THE HOPED CO-ORDINATION N.
E SERIES
THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
N.E ADVANCED BIOLOGY SERIES TANZANIA 2023/2024
ADVANCED CERTIFICATE FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL EXAMINATION
SERIES 4
TIME: 3:00HRS Tuesday, 17th October2023.
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of two sections A and B with total of ten (10) questions
2. Answer all questions in section A and any two (2) questions from section B
3. Section A carries seventy (70) marks and section B carries thirty (30) marks
4. Except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil, all writings should be in blueor
black ink
5. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in
examination room
6. Write your names on every page of your answer sheet
PARTICIPANT SCHOOLS
Tabora boys ss,Nawenge ss, Ifakara girls ss, Malambo ss, Kimamba ss , Bugando ss Kashishi ss, Chief
Dodo ss, Samunge ss, Kijota Hull ss, Minziro ss, Dr. Olsen ss, , Golden Ridge ss, Lugufu girls ss, Tabora Girls,
St. Maurus Chemchemi ss, Bogwe Boys, Tongani ss, Meatu ss, Lupiro ss, , St. Home ss, , Mwandiga
ss,jenista Mhagama ss, Dakama ss, Nyehunge ss, Tura ss, Lugeye ss, , , Kwiro ss, Sadani ss,Tongani ss,
Nganza girls ss, Kwemaramba ss, Loreto girls ss, Ilongero ss, Temeke ss, Nakaguru ss, Makongoro ss,
Ngudu ss, Kibaigwa girls ss, Bugando ss, Nyampulukano ss, Rungwe boys ss, , Magu ss,Celina Kombani
ss, Bwiru Boys ss,Mudio ss,Mara boys ss,Wali Ul asr ss,Livingstone boys ss,Milambo ss,Kilakala girls ss,
Njombe ss, Kiteto ss, Kibaha boys ss, Ilboru ss, Kowak girls ss, Nuru ss, Abdulrahim busoka ss, Mbezi beach ss,
Nyampulukano ss, Kisutu girls ss, Kimambass, St. Joseph ss, Kizwite girls, cornerstone leadership ss, Catherine
ss, Monduli T.C, Meta ss, Same ss, Celina Kombani ss, Busokelo ss, Kigom Grand ss, Ahmes ss, Rosimin ss,
Africana ss, Idete ss, Tabata ss,Mwembeni academic ss, Anna Mkapa ss,Consolatha seminary ss,
Malagarasi ss, Nakaguru ss, Tura ss, Malambo sss, Loleto girls ss,Nyantakara ss,Premier girls ss,Tumaini senior
ss,Chang’ombe ss,Shanta mine girls ss,Ocean ss,Sengerema boys ss,kondoa girls ss, Tura ss, Idete ss, Green
Acress ss, Rujewa ss, Kahororo ss, Genda ss,Bihawana ss, Unyanyembe ss, Tarime ss, White lake ss, Imperial
ss, Bwiru girls ,ipitingi,kwemaramba ss,Kiteto ss,Idete ss,imperial ss,Green acres ss
THIS PAPER CONSISTS OF FOUR PRINTED PAGES
pg. 1 N.E SERIES 2023/2024
SECTION A: 70 marks
(Answer all questions)
1. a. Briefly explain any five changes that occur in the flower after fertilization.
(5 marks)
b. After gestation period, a pregnant woman starts to experience various
changes periodically that are influenced by hormones. Such changes
may result into labour. Briefly explain these changes. (3 marks)
c. Briefly explain how non endospermic seed develop. (2 marks)
2. a. What will happen if each of the following organelles is severely damaged
i. Microbodies ii. Ribosomes iii. Golgi bodies iv. Microtubules
v. Endoplasmic reticulum. Give one reason to each (5 marks)
b.. ‘Chloroplast and mitochondria are considered as prokaryotic cells in
eukaryotic cells’. In one point, substantiate this statement.
(1 mark)
c. i. Justify the statement that, ‘Mitochondria is the power house of the cell’.
(2 marks)
ii. Giving one reason, state where in the body of mammal you would find
large number of microbodies. (2 marks)
3. a. i. Briefly explain the fact that nerve impulses move in only one direction.
(1 mark)
ii. Mary was looking outside through windows and suddenly, she decided to
thread a needle for stitching her dress. Describe briefly the changes which
took place in her eyes. Use six points (3 marks)
b. i. Nerve impulses obeys ‘All or Nothing principle’. Justify this statement
(1 mark)
ii. Why is the mode of conduction of electrical impulse along the myelinated
neurons advantageous to a non-myelinated neuron? (1 marks)
c. Transmission speed is among the characteristics of nerve impulses as it is
determined by certain factors. In three points justify the statement.
(3 marks)
4. a. A student was provided with the following organisms:
Tortoise, Butterfly, Crab, Bird, Snake, Snail and Earthworm.
Then it is required to classify them in his classification. He placed the organ
isms into three distinct groups as shown in the table below:
GROUP ORGANISM
A Tortoise, Snail, Crab
B Earthworm, Snake
C Bird, Butterfly
pg. 2 N.E SERIES 2023/2024
i. What type of classification scheme was used by student?
(1 mark)
ii. What are the shortfalls of this classification scheme? 2 points
(2 marks)
iii. What criteria was used by students to place together organisms in groups
A, B and C. (1 mark)
b. From your knowledge of classification, construct a simple numbered
dichotomous key which could be used to identify the classes of phylum
chordata: Mammalia, Aves, Reptilia, Amphibia, Chondrichthyes and
Osteichthyes. Use the following features: Hair, skeleton type, scales, fins
and feathers. (4 marks)
c. Briefly explain why organisms at lower taxon are very identical than at
higher ranks? (2 marks)
5. a. i. Water acts as both universal solvent and as lubricant. Substantiate this sta
tement in two points. (2 marks)
ii. Why water is an excellent solvent for polar compounds. Use three points.
(3 marks)
b. i. ATP is reffered to as energy currency why (1 mark)
ii. Briefly explain the process of ATP formation. (2 marks)
c. Give the basis of test for the following:
i. Lipid (1 mark)
ii. Protein (1 mark)
6. a. i. A certain woman was sick. After diagnosis and observation, it was observe
d that she has a pancreatic duct cancer. The medical doctor in charge
of the hospital ordered to cut off the pancreatic duct and surgery was
conducted (The pancreatic duct was removed however the woman did
not suffer from both hormonal and digestive problems). Explain briefly
(2 marks)
ii. How does a liver serves both as digestive as well as excretory organ?
(2 mark)
b. Explain the following biological facts with reasons:
i. During the mechanism of nervous and hormonal control of digestion invol
ves secretion of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the intestinal phase. What would
happen if CCK is not secreted during intestinal phase? (1 mark)
ii. What would happen if HCl is not secreted in the stomach?
(1 mark)
iii. What may happen if the gall bladder is removed? (1 mark)
c. Briefly describe how C4 plants are well adapted to the environment in dri
er regions of tropics and subtropics. Use three points (3 mark)
pg. 3 N.E SERIES 2023/2024
7. a. Explain by giving reason for the following biological facts:
i. That, far more oxygen is released from oxy-hemoglobin in the more active
tissues than less active tissues (1 mark)
ii. Oxygen enters the blood from aliveolar air but carbon-dioxide leaves blo
od to enter the aliveolar duct. (1 mark)
iii. Mountain dwellers posses a form of Hemoglobin with high affinity to oxy
gen (1 mark)
iv. Red blood cells count is much higher in the person who live in high
high altitudes. (1 mark)
v. The basal metabollic rate of female is lower than that of males
(1 MARK)
b. i. Explain the statement that Krebs’s cycle is the common metabolic path
way for protein, carbohydrate and fats. (3 marks)
ii. The initial stage of glycolysis involves use of ATP. Explain
(2 marks)
pg. 4 N.E SERIES 2023/2024
SECTION B: 30 marks
(answer any two questions)
8. a. i. Explain the events in electron transport chain during the formation of ATP.
Use four points (4 marks)
ii. Describe the fate of pyruvic acid under anaerobic respiration cycle.
(6 marks)
b. ‘Citric cycle is very important in respiration’. In five points justify this
statement. (5 marks)
9. a. i. Give a detailed description on phloem translocation as conceptualized
by Munch in 1930. (6 marks)
ii. How the model described in (i) above applied in real life situation of
plants?
(2 marks)
b. Describe how structure of Cardiac muscles is adapted to suit its function.
Use seven points (7 marks)
10. a. Account for the embryonic membranes and explain the role of each
(10 marks)
b. Explain the events which take place in the uterus during the menstrual cy
cle of a mammal (10 marks)
pg. 5 N.E SERIES 2023/2024
