2.

The Plymouth Colony is started

Chapter 9: Colonial America and Revolutionary War Two new groups of English colonists arrived
in the region that came to be called as New
In 17th and 18th centuries , there were this 13
England.This time these settlers hoped to build a
colonies established in the land that Britain claimed
communities where they would be free to practice
in the north America.
their religious beliefs.
And these colonies offered 3 things during their time
The first to arrived were a group of
as a colonists
Puritans.These Puritans declared themselves as a
1.Economic opportunities "separatists" declaring that they are separated from
the England Churches.Because they are believing
2.Personal Freedom that the Church of England practices too much like
those of the Roman Catholic Church.
3.Self-Government
And when King James I ,came to the throne
he began to persecute all the non-conformists.In
Between 1607 and 1733 , the settlers are from 1619, the separatist received a permission to settle
England, and they establshed 13 colonies on the on the land owned by the London Company
Atlantic Coast of North America.
Small ship May Flower: It is the ship that
1.First colony was established in Virginia. carried the Pilgrims(separatists/traveler to a sacred
place) from Englands to Plymouth,
In 1607 , there were these London
Massachusetts.And when they are settling on their
Merchants (Virginia Company of London)who
permanent settlement ,like virginia colonist, they
financed a settlement or a place for English Colonists
also encountered disease and malnutrition, and they
at Jamestown in what is now the Virginia.
suffered from it.
There are two reasons why, first is they are not
But after they had suffered from it , there is
prepared to any hardships that they will encounter
this WAMPANAOG Indian tribes that give them
during that time, and second they really did not
advices in farming ,hunting ,harvesting and also give
expect to do the farm work.
them foods. Saving these colonists from
More than half of the original 104 colonists starvation.But because they are eager to find a
died because of starvation (hunger) and permanent place/home to live, they include their
disease.during the first winter. families, unlike the Virginia colonists that just hoped
to discover silver and gold and also water route to
Indians of the Powhatan Confederacy the pacific .
-they are the people who help their own setllers, 3. Another colony is founded in New England.
they even give them food and taught them how to
grow corns, yams and especially tobacco that was Because some of the Puritans were
very popular in European markets during that time, persecuted in England in their religious beliefs they
therefore ,that eventually made the colony found this Massachusetts Bay Colony, and they
prosperous. strongly hoped to build religious community and
churches, for they so believed that God will be more the other settlers moved to the north of
pleased than they left behind. Massachusetts Bay and established New Hampshire.

In 1630 the year the colony was Small gropups of people who earned their
founded,more than 1,000 settlers arrived in living by fishing,lumbering and farming settled in
Massachusetts, over the next 12 years , 19,000 more Maine.The people in Connecticut, New Hampshire,
arrived.In 1691 Massachusetts Bay absorbed the and Maine established governments, laws and
Plymouth colony,therefore,Plymouth Colony is being churches, and the Puritan also spread their ways and
part of Massachusetts bay. influence throughout most of the New England.

4. Exiles from Massachusetts settled in Rhode 6. Dutch and Swedish colonies become part of
Island. English America.

The leaders of Massachusetts Bayinisted that Dutch and swedish colonists settled in parts
all people in the colony should conform to Puritan of what are now states of New York,New Jersey and
ways and beliefs.Some settlers disagreed. Delaware.One of Henry Hudson's voyages had given
the dutch a claim to the hudson river valley, which
The Minister Roger Williams had preached
they called New Netherland.Dutch West India
that the "government had no authority in religious
Company ,was more interested in trade than in
matters".In 1635 the puritan leaders banished
colonization.
Williams from Massachusetts ,early in 1636 Williams
moved to the south , and they establish a colony in The company established a fur-
what is now the state of Rhode Island. trading(selling of an animal furs) post at fort orange
and a settlement named New Amsterdam, along
This was also the first settlement in America
what is now the (manhattan)New York
to separate the authority of church and the state,
Harbor.Swedish Settlers established the colony of
resulting to allow its people religious
New Sweden(Maine, Massachusetts) in 1638.
freedom.Afterwards because of these policies , the
first jews to settle in English America made their New Sweden was captured by the Dutch in
homes in Rhode Island. 1655 and became part of New Netherland.This time
the English were trade Rivals of the Dutch and they
In 1637 Anne Hutchinson was brought to
envied the Dutch monopoly specifically their Fur -
trial because she had preached that the ministers in
trading system.
the colony had taught false doctrines. She was also
banished from Massachusetts considering her deed In 1664, Charles ll of England granted the
as a heresy (a belief that does not agree with official territory between the Connecticut River and
belief of a particular religion), soon she also started Delaware Bay to his Brother , the duke of York (King
another settlement in Rhode Island. James ll). New Amsterdam is also part of dutch
colony but it was small and lacked popular support
5. Settlers establish other New England colonies.
and when the English fleet was sent to New
Because of the disagreements with the Amsterdam, the DUTCH quickly surrendered
Puritan Leaders(STRICT RELIGIOUS GROUPS), it led because they were in no position to defend their
more settlers to leave the Massachusetts .They colony that time and New Netherland became New
moved westward into the fertile Connecticut River York.The land south of the Hudson River , which
Valley, settling in what became Connecticut.While
had been settled by Dutch and Swedish colonists,it 1632. He is a royal adviser and had converted to
became the English Colony of New Jersey. Roman Catholicism and wanted Maryland to be a
refuge for the catholics who have been persecuted
7. The Pennsylvania colony offers religious
in England.
freedom.
In 1649 , Marylands colonial assembly passed
Another group of non-conforming
this TOLERATION ACT , it is to grant the religious
protestants in England was the The Society of
freedom to all Christians in the Colony.In 1663,
Friends whose member are commonlyu known as
Charles ll granted a large area of land south of
Quakers,they did not believe that the people needed
Virginia to a group of enterprising noblemen and it
the guidance of church , they seek to experience
was named Carolina after the latin form of the
God directly.They believe in Religious Toleration.
King's name (carolus)
William Penn was a devouted Quaker and
The first settlement in carolina was started
his father is the admiral navy.The father of William
in 1670 at Charles Town (later called
Penn had helped restore the stuart kings to the
Charleston).Just like how Virginia became properous,
English throne that is why Charles ll of England
carolina prospered by just growing tobacco.And in
granted william a huge tract of land in the North
1712, the northern and southern part of the
america .which soon william called it Pennsylvania
carolina colony were placed under separated
means "Penn's Wood"
governments.And in 1729, both of the colonies
And there is another tract of land given to became royal colonies.
William Penn, but this time it is from the Duke of
9. Reformers begin the Last English Colony
York ,King James ll and later became the colony of
Delaware.Penn had been persecuted and Reformers are the people who makes
imprisoned in England for his beliefs, but therefore changes to something in order to improve it.King
he established policies in religious toleration and George ll granted the land between south carolina
political liberty.In 1682 , Penn closed the trade of and Spanish Florida to a group of English Reformers
alcohol between the indians and the white led by James Oglethorpe (British Soldier).It is to
Americans because he tried to keep white traders to make a new beginning for the people who had been
from cheating Indians back then. imprisoned bacause of debt, and so the reformers
wanted to start a colony for them.When Oglethorpe
Penn's policies attracted more settlers ,
gave up his charter ,then Georgia became the Royal
among the settlers were presbyterians , Angelicans,
Colony.
and Quakers. Lutherans and Calvinist from
Germany, and Huguenots from France .Despite of Georgia - as a haven for England's wealth
their different backgrounds these settlers built a poor
thriving colony of farmers, trappers ,merchants and
11. The Colonies provide economic and political
artisans. William Penn's "city of brotherly love"
opportunities
8.Maryland and the Carolina grow out of royal
The British had an unbroken line of 13
grants.
colonies, stretching along the Atlantic coast of
Maryland was given by Charles l to the North America between Spanich florida and French
family of George Calvert,the first Lord Baltimore ,in territory to the norths.Settlers in the American
colonies had a chance to own their own land.South and became important in the economies in the
of Delaware Bay were many Large Plantations, southern colonies, but most of the work on the
whose owners grew crops and exported to Europe. Plantations was done by the black slaves , they were
brought to America from Africa.
The colonists also had greater freedom and
more political rights.Each colony had its own The Blacks made up a large percentage of the
elected Asssembly.In Britain only men who owned a southern colonies' populations.In 1715, blacks made
substantial (large)amount of property could vote for up about 24 % of the population of Virginia and 62%
the Representative to the House of Commons.Each of the population of black of South Carolina and
of the colonies in America also had property ranging from less than 2% in New Hampshire and
requirements for voting , but a larger percentage of almost 13% in New York.
the male colonists were able to fulfill them.

12. Most Blacks in the colony are slaves.

Black people did not benefit from these

opportunities.The experience of people of African
ancestry is different from white European
settlers.The first black settlers in the colonies were
twenty Africans who arrived in Virginia in 1619, they
had been brought by a Dutch ship and were sold as
indentured servants (an individual who agrees to
work a certain number of years in exchange for
passage by ship to a new land) 4-7 years, and these
servants learned skill, worked on a farm,or helped
in household. After the term of indenture, she /he
will free.

Indentured servants included both white

and black servants, --- gained their freedom at the
end of their indentures and could become farmers
or laborers,by the law, black are required to give
lifelong service and also their children are also
property of the owner.By the end of the 17th
century, the enslavement of blacks was legal in all
colonies.

13. The Black population increases as the

pantations spread.

The Plantation agriculture (a large farm on

which crops are grown and harvested by human
labor)that developed in the southern colonies
encouraged the growth of slavery.By 1715 ,
plantation of crops were popular and soon exported