh
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 rFkk 2
(b) Only 1, 2 and 3 (b) dsoy 1, 2 rFkk 3
(c) Only 3 and 4 (c) dsoy 3 rFkk 4
(d) Only 1, 3 and 4 (d) dsoy 1, 3 rFkk 4

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 21 21
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90. With reference to Sufism, which of the following 90. lwiQhokn ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@
statement(s) is/are correct? ls lgh gS@gSa\
1. The Sufis did not reject the elaborate rituals 1. lwfiQ;ksa us eqfLye èkkfeZd fo}kuksa }kjk cuk, x,
and codes of behaviour demanded by Muslim foLr`r vuq"Bkuksa vkSj vkpkj lafgrk dks vLohdkj
religious scholars.
ugha fd;kA
2. They developed elaborate methods of training
2. bUgksaus ^ftØ* dk mi;ksx dj çf'k{k.k ds foLr`r
using ‘zikr’.
rjhds fodflr fd;sA
3. A large number of Sufis from Central Asia
settled in Hindustan from the twelfth century 3. ckjgoha 'krkCnh ds ckn eè; ,f'k;k ls vkus okys
onwards. lwiQh cM+h la[;k esa fganqLrku esa gh cl x,A
4. The Sufi masters held their assemblies in their 4. lwiQh larksa us viuh lHkkvksa dk vk;kstu vius
khanqahs or hospices. •kudkgksa ;k èkeZ'kkykvksa esa fd;kA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 4 (a) 1 rFkk 3 (b) 2 rFkk 4
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 and 4 (c) 2 rFkk 3 (d) 3 rFkk 4
91. With reference to the Rig Vedic religion, which of
91. ½xoSfnd èkeZ ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
the following statements is/are correct?
dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Rig Vedic religion was monotheistic in nature.
1. ½Xosfnd èkeZ çÑfr esa ,ds'ojoknh FkkA
2. Indra has been described as the most powerful
deity in the Rig Veda. 2. ½Xosn esa baæ dks lcls 'kfDr'kkyh nsork crk;k x;k gSA

Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
92. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct 92. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
answer from the code given below the lists. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;sA
List-I List-II lwph&I lwph&II
(Builder) (Building) (fuekZrk) (bekjr)
A. Akbar 1. Moti Masjid
A. vdcj 1. eksrh efLtn
B. Jahangir 2. Badshahi Mosque
B. tgk¡xhj 2. ckn'kkgh efLtn
C. Shah Jahan 3. Jahangiri Mahal
C. 'kkgtgk¡ 3. tgk¡xhjh egy
D. Aurangzeb 4. Shalimar Bagh
Code: D. vkSjaxtsc 4. 'kkyhekj ckx
A B C D dwV%
A B C D
(a) 1 4 2 3
(a) 1 4 2 3
(b) 2 3 4 1 (b) 2 3 4 1
(c) 3 1 4 2 (c) 3 1 4 2
(d) 4 3 1 2 (d) 4 3 1 2

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 22 22
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93. With reference to Primary and Upper Primary School 93. çkFkfed vkSj mPp çkFkfed fo|ky; ds cPpksa ds lanHkZ
children, which of the following statements is/are esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
correct? 1. mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us Ldwy Mªsl vkSj LVs'kujh ds
1. Government of Uttar Pradesh has decided to fy;s jkf'k dks ₹1100 ls c<+kdj ₹1200 djus dk
increase the amount from ₹1100 to ₹1200 for fu.kZ; fy;k gSA
school dress and stationery.
2. ;g jkf'k çR;{k ykHk varj.k (DBT) ds ekè;e ls
2. The money will be given to the parents of the
cPpksa ds ekrk&firk dks nh tk,xhA
children through Direct Benefit Transfer
(DBT). uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
dwV%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code: (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 94. G-20 ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku
94. With reference to G-20, which of the following lgh gS@gSa\
statements is/are correct? 1. igyh G&20 foÙk vkSj dsaæh; cSad ds çfrfufèk;ksa
1. The First G-20 Finance and Central Bank dh cSBd Hkkjr dh vè;{krk esa okjk.klh] mÙkj çns'k
Deputies Meeting, under the Indian Presidency, esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA
was held in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. 2. th&20 ds fy;s vferkHk dkar dks Hkkjr dk u;k
2. Amitabh Kant has been appointed as India’s 'ksjik fu;qDr fd;k x;kA
new Sherpa for the G-20.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below: dwV%
Code: (a) dsoy 1
(a) Only 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(b) Both 1 and 2
(c) dsoy 2
(c) Only 2
(d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
95. vkReh; lHkk dh LFkkiuk jktk jkeeksgu jk; us fuEufyf•r
95. Atmiya Sabha was set up by Raja Rammohan Roy
esa ls fdl o"kZ esa dh Fkh\
in which of the following years?
(a) 1809 (b) 1814
(a) 1809 (b) 1814
(c) 1817 (d) 1828
(c) 1817 (d) 1828
96. At the Tripuri session of Congress in 1939, the party 96. o"kZ 1939 esa dkWUxzsl ds f=kiqjh vfèkos'ku esa ikVhZ us viuh
sent a ‘Medical Mission’ on its behalf to which of vksj ls fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl ns'k esa ,d ^esfMdy
the following countries? fe'ku* Hkstk Fkk\
(a) Spain (a) Lisu
(b) China (b) phu
(c) Japan (c) tkiku
(d) USSR (d) lksfo;r la?k

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 23 23
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97. With reference to the ‘One Tahsil One Product 97. ^,d rglhy ,d mRikn ;kstuk* ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r
Scheme’, which of the following statements is/are dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
correct?
1. ;g Hkkjr ljdkj dh ,d igy gSA
1. It is an initiative of the Government of India.
2. ^,d tuin ,d mRikn* dh liQyrk ds ckn bl
2. This scheme was decided to launch after the
;kstuk dks 'kq: djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k x;kA
success of ‘One District One Product’.
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
98. Which of the following institutions got Sardar Patel 98. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl laLFkku dks ljnkj iVsy mRÑ"V
Outstanding ICAR Institute Award 2021? vkbZ-lh-,-vkj- laLFkku iqjLdkj] 2021 feyk\
(a) Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics
(a) Ñf"k tSo lwpuk dsaæ
(b) Agricultural Economics Research Centre
(b) Ñf"k vFkZ'kkL=k vuqlaèkku dsaæ
(c) Indian Society of Agronomy
(c) Hkkjrh; lL; foKku lkslk;Vh
(d) National Academy of Agricultural Research
Management (d) jk"Vªh; Ñf"k vuqlaèkku çcaèku vdkneh

99. Which one of the following pairs is NOT correctly 99. fuEufyf•r ;qXeksa esa ls dkSu&lk ,d lqesfyr ugha gS\
matched? (iqjkik"kk.k LFky) (LFkku)
(Paleolithic Site) (Location) (a) HkhecsVdk & eè; çns'k
(a) Bhimbetka – Madhya Pradesh
(b) vknex<+ dh igkfM+;k¡ & ueZnk ?kkVh
(b) Adamgarh Hills – Narmada Valley
(c) iksVokj dk iBkj & nf{k.kh Hkkjr
(c) Potwar Plateau – Southern India
(d) dqjuwy & vkaèkz çns'k
(d) Kurnool – Andhra Pradesh
100. With reference to Mughals, which of the following 100. eqxyksa ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku
statements is/are NOT correct? lgh ugha gS@gSa\
1. Mughal court chronicles were written in 1. eqxy njckj ds bfrgkl dks rqdhZ Hkk"kk esa fy•k
Turkish. x;k FkkA
2. All books in Mughal India were manuscripts. 2. eqxy Hkkjr dh lHkh iqLrdsa ikaMqfyfi;ksa ds #i esa FkhA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code:
dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
101. In which state Mahatma Buddha gave his first
sermon? 101. egkRek cq¼ us viuk igyk mins'k fdl jkT; esa fn;k Fkk\
(a) Bihar (b) Rajasthan (a) fcgkj (b) jktLFkku
(c) Madhya Pradesh (d) None of the above (c) eè; çns'k (d) mi;ZqDr esa ls dksbZ ugha

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 24 24
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102. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as 102. uhps nks dFku fn;s x, gSa] ,d dks vfHkdFku (A) rFkk
Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). nwljs dks dkj.k (R) dgk x;k gSA
Assertion (A): The tripartite struggle was among vfHkdFku (A)% f=ki{kh; la?k"kZ pkyqD;ksa] lkrokguksa vkSj
Chalukyas, Satvahanas, and Palas. ikyksa ds eè; gqvk FkkA
Reason (R): The city of Kannauj was the symbol
dkj.k (R)% dUukSt 'kgj bl 'kfDr dk çrhd FkkA
of power.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
dwV%
Code:

(a) (A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (R)] (A) dh lgh
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
O;k[;k gS
explanation of (A)
(b) (A) lgh gS ijarq (R) xyr gS
(b) (A) is true but (R) is false
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the (c) (A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa ijarq (R)] (A) dh lgh

correct explanation of (A) O;k[;k ugha gS

(d) (A) is false but (R) is true (d) (A) xyr gS] ijarq (R) lgh gS

103. On which date, Mukhya Mantri Nagar Nirman Yojna 103. mÙkj çns'k dh eq[;ea=kh uxj fuekZ.k ;kstuk fdl frfFk
of Uttar Pradesh was launched? dks 'kq: dh xbZ Fkh\
(a) 20th May 2022 (a) 20 ebZ 2022
th
(b) 20 July 2022 (b) 20 tqykbZ 2022
th
(c) 27 May 2022 (c) 27 ebZ 2022
th
(d) 27 July 2022 (d) 27 tqykbZ 2022
104. With reference to Mission Kushal Karmi, which of 104. fe'ku dq'ky dehZ ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@
the following statements is/are correct?
ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. This program has been launched by the Uttar
1. ;g dk;ZØe mÙkj çns'k ljdkj }kjk 'kq: fd;k x;k gSA
Pradesh Government.
2. ;kstuk ds rgr dksfoM&19 ds nkSjku vius ekrk&firk
2. Under the scheme free of cost education will
dks •ksus okys cPpksa dks fu'kqYd f'k{kk çnku dh
be provided to the children who lost their
tk,xhA
parents during Covid-19.

Select the correct answer from the code given below:

uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code:
dwV%
(a) Only 1 (a) dsoy 1

(b) Both 1 and 2 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa

(c) Only 2 (c) dsoy 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

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105. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct 105. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
answer from the code given below the lists. uhps fn;s x, dwV esa ls lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
List – I List – II lwph&I lwph&II
(President) (Indian National (vè;{k) (Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh;
Congress Session)
dkWUxzsl ds vfèkos'ku)
A. George Yule 1. Kanpur
A. tkWtZ ;wy 1. dkuiqj
B. Ramesh Chandra 2. Lucknow
Dut B. jes'k paæ nÙk 2. y•uÅ
C. Gopal Krishna 3. Varanasi C. xksiky Ñ".k xks•ys 3. okjk.klh
Gokhale D. ljksftuh uk;Mw 4. bykgkckn
D. Sarojini Naidu 4. Allahabad dwV%
Code:
A B C D
A B C D (a) 1 3 2 4
(a) 1 3 2 4 (b) 1 2 3 4
(b) 1 2 3 4 (c) 2 1 4 3
(c) 2 1 4 3 (d) 4 2 3 1
(d) 4 2 3 1
106. uhps nks dFku fn;s x, gSa] ,d dks vfHkdFku (A) rFkk
106. Given below are two statements, one is labeled as
nwljs dks dkj.k (R) dgk x;k gSA
Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Sayyid brothers- Hassan Ali and
vfHkdFku (A)% ifjorhZ eqxy dky esa glu vyh vkSj
Hussian Ali were known as Kingmakers during the gqlSu vyh] lSÕ;n caèkqvksa dks ^jktk cukus okyks* ds :i
latter Mughal era. esa tkuk tkrk FkkA
Reason (R): The Mughal empire had become too dkj.k (R)% eqxy lkezkT; bruk fo'kky ,oa cksf>y gks
vast and unwieldy to be efficiently governed by a x;k Fkk fd mls fdlh de”kksj 'kkld ds dsaæh; vfèkdkj
central authority of weak rulers. esa n{krkiwoZd ç'kkflr ugha fd;k tk ldrk FkkA
Select the correct answers from the code given
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;sA
below:
dwV%
Code:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct (a) nksuksa (A) rFkk (R) lgh gSa rFkk (R)] (A) dh lgh
explanation of (A) O;k[;k gS
(b) (A) is true but (R) is false (b) (A) lgh gS] ijarq (R) xyr gS
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the (c) (A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa] ijarq (R)] (A) dh lgh
correct explanation of (A) O;k[;k ugha gS
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true (d) (A) xyr gS] ijarq (R) lgh gS
107. Recently, MSME and Export Promotion Department
107. gky gh esa mÙkj çns'k ds MSME vkSj fu;kZr lao¼Zu
of Uttar Pradesh signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with which of the following
foHkkx us fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl IysViQkWeZ ds lkFk ,d
platforms? le>kSrk Kkiu (MoU) ij gLrk{kj fd;s gSa\
(a) Koo (b) JioMart Digital (a) dw (b) ftvks ekVZ fMftVy
(c) Amazon (d) India Big Bazaar (c) ves”ku (d) bafM;k fcx ck”kkj

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108. Who is the present Chairperson of Khadi and Village 108. •knh vkSj xzkeks|ksx vk;ksx (KVIC) ds orZeku vè;{k
Industries Commission (KVIC)? dkSu gS\
(a) Rajeev Kumar (a) jktho dqekj
(b) S. Somnath (b) ,l- lkseukFk
(c) Manoj Kumar (c) eukst dqekj
(d) Sunita Kumari (d) lquhrk dqekjh
109. With reference to the Harappan Civilisation, which 109. gM+Iik lH;rk ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
of the following statements is/are correct? dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Lothal was an emporium of trade between the 1. gM+Iik vkSj eslksiksVkfe;k lH;rkvksa ds chp O;kikj
Harappan civilization and Mesopotamia. gsrq yksFky ,d foØ; dsaæ FkkA
2. Dholavira was the largest of all the Indus Valley 2. èkkSykohjk flaèkq ?kkVh ds lHkh 'kgjksa esa lcls cM+k FkkA
cities.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
dwV%
Code:
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u gh 1 u gh 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
110. eqxy dky ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
110. With reference to Mughal period, which of the
dFku lgh gS@gSa\
following statements is/are correct?
1. fdlh eulcnkj dk in vkSj mldk osru mlds tkr
1. The rank and salary of a Mansabdar were
ls Lora=k gksrs FksA
independent of his zat.
2. ik¡p Hkkxksa esa fy•s x, vcqy iQty ds vdcjukek
2. Abul Fazl’s Akbar Nama was written in 5
volumes each dealing with a specific aspect.
dk çR;sd Hkkx ,d fof'k"V igyw ls lacafèkr FkkA

Select the correct answer from the code given below:

uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code:
dwV%
(a) Only 1 (a) dsoy 1

(b) Both 1 and 2 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa

(c) Only 2 (c) dsoy 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

111. Who was the writer of the Milindpanho? 111. fefyaniUgks ds ys•d dkSu Fks\
(a) Nagasena (b) Kalidas (a) ukxlsu (b) dkfynkl
(c) Nagarjuna (d) Ashwaghosh (c) ukxktZqu (d) v'o?kks"k

112. Who was the founder of the Utpala Dynasty? 112. mRiy oa'k dk laLFkkid dkSu Fkk\
(a) Durlabh Vardhana (a) nqyZHkoèkZu
(b) Queen Didda (b) egkjkuh fn|k
(c) Kokkala I (c) dksDdy çFke
(d) Avanti Varman (d) voarh oeZu

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 27 27
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113. Consider the following statements about Uttar 113. mÙkj çns'k jkT; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku ds ckjs esa
Pradesh State Rural Livelihood Mission. fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft;sA
1. Under this mission the Uttar Pradesh 1. bl fe'ku ds rgr mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us efgyk
government has prepared a five-year roadmap l'kDrhdj.k ds fy;s ik¡p o"kZ dk jksMeSi rS;kj
for women’s empowerment.
fd;k gSA
2. About 95 lakh women in rural areas will be
2. xzkeh.k {ks=kksa dh djhc 95 yk• efgykvksa dks u,
connected to new groups and employment.
lewgksa vkSj jkstxkj ls tksM+k tk,xkA
3. Under the prepared roadmap, more than 10 lakh
3. fufeZr jksMeSi ds rgr çns'k esa ik¡p o"kZ ds Hkhrj
new livelihood clusters will be formed in the
state within five years. 10 yk• ls vfèkd u;s vkthfodk dyLVj cusaxsA
4. The goal of five-year roadmap has been divided 4. fe'ku }kjk ik¡p o"kZ ds jksMeSi ds y{; dks N% ekg]
into six months, one year, two years, and five ,d o"kZ] nks o"kZ vkSj ik¡p o"kZ esa lewgksa esa ck¡V fn;k
years by the mission. x;k gSA
Select the correct statements using the code given uhps fn;s x, dwV dh lgk;rk ls lgh dFku dk p;u
below. dhft;sA
Code: dwV%
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4 (a) 1 rFkk 2 (b) 3 rFkk 4
(c) 1 and 4 (d) 1 and 3 (c) 1 rFkk 4 (d) 1 rFkk 3
114. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct
114. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
answer from the code given below the lists.
uhps fn;s x, dwV esa ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;sA
List – I List – II
lwph&I lwph&II
(Date) (Day)
(frfFk) (fnol)
A. 28 February 1. Global Forgiveness Day
A. 28 iQjojh 1 oSf'od {kek fnol
B. 27 September 2. National Science Day
C. 8 March 3. International Women’s B. 27 flracj 2. jk"Vªh; foKku fnol
Day C. 8 ekpZ 3. varjkZ"Vªh; efgyk fnol
D. 7 July 4. World Tourism Day D. 7 tqykbZ 4. fo'o i;ZVu fnol
Code: dwV%
A B C D A B C D
(a) 2 4 3 1 (a) 2 4 3 1
(b) 3 1 4 2 (b) 3 1 4 2
(c) 2 1 3 4 (c) 2 1 3 4
(d) 4 2 1 3
(d) 4 2 1 3
115. Consider the following peasant movements and 115. fuEufyf•r fdlku vkanksyuksa ij fopkj dhft;s vkSj mudks
arrange them in chronological order: dkyØekuqlkj O;ofLFkr dhft;sA
I. Eka Movement I. ,dk vkanksyu
II. All India Kisan Sabha II. vf•y Hkkjrh; fdlku lHkk
III. Uttar Pradesh Kisan Sabha III. mÙkj çns'k fdlku lHkk
IV. Awadh Kisan Sabha IV. voèk fdlku lHkk

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 28 28
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 Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) III, IV, I, II (b) IV, III, II, I (a) III, IV, I, II (b) IV, III, II, I
(c) III, II, IV, I (d) I, II, III, IV (c) III, II, IV, I (d) I, II, III, IV
116. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct 116. vkèkqfud Hkkjrh; bfrgkl ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls
about modern Indian history? dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Mahatma Gandhi supported industrialization 1. egkRek xkaèkh us xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk ij vkS|ksxhdj.k
over the rural economy. dk leFkZu fd;kA
2. Jawaharlal Nehru did not believe in the power 2. tokgjyky usg: vkèkqfud jkT; dh 'kfDr esa fo'okl
of the modern state. ugha djrs FksA
Select the correct answer from the code given below. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;sA
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (a) dsoy 1
(b) Both 1 and 2 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (c) dsoy 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
117. Under ‘Ek Bharat–Shrestha Bharat and Cultural 117. ^,d Hkkjr&Js"B Hkkjr* vkSj ^lkaLÑfrd vknku&çnku
Exchange Scheme’ the Department of Culture of ;kstuk* ds rgr mÙkj çns'k ds laLÑfr foHkkx us fdlds
Uttar Pradesh signed an agreement with lkFk ,d le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd;s\
(a) Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (a) bafnjk xkaèkh jk"Vªh; dyk dsaæ
(b) Lalit Kala Academy (b) yfyr dyk vdkneh
(c) Sangeet Natak Akademi (c) laxhr ukVd vdkneh
(d) None of the above (d) mi;ZqDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
118. On which date International Plastic Day is observed? 118. varjkZ"Vªh; IykfLVd fnol fdl frfFk dks euk;k tkrk gS\
rd rd (a) 3 twu (b) 3 tqykbZ
(a) 3 June (b) 3 July
(c) 17th August (d) 19th November (c) 17 vxLr (d) 19 uoacj
119. Arrange the following venues of the Buddhist 119. ckS¼ ifj"knksa ls lacfa èkr fuEufyf•r LFkyksa dks dkyØekuqlkj
Councils in chronological order. O;ofLFkr dhft;sA
Ⅰ. Rajagriha Ⅱ. Pataliputra I. jktx`g II. ikVfyiq=k
Ⅲ. Vaishali Ⅳ. Kashmir III. oS'kkyh IV. d'ehj
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Ⅳ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, I (a) IV, II, III, I
(b) Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ (b) I, III, II, IV
(c) Ⅲ, Ⅰ, Ⅳ, II (c) III, I, IV, II
(d) Ⅱ, Ⅰ, Ⅳ, III (d) II, I, IV, III

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120. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct 120. ^gEih* ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku
about ‘Hampi’? lgh gS@gSa\
1. Hampi is located in the Krishna-Tungabhadra 1. gEih Ñ".kk&rqaxHkæk csflu esa fLFkr gSA
basin. 2. egkuoeh R;ksgkj] gEih esa euk, tkus okys lcls
2. The Mahanavami festival was one of the most egÙoiw.kZ R;ksgkjksa esa ls ,d FkkA
important festivals celebrated at Hampi.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below: dwV%
Code:
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
121. tSu èkeZ ds lanHkZ esa dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh ugha gS@gSa\
121. With reference to the Jain religion, which of the
1. tSu 'kCn dh mRifÙk ^ftu* 'kCn ls gqbZ gS] ftldk
statements is/are NOT correct?
vFkZ gS vkRekA
1. Jain is derived from the word jin, meaning soul.
2. f=k'kyk egkohj Lokeh dh ekrk FkhA
2. Trishala was the mother of Mahavir Swami.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
dwV%
Code:
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
122. xgM+oky oa'k dk laLFkkid dkSu Fkk\
122. Who was the founder of the Gahadvala dynasty?
(a) eghpaæ (b) enuiky
(a) Mahichandra (b) Madanpala
(c) paænso (d) fot;paæ
(c) Chandradeva (d) Vijaychandra
123. ^ijiQkWes±l xzsM baMsDl&fMfLVªDV (PGI-D) 2019&20*
123. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct
about ‘Performance Grade Index-District (PGI-D) fjiksVZ ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku
2019-20’ report? lgh gS@gSa\
1. Mathura and Auraiya districts of Uttar Pradesh 1. mÙkj çns'k ds eFkqjk vkSj vkSjS;k f”kys Ldwyh f'k{kk
lead in performance in school education. ds çn'kZu esa vxz.kh gSaA
2. It is released by the Department of School and 2. bls Ldwy vkSj f'k{kk foHkkx] mÙkj çns'k f'k{kk ea=kky;
Education, Uttar Pradesh Ministry of Education. }kjk tkjh fd;k tkrk gSA
Select the correct answer from the code given below. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;sA
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
124. Which of the following States/UT became the first 124. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu Hkkjr esa 13 ,Dlçslos okyk igyk
in India to have 13 Expressways? jkT;@dsaæ'kkflr çns'k cu x;k gS\
(a) New Delhi (b) Chandigarh (a) ubZ fnYyh (b) paMhx<+
(c) Karnataka (d) None of the above (c) dukZVd (d) mi;ZqDr esa ls dksbZ ugha

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 30 30
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125. Which one of the following rulers of Awadh declared 125. voèk ds fuEufyf•r 'kkldksa esa ls fdl ,d us eqxy
his independence from the Mughal Empire? lkezkT; ls viuh Lora=krk dh ?kks"k.kk dh\
(a) Safdar Jang (b) Saadat Khan (a) liQnjtax (b) lvknr •ku
(c) Shuja-ud-Daula (d) Wazir Ali (c) 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk (d) o”khj vyh
126. Consider the following treaties and arrange them in 126. fuEufyf•r lafèk;ksa ij fopkj dhft;s vkSj mudks
chronological order: dkyØekuqlkj O;ofLFkr dhft;s%
1. Treaty of Allahabad 1. bykgkckn dh lafèk
2. Treaty of Seringapatam 2. JhjaxiV~Vue dh lafèk
3. Treaty of Mangalore 3. eSaxyksj dh lafèk
4. Treaty of Amritsar 4. ve`rlj dh lafèk
Select the correct answer from the code given below. uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) 3, 1, 4 and 2 (b) 1, 3, 2 and 4
(a) 3, 1, 4 vkSj 2 (b) 1, 3, 2 vkSj 4
(c) 2, 3, 1 and 4 (d) 4, 1, 2 and 3
(c) 2, 3, 1 vkSj 4 (d) 4, 1, 2 vkSj 3
127. Recently which of the following departments has
127. gky gh esa fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl foHkkx us mÙkj çns'k
issued guidelines for the Uttar Pradesh Mathrubhumi
ekr`Hkwfe ;kstuk ds fy;s fn'kk&funZs'k tkjh fd;s gSa\
Yojana?
(a) Ldwy f'k{kk foHkkx
(a) Department of School Education
(b) iapk;rh jkt foHkkx
(b) Department of Panchayati Raj
(c) fpfdRlk LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k
(c) Medical Health & Family Welfare
(d) mi;ZqDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
(d) None of the above
128. ^ukjh dks ueu ;kstuk* 'kq: dh xbZ Fkh
128. ‘Nari Ko Naman Scheme’ was launched by
(a) fgekpy çns'k }kjk (b) vle }kjk
(a) Himachal Pradesh (b) Assam
(c) Odisha (d) Uttar Pradesh (c) vksfM'kk }kjk (d) mÙkj çns'k }kjk

129. Mahashilakantaka and Rathamusala, innovative 129. ^egkf'kykdaVd* vkSj ^jFkewly*] uohu lSU; gfFk;kjksa dk
military weapons were used by bLrseky fd;k x;k
(a) Chandragupta II (b) Ajatashatru (a) paæxqIr f}rh; }kjk (b) vtkr'k=kq }kjk
(c) Rudradaman I (d) None of the above (c) #ænkeu izFke }kjk (d) mi;ZqDr esa ls dksbZ ugha

130. With reference to the Mughal Court, which of the 130. eqxy njckj ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
following statements is/are correct? dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Kornish was a form of ceremonial salutation 1. dksfuZ'k vkSipkfjd vfHkoknu dk ,d ,slk rjhdk
in which the courtier placed the palm of his left Fkk ftlesa njckjh vius ck,¡ gkFk dh gFksyh dks
hand against his chest and bent his head. Nkrh ds foijhr j•dj flj >qdkrs FksA
2. Taslim means submission. 2. rLyhe dk rkRi;Z leiZ.k ls FkkA
Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 31 31
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131. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as 131. uhps nks dFku fn;s x, gSa] ,d dks vfHkdFku (A) rFkk
Assertion (A) and other as Reason (R). nwljs dks dkj.k (R) dgk x;k gSA
Assertion (A): Mauryan administration emphasized vfHkdFku (A)% ekS;Z ç'kklu us çkarh; ç'kklu ij ”kksj
on provincial administration. fn;kA
Reason(R): There seem to have been at least four dkj.k (R)% ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd ekS;Z ç'kklu esa mTtSuh]
provinces in the Mauryan administration such as lqo.kZfxfj] rkSlyh vkSj r{kf'kyk tSls de ls de pkj
Ujjaini, Suvarnagiri, Tosali, and Taxila.
çkar FksA
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code:
dwV%
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
(a) (A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (R)] (A) dh lgh
explanation of (A)
O;k[;k gS
(b) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(b) (A) lgh gS] ijarq (R) xyr gS
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not correct
explanation of (A) (c) (A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa ijarq (R)] (A) dh lgh
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true
O;k[;k ugha gS
(d) (A) xyr gS] ijarq (R) lgh gS
132. With reference to the Battle of Chandawar, which
of the following statements is/are correct? 132. pankoj ds ;q¼ ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa esa ls
1. This battle was the last battle of the Gahadvala dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
dynasty. 1. ;g ;q¼ xgM+oky oa'k dk vafre ;q¼ FkkA
2. It was fought between Muhammad Ghori and 2. ;g 1194 esa eqgEen xksjh vkSj t; pan ds chp
Jai Chand in 1194. yM+k x;k FkkA
Select the correct answer from the code given uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
below: dwV%
Code:

(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
133. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdls jk"Vªh; HkwfoKku iqjLdkj] 2019
133. Who among the following was selected for the
ds fy;s pquk x;k Fkk\
National Geoscience Award, 2019?
(a) jch ukjk;.k cLrh;k
(a) Rabi Narayan Bastia
(b) çeFk ukFk cksl
(b) Pramatha Nath Bose
(c) èkzqo lsu flag
(c) Dhruv Sen Singh
(d) Khadg Singh Valdiya (d) •M~x flag ofYn;k

134. Which of the following species is endemic to the 134. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lh çtkfr vxLR;ekyk ck;ksLiQh;j
Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve? fj”koZ ds fy;s LFkkfud gS\
(a) Willows (a) foyks
(b) Chenkurinji (b) psudqfjath
(c) Rhododendron (c) jksMksMsaMªu
(d) Chir pine (d) phM+ ikbu

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135. First conference of the United Province Congress 135. la;qDr çkar dkWUxzsl desVh dk çFke lEesyu fdldh
Committee was started under the Chairmanship of vè;{krk esa çkjaHk gqvk Fkk\
(a) Ram Prasad Khatri (a) jke çlkn •=kh
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) tokgjyky usg:
(c) Madan Mohan Malviya (c) enu eksgu ekyoh;
(d) Motilal Nehru (d) eksrhyky usg:
136. With reference to Indian National Army (INA), 136. ^bafM;u us'kuy vkehZ* (INA) ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r
which of the following statements is/are correct? esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. It was an army of Indian Prisoners of War 1. ;g Hkkjrh; ;q¼cafn;ksa (POWs) dh ,d lsuk FkhA
(POWs).
2. INA dh LFkkiuk ewy :i ls eksgu flag }kjk dh
2. INA was originally created by Mohan Singh.
x;h FkhA
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code:
dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
137. Which of the following are online portals to
137. mÙkj çns'k ds ekè;fed f'k{kk foHkkx dks ifjofrZr djus
transform Uttar Pradesh’s Secondary Education
ds fy;s fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&ls vkWuykbu iksVZy gSa\
Department?
1. çKku 2. igpku
1. Pragyan 2. Pehchaan
3. igq¡p 4. çfr"Bku
3. Pahunch 4. Pratisthan
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code:
dwV%
(a) Only 1 and 2 (b) Only 1, 2 and 3 (a) dsoy 1 rFkk 2 (b) dsoy 1, 2 rFkk 3

(c) Only 3 and 4 (d) Only 2, 3 and 4 (c) dsoy 3 rFkk 4 (d) dsoy 2, 3 rFkk 4

138. Recently, National Dairy Research Institute was in 138. gky gh esa jk"Vªh; Ms;jh vuqlaèkku laLFkku •cjksa esa jgk]
news, it is located in ;g fLFkr gS
(a) New Delhi (a) ubZ fnYyh esa
(b) Uttar Pradesh (b) mÙkj çns'k esa
(c) Punjab (c) iatkc esa
(d) Haryana (d) gfj;k.kk esa

139. Timur invaded India during the reign of 139. rSewj us Hkkjr ij vkØe.k fd;k
(a) Akbar (a) vdcj ds 'kkludky esa
(b) Sher Shah Suri (b) 'ksj 'kkg lwjh ds 'kkludky esa
(c) Balban (c) cycu ds 'kkludky esa
(d) Nasiruddin Mahmud (d) ulh#íhu egewn ds 'kkludky esa
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140. With references to the Chisti order, which of the 140. fp'rh ijaijk ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
following statements is/are correct? dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. Pilgrimage, called ziyarat, to tombs of Sufi 1. lwiQh larksa dh rhFkZ;k=kk] ftls f”k;kjr dgk tkrk gS
saints is prevalent all over the Muslim world. lewps bLykeh txr esa çpfyr gSA
2. The Chishtis accepted donations in cash and 2. fp'rh udn vkSj oLrq ds :i esa nku Lohdkj djrs FksA
kind.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code given below: dwV%
Code:
(a) dsoy 1
(a) Only 1
(b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(b) Both 1 and 2
(c) dsoy 2
(c) Only 2
(d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
141. ekS;Z lkezkT; ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
141. With reference to the Maurya Empire, which of the
dFku lgh gS@gSa\
following statements is/are correct?
1. v'kksd ds ç'kklu esa çfrosndksa us jktk dks tuer
1. In Ashoka’s administration, Prativedakas
dh jk; ls voxr djk;kA
informed the King about public opinion.
2. dkSfVY; us jktk }kjk ^LFkkuh;* uked eq[;ky;
2. Kautilya recommended that the king should
LFkkfir djus dh vuqla'kk dhA
establish headquarters known as a “Sthaniya”.
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Select the correct answer from the code give below:
dwV%
Code:
(a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
142. vdcj dh fuEufyf•r fot;ksa dks dkyØekuqlkj O;ofLFkr
142. Arrange the following conquests of Akbar in
chronological order. dhft;sA
1. Chittor 2. Kandhar 1. fpÙkkSM+ 2. dkaèkkj
3. Malwa 4. Haldighati 3. ekyok 4. gYnh?kkVh

Select the correct answer from the code given below: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) 4, 2, 3, 1 (b) 3, 1, 4, 2 (a) 4, 2, 3, 1 (b) 3, 1, 4, 2
(c) 2, 3, 1, 4 (d) 1, 4, 2, 3 (c) 2, 3, 1, 4 (d) 1, 4, 2, 3

143. At which of the following institutions India’s first 143. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl laLFkku esa Hkkjr dh igyh Lok;Ùk
autonomous navigation facility was inaugurated? usfoxs'ku lqfoèkk dk mn~?kkVu fd;k x;k Fkk\
(a) IIT Madras (a) vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh- eækl
(b) IIT Delhi (b) vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh- fnYyh
(c) IIT Hyderabad (c) vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh- gSnjkckn
(d) IIT Bombay (d) vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh- ckWEcs

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 34 34
Delhi Prayagraj Main Tonk Road, Vasundhara Colony, Jaipur

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144. Which two of the following institutions launched 144. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdu nks laLFkkuksa us 'kgjh çÑfr&vkèkkfjr
the India’s first national coalition platform for urban lekèkkuksa ds fy;s Hkkjr dk igyk jk"Vªh; xBcaèku eap
nature-based solutions? ykWUp fd;k\
1. WHO 2. WRI-India
1. MCY;w-,p-vks- 2. MCY;w-vkj-vkbZ-&Hkkjr
3. NIUA C-Cube 4. NITI Aayog
3. ,u-vkbZ-;w-,- lh&D;wc 4. uhfr vk;ksx
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code: uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4 dwV%
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 4 (a) 1 rFkk 2 (b) 3 rFkk4
145. Who set up the first parallel government in Uttar (c) 2 rFkk 3 (d) 1 rFkk 4
Pradesh during the Quit India Movement?
145. Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu ds nkSjku mÙkj çns'k esa igyh lekukarj
(a) Y.B. Chavan (b) Achyut Patwardhan
ljdkj dh LFkkiuk fdlus dh Fkh\
(c) Chittu Pandey (d) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(a) okbZ-ch- pOgk.k (b) vP;qr iVo¼Zu
146. Match List–I and List–II and select the correct
(c) fpÙkw ikaMs (d) yky cgknqj 'kkL=kh
answer from the code given below the lists.
List–I List–II 146. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s rFkk lwfp;ksa ds
(Governor) (Policy) uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
A. Warren Hastings 1. Policy of Ring lwph&I lwph&II
Fence (xouZj) (uhfr)
B. Lord Wellesley 2. Subsidiary Alliance
A. okjsu gsfLVaXl 1. ?ksjs dh uhfr
C. Lord Dalhousie 3. Policy of Proud
B. ykWMZ osys”kyh 2. lgk;d lafèk
Reserve
D. Lord Lytton 4. Doctrine of Lapse C. ykWMZ MygkS”kh 3. çkmM fj”koZ dh uhfr
Code:
D. ykMZ fyVu 4. O;ixr uhfr
A B C D dwV%
(a) 1 2 3 4 A B C D
(b) 1 2 4 3 (a) 1 2 3 4
(c) 3 2 1 4 (b) 1 2 4 3
(d) 3 1 4 2 (c) 3 2 1 4
(d) 3 1 4 2
147. With reference to State Ranking Index for National
Food Security Act, which of the following statements 147. jk"Vªh; •k| lqj{kk vfèkfu;e ds fy;s jkT; jSafdax lwpdkad
is/are correct? ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gS\a
1. Odisha is ranked first in General Category 1. vksfM'kk lkekU; Js.kh ds jkT;ksa esa izFke LFkku ij gSA
States. 2. iatkc] gfj;k.kk vkSj fnYyh lcls fupys ik¡p jkT;ksa
2. Punjab, Haryana and Delhi are among the states
esa 'kkfey gSaA
at the bottom five.
Select the correct answer from the code give below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) 1 rFkk 2 nksuksa
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) dsoy 2 (d) u rks 1 u gh 2
641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 35 35
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148. Which of the following has launched Startup School 148. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlus LVkVZ&vi Ldwy bafM;k ykWUp
India? fd;k gS\
(a) Facebook (a) iQslcqd
(b) Google (b) xwxy
(c) Amazon (c) ves”ku
(d) Yahoo (d) ;kgw
149. In which of the following years ‘Battle of Hydaspes’ 149. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl o"kZ esa ^gkbZMhLiht dk ;q¼* yM+k
was fought? x;k Fkk\
(a) 321 BC (a) 321 bZlk iwoZ
(b) 324 BC
(b) 324 bZlk iwoZ
(c) 326 BC
(c) 326 bZlk iwoZ
(d) 329 BC
(d) 329 bZlk iwoZ
150. With reference to the classification of lands under
150. vdcjdkyhu Hkwfe ds oxhZdj.k ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r
Akbar, which of the following statement(s) is/are
dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
correct ?
1. iksyt ,slh Hkwfe Fkh ftl ij Øfed :i ls iQly
1. Polaj was land which was annually cultivated
gksrh Fkh vkSj mls dHkh Hkh ijrh ugha jgus fn;k
for each crop in succession and was never
allowed to lie fallow.
tkrk FkkA
2. ijkSrh ,slh Hkwfe Fkh ftldh moZjrk dks cuk, j•us
2. Parauti was land left out of cultivation for a
time so that it may recover its strength. ds fy;s chp&chp esa •srh ugha dh tkrh FkhA
3. Chachar was land that had laid fallow for three 3. pkpj ,slh Hkwfe Fkh ftls rhu ;k pkj o"kks± ds fy;s
or four years. ijrh NksM+ fn;k tkrk FkkA
4. Banjar was land uncultivated for five years or 4. ftl Hkwfe ij 5 o"kZ ;k mlls vfèkd le; rd
more. •srh ugha dh tkrh Fkh] mls catj dgk tkrk FkkA
Select the correct answer from the code given below : uhps fn;s x, dwV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;s%
Code: dwV%
(a) Only 1 and 3 (a) dsoy 1 rFkk 3
(b) Only 1, 2 and 3 (b) dsoy 1, 2 rFkk 3
(c) Only 1 and 2 (c) dsoy 1 rFkk 2
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 rFkk 4

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 36 36
Delhi Prayagraj Main Tonk Road, Vasundhara Colony, Jaipur

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 Space for Rough Work
(jiQ dk;Z ds fy;s LFkku)

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 37 37
Delhi Prayagraj Main Tonk Road, Vasundhara Colony, Jaipur

Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com

Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
 Space for Rough Work
(jiQ dk;Z ds fy;s LFkku)

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 38 38
Delhi Prayagraj Main Tonk Road, Vasundhara Colony, Jaipur

Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com

Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
 Space for Rough Work
(jiQ dk;Z ds fy;s LFkku)

641, 1st Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Civil Lines, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 39 39
Delhi Prayagraj Main Tonk Road, Vasundhara Colony, Jaipur

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Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
 UP-PCS Prelims Test Series–2023

CODE: UP(P)–2303
SUB: 2023

GENERAL STUDIES&I
Series

Time: 2 Hours
C Max. Marks: 200
Write your Roll Number
In Numbers
in the box
In Words
To mark Answer use Black Ball-point Pen only.
Candidate must read all the instructions before writing the answers.
You are to mark your answer on Answer-Sheet only. After the examination is over, handover the original Answer-
sheet to the invigilator.
IMPORTANT INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer all questions. All questions carry equal marks.
2. The Candidate should indicate the correct Roll Number, Subject, Paper Code and its Series on the Answer-
Sheet, otherwise the Answer-Sheet will not be evaluated and the candidate will be solely responsible for it.
3. This Test Booklet contains 150 questions. Each question has four (4) options which are given below the
questions. Only one option is correct out of four. You are required to darken the circle corresponding to the
alternative which you consider to be correct or most appropriate answer in the Answer-Sheet by Black Ball-
point Pen.
4. Do not write anything on the cover page of the Test Booklet except Roll Number. Use the space for rough
work given in the last three pages of Test Booklet.
5. If you happen to find the Booklet issued to you does not have all the pages properly printed or it has any other
deficiency, then you need to approach the invigilator to get another Booklet of same Series and Code.
6. Penalty for wrong answers:
THERE WILL BE PENALTY FOR WRONG ANSWERS MARKED BY A CANDIDATE IN THE
ANSWER SHEET.
(i) There are four alternatives for the answer to every question. For each question for which a wrong answer
has been given by the candidate, one-third of the marks assigned to that question will be deducted as
penalty.
(ii) If a candidate gives more than one answer, it will be treated as a wrong answer even if one of the given
answers happens to be correct and there will be same penalty as above to that question.
(iii) If a question is left blank, i.e., no answer is given by the candidate, there will be no penalty for that
question.

DO NOT OPEN THIS TEST BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
è;ku nsa% vuqns'kksa dk fganh :ikarj bl iqfLrdk ds izFke i`"B ij Nik gSA
 UP-PCS PRELIMS TEST SERIES-2023
TEST BOOKLET SERIES

Test Code: ANSWER & EXPLANATION

UP(P)–2303 GENERAL STUDIES-I
(Hindi Version)
TEST – 3

ANSWERS
Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers
1 (d) 26 (b) 51 (d) 76 (b) 101 (d) 126 (b)

2 (b) 27 (b) 52 (b) 77 (d) 102 (d) 127 (b)

3 (a) 28 (c) 53 (b) 78 (b) 103 (d) 128 (a)

4 (c) 29 (b) 54 (b) 79 (b) 104 (d) 129 (b)

5 (a) 30 (b) 55 (b) 80 (b) 105 (d) 130 (c)

6 (a) 31 (c) 56 (a) 81 (b) 106 (c) 131 (a)

7 (b) 32 (b) 57 (c) 82 (a) 107 (a) 132 (b)

8 (b) 33 (b) 58 (b) 83 (c) 108 (c) 133 (c)

9 (c) 34 (b) 59 (d) 84 (d) 109 (a) 134 (b)

10 (b) 35 (d) 60 (b) 85 (a) 110 (d) 135 (d)

11 (b) 36 (b) 61 (d) 86 (a) 111 (a) 136 (b)

12 (c) 37 (c) 62 (a) 87 (b) 112 (d) 137 (b)

13 (c) 38 (b) 63 (b) 88 (b) 113 (c) 138 (d)

14 (d) 39 (b) 64 (a) 89 (d) 114 (a) 139 (d)

15 (b) 40 (c) 65 (d) 90 (b) 115 (a) 140 (b)

16 (b) 41 (d) 66 (a) 91 (c) 116 (d) 141 (b)

17 (d) 42 (a) 67 (b) 92 (c) 117 (a) 142 (b)

18 (b) 43 (d) 68 (a) 93 (b) 118 (b) 143 (c)

19 (b) 44 (c) 69 (d) 94 (c) 119 (b) 144 (c)

20 (d) 45 (c) 70 (d) 95 (b) 120 (b) 145 (c)

21 (b) 46 (a) 71 (c) 96 (b) 121 (a) 146 (b)

22 (d) 47 (a) 72 (a) 97 (c) 122 (c) 147 (b)

23 (a) 48 (a) 73 (d) 98 (d) 123 (a) 148 (b)

24 (b) 49 (d) 74 (c) 99 (c) 124 (d) 149 (c)

25 (b) 50 (c) 75 (a) 100 (a) 125 (b) 150 (d)

 1. (d) varxZr 5 tuinksa&vkxjk] vacsMdjuxj] lhrkiqj] vktex<+]
fl¼kFkZ uxj esa LFkkfir dkWeu iQSflfyVh lsaVj dk mn~?kkVu
O;k[;k% cq”kZgkse%
fd;kA
 Jhuxj f”kys (d'ehj ?kkVh) esa uoik"kk.kdkyhu LFky
 dkWeu iQSflfyVh lsaVj dh LFkkiuk ls ^,d tuin ,d mRikn
cq”kZgkse leqæ ry ls 1800 ehVj dh mQ¡pkbZ ij IysbLVksflu
;kstuk* ds gLrf'kfYi;ksa] dkjhxjksa] m|fe;ksa dks vkèkqfud
>hy Lrj ds Åij fLFkr gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
rduhdh ls tqM+us dk volj feysxkA blls mRiknksa dh xq.koÙkk
 ;g LFky uoik"kk.k dky ls ysdj egkik"kk.k dky ,oa çkjafHkd
csgrj gksxh vkSj vk; esa o`f¼ gksxhA
,sfrgkfld dky rd ekuo fuokl esa {kf.kd pj.kksa dks Li"V
:i ls n'kkZrk gSA  c`gn~ ½.k esys ds nkSjku ,e-,l-,e-bZ- mÙkj çns'k ds vij
eq[; lfpo ,oa vestkWu ds lkoZtfud uhfr ds okbZl
 cq”kZgkse 3000 bZlk iwoZ ls 1000 bZlk iwoZ rd Ñf"k] okLrqdyk]
çsflMsaV psru Ñ".k Lokeh ds eè; ,d le>kSrk Kkiu
vuq"Bku çFkkvksa vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ds fodkl dk çek.k gSA
(MoU) dk vknku&çnku fd;k x;kA blds rgr vestkWu
 LFky ds vo'ks"k çkjafHkd lektksa ds chp fuokl LFkku dh
NksVh bdkb;ksa dks vius mRiknksa ds fu;kZr esa lgk;rk djsxkA
çÑfr esa Øfed ifjorZu dk nLrkosthdj.k djrs gSaA Hkwfexr
 eq[;ea=kh us dgk fd c`gn~ ½.k esys dk dk;ZØe ,e-,l-,e-
vkoklh; xM~<ksa ls] LFky ds lk{; e`nk&lajpukvksa ds
mn~Hko dks n'kkZrs gSa] ml ij feV~Vh&b±Vksa dk fuekZ.k lery bZ- foHkkx (MSME Department) dh 100 fnu dh
”kehu ij gksrk gSA dk;Z;kstuk dk fgLlk gSA
 LFky ls cjken midj.kksa dh Js.kh uoik"kk.kdkyhu euq";ksa dks 4. (c)
dq'ky f'kdkjh cukus vkSj •srh ds fy;s vkStkjksa dk ç;ksx djus O;k[;k% gsuys ikliksVZ lwpdkad] 2022%
esa muds Kku ds fodkl dks n'kkZrh gSA  gsuys ikliksVZ lwpdkad] 2022 esa Hkkjr dks 199 ikliksVZ esa
2. (b) ls oSf'od Lrj ij 87ok¡ LFkku fn;k gSA vr% fodYi (c)
O;k[;k% lgh gSA
 tkiku] flaxkiqj vkSj nf{k.k dksfj;k us o"kZ 2022 ds lwpdkad
jktoa'k laLFkkid
esa 'kh"kZ LFkku çkIr fd;k gSA
jk"VªdwV nafrnqxZ
 bls yanu fLFkr gsuys ,aM ikVZulZ }kjk rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS]
iky xksiky
tks ,d oSf'od ukxfjdrk vkSj fuokl lykgdkj iQeZ gSA
pksy fot;ky;
 ;g lwpdkad baVjus'kuy ,;j Vªkl a iksVZ ,lksfl,'ku (IATA)
pkSgku oklqnso
ls MsVk ,d=k djrk gS tks oSf'od Lrj ij varj&,;jykbu
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA lg;ksx dk çcaèku djrk gSA
3. (a)  gsuys ikliksVZ lwpdkad dks ns'kksa dh ohtk uhfr esa cnyko ds

O;k[;k% 30 twu] 2022 dks mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us c`gn~ ½.k esys vuqlkj =kSekfld :i ls v|ru fd;k tkrk gSA
dk vk;kstu fd;kA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA  gsuys ikliksVZ lwpdkad 199 fofHkUu ikliksVks± dh ohtk&eqDr
 bl c`gn~ ½.k esys dk vk;kstu mÙkj çns'k ds lHkh 75 tuinksa igq¡p dh rqyuk 227 ;k=kk LFkyksa ls djrk gSA ;fn ;k=kk ds
esa fd;k x;k rFkk dkjhxjksa ,oa m|fe;ksa dks ₹16 g”kkj djksM+ fy;s ohtk dh vko';drk ugha gS rks ml ikliksVZ ds fy;s
ds ½.k dk forj.k fd;k x;kA ^1* eku okyk ,d vad fn;k tkrk gSA
 c`gn~ ½.k esys ds volj ij mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us o"kZ 2022&23  ;gh ckr rc ykxw gksrh gS tc vki vkxeu ij ohtk] foftVj
ds fy;s ₹2.95 yk• djksM+ dh okf"kZd ½.k ;kstuk dk dk ijfeV] ;kxarO; ns'k esa ços'k djrs le; bysDVªkWfud ;k=kk
foekspu fd;k rFkk ^,d tuin ,d mRikn ;kstuk* ds çkfèkdj.k (ETA) çkIr dj ldrs gSaA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 2
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
 5. (a) 7. (b)

O;k[;k% dkWuZsfyl Mh gkmVeSu igyk Mp Fkk tks o"kZ 1596 esa O;k[;k% 1 tqykbZ 2022 dks mÙkj çns'k ljdkj }kjk xksj•iqj ds
lqek=kk vkSj carke igq¡pkA ch-vkj-Mh- esfMdy dkWyt s ] xksj•iqj ls lapkjh jksx fu;a=k.k
 o"kZ 1602 esa uhnjySaM jkT; ds tujy us dbZ O;kikfjd daifu;ksa ,oa nLrd vfHk;ku (Communicable Disease Control
dks uhnjySaM dh bZLV bafM;k daiuh esa feyk fn;kA and Dastak Campaign) dks çkjaHk fd;k x;kA vr%
 Mpksa us iqrZxkfy;ksa ls eækl (psUubZ) ds ikl ukxiV~Ve ij fodYi (b) lgh gSA
dCtk dj fy;k vkSj bls nf{k.k Hkkjr esa viuk eq[; x<+ cuk  lapkjh jksx fu;a=k.k vfHk;ku dk vk;kstu 1 ls 31 tqykbZ
fy;kA 2022 rd vkSj balsiQsykbfVl] eysfj;k] Msaxw] iQkbysfj;k
 uoacj 1759 esa gqxyh dh yM+kbZ esa] ftlus Hkkjr esa Mp rFkk fpduxqfu;k dks iQSyus ls jksdus ds fy;s jkT; esa ?kj&?kj
egÙokdka{kkrvksa dks pdukpwj dj fn;k] vaxzs”kh lsuk us Mp nLrd vfHk;ku (Door-To-Door Dastak Campaign) 16 ls
lsuk dks gjk fn;kA 31 tqykbZ 2022 rd vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA

Mp iQSDVjh o"kZ  eq[;ea=kh us dgk fd jkT; esa balsiQsykbfVl ls gksus okyh ekSrksa

elqyhiV~Ve 1605 ij 95 çfr'kr rd fu;a=k.k fd;k x;k gS vkSj 'ks"k 5 çfr'kr

iqfydV 1610 dks fu;af=kr dj jkT; ls bl chekjh dks iwjh rjg •Re dj
1616
fn;k tk,xkA
lwjr
 vfHk;ku ds rgr vk'kk dk;ZdÙkkZ] vk¡xuckM+h dk;ZdÙkkZ]
fceyhiV~Ve 1641
LokLF; foHkkx lesr dbZ foHkkxksa ds deZpkjh vkSj fofHkUu
dfjdky 1645
laxBuksa ds yksx ?kj&?kj tkdj yksxksa dks tkx:d djsaxsA
fpulqjk 1653
8. (b)
dkfleck”kkj] ckjkuxj] iVuk] ckyklksj] usxkiV~Ve 1658
dksphu 1663 O;k[;k% ifjeku (PARIMAN)%
 PARIMAN ftldk vFkZ fo'ys"k.kkRed {ks=kh; lwpuk vkSj
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
6. (a)
jk"Vªh; jktèkkuh {ks=k ds ekufp=k.k ds fy;s iksVZy gSA bls
vxLr 2021 esa vkokl vkSj 'kgjh ekeyksa ds ea=kh gjnhi
O;k[;k% cacbZ nDdu esa igyk jktLo cankscLr 1820 ds n'kd flag iqjh }kjk ykWUp fd;k x;k Fkk] tks jk"Vªh; jktèkkuh {ks=k
esa fd;k x;k FkkA ekaxk x;k jktLo bruk vfèkd Fkk fd cgqr ;kstuk cksMZ (NCRPB) ds vè;{k Hkh gSA
ls LFkkuksa ij fdlku vius xk¡o NksM+dj u, {ks=kksa esa pys x,A  ifjeku csgrj mi&{ks=kh; vkSj LFkkuh; fu;kstu dh lqfoèkk
•jkc e`nk vkSj de ”;knk o"kkZ okys {ks=kksa esa leL;k fo'ks"k ds fy;s ,d e”kcwr ç.kkyh gSA
:i ls xaHkhj FkhA tc o"kkZ ugha gksrh Fkh vkSj iQly •jkc
 ;g Hkw&iksVZy jk"Vªh; jktèkkuh {ks=k (NCR) esa fodsaæhÑr ;kstuk
gksrh Fkh rks fdlkuksa ds fy;s jktLo vnk djuk vlaHko gks
vkSj çcaèku dks csgrj cukus esa enn djsxkA vr% fodYi (b)
tkrk FkkA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
lgh gSA
 1860 ds n'kd ls igys fczVsu esa dPps eky ds rkSj ij vk;kr
dh tkus okyh leLr dikl dk rhu&pkSFkkbZ Hkkx vesfjdk ls  bl iksVZy esa dbZ vkèkkj ekufp=k] mixzg Nfo lsok,¡ vkSj

vkrk FkkA fczVsu ds lwrh oL=kksa ds fofuekZrk dkiQh yacs vjls fofHkUu le; vofèk ds jkf=k çdk'k MsVk gSaA blesa fdlh
ls vesfjdh dikl ij viuh fuHkZjrk ds dkj.k cgqr ijs'kku bykds dk uD'kk ekxZ dh Å¡pkbZ lacaèkh tkudkjh çnku
FksA o"kZ 1857 esa fczVsu esa dikl vkiwfrZ la?k dh LFkkiuk djrk gSA
gqbZ vkSj o"kZ 1859 esa eSupsLVj dkWVu daiuh cukbZ xbZA  bl iksVZy esa Hkwfe mi;ksx] ifjogu] m|ksx] ty] fo|qr] LokLF;]
mudk mís'; nqfu;k ds gj Hkkx esa dikl ds mRiknu dks vkJ;] fojklr vkSj i;ZVu vkSj vkink çcaèku tSls fofHkUu
çksRlkfgr djuk Fkk ftlls dh mudh daiuh dk fodkl gks {ks=kksa ds fooj.k dks doj djrs gq, js•k] fcanq vkSj cgqHkqt
ldsA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA lqfoèkkvksa ds :i esa çLrqr yxHkx 179 ijrsa 'kkfey gSaA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 3
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  ;g fdlh fo'ks"k jkT; ;k f”kys ;k rglhy dh fdlh Hkh 11. (b)
tkudkjh ds fy;s ,d O;kid n`'; dh lqfoèkk çnku djrk gSA
O;k[;k% ygqjknso LFky mÙkj çns'k ds lar dchj uxj f”kys esa
 ;g ft;ks&iksVZy ;g tkuus dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ eap gS fd jk"Vªh;
fLFkr gSA bl LFky us yxHkx 9000&7000 bZlk iwoZ esa ekuo
jktèkkuh {ks=k (NCR) esa dgk¡ vkSj D;k ekStwn gS] blls csgrj
fu;kstu laHko gks ldrk gSA xfrfofèk vkSj pkoy dh •srh dh 'kq#vkr ds çek.k çkIr gq,
gSaA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
9. (c)
 iqjkrRofonksa dks pkoy vkSj taxyh ?kkl nkuksa ls ;qDr dkckZsukb”M
O;k[;k% vfHkèkEe fiVd esa lkr xzaFk gSa ftUgsa mPp ;k vkxs dh lkexzh ds vo'ks"k çkIr gq, gSaA Vhys ds uhps çkphu lH;rk
f'k{kk dgk tkrk gSA ;g ,d nk'kZfud fo'ys"k.k vkSj dh dbZ ijrsa nch gSaA fu"d"kZ ds vkèkkj ij bl {ks=k esa jgus
f'k{k.k dk O;ofLFkrdj.k gS ,oa lU;klh dh fo}rkiw.kZ okys yksxksa us 10,000 o"kZ iwoZ Ñf"k 'kq: dh Fkh tks Hkkjr esa
xfrfofèk çrhr gksrs gSaA ;g eq[; :i ls ckS¼ èkeZ ds fo}kuksa pkoy dh Ñf"k dk lcls çkphu çek.k gSA
ds fy;s FkkA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA  vkokl fu{ksiksa dks ik¡p xquk vLFkk;h laLÑfr vuqØe esa foHkkftr
 fou; fiVd esa la?k ;k eBoklh vkns'k esa 'kkfey gksus
fd;k x;k Fkk] ftlesa çkjafHkd Ñf"k pj.k] rkez ;qx] çkjafHkd
okyksa ds fy;s fu;e vkSj fofu;e 'kkfey FksA fou; fiVd
ykSg ;qx] mÙkjh dkyh ikWfy'k okys e`n~HkkaM (NBPW) vkSj
esa la?k ;k eB esa 'kkfey gksus okyksa ds fy;s fu;e vkSj dkuwu
çkjafHkd 'krkCnh bZlk iwoZ@bZLoh 'kkfey gSaA
'kkfey FksA fou; fiVd esa fHk{kqvksa vkSj fHk{kqf.k;ksa ds eBoklh
 çkjafHkd Ñf"k ds pj.k ds lkaLÑfrd vo'ks"kksa esa Bhdjs] tyh
thou ij ykxw vkpj.k vkSj vuq'kklu ds 227 fu;e 'kkfey
gSaA bls rhu Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS vkSj fu;eksa ds gqbZ vkSj fcuk tyh gqbZ gfM~M;k¡] pkjdksy ds fc•js gq, NksVs
vykok ;g ,oa fu;e ds viokn rFkk mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk VqdM+s] feV~Vh ds NksVs tys gq, VqdM+s] iRFkj dk ,d NksVk
ys•k&tks•k nsrk gS ftuds rgr ,d fu;e ç[;kfir fd;k x;k FkkA VqdM+k vkSj ,d dNq, dk •ksy 'kkfey gSA
 cq¼ dh f'k{kk ekSf•d FkhA yxHkx 25 bZlk iwoZ ;g vè;kiu  bl vofèk ds fljsfed m|ksxksa esa gkFk ls cus yky crZu] dkys
ikyh Hkk"kk esa Jhyadk dh pkSFkh laxhfr esa fy•k x;k FkkA vkSj yky crZu 'kkfey FksA
ifj"knksa esa foHkktu ds ifj.kker% ys•u rhu •aMksa esa Fkk] bUgsa 12. (c)
Øe'k% fou; fiVd] lqÙk fiVd ,oa vfHkèkEe fiVd vkSj bls
f=kfiVd dgk x;kA O;k[;k%
 lqÙk fiVd esa eq[; f'k{k.k ;k èkEe 'kkfey gSAa bls ik¡p fudk; ?kVuk o"kZ
;k laxgz esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSA ;s yach f'k{kk,¡ (nh?k nksvkc esa djkèkku 1326
fudk;)] eè;e yackbZ dh f'k{kk,¡ (efT>e fudk;)] lkekU; jktèkkuh dk fnYyh ls nsofxjh esa LFkkukarj.k 1327
fo"k;ksa ds vuqlkj NksVh f'k{kkvksa ds lewg (lE;qÙk fudk;) lkadsfrd eqæk dk pyu 1329
ppkZ fd;s x, fo"k;ksa (vaxqÙkj fudk;) ds fy;s O;ofLFkr laxzg djkfpy vfHk;ku 1330
rFkk dfork vkSj x| esa fofHkUu çdkj ds NksVs xzaFkksa dk laxzg gSaA
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
10. (b)
13. (c)
O;k[;k%
O;k[;k% 3 tqykbZ] 2022 dks y•uÅ esa varjkZ"Vªh; IykfLVd
'kkld lkezkT; dSjh cSx eqDr fnol ds volj ij bafnjk xkaèkh çfr"Bku
nsoiky iky esa mÙkj çns'k IykfLVd vif'k"V çcaèku dkaDyso] 2022
nafrnqxZ jk"VªdwV dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
Hkkst çfrgkj  bl dkaDyso dh Fkhe ^3R* (fj;wt] fjlkbfdy o fjMÔwl) FkhA
i`Fohjkt III pkSgku  bl volj ij vkxjk uxj vk;qDr fuf•y Vhdkjke dks mÙkj
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA çns'k ds 'kgjh fodkl ,oa ÅtkZ ea=kh us lEekfur fd;kA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 4
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  1 tqykbZ 2022 ls ikWyhLVkbfuu vkSj foLrkfjr ikWyhLVkbfuu  eqtÝiQj tax] pank lkfgc ,oa Úk¡lhfl;ksa dh la;qDr lsuk us
lfgr vfèklwfpr ,flaxy ;wt IykfLVd ds fuekZ.k] vk;kr] o"kZ 1749 esa vacwj ds ;q¼ (osYyksj ds ikl) esa vuoj&mn&nhu
LVkWfdax] forj.k] fcØh vkSj mi;ksx dks çfrcafèkr fd;k x;k gSA dks ijkftr dj mldh gR;k dj nhA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
14. (d) r`rh; dukZVd ;q¼ (1758-63)%
 rhljs dukZVd ;q¼ dk fu.kkZ;d ;q¼ 22 tuojh] 1760
O;k[;k% jk"Vªh; fofèkd lsok çkfèkdj.k (NALSA) ds rRdkyhu dks rfeyukMq ds okafMok'k (;k okaMkoklh) esa vaxzs”kksa }kjk
vè;{k mn; mes'k yfyr us 18oha vf•y Hkkjrh; fofèkd thrk x;k FkkA vaxzs”k tujy vkbjs dksVs (General Eyre
lsok çkfèkdj.k cSBd ds nkSjku Hkkjr dh igyh vkfVZfiQf'k;y Coote) us dkmaV Mh ySyh (Count de Lally) ds usr`Ro okyh
baVsfytsal (AI) lapkfyr] ,aM&Vw&,aM fMftVy yksd vnkyr Úk¡lhlh lsuk dks cqjh rjg ijkftr dj fn;k ,oa ekfDoZl Mh
dk 'kqHkkjaHk fd;kA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA cqlh (Marquis de Bussy) dks canh cuk fy;kA
 NALSA vkSj jktLFkku jkT; fofèkd lsok çkfèkdj.k (RSLSA)  o"kZ 1763 esa isfjl dh 'kkafr dh lafèk us Úk¡lhfl;ksa dks
}kjk 16 ls 17 tqykbZ 2022 rd 18oha vf•y Hkkjrh; fofèkd Hkkjr esa muds iQSfDVª;ksa dks cgky dj fn;k] ;q¼ ds ckn
lsok çkfèkdj.k cSBd dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k FkkA Úk¡lhlh jktuhfrd çHkko lekIr gks x;kA
 jktLFkku jkT; fofèkd lsok çkfèkdj.k (RSLSA 22) }kjk  o"kZ 1759 esa csnkjk ds ;q¼ esa vaxzs”kh lsuk }kjk Mpksa dks
vk;ksftr fMftVy yksd vnkyr dks bldh VsDuksykWth ikVZuj ijkftr fd;k x;k FkkA
tqfifVl tfLVl VsDuksykWtht }kjk fMtkbu vkSj fodflr 16. (b)
fd;k x;k FkkA
O;k[;k% lgk;d lafèk%
 fo'o dh igyh tlVsd (tfLVl VsDuksykWth) daiuh& twfifVl
 ykWMZ osys”kyh }kjk o"kZ 1798 esa vkSj mlds ckn lgk;d
iwjs Hkkjr esa fofHkUu v¼Z&U;kf;d fudk;ksa vkSj oSdfYid fookn lafèk O;oLFkk dh 'kq#vkr dh xbZ FkhA lgk;d lafèk ds rgr
lekèkku (ADR) dsaæksa ds lkFk dk;Z dj jgh gS rkfd fookn vaxzs”k] ckgjh •rjksa vkSj vkarfjd vO;oLFkk ds f•ykiQ Hkkjrh;
lekèkku ds iwjs flLVe dks fMftVy :i esa rCnhy fd;k tk 'kkldksa dh j{kk djus ds fy;s lger gq,] ysfdu cnys esa
lds vkSj mls u;k :i fn;k tk ldsA lgk;d lafèk Lohdkj djus okys Hkkjrh; 'kkldksa dks fczfV'k
 fMftVy yksd vnkyr] vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVfs ytsl a (AI) vkSj ny dh rSukrh ds fy;s lger gksuk Fkk] ftlds j•j•ko ds
CykWdpsu ls lapkfyr gksrh gSA bls jktLFkku jkT; fofèkd lsok fy;s os vaxzs”kksa dks lfClMh dk Hkqxrku djsaxsA vr% dFku 1
çkfèkdj.k (RSLSA) }kjk c<+rs ekeys dh yafcrrk dks •Re lgh gSA
djus ds fy;s 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA  o"kZ 1798 esa vaxzs”kksa ds lkFk lcls igys gSnjkckn ds

15. (b) futke us lgk;d lafèk dh FkhA mUgsa vius njckj ls Úk¡lhlh
vfèkdkfj;ksa dks cnyus vkSj muds LFkku ij vaxzs”kh vfèkdkfj;ksa
O;k[;k% çFke dukZVd ;q¼ (1740-48)% dks j•us ds fy;s etcwj fd;k x;kA mUgksaus lsuk ds j•j•ko
 1746 esa gq, çFke dukZVd ;q¼ dks eækl esa lsaV Fkkse (St. ds fy;s vaxzs”kksa dks csYykjh vkSj dqMIik ds {ks=k Hkh fn;sA vr%
Thome) ds ;q¼ ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS] tks Úk¡lhlh lsukvksa dFku 2 lgh gSA
,oa dukZVd ds uokc vuoj&mn&nhu (Anwar-ud-din) dh  lgk;d lafèk;ksa us egkjktkvksa vkSj uokcksa dh fj;klrksa (;k
lsukvksa ds eè; yM+k x;k Fkk] vuoj&mn&nhu ls vaxzs”kksa us ewy jkT;ksa) dk fuekZ.k fd;k] ftuesa ls çeq• Fks% dksphu
lgk;rk dh vihy dh FkhA (1791)] t;iqj (1794)] =kko.kdksj (1795)] gSnjkckn (1798)
 igyk dukZVd ;q¼ ,sDl&yk&pkSiy (1748) dh lafèk ij vkSj eSlwj (1799)A
gLrk{kj ds lkFk lekIr gqvkA 17. (d)
f}rh; dukZVd ;q¼ (1749-54)% O;k[;k% 3 tqykbZ 2022 dks vkxjk esa uks,Mk ds uhj usgoky vkSj
 Úk¡lhfl;ksa us nDdu ,oa dukZVd esa Øe'k% eqtÝiQj tax rFkk fpjkx lsBh fot; 'kekZ eseksfj;y ;wih bZLV tksu lsysD'ku
pank lkfgc ds nkoksa dk leFkZu fd;k] tcfd vaxzs”kksa us ukflj cSMfeaVu VwukZesaV ds vaMj&19 iq#"k ,dy oxZ esa pSafi;u
tax o vuoj&mn&nhu dk lkFk fn;kA cusA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 5
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  ,dyO; LiksV~lZ LVsfM;e esa gq, vaMj&19 iQkbuy eSp esa  oklukvksa ls eqDr gksdj vkRek dks caèku ls eqDr fd;k tk
uks,Mk ds uhj usgoky us uks,Mk ds gf"kZr rksej dks gjkdj ldrk gSA mudk ekuuk Fkk fd dkfeZd cy ds fo?kVu ls gh
pSafi;uf'ki ij dCtk fd;kA vkRek dks eqfDr fey ldrh gSA muds vuqlkj deks± ds {k;
 uks,Mk ds fpjkx lsBh us ç;kxjkt ds çrhd JhokLro dks ls vkRek ds vkarfjd ewY; dks mtkxj fd;k tk ldrk gS
gjkdj esUl flaxYl dk iQkbuy eSp thr fy;kA ftlls vkRek iw.kZ çdk'k esa pedrh gSA
 iq#"k ;qxy iQkbuy eqdkcys esa fl¼kFkZ lkykj vkSj fl¼kFkZ  tc vkRek vuar egkurk çkIr dj ysrh gS rks og vuar Kku]
feJk dh tksM+h us lgkjuiqj ds paæ Hkw"k.k f=kikBh vkSj dfiy 'kfDr vkSj vkuan ds lkFk ijekRek] 'kq¼ vkRek cu tkrh gSA
pkSèkjh dh tksM+h dks gjkdj f•rkc vius uke fd;kA
 Hkxoku egkohj 24 egku f'k{kdksa dh ijaijk esa vafre FkssA
 ckfydk oxZ vaMj&19 ds McYl esa cLrh dh f'kokaxh flag
™ bu 24 f'k{kdksa dks ftUgksaus thfor jgrs gq, lHkh us Kku
vkSj ruh"kk flag us xksj•iqj vkSj y•uÅ dh vkfnR;k ;kno
o usgy uh: feÙky dh tksMh+ dks gjkdj f•rkc ij dCtk fd;kA (eks{k) çkIr fd;k Fkk vkSj yksxksa dks bldk mins'k fn;k
 efgyk vksiu oxZ esa y•uÅ dh le`f¼ flag vkSj uks,Mk Fkk] rhFk±dj dgk tkrk FkkA
dh lksukyh flag us xkft;kckn vkSj ç;kxjkt dh ekgh ujs'k ™ çFke rhFk±dj ½"kHkukFk FksA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA

vkSj e;wjh ;kno dks gjkdj VªkWiQh ij dCtk fd;kA  tSu èkeZ ds ik¡p fl¼kar gSa%
 bl VwukZesaV esa fotsrk f•ykfM+;ksa ds chp ,d yk• #i, dk ™ vfgalk% tho dks pksV u igq¡pkuk
iqjLdkj forfjr fd;k x;kA ™ lR;% >wB u cksyuk
 feDl McYl vaMj&19 iQkbuy esa vkxjk ds n{k xkSre vkSj
™ vLrs;% pksjh u djuk
cLrh dh f'kokaxh flag us xksj•iqj ds f'koe JhokLro
™ vifjxzg% laifÙk dk lap; u djuk vkSj
vkSj vkfnR; ;kno dh tksM+h dks gjk;kA
™ czãp;Z% fujarjrk dk fujh{k.k djuk
18. (b)
20. (d)
O;k[;k% ç[;kr iqjkrRofon~] bfrgkldkj vkSj ckaXykns'k jk"Vªh;
laxzgky; ds iwoZ egkfuns'kd MkW- bukeqy gd dk tqykbZ O;k[;k% jk"VªdwV lkezkT; esa] jktLo vfèkdkjh ^ukn xoqaMk* ;k
2022 esa fuèku gks x;kA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA ^nslk xzkedwV* dgykrs FksA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd mUgksaus
 MkW- bukeqy gd dks caxky dh vkbduksxzkiQh vkSj VsjkdksVk egkjk"Vª esa ckn ds le; ds ns'keq•ksa vkSj ns'kikaMs ds leku
dyk ij muds dk;Z ds fy;s o"kZ 2020 ds iÁ Jh iqjLdkj dk;ks± dk fuoZgu fd;kA mÙkj Hkkjr esa NksVs&NksVs ljnkjksa ds
ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA
lkFk bl fodkl dk lekt vkSj jktuhfr ij egÙoiw.kZ çHkko
 MkW- bukeqy gd us ckaXykns'k jk"Vªh; laxzgky; dh LFkkiuk esa
iM+kA tSls&tSls bu oa'kkuqxr rRoksa dh 'kfDr c<+rh xbZ] xzke
egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ FkhA mUgsa 1973 esa bldk funs'kd
lfefr;k¡ detksj gksrh xb±A vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
fu;qDr fd;k x;k vkSj 1983&91 ds chp blds egkfuns'kd
ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA MkW- gd dks ckaXykns'k ds fofHkUu 21. (b)
iqjkrkfRod LFkyksa ls dbZ vewY; ewfrZ;ksa dks •kstus vkSj mUgsa O;k[;k% vgkj laLÑfr] ftls cukl laLÑfr ds :i esa Hkh tkuk
lajf{kr djus dk Js; fn;k tkrk gSA tkrk gS] Hkkjr esa nf{k.k&iwohZ jktLFkku jkT; dh vgkj
19. (b) unh ds rV ij ,d rkezik"k.kdkyhu iqjkrkfRod laLÑfr
O;k[;k% tSu èkeZ% gS] tks ledkyhu vkSj flaèkq ?kkVh lH;rk ds fudV 3000 ls
 egkohj ds vuqlkj çR;sd rÙo HkkSfrd vkSj vkè;kfRed 1500 bZlk iwoZ ls pyh vk jgh gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
dkjdksa dk la;kstu FkkA HkkSfrd dkjd uk'koku gS] vkè;kfRed  cukl vkSj cjkd ufn;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk vgkj unh ds fdukjs
dkjd ckgjh gS vkSj yxkrkj •qn dks fodflr dj jgk gSA fLFkr] vgkj&cukl ds yksxksa us dqYgkfM+;ksa vkSj vU; dykÑfr;ksa
mUgksaus dgk fd vkRek deZ ds dkj.k caèku dh voLFkk esa gSA dks cukus ds fy;s vjkoyh Js.kh ds rkacs v;Ld dk nksgu
vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA fd;kA os xsgw¡ vkSj tkS lfgr dbZ iQlyksa ij fuHkZj FksA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 6
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
  nwljh vksj mÙkjk•aM] iatkc] vle vkSj rfeyukMq tSls
jkT;ksa dks yhMlZ Js.kh (Leaders Category) esa 'kkfey fd;k
x;k gS] tcfd NÙkhlx<+] eè; çns'k] jktLFkku] fnYyh
vkfn dks vLikbfjax yhMlZ Js.kh esa pquk x;k gSA
 vkaèkz çns'k vkSj fcgkj dks beft±x LVkVZ&vi bdksflLVe
(Emerging Startup Ecosystem) Js.kh esa 'kkfey fd;k x;kA
24. (b)

O;k[;k% fnukad 22 tqykbZ 2022 dks jk"Vªh; ehfM;k dsaæ esa 68osa
jk"Vªh; fiQYe iqjLdkj] 2020 dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZA
 blds varxZr] eè; çns'k dks ^eksLV fiQYe ÚsaMyh LVsV*
dk iqjLdkj fn;k x;kA blds vykok mÙkj çns'k vkSj mÙkjk•aM
dks ^eksLV fiQYe ÚsaMyh LVsV (Lis'ky esa'ku)* dk vokWMZ
fn;k x;kA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
22. (d)  varjkZ"Vªh; fiQYeksa] Vhoh èkkjkokfgdksa vkSj osc lhjht ds fy;s
₹10 djksM+ rd ds foÙkh; vuqnku dk çkoèkku gSA jk"Vªh;
O;k[;k%
iQhpj fiQYeksa ds fy;s ₹2 djksM+ ;k cukus dh ykxr dk 25%
'kkld 'kklu vkSj Vhoh èkkjkokfgdksa vkSj osc lhjht ds fy;s ₹1 djksM+ ;k
f•tz •ku 1414&21 cukus dh ykxr dk 25%A lkFk gh MkWD;wesaVªh ds fy;s vfèkdre
eqckjd 'kkg 1421&34 ₹40 yk• dk foÙkh; vuqnku fn;k tk,xkA
eqgEen 'kkg 1434&43  rfey fiQYe ^lksjkjbZ iksV:* dks o"kZ dh loZJs"B fiQYe
vkye 'kkg 1443&51 ?kksf"kr dj fn;k x;k gSA
 blesa vk'kk ikjs• dks nknk lkgc iQkYds iqjLdkj ls uoktk
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
x;k gSA
23. (a)
 lw;kZ us viuh fiQYe ^lksjkjbZ iksV:* ds fy;s loZJs"B
O;k[;k% LVkVZ&vi bdksflLVe jSafdax] 2022 ds rhljs laLdj.k vfHkusrk dk iqjLdkj thrkA
esa mÙkj çns'k dks yhMj Js.kh (Leader Category) esa 'kkfey  eukst eqarf'kj dks fganh fiQYe ^lkbuk* ds fy;s csLV fyfjDl
fd;k x;k gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA dk vokWMZ feyk gSA
 bls 4 tqykbZ 2022 dks m|ksx ,oa vkarfjd O;kikj lao¼Zu 25. (b)
foHkkx }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k FkkA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
O;k[;k%
 LVkVZ&vi bZdksflLVe jSafdax LVkVZ&vi lqèkkjksa ls tqM+s 7 {ks=kksa
 eqxy lkezkT; ds iru ds dkj.k mHkjs jkT;ksa dks fuEufyf•r
ij vkèkkfjr FkhA fjiksVZ jkT;ksa dks 5 Jsf.k;ksa esa foHkkftr djrh gS%
rhu O;kid Jsf.k;ksa esa oxhZÑr fd;k tk ldrk gS%
1. csLV ijiQkWeZlZ 2. VkWi ijiQkWeZlZ
™ mÙkjkfèkdkjh jkT;%
3. yhMlZ 4. vLikbfjax yhMlZ
 ;s eqxy çkar Fks tks lkezkT; ls vyx gksdj jkT;ksa esa
5. beft±x LVkVZ&vi bdksflLVe :ikarfjr gks x,A
 fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj] LVkVZ&vi bdksflLVe esa lcls vkxs xqtjkr vkSj  gkyk¡fd mUgksaus eqxy 'kkld dh laçHkqrk dks pqukSrh ugha
dukZVd csLV ijiQksfe±x LVsV (Best Performing States) gSAa nh] ysfdu muds xouZjksa }kjk Lora=k vkSj oa'kkuqxr lÙkk
 dsjy] egkjk"Vª] vksfM'kk vkSj rsyaxkuk dks VkWi ijiQkWeZlZ dh LFkkiuk us bu {ks=kksa esa Lok;Ùk 'kklu ds mn; dks
LVsV@jkT;ksa esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA fn•k;kA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 7
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 Â mÙkjkfèkdkjh jkT; voèk] caxky vkSj gSnjkckn FksA 28. (c)
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
O;k[;k% oYMZ ikWiqys'ku çkWLisDV~l 2022%
™ Lora=k jkT;%
 la;qDr jk"Vª ds vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd ekeyksa ds foHkkx]
 ;s jkT; eq[; :i ls çkarksa ij eqxy fu;a=k.k dh tula[;k çHkkx }kjk tkjh n oYMZ ikWiqys'ku çkWLisDV~l
vfLFkjrk ds dkj.k vfLrRo esa vk,A ;s eSlwj vkSj 2022 ds vuqlkj] oSf'od tula[;k 15 uoacj 2022 dks vkB
jktiwr jkT; FksA fcfy;u rd igqa¡pus dk vuqeku gSA
™ uohu jkT;%  oSf'od tula[;k o"kZ 1950 ds ckn ls viuh lcls èkheh nj
 ;s eqxy lkezkT; ds f•ykiQ foæksfg;ksa }kjk LFkkfir jkT; ls c<+ jgh gS] tks 2020 esa 1% ls de gks xbZ gSA
Fks] ,sls jkT; ejkBk] fl• vkSj tkV jkT; FksA  o"kZ 2080 ds nkSjku tula[;k yxHkx 10.4 fcfy;u yksxksa

26. (b) ds 'kh"kZ rd igq¡pus vkSj o"kZ 2100 rd ml Lrj ij cus jgus
dk vuqeku gSA
O;k[;k% o"kZ 1856 esa tkjh igyh yxku cankscLr ç.kkyh] ,deq'r  bl fjiksVZ esa dgk x;k gS fd ¶Hkkjr }kj o"kZ 2023 ds nkSjku
cankscLr bl ekU;rk ij vkèkkfjr Fkk fd rkYyqdnkj fcpkSfy;s fo'o dh lcls vfèkd vkcknh okys ns'k ds :i esa phu
Fks ftuds ikl tehu dk ekfydkuk gd ugha FkkA mUgksusa cy dks ikj djus dk vuqeku gSA¸ vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
vkSj èkks•kèkM+h ds tfj;s viuk çHkqRo LFkkfir fd;k gqvk FkkA  o"kZ 2022 esa nqfu;k ds nks lcls vfèkd vkcknh okys {ks=k iwohZ
,deq'r cankscLr esa rkYyqdnkjksa dks mudh tehu ls csn•y vkSj nf{k.k&iwohZ ,f'k;k Fks] ftlesa 2.3 fcfy;u yksx jgrs
fd;k tkus yxkA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA Fks] tks oSf'od vkcknh dk 29% çfrfufèkRo djrs Fks vkSj
 rkYyqdnkjksa ds foLFkkiu dk eryc Fkk ,d iwjh lkekftd eè; vkSj nf{k.kh ,f'k;k] 2.1 fcfy;u ds lkFk] dqy fo'o
O;oLFkk dk Hkax gksukA oiQknkjh vkSj laj{k.k ds lacaèk tks tula[;k dk 26% çfrfufèkRo djrs FksA
fdlku dks rkYyqdnkj ls ckaèkrs Fks] vLr&O;Lr gks x,A vaxzs”kksa  phu vkSj Hkkjr us bu {ks=kksa esa lcls cM+h vkcknh ds fy;s
ls iwoZ ds rkYyqdnkj yksxksa dk mRihM+u djrs Fks] ysfdu muesa ftEesnkj gS] o"kZ 2022 esa çR;sd ns'k esa 1.4 fcfy;u ls vfèkd
ls dbZ ,sls Hkh Fks tks mnkj firk dh Nfo j•rs Fks D;ksafd os vkcknh ntZ dh xbZ FkhA
fdlkuksa ls rjg&rjg ds en esa èku rks olwyrs Fks ysfdu cqjs  o"kZ 2050 rd oSf'od tula[;k esa vuqekfur o`f¼ dk

le; esa fdlkuksa dh lgk;rk Hkh djrs FksA vr% dFku 2 vkèks ls vfèkd dkaxks yksdrkaf=kd x.kjkT;] felz] bfFk;ksfi;k]
Hkkjr] ukbthfj;k] ikfdLrku] fiQyhihal vkSj ratkfu;k ds fliQZ
lgh gSA
vkB ns'kksa esa dsafær gksxkA
27. (b)
 ¶nqfu;k ds lcls cM+s ns'kksa esa vleku tula[;k o`f¼ nj] vkdkj
O;k[;k% 5 tqykbZ 2022 dks mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us fp=kdwV f”kys ds vkèkkj ij mudh jSafdax dks ifjofrZr dj nsxh] mnkgj.k ds
esa gjh'kadjh ds ikSèks jksidj ou egksRlo vfHk;ku (Van fy;s] ,slk vuqeku gS fd Hkkjr o"kZ 2023 esa fo'o ds lcls
Mahotsav Campaign) dh 'kq#vkr dhA vr% fodYi (b) vfèkd vkcknh okys ns'k ds :i esa phu ls vkxs fudy
lgh gSA ldrk gSA¸
 bl fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj] phu dh 1.426 fcfy;u dh rqyuk
 bl ekSds ij mÙkj çns'k ds eq[;ea=kh us dgk fd cqansy•aM esa
esa o"kZ 2022 esa Hkkjr dh tula[;k 1.412 fcfy;u gks
çkÑfrd •srh vkSj ckxokuh dks c<+kok fn;k tk,xkA
xbZ gSA
 bl vfHk;ku ds rgr çns'k esa 35 djksM+ ikSèks yxkus dk
 Hkkjr] tks o"kZ 2023 rd nqfu;k ds lcls vfèkd vkcknh
y{; gSA blesa 5 tqykbZ 2022 dks ,d fnu esa 25 djksM+ okys ns'k ds :i esa phu dks ihNs NksM+ nsxk] o"kZ 2050
vkSj 15 vxLr 2022 dks 5 djksM+ ikSèks jksis x,A esa 1.668 fcfy;u dh vkcknh okyk ns'k gksus dk vuqeku
 fp=kdwV f”kys esa Vkbxj fj”koZ ikdZ cuk;k tk,xk] tgk¡ gS] tks lnh ds eè; rd phu ds 1.317 fcfy;u yksxksa ls
ck?kksa dks yk;k tk,xkA cgqr vfèkd gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 8
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  bl fjiksVZ esa ;g Hkh dgk x;k gS fd ;g vuqeku gS fd nl 30. (b)
ns'kksa us o"kZ 2010 vkSj o"kZ 2021 ds chp 1 fefy;u ls
O;k[;k% pksy lkezkT; (900-1200)%
vfèkd çokfl;ksa ds 'kq¼ cfgokZg dk vuqHko fd;kA vr%
 pksy lkezkT; dk laLFkkid fot;ky; Fkk] tks igys iYyoksa
dFku 2 lgh gSA
dk lkear FkkA mlus 850 bZ esa ratkSj ij dCtk dj fy;kA ukSoha
29. (b) 'krkCnh ds var rd] pksyksa us dkaph (rksaMbZeaMye) ds iYyoksa
O;k[;k% ckS¼ èkeZ% dks gjk fn;k vkSj ikaMÔksa dks de”kksj dj fn;k] ftlls nf{k.kh
 ghu;ku%
rfey ns'k muds fu;a=k.k esa vk x;kA ysfdu pksyksa dks jk"VªdwVksa
ds f•ykiQ viuh fLFkfr dh j{kk ds fy;s dM+h esgur djuh
™ oLrqr% NksVk okgu] ftls ifjR;Dr okgu ;k nks"kiw.kZ
iM+hA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
okgu ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA ;g cq¼ dh ewy
 jktsaæ çFke ds 'kkludky esa lcls mYys•uh; dkjukeksa esa ls
f'k{kk ;k ^cM+ksa ds fl¼kar* esa fo'okl djrk gSA
,d dfyax ls caxky rd ekpZ Fkk ftlesa pksy lsukvksa us xaxk
™ ;g ewfrZ iwtk esa fo'okl ugha djrk gS vkSj vkRe vuq'kklu
unh dks ikj fd;k vkSj nks LFkkuh; jktkvksa dks gjk;kA ,d
rFkk è;ku ds ekè;e ls O;fDrxr eks{k çkIr djus dk ç;kl pksy lsukifr ds usr`Ro esa ;g vfHk;ku 1022 esa gqvk vkSj
djrk gSA mlh ekxZ dh mYVh fn'kk r; dh x;h ftldk egku fotsrk
™ Fksjokn ghu;ku laçnk; dk ,d fgLlk gSA leqæxqIr us vuqlj.k fd;k FkkA
™ çFke ckS¼ laxhfr% cq¼ ds egkifjfuokZ.k ds rqjar ckn  bl volj dks eukus ds fy;s] jktsaæ çFke us xaxbZdksaMkpksyk
yxHkx 483 bZlk iwoZ jktk vtkr'k=kq ds laj{k.k esa vkSj (xaxk ij fot; çkIr djus okys pksy) dh mikfèk èkkj.k dhA
,d fHk{kq egkd';i dh vè;{krk esa bldk vk;kstu mUgksaus dkosjh unh ds eqgkus ds ikl ,d ubZ jktèkkuh dk
fd;k x;k FkkA fuekZ.k fd;k vkSj bls xaxbZdksaMkpksyiqje (xaxk ij fot;
™ bl laxhfr dk vk;kstu jktx`g esa lÙkkikuh xqiQk esa fd;k çkIr djus okys pksy dk 'kgj) dgkA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
x;k FkkA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA 31. (c)
™ laxhfr cq¼ dh f'k{kkvksa (lqÙk) vkSj f'k";ksa ds fy;s fu;eksa O;k[;k%
dks lajf{kr djus ds mís'; ls vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA bl
LFky unh
ifj"kn ds nkSjku cq¼ dh f'k{kkvksa dks rhu fiVdksa esa foHkkftr
gM+Iik jkoh
fd;k x;k FkkA
eksgutksnM+ks flaèk
™ çkjaHk esa fliQZ iq#"k gh la?k esa lfEefyr gks ldrs FksA ckn
Hkxokuiqjk ljLorh
esa efgykvksa dks Hkh vuqefr feyhA ckS¼ xzaFkksa ds vuqlkj]
lqRdkxsaMksj nk'd
;g cq¼ ds lcls fç; f'k";ksa esa ls ,d vkuan dh eè;LFkrk
ds ekè;e ls laHko gqvk] ftUgksaus mUgsa efgykvksa dks la?k vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
esa vuqefr nsus ds fy;s jkth fd;kA cq¼ dh miekrk] 32. (b)
egkçtkifr xkSreh la?k esa vkus okyh igyh fHkD•quh O;k[;k% fnYyh lYrur dk dsaæh; ç'kklu%
cuhaA dbZ fL=k;k¡ tks la?k esa vkbZa] os èkEe dh minsf'kdk,¡  lqYrku eaf=k;ksa dk p;u djrk gS vkSj os mldh bPNk ls in
cu xbZaA vkxs pydj os Fksjh cuh ftldk eryc gS ,slh ij cus jgrs gSaA
efgyk,¡ ftUgksaus fuokZ.k çkIr dj fy;k gksA la?k esa ços'k  uk;c dk in lcls 'kfDr'kkyh gksrk FkkA uk;c O;kogkfjd
djus okyh dbZ efgyk,¡ èkEe dh f'kf{kdk cu xb± vkSj :i ls lqYrku dh lHkh 'kfDr;ksa dk miHkksx djrk Fkk vkSj
Fksfjl ;k lEekfur efgyk cu xb±] ftUgksaus eqfDr çkIr dh lHkh foHkkxksa ij lkekU; fu;a=k.k j•rk FkkA vr% dFku 1
FkhA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA lgh gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 9
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  uk;c ds ckn othj dk LFkku FkkA othj ^nhoku&,&fotkjr* 35. (d)
uked foÙk foHkkx dk çeq• FkkA
O;k[;k% fczfV'k daiuh ds vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk daiuh ds nLrd ;k
 fnYyh lYrur ds lSU; foHkkx dks ^nhoku&,&vtZ* dgk tkrk
VªsM ijfeV ds nq#i;ksx ds ifj.kkeLo:i caxky ds uokc
FkkA bldh vè;{krk ^vkfjts&,&eqekfyd* }kjk dh tkrh FkhA
vkSj vaxzs”kksa ds chp fookn gks x;kA
lsuk dk lsukifr lqYrku gksrk FkkA lSU; foHkkx dh LFkkiuk
 ehj dkfle (caxky ds uokc)] 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk (voèk
lcls igys cycu us dh Fkh] ftls vykmíhu f•yth us
ds uokc) vkSj 'kkg vkye f}rh; (eqxy lezkV) dh
vkSj csgrj cuk;kA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
la;qDr lsukvksa dks 22 vDrwcj 1764 dks cDlj esa estj gsDVj
 vykmíhu f•yth us gqfy;k vkSj nkx ç.kkyh dh 'kq#vkr
equjks ds vèkhu vaxzs”kh lsuk us gjk;kA bl ;q¼ dks cDlj dk
dhA og vius lSfudksa dks udn osru nsus okyk igyk lqYrku
;q¼ dgk tkrk gSA
Hkh FkkA
 jkWcVZ Dykbo us vxLr 1765 esa bykgkckn esa nks egÙoiw.kZ
33. (b)
lafèk;k¡ dh] ,d voèk ds uokc ds lkFk vkSj nwljh eqxy
O;k[;k% 8 tqykbZ 2022 dks Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; jktekxZ çkfèkdj.k lezkV 'kkg vkye f}rh; ds lkFk] bls bykgkckn dh lafèk
(NHAI) ds ifj;kstuk funs'kd us crk;k fd ,fiQy VkWoj ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA
dh rtZ ij ç;kxjkt esa xaxk ds fdukjs fjoj vkVZ xSyjh  uokc 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk ds lkFk lafèk%
(River Art Gallery) cukbZ tk,xhA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA ™ uokc 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk us bykgkckn vkSj dM+k] lezkV 'kkg
 ;g ns'k dh bdykSrh ,slh fjoj vkVZ xSyjh gksxh] tgk¡ ns'k&nqfu;k vkye f}rh; dks lkSaius ij lgefr O;Dr dhA vr% dFku
ds i;ZVd dqaHk vkSj ç;kxjkt dh laLÑfr ds jaxksa ls lhèkk 4 lgh gSA
:c: gks ldsaxsA ç;kxjkt ds vykok ukfld] mTtSu vkSj ™ uokc 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk us daiuh dks ;q¼ {kfriwfrZ ds :i
gfj}kj esa Hkh dqaHk dk jax fn•sxkA esa ₹50 yk• nsus ij lgefr O;Dr dhA vr% dFku 1
 ç;kxjkt esa ços'k djus ls igys i;ZVd bl nh?kkZ esa vkdj lgh ugha gSA
vkè;kfRed uxjh dh laLÑfr vkSj fojklr ds lkFk&lkFk dyk
™ uokc 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk cukjl ds tehankj cyoar flag dks
dh Hkh >yd ik ldsaxsA
viuh laifÙk dk iwjk vfèkdkj nsus ds fy;s lger gks
 i;ZVd v•kM+ksa ds 'kadjkpk;ks± vkSj ukxk lU;kfl;ksa ds fp=kksa
x,A vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
vkSj mudh HkfDr vkSj lkèkuk ls Hkh ifjfpr gks ldsaxsA
 'kkg vkye f}rh; ds lkFk lafèk%
 bl fjoj vkVZ xSyjh rd igq¡pus ds fy;s nksuksa rjiQ dSIlwy
™ 'kkg vkye II daiuh ds laj{k.k esa voèk ds uokc }kjk
fyÝV yxkbZ tk,xhA xSyjh ds nwljh rjiQ ,d fjokWfYoax jsLVksjsaV
mls lkSais tkus ds fy;s bykgkckn esa jgus gsrq lger gks
cukus dk Hkh çLrko gSA
x;kA vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA
34. (b)
™ 'kkg vkye f}rh; ₹26 yk• ds okf"kZd Hkqxrku ds ,ot

O;k[;k% tqykbZ 2022 esa] mÙkj çns'k dSfcusV us jkT; dks 1 fVªfy;u esa bZLV bafM;k daiuh dks caxky] fcgkj vkSj mM+hlk dh
MkWyj dh vFkZO;oLFkk cukus ds y{; dks çkIr djus ds fy;s nhokuh nsus dk iQjeku tkjh djus ij lger gks x;kA
MsykWbV Vp rksgekRlq bafM;k dks ,d lykgdkj ds :i ™ 'kkg vkye f}rh; us mDr çkarksa ds futker dk;ks± (lSU;
esa fu;qDr fd;kA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA j{kk] iqfyl vkSj U;k; ç'kklu) ds cnys esa daiuh dks ₹53
 ;g dne o"kZ 2024&25 rd Hkkjr dks 5 fVªfy;u yk• ds çkoèkku ij lgefr O;Dr dhA
vFkZO;oLFkk cukus ds çèkkuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh ds lius dks lkdkj
36. (b)
djus dh fn'kk esa mBk;k x;k dne FkkA mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us
jkT; dh vFkZO;oLFkk dks 1 fVªfy;u MkWyj dh vFkZO;oLFkk O;k[;k% fleyk (orZeku f'keyk) dh LFkkiuk xksj[kk ;q¼
cukus dk y{; j•k gSA (1815&16) ds nkSjku dh xbZA vaxzs”k&ejkBk ;q¼ (1818)

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 10
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
 ds dkj.k vaxzs”kksa dh fnypLih ekmaV vkcw esa cuh tcfd  yqyq xzqi dk ;g ik¡pok¡ 'kkWfiax ekWy gSA daiuh ç;kxjkt
nkthZfyax dks o"kZ 1835 esa flfDde ds jktkvksa ls Nhuk vkSj okjk.klh esa u, 'kkWfiax ekWy ij Hkh dk;Z dj jgh gSA
x;k FkkA ;s fgy LVs'ku iQkSft;ksa dks Bgjkus] ljgn dh pkSdlh 38. (b)
djus vkSj nq'eu ds f•ykiQ geyk cksyus ds fy;s egÙoiw.kZ
O;k[;k% Hkkjrh; iqjkrÙo loZs{k.k (ASI) dukZVd ds dycqxhZ f”kys
LFkku FksA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
esa dkukxugYyh (lUufr LFky dk fgLlk) ds ikl Hkhek
 Hkkjrh; igkM+ksa dh e`nq vkSj BaMh tyok;q dks iQk;ns dh pht
unh ds rV ij çkphu ckS¼ LFky dk laj{k.k djsxkA vr%
ekuk tkrk Fkk] •klrkSj ls blfy;s dh vaxzs”k xeZ ekSle dks
fodYi (b) lgh gSA
chekfj;k¡ iSnk djus okyk ekurs FksA mUgsa xfeZ;ksa ds dkj.k
 laj{k.k ifj;kstuk ds rgr •qnkbZ esa çkIr egk Lrwi ds vo'ks"kksa
gStk vkSj eysfj;k dh lcls ”;knk vk'kadk jgrh FkhA lsuk
dh Hkjh Hkjde ekStwnxh ds dkj.k ;s LFkku igkfM+;ksa esa ,d dks fcuk fdlh vyadj.k ds mudh ewy fLFkfr esa iquLFkkZfir
ubZ rjg dh Nkouh cu x,A fd;k tk,xk vkSj lkFk gh leku vkdkj vkSj cukoV dh
uo&fufeZr b±Vksa dk mi;ksx djds v;kdk IysViQkWeks± (Ayaka
 D;ksafd fgy LVs'kuksa dh tyok;q ;wjksi dh BaMh tyok;q
Platforms) ds fxjs gq, fgLlksa dk iqufuZekZ.k djsxhA
ls feyrh tqyrh Fkh blfy;s os u, 'kkldksa ds fy;s
vkd"kZd xarO; cu x,A ok;ljk; vius iwjs veys ds lkFk mR•uu ds fu"d"kZ%
gj lky xfeZ;ksa esa fgy LVs'kuksa ij gh Msjk Mky fy;k djrs FksA  v'kksd ds f'kykys•%

 o"kZ 1864 esa ok;ljk; tkWu ykWjsal us vfèkÑr :i ls ™ v'kksd ds f'kykys•ksa ds lkFk&lkFk iRFkjksa vkSj xqiQkvksa

viuh dkmafly f'keyk esa LFkkukarfjr dj nh vkSj bl dh nhokjksa ij rhl ls vfèkd f'kykys•ksa dk laxzg gS] ekS;Z
rjg xeZ ekSle esa jktèkkfu;k¡ cnyus ds flyflys ij lkezkT; ds lezkV v'kksd us budk fuekZ.k djok;k Fkk]
fojke yxk fn;kA f'keyk Hkkjrh; lsuk ds dekaMj bu phiQ ftUgksaus 268 bZlk iwoZ ls 232 bZlk iwoZ rd 'kklu fd;k FkkA
(çèkku lsukifr) dk Hkh vfèkÑr vkokl cu x;kA vr% dFku  egk Lrwi%
2 lgh gSA ™ ,d egk Lrwi dh •kst dh xbZ Fkh ftls f'kykys•ksa esa

37. (c) vèkksyksd egk pSR; (uhnjyksd dk egku Lrwi) ds :i

esa lanfHkZr fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ :i ls
O;k[;k% 10 tqykbZ 2022 dks mÙkj çns'k ds eq[;ea=kh us y•uÅ
lezkV v'kksd dk fHkfÙkfp=k mudh jkfu;ksa vkSj efgyk
esa Hkkjr ds lcls cM+s ^yqyq 'kkWfiax ekWy* (Lulu Shopping
ifjpkjdksa ls f?kjk gqvk FkkA
Mall) dk mn~?kkVu fd;k] bldk fuekZ.k ₹2 g”kkj djksM+ dh
39. (b)
ykxr ls fd;k x;k FkkA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
 y•uÅ dh lq'kkar xksYiQ flVh esa 'kghn iFk ij djhc 22 O;k[;k% Lrwi (laLÑr vFkZ Vhyk) dk mn~Hko ,d xksyk¼Z fy;s
yk• oxZiQhV esa ekWy dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gSA gq, feV~Vh ds Vhys ls gqvk] ftls ckn esa vaM dgk x;kA
 bldk eq[; vkd"kZ.k ;gk¡ cuk jkT; dk lcls cM+k gkbijekdZsV èkhjs&èkhjs bldh lajpuk ”;knk tfVy gks xbZ ftlesa dbZ pkSdksj
vkSj xsfeax tksu gSA blds vykok ;gk¡ 'kknh dh •jhnkjh ds vkSj xksy vkdkjksa dk larqyu cuk;k x;kA vaM ds Åij ,d
fy;s osfMax ,jhuk vkSj euksjatu ds fy;s 11 LØhu okyk gfeZdk gksrh FkhA ;g NTts tSlk <k¡pk nsorkvksa ds ?kj dk
lqijIysDl Hkh rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA çrhd FkkA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
 ;gk¡ varjkZ"Vªh; ekud vkSj lqfoèkk,¡ eqgS;k djkbZ tkrh gSa]  gfeZdk ls ,d eLrwy fudyrk Fkk ftls ;f"V dgrs Fks ftl
ns'k&fons'k ds czkaM ds lkeku dh •jhnkjh dh tk ldrh gSA ij vDlj ,d N=kh yxh gksrh FkhA Vhys ds pkjksa vksj ,d
ekWy ds vanj 15 jsLrjka] 25 vkmVysV vkSj 1600 yksxksa ds osfndk gksrh Fkh tks ifo=k LFky dks lkekU; nqfu;k ls vyx
cSBus dh {kerk okyk ,d iQwM dksVZ gSA djrh FkhA
 blesa rhu g”kkj okguksa dh ikfd±x {kerk gSA 50 g”kkj yksx  Lrwiksa dh osfndkvksa vkSj LraHkksa ij feys vfHkys•ksa ls bUgsa
,d lkFk 'kkWfiax dj ldrs gSaA cukus vkSj ltkus ds fy;s fn;s x, nku dk irk pyrk

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 11
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 gSA dqN nku jktkvksa ds }kjk fn;s x, Fks (tSls lkrokgu oa'k  bls flaèkq ?kkVh lH;rk ds lcls iwohZ LFky ds :i esa Hkh
ds jktk)] rks dqN nku f'kYidkjksa vkSj O;kikfj;ksa dh Jsf.k;ksa tkuk tkrk gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
}kjk fn;s x,A mnkgj.k ds fy;s] lk¡ph ds ,d rksj.k }kj dk  bl LFky ij ,d NksVs VsjkdksVk eudk tSlh lajpuk feyh gS]
fgLlk gkFkh nk¡r dk dke djus okys f'kYidkjksa ds nku ls ftl ij lksus dk ysi yxk gqvk gS vkSj diM+s ds lk{; feys gSaA
cuk;k x;k FkkA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA  ;gk¡ f=kHkqt] eksj vkSj fxygjh dh Nki okys crZu Hkh feys gSaA
 lSdM+ksa efgykvksa vkSj iq#"kksa us nku ds vfHkys•ksa esa viuk uke
42. (a)
crk;k gSA dHkh&dHkh os vius xk¡o ;k 'kgj dk uke crkrs gSa
vkSj dHkh&dHkh viuk is'kk vkSj fj'rsnkjksa ds uke Hkh crkrs O;k[;k% fiQjkst 'kkg rqxyd (1351-1388 bZLoh)%
gSaA bu bekjrksa dks cukus esa fHkD•qvksa vkSj fHkD•qfu;ksa us Hkh  fiQjkst 'kkg rqxyd] rqxyd oa'k ds egÙoiw.kZ 'kkldksa esa ls
nku fn;kA ,d FkkA
40. (c)  mlus •ku&,&tgk¡ edcwy] tksfd ,d rsyqxw czkã.k Fkk dks
othj (çèkkuea=kh) ds :i esa fu;qDr fd;kA othj us lqYrku
O;k[;k% dqrqcqíhu ,scd (1206&10)
dks mlds ç'kklu esa enn dh vkSj bl vofèk ds nkSjku lYrur
 dqrqcqíhu ,scd xqyke oa'k dk laLFkkid FkkA og eqgEen xksjh
dk rqdhZ xqyke Fkk] ftlus rjkbu dh yM+kbZ ds ckn Hkkjr esa dh çfr"Bk dks cuk, j•kA
rqdhZ lYrur ds foLrkj esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ vkSj mls  vius in xzg.k ds ckn fiQjkst dks fnYyh lYrur ds fo?kVu

xksjh dh Hkkjrh; laifÙk dk xouZj cuk;k x;kA vr% fodYi dks jksdus dh leL;k dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA nDdu vkSj nf{k.k
(c) lgh gSA Hkkjr ij vius vfèkdkj dks iqu% LFkkfir djus ds ctk;] mlus
mÙkj Hkkjr ij vius vfèkdkj dks lqjf{kr j•us dk ç;kl fd;k
vkjke'kkg (1210)
 dqrqcqíhu ,scd dk iq=k] tks vius firk dk mÙkjkfèkdkjh Fkk]
x;kA
ysfdu ,d v{ke 'kkld Fkk] rqdhZ ds vehjksa us mldk fojksèk  mUgksaus caxky esa nks vliQy vfHk;kuksa dk usr`Ro fd;k] ftlds

fd;kA mlus dsoy vkB eghus 'kklu fd;kA ifj.kkeLo:i] og fnYyh lYrur ds fu;a=k.k ls eqDr gks x,A
 fiQjkst us tktuxj (vkèkqfud mM+hlk) ds f•ykiQ ,d vfHk;ku
bYrqrfe'k (1210-1236)
 Hkkjr esa rqdhZ 'kklu dk okLrfod 'kkld FkkA og byckjh
dk usr`Ro fd;kA og iqjh txUukFk eafnj tSls eafnjksa ls çkIr
tutkfr ds Fks vkSj blfy;s muds oa'k dks byckjh oa'k ds uke èku&laink dks ywVdj okil ykSVkA mlus uxjdksV ds f•ykiQ
ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA vfHk;ku fd;k vkSj mlds 'kkld dks 'kqYd nsus ds fy;s ckè;
fd;kA
#duqíhu fiQjkst 'kkg (1236)
 bl vfHk;ku ds nkSjku] lqYrku us Tokykeq•h eafnj ds iqLrdky;
 bYrqrfe'k dk T;s"B iq=k ftls vehjksa us xíh ij fcBk;k FkkA
mlus fnYyh esa gkfFk;ksa ij lokj gksdj lksuk ck¡Vk vkSj ljdkj ls 1300 laLÑr ikaMqfyfi;k¡ ,d=k dh vkSj vfjtqíhu •ku
dks 'kkg rqdkZu (ewy :i ls rqdhZ ukSdjkuh) }kjk fu;af=kr fd;k ^nykby&,&fiQjkst'kkgh* }kjk mudk iQkjlh esa vuqokn
tkrk FkkA tc eqYrku ds xouZj us foæksg fd;k rks #duqíhu us djok;kA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
ml foæksg dks nckus ds fy;s dwp fd;kA bl volj dk mi;ksx 43. (d)
djrs gq,] jft;k us fnYyh ds vehjksa ds leFkZu ls] fnYyh
O;k[;k% gky gh esa mÙkj&eè; jsyos (NCR) dk ç;kxjkt fMohtu
lYrur ds flagklu ij dC”kk dj fy;kA fiQjkst 'kkg vkSj
ns'k dk igyk ,slk fMohtu cu x;k gS] tgk¡ lapkfyr
'kkg rqdkZu nksuksa dks ekSr ds ?kkV mrkj fn;k x;kA
338 esy&,Dlçsl Vªsuksa esa 272 dh vfèkdre LihM vc
41. (d)
130 fdeh- çfr ?kaVk gks xbZ gSA ;g vk¡dM+k Hkkjrh; jsy ds
O;k[;k% vkyexhjiqj% lHkh 68 jsy fMohtuksa esa lokZfèkd gSA vr% fodYi (d)
 vkyexhjiqj mÙkj çns'k ds esjB f”kys esa fLFkr gSA lgh gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 12
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  jsyos vfèkdkfj;ksa dk nkok gS fd o"kZ 2025 esa gksus okys dqaHk f}rh; vkaXy&ejkBk 1- is'kok ds lkFk csflu dh lafèk
esys ls igys ç;kxjkt eaMy esa pyus okyh lHkh Vªsuksa dh ;q¼ (1803-05) (1802)
LihM 160 fdyksehVj çfr ?kaVk gks tk,xhA
2- Hkksalys ds lkFk nsoxk¡o dh lafèk]
 dksfoM dh igyh ygj ds nkSjku ykWdMkmu esa ;k=kh Vªsuksa ds 1803
can gksus ls mÙkj&eè; jsyos (NCR) ds rhuksa fMohtuksa esa
cqfu;knh <k¡ps esa lqèkkj dk dk;Z fd;k x;kA 3- flafèk;k ds lkFk lqthZ&vatuxk¡o dh
lafèk] 1803
 ç;kxjkt eaMy ds lkFk&lkFk NCR tksu esa pyus okyh 520
esy&,Dlçsl Vªsuksa dh vfèkdre xfr 130 fdeh- çfr ?kaVs 4. 1806 esa gksydj ds lkFk jktiqj?kkV
rd igq¡p xbZ gSA foÙk o"kZ 2022&23 dh igyh frekgh esa dh lafèk
14 vkSj Vªsuksa dh vfèkdre xfr 130 fdeh- çfr ?kaVk gks r`rh; vkaXy&ejkBk 1- twu 1817 esa is'kok ds lkFk iwuk
xbZ gSA ;q¼ (1817-19) dh lafèkA
 ç;kxjkt fMohtu esa xkft;kckn ls iafMr nhu n;ky mikè;k; 2- uoacj 1817 esa flafèk;k ds lkFk
LVs'ku rd Vªsu dks çfr ?kaVs dh jÝrkj ls pykus ds fy;s jsyos Xokfy;j dh lafèkA
VªSd ds nksuksa rjiQ nhokj cukbZ tk,xh ;g nhokj Hkh o"kZ 3- tuojh 1818 esa gksYdj ds lkFk
2024 rd iwjh rjg cudj rS;kj gks tk,xhA eanlkSj dh lafèkA
44. (c) vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
O;k[;k% oSf'od ÅtkZ iqjLdkj] 2022 dkSf'kd jkt'ks•j dks 46. (a)
fn;k x;kA ;g ÅtkZ ds {ks=k esa okyk lokZsPp iqjLdkj gSA vr%
O;k[;k%
fodYi (c) lgh gSA
 og mu igys bathfu;jksa esa ls ,d Fks] ftUgksaus çkS|ksfxdh ds 1915 nf{k.k vÚhdk ls egkRek xkaèkh dk iquçZokl
O;kid :i ls Kkr gksus ls cgqr igys gh ,d bysDVªkWfud 1917 paikj.k vkanksyu
okgu dh ladYiuk vkSj fuekZ.k ij dke fd;k FkkA 1918 •sM+k (xqtjkr) esa fdlku vkanksyu vkSj etnwj vkanksyu
 áwLVu fo'ofo|ky; esa bathfu;fjax foHkkx esa Hkkjrh; ewy 1919 jkWysV lR;kxzg (ekpZ&vçSy)
ds çksiQslj gSA 1921 vlg;ksx vkSj f•ykiQr vkanksyu
 43 ns'kksa ds fjdkWMZ 119 ukekadu esa ls dsoy rhu yksxksa dks
1928 ckjnksyh esa fdlku vkanksyu
;g lEeku fn;k x;kA
1929 ^^iw.kZ Lojkt** dks ykgkSj vfèkos'ku esa dkWUxzsl ds y{;
 foDVj vksjykso] lsaVj iQkWj buksosfVo VsDuksykWtht (:l esa
ds :i esa Lohdkj fd;k x;k
jkslkVkWe) ds eq[; fo'ks"kK vkSj FkekZUs ;wfDy;j HkkSfrdh esa vxz.kh_
1930 lfou; voKk vkanksyu_ nkaMh ekpZ (ekpZ&vçSy)
vkSj edkZSjh dukfRtfMl] ukWFkZosLVuZ ;wfuoflZVh esa jlk;u foKku
vkSj lkexzh foKku ds çksiQslj vkSj ,jxksu us'kuy yscksjsVªh ds 1931 xkaèkh&bjfou le>kSrk (ekpZ)
ofj"B 'kksèkdrkZ vU; çkIrdrkZvksa dh lwph esa 'kkfey gSaA 1931 nwljk xksyest lEesyu (fnlacj)

45. (c) 1935 xouZesaV vkWiQ bafM;k ,DV çfrfufèk ljdkj dks lqfuf'pr
djrk gSA
O;k[;k% lokZsPprk gsrq vkaXy&ejkBk la?k"kZ%
1939 dkWUxzsl eaf=keaMy dk bLrhiQk
;q¼ lafèk@fooj.k 1942 Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu dh 'kq#vkr (vxLr)
çFke vkaXy&ejkBk 1- lwjr dh lafèk (1775) 1946 lkaçnkf;d fgalk jksdus ds fy;s egkRek xkaèkh us uksvk•kyh
;q¼ (1775-82) 2- iqjanj dh lafèk (1776) vkSj vU; naxk çHkkfor bykdksa dk nkSjk fd;kA
3- lkyckbZ dh lafèk (1782) vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 13
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 47. (a) 49. (d)

O;k[;k% Hkkjr uokpkj lwpdkad 2021% O;k[;k% çkphu Hkkjrh; lekt esa] iq=kksa dks fir`oa'k dh fujarjrk dks
 uhfr vk;ksx }kjk 21 tqykbZ] 2022 dks tkjh Hkkjr uokpkj cuk, j•us gsrq egÙoiw.kZ ekuk tkrk Fkk tcfd csfV;ksa dk ?kjsyw
lwpdkad 2021 esa 17 çeq• jkT;ksa dh Js.kh esa mÙkj çns'k lalkèkuksa ij dksbZ nkok ;k vfèkdkj ugha FkkA
dks 7ok¡ LFkku çkIr gqvk gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA  vius xks=k ls ckgj mudk fookg dj nsuk gh visf{kr FkkA
 ;g uhfr vk;ksx ds Hkkjr uokpkj lwpdkad dk rhljk laLdj.k xks=k ç.kkyh ds fu;eksa ds }kjk bls lqfuf'pr fd;k x;k
FkkA bl lwpdkad esa jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa dks muds gSA fookg ds i'pkr~ fL=k;ksa dks firk ds LFkku ij ifr ds xks=k
çn'kZu dh çHkkoh rqyuk djus ds fy;s 17 çeq• jkT;ksa] dk ekuk tkrk Fkk rFkk ,d gh xks=k ds lnL; vkil esa fookg
10 iwokZsÙkj vkSj igkM+h jkT;ksa rFkk 9 dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa o lacaèk ugha j• ldrs FksA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
'kgj&jkT;ksa dh Js.kh esa oxhZÑr fd;k x;k FkkA  ^mfpr* le; vkSj ^mfpr* O;fDr ls iq=kh ds fookg ds fu;e
 17 çeq• jkT;ksa dh Js.kh esa dukZVd 18.01 vadksa ds lkFk us bl fo'okl dks tUe fn;k fd dU;knku vFkkZr~ fookg esa
'kh"kZ LFkku ij gS] tcfd rsyaxkuk (17.66 vad) nwljs vkSj dU;k dh HksaV firk dk egÙoiw.kZ èkkfeZd dÙkZO; FkkA
gfj;k.kk (16.35 vad) rhljs LFkku ij gSA  yxHkx 500 bZ-iw- ls bu ekunaMksa dk ladyu èkeZl=w k o èkeZ'kkL=k
 çeq• jkT;ksa dh Js.kh esa mÙkj çns'k 14.22 vadksa ds lkFk uked laLÑr xzaFkksa esa fd;k x;kA blesa lcls egÙoiw.kZ euqLe`fr
7osa] vksfM'kk 11.42 vadksa ds lkFk 16osa vkSj NÙkhlx<+ Fkh ftldk ladyu yxHkx 200 bZ-iw- ls 200 bZloh ds chp
10.97 vadksa ds lkFk 17osa (vafre) LFkku ij gSA gqvkA
 ef.kiqj 19.37 vadksa ds lkFk mÙkj&iwohZ vkSj igkM+h jkT;ksa  bu xzaFkksa ds czkã.k ys•dksa us nkok fd;k fd muds n`f"Vdks.k
dh Js.kh esa lcls Åij gSA mÙkjk•aM (17.67 vad) bl dh lkoZHkkSfed oSèkrk Fkh vkSj mUgksaus tks fuèkkZfjr fd;k Fkk]
Js.kh esa nwljs LFkku ij gS] tcfd uxkySaM (11.00 vad) mldk ikyu lHkh dks djuk FkkA gkyk¡fd lekt ds dqN
lcls uhps gSA oxZ] tks czkã.koknh ekunaMksa ds f•ykiQ Fks] us bu fu;eksa
 dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa vkSj 'kgj&jkT;ksa dh Js.kh esa paMhx<+ dh mis{kk dhA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
(27.88 vad) dks 'kh"kZ LFkku feyk gS] tcfd yík• (5.91  èkeZlw=k vkSj èkeZ'kkL=kksa us fookg ds vkB izdkjksa dks ekU;rk nh]
vad) dks vafre LFkku feyk gSA ftuesa ls vkèkksa dh fuank dh xbZA
 ;g uokpkj lwpdkad oSf'od uokpkj lwpdkad dh rtZ ij 50. (c)
rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA igyk vkSj nwljk uokpkj lwpdkad
O;k[;k%
Øe'k% vDrwcj 2019 vkSj tuojh 2021 esa tkjh fd;k
x;k FkkA vfèkdkjh ls lacafèkr
48. (a) ljk; vny diM+k vkSj fdjkuk ck”kkj
'kkguk&,&eaMh ck”kkjèkh{kd
O;k[;k% 94 o"khZ; Hkxokuh nsoh us
cjhn •qfiQ;k vfèkdkjh
fiQuySaM ds VkEijs esa oYMZ
eqfUg;k xqIr tklwl
ekLVlZ ,FkysfVDl
pSafi;uf'ki&2022 esa 100 vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
ehVj fLçaV esa Hkkjr ds fy;s 51. (d)
Lo.kZ ind thrdj bfrgkl jp fn;k gSA vr% fodYi (a) O;k[;k%
lgh gSA
 mUgksaus Lo.kZ thrus ds fy;s 24.74 lsdaM esa 100 ehVj nkSM+
iqjkrkfRod LFky f”kyk
yxkbZA vkyexhjiqj esjB

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 14
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 cM+kxk¡o lgkjuiqj  bl ;kstuk dks ykxw djus okyk mÙkj çns'k ns'k dk igyk
jkT; cu x;k gSA mÙkj çns'k ds 22 yk• lsokjr vkSj lsokfuo`Ùk
lukSyh ckxir
ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa dks vius fpfdRlk •pZ dk Hkqxrku djus
dkYih tkykSu
ds fy;s vfèkdkfj;ksa ds pDdj ugha yxkus iM+saxsA
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA  jkT; ds ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa ds vykok ljdkj us isa'kujksa vkSj
52. (b) muds vkfJrksa ds fy;s Hkh ;g O;oLFkk 'kq: dh gS] ;kuh yxHkx
75 yk• yksx bl ;kstuk ls ykHkkfUor gksaxsA
O;k[;k% fot;uxj lkezkT;%
 fot;uxj lkezkT; dh LFkkiuk gfjgj vkSj cqDdk us dh Fkh]  bl ;kstuk ds rgr vk;q"eku ;kstuk ds rgr iathÑr lHkh
tks dkdrh; ds lkear FksA bl vofèk dks pkj vyx&vyx futh vLirkyksa esa jkT; ds deZpkfj;ksa vkSj isa'kujksa ds vykok
jktoa'kksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS% laxe] lyqo] rqyqo vkSj muds ifjokjksa dks ik¡p yk• #i, lkykuk rd eqÝr bykt
vjkfonq oa'kA dh lqfoèkk feysxhA
 jkT; LokLF; dkMZ ds ekè;e ls vk;q"eku Hkkjr esa iathÑr
nso jk; f}rh; (1422-1446 bZLoh)%
lHkh esfMdy dkWystksa] ljdkjh vLirkyksa vkSj futh vLirkyksa
 nsojk; f}rh; dk 'kklu nf{k.k Hkkjr vkSj fo'ks"k :i ls dukZVd
esa jkT; ds deZpkfj;ksa] isa'kujksa vkSj muds vkfJrksa dks fpfdRlk
ds bfrgkl esa Lof.kZe ;qx gSA
lqfoèkk feysxhA
 og vius firk ohjk fot; cqDdk jk; ds nks o"kZ dh y?kqvofèk
ds 'kkludky ds ckn bl lkezkT; ds 'kkld cukA mUgksaus 54. (b)
1423 bZLoh esa ,d jktdqekj ds :i esa cgeuh lqYrku ds O;k[;k% 44ok¡ 'krjat vksyafi;kM%
f•ykiQ ;q¼ esa liQyrk gkfly dh] ftlds rgr cgeuh dks  varjkZ"Vªh; 'krjat laLFkk] ,iQ-vkbZ-Mh-bZ- us 44osa 'krjat
bZLoh- 1426 esa viuh jktèkkuh dks fcnj esa LFkkukarfjr djus vksyafi;kM esa igyh ckj 'krjat vksyafi;kM e'kky dh LFkkiuk
ds fy;s etcwj gksuk iM+kA dhA 'krjat vksyafi;kM e'kky fjys djus okyk Hkkjr igyk
 nso jk; f}rh; us rhu egÙoiw.kZ ;q¼ yM+sA ;s ;q¼ 1427 bZLoh ns'k gSA vr% dFku 4 lgh gSA
esa vksfM'kk ds xtifr ds fo#¼] 1436 bZLoh esa jktk Hkkuqnso  44ok¡ 'krjat vksyafi;kM 29 tqykbZ ls 9 vxLr 2022 rd
prqFkZ ds f•ykiQ dksaMkfoMq esa vkSj jktk dfiysaæ ds f•ykiQ psUubZ] rfeyukMq esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA vr% dFku 1
yM+s x,A ckn esa mUgksaus 1441 bZLoh esa jktkegsaæh ds f•ykiQ lgh ugha gSA
;q¼ esa liQyrk gkfly djus dh dksf'k'k dhA  o"kZ 1927 ls vk;ksftr dh tk jgh bl çfrf"Br çfr;ksfxrk
 og laxe oa'k ds lcls egku 'kkld FkkA mlus lsuk esa eqlyekuksa dh estckuh 30 o"kks± ds ckn ,f'k;k esa igyh ckj Hkkjr
dks fu;qDr djus dh çFkk 'kq: dhA mls bEeknh nso jk; dgk esa dh tk jgh gSA 44osa 'krjat vksyafi;kM esa 189 ns'kksa us
tkrk FkkA mlds f'kykys•ksa esa mls xtscrsdkjk xtcsVsdjk (gkFkh Hkkx fy;k] ;g fdlh Hkh 'krjat vksyafi;kM esa lcls cM+h
ds f'kdkjh) dh mikfèk feyh gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA Hkkxhnkjh FkhA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
 nso jk; f}rh; laLÑr ds nks dk;ks± egkuVd lqèkkfufèk vkSj  efgyk oxZ esa] ;wØsu us Lo.kZ ind thrk] tkWftZ;k us jtr
cknjk;.k ds czãlw=k ij Hkk"; dk ys•d gSA vkSj Hkkjr us dkaL; ind thrkA vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA
53. (b) 55. (b)

O;k[;k% 21 tqykbZ 2022 dks] mÙkj çns'k ds eq[;ea=kh us ^iafMr O;k[;k% Hkkjr esa ,d lkezkT; fufeZr djus gsrq 1798&1805 rd
nhun;ky mikè;k; jkT; deZpkjh dS'kysl fpfdRlk xouZj tujy ykWMZ osys”kyh }kjk lgk;d lafèk ç.kkyh dks
;kstuk* (Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay State Employees viuk;k x;k FkkA
Cashless Medical Scheme) 'kq: dhA ;g jkT; ds lHkh  lgk;d lafèk ç.kkyh ds rgr lg;ksxh Hkkjrh; jkT; ds 'kkld
ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa ds fgr esa 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk] lHkh dks vius {ks=k ds Hkhrj LFkk;h :i ls ,d fczfV'k lsuk dh
ljdkjh deZpkjh dS'kysl mipkj dh O;oLFkk dk ykHk mBk rSukrh dks Lohdkj djus vkSj blds j•&j•ko gsrq vkfFkZd
ldrs gSaA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA lgk;rk dk Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s ckè; fd;k x;k FkkA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 15
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  osys”kyh dh lgk;d lafèk dks Lohdkj djus okys jkT;
fuEufyf•r gSa%
jkT; lgk;d lafèk ij gLrk{kj fd;s x, o"kZ
gSnjkckn 1798_ 1800
eSlwj 1799
ratkSj vDrwcj 1799
voèk uoacj 1801
is'kok fnlacj 1801
cjkj ds Hkksalys fnlacj 1803
 PIVOT fdlh O;fDr esa dSalj mRiUu djus okys thu dh
flafèk;k iQjojh 1804 Hkfo";ok.kh dj ldrk gSA bl Vwy dks O;fDrxr dSalj mipkj
tksèkiqj 1818 j.kuhfr;ksa dks rS;kj djus esa enn ds fy;s fM”kkbu fd;k x;k
t;iqj 1818 gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
epsjh 1818 dSalj%
cw¡nh 1818  dSalj ls rkRi;Z dksf'kdkvksa dh vfu;af=kr o`f¼ ls gS] tks
Hkjriqj 1818 dSalj ls lacafèkr thu esa mRifjorZu@E;wVs'ku ds dkj.k gksrk gSA
thu esa ;s ifjorZu ;k rks oa'kkuqxr ;k vU; dkjdksa tSls rackdw
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA èkweziku] fofdj.k ds laidZ esa vkus ls] jklk;fud tksf•e]
56. (a) ok;jl vkfn ds dkj.k gks ldrs gSaA
O;k[;k% o"kZ 1921 dk ekykckj foæksg] ftls eksiyk (eqfLye) 58. (b)
naxksa ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gS] fczfV'k 'kkldksa vkSj LFkkuh;
O;k[;k% Hkkjr dk igyk varjkZ"Vªh; cqfy;u ,Dlpsat xkaèkhuxj]
fganw tehankjksa ds f•ykiQ eqfLye dk'rdkjksa dk foæksg
xqtjkr esa çèkkuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh }kjk ykWUp fd;k x;kA
FkkA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
çèkkuea=kh us xkaèkhuxj esa varjkZ"Vªh; foÙkh; lsok dsaæ çkfèkdj.k
 ;g foæksg 20 vxLr] 1921 dks 'kq: gksdj dbZ eghuksa rd
ds eq[;ky; Hkou dh vkèkkjf'kyk Hkh j•hA vr% fodYi (b)
pykA dqN ,sfrgkfld fooj.kksa esa dgk x;k gS fd bl foæksg
lgh gSA
esa 2,339 foæksfg;ksa lfgr yxHkx 10,000 yksxksa dh tku pyh
 varjkZ"Vªh; cqfy;u ,Dlpsat ds mn~?kkVu dk mís'; Hkkjr esa
xbZ FkhA
lksus ds ewY; fuèkkZj.k dks ekudhÑr djuk gSA ;g vkxs NksVs
 bls vDlj nf{k.k Hkkjr esa lcls igys gksus okys jk"Vªoknh
cqfy;u Mhyjksa vkSj ToSylZ ds fy;s O;kikj djuk vklku cukuk
foæksgksa esa ls ,d ekuk tkrk gSA bls fdlku foæksg ds :i
pkgrk gSA
esa Hkh of.kZr fd;k x;k gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
 fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr dherh èkkrq dk nwljk lcls cM+k
 eksiyk uke ey;kyh Hkk"kh eqlyekuksa dks fn;k x;k gS tks mÙkjh
miHkksDrk gSA Hkkjr us o"kZ 2021 esa 1,069 Vu lksus dk vk;kr
dsjy ds ekykckj rV ij jgrs gSaA
fd;k] tks ,d o"kZ iwoZ 430 Vu FkkA phu lksus dk lcls
57. (c)
cM+k miHkksDrk cuk gqvk gSA
O;k[;k% Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku eækl ds 'kksèkdÙkkZvksa us ^PIVOT*  orZeku esa] ,sls ukfer cSad vkSj ,tsafl;k¡ gSa ftUgsa O;kikj djus
uke dk ,d vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal&vkèkkfjr Vwy fodflr ;k lksus dk vk;kr djus vkSj bls Mhyjksa dks cspus ds fy;s
fd;k gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA dsaæh; cSad }kjk vuqeksfnr fd;k x;k gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 16
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 59. (d)  jk•hx<+h gfj;k.kk ds fglkj f”kys esa fLFkr gSA ;g LFky
?kX?kj&gdjk unh ds eSnku esa fLFkr gSA bl LFky dh •kst
O;k[;k% ckS¼ vkSj tSu xzaFkksa esa lksyg egku jk"Vªksa dk mYys•
lwjtHkku us o"kZ 1969 esa dh FkhA igyh O;ofLFkr •qnkbZ
gS ftUgsa egktuin ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA dbZ va'kksa esa]
o"kZ 1998 esa vejsaæ ukFk ds funZs'ku esa iqjkrRo laLFkku]
çkphu ckS¼ xzaFk vaxqÙkj fudk;] 16 egku jk"Vªksa dh ,d lwph
,-,l-vkbZ- }kjk dh xbZ FkhA vr% dFku 4 lgh gSA
nsrk gS%
™ dk'kh ™ ofTt (;k o`ft) 62. (a)

™ dq# ™ v'ed O;k[;k% vykmíhu f•yth (1296 – 1316 bZLoh)%

™ dks'ky ™ eYy  og f•yth oa'k dk nwljk lqYrku Fkk vkSj bl oa'k dk lcls
™ ikapky ™ voafr 'kfDr'kkyh 'kkldA mlus 1296 ls 1316 rd yxHkx chl
™ vax ™ psnh o"kks± rd 'kklu fd;kA f•yth oa'k ds laLFkkid] vius pkpk
™ ePN (;k eRL;) ™ xkaèkkj vkSj llqj tykyqíhu f•yth dh gR;k djus ds ckn og fnYyh
™ exèk ™ oRl (;k oelk)
dk lqYrku cukA
 og ,d cgqr gh egRokdka{kh O;fDr vkSj ;q¼çorZd FkkA og
™ 'kwjlsu ™ dackst
Lo;a dks ^nwljk fldanj* dgykuk ilan djrk FkkA mlus
 r{kf'kyk xkaèkkj dh jktèkkuh FkhA
^fldanj&,&lkuh* dh mikfèk èkkj.k dhA vius 'kklu dky
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
esa mlus vius jkT; dk foLrkj cgqr cM+s {ks=k esa dj fy;k FkkA
60. (b)
mlus xqtjkr] j.kFkacksj] esokM+] ekyok] tkykSj] okjaxy vkSj
O;k[;k% ekeyqd oa'k@nkl oa'k&(1206&1290)& dqrqcqíhu ,scd enqjS ij fot; çkIr dhA
ekeyqd oa'k dk laLFkkid FkkA  vykmíhu us fofHkUu çdkj dh ck”kkj oLrqvksa ds fy;s ewY;
 f•yth oa'k&(1290&1320 bZLoh)& tykyqíhu f•yth us fu;a=k.k mik;ksa dks ykxw fd;kA vykmíhu ds njckjh vehj
f•yth oa'k dh uhao j•hA •qljks vkSj 14oha lnh ds ys•d gkfen dyanj dk lq>ko gS
 rqxyd oa'k&(1320&1414 bZLoh)& x;klqíhu rqxyd rqxyd fd vykmíhu us yksd dY;k.k ds fy;s bu lqèkkjksa dks çLrqr
oa'k dk laLFkkid FkkA fd;kA gkyk¡fd] cjuh dk dguk gS fd vykmíhu dherksa dks
 lSc;n oa'k&(1414&1421 bZLoh)& f•tjk •ku lSc;n de djuk pkgrk Fkk] rkfd de osru muds lSfudksa dks Lohdk;Z
oa'k dk laLFkkid FkkA gks vkSj bl çdkj] ,d cM+h lsuk ds j[k&j[kko dks lqfuf'pr
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA fd;k tk ldsA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
61. (d)  ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s fd eky fofu;fer dherksa ij

O;k[;k% pUgwnM+ks eksgutksnM+ks ls 130 fdeh- nf{k.k iwoZ esa fLFkr gSA cspk tk,] vykmíhu us ck”kkj i;Zos{kdksa vkSj tklwlksa dks fu;qDr
bldh •kst o"kZ 1931 esa ,u-th- etwenkj us dh vkSj bZ-ts- fd;k vkSj muls fooj.k çkIr dhA
,p- eSds }kjk o"kZ 1935&36 esa cM+s iSekus ij mR•uu fd;k  dkykck”kkjh dks jksdus ds fy;s] mlds ç'kklu us fdlkuksa vkSj
x;kA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA O;kikfj;ksa dks vukt dk HkaMkj.k djus ls çfrcafèkr dj fn;k
 jaxiqj xqtjkr esa vjc lkxj ds rV ij] if'peh Hkkjr ds vkSj ljdkj }kjk lapkfyr vUu HkaMkjksa dh LFkkiuk dh] tgk¡
lkSjk"Vª {ks=k esa fLFkr gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA ljdkj ds fgLls dk vukt tek fd;k tkrk FkkA
 eksgutksnM+ks dks flaèkh Hkk"kk esa ¶e`rdksa dk Vhyk¸ dgk x;k  ljdkj us ifjogu deZpkfj;ksa dks ;equk unh ds fdukjs fof'k"V
gSA ;g yjdkuk f”kys] flaèk] ikfdLrku esa flaèkq unh ds nwjh ij xk¡oksa esa HkaMkj.k ds fy;s e”kcwj fd;k rkfd fnYyh esa
nkb± vksj fLFkr gSA vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA vukt dk rsth ls ifjogu fd;k tk ldsA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 17
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
 63. (b) ™ bl foæksg esa fganqvksa vkSj eqlyekuksa dh leku Hkkxhnkjh FkhA
bls iQdhj foæksg Hkh dgk tkrk gSA
O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k ljdkj çns'k 1 fVªfy;u MkWyj dh vFkZO;oLFkk
™ lU;klh foæksg esa etuqe 'kkg (;k etuw 'kkg)] fpjkx vyh]
cukus dh fn'kk esa fu;kZr c<+kus ij tksj ns jgh gSA vr%
fodYi (b) lgh gSA ewlk 'kkg] Hkokuh ikBd vkSj nsch pkSèkqjkuh egÙoiw.kZ usrk
 o"kZ 2021 esa fu;kZr ₹1.21 yk• djksM+ ls 30 çfr'kr
'kkfey FksA
c<+dj ₹1.56 yk• djksM+ gks x;kA ljdkj dk y{; bl  cafde paæ us nsoh pkSèkjkuh uked ,d miU;kl Hkh fy•k
vk¡dM+s dks ₹2 yk• djksM+ djus dk gSA rFkk vaxzs”kksa ds f•ykiQ 'kq#vkrh foæksg esa efgykvksa dh Hkwfedk
 mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us fu;kZr {kerk okys mRiknksa dh igpku dk o.kZu fd;kA
djus dk ç;kl fd;kA jkT; Lrj ij 15 lsDVjksa dk p;u 66. (a)
fd;k x;k gSA ftu mRiknksa dk fu;kZr fd;k x;k gS mu mRiknksa
O;k[;k% jktkjke eksgu jk;%
dh Hkh igpku dh xbZ gSA
 jktkjke eksgu jk; if'peh vkèkqfud fopkjksa ls cgqr
 gj f”kys esa f”kyk fu;kZr ;kstuk ij dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gSA
çHkkfor Fks vkSj mUgksaus rdZokn rFkk vkèkqfud oSKkfud
blds lkFk gh Mh,e dh vè;{krk esa f”kyk fu;kZr lfefr;ksa
n`f"Vdks.k ij ”kksj fn;kA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
dk Hkh xBu fd;k x;k gSA çR;sd ekg ,d cSBd gksxh vkSj
 mudk ekuuk Fkk fd èkkfeZd :f<+okfnrk lekt dh fLFkfr dks
foHkkx dks LFkkuh; Lrj ij fu;kZrdksa ds lkeus vkus okyh
lqèkkjus ds ctk; lkekftd thou ds fy;s gkfudkjd vkSj
leL;kvksa ls voxr djk;k tk,xkA
yksxksa ds fy;s ijs'kkuh vkSj tfVyrk dk dkj.k cu xbZ gSA
 ifj;kstuk ^,d f”kyk ,d mRikn* (ODOP) fu;kZr esa çeq•
 o"kZ 1803 esa çdkf'kr jktkjke eksgu jk; dh igyh
Hkwfedk fuHkkus tk jgh gSA fu;kZr c<+kus ds fy;s mRiknksa dks
çdkf'kr Ñfr rqgiQr&my&eqokfgíhu (,ds'ojokn dk
bZ&dkWelZ IysViQkWeZ ij Hkh miyCèk djk;k tk,xkA
migkj) us jgL;ksn~?kkVu] Hkfo";oDrkvksa] peRdkjksa vkfn esa
 mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us fu;kZr dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s ^mÙkj
fo'okl ds :i esa fganqvksa ds rdZghu èkkfeZd fo'oklksa vkSj
çns'k ,DliksVZ baÚkLVªDpj MsoyiesaV Ldhe* ds ctV dks
:f<+oknh çFkkvksa dks mtkxj fd;kA thcupfjr (Jeebancharit)]
nksxquk dj fn;k gSA
bZ'oj paæ fo|k lkxj dh jpuk FkhA vr% dFku 2 lgh
64. (a)
ugha gSA
O;k[;k% fo|qr ea=kky; us xksok esa ^mTToy Hkkjr&mTToy Hkfo";*  o"kZ 1814 esa bUgksua s ewfrZit
w k] tkfrxr dBksjrk] vFkZghu deZdkaMksa
mRlo@ioZ dk vk;kstu fd;kA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA vkSj vU; lkekftd cqjkb;ksa ds f•ykiQ vfHk;ku pykus ds
 mTtoy Hkkjr] mTToy Hkfo"; & ikoj@2047 ds rgr ns'k Hkj fy;s dydÙkk esa ^vkReh; lHkk* dh LFkkiuk dhA
esa fctyh egksRlo euk;s tk jgs gSaA 25 tqykbZ ls 30 tqykbZ]  bUgsa efgykvksa dh eqfDr vkSj fo'ks"k :i ls lrh çFkk ds
2022 ds chp bl volj ds miy{k esa xksok esa fofHkUu mUewyu vkSj foèkok iqufoZokg ij vxz.kh fopkjksa rFkk
dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k A dkjZokbZ ds fy;s tkuk tkrk FkkA vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA
65. (d)  bUgksaus cky fookg] efgykvksa dh fuj{kjrk vkSj foèkokvksa

O;k[;k% vkuaneB lU;klh foæksg ij vkèkkfjr cafde paæ dh n;uh; fLFkfr dh fuank dh vkSj efgykvksa ds fy;s fojklr
pV~Vksikè;k; }kjk fyf•r ,d v¼Z&,sfrgkfld miU;kl vkSj laifÙk ds vfèkdkj dh ekax dhA
gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA czã lekt%
 lU;klh foæksg (1763-1800)%  jktkjke eksgu jk; us o"kZ 1828 esa czã lHkk dh LFkkiuk dh]
™ o"kZ 1770 ds fouk'kdkjh vdky vkSj vaxzs”kksa dh dBksj ftls ckn esa czã lekt dk uke fn;k x;kA
vkfFkZd O;oLFkk us iwohZ Hkkjr esa lU;kfl;ksa ds ,d lewg  bldk eq[; mís'; 'kk'or Hkxoku dh iwtk FkkA ;g deZdkaMksa
dks vaxzs”kksa ls yM+us ds fy;s e”kcwj fd;kA vkSj cfy ds i{k esa ugha FkkA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 18
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  blus çkFkZuk] è;ku djus ds lkFk 'kkL=kksa ds i<+us ij cy 69. (d)
fn;k FkkA ;g lHkh èkeks± dh ,drk esa fo'okl djrk FkkA
O;k[;k% yxHkx 1800 o"kZ igys ,d çfl¼ rfey egkdkO;
 ;g vkèkqfud Hkkjr esa igyk ckSf¼d lqèkkj vkanksyu FkkA
flyIifndkje dh jpuk bykaxks vkfnXy uked dfo us
blls Hkkjr esa rdZokn vkSj Kkuksn; dk mn; gqvk] ftlus
dhA blesa dksoyu~ uke ds ,d O;kikjh dh dgkuh gSA og
vçR;{k :i ls jk"Vªoknh vkanksyu esa ;ksxnku fn;kA vr% dFku
iqgkj esa jgrk FkkA viuh iRuh dUuxh dh mis{kk dj og ,d
4 lgh gSA
urZdh ekèkoh ls çse djus yxkA ckn esa] og vkSj dUuxh iqgkj
67. (b)
NksM+dj enqjS pys x,A ogk¡ ikaMÔ jktk ds njckjh tkSgjh us
O;k[;k% 1 tuojh 2023 dks ;wjksih; la?k (EU) us Øks,f'k;kbZ dksoyu~ ij pksjh dk >wBk vkjksi yxk;k ftl ij jktk us mls
dquk dh txg ;wjks ,dy eqæk dks viukus ds fy;s Øks,f'k;k çk.knaM ns fn;kA dUuxh tks vHkh Hkh mlls çse djrh Fkh] bl
dks vafre eatwjh ns nh gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA vU;k; ds dkj.k nq%• vkSj jks"k ls Hkj xbZA mlus enqjS 'kgj
;wjks eqæk viukus ds ykHk% dk fouk'k dj MkykA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
 iqjk.k dk 'kfCnd vFkZ gS çkphuA iqjk.kksa esa fo".kq] f'ko] nqxkZ
 27&jk"Vªksa ds laxBu ;wjksih; la?k esa] ;wjks dks viukus ls eqæk
CykWd ds vU; lnL;ksa vkSj ;wjksih; lsaVªy cSad ds ekSfæd ;k ikoZrh tSls nsoh&nsorkvksa ls tqM+h dgkfu;k¡ gSaA buesa bu
çkfèkdj.k ds lkFk xgjs foÙkh; lacaèkksa ls mRiUu gksus okys nsoh&nsorkvksa dh iwtk dh fofèk;k¡ nh xbZ gSaA blds vfrfjDr
vkfFkZd ykHk feyrs gSaA buesa lalkj dh l`f"V rFkk jktkvksa ds ckjs esa Hkh dgkfu;k¡ gSaA
 cSad us 8.6 çfr'kr dh fjdkWMZ eqækLiQhfr ls fuiVus ds fy;s
vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
bl eghus 11 o"kZ esa igyh ckj C;kt njsa c<+kus dh ;kstuk  vfèkdrj iqjk.k ljy laLÑr 'yksd esa fy•s x, gSa] ftlls

cukbZ gSA ;kuh bldk lhèkk&lk eryc ;g gS fd orZeku ;wjks lc mUgsa lqu vkSj le> ldsaA fL=k;k¡ rFkk 'kwæ ftUgsa osn
tksu ds 340 fefy;u fuokfl;ksa esa ls dksbZ Hkh tks Øks,f'k;k i<+us dh vuqefr ugha Fkh os Hkh bls lqu ldrs FksA iqjk.kksa
dk nkSjk djrk gS] mls vc dquk ds fy;s viuh udnh dk dk ikB iqtkjh eafnjksa esa fd;k djrs Fks ftls yksx lquus vkrs FksA
vknku&çnku djus dh vko';drk ugha gksxhA 70. (d)
68. (a) O;k[;k% fldanj yksnh (1489-1517)
O;k[;k% X;kjgoha Ñf"k tux.kuk (2021-22) tqykbZ 2022 esa 'kq:  og ,d vPNs ç'kkld FkkA mlds 'kkludky esa fdlkuksa ds

dh xbZ FkhA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA ykHk ds fy;s lM+dsa cukbZ xbZ vkSj dbZ flapkbZ lqfoèkk,¡ çnku
 Ñf"k x.kuk gj 5 o"kZ esa vk;ksftr gksrh gSA o"kZ 1970&71 dh xbZA mlus U;k; ij cgqr ”kksj fn;kA mlds 'kklu dky esa
ls dsaæh; Ñf"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=kh ,d Ñf"k tux.kuk oLrqvksa ds nke cgqr de FksA
;kstuk ykxw dj jgs gSaA tux.kuk dk nlok¡ laLdj.k lanHkZ  ,d u;k ekiu iSekuk] ^xt&,&fldanjh* vkSj •krksa dh ys•k
o"kZ 2015&16 ds lkFk vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA ijh{kk dh ,d ç.kkyh dh 'kq#vkr dhA dqN ç'kaluh; xq.kksa
 vxLr] 2022 esa Ñf"k tux.kuk dk iQhYModZ 'kq: gqvk FkkA ds ckotwn] og ,d dV~Vj Fkk vkSj xSj&eqlyekuksa ds çfr
vfèkdka'k jkT;ksa us viuh Hkwfe dk fMftVyhdj.k dj fy;k gS] cgqr de lfg".kqrk fn•krk FkkA
blfy;s blls Ñf"k tux.kuk ds vk¡dM+ksa ds laxzg esa vkSj rsth  mlus dbZ fganw eafnjksa dks u"V dj fn;k vkSj fganqvksa ij dbZ
vk,xhA çfrcaèk yxk fn;sA mlus xSj&eqlyekuksa ij iqu% tft;k yxk;kA
 Ñf"k tux.kuk vis{kkÑr NksVs Lrj ij fofHkUu çdkj ds Ñf"k  og vehjksa dh rqyuk esa lqYrku dh Js"B fLFkfr esa fo'okl
ekinaMksa dh tkudkjh dk eq[; lzksr gS] tSls fd ifjpkyu tksr djrk FkkA mlus vehjksa vkSj vehjksa dks njckj ds vanj vkSj
dh la[;k vkSj {ks=k] mudk vkdkj] oxZ&okj forj.k] Hkwfe ckgj lqYrku ds çfr vkSipkfjd lEeku fn•kus ds fy;s etcwj
mi;ksx] dk'rdkjh vkSj iQly iSVuZ] vkfnA ,slk igyh ckj gS fd;k vkSj muds lkFk dBksj O;ogkj fd;kA
fd Ñf"k tux.kuk ds fy;s MsVk laxgz LekVZ iQksu vkSj VScysV  mlus 1504 esa vkxjk dh LFkkiuk dh vkSj ^xqy#•h* uke
ij fd;k tk,xk] rkfd tux.kuk MsVk le; ij miyCèk gks ldsA ls iQkjlh Nan fy•sA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 19
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 71. (c)  dkfyatj fdyk 542 gsDVs;j ds fo'kky {ks=k esa fLFkr gSA
jkT; ljdkj us futh Hkkxhnkjh ds lkFk ykbV ,aM lkmaM 'kks]
O;k[;k% ½Xosn% dSafiax] Vªsfdax] jkWd&Dykbafcax vkSj eq•kSVk çdk'k O;oLFkk dh
 ½Xosn esa 10 eaMy] 1028 lwDr vkSj 10552 'yksd (½pk) gSAa
O;oLFkk djus ds fy;s dgkA
 rhljs eaMy esa xk;=kh ea=k dk mYys• gSA bls fo'okfe=k us  jkT; ljdkj us th.kZ&'kh.kZ fLFkfr esa vk pqds fdyksa dks
fy•k FkkA ;g Hkxoku lw;Z (lw;Z) dks lefiZr gSA vr% fodYi iquthZfor djus vkSj rkycsgV nqxZ ,oa c#vk lkxj ljksoj
(c) lgh gSA esa fLFkr ljksoj ds fy;s ty ØhM+k ,oa lkgfld i;ZVu
 çkjafHkd eaMy vFkkZr~ 2 ls 7 dks ikfjokfjd fdrkcsa dgk tkrk xfrfofèk;ksa dks 'kq: djus dh ;kstuk cukus ds funZs'k fn;sA
gS D;ksafd mUgsa larksa@½f"k;ksa ds fo'ks"k ifjokjksa ls lacafèkr gSA  ljdkj us vfèkdkfj;ksa ls cgkyh dk;Z ds fy;s lkoZtfud&futh
 vkBok¡ eaMy& ;g vfèkdka'kr% d.o ifjokj ls lacafèkr gSA Hkkxhnkjh (ih-ih-ih-) iQafMax ekWMy ds funZs'k fn;sA
 ukSok¡ eaMy& ;g lksek lwDrksa dk ladyu gSA 74. (c)
 igyk vkSj nlok¡ eaMy& ;s ckn ds tksM+ gSa vkSj blesa iq#"k
O;k[;k% ækSinh eqeZw%
lwDr 'kkfey gS tks pkj o.kks± dh O;k[;k djrk gSA  Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dk vuqPNsn 52 Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr dk çkoèkku
 ½Xosn ls lacafèkr iqtkjh dksf=k ;k eksf=k gSa vkSj ½Xosn dk djrk gSA
miosn vk;qoZsn gSA  Jherh ækSinh eqeZw igyh vkfnoklh efgyk jk"Vªifr vkSj
 ½Xosn dk ,dek=k thfor ikB 'kkdy 'kk•k gSA Hkkjr dh 15oha jk"Vªifr cuhA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
 ½Xosn lcls çkjafHkd jpuk gS vkSj blfy;s ;g Hkkjr esa çkjafHkd  mUgksaus foi{k ds mEehnokj Jh ;'koar flUgk dks gjk;k vkSj
oSfnd yksxksa ds thou dks n'kkZrk gSA dqy ernku dk 64.03 çfr'kr oksV gkfly fd;kA vr%
72. (a) dFku 2 lgh gSA
 Jherh çfrHkk ikfVy ds ckn Jherh ækSinh eqeZw ns'k esa
O;k[;k% lokZsPp laoSèkkfud in èkkj.k djus okyh nwljh efgyk cu
iqLrd ys•d xbZ gSA Hkkjr ds eq[; U;k;kèkh'k ,u-oh- je.kk us 25 tqykbZ]
fdrkc&my&jsgyk bCucrwrk 2022 dks mUgsa 'kiFk fnykbZA
rqxyd&ukek vkfej •qljks  o"kZ 1947 esa ns'k dh vktknh ds ckn ls] Hkkjr esa 15

'kkg ukek fiQjnkSlh vyx&vyx jk"Vªifr pquko gq;s gSaA thrus okys mEehnokj
rgdhd&,&fgan vyc#uh dk oksV 'ks;j o"kZ 1957, o"kZ 1962 vkSj o"kZ 1997 esa
dsoy rhu ckj 90 çfr'kr ls Åij jgkA
ppukek vcq cdj
iQrok&,&tgkankjh ft;kmíhu cjuh 75. (a)

vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA O;k[;k% vkfnoklh foæksg%

 fcgkj esa o"kZ 1855&56 ds nkSjku flnks vkSj dkUgw ds usr`Ùo
73. (d)
esa laFkkyksa }kjk tehankjksa vkSj lkgwdkjksa dh çFkkvksa ds f•ykiQ
O;k[;k% 23 tqykbZ 2022 dks mÙkj çns'k ds eq[;ea=kh us vfèkdkfj;ksa fczfV'k fojksèkh laFkky foæksg gqvk ftls ckn esa nck fn;k x;kA
ls cqansy•aM {ks=k esa fLFkr 31 çkphu fdyksa dks u, i;ZVu  1870 ds n'kd esa fcgkj esa jktLo cankscLr xfrfofèk;ksa ds
dsaæksa ds :i esa fodflr djus ds fy;s dk;Z ;kstuk cukus f•ykiQ •jokjksa }kjk •jokj foæksg gqvkA
dk funZs'k fn;kA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA  o"kZ 1831 esa cq¼ks Hkxr ds usr`Ùo esa fczfV'k 'kklu ds foLrkj
 cqansy•aM dk iwjk {ks=k ,sfrgkfld vkSj lkaLÑfrd fojklr vkSj ckgjh yksxksa dks mudh Hkwfe ds gLrkarj.k ds f•ykiQ
ls laiUu gSA bl {ks=k ds dbZ fdyksa esa fo'kky ifjlj gSa NksVkukxiqj ds dksy }kjk dksy foæksg gqvk] tks ckn esa nck
vkSj ;s csgrjhu gksVyksa esa rCnhy gks ldrs gSaA fn;k x;kA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 20
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  vaxzs”kksa }kjk ekaxksa esa o`f¼ vkSj vkfFkZd vHkko ds f•ykiQ o"kZ 77. (d)
1776 esa pqvkM+ vkfnoklh tutkfr iq#"kksa }kjk pqvkM+
O;k[;k% Vkbe if=kdk }kjk
foæksg gqvkA
lS j &likVs ds fy;s
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
¶ 2022 ds fo'o ds
76. (b) egkure LFkkuks a ¸ dh
O;k[;k% lrukeh vkanksyu% eè; Hkkjr esa lrukeh vkanksyu dh lwph esa 50 vlkèkkj.k LFkyksa ds chp dsjy vkSj vgenkckn
'kq#vkr ?kklhnkl us dh FkhA bUgksaus peM+s ds dke esa layXu dks lwphc¼ fd;k x;k gSA ;s nksuksa LFkku ns'k vkSj fons'k
yksxksa dh lkekftd fLFkfr esa lqèkkj ds fy;s ,d vkanksyu dh nksuksa ls cM+h la[;k esa i;ZVdksa dks vkdf"kZr djrs gSaA vr%
'kq#vkr dhA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA fodYi (d) lgh gSA
 iwohZ caxky esa] gfjnkl Bkdqj ds eVqvk lekt us pkaMky  tcfd nf{k.kh jkT; vius leqæ rVksa vkSj cSdokVj ds fy;s

dk'rdkjksa ds fy;s dke fd;kA çfl¼ gS] i;ZVd vgenkckn esa lkcjerh fjojÚaV vkSj xkaèkh
vkJe dk nkSjk djrs gSaA
 bu lHkh lektksa dh LFkkiuk mu usrkvksa us dh Fkh tks
 Vkbe if=kdk us dsjy vkSj vgenkckn ds fy;s çksiQkby
xSj&czkã.k tkfr;ksa ls vkrs Fks vkSj muds fy;s dke djrs
FksA mUgksaus mu O;oLFkkvksa vkSj çFkkvksa dks cnyus dh dksf'k'k ist cuk, gSa tgk¡ blus mu dkj.kksa ij çdk'k Mkyk gS fd
dh tks mPp tkfr;ksa ds opZLo dks cy nsrh FkhaA bUgksaus fuEu D;ksa ;s LFkku bldh çfrf"Br lwph dk fgLlk gSaA
ekuh tkus okyh tkfr;ksa esa vkRe&lEeku dh Hkkouk iSnk djus 78. (b)
dk ç;kl fd;kA O;k[;k% xHkZ dk fpfdRldh; lekiu vfèkfu;e%
lR;'kksèkd lekt%  xHkZ dk fpfdRldh; lekiu vfèkfu;e dss nk;js dk foLrkj
 T;ksfrck iQqys us mPp tkfr ds opZLo vkSj czkã.koknh djus ds fy;s o"kZ 2021 esa bl vfèkfu;e esa la'kksèku fd;k
opZ L o ds f•ykiQ ,d 'kfDr'kkyh vka n ks y u dh x;k FkkA u, la'kksèku ds nk;js esa fookfgr vkSj vfookfgr
'kq#vkr dhA efgykvks¡ nksuksa dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA bl vfèkfu;e
 bUgksaus 1873 esa lR;'kksèkd lekt (lR; dh •kst djus ds rgr] xHkkZoLFkk dks 20 lIrkg rd lekIr fd;k tk
okys lekt) dh LFkkiuk dhA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA ldrk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
 bl vkanksyu ds eq[; mís';%  bl vfèkfu;e ds rgr] Hkzw.k vlkekU;rkvksa ds ekeys esa 24

™ lekt lsok djuk

lIrkg ds ckn xHkkZoLFkk dks lekIr djus ds fy;s jkT;&Lrjh;
esfMdy cksMZ dh jk; ysuk vko';d gSA vr% dFku 2
™ efgykvksa vkSj fuEu tkfr ds yksxksa ds chp f'k{kk dk çlkj
lgh gSA
djuk
 lrr~ fodkl y{;ksa (SDGs) 3.1, 3.7 vkSj 5.6 dks iwjk
 iQqys dh jpuk,¡ tSls& lkoZtfud lR;èkeZ vkSj xqyke fxfj]
djus esa enn djus ds fy;s ;g dkuwu jksdFkke ;ksX; ekr` e`R;q
vke turk ds fy;s çsj.kk lzksr cuhA nj dks lekIr djus esa ;ksxnku nsxkA ,l-Mh-th- 3.1 ekr` e`R;q
 iQqys us czkã.kksa ds jke ds çrhd ds foijhr jktk cfy ds vuqikr dks de djus ls lacafèkr gS tcfd ,l-Mh-th- 3.7
çrhd dk bLrseky fd;kA vkSj 5.6 ;kSu vkSj çtuu LokLF; vkSj vfèkdkjksa rd lkoZHkkSfed
 iQqys dk mís'; tkfr O;oLFkk vkSj lkekftd&vkfFkZd igq¡p ls lacafèkr gSaA vr% dFku 4 lgh gSA
vlekurkvksa dks iwjh rjg ls lekIr djuk FkkA  ;g la'kksèku lqjf{kr xHkZikr lsokvksa rd efgykvksa dh igq¡p
 bl vkanksyu us nfyr leqnk;ksa dks czkã.kksa ds opZLo okys vkSj nk;js dks c<+k,axs vkSj mu efgykvksa ds fy;s xfjek]
lekt esa ,d oxZ ds :i esa igpku dh Hkkouk nh] ftUgsa Lok;Ùkrk] xksiuh;rk vkSj U;k; lqfuf'pr djsaxs ftUgsa xHkkZoLFkk
'kks"kd ds :i esa ns•k tkrk FkkA dks lekIr djus dh vko';drk gSA lokZsPp U;k;ky; us ,d

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 21
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 mYys•uh; fu.kZ; esa vfookfgr efgykvksa dks 'kkfey djus ds ifjfLFkfr ns•us dks feyrh gSA tSls 'kwæd ds ukVd
fy;s esfMdy VfeZus'ku vkWiQ çsXusalh ,DV ds nk;js dk foLrkj e`PNdfVde~ (yxHkx pkSFkh 'krkCnh bZloh) esa uk;d pk#nÙk
fd;k gS vkSj ,d 25 o"khZ; efgyk dks lgefr ls cuk, x, dks czkã.k&of.kd crk;k x;k gSA ik¡poha 'krkCnh bZloh ds ,d
lacaèk ls mRiUu 24 lIrkg dh xHkkZoLFkk dk xHkZikr djus dh vfHkys• esa nks Hkkb;ksa dks {kf=k;&of.kd dgk x;k gS] ftUgksaus
vuqefr nh gSA blus xHkZikr ds nk;js dks 24 lIrkg dh xHkkZoLFkk ,d eafnj ds fuekZ.k ds fy;s èku fn;kA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
rd c<+k fn;kA vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA 81. (b)
79. (b)
O;k[;k%
O;k[;k% laxe dky%
½xoSfnd dky vFkZ
 rksYdkfIi;e dks rfey lkfgfR;d Ñfr esa lcls iqjkuk
ekuk tkrk gS] ftlesa 3 Hkkx gSaA O;kdj.k ls lacafèkr ,d r{k c<+bZ
xzaFk gksus ds lkFk blesa ml le; dh jktuhfrd vkSj dekZ èkkrqdehZ
lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr;ksa dh tkudkjh Hkh feyrh gSA vr% osdukV lkgwdkj
dFku 1 lgh gSA
vfj=kh ukfod
 igys nks Hkkx çkphu rfey Hkk"kk foKku tSls fd 'kCnkoyh]
Loj foKku] vkÑfr foKku vkSj okD; jpuk ls lacafèkr gSaA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
rhljk •aM Nan] vyadkj] dkO;] 'kSfy;ksa] fo"k;ksa (Themes)] 82. (a)
O;ogkj lafgrkvksa] dkO; 'kSyh vkfn ls lacafèkr gSA iwjs
O;k[;k% vdcj (1556-1605 bZLoh-)%
rksydkfIi;e esa 1612 dfV~Vjke gSa ftUgsa ,d vFkZ esa laLÑr
 mls eqxy oa'k ds egku jktkvksa esa ls ,d ekuk tkrk gSA gqek;w¡
lw=k ds vuq:i dgk tk ldrk gSA
dh e`R;q ds ckn dsoy 13 o"kZ dh vk;q esa og eqxy oa'k dk
 efgykvksa dks lEeku fn;k tkrk Fkk vkSj mUgsa ckSf¼d xfrfofèk;ksa
'kkld cuk;k x;k FkkA
dh vuqefr FkhA vOoS;kj] uPpsfy;j vkSj dkdbZikfMU;kj
 jktiwrksa ds lkFk vdcj dk xBcaèku jktuhfrd xBcaèku ds
tSlh efgyk dfo;ksa us rfey lkfgR; ds fodkl esa ;ksxnku
:i esa 'kq: gqvk ysfdu ckn esa fganqvksa vkSj eqlyekuksa ds chp
fn;kA
?kfu"B lacaèkksa ds ekè;e ds :i esa fodflr gqvkA
 efgykvksa dks viuk thou lkFkh pquus dh vuqefr Fkh
 vdcj] jktiwr jkT;ksa ds egÙo ls iwjh rjg okfdiQ Fkk vkSj
ysfdu foèkokvksa dk thou n;uh; FkkA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
,d cM+s lkezkT; dh LFkkiuk dh viuh egRokdka{kk esa mUgsa
 lekt ds mPp oxZ esa Hkh lrh izFkk ds izpfyr gksus dk mYys[k
lg;ksxh ds :i esa 'kkfey djus dh bPNk j•rk FkkA mlus
fd;k x;k gSA
tgk¡ Hkh laHko gks jktiwrksa ij thr gkfly djus dh dksf'k'k
80. (b) dh vkSj mUgsa eqxy lsok esa 'kkfey fd;kA mUgksaus jktiwr 'kkldksa
O;k[;k% 'kd] tks eè; ,f'k;k ls Hkkjr vk,] czkã.k eysPN] ds lkFk oSokfgd lacaèk LFkkfir fd;sA vr% vfHkdFku (A)
ccZj vFkok vU;ns'kh; ekurs FksA fdarq laLÑr ds laHkor% lgh gSA
vkjafHkd vfHkys•ksa esa ls ,d esa çfl¼ 'kd jktk #ænkeu  vkesj ds jktk Hkkjey us viuh lcls cM+h csVh tksèkkckbZ dk
(yxHkx nwljh 'krkCnh bZloh) }kjk lqn'kZu >hy ds th.kkZs¼kj fookg vdcj ls dj fn;kA vdcj us chdkusj vkSj tSlyesj
dk o.kZu feyrk gSA blls ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd 'kfDr'kkyh jktiwr jktdqekfj;ksa ls Hkh fookg fd;kA
eysPN laLÑrh; ifjikVh ls voxr FksA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA  vdcj jktiwr uhfr dh lcls mYys•uh; miyfCèk;ksa esa ls
 laLÑr xzaFk vkSj vfHkys•ksa esa O;kikfj;ksa ds fy;s of.kd ,d ;g Fkh fd jktiwr vkSj eqxyksa ds chp dksbZ 'k=kqrk ugha
'kCn ç;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA gkyk¡fd 'kkL=kksa esa O;kikj dks FkhA vdcj dh jktiwr uhfr O;kid èkkfeZd lfg".kqrk ls
oS';ksa dh thfodk crk;k tkrk gS vU; lzksrksa esa vfèkd tfVy tqM+h FkhA vr% dkj.k (R) lgh gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 22
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  mlus rhFkZ;k=kk dj vkSj ckn esa tft;k dj dks lekIr dj  vle ds tksjgkV iEi LVs'ku esa vkW;y bafM;k fyfeVsM
fn;kA mlus ;q¼ cafn;ksa ds tcju èkek±rj.k ij Hkh jksd yxk (OIL) }kjk Hkkjr dk igyk 'kq¼ gfjr gkbMªkstu la;a=k
nhA vdcj dh èkkfeZd lfg".kqrk ds dkj.k gh jktiwr 'kkldksa LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA
ds lkFk oSokfgd lacaèk cus jgsA 85. (a)
83. (c)
O;k[;k% jksfgy•aM ds iwoZ 'kkld ds oa'kt •ku cgknqj us cjsyh
O;k[;k% 27 tqykbZ 2022 dks dsaæh; x`g jkT;ea=kh us yksdlHkk esa esa 1857 ds foæksg dk usr`Ùo fd;k FkkA og vaxzs”kksa }kjk nh
crk;k fd mÙkj çns'k esa fiNys nks o"kks± esa lHkh jkT;ksa vkSj tk jgh isa'ku ls •q'k ugha Fkk] blfy;s mlus 40,000 lSfudksa
dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa esa fgjklr esa lcls ”;knk ekSrsa gqbZ gSaA dh ,d lsuk laxfBr dh vkSj vaxzs”kksa dk dM+k fojksèk fd;kA
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
 o"kZ 2020&21 esa mÙkj çns'k esa iqfyl fgjklr esa 451 ekSrsa
 fuEufyf•r rkfydk esa 1857 ds foæksg ds dqN vU;
ntZ dh xbZ] tcfd o"kZ 2021&22 esa ;g la[;k c<+dj 501 usrkvksa vkSj lacafèkr LFkkuksa dk mYys• gS%
gks xbZA o"kZ 2020&22 ds nkSjku mÙkj çns'k esa 955 ekSrsa
fgjklr esa gqbZA foæksg dk dsaæ usr`ÙodÙkkZ
 ljdkjh vk¡dM+ksa ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr esa fgjklr esa gksus okyh ekSrksa fnYyh tujy c[r •ku
dh dqy la[;k o"kZ 2020&21 esa 1,940 ls c<+dj o"kZ 2021&22 dkuiqj ukuk lkgc
esa 2,544 gks xbZ gSA y•uÅ csxe gtjr egy
 mÙkj çns'k ds ckn fgjklr esa lcls ”;knk ekSrsa if'pe fcgkj dqaoj flag
caxky esa gqbZA jkT; esa o"kZ 2020&21 esa 185 ekSrsa vkSj o"kZ iQStkckn ekSyoh vgenqYykg
2021&22 esa 257 ekSrsa ntZ dh xbZA
>kalh jkuh y{ehckbZ
 vk¡dM+ksa ds vuqlkj fiNys nks o"kks± esa fcgkj esa iqfyl fgjklr
ckxir 'kkgey
esa dqy 396, eè; çns'k esa 364 vkSj egkjk"Vª esa 340 ekSrsa
86. (a)
gqbZ gSaA
 tEew&d'ehj iqfyl eqBHksM+ksa esa ekSr ls lacafèkr ekeyksa esa ntZ O;k[;k% ^dkWUxzsl ea=kky;ksa ds rgr dk;Z* (1937)%
ekeyksa dh lwph esa o"kZ 2021&22 esa 45 ekeyksa ds lkFk  ukxfjd lqfoèkk,¡%
lcls Åij gSA lwph esa nwljs LFkku ij NÙkhlx<+ gS] ftlesa ™ vkikrdkyhu vfèkdkj nsus okys dkuwuksa dks fujLr dj fn;k x;kA
30 ekSrsa iqfyl eqBHksM+ esa gqbZ gSa] blds ckn mÙkj çns'k esa
™ fganqLrku lsok ny vkSj ;wFk yhx tSls voSèk laxBuksa vkSj
27 yksx ,udkmaVj esa ekjs x, gSaA
dqN fdrkcksa vkSj if=kdkvksa ij çfrcaèk gVk fn;k x;kA
 mYys•uh; gS fd ns'k Hkj esa o"kZ 2021&22 vkSj 2020&21
™ çsl ls çfrcaèk gVk fn;k x;kA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
esa iqfyl ,udkmaVj esa ekSr ls lacafèkr dqy 151 vkSj 82
™ v•ckjksa dks CySd fyLV@dkyh lwph ls ckgj dj fn;k x;k gSA
ekeys ntZ fd;s x, gSaA
™ ”kCr fd;s x, gfFk;kj vkSj 'kL=k ykblsal cgky fd;s x,A
84. (d)
™ iqfyl dh 'kfDr;ksa ij vadq'k yxk fn;k x;k vkSj lh-vkbZ-
O;k[;k% Hkkjrh; daiuh ^jhU;w ikoj* (Re New Power) us 8 vjc Mh- us jktusrkvksa dk ihNk djuk can dj fn;kA
MkWyj ds fuos'k ls Lost ugj vkfFkZd {ks=k esa ,d gfjr gkbMªkstu
™ jktuhfrd dSfn;ksa vkSj Økafrdkfj;ksa dks fjgk dj fn;k x;k
la;a=k LFkkfir djus ds fy;s felz ljdkj ds lkFk ÚseodZ
le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd;s gSaA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA rFkk fuokZlu ,oa utjcanh ds vkns'k jí dj fn;s x,A
 bl la;a=k esa gfjr gkbMªkstu ds 220,000 Vu okf"kZd mRiknu ™ ckWEcs esa lfou; voKk vkanksyu ds nkSjku ljdkj }kjk tCr

dh {kerk gksus dh mEehn gSA ;g ÚseodZ le>kSrk] ml le>kSrk dh xbZ Hkwfe dks cgky dj fn;k x;k FkkA
Kkiu (MoU) dk vuqlj.k djrk gS ftl ij tqykbZ 2022 esa ™ lfou; voKk vkanksyu ls tqM+s vfèkdkfj;ksa dh isa'ku cgky
gLrk{kj fd;s x, FksA dh xbZA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 23
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
  lekt dY;k.k lqèkkj%  bl fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj] oSf'od thou ;kiu ladV fo'o ds
™ dqN {ks=kksa esa fu"ksèkkKk dks ykxw fd;k x;kA lcls xjhc ns'kksa esa vU; 71 fefy;u yksxksa dks vR;fèkd
™ gfjtuksa ds dY;k.k ds fy;s fd;s x, mik; dqN bl çdkj xjhch ds fy;s e”kcwj dj jgk gSA
Fks& eafnj esa ços'k] lkoZtfud lqfoèkkvksa dk mi;ksx] Nk=ko`fÙk]  159 fodkl'khy ns'kksa ds fo'ys"k.k ds ckn bl ckr ij
ljdkjh lsok vkSj iqfyl esa mudh la[;k esa o`f¼ vkfnA çdk'k Mkyk x;k fd o"kZ 2022 esa çeq• oLrqvksa dh dherksa
™ çkFkfed] rduhdh vkSj mPp f'k{kk rFkk lkoZtfud LokLF; esa o`f¼ igys ls gh mi&lgkjk vÚhdk] ,f'k;k vkSj ckYdu
,oa LoPNrk ij è;ku fn;k x;kA ds dqN fgLlksa dks ijs'kku dj jgh gSA
™ •knh dks vuqnku ,oa vU; mik;ksa ds tfj;s çksRlkgu fn;k  bl fjiksVZ esa ;g Hkh dgk x;k gS fd] thou ;kiu dk ladV

x;kA yk•ksa yksxksa dks •rjukd xfr ls xjhch vkSj Hkq•ejh dh vksj
™ tsy lqèkkj fd;s x,A
èkdsy jgk gSA
™ Lons'kh m|eksa dks çksRlkgu fn;k x;kA Hkkjrh; ifjn`';%
 ;g n'kkZrk gS fd eqækLiQhfr dk Hkkjr esa xjhch ij dsoy
™ o"kZ 1938 esa dkWUxzsl vè;{k lqHkk"k cksl ds usr`Ro esa xfBr

^jk"Vªh; ;kstuk lfefr* ds ekè;e ls ;kstuk fodflr djus ,d ux.; çHkko gksxkA gkyk¡fd yf{kr gLrkarj.k (tSls fd
ds ç;kl fd;s x,A Hkkjr dj jgk gS) xjhc ifjokjksa dks ewY; o`f¼ ls fuiVus esa
enn djrk gSA
87. (b)
 bl fjiksVZ ls irk pyrk gS fd Hkkjr esa eqækLiQhfr fdlh dks
O;k[;k% ,u-vkbZ-vkj-,iQ- jSafdax 2022% Hkh 1.9 MkWyj@fnu dh fuEu xjhch js•k ls uhps ugha èkdsysxh]
 Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku (IIT) eækl us 87.59 vadksa ds tcfd dsoy 0.02% vkSj 0.04% vkcknh 3.3@fnu vkSj 5.5
lkFk igyk LFkku gkfly fd;kA Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku MkWyj@fnu dh mPp xjhch js•k ls uhps tk,xhA
(IIT) ckWEcs 82.35 vadksa ds lkFk rhljs vkSj Hkkjrh; foKku
89. (d)
laLFkku (IISC) csaxyq# 83.57 jsfVax ds lkFk nwljs LFkku ij
vk;kA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA O;k[;k% v'kksd ds vfèkdka'k f'kykys• çkÑr Hkk"kk esa Fks tcfd
 mPp f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa dks jSad nsus ds fy;s dsaæh; f'k{kk ea=kky; miegk}hi ds mÙkj&if'pe esa feyus okys f'kykys• vjkekbd
}kjk us'kuy baLVhVÔw'kuy jSafdax ÚseodZ (NIRF) rS;kj fd;k vkSj xzhd esa Hkh FksA
x;k FkkA bl jSafdax esa iwjs Hkkjr esa fofHkUu Jsf.k;ksa vkSj fofHkUu  çkÑr Hkk"kk ds vfèkdka'k f'kykys• czkãh fyfi esa fy•s

fo"k; Mksesu esa mPp f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa dks jSafdax nh tkrh gS A x, FksA gkyk¡fd miegk}hi ds mÙkj&if'pe esa feyus okys
 us'kuy baLVhVÔw'kuy jSafdax ÚseodZ (NIRF) jSafdax igyh ckj dqN f'kykys• •jks"Bh esa fy•s x, FksA
16 flracj] 2015 dks dsæa h; f'k{kk ea=kky; }kjk tkjh dh xbZ FkhA  viQxkfuLrku esa f'kykys•ksa ds fy;s vjkekbd vkSj xzhd

 ,u-vkbZ-vkj-,iQ- lexz ,u-vkbZ-vkj-,iQ- jSafdax ds vykok fyfi;ksa dk bLrseky fd;k x;k FkkA
fo'ofo|ky;] bathfu;fjax] çcaèku] iQkeZslh] dkWyst] fpfdRlk] vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
dkuwu] okLrqdyk] nar fpfdRlk vkSj vuqlaèkku lfgr muds 90. (b)
lacafèkr Mksesu esa fo'ks"k Js.kh okys laLFkkuksa dks Hkh jSad nsrk gSA
O;k[;k% lwiQhokn%
88. (b)  lwiQh eqfLye jgL;oknh FksA lwiQh yksxksa us eqfLye èkkfeZd

O;k[;k% dkWLV&vkWiQ&fyfoax Økbfll bu Msoyfiax dUVªht fo}kuksa }kjk fuèkkZfjr fo'kq¼ deZdkaM vkSj vkpkj&lafgrk
2022% dks vLohdkj dj fn;kA os bZ'oj ds lkFk Bhd mlh çdkj
 ¶dkWLV vkWiQ fyfoax Økbfll bu Msoyfiax daVªht¸ uked tqM+s jguk pkgrs Fks ftl çdkj ,d çseh] nqfu;k dh ijokg
fjiksVZ la;qDr jk"Vª fodkl dk;ZØe }kjk çdkf'kr dh xbZA fd;s fcuk viuh fç;rek ds lkFk tqM+s jguk pkgrk gSA vr%
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 24
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
  bUgksaus fdlh vkSfy;k ;k ihj dh ns•&js• esa ftØ (uke 92. (c)
dk tki)] fparu] lek (xkuk)] jDl (u`R;)] uhfr&ppkZ]
lk¡l ij fu;a=k.k vkfn ds tfj;s çf'k{k.k dh foLr`r jhfr;ksa O;k[;k%
dk fodkl fd;kA bl çdkj vkè;kfRed lwiQh mLrknksa dh fuekZrk bekjr
ihf<+;ksa] flyflykvksa dk çknqHkkZo gqvkA buesa ls izR;sd vdcj vkxjk ds fdys esa tgk¡xhjh egy
flyflyk] funZs'kksa o èkkfeZd fØ;kvksa dk FkksM+k&cgqr vyx tgk¡xhj ykgkSj esa eksrh efLtn
rjhdk viukrs FksA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA 'kkgtgk¡ ykgkSj esa 'kkyhekj ckx
 X;kjgoha 'krkCnh ls vusd lwiQh tu eè; ,f'k;k ls vkdj vkSjaxtsc ykgkSj esa ckn'kkgh efLtn
fganqLrku esa clus yxs FksA fnYyh lYrur dh LFkkiuk ds lkFk
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
;g çfØ;k ml le; vkSj Hkh e”kcwr gks xbZ tc miegk}hi
93. (b)
esa loZ=k cM+s&cM+s vusd lwiQh dsaæ fodflr gks x,A fp'rh
flyflyk bu lHkh flyflyksa esa lcls vfèkd çHkko'kkyh FkkA O;k[;k% gky gh esa mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us ,d ls vkB d{kk ds
vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA cPpksa ds fy;s Ldwy Mªsl vkSj LVs'kujh dh jkf'k ₹1100 ls
 blesa vkSfy;kvksa dh ,d yach ijaijk Fkh] tSls vtesj ds •oktk c<+kdj ₹1200 djus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA vr% dFku 1 lgh
eqbuqíhu fp'rh] fnYyh ds dqrqcqíhu cf[r;kj dkdh] iatkc ds gSA
ckck iQjhn] fnYyh ds •oktk futkeqíhu vkSfy;k vkSj xqycxZ  çR;{k ykHk varj.k (DBT) ds ekè;e ls d{kkvksa ds cPpksa
ds cank uokt fxlqnjktA ds ekrk&firk dks nh tk,xhA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
 lwiQh lar vius •kudkgksa esa fo'ks"k cSBdksa dk vk;kstu  bl jkf'k ls mÙkj çns'k csfld f'k{kk ifj"kn dh vksj ls
djrs FksA tgk¡ lHkh çdkj ds HkDrx.k] ftuesa 'kkgh ?kjkuksa ds lapkfyr çkFkfed o mPp çkFkfed Ldwyksa vkSj v'kkldh;
yksx rFkk vfHktkr vkSj vke yksx Hkh 'kkfey gksrs Fks] bu lgk;rkçkIr çkFkfed o iwoZ ekè;fed fo|ky;ksa esa d{kk
•kudkgksa esa vkrs FksA ;g vkè;kfRed fo"k;ksa ij ppkZ djrs ,d ls vkB rd ds lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s muds vfHkHkkod
FksA viuh nqfu;knkjh dh leL;kvksa dks lqy>kus ds fy;s larksa orZeku 'kSf{kd l=k esa ;wfuiQkeZ] LosVj] Ldwy cSx] twrs&eksts
ls vk'khokZn ekaxrs Fks vFkok laxhr rFkk u`R; ds tylksa esa
ds lkFk LVs'kujh Hkh •jhn ldsaxsA
'kkfey gksdj pys tkrs FksA vr% dFku 4 lgh gSA
 LVs'kujh esa pkj dkfi;k¡] nks isafly] nks isu] pkj jcj
91. (c)
vkSj pkj 'kkWiuj 'kkfey gSaA
O;k[;k% ½xoSfnd èkeZ% 94. (c)
 ½xoSfnd èkeZ dk lokZfèkd fnypLi igyw bldk cgqnsooknh
pfj=k Fkk ftlesa dbZ nsorkvksa dh iwtk dh tkrh FkhA vr% O;k[;k% Hkkjrh; vè;{krk esa igyh G&20 foÙk vkSj dsaæh; cSadksa
dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA ds izfrfufèk;ksa dh cSBd] 13 fnlacj ls 14 fnlacj 2022
rd csaxyq#] dukZVd esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA vr% dFku
 ½XoSfnd vk;Z çÑfr dh ltho vkRek ds :i esa xw<+ Hkkouk
1 lgh ugha gSA
ls iwtk djrs FksA
 uhfr vk;ksx ds iwoZ lh-bZ-vks- vferkHk dkar dks ih;w"k xks;y
 oSfnd nsorkvksa dks eq[; :i ls rhu lewgksa esa oxhZÑr fd;k
x;k Fkk& (I) vkdk'k ds nsork&o#.k] fe=k] lw;Z] fo".kq vkfnA dh txg G&20 ds fy;s Hkkjr ds u, 'ksjik ds :i esa pquk
(II) varfj{k ds nsork&baæ] #æ vkfnA (III) i`Foh ds
x;k gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
nsork&vfXu] c`gLifr] lkse vkfnA G-20:
 ½Xosn esa baæ dks lcls 'kfDr'kkyh nsork crk;k x;k gSA  n xzqi vkWiQ V~osaVh (G-20) ,d varj&ljdkjh eap gS ftlesa
baæ dks iqjanj (nqxks± dks u"V djus okyk) dgk tkrk gSA vr% 19 ns'k 'kkfey gSaA bu ns'kksa ds uke gSa& vts±Vhuk] vkWLVªsfy;k]
dFku 2 lgh gSA czkthy] dukMk] phu] Úkal] teZuh] Hkkjr] baMksusf'k;k] bVyh]

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 25
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 tkiku] dksfj;k x.kjkT;] eSfDldks] :l] lÅnh vjc] nf{k.k  jktk jkeeksgu jk; us o"kZ 1817 esa fganw dkWyst dh LFkkiuk
vÚhdk] rqdhZ] ;wukbVsM fdaxMe vkSj la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk ds- MsfoM gkjs ds ç;klksa dk leFkZu fd;kA
vkSj ;wjksih; la?kA 96. (b)
 G-20 lnL; oSf'od ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ds yxHkx 85%]
O;k[;k% ekpZ 1939 esa dkWUxzsl dk vfèkos'ku eè; çkar (orZeku
oSf'od O;kikj ds 75% ls vfèkd vkSj fo'o tula[;k
eè; çns'k esa tcyiqj ds ikl) esa f=kiqjh esa gqvkA
ds yxHkx nks&frgkbZ dk çfrfufèkRo djrs gSaA
 bl l=k ds nkSjku xkaèkh vkSj lqHkk"k panz cksl ds chp dbZ
 G-20 esa nks lekukarj VªSd gksrs gSa% iQkbusal VªSd vkSj 'ksjik
oSpkfjd erHksn lkeus vk,] ftlds dkj.k cksl dks dkWUxzsl
VªSdA foÙk ea=kh vkSj dsaæh; cSad ds xouZj foÙk VªSd dk usr`Ro
ds vè;{k in ls bLrhiQk nsuk iM+kA cksl vkSj muds vuq;kf;;ksa
djrs gSa] tcfd 'ksjik gh 'ksjik VªSd dk usr`Ro djrs gSaA
us dkWUxzsl ds Hkhrj ^iQkWjoMZ CykWd* uke ls ,d ubZ ikVhZ
 Hkkjr 1 fnlacj] 2022 ls 30 uoacj 2023 rd G-20 dh
dk xBu fd;kA
vè;{krk dj jgk gSA G20 esa vc rd ds lcls cM+s
 f=kiqjh ds çLrkoksa esa phu ls lacafèkr ,d fnypLi çLrko Fkk
çfrfufèkeaMy ds 43 çeq• flracj 2023 esa vafre ubZ fnYyh
f'k•j lEesyu esa Hkkx ysaxsA ^dkWUxzsl us fueZe vkSj vekuoh; lkezkT;okn ds f•ykiQ muds
la?k"kZ esa phu ds yksxksa vkSj mudh eqlhcrksa vkSj dfBukb;ksa esa
 Hkkjr ds G-20 çslhMsalh dh Fkhe ¶olqèkSo dqVqEcde¸ ;k
viuh xgjh lgkuqHkwfr dks n'kkZ;kA ;g mUgsa muds LFkwy çfrjksèk
¶,d i`Foh · ,d ifjokj · ,d Hkfo";¸ gSA ;g Fkhe
egk mifu"kn ds çkphu laLÑr ikB ls fy;k x;k gSA dks O;Dr djrk gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
 ^^dkWUxzsl us viuh vksj ls phu ds yksxksa ds fy;s ,d esfMdy
95. (b)
fe'ku Hkstus gsrq viuh LohÑfr O;Dr dh vkSj vk'oklu fn;k
O;k[;k% jktk jkeeksgu jk; dks ^Hkkjrh; iqutkZxj.k ds tud* fd bl fe'ku dks iw.kZ leFkZu çkIr gksrk jgsxk] rkfd ;g vius
vkSj vkèkqfud Hkkjr ds fuekZrk ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA lgk;rk ds dke dks çHkkoh <ax ls vkxs c<+k lds vkSj phu
 mUgksaus o"kZ 1809 esa ^,ds'ojokfn;ksa dk migkj* uked iqLrd ds lkFk Hkkjr dh ,dtqVrk dk ,d ekuuh; çrhd cu ldsA**
fy•h vkSj caxkyh esa osnksa vkSj ik¡p mifu"knksa dk vuqokn 97. (c)
fd;k rkfd mudh èkkj.kk lkfcr gks lds fd çkphu fganw xzaFk
,ds'ojokn dk leFkZu djrs gSaA O;k[;k% gky gh esa mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us ^,d f”kyk ,d mRikn*
 o"kZ 1814 esa mUgksaus osnkar ds ,ds'ojoknh vkn'kks± dk çpkj (ODOP) ;kstuk dh liQyrk ds ckn ^,d rglhy ,d
djus vkSj ewfrZiwtk] tkfrxr dBksjrk] vFkZghu deZdkaM vkSj mRikn* ;kstuk 'kq: djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA vr% dFku 1
vU; lkekftd cqjkb;ksa ds f•ykiQ vfHk;ku pykus ds fy;s lgh ugha gS ysfdu dFku 2 lgh gSA
dydÙkk esa vkReh; lHkk ;k lkslkbVh vkWiQ ÚsaM~l dh  mÙkj çns'k dh t~;knkrj rglhyksa ;k muds fdlh •kl dLcs
LFkkiuk dhA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA dk dksbZ mRikn mudh igpku gS] tSls& xksj•iqj ds dSafi;jxat
 mUgksaus ?kksf"kr fd;k fd osnkar dkj.k ij vkèkkfjr gS vkSj ;fn ds jepkSjk ds dPps dsys] iQjsank egjktxat dh gjh eVj] gjnksbZ
dkj.k dh ekax gS] rks 'kkL=kksa ls çLFkku Hkh mfpr gSA ds laMhyk dk yM~Mw] dq'khuxj ds nqngh CykWd esa gYnh dh
 jktk jkeeksgu jk; us vxLr 1828 esa czã lHkk dh LFkkiuk •srh vkfnA
dh] ftldk uke ckn esa cnydj czã lekt dj fn;k x;kA  oDr ds lkFk bu mRiknksa ds tfj;s czkaM ;wih ns'k&nqfu;k esa vkSj
 mUgksaus o"kZ 1818 esa vius lrh&fojksèkh la?k"kZ dh 'kq#vkr dh e”kcwr gksxkA ,d rjhds ls ;g ^,d f”kyk] ,d mRikn* dk
vkSj mUgksaus vius bl rdZ dks lkfcr djus ds fy;s ifo=k xzaFkksa gh foLrkj gksxkA
dk gokyk fn;k fd fdlh Hkh èkeZ us ekuork] dkj.k vkSj  mÙkj çns'k ds eq[;ea=kh us vius igys dk;Zdky esa 24 tuojh]
d#.kk dh vihy ds vykok foèkokvksa dks ftank tykus dh 2018 dks mÙkj çns'k ds igys LFkkiuk fnol dh 'kq#vkr djrs
vuqefr ugha nh gSA muds ç;klksa dks o"kZ 1829 esa Hkkjrh; gq, ODOP ;kstuk ykWUp dh Fkh] ftldk vPNk fjLikWUl
fczfV'k ljdkj ds fu;eu }kjk iqjLÑr fd;k x;k] ftlus feyk FkkA blfy;s jkT; ljdkj us ^,d rglhy ,d mRikn*
lrh çFkk dks vijkèk ?kksf"kr fd;kA ;kstuk ij dke djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 26
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 98. (d) 100. (a)

O;k[;k% ljnkj iVsy mRÑ"V vkbZ-lh-,-vkj- laLFkku iqjLdkj% O;k[;k% eqxy njckjh bfrgkl iQkjlh Hkk"kk esa fy•s x, FksA
 Hkkjrh; Ñf"k vuqlaèkku ifj"kn (ICAR) }kjk LFkkfir jk"Vªh; fnYyh ds lqYrkuksa ds dky esa mÙkj Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa fo'ks"kdj
Ñf"k vuqlaèkku çcaèku vdkneh (NAARM) dks mlds fganoh o bldh {ks=kh; fHkUurkvksa ds lkFk iQkjlh] njckj vkSj
lexz çn'kZu ds fy;s ¶ljnkj iVsy mRÑ"V vkbZ-lh-,-vkj- lkfgfR;d jpukvksa dh Hkk"kk ds :i esa •wc iqf"ir&iYyfor
laLFkku iqjLdkj 2021¸ (cM+s laLFkku Js.kh esa) çkIr fd;k gqbZA pw¡fd eqxy pxrkbZ ewy ds Fks vr% rqdhZ mudh ekr`Hkk"kk
gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA FkhA buds igys 'kkld ckcj us dfork,¡ vkSj vius laLej.k
iqjLdkj ds mís';% blh Hkk"kk esa fy•s FksA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
 ^vdcjukek* tSls eqxy bfrgkl iQkjlh esa fy•s x, Fks
 Hkkjrh; Ñf"k vuqlaèkku ifj"kn (ICAR) laLFkkuksa] fnYyh
fo'ofo|ky; (DUs)] dsaæh; Ñf"k fo'ofo|ky; (CAU) vkSj tcfd vU; tSls ckcj ds laLej.kksa dk ^ckcjukek* ds
jkT; Ñf"k fo'ofo|ky;ksa }kjk mRÑ"V çn'kZu dks ekU;rk nsukA uke ls rqdhZ ls iQkjlh esa vuqokn fd;k x;k FkkA eqxy
ckn'kkgksa us egkHkkjr vkSj jkek;.k tSls laLÑr xzaFkksa dks iQkjlh
 mRÑ"V laLFkkxr@fo'ofo|ky; çn'kZu ds fy;s çksRlkgu çnku
esa vuqokfnr fd;s tkus dk vkns'k fn;kA egkHkkjr dk vuqokn
djukA
j”eukek (;q¼ksa dh iqLrd) ds :i esa gqvkA
 bu miyfCèk;ksa esa laLFkkxr xkSjo dh Hkkouk dks c<+kok nsukA
 eqxy Hkkjr dh lHkh iqLrdsa ikaMqfyfi;ksa ds :i esa Fkh
iqjLdkj dh çÑfr% vFkkZr~ os gkFk ls fy•h gksrh FkhA ikaMqfyfi jpuk dk eq[;
 bl iqjLdkj ds rgr ,d O;fDrxr iqjLdkj esa ₹10,00,000 dsaæ 'kkgh fdrkc•kuk FkkA gkyk¡fd fdrkc•kuk 'kCn iqLrdky;
udn] ,d ç'kfLr i=k ,oa ,l-,-;w- rFkk Mh;w ds fy;s vkSj ds :i esa vuqokfnr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g njvly ,d
vU; vkbZ-lh-,-vkj- laLFkkuksa ds fy;s ,d ifV~Vdk fyfi?kj Fkk] vFkkZr~ ,slk LFkku tgk¡ ckn'kkg dh ikaMqfyfi;ksa
'kkfey gSA dk laxzg fd;k tkrk Fkk rFkk ubZ ikaMqfyfi;ksa dh jpuk dh
99. (c) tkrh FkhA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
O;k[;k% iSfy;ksfyfFkd ;k iqjkik"kk.k dky% 101. (d)
 iqjkik"kk.k ;qx ds LFky Hkkjrh; miegk}hi ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa O;k[;k% Kkuksn; ds ckn cq¼ us vius igys èkekZsins'k èkeZpØ ifjorZu
O;kid :i ls ik, tkrs gSaA lqÙk ;k ^èkEe dk ifg;k ?kqekuk* dk mins'k fgj.k ikdZ esa
 ;s LFky vkerkSj ij ty lzksrksa ds ikl ik, x, gSaA mÙkj çns'k ds okjk.klh ds ikl lkjukFk esa 'kfuokj dh iwoZ
 iqjkik"kk.k dky ds yksxksa }kjk mi;ksx fd;s tkus okys dbZ laè;k ij tqykbZ dh iwf.kZek ds fnu ik¡p rifLo;ksa dks fn;k]
'kSykJ; vkSj xqiQk,¡ miegk}hi esa iQSyh gqbZ gSaA tks igys muds lkFkh FksA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
 iqjkik"kk.k dky ds yksx iÙkksa ls cuh >ksifM+;ksa esa fojys gh  èkekZsins'k esa pkj egku lR;ksa esa O;Dr muds f'k{k.k ds ewy
jgrs FksA fl¼kar 'kkfey gSa%
Hkkjr esa iqjkik"kk.k dky ds dqN çfl¼ LFky gSa% 1. nq• dk lR; (nqD•)
 mÙkj&if'pe Hkkjr esa lksu ?kkVh vkSj iksVokj dk iBkjA 2. nq• dh mRifÙk dk lR; (leqnk;)
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA 3. nq• dh lekfIr dk lR; (fujksèk)
 mÙkj Hkkjr esa f'kokfyd dh igkfM+;k¡ 4. nq• dh lekfIr ds fy;s lR; dk ekxZ (v"Vkafxdk&ekxZ)
 eè; çns'k esa HkhecsVdk 102. (d)
 ueZnk ?kkVh esa vknex<+ dh igkM+h O;k[;k% f=ki{kh; la?k"kZ%
 vkaèkz çns'k esa dquZwy  Hkkjr dk iwohZ Hkkx ikyksa ds fu;a=k.k esa Fkk] if'peh {ks=k çfrgkjksa
 psUubZ ds fudV vfÙkjeiDde ds fu;a=k.k esa Fkk vkSj nDdu {ks=k jk"VªdwVksa }kjk 'kkflr FkkA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 27
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 ¶f=ki{kh; la?k"kZ¸ dUukSt ij fu;a=k.k ds fy;s bu rhu jktoa'kksa 105. (d)
ds chp la?k"kZ dks lanfHkZr djrk gSA vr% vfHkdFku (A)
lgh ugha gSA O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k esa Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; dkWUxzsl ds fuEufyf•r
vfèkos'ku gq,%
 çfrgkj lkezkT;] iky lkezkT; vkSj jk"VªdwV lkezkT; vkilh ;q¼
esa O;Lr FksA bl yacs le; esa] blus rhuksa jktoa'kksa dks vlqjf{kr vè;{k LFkku o"kZ
dj fn;kA tkWtZ ;wy bykgkckn 1888
O;kses'k paæ cuthZ bykgkckn 1892
dUukSt%
jes'k paæ nÙk y•uÅ 1899
 dUukSt xaxk ds O;kikj ekxZ ij fLFkr Fkk vkSj js'ke ekxZ ls
xksiky Ñ".k xks•ys okjk.klh 1905
tqM+k gqvk FkkA blus dUukSt dks j.kuhfrd ,oa O;kolkf;d :i
ls cgqr egÙoiw.kZ cuk fn;kA ;g mÙkjh Hkkjr esa g"kZoèkZu lkezkT; fofy;e osMjcuZ bykgkckn 1910
vafcdk pj.k etwenkj y•uÅ 1916
dh iwoZ jktèkkuh Hkh FkhA ;g eè;dkyhu Hkkjr esa 'kfDr dk
ljksftuh uk;Mw dkuiqj 1925
çrhd FkkA vr% dkj.k (R) lgh gSA
ia- tokgj yky usg: y•uÅ 1936
103. (d)
tsch Ñiykuh esjB 1946
O;k[;k% 27 tqykbZ 2022 dks mÙkj çns'k ds eq[;ea=kh }kjk u, uxjh; vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSaA
fudk;ksa ds fy;s eq[;ea=kh uxj l`tu ;kstuk 'kq: dh xbZA vr% 106. (c)
fodYi (d) lgh gSA
 ;g ;kstuk bu uohu uxjh; {ks=kksa esa lhojst] is;ty] ikfd±x] O;k[;k% eqxy lkezkT; dk iru%
™ eqxyksa dh 'kklu ç.kkyh futh rkSj ij rkuk'kkgh ,oa fujadq'k
LoPNrk] pkSjkgksa dk lqanjhdj.k] ekxZ çdk'k] lkeqnkf;d dsaæ]
lM+d fuekZ.k] Ldwy ,oa vkaxuckM+h dsaæ dh LFkkiuk ds lÙkk Fkh] blfy;s bldh liQyrk 'kklu pykus okys ckn'kkg
fy;s mi;ksxh gksxhA ds pfj=k ij fuHkZj djrh FkhA ckn ds eqxy ckn'kkg v;ksX;
Fks vkSj jkT; ds ç'kklu dh mis{kk djrs FksA vr% dkj.k
 bl ;kstuk ds rgr gksus okys dk;ks± dh dM+h ekWfuVfjax dh
(R) lgh gSA
tkuh pkfg;sA bl dk;Z esa iwjh ikjnf'kZrk vkSj xq.koÙkk gksxhA
™ oa'kØe ds ,d iq[rk dkuwu vkSj fu;e ds vHkko esa] ges'kk
 bl ;kstuk ds rgr fuekZ.k ,oa fodkl dk;ks± esa uokpkj çh
mÙkjkfèkdkj ds fy;s ;q¼ gksrk Fkk] ftlus 'kklu dh fLFkjrk
iQSc@çh dkWLV daØhV fuekZ.k rduhd dk mi;ksx fd;k
dks detksj dj fn;kA
tk,xkA
™ 'kkldksa dh foÑfr vkSj vèkerk ds dkj.k lkezkT; dk iru
104. (d) gqvk] ftlesa rF;kRed fooknksa vkSj lkft'kksa ds dkj.k lkezkT;
O;k[;k% fe'ku dq'ky dehZ fnYyh ljdkj }kjk 'kq: fd;k x;k dks Hkkjh dher pqdkuh iM+hA
gSA bldk mís'; fuekZ.k dk;ks± esa dke djus okys Jfedksa ™ lsuk dk iru Hkh lkezkT; ds fy;s fouk'kdkjh fl¼ gqvkA

ds dkS'ky dk mUu;u djuk gSA vr% dFku 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa ™ vkSjaxtsc dh èkkfeZd uhfr eq[; :i ls jktiwrksa] fl•ksa]

lgh ugha gSaA tkVksa vkSj ejkBksa ds foæksg dk dkj.k cuhA

 ;g dk;ZØe fnYyh fLdy ,aM ,aVjçsU;ksjf'ki ;wfuoflZVh ™ vkSjaxtsc dh nDdu uhfr iwjh rjg foiQy jgh vkSj eqxy

(DSEU) vkSj fnYyh fcfYMax ,aM vMj daLVªD'ku odZlZ lkezkT; ds iru dk ewy dkj.k FkhA
osyiQs;j cksMZ dh enn ls 'kq: fd;k x;k gSA ™ bZjkuh vkSj nqjkZuh lkezkT;ksa ds vkØe.kksa us eqxy lkezkT; dks

 blls Jfedksa dh vk; ₹8,000 rd c<+kus esa enn feysxhA {kh.k dj fn;kA
ljdkj dk y{; bl dk;ZØe ds rgr ,d o"kZ esa 2 yk• ™ bZjkuh vkSj nqjkZuh jkT;ksa ds vkØe.kksa us eqxy lkezkT; ij
Jfedksa dks çf'kf{kr djuk gSA çk.k?kkrd geyk djds lka?kkfrd çgkj fn;kA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 28
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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  18oha 'krkCnh dh 'kq#vkr esa eqxy lkezkT; esa lS;n glu vyh  ;g felz] eslksiksVkfe;k] Hkkjr vkSj phu dh pkj çkphu 'kgjh
•ku vkSj lS;n gqlSu vyh •ku 'kfDr'kkyh 'kkld FksA oks jktk lH;rkvksa dk lcls cM+k fuokl FkkA
ugha cus ijarq mUgsa ^jktk cukus okys* ^fdaxesdj* ds uke ls  dbZ LFkyksa ds flaèkq ?kkVh ls dkiQh nwj cls gksus ds dkj.k ^flaèkq
tkuk tkrk gSA vr% vfHkdFku (A) lgh gSA ?kkVh lH;rk* dks ckn esa ^flaèkq lH;rk* uke fn;k x;kA
107. (a)  •ksts x, çFke LFky ds uke ij bls ^gM+Iik lH;rk* Hkh dgk
tkrk gSA
O;k[;k% 27 tqykbZ 2022 dks mÙkj çns'k ljdkj ds lw{e] y?kq ,oa
eè;e m|e vkSj fu;kZr çksRlkgu foHkkx us ekbØks CykWfxax  lcls egÙoiw.kZ flaèkq ?kkVh LFky flaèk esa dksVnhth] jktLFkku
,si ^dw* ds lkFk ,d le>kSrk Kkiu (MoU) ij gLrk{kj esa dkyhcaxk] iatkc esa jksiM+] gfj;k.kk esa cuokyh ,oa xqtjkr
fd;k gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA ds rhuksa yksFky] lqjdksVM+k vkSj èkksykohjk gSaA
 lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|e ,oa fu;kZr çksRlkgu foHkkx ds  eksgutksnMks lHkh flaèkq 'kgjksa esa lcls cM+k Fkk vkSj blds 200
vij eq[; lfpo uouhr lgxy vkSj ^dw* ds lg&laLFkkid gsDVs;j {ks=k esa iQSys gksus dk vuqeku gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh
,oa eq[; dk;Zdkjh vfèkdkjh vçes; jkèkkÑ".k us le>kSrk ugha gSA
Kkiu ij gLrk{kj fd;sA  gM+Iik ds mÙkjk¼Z esa] flaèkq laLÑfr dk iru 'kq: gqvkA yksFky
 le>kSrs ds rgr ^dw* vius ;wtlZ ds chp tkx:drk c<+kus dh •qnkbZ ls bl pj.k ds Øekxr mUufr dk irk pyrk gSA
ds fy;s ^,d f”kyk] ,d mRikn* (ODOP) ls tqM+h lkexzh canjxkg dh lqfoèkk okys yksFky dh LFkkiuk cgqr ckn esa gqbZ
vkSj mRiknksa dk 10 Hkk"kkvksa esa çpkj&çlkj dk eap çnku djsxkA FkhA ;g ck<+ lqj{kk dh n`f"V ls ,d fo'kky b±Vksa ls fufeZr
blds vykok] ^dw* dkWikZsjsV lsDVj esa migkj nsus ds fy;s Hkh nhokj ls f?kjk gqvk FkkA
vks-Mh-vks-ih- ds mRikn Hkh •jhnsxkA  yksFky gM+Iik lH;rk vkSj Hkkjr ds 'ks"k Hkkx ds lkFk&lkFk
 ^,d f”kyk] ,d mRikn* ;kstuk dh nwljs ns'kksa ds nwrkoklksa esa eslksiksVkfe;k ds eè; O;kikj gsrq ,d foØ; dsaæ cuk jgkA
Hkh czkafMax dh tk,xhA nwrkoklksa esa vks-Mh-vks-ih- ds mRikn Hkh vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
çnf'kZr fd;s tk,axs vkSj fMLIys esa bZ&dkWelZ IysViQkWeZ dh Hkh 110. (d)
tkudkjh nh tk,xhA
O;k[;k% eulcnkj%
108. (c)
 eulc j•us okys O;fDr dks eulcnkj dgk x;kA ftldk
O;k[;k% •knh vkSj xzkeks|ksx vk;ksx (KVIC) ds foi.ku ds iwoZ vFkZ ,d in ;k jSad èkkj.k djus ls FkkA
fo'ks"kK lnL; eukst dqekj dks tqykbZ 2022 esa KVIC ds  ;g eqxyksa }kjk fuEufyf[kr dks fuèkkZfjr djus ds fy;s bLrseky
vè;{k ds :i esa fu;qDr fd;k x;k FkkA vr% fodYi (c) dh tkus okyh ,d xzsfMax ç.kkyh FkhA
lgh gSA ™ jSad ™ lSU; f”kEesnkfj;k¡A
 mUgksaus fou; dqekj lDlsuk dk LFkku fy;k] ftUgksaus fnYyh
™ osru
ds mijkT;iky ds :i esa dk;ZHkkj laHkkyk gSA
 in vkSj osru dk fuèkkZj.k tkr dh la[;k ij fuHkZj FkkA
 KVIC ,d oSèkkfud fudk; gS ftls •knh vkSj xzkeks|ksx
vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
vk;ksx vfèkfu;e] 1956 ds rgr xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa •knh vkSj
 tkr dh la[;k ftruh vfèkd gksrh Fkh] njckj esa vfHktkr
vU; xzkeh.k m|ksxksa dks fodflr djus ds mís'; ls fuxfer
fd;k x;k gSA ;g lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|e ea=kky; ds dh çfr"Bk mruh gh c<+ tkrh Fkh vkSj mldk osru Hkh
vèkhu dk;Z djrk gSA mruk gh vfèkd gksrk FkkA
 tks lSU; mÙkjnkf;Ro eulcnkjksa dks lkSais tkrs Fks mUgha ds vuqlkj
109. (a)
mUgsa ?kqM+lokj j•us iM+rs FksA eulcnkj vius lokjksa dks fujh{k.k
O;k[;k% flaèkq ?kkVh lH;rk yxHkx 2,500 bZlk&iwoZ nf{k.k ,f'k;k ds fy;s ykrs FksA os vius lSfudksa ds ?kksM+ksa dks nxokrs Fks ,oa
ds if'peh Hkkx esa] ledkyhu ikfdLrku vkSj if'peh Hkkjr lSfudksa dk iathdj.k djokrs FksA bu dk;Zokfg;ksa ds ckn gh
esa iQyh&iQwyhA mUgsa lSfudksa dks osru nsus ds fy;s èku feyrk FkkA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 29
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  eulcnkj viuk osru jktLo ,df=kr djus okyh Hkwfe ds  voarh oeZu ds 'kkludky ds nkSjku] voarhiqj vkSj lq;kiqj
:i esa ikrs Fks] ftUgsa tkxhj dgrs FksA 'kgjksa dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ FkhA fo".kq vkSj f'ko nksuksa dks lefiZr
vdcjukek% dbZ fganw eafnj vkSj ckS¼ eB muds dky esa cuk, x, FksA
 vcqy iQ”ky us vdcj ds 'kkludky dk bfrgkl 3 Hkkxksa 113. (c)
esa fy•k] ftldk 'kh"kZd vdcjukek FkkA vr% dFku 2 O;k[;k% gky gh esa mÙkj çns'k jkT; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku us
lgh ugha gSA efgyk l'kDrhdj.k ds fy;s ik¡p o"kZ dk jksMeSi rS;kj fd;k
 igyk Hkkx vdcj ds iwoZtksa ls lacafèkr gS vkSj nwljk vdcj gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
ds 'kkludky dh ?kVukvksa dk fooj.k nsrk gSA bldk rhljk  blds rgr xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa vxys ik¡p lkyksa esa djhc 66
Hkkx ^vkbus&,&vdcjh* gSA yk• efgykvksa dks u, lewgksa ls tksM+rs gq, mUgsa jks”kxkj ls
 blesa vdcj ds ç'kklu] ?kjkus] lsuk] jktLo vkSj lkezkT; ds tksM+k tk,xkA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
Hkwxksy dk C;kSjk feyrk gSA  fufeZr jksMeSi ds rgr ik¡p o"kks± ds vanj jkT; esa 5 yk• 50

 blesa ledkyhu Hkkjr ds yksxksa dh ijaijkvksa vkSj laLÑfr;ksa g”kkj 868 u, vkthfodk lewgksa dk xBu fd;k tk,xkA vr%
dk Hkh foLr`r o.kZu gSA vkbus&vdcjh dk lc ls jkspd vk;ke dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA
gS] fofoèk çdkj dh phtksa& iQlyksa] iSnkokj] dherksa] etnwjh  fe'ku }kjk bl jksMeSi ds y{; dks N% ekg] ,d o"kZ] nks

vkSj jktLo] dk lkaf[;dh; fooj.kA o"kZ vkSj ik¡p o"kZ ds lewgksa esa ck¡V fn;k x;k gSA vr% dFku
4 lgh gSA
111. (a)
 bl y{; ds iwjk gksus ij xzkeh.k ifjokjksa esa efgykvksa dk ,d
O;k[;k% fefyUniUgks] vPNh le> ds lkFk] ckS¼ lkfgR; dk ,d cM+k oxZ lhèks ?kj&ifjokj ds lkFk gh xk¡o vkSj jkT; dh
çfl¼ lkfgR; dk;Z gS] ftls laHkor% igyh 'krkCnh bZlk iwoZ vFkZO;oLFkk esa ;ksxnku nsxkA
esa ladfyr fd;k x;k FkkA ;g ckS¼ fl¼kar dks cgqr gh  orZeku esa jkT; esa 4 yk• 81 g”kkj 793 Lo;a lgk;rk lewg
vkd"kZd vkSj ;knxkj :i esa ,d cSfDVª;u xzhd jktk] fefyaMk] xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa dk;Zjr gSaA buesa ls 3 yk• 54 g”kkj 489
tks ^MsfoYl ,MoksdsV* dh Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gS vkSj ,d ckS¼ lewgksa dks lewg dh xfrfofèk;k¡ 'kq: djus ds fy;s vc rd
lkèkq] ukxlsu ds chp laokn ds :i esa çLrqr djrk gSA pj.kc¼ rjhds ls 531.73 djksM+ #i, fjokfYoax iQaM ds :i
fefyaniUgks dk ys•d ukxlsu FkkA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA esa fn;s tk pqds gSaA
 fefyUniUgks dks cehZ ckS¼ èkeZ esa fofgr ekuk tkrk gS  2 yk• 85 g”kkj 913 lewgksa dks dE;qfuVh fuos'k iQaM eqgS;k

vkSj bls •qíd fudk; dh iqLrd esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA djkus ds lkFk gh bu lewgksa ls tqM+h efgykvksa dks vkthfodk
lacaèkh xfrfofèk;ksa ls tksM+ fn;k x;k gSA
112. (d)
 bu ;kstukvksa esa çeq• :i ls ch-lh- l•h] iq"Vkgkj fuekZ.k
O;k[;k% mRiy oa'k% bdkbZ] mfpr nj dh nqdkuksa dk vkoaVu] lkeqnkf;d 'kkSpky;
 mRiy jktoa'k dks d'ehj ds jkT;ksa esa ls ,d ekuk tkrk gS dk çcaèku] fctyh fcy dysD'ku] vkstl (lksyj mRikn)]
ftlus Hkkjrh; miegk}hi ds mÙkjh Hkkx esa d'ehj ds iwjs {ks=k vkthfodk xzkeh.k ,Dlçsl ;kstuk] eujsxk esa lgHkkfxrk]
dks ç'kkflr fd;kA LVkVZ&vi foyst baVjçksU;ksjf'ki çksxkz e] Mªkb jk'ku dk forj.k]
 bl jkT; dh LFkkiuk voarh oeZu us dh Fkh] ftUgksaus 855 bZLoh efgyk fdlku l'kDrhdj.k ifj;kstuk] iQkeZ oSY;w psu
esa ddkZsVk jktoa'k ds 'kklu dks lekIr dj fn;k FkkA vr% vkfn gSaA
fodYi (d) lgh gSA 114. (a)
 mRiy oa'k dh jktèkkuh voafriqj FkhA bl jktoa'k dh lcls O;k[;k%
vfèkd bLrseky dh tkus okyh Hkk"kk laLÑr ds :i esa fuèkkZfjr
frfFk fnol
dh xbZ FkhA ml jktoa'k esa jgus okys vfèkdka'k yksx fganw èkeZ
28 iQjojh jk"Vªh; foKku fnol
vkSj ckS¼ èkeZ ds FksA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 30
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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 27 flracj fo'o i;ZVu fnol 117. (a)
8 ekpZ varjkZ"Vªh; efgyk fnol O;k[;k% 29 tqykbZ 2022 dks ^,d Hkkjr&Js"B Hkkjr*vkSj
7 tqykbZ oSf'od {kek fnol ^lkaLÑfrd vknku&çnku ;kstuk* ds rgr mÙkj çns'k ds
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA laLÑfr foHkkx vkSj bafnjk xkaèkh jk"Vªh; dyk dsaæ ds eè;
115. (a) ,d le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd;k x;kA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k esa fdlku vkanksyu%
lHkk@vkanksyu laLFkkidksa o"kZ

mÙkj çns'k fdlku xkSjh 'kadj feJ] baæ ukjk;.k f}osnh] 1918
lHkk enu eksgu ekyoh;

voèk fdlku lHkk ckck jkepaæ 1920

(çrkix<+)

,dk vkanksyu enkjh iklh 1921

 mÙkj çns'k ds v;ksè;k 'kksèk laLFkku ds funs'kd MkW- yodq'k
vf•y Hkkjrh; fdlku Lokeh lgtkuan] ,u-th- jaxk] 1936
lHkk (y•uÅ) banqyky ;kfXud f}osnh vkSj bafnjk xkaèkh jk"Vªh; dyk dsaæ ubZ fnYyh dh
vksj ls lnL; lfpo us bl le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd;sA
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA  le>kSrs us ns'k esa vius lHkh laLFkkuksa ds chp 'kSf{kd vkSj
116. (d) lkaLÑfrd vknku&çnku dk ekxZ ç'kLr fd;k gS] ftlesa bafnjk
xkaèkh jk"Vªh; dyk dsaæ] ubZ fnYyh dk eq[;ky; Hkh 'kkfey gSA
O;k[;k% egkRek xkaèkh vkSj tokgjyky usg: vkèkqfudrk] èkeZ] bZ'oj]
jkT; vkSj vkS|ksxhdj.k ds çfr LoHkko vkSj n`f"Vdks.k esa fHkUu FksA  bl le>kSrs ls bafnjk xkaèkh jk"Vªh; dyk dsaæ] ubZ fnYyh
 usg: èkeZ ds çfr rVLFk FksA xkaèkh bZ'oj ds vius laLdj.k esa ds eq[;ky; lfgr ns'k esa mldh lHkh laLFkkvksa ds chp
xgjkbZ ls fo'okl djrs FksA usg: dk ekuuk Fkk fd vkS|ksxhdj.k 'kSf{kd ,oa lkaLÑfrd vknku&çnku dk jkLrk •qy x;k gSA
gh Hkkjr dh c<+rh vkSj O;kid xjhch dk ,dek=k lekèkku 118. (b)
gS] tcfd xkaèkh us xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dks iquthZfor djus dk
vkÞoku fd;kA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA O;k[;k% varjkZ"Vªh; IykfLVd cSx eqDr fnol] gj o"kZ tqykbZ
 usg: lekt ds mRFkku vkSj lqèkkj ds fy;s vkèkqfud jkT;
eghus dh 3 rkjh• dks euk;k tkrk gS] ;g ,d oSf'od igy
dh 'kfDr;ksa esa fo'okl djrs Fks] tcfd xkaèkh dks jkT; dh gS ftldk mís'; IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa ds mi;ksx dks lekIr
lÙkk ij lansg Fkk] blds ctk; mUgsa yksxksa vkSj leqnk;ksa dh djuk gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
varjkRek vkSj bPNk ij Hkjkslk FkkA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA  varjkZ"Vªh; IykfLVd cSx eqDr fnol cSx Úh oYMZ }kjk

 brus erHksn gksus ds ckotwn] usg: xkaèkh dk lEeku djrs Fks cuk;k x;k FkkA ;g nqfu;k Hkj esa IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa ds
vkSj xkaèkh usg: esa vfèkd fo'okl djrs FksA flaxy ;wt ls NqVdkjk fnykus ds mís'; ls ,d fo'oO;kih
 f'k{kd vkSj f'k"; nksuksa esa ekSfyd lekurk,¡ Fkha&,d lekos'kh igy ds :i esa cuk;k x;k FkkA ;g ge lHkh dks IykfLVd
vFkZ esa ns'kHkfDr] ;kuh] mUgksaus ,d fo'ks"k tkfr] Hkk"kk] {ks=k ;k dh FkSfy;ksa ds mi;ksx ls nwj jgus rFkk blds LFkku ij i;kZoj.k
èkeZ ds ctk; laiw.kZ ds :i esa Hkkjr dh igpku dks ojh;rk ds vuqdwy fodYiksa dh ryk'k djus ds fy;s çksRlkfgr
nhA nksuksa vfgalk vkSj ljdkj ds yksdrkaf=kd Lo:i esa djds i;kZoj.k laj{k.k dks c<+kok nsus ds ckjs esa tkx:drk
fo'okl djrs FksA l`ftr djrk gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 31
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119. (b)

O;k[;k% ckS¼ laxhfr;k¡%

laxhfr o"kZ LFkku vè;{k 'kkld ifj.kke
çFke ckS¼ laxhfr 483 bZ-iw- lIri.khZ xq i Qk] egdLli vtkr'k=kq vkuan vkSj mikyh }kjk Øe'k% lqÙk&fiVd vkSj fou;
jktx`g (g;Zd oa'k) fiVd dk ladyu
f}rh; ckS¼ laxhfr 383 bZ-iw- pqYyoXx oS'kkyh 'kkcdehj dkyk'kksd 1. oS'kkyh ds fHk{kq laLdkjksa esa dqN ifjorZu pkgrs FksA
(f'k'kqukx oa'k) blesa fHk{kqd la?k Fksjoknh o egklaf?kd esa
2.
foHkkftr gks x;kA
r`rh; ckS¼ laxhfr 250 bZ-iw- v'kksdjke fogkj] eksXxfyiqr frLl v'kksd (ekS;Z 1. vfHkèkEe fiVd dk ladyu
ikVfyiq=k oa'k) 2. fo'o ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa fe'kufj;ksa dks Hkstus
dk fu.kZ;
prqFkZ ckS¼ laxhfr 98 bZLoh dqMa y ou] d'ehj vè;{k olqfe=k dfu"d 1. egkfoHkk 'kkL=k (f=kfiVd ij laLÑr fVIi.kh)
mikè;{k (dq"kk.k oa'k) dk ladyu
v'o?kks"k 2. ckS¼ èkeZ dk ghu;ku rFkk egk;ku esa foHkktu

vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA

120. (b) ™ ;g eafnj Hkxoku fo".kq ds vorkj Hkxoku foV~By dks
lefiZr gSA bl eafnj ls lacfa èkr fooj.kksa ds vuqlkj ;g Hkxoku
O;k[;k% gEih% fo".kq dk fuokl FkkA ysfdu Hkxoku fo".kq bl HkO; eafnj dks
 gEih uxj] Ñ".kk vkSj rqaxHkæk ufn;ksa dh ?kkVh esa fLFkr NksMd
+ j lkèkkj.k thou thus ds fy;s ;gk¡ ls pys x,A
gSA ;g uxj o"kZ 1336 esa LFkkfir fot;uxj lkezkT; dk ™ ;g gEih dh lHkh okLrqdykvksa esa lcls HkO; gSA bls
dsaæ LFky FkkA gEih ds 'kkunkj •aMgjksa ls irk pyrk gS fd okLrqdyk dh æfoM+ 'kSyh esa cuk;k x;k FkkA blesa 'kq: esa
ml 'kgj dh fdyscanh mPp dksfV dh FkhA fdys dh nhokjksa can@f?kjk gqvk eaMi Fkk vkSj ckn esa blesa Ñ".knsojk;
ds fuekZ.k esa dgha Hkh xkjs&pwus tSls fdlh Hkh tksM+us okys }kjk ,d •qyk eaMi tksM+k x;k FkkA
elkys dk ç;ksx ugha fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj f'kyk•aMksa dks vkil
121. (a)
esa iQ¡lkdj fpidkdj x;k FkkA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
 eafnj lkaLÑfrd xfrfofèk;ksa ds dsaæ gksrs Fks vkSj nsonkfl;k¡ O;k[;k% tSu laLÑr 'kCn ^ftu* ls cuk gS ftldk vFkZ gksrk gS
fo:ik{k (f'ko) eafnj ds vusd LraHk okys fo'kky d{kksa esa fotsrkA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
nso çfrek] jktk rFkk çtktuksa ds le{k u`R; fd;k djrh FkhA  tSu èkeZ esa dqy 24 rhFk±dj ekus tkrs gSa ftUgksaus le;&le;

egkuoeh ioZ] tks vkt nf{k.k esa uojkf=k ioZ dgykrk ij tSu èkeZ dk çpkj&çlkj fd;kA
gS] mu fnuksa gEih esa ,d vR;ar egÙoiw.kZ ioZ ekuk tkrk  egkohj Lokeh 24osa rhFk±dj Fks vkSj mUgsa tSu èkeZ dk okLrfod

FkkA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA çorZd ekuk tkrk gSA muds firk fl¼kFkZ xk;=khd {kf=k; la?k
 fot; foV~By eafnj% ;g gEih ds lcls cM+s vkSj lcls
ds çeq• FksA mudh ek¡ f=k'kyk fyPNoh x.kjkT; ds çeq•
psrd dh cgu FkhA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
'kkunkj eafnjksa esa ls ,d gSA ;g rqaxHkæk unh ds rV ij
fLFkr gSA 122. (c)

™ bl eafnj dk fuekZ.k 15oha 'krkCnh esa jktk nsojk; O;k[;k% xgM+oky ;k xkgjokj oa'k%
f}rh; }kjk fd;k x;k FkkA ftls Ñ".knsojk; }kjk vkSj  12oha&13oha 'krkCnh esa eqfLye fot; dh iwoZ laè;k ij xgM+oky
foLrkfjr fd;k x;k FkkA ;k xkgjokj jktoa'k mÙkj Hkkjr ds dbZ 'kkld ifjokjksa esa ls ,d FkkA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 32
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
  bldk bfrgkl] 11oha 'krkCnh ds mÙkjk¼Z vkSj 13oha 'krkCnh ™ çps"Vk&1 (51%-60%)% xksj•iqj] okjk.klh] dkuiqj uxj
ds eè; rd] çkjafHkd eè;;qxhu mÙkj Hkkjrh; jktuhfr dh vkSj 33 vU;A
lHkh fo'ks"krkvksa dks n'kkZrk gS& oa'koknh 'k=kqrk vkSj xBcaèku] ™ çps"Vk&2 (41%-50%)% ihyhHkhr] •hjh] cqyan'kgj] jkeiqj]
lkearh jkT; lajpuk] czkã.koknh lkekftd fopkjèkkjk ij iw.kZ yfyriqjA
fuHkZjrk vkSj ckgjh vkØe.kksa ds le{k Hks|rkA 124. (d)
 xgM+oky oa'k ds laLFkkid paænso FksA vr% fodYi (c)
lgh gSA O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k Hkkjr dk igyk jkT; cu x;k gS tgk¡ 13
,Dlçslos gSaA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
 xgM+oky oa'k us orZeku Hkkjrh; jkT;ksa mÙkj çns'k vkSj fcgkj
ds dqN fgLlksa ij 'kklu fd;kA jkT; esa 13 ,Dlçslos fuEufyf•r gSa%
1. ;equk ,Dlçslos & 165 fdyksehVj
 mudh jktèkkuh okjk.klh esa fLFkr Fkh vkSj ,d laf{kIr
vofèk ds fy;s] mUgksaus dkU;dqCt (vkèkqfud dUukSt) dks 2. uks,Mk&xzsVj uks,Mk ,Dlçslos & 25 fdyksehVj

Hkh fu;af=kr fd;kA 3. vkxjk&y•uÅ ,Dlçslos & 302 fdyksehVj

 paænso igys Lora=k jktk Fks vkSj mUgsa ^ijes'oj* dh mikfèk nh 4. fnYyh&esjB ,Dlçslos & 96 fdyksehVj
xbZ FkhA mlds 'kklu dky esa xgM+okyksa us v;ksè;k] okjk.klh 5. iwok±py ,Dlçslos & 341 fdyksehVj
vkSj dUukSt dks vius lkezkT; esa 'kkfey dj fy;k FkkA paænso 6. cqansy•aM ,Dlçslos & 296 fdyksehVj
us lkear xksiky vkSj ikapky ds f•ykiQ ;q¼ thrk ftlls mudh dqy ifjpkyu ,Dlçslos & 1,225 fdyksehVj
yksdfç;rk esa o`f¼ gqbZA fuekZ.kkèkhu ,Dlçslos%
123. (a) 1. xksj•iqj fyad ,Dlçslos & 91 fdyksehVj
2. xaxk&,Dlçslos & 594 fdyksehVj
O;k[;k% dsaæh; f'k{kk ea=kky; ds Ldwy f'k{kk foHkkx }kjk
3. y•uÅ&dkuiqj ,Dlçslos & 63 fdyksehVj
^ijiQkWes±l xzsM baMsDl&fMfLVªDV (PGI-D) 2019&20* fjiksVZ
tkjh dh xbZ gSA PGI-D O;kid fo'ys"k.k ds fy;s ,d baMsDl 4. xkft;kckn&dkuiqj ,Dlçslos & 380 fdyksehVj

cukdj f”kyk Lrj ij Ldwyh f'k{kk ç.kkyh ds çn'kZu dk 5. xksj•iqj&flyhxqM+h ,Dlçslos & 519 fdyksehVj
vkdyu djrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA 6. fnYyh&lgkjuiqj&nsgjknwu ,Dlçslos & 210 fdyksehVj
 PGI-D Ldksj f”kyksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfCèk ds N% Mksesu dk 7. xkthiqj&cfy;k& eka>h?kkV ,Dlçslos & 117 fdyksehVj
dqy Ldksj gS] tSls lh•us ds ifj.kke] çHkkoh d{kk]  fuekZ.kkèkhu ,Dlçslos dh dqy yackbZ 1,974 fdyksehVj gSA
cqfu;knh <k¡pk lqfoèkk,¡ vkSj Nk=k ds vfèkdkj] Ldwy  gky gh esa çèkkuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh us 16 tqykbZ] 2022 dks 296
lqj{kk vkSj cky laj{k.k] fMftVy f'k{k.k vkSj 'kklu fdyksehVj yacs cqansy•aM ,Dlçslos dk mn~?kkVu fd;kA
çfØ;k 'kkfey gSA 125. (b)
 ubZ ijiQkWes±l xzsM baMsDl&fMfLVªDV (PGI-D) 2019&20 dh
O;k[;k% 1722 esa voèk ds uokc lvknr •ku us eqxy lkezkT;
fjiksVZ esa Ldwyh f'k{kk esa çn'kZu esa mÙkj çns'k ds eFkqjk vkSj
ls viuh Lora=krk dh ?kks"k.kk dh vkSj muds oa'ktksa us 1856
vkSjS;k f”kys lcls vkxs gSaA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA rd voèk ij 'kklu fd;kA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
 nksuksa f”kyksa dks ^vfr&mÙke* ds :i esa oxhZÑr fd;k x;k  yxHkx mlh le; jksfgYyk us viuk Lora=k jkT; LFkkfir
Fkk] tks fd 71% vkSj 80% ds chp Ldksj çkIr djus okys fd;k vkSj 1774 rd jksfgy•aM ij 'kklu fd;kA 1722 esa
f”kyksa dks fn;k tkus okyk rhljk loZJs"B xzsM gSA voèk ds uokc us fczfV'k bZLV bafM;k daiuh dh lgk;rk ls
 fofHkUu f”kyksa dks fn;s x, xzsM fuEufyf•r gSa% jksfgYyk dks gjk;kA
™ mÙke (61%-70%)% bykgkckn] xkft;kckn] vkxjk vkSj  voèk ds rhljs uokc 'kqtk&mn&nkSyk ds 'kkludky ds nkSjku
y•uÅ] xkSre cq¼ uxj vkSj ckjkcadhA fczfV'k bZLV bafM;k daiuh voèk ds 'kkldksa ds laidZ esa vkbZA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 33
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
  'kqtk&mn&nkSyk us 1764 esa fczfV'k bZLV bafM;k daiuh ds  yksxksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ls xzke Lrj ij 'kq: dh tkus okyh fodkl
f•ykiQ caxky ds iQjkj uokc ehj dkfle ds lkFk ,d ifj;kstuk dh ykxr dk 40% jkT; ogu djsxkA 60% jkf'k
le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd;s] ysfdu o"kZ 1764 esa cDlj dh fdlh Hkh bPNqd O;fDr ;k ;gk¡ rd fd ,d xSj&ljdkjh
yM+kbZ esa vaxzs”kh lsuk ls gkj x, vkSj mUgsa dM+k vkSj bykgkckn laxBu (NGO) ;k fuokfl;ksa ds lewg }kjk çnku dh
(vc ç;kxjkt) bZLV bafM;k daiuh dks lkSaiuk iM+kA A tk,xhA
 ljdkj us bl ;kstuk ds fy;s djhc ₹100 djksM+ dk dkWiZl
 1856 esa vaxzs”kksa us voèk ij dCtk dj fy;k vkSj foæksg dh
iQaM cuk;k gSA
fpaxkjh iwjs ns'k esa iQSyus yxh] ftldh ifj.kfr 1857 ds foæksg
 blds çHkkoh fØ;kUo;u ds fy;s ,d xofu±x dkmafly dk Hkh
ds :i esa lkeus vkbZA
xBu fd;k x;k gSA
126. (b)
128. (a)
O;k[;k% bykgkckn dh lafèk% jkWcVZ Dykbo us vxLr 1765 esa nks O;k[;k% tqykbZ 2022 esa ^ukjh dks ueu ;kstuk* fgekpy çns'k ds
egÙoiw.kZ lafèk;k¡ dh& ,d voèk ds uokc ds lkFk vkSj nwljh eq[;ea=kh t; jke Bkdqj }kjk ykWUp dh xbZ FkhA vr% fodYi
eqxy lezkV 'kkg vkye f}rh; ds lkFkA (a) lgh gSA
 eSaxyksj dh lafèk% f}rh; vkaXy&eSlwj ;q¼ ds ckn] Vhiw lqYrku  eq[;ea=kh us bl ;kstuk ds rgr jkT; dh lhek ds Hkhrj efgyk
us fcuk fdlh ldkjkRed ifj.kke ds ,d o"kZ rd ;q¼ tkjh ;kf=k;ksa dks fgekpy iFk ifjogu fuxe (HRTC) dh clksa
j•kA ,d vfu.kkZ;d yM+kbZ ls rax vkdj] nksuksa i{kksa us 'kkafr ds fdjk, esa 50 çfr'kr dh NwV nsus dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
dk fodYi pquk] eaxyksj dh lafèk (ekpZ 1784) ij ckrphr  bldh ?kks"k.kk 15 vçSy 2022 dks fgekpy çns'k fnol ds
dh] ftlds rgr çR;sd i{k us mu {ks=kksa dks okil ns fn;k] volj ij dh xbZ FkhA
ftu ij mlus nwljs ls dCtk dj fy;k FkkA  bl ;kstuk ds rgr] fgekpy çns'k ljdkj jkT; esa efgykvksa

 JhjaxiÙkue dh lafèk% 1792 dh bl lafèk ds rgr] fotsrkvksa dks fVdV dh dherksa ij 50% dh NwV çnku djus ds fy;s
us eSlwj ds {ks=k dk yxHkx vkèkk fgLlk ys fy;kA ;q¼ {kfriwfrZ lkykuk 60 djksM+ #i, •pZ djsxhA vuqeku ds eqrkfcd] gj
fnu 1.25 yk• efgyk,¡ (HRTC) dh clksa esa liQj djrh gSaA
dk vkèkk fgLlk rqjar fn;k tkuk Fkk] tcfd ckdh fdLrksa esa
fn;k tkuk Fkk] ftlds fy;s Vhiw ds csVksa dks vaxzs”kksa }kjk caèkd 129. (b)
cuk fy;k x;k FkkA O;k[;k% vtkr'k=kq (492 bZlk iwoZ&460 bZlk iwoZ)%
 ve`rlj dh lafèk% twu 1838 esa] j.kthr flag dks jktuhfrd  og fcafclkj dk iq=k FkkA
etcwfj;ksa ds dkj.k vaxzs”kksa ds lkFk f=ki{kh; lafèk ij gLrk{kj  ,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd mlus vius firk dh gR;k dj exèk ds
djus ds fy;s etcwj gksuk iM+kA mUgksaus vius tehuh {ks=k ls flagklu ij dCtk dj fy;kA
vius nksLr viQxku vehj eksgEen ij geyk djus dh vuqefr  og g;±d oa'k dk lcls 'kfDr'kkyh vkSj vkØked 'kkld FkkA
nsus ls fczfV'k lsuk dks budkj dj fn;kA vr% fodYi (b)  mlus çlsuftr }kjk 'kkflr dksly jkT; ij dCtk dj fy;kA
lgh gSA  mlus nks uohu lSU; gfFk;kjksa dk bLrseky fd;k%

127. (b) I. ;q¼ batu] tks mu iRFkjksa tSls xqysy (egkf'kykdaVd)

ds fy;s bLrseky fd;k x;k FkkA
O;k[;k% gky gh esa iapk;rh jkt foHkkx us mÙkj çns'k ekr`Hkwfe II. lkewfgd gR;k ds fy;s jFkewly dk bLrseky
;kstuk gsrq fn'kk&funZs'k tkjh fd;sA ;g ,d ,slh ;kstuk gS vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
tks xzkeh.k Lrj ij fodkl dh ,d Hkkxhnkjh eksM dks çksRlkfgr  mlus voarh ds 'kkld }kjk mRiUu vkØe.k ds •rjs ls fucVus
djus ls lacafèkr gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA ds fy;s jktx`g dh fdyscanh 'kq: dhA
 ekr`Hkwfe ;kstuk ukxfjdksa dks xzke iapk;r Lrj ij fodkl  mlds 'kkludky esa cq¼ dh e`R;q gqbZ FkhA
dk;ks± esa lhèks Hkkxhnkj cuk,xhA  mlds le; esa çFke ckS¼ laxhfr dk vk;kstu gqvkA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 34
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
130. (c)  rjkbZu vkSj panokj ds ;q¼ksa us mÙkjh Hkkjr esa rqdhZ 'kklu
dh uhao j•hA bl vkØe.k ds ckn dqrqcqíhu ,scd dks eqgEen
O;k[;k% dksfuZ'k vkSipkfjd vfHkoknu dk ,d ,slk rjhdk Fkk xkSjh dh Hkkjrh; laifÙk dk xouZj cuk;k x;k FkkA
ftlesa njckjh nk,¡ gkFk dh rygFkh dks yykV ij j•dj
 bl ;q¼ dh thr ls mÙkjh Hkkjr ds vfèkdka'k fgLls eqgEen
vkxs dh vksj flj >qdkrs FksA ;g bl ckr dk çrhd Fkk xksjh ds fu;a=k.k esa vk x,A blus x<+oky oa'k ds var dks
fd dksfuZ'k djus okyk O;fDr vius bafæ; vkSj eu ds LFky fpfÉr fd;kA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
dks gkFk yxkrs gq, >qddj fouezrk ds lkFk 'kkgh njckj esa
vius dks çLrqr dj jgk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA eqgEen xkSjh%
 eqbt vn&nhu eqgEen] ftls ?kksj ds eqgEen ds :i esa Hkh
 vfHkoknu dk pkgj rLyhe rjhdk nk,¡ gkFk dks tehu ij
tkuk tkrk gS] lu~ 1173 ls 1202 rd ?kqfjn lkezkT; dk
j•us ls 'kq: gksrk gSA blesa rygFkh Åij dh vksj gksrh gSA
lqYrku Fkk vkSj 1202 ls 1206 rd ,dek=k 'kkld jgkA
blds ckn gkFk dks èkhjs&èkhjs mBkrs gq, O;fDr •M+k gksrk gS
 mUgsa Hkkjrh; miegk}hi esa eqfLye 'kklu LFkkfir djus dk
rFkk rygFkh dks flj ds Åij j•rk gSA ,slh rLyhe pkj
ckj dh tkrh gSA rLyhe dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ vkRefuosnu Js; fn;k tkrk gS] tks lfn;ksa rd tkjh jgkA
gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA 133. (c)

131. (a) O;k[;k% y•uÅ fo'ofo|ky; ds Hkw&oSKkfud çks- èkzqo lsu flag
dks jk"Vªh; HkwfoKku iqjLdkj (NGA)] 2019 ds fy;s
O;k[;k% ekS;Z lkezkT; dh LFkkiuk paæxqIr ekS;Z (325&300 bZlk iwoZ)
Hkw&i;kZoj.k vè;;u esa muds mRÑ"V ;ksxnku ds fy;s pquk
}kjk dh xbZ FkhA
x;k Fkk] ftlesa ufn;ksa] Xysf'k;jksa vkSj >hyksa dk mi;ksx djds
 ekS;Z ç'kklu dk lcls mYys•uh; igyw bldk çkarh;
iqjktyok;q (Paleoclimate)] iqjki;kZoj.k (Paleoenvironment)]
ç'kklu gSA vr% vfHkdFku (A) lgh gSA
tyok;q ifjorZu vkSj ekulwu ifjorZu'khyrk 'kkfey gSA vr%
 v'kksd ds f'kykys•ksa ls irk pyrk gS fd ekS;Z lkezkT; xouZjksa fodYi (c) lgh gSA
ds vèkhu çkarksa esa foHkkftr FkkA ,slk yxrk gS fd de&ls&de  çks- èkzqo lsu flag us Hkkjr esa fgeky; vkSj xaxk ds eSnku vkSj
pkj çkar Fks& lqo.kZfxfj esa vius dsaæ ds lkFk ,d nf{k.kh] vkdZfVd {ks=k esa fgeunksa] unh; vkSj ljksojksa dk vè;;u vkSj
r{kf'kyk esa vius eq[;ky; ds lkFk ,d mÙkjh] mTtSu esa fo'ys"k.k fd;kA
vius eq[;ky; ds lkFk if'peh vkSj rkslyh esa vius dsaæ ds  mUgksaus ik;k gS fd xaxks=kh Xysf'k;j ds ihNs gVus dh nj
lkFk ,d iwohZA vr% dkj.k (R) lgh gSA yxkrkj ?kV jgh gSA o"kZ 1970 esa 38 ehVj@o"kZ ls ?kVdj
 ekS;ks± }kjk bu çkarksa ds xouZjksa ds :i esa 'kkgh jktdqekjksa o"kZ 2022 esa 10 ehVj@o"kZ gks xbZ gS vkSj ;g Xykscy
;k 'kkgh ifjokj ds lnL; dh fu;qfDr dh tkrh FkhA okfe±x ds vuq:i ugha gSA
dkfB;kokM+ esa {ks=kh; Lrj ds ç'kklu dh ik¡poha bdkbZ  mUgksaus dsnkjukFk =kklnh ds dkj.kksa vkSj ifj.kkeksa ij Hkh dke
Fkh] tgk¡ Øe'k% paæxqIr ekS;Z vkSj v'kksd ds 'kkludky ds fd;k gS vkSj iqjktyok;q ds fy;s xaxk ds eSnku dh ufn;ksa vkSj
nkSjku iq";xqIr vkSj bZjkuh rq"kkliQk dks jkT;iky ds :i esa >hyksa dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k gS tks rhoz iqjk&ekulwu dh O;k[;k
fu;qDr fd;k x;k Fkk (#ænkeu çFke] 150 bZLoh dk twukx<+ djrk gSA
f'kykys•)A nksuksa jkT;iky 'kkgh ifjokj ds cgkj ds yksx FksA  o"kZ 1966 esa LFkkfir jk"Vªh; HkwfoKku iqjLdkj] i`Foh foKku
132. (b) ds {ks=k esa lokZsPp iqjLdkj gS vkSj ;g dsaæh; •ku ea=kky;
}kjk fn;k tkrk gSA
O;k[;k% pankoj dk ;q¼%
134. (b)
 eksgEen xkSjh vkSj t; pan ds eè; o"kZ 1194 esa pankoj
dk ;q¼ yM+k x;kA ;g ;q¼ pankoj (fiQjkstkckn ds ikl O;k[;k% ps u dq f ja t h (Gluta Travancorica)] vxLR;ekyk
vkèkqfud pankoy) esa vkxjk ds djhc ;equk unh ds rV ij ck;ksLiQh;j fj”koZ ds fy;s ,d LFkkfud çtkfr gS vkSj
gqvk FkkA eksgEen xksjh us bl la?k"kZ esa t;pan dks ijkftr djus 'ksMa uq hZ oU;tho vHk;kj.; dks uke iznku djrh gSA vr% fodYi
ds ckn mls ekj MkykA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA (b) lgh gSA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 35
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
Phone: 8448485518, 011-47532596, 8750187501 :: www.drishtiIAS.com
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation
  o"kZ 1910 rd] dkWUxzsl laxBu la;qDr çkar (vc mÙkj çns'k)
ds fofHkUu f”kyksa esa iQSy x;k FkkA
 o"kZ 1907 esa dV~VjiafFk;ksa ds dkWUxzsl ls ckgj pys tkus ds
ckn o"kZ 1914 esa çFke fo'o ;q¼ 'kq: gksus rd laxBu
ujeiafFk;ksa ds fu;a=k.k esa pyk x;kA
136. (b)

O;k[;k% ^bafM;u us'kuy vkehZ* dk mn~Hko%

 Hkkjrh; ;q¼cafn;ksa (POWs) ls ,d lsuk cukus dk fopkj
ewy :i ls Hkkjrh; lSU;kfèkdkjh eksgu flag dk Fkk] ftUgksaus
Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu] ikfdLrku dh ekax] eyk;k esa fczfV'k lsuk
esa 'kkfey ugha gksus dk iQSlyk fd;k FkkA vr% dFku 1 vkSj
2 nksuksa lgh gSaA
 mUgksaus enn ds fy;s tkikfu;ksa dh vksj #• djus dk iQSlyk
fd;kA tkikfu;ksa us rc rd Hkkjrh; ukxfjdksa dks fczfV'k fojksèkh
laxBu cukus ds fy;s çksRlkfgr fd;k FkkA eksgu flag us tkikfu;ksa
ls Hkkjrh; ;q¼cafn;ksa dh ekax dhA
 tkikfu;ksa us Hkkjrh; ;q¼cafn;ksa dks eksgu flag dks lkSai fn;k]
ftUgksaus mu ;q¼cafn;ksa dks vktkn fgan iQkSt ;k bafM;u us'kuy
vkehZ esa HkrhZ djus dk ç;kl fd;kA
 vk;Zudkoq njZs ds nf{k.kh Hkkxksa dh igkfM+;ksa esa ,ukdkfMZ,lh
 flaxkiqj ds iru ds ckn] eksgu flag ds lkFk 'kkfey gksus ds
ifjokj dk isM+ fdlh le; esa çpqj ek=kk esa ik;k tkrk Fkk]
fy;s dbZ POWs rS;kj FksA
ysfdu bldh mifLFkfr o"kks± ls rsth ls ?kV jgh gSA
 o"kZ 1942 ds var rd 40,000 iq#"k INA esa 'kkfey gksus ds
 bldk mi;ksx fuEu jDrpki vkSj xfB;k ds bykt ds fy;s fy;s rS;kj FksA
fd;k tkrk gSA
 ,slk bjknk Fkk fd INA Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; dkWUxzsl vkSj Hkkjr ds
 dsjy ds ou çHkkx }kjk vpsadksby ou çHkkx ds varxZr yksxksa ds fuea=k.k ij gh dkjZokbZ djsxhA
vkus okys fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa ykxw fd;s tkus okys ^psadqfjuth
 bl lsuk ds xBu ds dne dks dbZ yksxksa us nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k
cpkvks* vfHk;ku dh 'kq#vkr dh xbZ gSA esa Hkkjrh;ksa ds fo#¼ tkikfu;ksa ds dnkpkj ds f•ykiQ vkSj
 bldk mís'; dsjy ds dksYye vkSj iBkuefFkV~Vk f”kyksa ds Hkkjr ds laHkkfor Hkfo"; ds tkikuh dCts ds f•ykiQ ,d
?kkV {ks=kksa esa vfHk;ku ds fgLls ds :i esa g”kkjksa ikSèks yxkuk gSA lqj{kk ds :i esa ns•k gSA
135. (d)  ckn esa tqykbZ 1943 esa] cksl us jklfcgkjh cksl (bafM;u
bafMisaMsal yhx ds vè;{k) ls INA dk usr`Ro laHkkyk]
O;k[;k% la;qDr çkar dkWUxzsl desVh%
D;ksafd eksgu flag ftUgksaus Hkkjrh; vkØe.k ij fopkj djuk
 la;qDr çkar dh dkWUxzsl desVh dk çFke lEesyu eksrhyky
'kq: dj fn;k Fkk] dks tkikfu;ksa us fgjklr esa ys fy;k FkkA
usg: dh vè;{krk esa çkjaHk gqvkA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
137. (b)
 lwjr foHkktu (1907) esa eksrhyky usg: vkSj enu eksgu
ekyoh;] tks mÙkj çns'k ls Fks] us ujeiafFk;ksa dk leFkZu fd;kA O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k ds ekè;fed f'k{kk foHkkx us ,d cM+s fMftVy
 o"kZ 1909 esa eksrhyky usg: ds usr`Ùo esa iqu% çkarh; dkWUxzsl ç;kl ds rgr ukSdjh pkgus okys cPpksa dh vko';drkvksa vkSj
dk jktuhfrd lEesyu çkjaHk gqvkA vkdka{kkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy;s N% osc iksVZy 'kq: fd;s gSaA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21] iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 36
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  6Ps dk vFkZ% rSewj%
™ foHkkx us Nk=kksa vkSj vke turk rd igq¡pus ds fy;s ,d  fnYyh lYrur dh nqcZyrk fnYyh ij rSewj ds vkØe.k
bZ&iqLrdky; iksVZy vkSj ^çKku* uked ,d eksckby (1398) ls vkSj Hkh vfèkd gks xbZ FkhA
,fIyds'ku fodflr fd;k gSA  rSewj ,d rqdZ Fkk ysfdu paxst ds lkFk •wu ds fj'rs dk nkok
™ ^çoh.k* dk mís'; Nk=kksa dks O;kolkf;d çf'k{k.k nsuk vkSj dj ldrk FkkA
mUgsa ukSdfj;ksa ds fy;s rS;kj djuk gSA  mlus èkhjs&èkhjs lhfj;k ls Vªkal&vkWfDl;kuk rd vkSj nf{k.kh
™ ^igpku* uke dk ,d vkSj iksVy Z gS ftlesa lHkh ekè;fed :l ls flaèkq dks vius 'kklu ds varxZr ,d lkFk yk;kA
fo|ky;ksa dk ,d oscist gSA  Hkkjr esa Nkisekjh ,d izdkj dh ywVekj Fkh vkSj bldk edln
™ vU; iksVy Z gS&a ^ia•* (dSfj;j dkmalfyax ds fy;s)] ^igqp¡ * fiNys 200 o"kks± esa fnYyh ds lqYrkuksa }kjk tek dh xbZ laifÙk
(Ldwyksa dh eSfiax ds fy;s) vkSj ^ij•* (Ldwyksa dh dks tCr djuk FkkA fnYyh lYrur ds iru ds lkFk] bl
fuxjkuh vkSj xzsfMax ds fy;s)A vkØe.k dk lkeuk djus okyk dksbZ ugha FkkA
 çkstsDV vyadkj ds ekè;e ls ljdkjh vkSj lgk;rk çkIr
 rSewj dh lsuk us fnYyh ds jkLrs esa fofHkUu 'kgjksa dks csjgeh
ls ywV fy;kA fiQj rSewj us fnYyh esa ços'k fd;k vkSj fcuk
dkWystksa dh fjlkslZ eSfiax Hkh 'kq: dh xbZ gSA
fdlh n;k ds mls Hkh ywV fy;kA
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
 cM+h la[;k esa yksx] nksuksa fganw vkSj eqfLye] lkFk gh efgykvksa
138. (d)
vkSj cPpksa us viuh tku xaokbZA
O;k[;k% gfj;k.kk ds djuky esa  rSewj ds vkØe.k us ,d ckj fiQj ns'k esa de”kksj ljdkj ds
vkbZ-lh-,-vkj-&jk"Vªh; Ms;jh lkeus vkus okys •rjksa dks mtkxj dj fn;kA blds ifj.kkeLo:i
vuqlaèkku laLFkku (NDRI) Hkkjr ls cM+h ek=kk esa èku] lksuk] pkanh] vkHkw"k.k vkfn dh
Ms;jh {ks=k ds çeq• laLFkkuksa esa fudklh gqbZA
ls ,d gS] ftlus Ms;jh m|ksx  rSewj vius lkFk cM+h la[;k esa Hkkjrh; dkjhxjksa] tSls jktfeL=kh]
ds fodkl esa cgqr ;ksxnku fn;k iRFkj dkVus okys] c<+bZ vkfn dks Hkh lkFk ys x;kA muesa ls
gS vkSj vius fujarj vuqlaèkku dqN us mldh jktèkkuh lejdan esa dbZ csgrjhu bekjrsa cukus
ds lkFk nwèk mRiknu esa Hkkjr esa mldh enn dhA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
ds fodkl esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk 140. (b)
fuHkkbZ gSA vr% fodYi (d)
lgh gSA O;k[;k% fp'rh%
 fN;kuos o"kks± ls vfèkd iqjkuh NDRI dh ijaijk bEihfj;y  lwiQh larksa dh njxkg ij dh xbZ ft;kjr laiw.kZ bLykeh

baLVhVÔwV iQkWj ,fuey glcsaMjh ,aM Ms;jh ls 'kq: gksrh gS] txr esa çpfyr gSA bl volj ij lar ds vkè;kfRed
ftls o"kZ 1923 esa Ms;jh f'k{kk ds dsaæ ds :i esa cSaxyksj vk'khokZn ;kuh cjdr dh dkeuk dh tkrh gSA fiNys lkr lkS
esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA o"kks± ls vyx&vyx laçnk;ksa] oxks± vkSj leqnk;ksa ds yksx ik¡p
 Ñf"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=kky; us jk"Vªh; Ms;jh vuqlaèkku
egku fp'rh larksa dh njxkg ij viuh vkLFkk çdV djrs jgs
laLFkku (NDRI)] djuky (gfj;k.kk) dh 100oha o"kZxk¡B gSaA buesa lcls vfèkd iwtuh; njxkg [ok”kk eqbuqíhu dh
gS] ftUgsa ^xjhc uokt* dgk tkrk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
lekjksg dk 'kqHkkjaHk fd;kA
 fp'rh laçnk; dh ,d vkSj fo'ks"krk la;e vkSj lknxh dk
139. (d)
thou FkkA ftlesa lÙkk ls nwj jgus ij cy fn;k tkrk Fkk fdarq
O;k[;k% ulh#íhu egewn us 1394 ls 1412 rd fnYyh lYrur bldk eryc ;g ugha Fkk fd jktuhfrd lÙkk ls vyxko dk
ij 'kklu fd;kA Hkko j•k tk,A

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 37
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  lÙkkèkkjh fof'k"V oxZ vxj fcuk ekaxs vuqnku ;k HksaV nsrk Fkk 143. (c)
rks lwiQh lar mls Lohdkj djrs FksA lqYrkuksa us •kudkgksa dks
dj eqDr (buke) Hkwfe vuqnku esa nh vkSj nku lacaèkh U;kl O;k[;k% Hkkjr dh igyh Lok;Ùk usfoxs'ku lqfoèkk] frgku dk
LFkkfir fd;sA vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh- gSnjkckn ifjlj esa dsaæh; foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh
 fp'rh udn vkSj oLrq ds :i esa nku Lohdkj djrs Fks
jkT; ea=kh ftrsaæ flag }kjk mn~?kkVu fd;k x;kA vr% fodYi
fdarq budks l¡tksus ds ctk; •kus] diM+s] jgus dh O;oLFkk (c) lgh gSA

vkSj vuq"Bkuksa tSls lek dh egfiQyksa ij iwjh rjg •pZ dj  dsaæh; foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky; }kjk ₹130 djksM+ ds

nsrs FksA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA ctV esa fodflr] Lok;Ùk usfoxs'ku ij çkS|ksfxdh uokpkj
141. (b)
gc (TiHAN) ,d cgq&fo"k;d igy gS tks Hkkjr dks Hkfo";
vkSj vxyh ih<+h dh ^LekVZ eksfcfyVh* rduhd esa ,d
O;k[;k% v'kksd ds f'kykys•ksa esa ¶çfrosnd¸ (Prativedakas) oSf'od fnXxt ns'k cuk,xhA
vkSj ¶iqfyluh¸ (Pulisani) dk mYys• gS] tks jktk dks
 frgku VsLVcsM jk"Vªh; vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; nksuksa Lrjksa ij f'k{kk]
turk dh jk; ls voxr djkus ds fy;s f”kEesnkj FksA vr%
m|ksx vkSj vuqlaèkku ,oa fodkl ç;ksx'kkykvksa ds chp mPp
dFku 1 lgh gSA
xq.koÙkk okys vuqlaèkku ds fy;s ,d vuwBk eap çnku
 vFkZ'kkL=k ds vuqlkj ¶laLFkk¸ tklwlksa dks lanfHkZr djrk gS]
tks ,d LFkku ij rSukr jgrs Fks vkSj ¶lapkj¸] tks ?kwers FksA djsxk] bl çdkj Hkkjr dks Lok;Ùk usfoxs'ku çkS|ksfxfd;ksa
esa ,d oSf'od vxz.kh cuk nsxkA
 vFkZ'kkL=k ,d foLr`r ç'kklfud lajpuk dk lq>ko nsrk
gSA xzkeh.k bykdksa dh viuh ppkZ esa dkSfVY; us fliQkfj'k 144. (c)
dh fd jktk dks 800 xk¡oksa dh ,d bdkbZ esa ,d O;k[;k% us'kuy baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ vcZu viQs;lZ (NIUA) DykbesV
¶æks.keq•¸] 200 xk¡oksa dh ,d bdkbZ esa ,d ¶dkoZfVdk¸]
lsaVj iQkWj flVh”k (NIUA C&D;wc)] oYMZ fjlkslZst baLVhVÔwV
800 xk¡oksa dh ,d bdkbZ dks ç'kkflr djus ds fy;s
bafM;k (WRI bafM;k) vkSj muds lg;ksfx;ksa us ¶'kgjh
¶LFkkuh;¸ ds :i esa tkuk tkus okyk eq[;ky; vkSj 10
çÑfr&vkèkkfjr lekèkkuksa ds fy;s Hkkjr dk igyk jk"Vªh;
xk¡oksa dh bdkbZ esa ,d ¶laxzg.k¸ LFkkfir djuk pkfg;sA
xBcaèku eap (NbS)¸ ykWUp fd;kA bls iksySaM esa 11osa fo'o
bu ç'kklfud bdkb;ksa ds çHkkjh LFkkfud vkSj xksi FksA xk¡o
LFkkuh; ç'kklu dh lcls NksVh bdkbZ FkhA vr% dFku 2 'kgjh eap ij ykWUp fd;k x;k gSA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
 çÑfr&vkèkkfjr lekèkkuksa ds fy;s bafM;k iQksje dk mís';
lgh gSA
,uch,l m|fe;ksa] ljdkjh laLFkkvksa vkSj leku fopkjèkkjk
142. (b)
okys laxBuksa dk ,d lewg rS;kj djuk gS] rkfd
O;k[;k% vdcj ds fot; vfHk;ku% fuEufyf•r ds tfj;s 'kgjh çÑfr&vkèkkfjr lekèkkuksa dk
foLrkj djus esa enn fey ldsA
o"kZ çkar bu ij fot; çkIr dh
™ ,d lk>k Hkk"kk dks ifjHkkf"kr djuk vkSj ekStwnk ,u-ch-,l-
1560&62 ekyok ckt cgknqj gLr{ksiksa (NbS Interventions) dks c<+kus lfgr LFkkuh;
Lrj ij dk;ks± dks lwfpr djus okys ykHkksa dks laçsf"kr djukA
1568 fpÙkkSM+ jk.kk mn; flag
™ cgq&fgrèkkjd leUo; ds ekè;e ls fuos'k dks c<+kok nsuk
1576 gYnh?kkVh jk.kk çrki vkSj forj.k ra=k dks e”kcwr djukA
1595 dkaèkkj eqtÝiQj gqlSu fetkZ ™ lwpuk uhfr] ;kstukvksa vkSj ifj;kstuk gLr{ksiksa ds ekè;e
ls Hkkjr esa 'kgjh ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k&vkèkkfjr lsokvksa vkSj
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA çÑfr&vkèkkfjr lekèkkuksa dks eq[;èkkjk esa ykukA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21] iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 38
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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145. (c)  gkyk¡fd MkWDVfju vkWiQ ySIl@O;ixr uhfr (Doctrine of
Lapse) dk Js; ykWMZ MygkSth dks fn;k tkrk gS] ysfdu og
O;k[;k% Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu%
blds çorZd ugha FksA
 8 vxLr] 1942 dks egkRek xkaèkh us fczfV'k 'kklu dks lekIr
 MkWDVfju vkWiQ ySIl esa dgk x;k gS fd nÙkd iq=k vius ikyd
djus dk vkàku fd;k vkSj eqacbZ esa vf•y Hkkjrh; dkWUxzsl
firk dh futh laifÙk dk mÙkjkfèkdkjh rks gks ldrk gS] ysfdu
desVh ds l=k esa Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu 'kq: fd;kA
jkT; dk ughaA ;g vaxzs”kksa dks r; djuk Fkk fd jkT; ij ,d
 xkaèkhth us Xokfy;j VSad eSnku esa vius Hkk"k.k esa ¶djks ;k
nÙkd iq=k ds nkos dks Lohdkj fd;k tk;s ;k mldks gM+i dj
ejks¸ dk ukjk fn;k Fkk] ftls vc vxLr Økafr eSnku ds uke
dCtk dj fy;k tk,A
ls tkuk tkrk gSA
 fyVu us ^çkmM fj”koZ* (Proud Reserve) dh ,d ubZ
 v#.kk vkliQ vyh ftUgsa Lora=krk vkanksyu dh ^xzSaM vksYM
fons'k uhfr 'kq: dh] ftldk mís'; oSKkfud lhekvksa vkSj
ysMh* dgk tkrk gS] Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu ds nkSjku eqacbZ ds
^çHkko ds {ks=kksa* dh j{kk djuk FkkA fyVu ds vuqlkj]
Xokfy;j VSad eSnku esa Hkkjrh; èot iQgjkus ds fy;s tkuh
viQxkfuLrku ds lkFk lacaèkksa dks vc vLi"V ugha NksM+k tk
tkrh gSA
ldrk FkkA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
 ^Hkkjr NksM+ks* dk ukjk ;qlqiQ esgj vyh }kjk fn;k x;k Fkk]
147. (b)
tks ,d lektoknh vkSj Je la?koknh Fks] ftUgksaus eqacbZ ds es;j
ds :i esa Hkh dk;Z fd;k FkkA bUgksaus ¶lkbeu xks cSd¸ dk O;k[;k% jk"Vªh; •k| lqj{kk vfèkfu;e (NFSA) ds fy;s jkT;
ukjk Hkh fn;kA jSafdax lwpdkad] 2013%
 Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu ds nkSjku ns'k ds dqN fgLlksa esa lekukarj  tqykbZ 2022 esa] Hkkjr ljdkj ds miHkksDrk ekeys] •k|
ljdkjksa dk mn; gqvkA vkSj lkoZtfud forj.k ea=kky; }kjk NFSA ds fy;s jkT;
 fpÙkw ikaMs; us iwohZ mÙkj çns'k ds cfy;k esa igyh lekukarj jSafdax lwpdkad dk igyk laLdj.k tkjh fd;k x;k FkkA
ljdkj dh LFkkiuk dhA mudk tUe mÙkj çns'k ds cfy;k  ;g lwpdkad ns'k Hkj esa NFSA ds dk;kZUo;u dh fLFkfr

f”kys ds jÙkwpd xk¡o esa gqvk FkkA mUgsa yksdfç; :i ls vkSj çxfr rFkk jkT;ksa ds ijke'kZ ds ckn fofHkUu lqèkkj
'ksj&,&cfy;k (cfy;k dk 'ksj) ds uke ls tkuk tkrk FkkA igyksa dk nLrkosthdj.k djrk gSA
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA  blesa jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa }kjk fd;s x, lqèkkjksa

146. (b) ij çdk'k Mkyk x;k gS rFkk ;g lHkh jkT;ksa vkSj dsæa 'kkflr
çns'kksa }kjk ,d ØkWl&yfu±x okrkoj.k ,oa Ldsy&vi lqèkkj
O;k[;k% okjsu gsfLVaXl us ?ksjs dh uhfr (Ring-Fence Policy) mik;ksa dk fuekZ.k djrk gSA
dk ikyu fd;k] ftldk mís'; daiuh dh lhekvksa dh j{kk  orZeku lwpdkad dkiQh gn rd NFSA forj.k ij dsafær
ds fy;s ,d ciQj ”kksu cukuk FkkA ;g muds {ks=kksa dh lqj{kk gS vkSj blesa Hkfo"; esa •jhnkjh] çèkkuea=kh xjhc dY;k.k
ds fy;s muds iM+ksfl;ksa dh lhekvksa dh j{kk uhfr FkhA okjsu vUu ;kstuk (PMKGAY) forj.k 'kkfey gksaxsA
gsfLVaXl dh ;g uhfr ejkBksa vkSj eSlwj ds f•ykiQ muds ;q¼
lkekU; Js.kh dsjkT;%
esa ifjyf{kr gqbZA
 vksfM'kk igys] mÙkj çns'k nwljs vkSj vkaèkz çns'k rhljs LFkku
 ykWMZ osys”kyh us lgk;d lafèk (Subsiduary Alliance)
ij gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
ç.kkyh dk ç;ksx fd;kA ;kstuk ds rgr] lac¼ Hkkjrh; jkT;
ds 'kkld dks vius {ks=k ds Hkhrj ,d fczfV'k lsuk dh LFkk;h fo'ks"k Js.kh ds jkT;%
rSukrh dks Lohdkj djus vkSj blds j•&j•ko ds fy;s muds  f=kiqjk fo'ks"k Js.kh ds jkT;ksa (iwokZsÙkj jkT;ksa] fgeky;h jkT;ksa
•pZ dk Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s etcwj fd;k x;k FkkA cnys esa] vkSj }hi jkT;ksa) esa 'kh"kZ LFkku ij gSA
vaxzs”k 'kkld mlds 'k=kqvksa ls mUgsa lqj{kk çnku djsxs rFkk  fgekpy çns'k vkSj flfDde Øe'k% nwljs vkSj rhljs LFkku
lac¼ jkT; ds vkarfjd ekeyksa esa vgLr{ksi dh uhfr viuk,axsA ij gSaA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 39
fnYyh&110009 ckx] ubZ fnYyh pkSjkgk] flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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lcls •jkc çn'kZu djus okys jkT;% r{kf'kyk ds 'kkld vkfEHk us mudk xeZtks'kh ls Lokxr fd;kA

 iatkc] gfj;k.kk vkSj fnYyh fuEure çn'kZu djus okys rhu  ogk¡ ls fldanj us iksjl dks vkReleiZ.k djus dk lans'k HkstkA
jkT;ksa esa ls gSaA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA ysfdu iksjl us budkj dj fn;k vkSj fldanj ds f•ykiQ yM+us
148. (b) dk iQSlyk fd;kA
 rc fldanj us r{kf'kyk ls gkbMLisl (>sye) unh ds rV
O;k[;k% 6 tqykbZ 2022 dks] xwxy us LVkVZ&vIl igy ds fy;s
xwxy ds fgLls ds :i esa LVkVZ&vi Ldwy bafM;k (Startup rd p<+kbZ dhA
School India–SSI) ds ykWUp dh ?kks"k.kk dhA vr% fodYi  unh ds nwljh vksj mlus iksjl dh fo'kky lsuk dks ns•kA unh
(b) lgh gSA esa vkbZ Hkkjh ck<+ vkus ds dkj.k fldanj mls ikj ugha dj
ik;kA
 dqN fnuksa ds ckn] mlus unh ikj dh vkSj 326 bZlk iwoZ esa
djhZ ds eSnku esa gkbMsLisl dh çfl¼ ;q¼ yM+h xbZA ;g
,d vPNh rjg ls yM+k x;k ;q¼ FkkA
 gkyk¡fd iksjl ds ikl ,d e”kcwr lsuk Fkh] ysfdu og ;q¼
gkj x;kA fldanj bl Hkkjrh; jktdqekj ds lkgl vkSj ohjrk
ls çHkkfor gqvkA mlds lkFk mnkjrkiw.kZ O;ogkj fd;k vkSj
mls vius flagklu ij cSBk;kA
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
150. (d)

 bldk y{; Vh;j 2 vkSj Vh;j 3 'kgjksa esa 10,000 O;k[;k% ckn'kkg vdcj us viuh xgjh nwjnf'kZrk ds lkFk Hkwfe
LVkVZ&vIl dh enn djus ds fy;s ,d O;ofLFkr ikBÔØe dk oxhZdj.k fd;k vkSj izR;sd (oxZ dh tehu) ds fy;s
esa LVkVZ&vi fcfYMax ij çklafxd tkudkjh ,d=k djuk gSA vyx&vyx jktLo fuèkkZfjr fd;kA
;g ,d ,slk IysViQkWeZ gS ftlds rgr xwxy fuos'kdksa] liQy  iksyt og Hkwfe Fkh ftlesa ,d ds ckn ,d gj iQly dh
m|fe;ksa vkSj çksxzkelZ dks ,d lkFk yk,xkA blls NksVs 'kgjksa okf"kZd •srh gksrh gS vkSj ftls dHkh •kyh ugha NksM+k tkrk
ls LVkVZ&vi dks 'kkfey fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj feydj gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
loZJs"B rjhds ls lh•k&vkSj fl•k;k tk ldrk gSA  ijkSrh og Hkwfe Fkh ftl ij dqN fnuksa ds fy;s •srh jksd nh
 SSI ukS lIrkg dk dk;ZØe gS] tks opZqvy ekè;e ls forfjr tkrh gS rkfd og viuh •ksbZ rkdr okil ik ldsA vr%
fd;k tkrk gS vkSj blesa fiQuVsd] D2C, B2B vkSj B2C dFku 2 lgh gSA
bZ&dkWelZ] Hkk"kk] lks'ky ehfM;k] usVofd±x rFkk tkWc lpZ vkfn  ppj og Hkwfe Fkh tks rhu ;k pkj o"kks± rd •kyh jgrh gSA
ds {ks=k esa dk;Z djus okys LVkVZ&vi lg;ksfx;ksa ,oa xwxy ds vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA
yhMlZ ds chp 'kkunkj pkSV dh lqfoèkk gksxhA
 catj Hkwfe og tehu Fkh ftl ij ik¡p ;k mlls ”;knk o"kks±
149. (c) ls •srh ugha dh xbZ gksA vr% dFku 4 lgh gSA
O;k[;k% gkbMhLiht dk ;q¼%  igys nks çdkj dh Hkwfe dh 3 fdLesa gSa& vPNh] eè;e vkSj
 327 bZ-iw- esa fldanj us fganqdq'k ioZr dks ikj dj yxHkx nl fuEuA os gj fdLe dh Hkwfe ds mRikn dks tksM+ nsrs Fks vkSj
ekg tutkfr;ksa ls ;q¼ djrs gq, fcrk;k FkkA mlus iQjojh bldk rhljk fgLlk eè;e mRikn ekuk tkrk Fkk] ftldk ,d
326 bZ-iw- esa ukoksa ds iqy dh enn ls flaèkq unh dks ikj fd;kA frgkbZ fgLlk 'kkgh 'kqYd ekuk tkrk FkkA

641] çFke ry] eq[kthZ uxj] 21]iwlk jksM] djksy 13/15] rk'kdan ekxZ] fudV if=kdk IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 40
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 UP-PCS PRELIMS TEST SERIES-2023
TEST BOOKLET SERIES

Test Code: ANSWER & EXPLANATION

UP(P)–2303 GENERAL STUDIES-I
(English Version)
TEST – 03

ANSWERS
Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers
1 (d) 26 (b) 51 (d) 76 (b) 101 (d) 126 (b)

2 (b) 27 (b) 52 (b) 77 (d) 102 (d) 127 (b)

3 (a) 28 (c) 53 (b) 78 (b) 103 (d) 128 (a)

4 (c) 29 (b) 54 (b) 79 (b) 104 (d) 129 (b)

5 (a) 30 (b) 55 (b) 80 (b) 105 (d) 130 (c)

6 (a) 31 (c) 56 (a) 81 (b) 106 (c) 131 (a)

7 (b) 32 (b) 57 (c) 82 (a) 107 (a) 132 (b)

8 (b) 33 (b) 58 (b) 83 (c) 108 (c) 133 (c)

9 (c) 34 (b) 59 (d) 84 (d) 109 (a) 134 (b)

10 (b) 35 (d) 60 (b) 85 (a) 110 (d) 135 (d)

11 (b) 36 (b) 61 (d) 86 (a) 111 (a) 136 (b)

12 (c) 37 (c) 62 (a) 87 (b) 112 (d) 137 (b)

13 (c) 38 (b) 63 (b) 88 (b) 113 (c) 138 (d)

14 (d) 39 (b) 64 (a) 89 (d) 114 (a) 139 (d)

15 (b) 40 (c) 65 (d) 90 (b) 115 (a) 140 (b)

16 (b) 41 (d) 66 (a) 91 (c) 116 (d) 141 (b)

17 (d) 42 (a) 67 (b) 92 (c) 117 (a) 142 (b)

18 (b) 43 (d) 68 (a) 93 (b) 118 (b) 143 (c)

19 (b) 44 (c) 69 (d) 94 (c) 119 (b) 144 (c)

20 (d) 45 (c) 70 (d) 95 (b) 120 (b) 145 (c)

21 (b) 46 (a) 71 (c) 96 (b) 121 (a) 146 (b)

22 (d) 47 (a) 72 (a) 97 (c) 122 (c) 147 (b)

23 (a) 48 (a) 73 (d) 98 (d) 123 (a) 148 (b)

24 (b) 49 (d) 74 (c) 99 (c) 124 (d) 149 (c)

25 (b) 50 (c) 75 (a) 100 (a) 125 (b) 150 (d)

 1. (d)  With the establishment of the common facility centers,
handicraftsmen, artisans, and entrepreneurs of the
Explanation: ‘One District One Product Scheme’ will get an opportunity
Burzahom: to connect with modern technology. This will improve
 The Neolithic site of Burzahom in the Srinagar district the quality of the products and increase income.
(Kashmir Valley) is situated over a Pleistocene lakebed  During the Mega loan fair, an MoU (Memorandum
1800 m above sea level. Hence, option (d) is correct. of Understanding) was exchanged between the
 This site clearly shows the transient stages in human Additional Chief Secretary of MSME Uttar Pradesh
inhabitancy from the Neolithic period to the Megalithic and Amazon Vice President of Public Policy Chetan
period to the Early Historic period. Krishna Swamy. Under this, Amazon will help small
 Burzahom is testimony to the development of agriculture, units in exporting their products.
architecture, ritualistic practices, and technology from  The Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh said that the program
3000 BCE to 1000 BCE. of the Brihad loan fair is part of the 100-day action plan
 The remains of the site document the gradual change in of the MSME department.
the nature of dwelling spaces among early societies. From
subterranean dwelling pits, the evidences in the site show 4. (c)
the emergence of mud-structures, thereon mud-bricks
Explanation:
constructions on level ground.
Henley Passport Index 2022:
 The range of tools recovered from the site shows the
 Henley Passport Index 2022 has ranked India 87th globally
evolution in tool making Neolithic men skilled in hunters
out of 199 passports. Hence, option (c) is correct.
and their knowledge in applying the implements for
 Japan, Singapore and South Korea have topped the
cultivation.
2022 Index.
2. (b)  It is prepared by London-based Henley and Partners,
a global citizenship and residence advisory firm.
Explanation:  The index gathers data from the International Air
Dynasty Founder Transport Association (IATA) which manages inter-
Rashtrakutas Dantidurga airline cooperation globally.
 The Henley Passport Index is updated quarterly
Pala Gopala
according to countries’ visa policy changes.
Chola Vijayalaya  The Henley Passport Index compares the visa-free access
Chauhan Vasudeva of 199 different passports to 227 travel destinations. If
Hence, option (b) is correct. no visa is required, then a score with value ‘1’ is created
for that passport.
3. (a)
 The same applies if you can obtain a visa on arrival, a
Explanation: visitor’s permit, or an electronic travel authority (ETA)
 On 30th June 2022, the Brihad loan mela was organised when entering the destination.
by the Uttar Pradesh government. Hence, option (a) is
correct. 5. (a)
 The Mega loan fair was organized in all 75 districts of Explanation:
Uttar Pradesh, and ₹16 thousand crore loans were  Cornelis de Houtman was the first Dutchman to reach
disbursed to artisans and entrepreneurs. Sumatra and Bantam in 1596.
 On the occasion of Brihad Loan Mela, the UP government  In 1602, the State’s General of the Netherlands
released the annual loan scheme of ₹ 2.95 lakh crore amalgamated many trading companies into the East
for the year 2022-23 and inaugurated the Common India Company of the Netherlands.
Facility Centers set up in 5 districts- Agra, Ambedkar  Dutch captured Nagapatam near Madras (Chennai)
Nagar, Sitapur, Azamgarh, Siddharth Nagar under ‘One from the Portuguese and made it their main stronghold in
District One Product Scheme’. South India.

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  In the Battle of Hooghly in November 1759, which dealt  Chief Minister Uttar Pradesh addressed the campaign and
a crushing blow to Dutch ambitions in India, the English said that 95 percent of the deaths due to Encephalitis
forces defeated the Dutch forces. in the state have been controlled and the remaining 5
Dutch Factory Year percent will be controlled, and the disease will be
completely eradicated from the state.
Masulipatnam 1605
 The Chief Minister said that under the campaign, ASHA
Pulicat 1610 workers, Anganwadi workers, employees of several
Surat 1616 departments including the health department, and
Bimlipatam 1641 people of various organizations will go door-to-door and
Karikal 1645 make people aware.
Chinsurah 1653 8. (b)
Cassimbazar (Kasimbazar), Baranagore, 1658
Explanation:
Patna, Balasore, Nagapatam
PARIMAN:
Cochin 1663  PARIMAN (Portal for Analytical Regional Information
Hence, option (a) is correct.
and Mapping of National capital region) was launched
in August 2021 by Housing and Urban Affairs Minister
6. (a)
Hardeep Singh Puri, who is also the chairman of the
Explanation: National Capital Region Planning Board (NCRPB).
 The first revenue settlement in the Bombay Deccan  PARIMAN is a robust system to facilitate better sub-
was made in the 1820s. The revenue that was demanded regional and local planning.
was so high that in many places’ peasants deserted their  This geo-portal will help to improve decentralised
villages and migrated to new regions. In areas of poor planning and management in the National Capital Region
soil and fluctuating rainfall the problem was particularly (NCR). Hence, option (b) is correct.
acute. When rains failed and harvests were poor, peasants  The portal has many base maps, satellite image services,
found it impossible to pay the revenue. Hence, statement and night light data of different time spans. A terrain
1 is correct. map provides the elevation profile of a route.
 Before the 1860s, three-fourths of raw cotton imports into
 The portal consists of around 179 layers presented as
Britain came from America. British cotton manufacturers
line, point & polygon features covering details of various
had for long been worried about this dependence on
sectors such as land use, transport, industries, water,
American suppliers. In 1857 the Cotton Supply
power, health, shelter, heritage and tourism, and disaster
Association was founded in Britain, and in 1859 the
management.
Manchester Cotton Company was formed. Their
 Area of interest function facilitates a comprehensive view
objective was “to encourage cotton production in every
part of the world suited for its growth”. Hence, statement for any information of a particular state or district or
2 is NOT correct. tehsil.
 This geo-portal is an important platform to know where
7. (b) and what exists in the National Capital Region (NCR)
that enables better planning.
Explanation:
 The Communicable Disease Control and Dastak 9. (c)
campaign was launched on 1 st July 2022 by the
Government of Uttar Pradesh from the BRD Medical Explanation:
College, Gorakhpur. Hence, option (b) is correct.  The Abhidamma Pitaka consists of seven books called
 The communicable disease control campaign was run the higher or further teaching. This is a philosophical
from 1st July to 31st July 2022 and the door-to-door analysis and systematization of the teaching and seems
Dastak campaign in the state from 16th July to 31 July to be the scholarly activity of the monks. It mainly
2022 to prevent the spread of Encephalitis, Malaria, meant for scholars of Buddhism. Hence, option (c) is
Dengue, Filariasis, and Chikungunya. correct.

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  The Vinaya Pitaka included rules and regulations for  The habitation deposits had been divided into a five-fold
those who joined the sangha or monastic order. The tentative culture sequence, that include Early Farming
Vinaya Pitaka consists of the 227 rules of conduct and Phase, Copper Age, Early Iron Age, Northern Black
discipline applicable to the monastic life of the monks Polished Ware (NBPW) and Early Centuries BC/AD.
and nuns. It is divided into three parts and, in addition to  The cultural remains of the Early Farming Phase include
the rules, give accounts of the circumstances under which potsherds, charred and un-charred bones, scattered small
a rule was promulgated and exceptions of the rule. pieces of charcoal, small burnt chunks of clay, a small
piece of stone and a tortoise shell.
 The Buddha’s teaching was oral. The teaching was written
 Ceramic industries of the period consisted of hand-made
down first at the Fourth Council in Sri Lanka about 25
red ware, black and red ware.
B.C.E. in Pali. The writing was in three sections, Vinaya
Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka and Abidhamma Pitaka, following 12. (c)
the division at the Councils, and is called the Tipitaka
Explanation:
(three baskets).
 The Sutta Pitaka consists of the main teaching or
Event Year
Dhamma. It is divided into five Nikayas or collections. Taxation in the Doab 1326
These are the long teachings (Digha Nikaya), medium Transfer of capital from Delhi to Devagiri 1327
length teachings (Majjhima Nikaya), groups of shorter Introduction of Token Currency 1329
teachings according to common topics (Samyutta Qarachil Expedition 1330
Nikaya), a collection arranged to subjects discussed Hence, option (c) is correct.
(Angutta Nikaya) and a collection of a variety of shorter
texts in verse and prose. 13. (c)
Explanation:
10. (b)
 Uttar Pradesh Plastic Waste Management Conclave, 2022
Explanation: was organized at Indira Gandhi Pratishthan on
Ruler Kingdom International Plastic Carry Bag Free Day in Lucknow
on 3rd July 2022. Hence, option (c) is correct.
Devapala Pala
 The theme of this conclave was ‘3R’ which means Reuse,
Dantidurga Rashtrakutas Recycle and Reduce.
Bhoja Pratihara  On this occasion, the Agra municipal commissioner Nikhil
Prithviraj III Chouhan Tikaram was felicitated by the Uttar Pradesh urban
Hence, option (b) is correct.
development and energy minister.
 The manufacture, import, stocking, distribution, sale, and
11. (b) use of notified single-use plastics, including polystyrene
and extended polystyrene, have been banned with effect
Explanation:
from 1st July 2022.
 Lahuradeva site is located in Sant Kabir Nagar district
of Uttar Pradesh. This site has provided the evidence of 14. (d)
human activity and beginning of rice cultivation dated
Explanation:
back to around 9000-7000 BC. Hence, option (b) is
 India’s first Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered, end-to-
correct. end digital Lok Adalat was launched by the Chairman
 The archaeologists have found remains of carbonised of National Legal Service Authority (NALSA) Uday
material containing grains of cultivated rice and wild Umesh Lalit, during the 18th All India Legal Services
grass. Several layers of ancient civilization are buried Authorities Meet. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct.
under the mound. The findings indicate that people  The 18th All India Legal Services Authority Meet was
residing in this area, started farming 10,000 years back organized by the NALSA and the Rajasthan State Legal
which is the earliest evidence of rice cultivation in India. Services Authority (RSLSA) from 16th to 17th July 2022.

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 4
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  The digital Lok Adalat by Rajasthan State Legal Services 16. (b)
Authority (RSLSA 22) was designed and developed by
Explanation:
its technology partner Jupitice Justice Technologies.
Subsidiary Alliance:
 The world’s first JusTech (Justice Technology) company-
 The Subsidiary Alliance system was introduced by
Jupitice has been working with various quasi-judicial
Lord Wellesley in and after 1798. The British, under
bodies and Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) centers the subsidiary alliance system, agreed to protect the Indian
across India to digitally transform and reboot the dispute rulers against external threats and internal disorder but,
resolution ecosystem. in return, the Indian rulers who accepted the Subsidiary
 The Digital Lok Adalat is driven by Artificial Intelligence Alliance system were to agree to the stationing of British
(AI) and Blockchain. It was launched by the Rajasthan contingent for whose maintenance they would pay a
State Legal Services Authority (RSLSA) to address the subsidy to the British. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
growing case pendency. Hence, statement 2 is NOT  The Nizam of Hyderabad was first to enter into a
correct. subsidiary alliance with the English in 1798. He was
forced to replace the French officers from his court and
15. (b) put English officers in their place. He also granted the
territories of Bellari and Cuddapah to British for the
Explanation:
maintenance of the army. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
First Carnatic War (1740–48):
 The Subsidiary Alliance created the Princely States (or
 The First Carnatic War is remembered for the Battle of
Native States) of the Maharajas and the Nawabs,
St. Thome in Madras in 1746, fought between the French prominent among which were: Cochin (1791), Jaipur
forces and the forces of Anwaruddin, the Nawab of (1794), Travancore (1795), Hyderabad (1798) and Mysore
Carnatic, to whom the English appealed for help. (1799).
 The First Carnatic War ended with the signing of the
Treaty of Aix-La Chapelle (1748). 17. (d)

Second Carnatic War (1749–54): Explanation:

 The French supported the claims of Muzaffar Jang and  Neer Nehwal and Chirag Sethi of Noida became the
Chanda Sahib in the Deccan and Carnatic, respectively, champions in the men’s singles category in the Under-19
of the Vijay Sharma Memorial UP East Zone Selection
while the English sided with Nasir Jang and Anwaruddin
Badminton Tournament in Agra on 3rd July 2022.
of Hyderabad.
Hence, option (d) is correct.
 The combined armies of Muzaffar Jang, Chanda Sahib,
 In the under-19 final match at the Eklavya Sports Stadium,
and the French defeated and killed Anwaruddin at the Neer Nehwal of Noida defeated Harshit Tomar of
Battle of Ambur near Vellore in 1749. Hence, option Noida to clinch the championship.
(b) is correct.  Chirag Sethi of Noida won the final match of men’s
Third Carnatic War (1758–63): singles by defeating Prateek Srivastava of Prayagraj.
 The decisive battle of the Third Carnatic War was The  In the men’s doubles final match, the pair of Siddharth
Battle of Wandiwash (Tamil Nadu) which was won by Salar and Siddharth Mishra won the title by defeating
the pair of Chandra Bhushan Tripathi and Kapil
the English on 22nd January 1760. General Eyre Coote
Chaudhary of Saharanpur.
of the English totally routed the French army under Count
 In the girls’ Under-19 doubles, Shivangi Singh and
Thomas Arthur de Lally and took Marquis de Bussy as Tanisha Singh of Basti defeated the duo of Aditya Yadav
prisoner. and Nehal Neeru Mittal of Gorakhpur and Lucknow to
 The Treaty of Peace of Paris in 1763 restored to the clinch the title.
French their factories in India, the French political  In the women’s Open category, Samridhi Singh of
influence disappeared after the war. Lucknow and Sonali Singh of Noida defeated Mahi
 The Dutch had been defeated in the Battle of Bidara in Naresh and Mayuri Yadav of Ghaziabad and Prayagraj to
1759 by the English force. claim the trophy.

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 5
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  A prize of one lakh rupees was distributed among the  Five Doctrines of Jainism are:
winning players in this tournament. ™ Ahimsa: Non-injury to living being
 In the Mix Doubles Under-19 final, Daksh Gautam of ™ Satya: Do not speak a lie
Agra and Shivangi Singh of Basti defeated the pair of
™ Asteya: Do not steal
Shivam Srivastava and Aditya Yadav of Gorakhpur.
™ Aparigraha: Do not acquire property
18. (b) ™ Brahmacharya: Observe continence
Explanation:
20. (d)
 Eminent archaeologist, historian and former Director-
General of the Bangladesh National Museum Dr. Explanation:
Enamul Haque passed away in July 2022. Hence,  In the Rashtrakuta Kingdom, revenue officers called
option (b) is correct. Nad Gavundas or Desa Gramakutas. They appear to
 Dr. Enamul Haque was conferred with Padma Shri for have discharged the same functions as the Deshmukhs
the year 2020 for his work on Bengal’s Iconography and and Deshpandes of later times in Maharashtra. This
terracotta art. development, along with the petty chieftainships in north
 Dr. Enamul Haque was instrumental in setting up the India, had an important bearing on society and politics.
Bangladesh National Museum. He was appointed its As the power of these hereditary elements grew, the
director in 1973 and served as its Director-General village committees became weaker. Hence, option (d) is
between 1983-91. Dr. Haque is credited with finding and correct.
protecting several invaluable sculptures from various
archaeological sites in Bangladesh. 21. (b)

19. (b) Explanation:

Explanation:
Jainism:
 According to Mahavira every element was a
combination of material and spiritual factors. While
the material factor is perishable, the spiritual factor is
external and consistently evolving itself. He held that the
soul was held in a state of bondage due to karma. Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
 The soul can be released from the bondage by getting rid
of passions. He believed that the soul could be finally
liberated only by the disintegration of Karmik force.
According to him with the decay of the karmas the
intrinsic value of the soul can be highlighted and the soul
shines in full luminosity. When the soul attains infinite
greatness it becomes Paramatma, the pure soul, with
infinite knowledge, power and bliss.  The Ahar culture, also known as the Banas culture, is
 There were 24 great teachers, the last of whom was Lord a Chalcolithic archaeological culture on the banks of
Mahavira. the Ahar River of south-eastern Rajasthan state in
™ These twenty-four teachers were called Tirthankaras- India, lasting from 3000 to 1500 BCE, contemporary
people who had attained all knowledge (Moksha) and adjacent to the Indus Valley civilization. Hence,
while living and preached it to the people. option (b) is correct.
™ The first Tirthankara was Rishabnatha. Hence,  Situated along the Banas and Berach Rivers, as well as
statement 2 is correct. the Ahar River, the Ahar–Banas people exploited the

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 6
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 copper ores of the Aravalli Range to make axes and other 24. (b)
artefacts. They were sustained on a number of crops that
included wheat and barley. Explanation:
 The 68th National Film Awards 2020 were announced
22. (d) at the National Media Centre in New Delhi on 22nd July
2022.
Explanation:
 Madhya Pradesh was given the ‘Most Film Friendly
Ruler Reign State’ award. Apart from this, Uttar Pradesh and
Khizr Khan 1414-21 Uttarakhand were given the award of ‘Most Film
Friendly State (Special Mention)’. Hence, option (b)
Mubarak Shah 1421-34 is correct.
Muhammad Shah 1434-43  There is a provision of financial grant of up to ₹10 crore
for international films, TV serials, and web series, 25%
Alam Shah 1443-51
of production cost or ₹2 crores for national feature films,
Hence, option (d) is correct. and 25% of production cost or ₹1 crore for TV serials and
web series. Also, a maximum financial grant of ₹40 lakh
23. (a)
will be given for the documentary.
Explanation:  Tamil feature Soorarai Pottru was named the best film
 Uttar Pradesh has been included in the leader category of the year.
in the third edition of Startup Ecosystem Rankings,  Asha Parekh was conferred with the Dadasaheb Phalke
2022. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Award.
 It was released by the Department for Promotion of  Suriya won the best actor award for his film Soorarai
Pottru.
Industry and Internal Trade on 4th July 2022. Hence,
 Manoj Muntashir has won the award for Best Lyrics for
statement 2 is NOT correct.
the Hindi movie ‘Saina’.
 Startup Ecosystem Rankings was based on 7 sectors
related to startup reforms; the report divides the states 25. (b)
into 5 categories:
Explanation:
1. The best performers  The states that emerged due to the decline of the Mughal
2. Top performers empire can be classified into the following three broad
3. Leaders categories:
™ Successor States:
4. Aspiring leaders
 These were the Mughal provinces that turned
5. Emerging startup ecosystem.
into states after breaking away from the empire.
 According to the report, Gujarat and Karnataka are
 Though they did not challenge the sovereignty
the best performing states at the forefront of the startup
of the Mughal ruler, the establishment of
ecosystem.
independent and hereditary authority by their
 Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, and Telangana have governors showed the emergence of autonomous
been included in the top performing states. polity in these territories.
 On the other hand, states like Uttarakhand, Punjab,  Successor states were Awadh, Bengal, and
Assam, and Tamil Nadu have been included in the Hyderabad. Hence, option (b) is correct.
Leaders category, while Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, ™ Independent Kingdoms:
Rajasthan, Delhi etc. have been selected in the Aspirational  These states came into existence primarily due
Leaders category. to the destabilization of the Mughal control over
 Andhra Pradesh and Bihar were included in the the provinces. These were Mysore and the
emerging startup ecosystem category. Rajput states.

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 ™ The New States:  The global population is growing at its slowest rate since
 These were the states set up by the rebels against 1950, having fallen under 1% in 2020.
the Mughal empire, such states were the  It is projected to reach a peak of around 10.4 billion
Maratha, the Sikh, and the Jat states. people during the 2080s and to remain at that level until
2100.
26. (b)  The report said that “India is projected to surpass China
Explanation: as the world’s most populous country during 2023.”
 The first British revenue settlement, known as the Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct.
Summary Settlement of 1856, was based on the  The world’s two most populous regions in 2022 were
assumption that the taluqdars were interlopers with no Eastern and South-Eastern Asia, with 2.3 billion
permanent stakes in land, they had established their hold people, representing 29% of the global population, and
over land through force and fraud. The Summary Central and Southern Asia, with 2.1 billion, representing
Settlement proceeded to remove the taluqdars wherever 26% of the total world population.
possible. Hence, statement 1 is correct.  China and India accounted for the largest populations in
 The dispossession of taluqdars meant the breakdown these regions, with more than 1.4 billion each in 2022.
of an entire social order. The ties of loyalty and  More than half of the projected increase in global
patronage that had bound the peasant to the taluqdar were population up to 2050 will be concentrated in just eight
disrupted. In pre-British times, the taluqdars were countries of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt,
oppressors but many of them also appeared to be generous Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, and
father figures: they exacted a variety of dues from the Tanzania.
peasant but were often considerate in times of need.  “Disparate population growth rates among the world’s
Hence, statement 2 is correct. largest countries will change their ranking by size for
example, India is projected to surpass China as the world’s
27. (b) most populous country in 2023.”
Explanation:  According to the report, India’s population stands at
 On 5th July 2022, Uttar Pradesh Government started the 1.412 billion in 2022, compared to China’s 1.426
Van mahotsav campaign by planting Harishankari billion.
saplings in the Kodand forest area in the Chitrakoot  India, which will surpass China as the world’s most
district. Hence, option (b) is correct. populous nation by 2023, is projected to have a
 On this occasion, the Chief Minister of UP said that population of 1.668 billion in 2050, way ahead of China’s
natural farming and horticulture would be promoted in 1.317 billion people by the middle of the century.
Bundelkhand.  The report added that it is estimated that ten countries
 Under this campaign, the target is to plant 35 crore experienced a net outflow of more than 1 million
saplings in the state. In this, 25 crore saplings were migrants between 2010 and 2021. Hence, statement 2
planted in a day on 5th July 2022, and 5 crore saplings is correct.
were planted on 15th August 2022. 29. (b)
 Tiger Reserve Park will be built in the Chitrakoot
district, where Tigers will be brought. Explanation:
The Buddhism:
28. (c)  Hinayana
Explanation: ™ Literally Lesser vehicle, also known as Abandoned

World Population Prospects 2022: Vehicle or Defective vehicle. It believes in the

 According to, The World Population Prospects 2022 original teaching of Buddha or Doctrine of elders.
released by the United Nations Department of ™ It does not believe in Idol worship and tries to attain
Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, the individual salvation through self-discipline and
global population is projected to reach eight billion on meditation.
15th November 2022. ™ Theravada is a Hinayana sect.

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 8
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 ™ First Council: It was held soon after the 31. (c)
Mahaparinirvana of the Buddha, around 483 BC under
the patronage of King Ajatshatru and was presided Explanation:
by Mahakashyapa, a monk. Site River
™ The council was held in the Sattapani cave at Harappa Ravi
Rajgriha. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Mohenjodaro Indus
™ The council was held with the purpose of preserving Bhagwanpura Sarasvati
Buddha’s teachings (Sutta) and rules for disciples.
Sutkangendor Dasht
During this council, the teachings of Buddha were
divided into three Pitakas. Hence, option (c) is correct.
™ Only men were allowed into the sangha, but later 32. (b)
women also came to be admitted. According to
Buddhist texts, this was made possible through the Explanation:
mediation of Ananda, one of the Buddha’s dearest Central Administration of Delhi Sultanate:
disciples, who persuaded him to allow women into  The Sultan select the ministers and they remained in office
the sangha. The Buddha’s foster mother, at his pleasure.
Mahapajapati Gotami was the first woman to be  The post of Naib was the most powerful one. The Naib
ordained as a bhikkhuni. Many women who entered practically enjoyed all the powers of the Sultan and
the sangha became teachers of dhamma and went on exercised general control over all the departments. Hence,
to become Theris, or respected women who had statement 1 is correct.
attained liberation. Hence, statement 2 is correct.  The position of Wazir came next to the Naib. Wazir
headed the finance department called Diwan-i-Wizarat.
30. (b)  The military department of the Delhi Sultanate was
Explanation: called Diwan-I-Arz. It was headed by the Ariz-I-
Chola Empire (900-1200) mumalik. The commander-in-chief of the army was the
 The founder of the Chola Empire was Vijayalaya, who sultan. The military department was first set up by
was at first a feudatory of the Pallavas. He captured Balban which was further improved by Alauddin Khalji.
Tanjore in 850 AD. By the end of the ninth century, the Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Cholas had defeated both the Pallavas of Kanchi  Alauddin Khalji introduced the Chehra and Dagh
(Tondaimandalam) and weakened the Pandyas, bringing system. He was also the first sultan to pay his soldiers
the southern Tamil country under their control. But the salaries in cash.
Cholas were hard put to defend their position against the
Rashtrakutas. Hence, statement 1 is correct. 33. (b)
 One of the most remarkable exploits in the reign of
Explanation:
Rajendra I was the march across Kalinga to Bengal in
 On 8th July 2022, the National Highway Authority of
which the Chola armies crossed the river Ganga, and
India’s (NHAI) Project Director informed that River
defeated two local kings. This expedition, led by a Chola
Art Gallery will be built on the banks of the Ganga in
general, took place in 1022 and followed in reverse the
same route which the great conqueror Samudragupta had Prayagraj on the lines of the Eiffel Tower. Hence,
followed. option (b) is correct.
 To commemorate this occasion, Rajendra I assumed the  This will be the only such river art gallery in the country,
title of Gangaikondachola (the Chola who conquered the where tourists from all over the country and the world
Ganga). He built a new capital near the mouth of the will be able to have a direct interview with the colors of
Kaveri river and called it Gangaikondacholapuram (the the culture of Kumbh and Prayagraj. Apart from
city of the Chola who conquered the Ganga). Hence, Prayagraj, the color of Kumbh in Nashik, Ujjain, and
statement 2 is correct. Haridwar will also be shown.

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 9
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  Before entering Prayagraj, tourists will be able to come  Treaty with Shah Alam II:
to this gallery and get a glimpse of the culture and heritage ™ Shah Alam II agreed to reside at Allahabad, to be
of the spiritual city as well as art. ceded to him by the Nawab of Awadh, under the
 Tourists will also be able to get acquainted with the Company’s protection. Hence, statement 3 is NOT
paintings of Shankaracharyas and Naga sannyasis of correct.
the Akharas and their devotion and meditation. ™ Shah Alam II agreed to issue a Farman granting the
 Capsule lifts will be installed on both sides to reach this Diwani of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa to the East India
river art gallery. It is also proposed to build a revolving Company in lieu of an annual payment of ₹ 26 lakhs.
restaurant on the other side of the gallery. ™ Shah Alam II agreed to a provision of ₹ 53 lakhs to
the Company in return for Nizamat functions
34. (b)
(military defence, police, and administration of
Explanation: justice) of the said provinces.
 In July 2022, the Uttar Pradesh cabinet appointed Deloitte
Touche Tohmatsu India as a consultant to achieve the 36. (b)
target of making the state a $ 1 trillion economy. Hence, Explanation:
option (b) is correct.  Simla (present-day Shimla) was founded during the
 It was in the line of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s course of the Gurkha War (1815-16); the Anglo-
vision of making India a 5 trillion economy by 2024-25. Maratha War of 1818 led to British interest in Mount
The UP government has set the target of bringing the Abu; and Darjeeling was wrested from the rulers of
economy of UP to $1 trillion economies. Sikkim in 1835. Hill stations became strategic places for
stationing troops, guarding frontiers and launching
35. (d) campaigns against enemy rulers. Hence, statement 1 is
Explanation: correct.
 The misuse of the Company’s dastak or trade permit  The temperate and cool climate of the Indian hills was
by British Company officials resulted in tensions between seen as an advantage, particularly since the British
the Nawab of Bengal and the British. associated hot weather with epidemics. Cholera and
 The combined armies of Mir Kasim (Nawab of Bengal), malaria were particularly feared and attempts were
Shuja-ud-Daula (the Nawab of Awadh), and Shah made to protect the army from these diseases. The
Alam II (Mughal Emperor) were defeated by the overwhelming presence of the army made these stations
English forces under Major Hector Munro at Buxar on a new kind of cantonment in the hills.
22nd October 1764. This Battle is known as Battle of  Because the hill stations approximated the cold
Buxar. climates of Europe, they became an attractive
 Robert Clive concluded two important treaties at
destination for the new rulers. It became a practice for
viceroys to move to hill stations during the summer
Allahabad in August 1765, one with the Nawab of
months.
Awadh and the other with the Mughal Emperor, Shah
 In 1864, the Viceroy John Lawrence officially moved
Alam II, this is known as the Treaty of Allahabad.
his council to Simla, setting seal to the practice of
 Treaty with Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula:
shifting capitals during the hot season. Simla also
™ Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula agreed to surrender
became the official residence of the commander-in-chief
Allahabad and Kara to Emperor Shah Alam II.
of the Indian army. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Hence, statement 4 is correct.
™ Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula agreed to pay ₹ 50 lakh to 37. (c)
the Company as war indemnity. Hence, statement Explanation:
1 is NOT correct.  On 10th July 2022, the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh
™ Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula agreed to give Balwant inaugurated India’s largest ‘Lulu Shopping Mall’ in
Singh, Zamindar of Banaras, full possession of his Lucknow, it was constructed at a cost of ₹ 2 thousand
estate. Hence, statement 2 is correct. crores. Hence, option (c) is correct.

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 10
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  The mall has been constructed in about 22 lakh square 39. (b)
feet on Shaheed Path in the Sushant Golf City of
Lucknow. Explanation:
The Stupas:
 Its main attraction is not the largest hypermarket and
 The Stupa (a Sanskrit word meaning a heap)
gaming zone of the state built here. Apart from this the
originated as a simple semi-circular mound of earth,
wedding arena for wedding shopping and the 11-screen
later called Anda. Gradually, it evolved into a more
super plex for entertainment have also been prepared
complex structure, balancing round and square shapes.
here.
Above the Anda was the harmika, a balconylike structure
 International standards and facilities are provided that represented the abode of the gods. Hence, statement
here, purchase of brand goods from India and abroad can 1 is correct.
be done. Inside the mall, there are 15 restaurants, 25  Arising from the harmika was a mast called the Yashti,
outlets along with a food court built with a seating often surmounted by a chhatri or umbrella. Around the
capacity of 1600 people. mound was a railing, separating the sacred space from
 It has a parking capacity of 3,000 vehicles. 50,000 the secular world.
people can shop together.  Inscriptions found on the railings and pillars of stupas
 This is the fifth shopping mall of the Lulu Group. The record donations made for building and decorating
company is also working on new shopping malls in them. Some donations were made by kings such as the
Prayagraj and Varanasi. Satavahanas; others were made by guilds, such as that of
the ivory workers who financed part of one of the
38. (b) gateways at Sanchi. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Explanation:  Hundreds of donations were made by women and men
 Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) will conserve the who mention their names, sometimes adding the name of
Ancient Buddhist site on the bank of Bhima River near the place from where they came, as well as their
Kanaganahalli (forming part of Sannati site) in occupations and names of their relatives. Bhikkhus and
Kalaburagi district, Karnataka. Hence, option (b) is bhikkhunis also contributed towards building these
monuments.
correct.
 The conservation project will reset the remains of Maha 40. (c)
Stupa retrieved in the excavation to their original positions
Explanation:
without much ornamentation and reconstructing of fallen
Qutub-ud-din Aibak (1206–10 CE)
portions of the Ayaka platforms using newly-fabricated
 Qutub-ud-din Aibak was the founder of the Slave dynasty.
bricks of the same size, shape and texture.
He was a Turkish slave of Muhammad Ghori, played an
Findings of the Excavation: important role in the expansion of the Turkish Sultanate
Ashokan Edict: in India after the Battle of Tarain and was made the
 The Edicts of Ashoka are a collection of more than thirty governor of Ghori’s Indian possessions. Hence, option
inscriptions on the pillars, as well as boulders and cave (c) is correct.
walls, attributed to Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan Aramshah (1210 CE)
Empire who reigned from 268 BCE to 232 BCE.  Son of Qutbuddin Aibak, who succeeded his father but
Maha Stupa: was an incapable ruler, The Turkish amirs opposed him.
 A Maha Stupa was discovered which was referred to as He ruled for a mere eight months.
Adholoka Maha Chaitya (the Great Stupa of the Iltutmish (1210–1236 CE)
netherworlds) in the inscriptions and, more significantly,  Hence, the real consolidator of Turkish rule in India. He
the stone-portrait of Emperor Ashoka, surrounded by his belonged to the Ilbari tribe and hence his dynasty is also
queens and female attendants. known as the Ilbari dynasty.

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 11
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Ruknuddin Firoz Shah (1236 CE) 43. (d)
 Eldest son of Iltutmish who was put on the throne by
nobles. He took rides on elephants in Delhi distributing Explanation:
gold, and the government was handled by Shah Turkan  Recently, the Prayagraj Division of North-Central
(originally Turkish Maid). When the governor of Multan Railway (NCR) has become the first division in the
revolted, Ruknuddin marched to suppress that revolt. country, where the maximum speed of 272 of 338 mail-
Using this opportunity, Raziya, with the support of amirs express trains operated has now reached 130 kmph.
of Delhi, seized the throne of the Delhi Sultanate. Both This figure is the highest among all 68 railway divisions
Firuz Shah and Shah Turkan were put to death. of Indian Railways. Hence, option (d) is correct.
 Railway officials claim that before the Kumbh Mela to
41. (d) be held in 2025, the speed of all trains running in the
Explanation: Prayagraj division will be 160 kilometers per hour.
Alamgirpur:  With the closure of passenger trains in the lockdown
 Alamgirpur is located in Meerut district of Uttar during the first wave of Covid, work was done to improve
Pradesh. the infrastructure in the three divisions of the North-
 It is also known as the easternmost site of the Indus Central Railway (NCR).
Valley civilisation. Hence, option (d) is correct.  The maximum speed of 520 Mail-Express trains
 A small teracotta bead-like structure coated with gold and running in the Prayagraj division as well as the NCR
evidence of cloth was found at this site. zone has reached 130 kmph. In the first quarter of the
 Utensils with triangle, peacock and squirrel impressions financial year 2022-23, the maximum speed of 14 more
were also found here. trains has increased to 130 kmph.
 In the Prayagraj division, a wall will be constructed on
42. (a)
both sides of the railway track from Ghaziabad to
Explanation: Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay station to run the train
Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351-1388 CE): at an hourly speed. This wall will also be completely ready
 Firoz Shah Tughlaq was one of the important rulers of by the year 2024.
the Tughlaq dynasty.
 He appointed Khan-i-Jahan Maqbal, a Telugu Brahmin 44. (c)
convert, as Wazir (prime minister). The Wazir helped the Explanation:
Sultan in his administration and maintained the prestige
 The Global Energy Prize 2022, was given to Kaushik
of the Sultanate during this period.
Rajashekara, it is the highest award in the field of energy.
 After his accession, Firoz had to face the problem of
Hence, option (c) is correct.
preventing the disintegration of the Delhi Sultanate.
 He was one of the first engineers to work on conceptualizing
Instead of reasserting his authority over the Deccan and
and also building an electronic vehicle, far before the
south India, he tried to safeguard his authority over north
technology became widely known.
India.
 He is Indian-origin professor of engineering at the
 He led two unsuccessful campaigns to Bengal, which, as
a result, became free from the control of Delhi Sultanate. University of Houston.
 Firoz led a campaign against Jajnagar (modern Orissa).  Out of the record 119 nominations from 43 countries, only
He returned with rich booty acquired from temples such three people were bestowed with this honour.
as the Puri Jagannath temple. He marched against  Viktor Orlov, chief specialist of the Centre for Innovative
Nagarkot and made its ruler pay him tributes. Technologies (Rosatom in Russia) and pioneer in
 During this campaign, the Sultan collected 1300 Sanskrit thermonuclear physics; and Mercouri Kanatzidis,
manuscripts from the Jawalamukhi temple library and professor of chemistry and materials science at
got them translated into Persian by Arizuddin Khan Northwestern University and senior researcher at the
‘Dalail-i-Firuz Shahi’. Hence, option (a) is correct. Argonne National Laboratory are other recipients.

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 12
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 45. (c) 47. (a)

Explanation: Explanation:
Anglo-Maratha Struggle for Supremacy: India Innovation Index-2021:
 Uttar Pradesh has been ranked 7th in the category of
War Treaty/Description
17 major states in the India Innovation Index-2021
First Anglo- 1. Treaty of Surat (1775)
released by NITI Aayog on 21st July 2022. Hence, option
Maratha War 2. Treaty of Purandhar (1776)
(a) is correct.
(1775–82) 3. Treaty of Salbai (1782)
 It was the 3rd edition of NITI Aayog’s India Innovation
Second 1. Treaty of Bassein (1802) with Peshwa.
Index, in this Index states and union territories were
Anglo- 2. Treaty of Deogaon, 1803 with Bhonsle.
classified into the category of 17 major states, 10 north-
Maratha War 3. Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon, 1803 with Scindia.
(1803–05) 4. Treaty of Rajpurghat, 1806 with Holka. eastern and hilly states, and 9 union territories and
city-states for effective comparison of their
Third 1.June 1817, Treaty of Poona, with Peshwa.
performance.
Anglo- 2.November 1817, Treaty of Gwalior, with
 In the category of 17 major states, Karnataka is at the
Maratha War Scindia.
(1817–19) 3. January 1818, Treaty of Mandasor, with Holkar. top spot with 18.01 points, while Telangana (17.66
points) is second and Haryana (16.35 points) is third.
Hence, option (c) is correct.
 In the category of major states, Uttar Pradesh is at 7th
46. (a) position with 14.22 points, Odisha is 16th with 11.42
points and Chhattisgarh is 17th (last) with 10.97 points.
Explanation:
 Manipur topped the north-eastern and hill states
1915 Mahatma Gandhi returns from South Africa category with 19.37 points. Uttarakhand (17.67 points)
1917 Champaran Movement is at the second spot in this category, while Nagaland
(11.00 points) is at the bottom.
1918 Peasant Movements in Kheda (Gujarat), and  In the Union Territories and city-states category,
workers movement Chandigarh (27.88 points) has got the top position,
1919 Rowlatt Satyagraha (March-April) while Ladakh (5.91 points) has got the last position.
 This Innovation Index has been prepared on the lines
1921 Non-cooperation and Khilafat Movements
of the Global Innovation Index. The first and second
1928 Peasant Movement in Bardoli innovation indices were released in October 2019 and
January 2021 respectively.
1929 “Purna Swaraj” accepted as Congress goal at the
Lahore Congress (December) 48. (a)
1930 Civil Disobedience Movement; Dandi March Explanation:
(March-April)
1931 Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March)
1931 Second Round Table Conference (December)
1935 Government of India Act promises some form
of representative government
1939 Congress Ministries resign
1942 Quit India Movement begins (August)
1946 Mahatma Gandhi visits Noakhali and other riot-
torn areas to stop communal violence
Hence, option (a) is correct.

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  Ninety-four-year-old Bhagwani Devi has created history 51. (d)
by winning a gold medal for India in the 100m sprint at
the World Masters Athletics Championship-2022 in Explanation:
Tampere, Finland. Hence, option (a) is correct. Archaeological Site District
 She ran 100 meters in 24.74 seconds to clinch the gold. Alamgirpur Meerut
49. (d) Baragaon Saharanpur
Sanauli Baghpat
Explanation:
 In ancient Indian society, sons were considered important Kalpi Jalaun
for continuity of patrilineage while daughters had no Hence, option (d) is correct.

claims over household resources.
52. (b)
 Marrying daughters outside the kin (exogamy) was
considered desirable. This was facilitated by the rules Explanation:
of the gotra system i.e., women were expected to give Vijayanagar Empire:
up their father’s gotra and adopt that of their husband on  Vijayanagar kingdom were founded by Harihara and
marriage, and members of the same gotra could not marry. Bukka who were feudatories of Kakatiyas. The period
Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct. has been divided into four distinct dynasties: Sangama,
 The rule that a daughter should be married to an eligible Saluva, Tuluva and Aravidu.
boy at the right age gave rise to the belief that kanyadana Deva Raya II (1422-1446 CE):
or the gift of a daughter in marriage was an important  Deva Raya II’s rule is the golden age in the history of
religious duty of the father. South India and in particular, that of Karnataka.
 From 500 BCE, these norms were compiled in Sanskrit  He succeeded his father Veera Vijaya Bukka Raya after
texts known as the Dharmasutras and Dharmashastras. his short uneventful two-year reign. Even as a crown
The most important of such works, the Manusmriti, was prince in 1423 CE, he had tasted success in battle against
compiled between 200 BCE and 200 CE. the Bahamani Sultanate, forcing them to switch capitals
 The Brahmana authors of these texts claimed that their to Bidar in 1426 CE.
point of view had universal validity and that what they  Deva Raya II fought three important battles against the
prescribed had to be obeyed by everybody. However, Gajapati of Odisha: in 1427 CE against King Bhanudeva
certain sections of the society, that were against IV in the battle of Kondavidu, in 1436 CE against King
Brahminical norms, neglected these rules. Hence, Kapilendra when the later tried to conquer Rajamahendri,
statement 2 is NOT correct. and again in 1441 CE.
 Dharmasutras and Dharmashastras recognised as many  He was the greatest ruler of the Sangama dynasty. He
as eight forms of marriage, half of which were began the practice of employing Muslims in the army. He
condemned. was called Immadi Deva Raya. In his inscriptions he has
the title of Gajabetekara (the elephant hunter). Hence,
50. (c)
option (b) is correct.
Explanation:  Deva Raya II is the author of two Sanskrit works
Official Related To Mahanataka Sudhanidhi and a commentary on the
Brahmasutras of Badrayana.
Sarai Adl Cloth and groceries market
Shahna-i-Mandi Superintendent of market 53. (b)

Barid Intelligence officer Explanation:

 On 21st July 2022, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister launched
Munhiyans Secret Spies
the ‘Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay state employees cashless
Hence, option (c) is correct.
medical scheme’. It was launched in the interest of all

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 14
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 government employees of the state, all government  Under the subsidiary alliance system, the allying Indian
employees can avail the benefit of the system of cashless state’s ruler was compelled to accept the permanent
treatment. Hence, option (b) is correct. stationing of a British force within his territory and had
 Uttar Pradesh has become the first state to implement to pay a subsidy for its maintenance.
this scheme. 22 lakhs serving, and retired government  Subsidiary alliance of Wellesley subsidised the following
employees of Uttar Pradesh will not have to make rounds states:
of officials to pay their medical expenses. State Signed Subsidiary Alliance in
 Apart from the government employees of the state, the Hyderabad 1798; 1800
government has started this system for pensioners and
Mysore 1799
their dependents as well, that is, about 75 lakh people
will benefit from this scheme. Tanjore October 1799
 Under this scheme, apart from state employees and Awadh November 1801
pensioners, their families will get free treatment up to Peshwa December 1801
five lakh rupees per annum in all private hospitals Bhonsle of Berar December 1803
registered under Ayushman Yojana. Sindhia February 1804
 State employees, pensioners, and their dependents will
Jodhpur 1818
get medical facilities in all medical colleges, government
hospitals, and private hospitals registered in Ayushman Jaipur 1818
Bharat through the State Health Card. Macheri 1818
Bundi 1818
54. (b)
Bharatpur 1818
Explanation: Hence, option (b) is correct.

44th Chess Olympiad:
 The International Chess Body, FIDE, instituted the 56. (a)
Chess Olympiad Torch for the first time in the 44th Chess Explanation:
Olympiad. India is the first-ever country to have the  The Malabar rebellion of 1921, which is also known as
Chess Olympiad Torch Relay. Hence, statement 4 is the Moplah (Muslim) riots had been an uprising of
correct. Muslim tenants against British rulers and local Hindu
 The 44th Chess Olympiad was organized in Chennai, landlords. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Tamil Nadu from 29th July to 9th August 2022. Hence,  The uprising began on 20th August 1921, and went on for
statement 1 is NOT correct. several months. Some historical accounts state that the
 The prestigious competition, which has been organised uprising led to the loss of around 10,000 lives, including
since 1927, is being hosted in India for the first time 2,339 rebels.
and in Asia after 30 years. 189 countries participated in  It has often been perceived as one of the first nationalist
44th Chess Olympiad, this was the largest participation in uprisings in southern India. It has even been described
any Chess Olympiad. Hence, statement 2 is correct. as a peasant revolt. Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct.
 In the women section, Ukraine won the gold medal,  The name Moplah is given to Malayali-speaking
Geogia won the silver, and India won the bronze medal. Muslims who reside along the entire length of the
Hence, statement 3 is NOT correct. Malabar Coast of northern Kerala.

55. (b) 57. (c)

Explanation: Explanation:
 The subsidiary alliance system was adopted by Lord  Researchers at IIT Madras have developed an Artificial
Wellesley, Governor general from 1798–1805, to build Intelligence-based tool named ‘PIVOT’. Hence,
an empire in India. statement 1 is NOT correct.

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 Vajji (or Vriji)
™ ™ Machcha (or Matsya)
Malla
™ ™ Surasena
™ Chedi ™ Assaka
™ Vatsa (or Vamsa) ™ Avanti
™ Kuru ™ Gandhara
™ Panchala ™ Kamboja
 Taxila was the capital of Gandhara.
Hence, option (d) is correct.
 PIVOT can predict cancer-causing genes in an 60. (b)
individual. The tool is designed to help devise personalized
cancer treatment strategies. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Explanation:
 Mamluk Dynasty/Slave dynasty- (1206-1290)- Qutub-
Cancer:
ud-din Aibak was the founder of the Mamluk dynasty.
 Cancer is an uncontrolled growth of cells, which is
 Khalji dynasty- (1290-1320)- Jalaluddin Khalji laid the
caused by alterations/mutations in the cancer-related foundation of the Khalji dynasty.
genes. These alterations in genes can either be due to  Tughlaq Dynasty- (1320-1414 CE.)- Ghiyasuddin
hereditary or other factors such as smoking tobacco, Tughlaq was the founder of theTughlaq dynasty.
exposure to radiation, chemical exposure, viruses etc.  Sayyid dynasty- (1414-1421 CE)- Khizra Khan was the
58. (b) founder of the Sayyid dynasty.
Hence, option (b) is correct.
Explanation:
 India’s first International Bullion Exchange was 61. (d)
launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at Explanation:
Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Prime Minister also laid the  Chanhudaro is situated 130 km southeast of Mohenjodaro.
foundation stone of the Headquarters Building of the It was discovered by N.G. Majumdar in 1931 and
International Financial Services Centers Authority, in excavated on a large scale by E.J.H. Mackay in 1935-36.
Gandhinagar. Hence, option (b) is correct. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
 The opening of the international bullion exchange is  Rangpur is located in Saurashtra region of western
aimed to standardize the gold pricing in India. It further India, on the coast of Arabian Sea in Gujarat. Hence,
seeks to make it easier for small bullion dealers and statement 2 is NOT correct.
jewellers to trade.  Mohenjodaro has been interpreted as “Mound of dead”
 According to reports India is the second highest in Sindhi language. It is located right of the Indus
consumer of precious metal. India imported 1,069 River in the Larkana district, Sindh, Pakistan. Hence,
tonnes of gold in 2021, up from 430 tonnes a year ago. statement 3 is correct.
China remains the highest consumer of Gold.  Rakhigarhi is situated in the Hisar district of Haryana.
 Currently, there are nominated banks and agencies that This site is located in the Ghaggar-Hakra river plain. This
have been approved by the central bank to conduct trade site was discovered by Surajbhan in 1969. The first
or import gold and sell it to dealers. systematic excavation was carried out by the Institute
of Archaeology, ASI, under the directorship of
59. (d)
Amarendra Nath in 1998. Hence, statement 4 is
Explanation: correct.
Buddhist and Jain texts mention sixteen great nations
known as Mahajanapadas. In several passages, the 62. (a)
ancient Buddhist text Anguttara Nikaya, gives a list of Explanation:
16 great nations: Alauddin Khilji (1296 – 1316 CE):
™ Kasi ™ Anga  He was the second sultan of the Khilji dynasty and was
™ Kosala ™ Magadha the most powerful king of this dynasty. He ruled for about

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 twenty years from 1296 to 1316. He became the sultan  The project ‘One District One Product (ODOP)’ is
of Delhi after killing his uncle and father-in-law Jalaluddin going to play a major role in exports. The products will
Khilji, the founder of Khilji dynasty. also be made available on e-commerce platforms to
 He was a very ambitious person and a warmonger. He increase exports.
liked to call himself ‘The Second Alexander’. He took  The Government of Uttar Pradesh has doubled the
the title ‘Sikander-i-Sani’. During his regime, he budget of ‘the Uttar Pradesh Export Infrastructure
expanded his kingdom to a large area. He conquered Development Scheme’ to promote exports.
Gujarat, Ranathambor, Mewar, Malwa, Jalore, Warangal
and Madurai. 64. (a)
 Alauddin implemented price control measures for a wide Explanation:
variety of market goods. Alauddin’s courtier Amir  The Ministry of Power organized the ‘Ujjwal Bharat-
Khusrau and the 14th century writer Hamid Qalandar Ujjwal Bhavishi’ festival in Goa. Hence, option (a) is
suggest that Alauddin introduced these changes for public correct.
welfare. However, Barani states that Alauddin wanted to  The Bijli Mahotsavs are being celebrated all over the
reduce the prices so that low salaries were acceptable to country under the umbrella of Ujjwal Bharat Ujjwal
his soldiers, and thus, to maintain a large army. Hence, Bhavishya – Power @2047 for more public participation.
option (a) is correct. Various programs were organized in Goa to celebrate the
 To ensure that the goods were sold at regulated prices, occasion between 25th July and 30th July 2022.
Alauddin appointed market supervisors and spies, and
received independent reports from them. 65. (d)
 To prevent a black market, his administration prohibited Explanation:
peasants and traders from storing the grains, and  Anandamath is a semi-historical novel written by
established government –run granaries, where the Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, based on the Sanyasi
government’s share of the grain was stored. Revolt. Hence, option (d) is correct.
 The government also forced the transport worker store-  Sanyasi Revolt (1763–1800):
settle in villages at specific distances along the Yamuna ™ The disastrous famine of 1770 and the harsh economic
River to enable rapid transport of grain to Delhi. order of the British compelled a group of sanyasis in
63. (b) Eastern India to fight the British yoke.
™ There was equal participation of Hindus and Muslims
Explanation:
in this uprising. It is sometimes referred to as the
 The Uttar Pradesh government has been promoting
Fakir Rebellion.
exports to make the state a $1 trillion economy. Hence,
option (b) is correct. ™ Majnum Shah (or Majnu Shah), Chirag Ali, Musa
 The exports have increased by 30 percent to ₹1.56 lakh
Shah, Bhawani Pathak, and Debi Chaudhurani were
crore from₹1.21 lakh crore in 2021. The government’s important leaders during the Sanyasi Revolt.
target is to increase this figure to ₹ 2 lakh crore.  Bankim Chandra also wrote a novel, Devi Chaudhurani
 The Uttar Pradesh government made an effort to identify and recognised the women’s role in early resistances
the products that have export potential. 15 sectors have against the British.
been selected at the state level. The products which have
66. (a)
been exported those products also identified.
 The district export scheme is being worked on in every Explanation:
district. District Export Committees have also been Raja Ram Mohan Roy:
constituted under the chairmanship of DM. There will  Ram Mohan Roy was greatly influenced by western
be a meeting every month and the department will be modern thought and stressed on rationalism and
apprised of the problems being faced by the exporters at modern scientific approach. Hence, statement 1 is
the local level. NOT correct.

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  He believed that religious orthodoxies have become  The bank plans to raise interest rates for the first time in
causes of injury and detrimental to social life and sources 11 years this month to tackle record inflation of 8.6
of trouble and bewilderment to the people, instead of percent. More tangibly, it means that any of the current
tending to the amelioration of the condition of society. eurozone’s 340 million inhabitants who visit Croatia will
 Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s first published work Tuhfat- no longer need to exchange their cash for kuna.
ul-Muwahhiddin (Gift to the Monotheistes) published
68. (a)
in 1803 exposed irrational religious beliefs and corrupt
practices of the Hindus as the belief in revelations, Explanation:
prophets, miracles, etc. Jeebancharit was a work of  The Eleventh Agricultural Census (2021-22) was
Ishwar Chandra Vidya Sagar. Hence, statement 2 is launched in July 2022. Hence, option (a) is correct.
NOT correct.  The Agriculture Census is conducted in every 5 years.
 In 1814, he founded Atmiya Sabha in Calcutta to The Union Minister for Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
campaign against idolatry, caste rigidities, meaningless is implementing an agriculture census scheme from 1970-
rituals and other social ills. 71. The tenth edition of the census was conducted with
 He was well known for his pioneering thought and the reference year 2015-16.
 The fieldwork of agricultural census started in August
action on the emancipation of women and especially
on the abolition of sati and widow remarriage. Hence, 2022. Most of the states have digitized their land holdings
so this will further accelerate the collection of agricultural
statement 3 is correct.
census data.
 He attacked child marriage, illiteracy of women and
 Agricultural Census is the main source of information on
the degraded state of widows and demanded the right of
a variety of agricultural parameters at a relatively minute
inheritance and property for women.
level, such as the number and area of operational
Brahmo Samaj: holdings, their size, class-wise distribution, land use,
 Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded Brahmo Sabha in 1828, tenancy, and cropping pattern, etc. This is the first time
which was later renamed as Brahmo Samaj. that data collection for agricultural census will be
 Its chief aim was the worship of the eternal God. It was conducted on smart phones and tablets, so that data is
against priesthood, rituals and sacrifices. available in time.
 It focused on prayers, meditation and reading of the
69. (d)
scriptures. It believed in the unity of all religions.
 It was the first intellectual reform movement of Explanation:
modern India. It led to the emergence of rationalism  A famous Tamil epic, the Silappadikaram, was
and enlightenment in India which indirectly contributed composed by a poet named Ilango Adigal, around 1800
to the nationalist movement. Hence, statement 4 is years ago. It is the story of a merchant named Kovalan,
correct. who lived in Puhar and fell in love with a courtesan named
Madhavi, neglecting his wife, Kannagi. Later, he and
67. (b) Kannagi left Puhar and went to Madurai, where he was
Explanation: wrongly accused of theft by the court jeweller of the
 European Union (EU) has given Croatia the final Pandya king. The king sentenced Kovalan to death.
approval to adopt the euro single currency on 1st Kannagi, who still loved him, was full of grief and anger
at this injustice, and destroyed the entire city of Madurai.
January 2023, replacing the Croatian kuna. Hence,
Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct.
option (b) is correct.
 Purana literally means old. The Puranas contain stories
The benefits of adopting Euro currency: about gods and goddesses, such as Vishnu, Shiva, Durga
 In the 27-nation EU, adopting the euro offers economic or Parvati. They also contain details on how they were to
benefits stemming from deeper financial ties with the be worshipped. Besides, there are accounts about the
currency bloc’s other members and from the European creation of the world, and about kings. Hence,
Central Bank’s monetary authority. statement 2 is NOT correct.

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  The Puranas were written in simple Sanskrit verse,  Rigveda is the earliest compositions and hence, it depicts
and were meant to be heard by everybody, including the life of the Early Vedic people in India.
women and shudras, who were not allowed to study
the Vedas. They were probably recited in temples by 72. (a)
priests, and people came to listen to them. Explanation:
70. (d) Book Author
Kitab-ul-Rehla Ibn Battutah
Explanation:
Sikander Lodhi (1489–1517 CE) Tughlaq-Nama Amir Khusrau
 He was a good administrator. In his reign roads were laid Shah Namah Firdausi
and many irrigational facilities were provided for the Tahqiq-I-Hind Alberuni
benefit of the peasantry. He laid great emphasis on justice.
Chach Namah Abu Bakr
During his reign, the prices of commodities were very
low. Fatawa-I-Jahandari Ziauddin Barani
 Introduced a new measurement yardstick, the Gazz-i- Hence, option (a) is correct.
Sikandari, and a system of auditing of accounts. Despite
73. (d)
certain laudable qualities, he was a bigot and showed little
tolerance towards the non-Muslims. Explanation:
 He destroyed many Hindu temples and imposed many  On 23rd July 2022, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister directed
restrictions on the Hindus. He re-imposed jizya on non- the officials to prepare an action plan to develop 31
Muslims. ancient forts of the Bundelkhand region as new tourist
 He believed in the superior position of the Sultan vis-a-vis centers. Hence, option (d) is correct.
the nobles. He compelled nobles and amirs to show formal  The entire region of Bundelkhand is endowed with
respect to the Sultan in and out the darbar and treated historical and cultural heritage. Many forts in this area
them harshly. have huge complexes and these can be transformed into
 He founded Agra in 1504 CE and wrote Persian verses great hotels.
under the name ‘Gulrukhi’. Hence, option (d) is  Kalinjar fort is situated in a vast area of 542 hectares.
correct. The state government decided to arrange light, and sound
71. (c) shows, camping, trekking, rock climbing, and facade
lighting with private participation.
Explanation:  The state government directed to revive dilapidated forts
Rig Veda: and plans to take up water sports and adventure
 Rigveda has 10 Mandals, 1028 Suktas and 10552 verses
tourism activities in the lake located at Talbehat fort
(Richas).
and Barua sagar sarovar.
 Gayatri Mantra is mentioned in the third Mandal. It
 The Government directed officials to adopt a public-
was written by Vishwamitra. It is dedicated to Lord Sun
private partnership (PPP) funding model for
(Surya). Hence, option (c) is correct.
restoration work.
 Earliest Mandals, i.e., II to VII are called family books
as they are ascribed to particular families of seers/rishis. 74. (c)
 Mandal VIII – It mostly relates to Kanva’s family.
 Mandal IX – It is the compilation of Soma hymns. Explanation:
 Mandal I and X – These are later additions and contains Droupadi Murmu:
the Purusashukta which explains the four varnas.  Article 52 of the Indian constitution provides for the
 The priests related to the Rig Veda are Kotri or Motri, President of India.
and the Upveda of the Rig Veda is the Ayurveda.  Smt Droupadi Murmu became the first tribal woman
 Only surviving recension of the Rig Veda is the Shakala President and 15th President of India. Hence, statement
shakha. 1 is NOT correct.

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  She defeated the opposition’s candidate Sri Yashwant  He founded the Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth Seekers’
Sinha, winning 64.03 per cent of the total votes polled. Society) in 1873. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.  The main aims of the movement were:
 Smt Droupadi Murmu is only the second woman, after ™ Social service
Smt Pratibha Patil, to hold the highest constitutional ™ Spread of education among women and lower caste
position in the country. Chief Justice of India NV people
Ramana administered her oath on 25th July 2022.  Phule’s works, Sarvajanik Satyadharma and Ghulam
 Since the country’s independence in 1947, India has seen Giri, became a source of inspiration for the common
15 different Presidential elections. The vote share of the masses.
winning candidate topped 90 percent only thrice in  Phule used the symbol of Rajah Bali as opposed to the
1957, 1962, and 1997. brahmins’ symbol of Rama.
 Phule aimed at the complete abolition of the caste
75. (a) system and socio-economic inequalities.
Explanation:  This movement gave a sense of identity to the depressed
Tribal Rebellion: communities as a class against the Brahmins, who were
 Santhal Rebellion by the Santhals led by Sido and seen as the exploiters.
Kanhu during 1855– 56 in Bihar against the practices of
77. (d)
zamindars and moneylenders, the rebellion later turned
anti-British and was suppressed. Explanation:
 Kharwar Rebellion by the Kharwars in 1870s in Bihar  Kerala and Ahmedabad
against revenue settlement activities. have been listed by the
 Kol Uprisings by the Kols of Chottanagpur led by Time Magazine among
Buddho Bhagat in 1831 against expansion of British 50 extraordinary
rule on their lands and transfer of their lands to outsiders, destinations to explore
the revolt was suppressed. in its list of “World’s
 Chuar Uprisings by the Chuar aboriginal tribe men in Greatest Places of 2022”. Both places attract a large
1776 against rise in demands and economic privation number of tourists, both from the country as well as
by the British. abroad. Hence, option (d) is correct.
Hence, option (a) is correct.  While the southern state is famous for its beaches and
backwaters, tourists visit the Sabarmati riverfront and
76. (b) Gandhi Ashram in Ahmedabad.
 Time Magazine has created profile pages for Kerala and
Explanation:
Ahmedabad where it has highlighted the reasons why
 Satnami movement: The Satnami movement in
these places are part of its prestigious list.
Central India was founded by Ghasidas who worked
among the leatherworkers and organised a movement to 78. (b)
improve their social status. Hence, statement 1 is
Explanation:
correct.
Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act:
 In eastern Bengal, Haridas Thakur’s Matua sect worked
 The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act was amended
among Chandala cultivators.
in 2021 to expand the scope of the Act. The new
 All these sects were founded by leaders who came from
amendment included both married and unmarried
non-Brahman castes and worked amongst them. They
women in the ambit. Under the Act, a pregnancy may be
tried to change those habits and practices which provoked terminated up to 20 weeks. Hence, statement 1 is NOT
the contempt of dominant castes. They tried to create a correct.
sense of self-esteem among the subordinate castes.  Under the Act, the opinion of the State-level Medical
Satyashodhak Samaj: Board is essential for a pregnancy to be terminated after
 Jyotiba Phule organized a powerful movement against 24 weeks in case of substantial fetal abnormalities. Hence,
upper caste domination and Brahminical supremacy. statement 2 is correct.

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  The law will contribute towards ending preventable Brahmanas. However, one of the earliest inscriptions in
maternal mortality to help meet the Sustainable Sanskrit describes how Rudradaman, the best-known
Development Goals (SDGs) 3.1, 3.7, and 5.6. SDG 3.1 Shaka ruler (c. second century CE), rebuilt Sudarshana
pertains to reducing maternal mortality ratio whereas Lake. This suggests that powerful mlechchhas were
SDGs 3.7 and 5.6 pertain to universal access to sexual familiar with Sanskritic traditions. Hence, statement 1
and reproductive health and rights. Hence, statement 4 is correct.
is correct.  Sanskrit texts and inscriptions used the term Vanik
 The amendments will increase the ambit and access of to designate merchants. While trade was defined as an
women to safe abortion services and will ensure dignity, occupation for Vaishyas in the Shastras, a more complex
autonomy, confidentiality and justice for women who situation is evident in plays such as the Mrichchhakatika
need to terminate pregnancy. written by Shudraka (c. fourth century CE), Here, the
 The Supreme Court in a remarkable judgement has hero Charudatta was described as both a Brahmana and
expanded the scope of the Medical Termination of a sarthavaha or merchant and a fifth-century inscription
Pregnancy Act to include unmarried women and allowed describes two brothers who made a donation for the
a 25-year-old woman to abort her 24-weeks pregnancy construction of a temple as kshatriya-Vaniks. Hence,
arising out of a consensual relationship. It expanded the statement 2 is correct.
ambit of abortion to 24-week pregnancy. Hence,
statement 3 is NOT correct. 81. (b)

79. (b) Explanation:

Rig Vedic Term Meaning
Explanation:
The Sangam Age: Taksha Carpenter
 The Tolkappiyam is the earliest compendium of Tamil Karma Metal worker
grammar and consists of three sections. Though it is a Veknat Money lender
work on Tamil grammar but it also provides insights on
Aritri Boatmen
the political and socio-economic conditions of the time.
Hence, option (b) is correct.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
 The first two sections deal with Ancient Tamil linguistics 82. (a)
like orthography, phonology, morphology and syntax.
The third section deals with prosody, rhetoric, poetics, Explanation:
genres, themes, behavioural codes, poetic diction etc. The Akbar (c. 1556-1605 CE):
entire Tolkappiyam consists of 1612 Cuttirams which in  He is considered as one of the greatest monarchs of the
a sense can be said to correspond to the Sanskrit sutra. Mughal dynasty. He was made the ruler of the Mughal
 Women had respect and were allowed intellectual dynasty merely at the age of 13 after the death of
pursuits. There were women poets like Avvaiyar, Humayun.
Nachchellaiyar, and Kakkaipadiniyar who flourished  Akbar’s alliance with the Rajputs began as political
and contributed to Tamil literature. coalition but later developed into an instrument of closer
 Women were allowed to choose their life partners. But relations between Hindus and Muslims.
life of widows was miserable. Hence, statement 2 is  Akbar was fully aware of the importance of Rajput
correct. kingdoms and wanted them as allies in his ambition of
 There is also a mention about the practice of Sati being establishing a large empire. He tried to win over Rajputs
prevalent in the higher strata of society. wherever possible and induced them into Mughal service.
He entered into matrimonial alliances with the Rajput
80. (b) rulers. Hence, Assertion (A) is correct.
Explanation:  Raja Bharmal of Amber married his eldest daughter Jodha
 The Shakas, who came from Central Asia, were Bai to Akbar. Akbar also married Bikaner and Jaisalmer
regarded as Mlechchhas, barbarians or outsiders by the Rajput princesses.

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  One of the most notable achievements of the Akbar Rajput  The plant is expected to have a capacity of 220,000 tonnes
policy was that there was no hostility between the Rajput annual production of green hydrogen. The framework
and the Mughals. Akbar’s Rajput policy was combined agreement follows the Memorandum of Understanding
with broad religious tolerance. Hence, Reason (R) is (MoU) which was signed in July 2022.
correct.  India’s first pure green hydrogen plant was set up by
 He abolished pilgrimage tax and later the jiziya. He also Oil India Limited (OIL) in Jorhat Pump Station in
prohibited forcible conversion of prisoners of war. The Assam.
matrimonial alliances with the Rajput rulers survived
85. (a)
because of the Akbar’s religious tolerance.
Explanation:
83. (c)  Khan Bahadur led the Revolt of 1857 at Bareilly, a
Explanation: descendant of the former ruler of Rohilkhand. He was
 On 27th July 2022, the Union Minister of State for Home not enthusiastic about the pension being granted by the
Affairs informed the Lok Sabha that Uttar Pradesh has British, so he organised an army of 40,000 soldiers and
the highest number of custodial deaths in all states and offered stiff resistance to the British. Hence, option (a)
Union Territories. Hence, option (c) is correct. is correct.
 Uttar Pradesh recorded 451 deaths in police custody in  The following table mentions some other leaders of
2020-21, while the number rose to 501 in 2021-22. There the Revolt of 1857 and related places:
were 955 custodial deaths in Uttar Pradesh during Centre of Revolt Leader
2020-22. Delhi General Bakht Khan
 According to government data, the total number of
Kanpur Nana Saheb
custodial deaths in India has increased from 1,940 in
Lucknow Begum Hazrat Mahal
2020-21 to 2,544 in 2021-22.
 West Bengal accounted for the highest number of Bihar Kunwar Singh
custodial deaths after Uttar Pradesh. The state recorded Faizabad Maulvi Ahmadullah
185 deaths in 2020-21 and 257 deaths in 2021-22. Jhansi Rani Laxmibai
 According to the data, a total of 396 deaths have been Baghpat Shah Mal
reported in police custody in Bihar, 364 in Madhya
Pradesh, and 340 in Maharashtra. 86. (a)
 Jammu and Kashmir Police topped the list of cases Explanation:
registered cases related to deaths in encounters with 45 ‘Work under Congress Ministries’ (1937):
cases in 2021-22. Second on the list is Chhattisgarh,  Civil Liberties:
with 30 deaths in police encounters followed by Uttar ™ Laws giving emergency powers were repealed.
Pradesh with 27 people killed in encounters.
™ Ban on illegal organisations, such as the Hindustan
 A total of 151 and 82 cases related to deaths in police
Seva Dal and Youth Leagues, and on certain books
encounters have been registered in 2021-22 and 2020-21 and journals was lifted.
across the country.
™ Press restrictions were lifted. Hence, option (a) is
84. (d) correct.
™ Newspapers were taken out of black lists.
Explanation:
 The Indian company ‘ReNew Power’ has signed the ™ Confiscated arms and arms licences were restored.
framework agreement with the government of Egypt to ™ Police powers were curbed and the CID stopped
set up a green hydrogen plant in the Suez Canal Economic shadowing politicians.
Zone with an investment of $8 billion. Hence, option (d) ™ Political prisoners and revolutionaries were released,
is correct. and deportation and internment orders were revoked.

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 ™ In Bombay lands confiscated by the government  According to the report, the global cost-of-living crisis
during the Civil Disobedience Movement were is forcing another 71 million people in the poorest
restored. countries of the world, into extreme poverty.
™ Pensions of officials associated with the Civil  After the analysis of 159 developing countries
Disobedience Movement were restored. highlighted that, increase in key commodity prices in
 Social Welfare Reforms: 2022 is already disturbing parts of Sub-Saharan Africa,
™ Prohibition imposed in certain areas. Asia, and the Balkans.
™ Measures for welfare of Harijans taken—temple entry,  The report also states that, the cost-of-living crisis is
use of public facilities, scholarships, an increase in forcing millions of people into poverty and starvation at
their numbers in government service and police, etc. alarming speed.
™ Attention given to primary, technical and higher Indian scenario:
education and to public health and sanitation.  It shows that inflation will have only a negligible impact
™ Encouragement given to khadi through subsidies and on poverty in India, adding that targeted transfers (such
other measures. as what India has been doing) help poorer households
™ Prison reforms undertaken. cope with price spikes.
™ Encouragement given to indigenous enterprises.  The report shows inflation in India will not push anybody
™ Efforts taken to develop planning through the National below the lower poverty line of $1.9/day, while only
Planning Committee set up under Congress president 0.02% & 0.04% of the population will go below higher
Subhash Bose in 1938. poverty lines of $3.3/day & $5.5/day.

87. (b) 89. (d)

Explanation: Explanation:
NIRF Rankings 2022:  Most Ashokan inscriptions were in the Prakrit language
 The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras took while those in the northwest of the subcontinent were in
first place with 87.59 marks. The Indian Institute of Aramaic and Greek.
Technology (IIT) Bombay came third with 82.35 points,  Most Prakrit inscriptions were written in the Brahmi
and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bengaluru came script; however, some, in the northwest, were written in
second with 83.57 ratings. Hence, option (b) is correct. Kharosthi.
 The National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF)  The Aramaic and Greek scripts were used for
was prepared by the Union Ministry of Education to inscriptions in Afghanistan.
rank higher educational institutions. Across India in Hence, option (d) is correct.
various categories and different subject domains.
 NIRF ranking was first released on 16th September 2015 90. (b)
by the Union Ministry of Education.
Explanation:
 The NIRF also ranks institutions classified on their
respective domains including, University, Engineering, Sufism:
Management, Pharmacy, College, Medical, Law,  Sufis were Muslim mystics. The Sufis often rejected
Architecture, Dental, and Research, besides an Overall the elaborate rituals and codes of behaviour demanded
NIRF Ranking. by Muslim religious scholars. They sought union with
God much as a lover seeks his beloved with a disregard
88. (b) for the world. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct.
Explanation:  They developed elaborate methods of training using
Cost-of-Living Crisis in Developing Countries 2022: zikr (chanting of a name or sacred formula),
 “Cost of Living Crisis in Developing Countries” report contemplation, Sama (singing), raqs (dancing),
was Published by the United Nations Development discussion of parables, breath control, etc. under the
Programme. Hence, option (b) is correct. guidance of a master or pir. Thus emerged the Silsila’s,

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 a spiritual genealogy of Sufi teachers, each following a 93. (b)
slightly different method (tariqa) of instruction and ritual
Explanation:
practice. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
 The Government of Uttar Pradesh recently decided to
 A large number of Sufis from Central Asia settled in
increase the amount from ₹ 1100 to ₹ 1200 for school
Hindustan from the eleventh century onwards. This
dress and stationery for children of one to eight classes.
process was strengthened with the establishment of the
Delhi Sultanate, when several major Sufi centres Hence, statement 1 is correct.
 The amount will be given to the parents of the children
developed all over the subcontinent. The Chishti Silsila
was among the most influential orders. Hence, statement of classes through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
3 is NOT correct. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
 It had a long line of teachers like Khwaja Muinuddin  With this amount, all students of classes one to eight in
Chishti of Ajmer, Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki of Delhi, Baba primary and upper primary schools run by Uttar
Farid of Punjab, Khwaja Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi and Pradesh Basic Shiksha Parishad and non-government
Bandanawaz Gisudaraz of Gulbarga. aided primary and pre-secondary schools will also be
 The Sufi masters held their assemblies in their able to buy uniforms, sweaters, school bags, shoes, and
khanqahs or hospices. Devotees of all descriptions socks along with stationery in the current academic
including members of the royalty and nobility, and session.
ordinary people flocked to these khanqahs. They discussed  The stationery consists of four copies, two pencils, two
spiritual matters, sought the blessings of the saints in pens, four rubbers, and four sharpeners.
solving their worldly problems, or simply attended the
94. (c)
music and dance sessions. Hence, statement 4 is correct.
Explanation:
91. (c)  The First G-20 Finance and Central Bank Deputies
Explanation: Meeting, under the Indian Presidency, was held in
Rig Vedic religion: Bengaluru, Karnataka, from 13th December to 14th
 The most interesting aspect of Rig Vedic religion was its December 2022. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct.
polytheistic character in which several Gods were  Former NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant has been picked
worshipped. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct. as India’s new Sherpa for the G-20, replacing Piyush
 The Rig Vedic Aryans worshipped nature with intense Goyal. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
feeling and endowed it with animated soul. G 20:
 Vedic Gods were mainly classified into three groups- (I)  The Group of Twenty (G-20) is an intergovernmental
God of Sky-Varuna, Mitra, Surya, Vishnu etc. (II) God forum comprising 19 countries - Argentina, Australia,
of Space-Indra, Rudra etc. (III) God of earth-Agni, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia,
Brihaspati, Soma etc. Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi
 Indra has been described as the most powerful deity Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom and United
in the Rig Veda. Indra is called Purandara (Destroyer of States of America and the European Union.
forts). Hence, statement 2 is correct.  The G-20 members represent around 85% of the global
GDP, over 75% of the global trade, and about two-
92. (c)
thirds of the world population.
Explanation:  The G-20 consists of two parallel tracks: the Finance
Builder Building Track and the Sherpa Track. Finance Ministers and
Akbar Jahangiri Mahal in Agra Fort Central Bank Governors lead the Finance Track, while
Sherpas lead the Sherpa Track.
Jahangir Moti Masjid at Lahore
 India holds the Presidency of the G-20 from 1st December
Shah Jahan Shalimar Bagh at Lahore 2022 to 30th November 2023. The 43 Heads of Delegations,
Aurangzeb Badshahi Mosque at Lahore the largest ever in G-20 will be participating in the final
Hence, option (c) is correct. New Delhi Summit in September 2023.

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  The theme of India’s G-20 Presidency “Vasudhaiva  “The Congress expresses its approval of the sending of a
Kutumbakam” or ‘One Earth · One Family · One Medical Mission on its behalf to the people of China
Future’ is drawn from the ancient Sanskrit text of the and trusts that this Mission will continue to receive full
Maha Upanishad. support, so that it may carry on its work of succour
effectively and be a worthy symbol of Indian solidarity
95. (b) with China.” Hence, option (b) is correct.
Explanation:
97. (c)
 Raja Rammohan Roy is known as the ‘father of Indian
Renaissance’ and the maker of Modern India. Explanation:
 He wrote Gift to Monotheists in 1809 and translated into  Recently, after the success of the ‘One District One
Bengali the Vedas and the five Upanishads to prove his Product’ (ODOP) scheme, the Uttar Pradesh
conviction that ancient Hindu texts support monotheism. government has decided to launch the ‘One Tehsil One
 In 1814, he set up the Atmiya sabha or Society of Product’ scheme. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct,
friends in Calcutta to propagate the monotheistic but Statement 2 is correct.
ideals of the Vedanta and to campaign against idolatry,  Most of the tehsils of Uttar Pradesh or any of their
caste rigidities, meaningless rituals, and other social ills. particular towns have a product, such as raw bananas
Hence, option (b) is correct. from Ramchaura of Campierganj in Gorakhpur, green
 He declared that Vedanta is based on reason and that if peas of Farenda Maharajganj, laddu of Sandila of
reason demanded it, even a departure from the scriptures Hardoi, turmeric cultivation in Dudahi block of
is justified. Kushinagar, etc.
 Raja Rammohan Roy founded the Brahmo Sabha in  With the passage of time, through these products, the
August 1828; it was later renamed Brahmo Samaj. brand UP will become stronger in the country and the
 He started his anti-sati struggle in 1818, and he cited world. In a way, it will be an extension of ‘One District,
sacred texts to prove his contention that no religion has One Product’.
sanctioned the burning alive of widows besides appealing  The Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh launched the ODOP
to humanity, reason, and compassion. His efforts were scheme on January 24 2018, marking the first foundation
rewarded by the Indian British Government Regulation day of Uttar Pradesh, which got a good response. That is
in 1829, which declared the practice of sati a crime. why the state government has decided to work on the
 Raja Rammohan Roy supported David Hare’s efforts ‘One Tehsil One Product’ scheme.
to establish the Hindu College in 1817.
98. (d)
96. (b) Explanation:
Explanation: Sardar Patel Outstanding ICAR Institution Award:
 In March 1939 the Congress session took place at Tripuri,  The National Academy of Agricultural Research
in the Central Provinces (near Jabalpur in present Madhya Management (NAARM), established by the Indian
Pradesh). Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), has bagged
 Many ideological differences between Gandhi and the “Sardar Patel Outstanding ICAR Institute Award
Bose surfaced during this session leading to the 2021” (in the Large Institute Category) for its overall
resignation of Bose from the Congress’s President post. performance. Hence, option (d) is correct.
Bose and his followers formed a new party within the Objectives of the Award:
congress called ‘Forward Bloc’.  To recognize outstanding performance by the Indian
 Among the resolutions at Tripuri was an interesting one Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) institutes, Delhi
relating to China: “The Congress sends its greetings to Universities (DUs) of ICAR, Central Agricultural
the people of China and its deepest sympathy in their University (CAU), and State Agricultural Universities.
trials and privations in their struggle against ruthless and  To provide incentive for outstanding institutional/
inhuman imperialism. It congratulates them on their University performance
heroic resistance.  To promote a sense of institutional pride in achievements

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Nature of the Award: scriptorium, that is, a place where the emperor’s collection
 An individual award under the Award consists of of manuscripts was kept and new manuscripts were
₹10,00,000 in cash, a citation, and a plaque for SAUs produced. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
and DUs and for other ICAR Institutes.
101. (d)
99. (c)
Explanation:
Explanation:  After the enlightenment Buddha preached his First
Paleolithic or Old Stone Age: Sermon Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta or ‘Turning the
 The Old Stone Age sites are widely found in various parts Wheel of Dhamma’ to five ascetics, who had previously
of the Indian subcontinent. been his companions, in the deer park, Sarnath near
 These sites are generally located near water sources. Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh on the eve of Saturday, the full
 Several rock shelters and caves used by the Paleolithic moon day of July. Hence, option (d) is correct.
people are scattered across the subcontinent.  The sermon contains the fundamental principles of his
 Paleolithic people lived rarely in huts made of leaves. teaching expressed in the Four Noble Truths:
 Some of the famous sites of the Old Stone Age in India (1) Truth of suffering (Dukkha)
are: (2) Truth of the cause of suffering (Samudaya)
™ The Soan valley and Potwar Plateau in northwest
(3) Truth of the end of suffering (Nirodha)
India. Hence, option (c) is correct.
(4) Truth of the path leading to the end of suffering
™ The Siwalik Hills in north India. (Astangika-Marga).
™ Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh.
™ Adamgarh Hills in Narmada valley. 102. (d)

™ Kurnool in Andhra Pradesh. Explanation:

™ Attirampakkam near Chennai. Tripartite Struggle:
 The eastern portion of India was under the control of the
100. (a) Palas, the western region was under the Pratiharas
control and the Deccan region was governed by the
Explanation:
Rashtrakutas. The “tripartite struggle” refers to the
 Mughal court chronicles were written in Persian.
conflict between these three dynasties over control of
Under the Sultans of Delhi, it flourished as a language of
Kannauj. Hence, Assertion (A) is NOT correct.
the court and of literary writings, alongside north Indian
 The Pratihara Empire, the Pala Empire, and the
languages, especially Hindavi and its regional variants.
Rashtrakuta Empire engaged in combat. In the long run,
As the Mughals were Chaghtai Turks by origin, Turkish
it left all three dynasties vulnerable.
was their mother tongue. Their first ruler Babur wrote
poetry and his memoirs in this language. Hence, Kannauj:
statement 1 is NOT correct.  Kannauj was situated on the Ganga Trading Route and
 Mughal chronicles such as the Akbar Nama were linked to the Silk Route. This made Kannauj strategically
written in Persian, others, like Babur’s memoirs, were and commercially very important. It was also the former
translated from the Turkish into the Persian Babur capital of the Harshvardhan empire in northern India. It
Nama. Translations of Sanskrit texts such as the was a symbol of power in the medieval India. Hence,
Mahabharata and the Ramayana into Persian were Reason (R) is correct.
commissioned by the Mughal emperors. The Mahabharata
103. (d)
was translated as the Razmnama (Book of Wars).
 All books in Mughal India were manuscripts, that is, Explanation:
they were handwritten. The centre of manuscript  On 27th July 2022, Mukhya Mantri Nagar Nirman Yojna
production was the imperial kitabkhana. Although was launched by the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh for
kitabkhana can be translated as library, it was a new civic bodies. Hence, option (d) is correct.

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  The scheme is useful for sewerage, drinking water, 106. (c)
parking, sanitation, beautification of intersections, street
Explanation:
lighting, community centers, road construction, and
setting up of schools and Anganwadi centers in these The decline of the Mughal Empire:
™ The government of the Mughals was a personal
new urban areas.
 The work being done under this scheme will be closely
despotism, so its success depended on the character
monitored and maintain complete transparency along of the reigning ruler. The later Mughals were
with the quality of work. worthless and neglected the administration of the vast
 Under this scheme innovation pre-fab/pre-cost concrete
and unwieldy state. Hence Reason (R) is correct.
construction technology will be used in construction and ™ With the absence of a definite law of succession, there
development works. always occurred a war of succession, which weakened
the stability of the government.
104. (d) ™ The degeneration of the rulers led to the decline of
Explanation: the nobility, with factious disputes and intrigues
 Mission Kushal Karmi has been launched by the Delhi costing the empire tremendously.
government. It aims to upgrade the skills of construction ™ The deterioration of the army also proved disastrous
workers. Hence, both statements 1 and 2 are NOT for the empire.
correct. ™ Aurangzeb’s religious policy was primarily
 The program has been launched with the help of Delhi responsible, leading to Rajputs, Sikhs, Jats, and
Skill and Entrepreneurship University (DSEU) and the Marathas’ revolt.
Delhi Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare
™ Aurangzeb’s Deccan policy was a complete failure
Board.
and was the fundamental cause of the downfall of the
 This will help to increase the income of workers up to
Mughal empire.
₹8,000. The government aims to train 2 lakh workers in
a year under this program. ™ Invasions of Irani and Durrani kingdoms gave a death
blow to the Mughal empire.
105. (d)  Syed Hassan Ali Khan and Syed Husain Ali Khan were
Explanation: powerful in the Mughal Empire during the early 18th
 The following sessions of the Indian National Congress century. They were not the Kings but were the ones who
were held in Uttar Pradesh: decided the successor to the throne; they are known as
‘Kingmakers’. Hence Assertion (A) is correct.
President Location Year
107. (a)
George Yule Allahabad 1888
Explanation:
Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee Allahabad 1892
 On 27th July 2022, the Department of Micro, Small
Ramesh Chandra Dutt Lucknow 1899 and Medium Enterprises (MSME) and the Export
Promotion Department of Uttar Pradesh signed a
Gopal Krishna Gokhale Varanasi 1905
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Micro
William Wedderburn Allahabad 1910 Blogging App ‘Koo’. Hence, option (a) is correct.
 Navneet Sehgal, Additional Chief Secretary, Department
Ambica Charan Mazumdar Lucknow 1916
of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and Export
Sarojini Naidu Kanpur 1925 Promotion Uttar Pradesh, and Aprameya Radhakrishna,
Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Lucknow 1936 Co-Founder, and CEO of Micro Blogging App ‘Koo’
signed the MoU.
JB Kripalani Meerut 1946  Under the agreement, ‘Koo’ will provide a platform to
Hence, option (d) is correct. disseminate ‘One District, One Product (ODOP)’

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 related content and products in 10 languages to raise  Lothal remained an emporium of trade between the
awareness among its users. Apart from this, ‘Koo’ will Harappan civilization and the remaining part of India as
also buy ODOP products for gifting in the corporate well as Mesopotamia. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
sector.
 The ODOP scheme will also be branded in embassies of 110. (d)
other countries. The products of ODOP will be displayed Explanation:
in the embassies and the display will also give Mansabdar:
information about the e-commerce platform.  The term Mansabdar refers to an individual who holds
a mansab, meaning a position or rank.
108. (c)
 It was a grading system used by the Mughals to fix
Explanation: ™ Rank,
 Manoj Kumar, the former expert member of marketing
™ Salary,
of the Khadi and Village Industries Commission
™ Military responsibilities.
(KVIC) was appointed as Chairman of KVIC in July
2022. Hence, option (c) is correct.  Rank and salary were determined by a value called
 He succeeded Vinai Kumar Saxena, who took charge zat. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct.
as the Lieutenant Governor of Delhi.  The higher the zat, the more prestigious was the noble’s
 KVIC is a statutory body incorporated under the Khadi position in court and the larger his salary.
and Village Industries Commission Act, 1956 with the  The mansabdar’s military responsibilities required him
aim to develop Khadi and other village industries in rural to maintain a specified number of sawar or cavalrymen.
areas. It functions under the Ministry of Micro, Small, The mansabdar brought his cavalrymen for review, got
and Medium Enterprises. them registered, their horses branded and then received
money to pay them as salary.
109. (a)  Mansabdars received their salaries as revenue
Explanation: assignments called jagirs.
 Indus Valley Civilization flourished around 2,500 BC, in Akbar Nama:
the western part of South Asia, in contemporary  Abul Fazl wrote a three-volume history of Akbar’s
Pakistan and Western India. reign, titled Akbar Nama. Hence, statement 2 is NOT
 It was home to the largest of the four ancient urban
correct.
civilizations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, and China.
 The first volume dealt with Akbar’s ancestors and the
 The ‘Indus Valley Civilization’ was later named the ‘Indus
second volume recorded the events of Akbar’s reign. The
Civilization’ due to the discovery of more and more sites
third volume is the Ain-i Akbari.
far away from the Indus valley.
 It deals with Akbar’s administration, household, army,
 It is also called the ‘Harappan Civilization’ after the
the revenues and the geography of his empire.
name of its first discovered site.
 It also provides rich details about the traditions and culture
 The most important Indus Valley sites are Kot Diji in
of the people living in India. The most interesting aspect
Sindh, Kalibangan in Rajasthan, Ropar in Punjab,
about the Ain-i Akbari is its rich statistical details about
Banawali in Haryana, Lothal, Surkotada, and Dholavira,
all the three in Gujarat. things as diverse as crops, yields, prices, wages and
 Mohenjodara was the largest of all the Indus cities and
revenues.
it is estimated to have spread over an area of 200 hectares. 111. (a)
Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct.
 In the late-Harappan stage, the decline of the Indus culture Explanation:
started. The excavations at Lothal reveal this stage of  The Milindapanho is, with good reason, a famous work
evolution. Lothal with its port was founded much later. of Buddhist literature, probably compiled in the first
It was surrounded by a massive brick wall as flood century B.C. It presents Buddhist doctrine in a very
protection. attractive and memorable form as a dialogue between a

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 Bactrian Greek king, Milinda, who plays the ‘Devil’s  At present, there are 4 lakh 81 thousand 793 Self Help
Advocate’ and a Buddhist sage, Nàgasena. The writer Groups working in rural areas in the State. Out of
of Milindpanho was Nagasena. Hence, option (a) is these, 3 lakhs 54 thousand 489 groups have been given
correct. ₹ 531.73 crores as revolving funds in a phased manner.
 The Milindapanho is regarded canonical in Burmese  2 lakh 85 thousand 913 groups have been provided
Buddhism, and it is included in the book of Khuddaka community investment funds and women belonging to
Nikaya. these groups have been linked to livelihood-related
activities.
112. (d)  These schemes include the allotment of Fair Price
Explanation: Shops, Management of Community Toilets, Electricity
Utpala Dynasty: Bill Collection, Ojas (Solar Products), Livelihood
Grameen Express Scheme, participation in MGNREGA,
 Utpala Dynasty has been regarded as one of the kingdoms
Startup Village Entrepreneurship Programme,
of Kashmir that administered the whole region of Kashmir
Distribution of Dry Ration, there are women farmers
in the north segment of the subcontinent of India.
empowerment projects, farm value chains, etc.
 The kingdom was established by Avanti Varman, ending
the rule of the Karkota dynasty in 855 CE. Hence, option 114. (a)
(d) is correct.
Explanation:
 The capital of the Utpala dynasty was Avantipur. The
most used language of the dynasty had been determined Date Day
as Sanskrit. Most of the people living in that dynasty were 28 February National Science Day
of the religion of Hinduism and Buddhism. 27 September World Tourism Day
 During the reign of Avanti Varman, the cities of Avantipur 8 March International Women’s Day
and Suyapur were founded. Many Hindu temples 7 July Global Forgiveness Day
dedicated to both Vishnu and Shiva and Buddhist Hence, option (a) is correct.
monastries were built during his period.
115. (a)
113. (c)
Explanation:
Explanation: The Peasant Movements in Uttar Pradesh:
 Recently, under the ‘Uttar Pradesh State Rural Livelihood
Sabha/Movement Founders Year
Mission’, the state government has prepared a five-year
Uttar Pradesh Kisan Gauri Shankar Mishra, 1918
roadmap for women’s empowerment. Hence,
statement 1 is correct. Sabha Indra Narayan Dwivedi,
 Under this prepared roadmap about 66 lakh women in
Madan Mohan Malaviya
rural areas will be connected to new groups and Awadh Kisan Sabha Baba Ramchandra 1920
employment. Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. (Pratapgarh)
 Under the roadmap prepared, 5 lakh 50 thousand 868 Eka Movement Madari Pasi 1921
new livelihood clusters will be formed in the state within All India Kisan Sabha Swami Sahajanand, NG 1936
five years. Hence, statement 3 is NOT correct. (Lucknow) Ranga, Indulal Yagnik
 The goal of this roadmap has been divided into six Hence, option (a) is correct.
months, one year, two years, and five years by the
mission. Hence, statement 4 is correct. 116. (d)
 On the completion of this goal, a large section of women Explanation:
in rural households will start contributing directly to the  Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru differed in
household as well as the economy of the village and the temperament and attitudes towards modernity, religion,
state. God, State and industrialisation.

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  Nehru was indifferent to religion, and Gandhi believed National Centre for the Arts under ‘Ek Bharat-
deeply in his own version of God; Nehru believed that Shreshtha Bharat’ and ‘Cultural Exchange Scheme’.
industrialisation was the only solution to the acute and Hence, option (a) is correct.
widespread poverty of India, while Gandhi called for the  Director of Ayodhya Research Institute of Uttar Pradesh,
reviving of the rural economy. Hence, statement 1 is Dr. Lavkush Dwivedi, and member secretary on behalf
NOT correct. of Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, New
 Nehru believed in the powers of the modern State to Delhi signed this agreement.
elevate and reform society, while Gandhi was sceptical  The agreement has paved the way for educational and
of State power, trusting instead to the conscience and cultural exchanges between all its institutions in the
willingness of individuals and communities. Hence, country, including the headquarters of The Indira Gandhi
statement 2 is NOT correct. National Centre for the Arts, New Delhi.
 In this agreement, it has been first agreed by the Gujarat
 Despite having so many differences, Nehru revered
unit of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts
Gandhi, and Gandhi, in turn, believed in Nehru more than
to send the Ramlila of Gujarat to the Deepotsav to be
his own sons.
held in Ayodhya.
 Both teacher and disciple had fundamental similarities—
patriotism in an inclusive sense, i.e., they identified with 118. (b)
India as a whole rather than with a particular caste,
Explanation:
language, region or religion. Both believed in non-
 International Plastic Bag Free Day, celebrated every
violence and democratic form of government. year on 3rd July, is a global initiative that aims to eliminate
117. (a) the use of plastic bags. Hence, option (b) is correct.
 International Plastic Bag Free Day was started by Bag
Explanation: Free World. It was created as a worldwide initiative for
 On 29th July 2022, an the purpose of getting rid of the single-use of plastic bags
agreement was signed around the world. It is all about promoting environmental
between the conservation by encouraging us all to stay away from the
Department of use of plastic bags and instead look for more eco-friendly
Culture of Uttar Pradesh and the Indira Gandhi alternatives.
119. (b)
Explanation:
Buddhist Councils:
Buddhist Year Venue Chairman Patron Result
1 Buddhist
st
483 BC Saptaparni Mahakassapa Ajatashatru Compilation of Sutta-Pitaka and Vinaya Pitaka
Council Cave, (Harayanka by Ananda and Upali respectively
Rajgriha Dynastry)
2nd Buddhist 383 BC Chullavanga Sabbakami Kalashoka 1. The monks of Vaishali wanted some change
Council Vaishali (Shisunaga in rites.
Dynasty) 2. Schism into Sthaviravadins and Mahasanghikas.
3rd Buddhist 250 BC Ashokarama Mogaliputta Tissa Ashoka 1. Compilation of Abhidhamma Pitaka
Council Vihar, (Maurya 2. Decision to send missionaries to various
Patliputra Dynasty) parts of the world
4th Buddhist 98 AD Kundala Chairman Vasumitra Kanishka 1. Compilation of Mahavibhasha Shastra
Council Vana, Vice chairman (Kushana (Sanskrti comment on Tripitaka)
Kashmir Ashvaghosa Dynasty) 2. The division of Buddhists into Hinayanists
and Mahayanists
Hence, option (b) is correct.

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120. (b) 122. (c)
Explanation: Explanation:
The Hampi: Gahadvala or Gaharwar dynasty:
 Hampi is located in the Krishna-Tungabhadra basin,  The Gahadvala or Gaharwar dynasty was one of the many
which formed the nucleus of the Vijayanagara Empire, ruling families of north India on the eve of the Muslim
founded in 1336. The magnificent ruins at Hampi reveal conquests in the 12th–13th century.
a well-fortified city. No mortar or cementing agent was  Its history, ranging between the second half of the 11th
used in the construction of these walls and the technique century and the mid-13th century, illustrates all the features
followed was to wedge them together by interlocking. of early medieval north Indian polity—dynastic hostilities
Hence, statement 1 is correct. and alliances, feudal state structure, absolute dependence
 Temples were the hub of cultural activities and devadasis on Brahmanical social ideology, and vulnerability in the
(temple dancers) performed before the deity, royalty and face of external aggressions.
masses in the many-pillared halls in the Virupaksha (a  The founder of the Gahadvalas dynasty was Chandradeva.
form of Shiva) temple. The Mahanavami festival, Hence, option (c) is correct.
known today as Navaratri in the south, was one of the  Gahadvalas dynasty ruled parts of the present-day Indian
most important festivals celebrated at Hampi. Hence, states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
statement 2 is correct.  Their capital was located at Varanasi and for a brief
 Vijaya-Vittala Temple: It is one of the largest and most period, they also controlled Kanyakubja (modern
magnificent temples in Hampi. It is located on the banks Kannauj).
of the Tungabhadra River.  Chandradeva was the first independent king and was titled
™ The temple was built in the 15th century by King ‘Parmeshwar’. During his rule, the Gahadvalas had added
Devaraya II which was further expanded and Ayodhaya, Varanasi and Kannauj to their empire.
enhanced by Krishnadevaraya. Chandradeva won a fierce battle against Samanta Gopala
™ This temple is devoted to Lord Vittala, an and Panchala which increased his popularity.
incarnation of Lord Vishnu. The legend behind this
temple says that it was the abode of Lord Vishnu. But 123. (a)
Lord Vishnu returned to live a humble life leaving the Explanation:
grand temple behind.  ‘Performance Grade Index-District (PGI-D) 2019-20’
™ It is one of the grandest of all the architecture in report is released by the Department of School and
Hampi. It was built in the Dravidian style of Education, Union Ministry of Education. It assesses
architecture. It initially had an enclosed Mandapa the performance of the school education system at the
and later an open Mandapa was added by district level by creating an index for comprehensive
Krishnadevaraya. analysis. Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct.
 The PGI-D scores are the aggregate score of six domains
121. (a) of educational attainment of districts viz, learning
Explanation: outcomes, effective classroom interactions,
 Jain is derived from the Sanskrit word ‘jin’ which infrastructure facilities, and student’s entitlements,
means the winner. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct. school safety and child protection, digital learning,
 Jainism is considered to have a total of 24 Tirthankaras and governance process.
who propagated Jainism from time to time.  Mathura and Auraiya districts of Uttar Pradesh lead
 Mahavir Swami was the 24th Tirthankar and was regarded in performance in school education in the new
as the real originator of Jainism. His father Siddhartha Performance Grade Index-District (PGI-D) 2019-20
was the chief of the Gyantrik Kshatriya Sangh. His report. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
mother Trishala was the sister of Chetaka, the head  Both the districts were graded as ‘Ati-uttam’, which
of the Lichhavi Republic. Hence, statement 2 is is the third best grade awarded to districts that achieve
correct. scores between 71% and 80%.

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  The following are the grades given to various districts:  During the reign of the third Nawab of Awadh Shuja-
™ Uttam (61%-70%): Allahabad, Ghaziabad, Agra and ud-Daula, the British East India Company came in
Lucknow, Gautam Budh Nagar, and Barabanki. contact with the rulers of Awadh.
™ Prachesta-1 (51%-60%): Gorakhpur, Varanasi,  Shuja-ud-Daula signed an agreement with the
Kanpur Nagar and 33 others. absconding Nawab of Bengal, Mir Qasim, in 1764
™ Prachesta-2 (41%-50%): Pilibhit, Kheri, against the British East India Company, but he was
Bulandshahr, Rampur, Lalitpur. defeated by the English force in the Battle of Buxar in
1764 and had to cede Kara and Allahabad (Now Prayagraj)
124. (d) to the East India Company.
Explanation:  The English annexed Awadh in 1856, and the sparks of
 Uttar Pradesh is the first state of India to have 13 revolt started spreading throughout the parts of the
expressways. Hence, option (d) is correct. country, which culminated in the revolt of 1857.
The 13 expressways in the state are: 126. (b)
1. Yamuna Expressway - 165 km
Explanation:
2. Noida-Greater Noida Expressway - 25 km
 The Treaty of Allahabad: Robert Clive concluded two
3. Agra-Lucknow Expressway - 302 km
important treaties in August 1765—one with the Nawab
4. Delhi-Meerut Expressway - 96 km of Awadh and the other with the Mughal Emperor, Shah
5. Purvanchal Expressway - 341 km Alam II.
6. Bundelkhand Expressway - 296 km  Treaty of Mangalore: After the Second Anglo -Mysore
Total operational expressways – 1,225 km War, Tipu Sultan carried on the war for one year without
Expressways under construction: any positive outcome. Fed up with an inconclusive battle,
1. Gorakhpur Link Expressway - 91 km both sides opted for peace, negotiating the Treaty of
2. Ganga-Expressway - 594 km Mangalore (March 1784), under which each party gave
back the territories it had captured from the other.
3. Lucknow-Kanpur Expressway - 63 km
 Treaty of Seringapatam: Under this treaty of 1792, the
4. Ghaziabad-Kanpur Expressway - 380 km
victors took nearly half of the Mysorean territory. Half of
5. Gorakhpur-Siliguri Expressway - 519 km
the war indemnity was to be paid immediately, while the
6. Delhi-Saharanpur-Dehradun Expressway - 210 km
rest was to be given in installments, for which Tipu’s sons
7. Ghazipur-Ballia-Manjhighat Expressway - 117 km were taken as hostages by the English.
 The total length of the Expressways under construction
 Treaty of Amritsar: In June 1838, Ranjit Singh was
is 1,974 km.
compelled by political compulsions to sign the Tripartite
 Recently the 296 km long Bundelkhand Expressway was
Treaty with the English. He refused to allow the British
inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 16th
army through his territories to attack Dost Mohammad,
July 2022.
the Afghan Amir. Hence, option (b) is correct.
125. (b)
127. (b)
Explanation:
 Nawab Saadat Khan of Awadh declared his independence Explanation:
from the Mughal Empire in 1722 and his descendants  Recently the Department of Panchayati Raj was issued
continued to rule Awadh till 1856. Hence, option (b) is guidelines for the Uttar Pradesh Mathrubhumi
correct. Yojana. This is a scheme meant to encourage a
 Around the same time, the Rohilla established their participatory mode of development at the village level.
independent kingdom and continued to rule Rohilkhand Hence, option (b) is correct.
until 1774. In 1722 the Nawab of Awadh defeated the  Mathrubhumi Yojana will make the citizens direct
Rohilla with the assistance of the British East India participants in the development works at the gram
Company. panchayat level.

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  The state will bear 40% of the cost of the development 130. (c)
project which is taken up at the village level with the
participation of people. The 60% amount will be Explanation:
 Kornish was a form of ceremonial salutation in which
provided by any willing individual or even an NGO
the courtier placed the palm of his right hand against
or a group of residents.
his forehead and bent his head. It suggested that the
 The government has created a corpus fund of around
subject placed his head – the seat of the senses and the
₹ 100 crores for the scheme. mind – into the hand of humility, presenting it to the royal
 For its effective implementation, a governing council has assembly. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct.
also been constituted.  Chahar taslim is a mode of salutation which begins
with placing the back of the right hand on the ground,
128. (a)
and raising it gently till the person stands erect, when he
Explanation: puts the palm of his hand upon the crown of his head. It
 Nari ko Naman Yojna was launched by Himachal is done four (Chahar) times. Taslim literally means
Pradesh Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur in July 2022. submission. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Hence, option (a) is correct.
131. (a)
 Under this scheme, the Chief Minister announced 50
percent concession on the fares in Himachal Road Explanation:
Transport Corporation (HRTC) buses to women  Maurya Empire was established by Chandragupta Maurya
commuters within the state boundaries. (325 – 300 BC).
 It was announced on the occasion of Himachal Pradesh  The most remarkable aspect of the Mauryan
Day on 15 April 2022. administration is its provincial administration. Hence,
Assertion (A) is correct.
 Under the scheme, Himachal Pradesh government will
 Ashoka’s inscriptions suggest that the Maurya empire
spend ₹ 60 crore annually to provide 50% discount on
was divided into provinces under governors. There seem
ticket prices to women in state. As per estimate, 1.25 lakh
to have been at least four provinces – a southern one with
women travel in HRTC buses every day. its centre at Suvarnagiri, a northern one with its
129. (b) headquarter at Taxila, a western one with its headquarter
at Ujjaini and an eastern one with its centre at Tosali.
Explanation: Hence, Reason (R) is correct.
Ajatashatru (492 BCE – 460 BCE):  The Maurya’s appointed royal princes or members of
 He was the son of Bimbisara. the royal family as a governor of these provinces. There
 It is believed that he killed his father and seized the throne could have been a fifth unit of regional level administration
of Magadh. in Kathiawad, where Pushyagupta and Iranian Tushaspha
 He was the most powerful and aggressive ruler of the were appointed as a governor during the reign of
Haryanka dynasty. Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka, respectively
 He annexed Kosala ruled by Prasenjit. (Junagarh rock inscription of Rudradaman I, 150 AD).
 He used two innovative military weapons:
Both governors were outsiders to the royal house.
I. War engine, which was used to those stones like 132. (b)
catapults (Mahashilakantaka)
Explanation:
II. The chariot with mace for mass-killing Battle of Chandawar:
(Rathamusala)  Mohammad Ghori and Jai Chand fought at the Battle
Hence, option (b) is correct. of Chandawar in 1194. It took place at Chandawar
 He began the fortification of Rajgriha to meet the danger (modern Chandawal near Firozabad), on the banks of
of invasion posed by the ruler of Avanti. Yamuna River close to Agra. Mohammad Ghori killed
 The Buddha died during his reign. Jai Chand in this conflict after having defeated him.
 He arranged the first Buddhist council at Rajgriha. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

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  The battles of Tarain and Chandwar laid the foundations
of Turkish rule in northern India. After this invasion,
Qutub-ud-din Aibak was made the governor of Muhammad
Ghori’s Indian possessions.
 The victory of this battle gave Muhammad control of
much of northern India. This marked the end of the
Gahadvala dynasty. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Muhammad Ghori:
 Mu’izz ad-Din Muhammad, also known as Muhammad
of Ghor, was the Sultan of the Ghurid Empire from 1173
to 1202 and as the sole ruler from 1202 to 1206.
 He is credited with establishing Muslim rule in the Indian
subcontinent, which lasted for centuries.

133. (c)
Explanation:
 Lucknow University geologist Prof. Dhruv Sen Singh
was selected for the National Geoscience Award
(NGA), 2019, for his outstanding contributions in geo-
environmental studies, including in paleoclimate,
paleoenvironment, climate change, and monsoon
variability using rivers, glaciers, and lakes. Hence, option
(c) is correct.
 Prof. Dhruv Sen Singh studied and analysed glacial,  It is used to treat the low blood pressure and arthritis.
fluvial, and lacustrine proxies in the Himalayas and Ganga  ‘Save Chenkurinji’, a campaign to be implemented in
plain in India, and in the Arctic region. various areas coming under the Achencoil Forest
 He has found that the rate of retreat of Gangotri Glacier Division has been launched by the Forest division of
is decreasing from 38m/year in 1970 to 10m/year in Kerala.
2022 and is not in accordance with global warming.  It aims to plant thousands of saplings as part of the
 He has also worked on the causes and consequences campaign in the ghat sectors of the Kollam and
of Kedarnath tragedy and has analyzed rivers and lakes Pathanamthitta districts of Kerala.
of Ganga Plain for palaeoclimate which explain intense
135. (d)
palaeo-monsoon.
 The National Geoscience Award, instituted in 1966, is Explanation:
the highest award in the field of earth sciences and it is United Province Congress Committee:
given by Union Ministry of Mines.  The first conference of the Congress Committee of United
Province was started under the Chairmanship of Motilal
134. (b) Nehru. Hence, option (d) is correct.
Explanation:  In the Surat split (1907), Motilal Nehru and Madan
 Chenkurinji (Gluta travancorica), is a species endemic Mohan Malviya, who were from Uttar Pradesh, supported
to the Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve and inspired the moderates.
the name of Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary. Hence,  In 1909, the political conference of the provincial
option (b) is correct. Congress was started again under the leadership of
 The Anacardiaceae family tree was once abundant in the Motilal Nehru.
hills on the southern parts of Aryankavu Pass, but its  By 1910, the Congress organisation had spread to various
presence has been rapidly declining over the years. districts of the United Province (Now Uttar Pradesh).

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  After the radicals had walked out of Congress in the year ™ The ‘Praveen’ is aimed at imparting vocational
1907, the organisation went under the control of the training to students and making them ready for jobs.
moderates till the commencement of the First World ™ There is another portal called ‘Pehchaan’ which has
War in the year 1914.
a webpage of all secondary schools.
136. (b) ™ The other portals are ‘Pankh’ (for career counselling);
‘Pahunch’ (for mapping of schools); and ‘Parakh’
Explanation:
‘Origin of the Indian National Army’ (for monitoring and grading of schools).
 The idea of creating an army out of the Indian prisoners  The resource mapping of government and aided colleges
of war (POWs) was originally that of Mohan Singh, an through project Alankar has also been taken up.
Indian army officer who had decided not to join the Hence, option (b) is correct.

retreating Quit India Movement, Demand for Pakistan,
British army in Malaya. Hence, both statements 1 and 138. (d)
2 are correct. Explanation:
 He decided to turn to the Japanese for help. The
 ICAR-National Dairy
Japanese had till then encouraged Indian civilians to form
Research Institute
anti-British organisations. Mohan Singh asked for Indian
prisoners of war from the Japanese. (NDRI) at Karnal,
 The Japanese handed over the Indian POWs to Mohan Haryana is one of the
Singh who tried to recruit them into an Indian National premier Institutes in the
Army. dairy sector, which has
 After the fall of Singapore, several POWs were ready to contributed a lot in the
join Mohan Singh. growth of dairy industry and played a crucial role in
 40,000 men were ready to join the INA by the end of India’s development in milk production with its
1942. continuous research. Hence, option (d) is correct.
 It was intended that the INA would go into action only  Over ninety-six-year-old NDRI’s lineage goes back to
on the invitation of the Indian National Congress and the the Imperial Institute for Animal Husbandry & Dairying
people of India. which was set up in Bangalore in 1923 as a center for
 The move to form this army has been seen by many as a
dairy education.
check against the misconduct of the Japanese against
 The Ministry for Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
Indians in South-East Asia and as a bulwark against a
possible future Japanese occupation of India. launched the 100 th anniversary celebrations of the
 Later in July 1943, Bose took the leadership of the National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal
INA from Rashbehari Bose (chairman of Indian (Haryana).
Independence League) as Mohan Singh was taken into
139. (d)
custody by the Japanese who started contemplating an
Indian invasion. Explanation:
 Nasiruddin Mahmud, ruled Delhi Sultanate from 1394
137. (b)
to 1412.
Explanation:
Timur
 In a major digital push, Uttar Pradesh’s secondary
 The weakness of the Delhi Sultanate was made worse by
education department has come up with six web
portals to address the needs and aspirations of job- Timur’s invasion of Delhi (1398).
seeking children.  Timur, who was a Turk but could claim a blood
 The meaning of the 6Ps: relationship with Changez.
™ The department has developed an e-library portal  He had the Balk conquest in 1370 , and gradually brought
and a mobile application called ‘Pragyan’ to reach together the entire tract from Syria to Trans-Oxiana and
out to students and the public in general. from southern Russia to the Indus under his rule.

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  The raid into India was a plundering raid, and its motive 141. (b)
was to seize the wealth accumulated by the sultans of
Delhi over the last 200 years. With the collapse of the Explanation:
 Ashoka’s inscriptions refer to the “Prativedakas” and
Delhi Sultanate, there was no one to meet this incursion.
“Pulisani”, who were responsible for keeping the king
 Timur’s army mercilessly sacked and plundered the
informed of public opinion. Hence, statement 1 is
various towns on the way to Delhi. Timur then entered
correct.
Delhi and sacked it without mercy.
 Arthashastra also refers to the spies called “Sanstha”, who
 Large number of people, both Hindu and Muslim, as well
were positioned in one place, and “Sanchara”, who
as women and children lost their lives.
roamed about.
 Timur’s invasion once again showed the dangers facing
 Arthashastra suggests an elaborate administrative
a weak government in the country. It resulted in the drain
structure. In his discussion of the countryside,
of large amounts of wealth, gold, silver, jewellery, etc.,
Kautilya recommended that the king should establish
from India.
headquarters known as a “Sthaniya” to administer a
 Timur also took with him a large number of Indian
unit consisting of 800 villages, a “Dronamukha” in a unit
artisans, such as masons, stone cutters, carpenters, etc.
of 400 villages, a “Karvatika” in a unit of 200 villages
Some of them helped him in putting up many fine
and a “Sangrahana” in a unit of 10 villages. Sthanikas and
buildings in his capital, Samarqand.
Gopas were in charge of these administrative units. The
Hence, option (d) is correct.
village was the smallest unit of local administration.
140. (b) Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Explanation: 142. (b)

The Chisti: Explanation:
 Pilgrimage, called ziyarat, to tombs of Sufi saints is Akbar’s conquests:
prevalent all over the Muslim world. This practice is
Year Province From
an occasion for seeking the Sufi’s spiritual grace
(Barakat). For more than seven centuries’ people of 1560-62 Malwa Baz Bahadur
various creeds, classes and social backgrounds have 1568 Chittor Rana Uday Singh
expressed their devotion at the dargahs of the five great 1576 Haldighati Rana Pratap
Chishti saints. Amongst these, the most revered shrine 1595 Kandhar Muzaffar Husain Mirza
is that of Khwaja Muinuddin, popularly known as Hence, the option (b) is correct.
“Gharib Nawaz” (comforter of the poor). Hence,
statement 1 is correct. 143. (c)
 A major feature of the Chishti tradition was austerity, Explanation:
including maintaining a distance from worldly power.  India’s first Autonomous Navigation facility, TiHAN
However, this was by no means a situation of absolute was inaugurated by Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of
isolation from political power. State for Science & Technology at the IIT Hyderabad
 The Sufis accepted unsolicited grants and donations from campus. Hence, option (c) is correct.
the political elites. The Sultans in turn set up charitable  Developed at a budget of ₹ 130 crores by the Union
trusts (auqaf) as endowments for hospices and granted Ministry of Science & Technology, TiHAN (Technology
tax-free land (inam). Innovation Hub on Autonomous Navigation) is a
 The Chishtis accepted donations in cash and kind. multidisciplinary initiative that will make India a global
Rather than accumulate donations, they preferred to use player in the futuristic and next generation ‘smart
these fully on immediate requirements such as food, mobility’ technology.
clothes, living quarters and ritual necessities (such as  TiHAN Testbed will provide a unique platform for
Sama). Hence, statement 2 is correct. high quality research between academia, industry, and

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 R&D labs both at the national and international levels,  Chittu Pandey set up the first parallel government in
thus making India a global leader in autonomous Ballia, in east Uttar Pradesh. He was born in Rattuchak,
navigation technologies. a village in the Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh. He was
popularly referred as the Sher-e-Ballia (Lion of Ballia).
144. (c) Hence, option (c) is correct.
Explanation:
146. (b)
 The National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA) Climate
Centre for Cities (NIUA C-Cube), World Resources Explanation:
Institute India (WRI India) and their partners launched  Warren Hastings followed a Ring-Fence policy, which
“India’s first national coalition platform for urban nature- aimed to create buffer zones to defend the Company’s
based solutions (NbS)” at the 11th World Urban Forum frontiers. It was the defence policy of their neighbours’
in Poland. Hence, option (c) is correct. frontiers for safeguarding their territories. This policy of
 The India Forum for Nature-based Solutions aims to Warren Hastings was reflected in his war against the
create a collective of NbS entrepreneurs, government Marathas and Mysore.
entities and like-minded organisations, to help scale  Lord Wellesley used the Subsidiary Alliance system.
urban nature-based solutions by Under the plan, the allied Indian state’s ruler was
™ Defining a shared language and by communicating compelled to accept the permanent stationing of a British
benefits that inform actions at the local level including force within his territory and pay a subsidy for its
scaling up of existing NbS interventions. maintenance. In return, the British would defend the ruler
™ Driving investment and strengthening delivery from his enemies and adopt a policy of non-interference
in the internal matters of the allied state.
mechanisms through multi-stakeholder coordination.
 Though the Doctrine of Lapse policy is attributed to
™ Mainstreaming urban ecosystem-based services and
Lord Dalhousie, he was not its originator.
nature-based solutions in India through informing
The doctrine of Lapse stated that the adopted son could
policy, plans, and project interventions.
be the heir to his foster father’s private property, but not
the state. It was for the Britishers to decide whether to
145. (c)
accept the claim of an adopted son on the state or annex
Explanation: it.
The Quit India Movement:  Lytton started a new foreign policy of ‘Proud Reserve’,
 On 8th August 1942, Mahatma Gandhi called to end which aimed to have scientific frontiers and safeguard
British rule and launched the Quit India Movement at ‘spheres of influence’. According to Lytton, the relations
the session of the All-India Congress Committee in with Afghanistan could no longer be left ambiguous.
Mumbai. Hence, option (b) is correct.
 Gandhiji gave the call “Do or Die” in his speech at the
Gowalia Tank Maidan, now popularly known as August 147. (b)
Kranti Maidan. Explanation:
 Aruna Asaf Ali popularly known as the ‘Grand Old State Ranking Index For National Food Security Act (NFSA),
Lady’ of the Independence Movement is known for 2013:
hoisting the Indian flag at the Gowalia Tank Maidan  In July 2022, the first edition of the State Ranking
in Mumbai during the Quit India Movement. Index for NFSA was released by the Ministry of
 The slogan ‘Quit India’ was coined by Yusuf Meher Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution,
Ali, a socialist and trade unionist who also served as Government of India.
Mayor of Mumbai. He also coined the slogan “Simon  The index seeks to document the status and progress
Go Back”. of the implementation of NFSA across the country and
 Some parts of the country during the Quit India various reform initiatives after consultation with the
Movement saw the emergence of parallel governments. states.

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  It highlights the reforms undertaken by the States and 149. (c)
Union Territories and creates a cross-learning
environment and scale-up reform measures by all the Explanation:
States and Union Territories. Battle of Hydaspes:
 The current index is largely focused on NFSA  In 327 B.C. Alexander crossed the Hindukush Mountains
distribution and will include future buyouts, PMKGAY and spent nearly ten months fighting with the tribes. He
(Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana) crossed the Indus in February 326 B.C. with the help of
distributions. the bridge of boats.
 He was warmly received by Ambhi, the ruler of Taxila.
General Category States:
 From there Alexander sent a message to Porus to
 Odisha is ranked first followed by Uttar Pradesh and
Andhra Pradesh in second and third position. Hence, surrender. But Porus refused and decided to fight against
statement 1 is correct. Alexander.
 Then Alexander marched from Taxila to the banks of the
Special Category States:
river Hydaspes (Jhelum).
 Tripura ranks top among the special category states (the
 On the other side of the river, he saw the vast army of
North-eastern States, Himalayan States, and Island
Porus. As there were heavy floods in the river, Alexander
States).
was not able to cross it.
 Himachal Pradesh and Sikkim are in second and third
 After a few days, he crossed the river and the famous
place, respectively.
battle of Hydaspes was fought on the plains of Karri
Worst Performers: in 326 BC. It was a well-contested battle.
 Punjab, Haryana, and Delhi are among the states at  Although Porus had a strong army, he lost the battle.
the bottom three Hence, statement 2 is correct. Alexander was impressed by the courage and heroism of
148. (b) this Indian prince, treated him generously, and reinstated
him on his throne.
Explanation: Hence, option (c) is correct.
 On 6th July
2022, Google 150. (d)
announced the
Explanation:
launch of
The emperor Akbar in his profound sagacity classified
Startup School
the lands and fixed a different revenue to be paid by
India (SSI) as
each:
part of the
 Polaj was the land which was annually cultivated for
Google for Startups initiative. Hence, option (b) is
correct. each crop in succession and was never allowed to lie
 It aimed to collect relevant information on startup building fallow. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
into a systematic curriculum to help 10,000 startups in  Parauti was the land left out of cultivation for a time that
Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities.This is a platform under which it may recover its strength. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Google will bring together investors, successful  Chachar was the land that had lain fallow for three or
entrepreneurs, and programmers that startups from the four years. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
smaller cities can to tap into and learn from the best.  Banjar was the land left uncultivated for five years and
 The SSI is a nine-week program, delivered virtually, more. Hence, statement 4 is correct.
and will feature fireside chats between Google leaders  Of the first two kinds of land, there were three classes,
and trailblazing collaborators from across the startup good, middling, and bad. The produce of each sort was
ecosystem spanning fintech, D2C, B2B, and B2C added and the third of this represented the medium
e-commerce, language, social media & networking, job produce, one-third part of which was exacted as the Royal
search, and many more. dues.

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 38
Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi Karol Bagh, New Delhi Civil Lines, Prayagraj Main Tonk Road, Vasundhara Colony, Jaipur

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