5 -----ir:--i^ _ -i

--^¿:--- r rk,rEs,
l*r,vr

§ lf you don't understand a new word, read the

whole sentence and try to guess what it means.
e Remember to think about where the message
is taken from, who it's for and why it was
written. This will help you to understand
the meaninq of anv new words.

(j'l)::: Read the texts. For each question, choose the correct answer.

gW H lrm
ffi#
Sony, but I can't practise for the match today. l'm tired and
I'r¿ren r fi^i:l-ed'nv ro-nework. Can we Qo loro"rowl
Adele

Thanks for the book, I love it! As you know,

A Adele has to study today
l'm Usain Bolt's biggest fan. The photos
B Adele is tired because she did some sport. are amazing!
C Adele and Tim will practise tomorrow.
Marc has
A borrowed a book from Alice.
B sent Alice some photos.
C given Alice a present.

We are the winners!

Tenn¡s cooch
My team won the competition, so l'm having a Beginners:9.l 0olesson
party on Saturday. Can you and Karen come? Con lend rockets io students
Must bring troiners
'What
should Sue do?
A Tell Karen the winners of the competition. A Only beginners pay for the tennis lessons.
B Check if Karen wants to go to the party. B You must take a racket to all the tennis lessons.
C Ask Karen to plan a part¡r C You need to wear the right type of shoes.

ffi Hi noo
ffi §ailiftg trfp
Are you feeling better? Do you want me to visit you?
I can show you what we did in art class today.
To qo on the trip, you must be able to swim well.
-lelen¿

A Rob couldn't go to art class because he was ill. A Swimmers of all levels may go on the trip.
B Helena is giving Rob art lessons. B The trip is only for good swimmers.
J. t o": n-1_""
',":"I
visrtlrs' C People on the trip must know about sailing.
;
l":':-t
i

*i
, ffi W*it" highlighted word from the text to match each definition.
a
t finished first in a competition
i 2 objects used to hit a ball in tennis,
'f,

¡i badminton, etc.
.: this person teaches you how to play
a sport
4 this team is the best Find out about a famous sports person in your
er. 5 needing rest or sleep _
country. Make a poster about him or her.
)rt. 6 a sDort vou do in a boat
l';; :t tr.:: ii:
§li§!§ Complete the conversation with the words
I..t i,...,..t:ji.:i:

Find these sentences in Exercise 5 on page 81. and in the box.

then choose the correct words to complete
sentences a-e. can I
can't I don't have i

L People on the trip must know about sailing. have I might I needn't i

2 You need to wear the right type of shoes.

Robert: (1) you see who's got the baii?
3 Swimmers of all levels mqy go on the trip.
Anna: No, I (2)-. I think it's number 10.
4 Can you and Karen come? Robert: Oh, that's Harry Kane. He's an amazing
5 Adele has to study today. player. But dad says he (3) -- move
6 Rob couldn't go to art class because he was ill. to a different team next year. I hope not.
-
a) We use crzn to talk about ability / necessity. Anna: Oh, you (41 worry. He loves this
team so I don't think he']] want to leave.
b) We use have to to talk about possibili§ / obligation.
Robert: Look! He's scored a goall That's L-1.
c) We use may to talk about possibility / ability.
Anna: That's great! There's only a few more
d) We use must to taik about possibility / obligation. minutes 1eft,- so shall we go now?
e) We use need(n't) to talk about necessity / ability. Robert: No way! We (5) to staY until
the end. There's still time for another goal
§ ,'H
nrñ ::.;it.,'l'ir'.:.¡. llii.::i...;:, ¡
{ r,¡:,,+|l;,-¡¡. Anna: OK, then.We (6) to hurry
an),nva)¿ We've got lots of time until the
: ,,,, Modal verbs do not change their form and are
next bus.
I followed by the bare infinit¡ve (without to) of
Robert: That's good. Now let's enjoy the end of
another verb. the game!
,..,,Weusecan/can,t(cannot)totalkaboutability
, ¡n the present and could/couldn'tfo talk about . §§:: Complete the text with the correct form
ability in the past. of the modals can('t), could(n't), had (to),
have (to), may/might, need(n't).
other people or when the person doing the
: action believes it is necessary.There is no past , ..::r'.':_u,t:..i.'.,::'.r'.1 : ,::..,.,- l.:.:.,-... .,.i.::,.,...,.,..

, form of must, we use had to.The negative form '

don't have to.
is
f{eep ffi §? rréffi ffi ástg" ", !
At 15, Emil Zátopek was a young
Czech who worked in a shoe
factory. When he was younger he
(1) do any sPorts
Choose the correct words.
particularly well, so he
L When my dad was at school, he can't / couldn't
understand maths. e) never have
become a runner. However, one
All football players may / must fo1low the rules
day, the factory sports coach
of the game.
told him he (3)
-
to run in a race' Everyone
The weather forecast says it's going to ----
was surprised when he came second. Zátopek then
snow tomorrow so we might / needn't go
started to think that he (4)
- work in the
snowboarding.
factory forever. He thought maybe he could be a
4 Sports people coutd / have to train every day.
runner insteadl
5 We couldn't / needn't go for a run today if we --
don't want to. Everyone knows that to be the best at any sport you
You can't / must te11 the sports teacher if you
(5) to train hard, and he did. Zátopek
--
ran in the 1952 Olympic Games, and he won the
don't feel weII.
5,000- and 10,000-metre races. He also ran in the
marathon, the longest race in the Games. lt was his
first marathon, but he ran the 42-kilometre race and
won! Today most people still (6) belteve
he did this ... but he didlZátopek showed that if you
really want something, you (7) worry
about what other people (8) --- think.
Just believe rn yourself.
 {@effi§a
É
-
:.r.!
-*l' i
: :,'::: .:.: i::..i:-:r.1:.:: :. ir.:::::1!' I ._.: -§ t: .:5
{ eJf §
:::a::'tai::::i:::i: i:.:j::j:j::.litt.::::::-::i:: rjr j1.,:.::.:-:,iri$ É.::,::a
txw¡lwssJ¡

l?

0.

V1§mrds €&mssse&*d w§*fu sñ&rf Werhsl§?&&§trrs

.:ffi r.l,l:;.-li Write a word from the box to match
ffi a.l I ?.:, ferr¡plste the table. Listen and check.
each definition. There are two extra words
you do not need. Listen and check. verb noun
wrn winner
badminton I cricket I kit I pool (1)_ surfer
r 'Iiilg I :lad.lum ! J1P1:1"":l' |
*1"":. : swrm (2)_
1 You need a small plastic ball to play this game. (3)
_ runner
play (4)
2 You can go swimming here
3 You can do this sport on snow in the ffi Co*plete the sentences with the correct
mountains. form of some of the words from Exercise 3.
4 You can watch a footbali game here I There are over 50 in the pool today!
§
5 This is the person who is first in a competition 2 Novak Djokoüc the tennis match.
or race.
3 The eight best _ waited in the
6 You need a racket to play this game stadium to start the 500-metre race.
Who do you think is the best football
Choose the best word to complete
--.tr;,,:.,'l,: in the world this year?
each sentence. Listen and check. If you want to learn to _ , it's
The _ told us what exercises to do important that you can swim.
and helped us play better.
A team B coach C member Cm§ §msm&§mrxs str*§B.* eserh§
2 Car. you _ a horse?
A play B skate C ride ffit§ the sentences with the
'.-ir:;r'.ir-: Qe¡np1"1e
3 You need a to go to the basketball correct form of the verbs in the box. Listen
game tonight. and check.
A ticket B bat C club
4 I can't go swimming
; climb I enter I go I piay I throw I win
because I haven't got
my_. 1 Greg _ the ball into the road.
A swimsuit B beach C pool 2 My class swimming at the city pool
5 Ed was the winner of the 800-metre everylMednesday
A race B bat C club Everyone can _ the competition but
6 They played in a rugby yesterday only one person can win.
and won 35-3! In the summer, lots of people in England
A club B goal C match cricket.
Do I need to practise a lot before I
a mountaln?
6 EmiI Zátopekwas veryhappywhen he
the 5,000-metre race at the Olympic Games
w

lir
+
ii,l
i:i
i:,
i..
tij

i.¡

ii

ffiffire
ffi'w
it
íl
:'l

i'i
".n
¿jir:riiif-it::iilT::;iqliq',;i-r1'jr,-q .i:1::!:::i:i:Ijil¡::r":íilETr:r':f-lr":ij:::-f,::j+

W Wort in pairs. Look at the poster for a

summer camp and answer the questions'
§VIateháng
L What sports are the young people doing?
'Would you like to do the sports in the poster? c Read the question and all the possible answers
2
carefully.
Why/WhYnot?
What other sports would you like to do at a a Remember that there are three possible answers
summer camp? that you don't need.
& When you iisten again, checkthe three possible
SKEE-t unr*"it you didn't choose, to make sure they
aren't correct.
B-ÉstemEng fer ntpmrtffi §Et Effi §srffieet**r§
i

G You don't need to understand every word to ¡l,r)z.ze You will hear Bea tatking to her dad
answer the questions' about her summer camp. What sport did
G The first time you listen, think about the she do on each daY?
important words.
G When you listen again, think carefully about what §xarn¡rle:
the sPeakers mean. Monday morning t!
Monday afternoon A swimming
Tüesday B badminton
ffi {,»r Listen to five people talking about
27
WednesdaY C vol1eYball
sports. Match each speaker to a sport' D tennis
Thursday
Speaker 1 a) running Friday E sailing
Speaker 2 - b) windsurfing F football
c) badminton G cricket
Speaker 3 -
IFritñftrftg
Speaker 4 - d) cycling
Speaker 5 - e) table tennis

- ffi ('»r.28 Listen again and checkyour answer§'

ffi {'»''27 Listen again and write th-e names
of the other sports the people talk about in
- each corn¡ersation.
Conversation t
Conversatiorr2
Í'otLall"' #..$. , i-'tli.rr;mffi 1r'W .,;';ifll$É=
'

Conversation 3 , Work in pairs and answer the questions'

Conversation 4 : . Uo* popular are summer camps in your country?
Conversation 5 : . Wf,ut sports and other activities can you do there?
 *rmmc'ffimg is: e*s:text
Look at these sentences from the audio in the
listening lesson and then match them to the * We use modals to:
descriptions (a-e). ask for / give advice: should/shouldn't
I You should start playing again, Dad - it's good ask for / give permission'. can/could
exercise ... refuse permi ssion: can't/cou ldn't
2 Camp rules say we mustn't swim if there's a strong make a polite requesl: could
wind... say something is prohibited: mustn't
3 ... could you take some photos of the boats, please? To make the negative form, you add 'not'after the modal
4 Well, you shouldn't be out all day in the sun if it's
very hot.
e Sometimes the negative form changes the modal's
The camp leader says we can go to the pool today meaning: ln the UK, you must drive on the left. (obligation)
instead.
ln the UK, you mustn't drive on the right. (prohibition)
a) something is not allowed _
b) we have permission _
c) someone is making a request _
d) something is a good idea _
e) something isn't a good idea _

F ffi Crroose the correct words. Complete the text about a summer camp
We're very happy because the teacher says we with the phrases from the box.
shouldn't / can all watch a üdeo for the last half
hour this afternoon. canuse I can't do | ;;;i;;""üi"c j

mustn't leave I should bring (x2)

Ambet, come back and get your helmet! -l
I

You could / mustn't ever go out on your bike arrive II LUUIU

shouldn'tL 4rrrvE you 4J^
could yUU ask i

without it.'
Ed, should / could you help me with my school
proiect, please?
Please turn the computer off. You shouldn't /
can play video games all evening. It's not a good
thing to do!
rd You look very tired. You mustn't / should go to
bed earlier.

ffi Cfroose the correct words (a, b or c) to

I
complete each sentence. What to bring First of alt, everyone (1)
these things to camp: a pair of trainers, shorts or leggings
1 I'm not sure how to do this. _ you help me,
please? and a T-shirt. You (2) sports without
a) Could b) Should c) Shouldn't them. Secondty, don't bring your best clothes, because we
don't want them to get dirty. So (3)
2 You _ eat for 30 minutes before you go some o[d clothes for art activities, ptease? Peopte often ask
swlmmlng. us if they (4) their own rackets, bats or
a) could b) can c) shouldn't ba[[s. The answer is no. We have a[[ the equipment here and
_
I think you try learning a new sport. It's fun! you (5) it whenever you want.
a) mustn't b) couldn't c) should When to arrive The camp starts at 11:30 on Saturday
The teacher says we _ use her tennis rackets. 7th JuLy. You (6) -too early, as the
That's kind of her. leaders won't atl be here unti[ 10, so ptease try to arrive
a) can b) shouldn't c) couldn't at about 10:30 if possibte.
5 The boys _ go to the match last night because r And finatly ... When you arrive, (7)
their dad said no. your parents to park in the Rees Lane car park. There's
l'ii a) shouldn't b) couldn't c) mustn't plenty of room there for everyone. And, one [ast thing
The rule here is that you _ do any water always remember the camp rute white you're here - you
sports if you _ swim 500 metres. (8) the camp at any time without
a) should, can b) mustn't, can't c) couid, mustn't permission. See you on Saturday!
ffiw
:.1i...:.t.-tti ..."'-,',:-:i,:,..tt,.ti.,.t t.'

Watch the TalkZMe video and

i.'-',,
answer the questions.
1 What can the twins'new phones do?
2 What question does Jojo ask her phone?
3 What surprising thing do the phones do at ;,f :f dsriil*F i Bli:*r*§
the end? Make sure you reply to the examiner's question.
For example, if he/she asks Do you think ...? you
l'.,t watch the video again. Underline the
must give a reason. lf you're asked Which ... do you
phrases in the Phrase expert box that you
like best? you must give a preference.
hear on the video.
Remember to use suitable phrases to show the
examiner how much language you know.
FF*H&## ffiHtrHftT'
I think ... : Never mind! I lt's rubbish. ffi& :': In pairs, do the exam task. Then
,',.1',, .]
x
i listen to two students doing the task. Did
i
§ you agree with any of their ideas?
I
:*H5rr.
a.

§
:
*
i Do you like these sports? Say why or why not.
¡ §

#Eu**,9 *FÉÉfti+r'Es {
1

i Often in an exam, you will be asked to give your 4

1

opinion. For example, the examiner will ask

questions like Do you think playing a team sport is
funT Which of these sports do you like best? etc.
j There are many phrases you can use to give your
opinion. For example, Yes, I think ..., For me, ...,
ln my opinion ..., No, I don't believe that . . .,
... is my favourite.

ffi$ Complete the table to say if you like or

don't like the activity.
Actiüty 0pinion whv?
¡t ,,ü0 ¡
ice hockey ,fovt t !tk: t:.*,7 f,,l,l fí4sl
.

skateboarding

surfing

voIleyball

rffi.
§§§ Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions
about the activities in Exercise 3 and give
a reason for your opinion. Take it in turns to ask and answer these
Student A: Do you like ice hockey? questions.
Student B: No. For me, it's too fast and very cold, Student A: Is it better to play sports in a team
or do sports alone?
3' Do you think playing tennis is difficult?
_ -..",LTf,íi:_ "g!SÍt
I;{ Resource centre: Unit 8 i Student B: Do you prefer doing sport in the
Intorration in questions
ii.,:---,.****_.."-.,*_ i
summer or winter?
",--*_.i__"_"*.*"""" __-_.-_--J Do you think playing football is fun?
ffi l"pairs or as a group, answer the
questions. Open cloze
L What different places can you do sports in? o As you read the text in the exam, ask yourself
2 Do you prefer to do sports inside or outside? what type of information the writer is trying to
communicate. For example, if the writer is talking
about an ability or a possibility, or giving some
advice, then the sentence may need a modal verb.
UsÉerE rseda§veilfus o you thinkthe sentence needs a modal verb, think
If
G Remember that modal verbs add meaning to the carefully if it should be in the present or the past.
main verb. For example, they are used to express o Most modal verbs aren't followed by to, except for
ability (can / can?, advice (shou ld I shouldn't), need to and have to.
obl igation (m ust/ m u stn't), elc.
* Remember to write only one word in each gap.
G Their form changes to express the present, past or Negative contractions are two words, for example,
future tense and they are usually followed by the mustn't = must not. However, the word can't =
infinitive without fo. cannot (one word) can be used.
(} You need to understand the meaning of the text
and the time when the action takes place (present,
past, etc.) in order to select the correct modal verb.
For each question, write the correct answer.
Write ONE word for each gap.
ffi corrrplete the sentences with a modal verb
from the box.
iL_ can I could I may must I shouidn't
_*-*-_-,--.*--"_* ' ***-"- I i
--_-***--"***
7 You _ do sport after eating a big meal.
2 Running is popular because you _ do
it everywhere.
We _ go swimming later today if we
have time.
The whole class run round the field
twice for being late.
5 _ you pass me the ball, please?

ffi ," pairs, read the text in Exercise 4 quickly

and ansu¡er the questions.
What does Street Games do?
A It organises football competitions.
B It gives money to young people.
C It helps young people do sport.
(3) _ far away. The events are
Where do most games happen? held in the streets and people play sports
A inside (4) _ basketball, football and
B outside tennis. Street Games believes allyoung people
(5) _ have the chance to play
C inside and outside
sports, and that children who do sport can live
healthier lives. You don't (6) _ to
i be good at sports, so why don't we try it out?
1

]:rY:]PFE:Jq]ff4:.et *,.-"=j

Find out about the sports that young people played l

in the streets in your country in the past. Are they

today?
.

similar to the sports of ;

I

:
á§lf}'iir
§§;i! Write F (formal) or I (informal) next to the
words and phrases, as in the example.
§xa*rple Dear I Hi I
*$& 1
:
I suggest we ...
\É¡: 2 How about ...
3 Can't wait to ...
4 I wouid like to thank you for ...
5 See you soon
6 Love
7 I am looking forward to ...
8 Yours sincerely,
9 Thanks a lot for ...
10 Best wishes

L.i§§§ In pairs, ansu/er the questions. §§;§ Read the email from Chris to his English
What sports do you do at your school: friend Sam. Then ansuTer the questions.
. in the winter?
. in the summer? "i-
f¡*ir¡: Chris
2 Do boys and girls do sports together or separately? 'i"¡.:;
Sam
3 How many hours a week do you do sport?

Hi Sam,
EH&F-q Thanks for your email. My school is really cooll
We play football, cricket, hockey and basketball and do
trffr'át§arg Es-* *pr Éwr§*'rffitffi * styá# athletics at school. Yes, everyone's got to do at least one
. ] When you write an email to a friend or family sport each term!We often go to the park to do sports when
member, use informal language, for example, the weather is good, but when it ralns we use the gym.
Hello!, Hi, See you soon, Write soon, Bye. Write soon,
,-J ln informal writing we can use contractions, for Ch ris

example, lh, he can't, we've got, they didn't.

'i,.'' We often also use more exclamation marks than 1 What sports does Chris have at his school?
we do in formal writing, for example, l've got a 2 How many sports do you have to play each term?
great idea! 3 When do they go to the park?
4 What do they do when it rains?
ii§§.}.i3 Write the contractions of the words in bold
in each sentence.
t§*1.'n¡
.*§tii;.*i Find examples of informal style in the
email in Exercise 4. Write them in the
I would like to learn how to play golf next year. correct place below.
,; ¡
f{4
L informal words or phrases
S"O, nm *", , pair of trainers.
"ew
3 They will start playing baseball in May 2 a contraction

4 Those two teams were not good enough to win

the competition
5 He did not score any goals in the match ."*eJ oU.-rt- ''. '-
' =., - .

6 Who is the new plaver in the cricket team?

In the exam, you can invent details in your emails -
what you write doesn't have to be true.
I am exci ted because my team is Use your imagination and use a variety of
urnningl adjectives to make your email interesting to read.
8 We have trained reallv hard thi"s winter. Remember that your email should be short. You
only need to write one paragraph of 25 words
of more.
 w
§g
§ffi*
§w*

Look at this exam task. What information do you need to include in your email?
Choose the correct answers.

You want to join your English friend Lee's tennis club this summer
Write an email to Lee.

In your email:
. tell Lee you have all the kit
. say your dad will give you the money
r ask Lee how often they practise.

Write 25 words or more.

I the clothes he has / the clothes he needs to buy

2 the person who will give you the money / how much the club costs
3 the amount of time / the places where they practise

ffi ffi§mm Plan your email. Use the table to help you.

Details My notes
First line use informal language ro
greet the person you are
writing to

Point 1 TeII

Point 2 say

Point 3 Ask

Last line use informal language to

say goodbye

ffi WE*§e* Write your email to Lee in an appropriate style. Write 25 words or more.

ffi ffifue€ffq Before you hand in your email, complete this checklist.
wffiffiffiffiffis§ ce{fficK

ffi co*plete the conversation using the correct form of wilt or going to.
Simona: What (1) you do in the summer holidays?
Martin: I (2) stay with my cousins in France for two weeks.
After that,I (3) visit my grandparents. (4)
you go on holiday?
No, I'm not. I (5) study English at a summer school in
-
London. But I need to pass an exam first.
Martin: You're one of the best students in the class. I'm sure you (6)
pass.
Simona: I hope so. I have to go now I (7) do my history homework
in the library
Martin: I'm really bad at history (8) you help me?
Simona: oK.I (e) help you find the information you need, but
r (10) tell you the answers.
Martin: That's great. Thanks a lot.

ffi Crroose the correct answers (A, B or C).

What do I need to play tennis? Who won the race?
A It's a good idea. A Not at the moment.
B A racket and some trainers. B It doesn't take long.
C Don't forget your bat and ball. C I don't know: Thev're still running. h

I want to take an English course in September. I'm going to enter this competition. fi

il
A You should speak to my teaeher. He's great. A I hope you win.
B I don't think so. B You don't have to run.
C Can you help me? C Wait until it finishes.
Have you seen my dictionary?
A I have to go.
B It's on the bookshelf.
C It's after iunch.

ffi Cnoose the correct modal verb to complete each sentence.

1 My sister could / may / should play tennis when she was five.
2 My cousin can't / couldn't / shouldn't read or write until he was eight.
3 I can / have to / may need your heip with my homework, but I'm not sure yet.
4 You can't / needn't / couldn't use your mobiie phone during the exam. Leave it in
your bag.
5 You don't have to / should / rnay wear a coat to school because it might be cold later on
6 In football, only goalkeeper doesn't have to / has to / can touch the ball with their hands.
7 You have to / shouldn't / couldn't eat too much before you do sport.
8 The runners don't have to / can / shouldn't stop for watel but it's a good idea.
9 You can / needn't / have to use a dictionary during French lessons if you want to
find a word.
1O Everyone could / rrl'ay / has to wear a swimsuit in the pooI.
11 You can / may / d.on't have to go to school in the holidays.
12 Irnay / couldn't / can't come to the match on Saturda5l but at the moment I don't know
I'11 tell you tomorrow:
.ffi Co*plete the blog post with one word in each gap.

|'m?azNevado,l,m14yearsold,l,mfromSpain(1)-llovespot1.l(2)
tennis three times a week and l'm also in the school team. Every year, we enter a big competition
(3)-May.Thisyear,it,S(4)-tobeinMadrid.Wehave(5)-
practisealot(6)Wegotothecompetition.We,veneVerWonit,(7)-|ast
yearWecamesecond.|t,sgreatfunandla|ways(8)-lotsofnewfriendsthere.lalso
love swimming. I can't swim very often (9) there isn't a pool in my town. Every summer,
we (10) to the beach and I swim in the sea. I love itl

119-i
ffiffi Co-p1ete the sentences with the verbs in the box.
climb I do I eo I make I ride I take I throw I win

1Whenyou,Ieatschoo],youneedto-homeworkeverynight.
2It,srea11yusefu]to-noteswhentheteacherista1king.
3 Cora wants to a really high mountain when she is older.
4 Who do you think will the 10,000-metre race at the Olympics?
5 Lots of young peopie to university when they're 18.
6 Don't the ball into the road. It's dangerous.
7It,soKto-mistakeswhenyou,re1earningsomethingnew.
8Idrea1Iy1iketo1earnhowto-ahorsenextyeaf.

ffi neaa the descriptions about sports. What is the word for each one?
The first letter is already there.
1 T\vo or four people play this game with a ball and rackets t
2 You hit a ball with a bat in this English summer game. C

3 Moving through water. S

4 You hit a ball with your hands in this team game. v

5 Riding a board on the sea. S

Total score

"**_.t_,_§**
I HH*9*.É fss* c_ L5
*--n*i**"*-#.*---
i-"
EE*k tfrt* sÉ!*qs3átt*Btc5 tÉ=;:9 eE* Ers-¡* $*r td*{á" É:*H&#$r= tfu* skEIls ir* Éfu* uneÉÉ Ef y*a.: Fr#*d p*qsr* fu**g}.
I can ... Unit/page
i- l aevetop strategies to answer the question ln multiple-choice activities UnitT p70
i-, i tfrint< about the missing information I need to listen for UnitT p74
I I talk about the future and make pred.ictions
"i
Uníf 7 p76
i identify commonly confused words Unít7 p77
I- i ,r" adjectives in a story Unit 7 p78
I j tna ideas that mean the same in the text Unit 8 p80
, , iirt"r, for important information Unit 8 p84
l- I glve opinions in a discussion Unit 8 p86
i- i use modal verbs Unit 8 p87
r*- I write an email using an informal style Unit 8 p88
 I

!
\
* ,,&

w |:s.$a,
ffir*..

In pairs or as a group, answer the questions. ¡11al.;.,:: ltrtch each sentence with a logical
1 What is the weather like today? conclusion, a or b.
2 What is the weather like in January April, July 1" The sun is shining this morning.
and October in your country? a) It's usually warm here in May
What is your favourite time of the year? Why? b) It's going to be a warm day.
2 There was ice on the ground,
a) It was difficult to walk without falling over.
b) It was on the roads and on the grass.
3 A thunderstorm woke me up last night.
a) It was very loud.
b) There was a lot of rain.

Read the blog posts on page 93 quickly and

tick the events that are mentioned.
f,:: l¡i,& É"4 . s¡i:l i. 9."
1 a very hot day in a cold country tr
2 a bad snowstorm tr
-= ?- :'.,1:.i : :,é f + rtr i +; n E I :,r 3 foggy weather tr
u
=

, Sometlmes, if the answer isn't immediately clear, 4 a sudden storm

it helps to think logically about the information 5 moving ice tr
given in a text.
.: For example, if you read in a text Ihe weather in the
6 thunder and iLghrlrng tr
area isn't good, it's logical to say that People spend
a lot of time indoors there.

92
 Joe
lon
Mox My villoge is neor o loke ond, o
but lf you go soiling ofien, be coreful!
Do you like snow? do' I
few winters ogo, something verY
One Soiurdoy, it wos worm ond
sometimes it con couse Problemsl dongerous hoPPened : strong
uP'there sunny, so my fomily decided
One morning when lwoke to winds begon to slowlY Push
cor ond go out in our boot. We spent the
wos snow. lt covered our the ice on ihe loke towords the
the snow' morning soiling,Then we stopped
ihe gorden. Becouse of villogel Nothing could stop it.The
*. ti"r" without electricitY' ond it of o beoch to hove lunch. But very
quickly, it become windy
ice went into PeoPle's houses,
house'
wos dork ond cold ln the ond dork covered the roods ond moved
bui os clouds covered the sky.Then
For me, it wos on odventure' their cors. PeoPle were ofroid, but
worried We the siorm siorted. lt wosn,t sofe to
mY Porenis were very luckily nobodY wos hurt.lt wos
three doYs' soil, so we woited in the roin
couldn't go outside for
;!'
until ii the strongest thing l've ever seen.
I would it finished. We were lucky thoi J:
Now thot l'm older' I think we lf it hoppens ogoin,l'llfilm it ond
ogoin' weren't of seo when it hoppenedl
be scored if it hoPPened put ii on YouTubel

lrr. .,i ::..,r_i. ,: _,..,r¡.,._i.,_,,--,...., .í .it:. .. i

For each question, underline the key idea.Then scan

the text looking for similar idea(s).
S&i§ Match the definitions (a-h) to the highlighted
Look out for similar words in the question and the words in the article (1-8).
text. For example, ltwas cloudlt is the same asThe sky
7 village _ a water that is below 0' C
was orev.
2 finish b to think and feel unhappy
* The answer to the question may be a logical about bad things that could
conclusion. For example, if the questionis Who
3 worried _ happen
spends a lot of time outdoors? a Iogical statement in 4 clouds _ c a very small town in the
the text would be l'm always at the beach. 5 covered _
countryside
6 dangerous _ white or grey things in the
,...",' .,.i.. I Read the blog posts again. For each 7 ice _ sky which are made of water
question, choose the correct answer. 8 Iake _ e to come to an end
f the opposite of safe
Max Ian Joe
b a large area of water
Who says what happened to the
weather was very unusual? A B C h was on top of something so
2 Who got wet during a storm? A B C that thing can't be seen
3 Who had to stay in his house
because the weather was bad? A B C
4 Who gives advice about an activity? A B C T${isl!{ §*§il&ft{h* : (u¡-luRE ; LÉd.it¡.ü i ¡.¡[
5 Who says it was dark indoors? A B C
6 Who describes how the weather Find out about some unusual weather that has
came indoors? A happened in your country. Make a poster about it.
Who was enjoying himself before
the bad weather began? A B
 ffirmremmr ¡r: e*r:t*xt ffi cr,oose the correct words to complete the
Find the sentences in the text on page 93 and then first conditional sentences.
answer the questions If it rains / will rain this afternoon,T don't /
7 lfyou go sailing often, be careful! won't go and play footbali in the park.
2 If it happens again,I'll film it and put it onYouTilbe! If the weather gets / will get very cold tonight,
some of the flowers in our garden will die / die.
Which sentence talks about:
There isn't / won't be anv cars on the road if it
a) something that is a fact or is always true? snows / will snow a lot later.
b) something that is possible in the future? - Will / Do you come with me if I will go / go out
- to make a snowman?
If you go / will go out in this cold weather, you
need / will need a warm jacket.
Zero conditional We are not / won't go out if there is / will be a
e We use present tenses in both parts of the storm tonight.
sentence: tf the weather is bad, he stays at home.
Complete the article using the correct
* We use the zero conditional to talk about things
form (present simple or will) of the verbs
that are true and scientific f acts: lf you heat water
in brackets.
to 100" Celsius, it boils.
First conditional
e We use tf + the present simple in one part of the
sentence and will in the other: lf the weather is SW E E
: good tomorrow, we'll have a barbecue. LJffieHB#r ffi§ffiHBEffi §tr& ffiffiR#ffi#ffi
.i:' Wt .r, you (1) (go) to be¿ tonight, will
:
w We use the first conditional to talk about real,
likely or possible situations in the future: If the "' you take your mobile phone with you? And if you
(2) (keep) it with you, wiil it be near your
weather is bad tomorrow, he'll stoy at home. (be) usually near
bed? If your phone (3)
Note: in zero conditional sentences, /f can be your head during the night, how do you feel in the
changed foWhen with no change in meaning. morning? If you (4) (feel) tired and don't
do weII at school, tfris (5) (not be) unusual
h 5*e Gr**tmtar r*$*rertce, ffi81Ét S, r]fiü* i 12 -
Five teenagers from Denmark found that on nights
- (sleep) with their phones
when they (6)
(think)
-- they can't (7)
near their heads,
very weil at school the next day. They wanted to know
Choose the correct words to
why, so they did an experiment with plants. They grela,'
complete the zero conditional plants in two rooms. In one room there was a wi-fl
sentences. router and in the other room there wasn't. Before they
..... ,"-u*[ If the temperature is / will be below - and mobile phones
started, the girls thought, 'If wi-fi
,,; 1flI 0" Celsius, water changes / will change (8) (be) totally safe, then the plants
.:: (9) (grow) normally.'

+'r,U,U
.Ért
¡}
to ice.
When it is / will be very windY trees After 12 days, they were surprised. The plants near the
$
'¿ii, sometimes will fall / fall down. router didn't grow, and many of them died. But the
.-'ilit I always will feel / feel better when the plants in the other room were healthy and grew wel1.
- (stop) plants from growing
-. fi §i
B sun shines / will shine.
So, if wi-fi (10)
-
""ü
..,n*,,,*'
fi $
tr
If plants don't /won't have enough air
what does it do to us? Because of what these girls did
at school, scientists now want to flnd out.

.
i*fl
:f§li
and water, they don't / won't grow
Do / Will you usually go out for long
' *. JffiÉ
ffi ft walks in the forest when it will snow / -
'
snows?
't§:t When I will have / have a bad cold,
ü
L*-)
,r ,11 §S3 I won't / don't go to school.
,.i iffi
r,,@<*

;ffiu
qr
r'ff,si r +*íti|l,t**¡*Ei+,ql I
!
n¡¡
\!¡!*
r.: !
]

iw r
U. .w -rt' Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
o+to..."¡s

What will you do if ...

. it rains all weekend?
. it is sunny tomorrow?
. it snows on Sunday?
Words connected with weather Words + prepositions
and nature ffi (»r.04 Match the flrst part (1-6) of each
sentence with the end (a-f).
ffi (,»r.02 Look at the weather map of Europe
Listen and check.
and choose the correct word to complete
each sentence. Listen and check. 1 The students did experiments
2 It is important
3 The students were good at
4 Scientists v/ant to
5 Summer is the best time
6 They learnt about animals by
a) to visit the beach, because it's sunn¡r,
b) to protect our forests and rivers.
c) to see if wi-fi was dangerous.
d) visiting the zoo.
e) thinking of new science experiments.
f) find out why things happen.

Nouns/adjectives
ffi (,»r.05 Complete the tabte with a noun or
adjective. Listen and check.

L It is warm and foggy / sunny in Madrid.

2 There is snow / sun in Stockholm.
3 It is rainy / sunny in Dublin.
4 It is rainy and windy / surury and windy in Lisbon.
5 There is ice / fog in Berlin.
6 There is ice / are thunderstorms in Prague.
7 It's foggy / cloudy in London.
ffi co*plete the sentences using the correct
(,»r"03 Complete the descriptions with the form of some of the words from Exercise 4.
ffi 1 There are lots of _ in the sky I think
words in the box. Listen and check.
it's going to rain.
I beach I forest I hill ;
2 It was very cold and wet and the path was very
mountain I river I sky
it *_ Lots of people fell down.
..._"-"-:*.. ..*-__t _*_ !

If it's _ tomorrow we will go to

1 A large area of trees and other plants. the beach.
When there is lots of _ , you can't see
2 It is very tall and sometimes there is snow very far.
on the top. A lot of _ fell in the night and now
everything outside is white.
3 It takes water from the mountains to the sea. It was a day and everyone at the
volleyball game got wet.
4 It's by the sea and people go there in the summer.

SAY IT ffif,G§47
The space above you that you see when you
Iook up into the air. Resource centre: IJnit 9
laul and. laul
6 It is smaller than a mountain.
 (,t):.oz For each question, choose the
ffi wort in pairs and answer the questions.
correct picture.
What do you like doing in your free time in
the summer? if
Where does Sophie want to go at the weekend
\trIhat are you going to do in the next summer the weather is good?
holidav? v

reffire
gKILL

Ue¡derstamdñmg t§te ÉPéeker§' qErestñ$a§

G lt is important to understand exactly what the
speakers mean when they ask a question. ABC
G When the speakers agree or disagree with What's the weather like todaY?
someone, they don't always say yes or no.

rereffi
G Listen carefully to the words the speakers use and
try to decide exactly what they mean.

ffi ('r,"06 Listen to five short conversations' BC

A
Are the answers yes, no or don't know? Tick
the correct box for each conversation (1-5)' Which place is the boy not going to visit this summer?

ffiMffi
iy"r loo ig.d1!ryY-

A B C

ti What's the weather going to be like here tomorrow

ii
il afternoon?
l
ffi Co*plete the conversations with the words

ffiry-# r--re
l

rew M
;
l in the box.

i" ,d";TI
l__-. *
;;yÑ
---:
I *,uf-f '",""1
A:Do you want to go skiing next winter?
B: Good ! I love skiing' AB C

A: I'm going to the lake on Sunda¡r Can you come? Which season does the girl like the best?
B: I'm not
coming to visit me.
I think rr»¡ cousins are

A: Do you want to go horse-riding in the forest?

ffi
HreW{
1ffiYffi,?&xl
B: Not . It's too cold todaY
-. like to go to the countryside on
A:Would you IH"W C
SaturdaY?
B: But I need to ask mY mum first'

ffi ('»,'07 Listen again and checkyour answers'

-.
3-option nnultiple choice (pictures)
* When you choose the correct picture, you may
need to listen for numbers, descriptions or the
correct word for something. What are the most popular free-time activities for
o Be careful. Sometimes you will hear more than one young people in the winter in your country?
possible answer.
c When you listen again, check that the picture you
chose is correct.
 Look at these sentences from the audio in the listening
lesson and answer the questions. We use /f + past simple in one part of the
t If it was sunny, I would go to the beach tod.ay. second conditional, and would in the other
parl: lf my brother were here right now, he
a) Is it sunny?
would know what to do.
b) Is the speaker going to the beach today?
We use the second conditional to talk about
2 We'd go to the beach in Spain if we had more money,
unlikely or impossible situations now, generally
a) Is the speaker going to the beach in Spain?
or in the future: lf I lived in Engtand, td eot fish
b) Does the speaker have a 1ot of money? .--- and chips every day.
3 If I didn't have a guitar lesson at 1 o,clock, I,d" come Note: we use were for the first and third person
with you.
singular in second conditional sentences usinq
a) Does the speaker have a guitar lesson at 1 o,clock?
the verb to be: tf t were you, I d stay at home uniil
the rain stops.
b) Can the speaker go with his friends at 1 o,clock?

{¡!;¡¡ Cfroose the correct word to complete

:;,1,.1 Complete the text by making second
the sentences. conditional sentences using the correct
I If there is / was lots of snow outside, we would form of the verbs in the box.
go skiing in the mountains.
2 If there \7yere no rivers, we won,t / wouldn,t b:l be able to I can I do I not have I wash
have fresh water to drink.
3 If the grass won,t / didn,t grow in spring, the
cows in the field wouldn't have any food.
4 If it wasn't warm and sunny in the summel
will / would the fruit grow on the trees? V\tren you wake up in the morning, what do you usually do?
Perhaps you turn on the light and have a warm shower.
5 If there are / were no peopie, what would the
But what do you think you would (1) _--.-- if you
world be like?
didn't have electricity? How woulcl you (2) .- ff
:§ii§ Complete the second conditional you (3) hot water to use? Well, rf you wanted
sentences
using the correct form of the verbs in to know, you (4) always ask 16_year-old Zek
Basan. Zelo lives by hrmself tn a forest on the island of Skye,
brackets.
near Scotland.
1 If he (can) travel into space Zekl is a student at the Schooi ofAdventure Studtes on Skye
he (visit) the moon. and he decided to live in a tent tn the forest to learn more
2 If Harry (not oum) a bike, about [fe in the countryside. He gets up at six every morning
he (not cycle) to school and and lights the flre. If he didn't have a fire, he wouldn,t
back every da¡r (5)_.-- cook food or keep warm. He washes his
3 Would you ___*-_-- (go) swimming every clothes in the dver. He doesn't use the intemet and can,t
day if you (live) bv the beach? watchTV
4 If they (have) a lot of mone)¿ If he lived in a normal house, his llfe (6) _*--- a lot
they ___.___--- @uy) a big house. easier. But out here in the forest, Zeki loves the fiesh air. the
5 If everyone highland cows and livÍng close to nature.
(stop) driving cars,
the air (be) cleaner.
'W'ork
in pairs. Complete the second
conditional sentences using your own ideas.
1 If I owned a plane, I

2 If I were famous, I

3 If I lived in a forest, I

4 If I were good at singing, I lf you lived in a forest by yourself, what would you eat
and drink? Do you think you would be happy?
5 If I could live anlryyhere, I

) Workbook Unit 9: Grammar 2. oaoe 71. exerriscs 1

 tñj Watch the Talk2Me video and
answer the questions.
1 Who has a French exchange partner? ffi (»r.08 Listen again and write down the
2 Where does Anouk live?
examples each student gives.
3 Why are the twins excited at the end?
Student 1
Student 2
@ Wrt.fr the video again. Underline the Student 3
phrases in the Phrase expert box that you
hear on the video. Student 4

PI.{RASE EXPERT ffi (,»r.09 Listen to another student.Write

doum the topic, the examples given and
I Iive in a village/town/city.! ln my... there is/ the phrase used to correct a mistake.
are ... ! It's a (beautiful/fun/quiet) place to live. Topic:
The thing I like the most/least about ... is ...
Examples:
Correction phrase:
ffi worn in pairs and answer the questions.
What's your
favourite time
of year for the
weather? Why? Q¡¡estioms
Do you travel more s Sometimes you might make a mistake when you
in the summer or are speaking, especially in a long response.
the winter? Why?
o Use phrases such as Sorry, I mean ..., Sorry, l'll say
What do you enjoy that again., or No, that's wrong. I mean/meant ...
eating on a hot
to show that you know you made a mistake and
day? \47hy?
want to correct it.
c These phrases show the examiner your
understanding of language and this gives you
another chance to get it right.

V
§K&tr§ §KEtt Spend one minute planning your answers
for the topics (1-3) below. Then, in pairs,
?añkimg abmut a ÉepE( take turns to talk about the topics.
G Sometimes we need to give a longer answer to a
question. To ask someone to give more information Tell me something about the place where you live.
on a topic, we can say:Tell me something about...
O To add information you can include examples from Tell me something about your friends.
your daily life and say what you like or what your
interests are. Tell me something about your family
C To give an example, you can use phrases such as I

For example, Such as ..., Let me give you an example,

An example is ...

ffi (,»r.08 Listen to four students and match

each one to a topic. There is one extra topic Find out what the weather is like today in the
you do not need. following cities:
Bangkok, Buenos Aires, London, Melbourne, Oslo
and Tokyo.
t
t-*r,
J- V4d *.1"-* )ga+tfutif*,í..
"*,,,i*i
t..ur i ¡.l _ rl.¡,r.i¡¡
u,¡v¡Li
rI -.=c
:.Íua"-§

There are different places where you may

find a gap in a conditional sentence. For
example, the gap for if can be at the start of
the sentence or in the middle e.g. l'll arrive at
6pm _the train is on time. or _the train is on
time, l'll arrive at 6pm.
The verb that is missing can also come in
ffi Wort< in pairs and answer the questions.
the first or second part ofthe sentence. For
1 Would you like to live in the mountains? \AIhy / Why not?
example, I w/,u{Cgo out if I had time. or
2 Do you like going to the countryside? Why / Why not? lwould go out if t la,1 time.
Remember to look at both parts of the
conditional sentence and think about how
likely the situation is before choosing the
Ed**E*$y**ffi {#ffid*É##B'ee§ $**t*É3{#5 i answer (A-C).
.-1 We use different types of conditional sentences to
express different things.
For each question, choose the correct
'i When we use present tenses, we say something true, answer.
for example, lf you heat water, it boils.
i -i When we use present and future tenses, we say
Is the weather good for you?
something will probably happen, for example, lf you go
to school late, you will get into trouble. Many people complain about the weather
and how it makes them feel. They may be
use the past tense and would we say
'.] When we (1) _ ! There is a lot of research
something is less possible or impossible, for example,
lf I had a lot of money, lwould travel the woild.
which shows the different (2) _ that
!
the weather can change how we feel. For
example, it is very (3) _ for people to get
ffi Urt.h the first part of each sentence (1-5) headaches. especially in hot weather. Traffic
with the end (a-e). and factories are also a (4) _. If there is
1 If we lived near the beach, _ no wind, the bad air stays in the city or town
2 They will be compietely out of breath _ and this can make it hard for some people to
3 We could live by the beach _ breathe. Another example is when it's cold
or wet, then more people will (5) _ colds.
4 If the train is crowded,
In fact, it seems most people (6) _ that the
5 I wouldn't spend all my pocket money _
weather changes how they feel and many of
a) if your father didn't work in the cit¡r us are happier when it is sunny
b) if I didn't love sweets and chocolates. 1A real B true C right
c) we would go swimming every day. 2A ways B types C sorts
d) you can never get on it. 3A correct B normal C sure
e) if they try to climb the hill. 4A question B problem C puzzle
5A catch B become C receive
ffi I" pairs, say if the sentences in Exercise 2 are 6A explain B achieve C find
F (fact), L (likely) or U (unlikely). Give reasons
for your answers,

ffi Co*plete the sentences with the correct word. ':;

n.\

1 I'11 be very surprised _ he passes the exam.

i_i
2 If we don't buy the concert tickets now they Yi{i}ii'{ iifiH$q-4üfht:,l .{:,#{-f ffi's- il, l".flrf"U
i &*[ 1n--.*r' ;
seII out.
What is the worst weather you have -dffi*,
_ I definitely like to live in Canada if I
could go skiing every day! ever been in? Write a few sentences ffi
////
then tell your partner.
4 If you _ decide quickly I'm going to leave //// //
5 If there clouds, it always rains in the ////t //

afternoon.
 fl ," pairs or as a group, answer the
questions.
Have you been on a trip with your friends?
Did you enjoy it? Why /Why not?
'W'ould you prefer
a trip to the countryside or
the beach? Why?
Have your plans ever been affected by the
weather? Ylhat happened?

§KÍL¡-
ffi neaa the email and notes in Exercise 3 again
ffixpress§ng pre$sreffi (e§ and complete the sentences.
,^\
| -, C^*^+imn. rrnr ¡ r¡¡vifa +n : frianrl
VVIlEll yUU WIILE LU O lllsllU,
J(JIIIeUIIIe> '^,h^^
.,a,
yvu ' naad
rrEsu t A '^'^; ^ +Li-I--
AIIIIIC TIIIITAJ
+L ^ +r;h
LIIE LT IP

to reply to a question about what you prefer to do. 2 Annie must choose between
For example, I prefer to spend sunny doys outdoors, 3 She must say which day and wh¡:
I think ... is better, I like ... more.
4 She must decide what she
G When you express a preference for something,
explain why you prefer it. For example, lprefer ffi nea¿Annie's reply and answer questions 1-4.
staying at home in the winter because I don't like Underline the parts of Annie's email where
cold weather. she explains the following opinions and
preferences.
1 Why it's a good idea for the class to go on a trip.
W§ neaA the dialogues and then choose the
2 Why she would prefer to go to the beach.
correct words to complete the sentences.
A:Do you prefer summer or winter?
3 Why they should go on their trip during the week
B: I prefer winter trecause I love skiing in the
4 lIlhy a picnic is a good idea.
mountains.
A: Would you prefer to go swimming or to walk in
the countryside?
B: It's hot today so Id prefer to go swimming.
1 We use prefer / would prefer to talk generally
about what we like and what we want.
2 We use prefer / would prefer when we are
talking about something more specific.
That's the best way to end the year!

ffi neaa the teacher's email and the notes The weather is usually very nice in June, so l'd prefer to go to
Annie has made on it. Discuss in pairs the beach. We could swim and play games there.
what you think Annie's notes mean. Lots of people go to the beach at the weekend, so it's always
very crowded then. Thatt why I think we should go during
the week.
I think a picnic is a good idea. Then everyone could bring

different dishes to share. I think it'd be great funl

l'm really looking forward to the tripl
Dear Class, : Annie
.l L-"ao"o.,n*r,,n_o."..**.. ?r*:t.=.=:=!-.Er:rr:¡r*:.!:a4ry,+J¡ia9':-
i ltt time to think about our end-of-year + f:
i trip next month. ::
ñI
v

Brilliont! --'1-
i The weather will be warm, so we could * I
i either go to the beach or to the countryside. An email
Where would to go?

Which day should we our trip?

o ln the examr you must respond to each note in your
email. lf you don't, you'll lose marks.

for lunch?
o Respond to the notes in the same order as they
appear in the email you read.
Reply byThursday! Tell Mrs
c Use a different paragraph in your email for each
i Diana Smith Smith
note you respond to.
§ Your email must be about 100 words or more.

:l$o:,,
 i:
ii
i¡
t!:

Look at the exam task below. Tick the things that John asks about.

Read this email from your English friend John, and the notes you have made

H¡, li

i
l
My parents say I can come on the summerlamp. Are you?
ir
I The website says we can sleep in beds or in a tent. Which would you prefer? Explain..
i
i,i
I think it will be cold in the evening. What should we brino to stav warm?

I Snall we take the train to the camp or should we catch the bus? Which do -------------;_-- Suggest ...
i you think is better?
lellJonn .--"...-.-..-._see
you on saturday, t;
:
t:
I John
l

Write your email to John using all the notes.

I

Tohn asks about

¡ the best way to get to the camp tr . what clothes to take tr
. the time to meet T . where to sleep tr
o the weather tr . how you feel about going on the trip T
W ffi§am Plan your email. Use the table to help you.

Useful language . My notes

First line
ft; ...,

Question 1 ks. itiSainly l,¡ fu.../ lh¿li .

Question 2 / tl orei'cr ...

¡lt I
Question 3 lrttue?"t)/ot,/d...
',

Question 4 / lhtrk ...

Last line Src vou socn.

ffi YdC'§e* Write your email to John in an appropriate style. Write about 100 words.
ffi§ C**dk Before you hand in your email, complete this checklist.
 ," pairs or as a group, answer the questions. ffi neaa the texts and use your own word's to
ffi complete both sentences about the general
1 When was the last time You felt ill?
message.
2 What did you do?
@
3 Do you usually take medicine when you're ill? ffi.,," . e.t'rp,v^e^)o-oe -ora Do^- u lo,o' a

Do you do anything else? pizzafor dinner. Cook something healthy, there's food
Y in the lridgel Love l\4um

$ E{EL il
a Ivan must
b Ivan mustn't
#*c&d§reg É*ee gem*re§ ffi§#sseff*
.] Short messages like emails, not¡ces and text ffi Vo, must see a nurse before you leave the hospital.
messages, often give people instructions, that is, l-ia,,=a,,:,:,=traa,=a=,tt ;r=,-::::::::::;r::::t:::'i::t:::;::.::tt::1;;;i::t:;:r:::::::_:;:::::::::i
they tell or ask them to do something. a Don't go home before
r ] Read the text and decide what the general b You mustn't leave the hosPital if
message is. For example, does it ask someone to first.
do something? Does it tell someone what (not)
to do?

3-opt§om r"fis§t;$3¡c e ito*ee (shsrt texts)

ffi f,oot at the phrases and decide if they * We often use modals and imperatives to give
are used to A (ask) or T (tell) people to do instruct¡ons, for example, Could you ..., Will you...,
something. You should...,You must/mustn't .. ', Don't go ...,
L You should Check the website .. ., etc.

2 Could you e Decide what the meaning of the message is before

3 Don't choosing your answer.
4 Canyou...? * Often the correct answer will say the same thing as
the message, but in a different waY.
-
102
 {rt):.rO Read the notices and short messages. For each question, choose the correct answer.

ffi
rw
H'¡¿.
loca'horpiLa. has t¿o hrst a.o cou
D:d yo-
^row tn¿'tre ses
for six months? l'm interested. Are you? Let me know.
Cathy
A Students should call the school to tell them
why they will miss school.
What should Joe do?
B Parents need to let the school know when A look for information about the course
their child won't be in class.
B tell Cathy if he wants to join her on the course
C Parents should contact the school before
their child returns to school. C find out from the hospital when the
course starts

§, Frore:?"1
ffi. l=w. á-ffi:';-;;;;;ffi
. Anna I ;
L
€&:
ff;roe':: Meg
iio, il;ti;*-**'"**.-.**i i
:
:

t --**
- * -**-**** r¡
:rL-l
1o: I Lorna

I l've just remembered I have an appointment today. li i, '

I Can we go to the cinema at B instead of 6? :;

=
i can't swim this Saturday. l've already missed so
L --F-j.,,-.-.,?,.:ar-.,j,,-.j. ..-",.."=......-..=":i I
$ i
A Anna wants to change their plans. many races this yearl

B Anna has decided not to watch the film.

C Anna is inviting Julie to the cinema.
What does Meg want to do?
ffi Be-. A take part in a sports event
Tina has been in hosoital since Saturdav. Let's visit her
ard buy her ¿ p'esenr. Have yo r gor an; deasl
B see a doctor about her eyes
Qoh C watch the next swimming race

What should Ben do?

A take Rob to the hospital on Saturday
ffi Write a highlighted word from the text
to match each definition.
B tell Rob about the gift he has bought Tina
Iexamined someone/something to make sure
C say what they should get for Tina everything is as it should be
2 in the area where you live
3 communicate with someone to tell them
something
an arrangement to meet someone at an
A Anyone can enter this competition. agreed time
B This competition is for people who are healthy 5 healthy and strong
C The competition will be easy 6 unhappy because something you don't like
has happened to you
%.
e'e1r
t=i §ffi:
Complete the sentences using the present
Find the sentences in the texts on page 103 and perfect simple form of the verbs in brackets
then answer the questions. and choose the correct word.
lt
ll
1 ... the local hospital has had first-aid courses for six 1I (not / see) the doctor about
months? the pain in mv legs since / yet.
i
l
l 2 I've just remembered I have an appointment today. 2 How tong you (have)
3 Tina has been in hospital since Saturday. toothache for / since?
4 I've already missed so many races this year! Dad_just/yet
5 Have you entered the race yet? (hurt) his back.

Which sentence (1-5) talks about

The children
- - (not eat) anything
for / since 7 o'clock this morning.
I

a) when something started? 5 The nurse already / yet

I

b) a length of time? _ - (take) my temperature.

c) something that has happened at that same
I moment? _ l§:;;,¡i Complete the article with the correct
d) something that has not happened up to now? present perfect form of the verbs in
-
e) something that has happened before this time brackets. If there is no verb, use already,
- for, just, since or yet.
EE -
E§
EÉ

We use fcr to talk about a period of time.

We use since fo talk about when something
started in the past.
I We use already fotalk about something that
has happened earlier. Already can go between ''i'
ri r..
I have/has and the main verb, or at the end of illl
,§li1
i
the sentence.

happened a short time ago. Jusf goes between l

have/has and the main verb.
We useyetwith negative sentences and questions,
to talk/ask about'any time up to nowi Yef usually you've been on a bike ride with your
friends'
lmagine this -
(fatt) and hit their head'
goes at the end of the sentence. Uu, án. of them (r) -----..--------..--
vou (r) (Phone) for an ambutance
i;; -' it (4) (not arrive)

it;-. --but woutd you l<now what to do next?

Kent a few weeks ago
Something til<e this happened to Lity
l¡i§ Complete the sentences with the words in cycling' Her friend' Annie' fett and hurt
*f'.n ,f't.-*ut out
the box. r',.ir.*, but Lity (6) (be) on a first-aid course'
phoned for an ambuta- -
,á ,f''lJtn.* exactty wfrat to do' She
I already (x2) | for I just I since (x2) | yet (x2) ánd then sat with Annie and hetd
her hand white they waite:
Lily was there.
ior trerp to arrive. Annie felt safe l<nowing
1 Can you help me, please? I've _ hurt
()
my hand. Annie is fine now, but the accident
'l've wanted to tearn about first a :
2 Have you seen the doctor f''lur ri"*, about first aid'
tel .=-=.- a long time' but (g) "' the
3 Sara's had a headache last night. said Annie'
accident, l've been even more interested"
4 I've _ taken some medicine todav so ,So l,ve (ro) started a first-aid course - and
I don't need any more until tomorrow. -__- -(chang:
it's reattY interestin g!'
Max hasn't been to the doctor over
a year.
Where's the ambulance? It hasn't arrived

I've had this pain in my stomach _ Tr.ltr{g j ?1y5{*.=a* : i1}-**.tr } r"s.eftF¡i i.e,:
Erida¡r so maybe I should see the doctor.
He's _ been to the dentist twice, but Write a sentence about a time when you've recently
his tooth is still sore. hurt yourself and needed help.
Wmrds {&üim*üted w§t§: $xcsf*Ér Words + pr€pesü*§msss
ffi {1,1.: 1i
Write the names for the different ffi r,.l'i: .l:: f6¡¡lplsfe the sentences. Choose the
parts of the body. Use the words in the box. best word (4, B or C) for each gap. Listen
Listen and check. and check.
1 I had a bad pain _ my foot this morning.
i ankle I arm I back I ear I eye I face
i finger I foot I hand I knee I leg
;
A with B for Cin
i neck I nose I stomach I throat ;
2 Ashley has a problem _ his stomach so he
can't eat bread.
A for B with Cto
3 This is a hospital _ children and babies.
A with B for Cto
4 Sitting down all day can be a danger _ your
health.
Ato Bin C \¡¡ith
5 I d like an appointment _ the doctot please.
A for B with Cto
6 Have you got any medicine _ a bad cold?
A with Bin C for
What's the matter _ you?
A with B in C for
I hope to do a course _ nursing
Aof Bin Cat

em§§weatis¡trs w§tfu vsrh§

ffi ,. j,i3 t: Match the nouns (a-f) to the verbs
(1-6) to make expressions about health.
Listen and check.
L take a) your leg
2 make b) iIl/better
3 break c) a cold
4 brush d) an appointment
5 catch e) your temperature
ffi Cfroose the correct word. or phrase to 6 feel f) your teeth
complete each sentence.
1 If I eat too quickly I usually get neck / stomach ffi Co*plete the sentences using the correct
ache. form of the expressions from Exercise 4.
2 Sarah has hurt her ankle / eye and now she 1I from one of my friends at
can't walk. school and had to stay in bed for two days.
3 I hurt my face / foot when I kicked the ball 2 Jack couldn't walk for eight weeks after he
during the football match. during a skiing holiday
4 Alex can't talk because he has a problem with his last year.
finger / throat. 3 Have you to see the doctor yet?
My mum has hurt her neck / nose and she can't 4 Your head feels very warm. I think I need to
move her head very well.
to see ifyou are i11.
If you can't read the board, maybe you should get 5 It's important to every mornlng
your ears / eyes checked.
and evening so they are clean and healthli
f've run 10 kilometres and now my fingers / 6 Ifyou at school, you should tell
knees hurt. the school nurse.
Arthur threw the ball so fast that it hurt Dan's
foot / hand when he caught it.
 (r)):.rs For each question, choose the
correct answer.

You will hear two friends talking about

u
their plans.
What do they decide to do at the weekend?
:l
A play tennis
: B watch football
ar
*
C go swimming
You will hear a boy, Sam, talking to his football
coach about his health.
ffi WorL in pairs and do the following: What mustn't Sam do?
Make a list of all the health problems you can A He mustn't play sports for a week.
think of. B He mustn't take medicine.
Look at the list together and decide which health C He mustn't eat sugar.
problems you should go to hospital for.
You will hear a father talking to his daughter,
v Sarah.
HHA IW st{l¡-L What is Sarah's dad asking her to do?
A clean her room
ldentlfyinS ñffi (#rre(t emsw*r§
B help her mother
3 Sometimes the speaker says something that looks
C look after her pet
very similar to an answer opt¡on. This doesn't
mean the answer option is correct unless it means
You will hear two friends talking about their
friend David.
exactly the same as what you hear.
How did Anna try to help her friend?
C Listen carefully to who says what. An answer may
sound correct, but it may be completely wrong or
A She took him to a concert.
contain only some of the important information. B She wanted to take him to the doctor.
C She gave him some medicine.
You will hear a teacher talking to
!§tr (,rr.14 Listen to four people talking Peter's mother.
about their health and choose the correct Why is the teacher talking to his mum?
answers.
A to discuss his homework
The boy is visiting the doctor because
B to tell her about his health
A his head hurts. B his ear hurts. C to say why he was late
The girl had an accident
A on her way home. B on her way to school.
The boy hurt his ankle when he was
A running. B playing tennis.
&§ (,»r 15 Listen again and check your
answers.
4 The girl is having problems
A seeing. B hearing. m
:,:
3-option multiple choice (monoloEues and , Complete the words and phrases from the audio to :

dialogues)
, show interest or to agree with something.
1 G___
o Read the questions and the answer options carefully
before you listen. 2 Y___, OK

o Remember, just because you hear one or more of

3 ... what a
the words that are written in the answer options, 40h I

it doesn't mean it is a correct answer. For example,

you may hear a teacher say You may choose your
own topics, but checkwith me before you begin your
projects, and the option answer saysThe teacher will
check the students' projectl The words check and
projects are included, but the answer is incorrect.
ffi *"m rcretmr. í s: e*r:t*xt Complete the article using the infinitive or
Look at these sentences from the audio in the -ing form of the verbs in brackets.
listening lesson and answer the questions.
I I offered to take hím to the doctor.
2 ... he hates taking medicine.
3 What do they decide to do at the weekend?
4 I told him to drink lots of water .. .

5 ... he keeps getting ílI.

a) Which verbs are followed by the infinitive?

b) Which verbs are followed by the -ing form?

When we use two verbs in a sentence, there isn't

a rule about whether the second verb is in the
infinitive or ends in -ing.You have to learn the hen we feel ill or have a health problem most of
verb patterns. us decide (1) (visit) a chemist
or doctor. But sometimes the things we have at
i e Common verbs followed by the infinitive are: i
home can help us too.
Il: agree, choose, decide, help, hope, try and want. I

i * Common verbs followed by the -ing form are: i

Do you feel sick when you travel by car or bus? lt happens
iji don't mind, enjoy, keep, spend time and stop. i
to a lot of people. N/any hope (2) (feel)
i ...------.--.-'- ;
better after taking expensive medicines, while other people
it******"-**-"
lp *** #rar:¡rc'¡*a' reÉ*c"*s1*+"u, q-¡§"4ic 3 S, 3rü* i5:i I tust stop (3) (travel) in cars and buses.
--***-*-*._--**-i Before you do that, you might want (4) (trv)
this. Scientists have found that the smell of fresh lemon can
stop you feeling sick. So the next time you travel by car, just
ffiffi Cnoose the correct verb to complete cut a iemon in half and put it under your nose. lt will help you
each sentence. (5) (enjoy) the journey
I My dad decided / enjoyed to do more exercise.
We all know that it's imporlant to exercise regulariy. A lot of
2 The nurses wanted helping / to help my people try (6) (get) fit by running or going
grandmother when she was in hospital. to the gym once or twice a week. This is usually a good
My brother didn't mind / agreed taking the thing. However, it can sometimes be a problem. One
medicine. surprising thing happens to a few people when they stop
PauI hoped / kept to visit his best friend in (7) (run) and take off their shoes
hospital. Smelly feetl lf this happens to you, the solution is to put
Pippa chose / stopped eating unhealthy food your feet in a bowl of warm black tea. There is
when she felt i11. something in the tea that stops the smell.
Yasmin wanted / kept getting stomach aches lf you keep (8) (do) this
when she ate bread. every day for a few weeks, your feet will
smell much nicer!
ffi Co*ptete the sentences using the correct
form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Leo decided (make) an
sÉrY *T ffiEGF$8"
appointment to see the doctor -s
2 Laura stopped (take) the á Resource centre: Unit 10 l
medicine after she felt better, ttt ti:t
I anó. :
3 The students enjoyed (hear) .,-,-"---J
about what the nurses did at work.
4 They wanted (eat) healthier r.;ft¡"rti, .eq*,q4,,,ry,,um.¡,¡,tsg.q¡:*tlii *4
food and do more exerclse.
5 My grandfather didn't mind Write sentences about things ...
(take) the medicine for his stomach problem. . you enjoy doing now to get fit.
The nurse spent time (put on) . you would like to do to be healthier.
a new bandage for me
 fu g watch the TaIk2Me üdeo and.

¿
§ answer the questions. *-§
! 1 How much are the tickets for students? {*:::x:*re
ffiHeffi] sKEü
§ Z Wfrut time is it when their call is answered?
I

;i 3 How many tickets do they buy? I

l
ffiüwüng ye*$rs#$$c$ffi* Ée Éá"rásrk

i '-] Sometimes you may need a little time to think

"Éh*JB /:\
ffi*4 tJ,. Watch the video again. Underline the before you answer.
§ words and phrases in the Phrase expertbox i-] lf you can't think of an answer immediately, use
that you hear on the video.
Er-
! I PHHÁ58 EXPERT
phrases like Let me think, Let me see or Well, ...
to give yourself more tlme to think before
answering.
ti
g j Just a minute, please. ! Let's have a look at ... l

E.¡ : Let me think ... I Let's see ... I Looking at

the information, it says ... i OK. I Weil .
i

ffi a{,rr"'16 Listen again and note d.oum the

Iir_-j i i phrases you hear two of the speakers use to
give themselves time to think.

ffi ( l,
ló Listen to four students answering
questions. Circle opinion or example to
show how they extend their answers.
One student does both.
1 opinion / example

I
2 opinion / example §§seaxss*om
3 opinion / example e ln this part of the test, the examiner will ask you
4 opinion / example and your partner the same questions.
* Listen carefully to what your partner says and try
ffi (,»r.15 Listen again and write douar the not to repeat his/her answer.
expressions which helped you answer
Exercise 3.
a Give yourself time to think and use your own ideas.
lf you have the same opinion as your partner, say
7 something like I agree with ... . I also thinl</prefer ...
2 because... .

3
4
ffi§
--!
I
Take it in turns to ask and answer these
ffi ," pairs, give your opinion on each activit5r I
n""::t:"'
¡
Give an example to support your opinion. I
¡
I Student A to Student B:
, How often do you play sport?
¡
II Which is more important - doing a sport or
¡ eating healthily?
¡
c
I Student B to Student A:
I Do you think it's important to keep fit?
I
I
What do you do to keep heaithy?
¡

Keep a diary in English for a day. Note down

everything you eat and the physical activ¡ties you do.
ffi WorL in pairs. Look at the photos and ffi Co*plete the sentences with the correct
answer the questions. word.
What do you think about the food in these 1 I ve called the ambulance three
two photos? times.
2 Which food would you rather eat? Why? 2 I haven't had a headache over a
3 Do you usually follow a healthy diet? week now
4 Have you ever had stomach ache? 3 vou seen the doctor vet?
4 I've _ the medicine every day for
a week.
5 How long you had backache for?
6 I've eaten a lot of fruit I was small

§pem e§oze
s ln this part of the exam, the missing word could be
a time expression linked to the present perfect.
a Remember:
- we use yet in a negative sentence or a question.
For example, The doctor hasn't arrived yet. / Has the
doctor arrived yet?
- we use already orfusf between have/has and the
§ ffi* tE_ main verb. For example, They have already/just
been to the gym three times this week.
$"§x§r:g §fu* presemÉ per$eaÉ
- we use for or since after have/has and the main
Remember that the present perfect is used to verb. For example, I have known Tim for a lonq
show a link between the present and the past. time / since 2012.
We use it to talk about an unfinished time. For
example, He's been atthe hospital since seven
o'clock. (He went there and he's still there.) For each question, urrite the correct answer.
(} Write ONE word for each gap.
We use the time expressions for, since, already,
just and yet with the present perfect. We use for '- ' 'i
Hi Marry
Have I told you that I went to hospital I

Iast week? I have (1) _ a stomach i

ache every day (2) a week, so last i
Sunday my dad took me to the hospital. The i
doctor asked me what I eat every day and he toldl
me I have to eat healthy food. I haven't had any ,
ffi mrt.h the answers (a-g) to the questions chips or chocolate (3) _ Sunday lt's :

(1-6). There is one extra answer you do very hardl Ive aiready eaten a salad and a lot .

not need. (4) _ fruit today but I'm still hungry.

How long have you eaten a) Yes, but it's still too
I can't wait (5) feel better. I think
a healthy diet for? _ hot to eat.
I'm going to go for a cheese burger then!
2 Where's your iunch? _
Kerry
b) Yes, already
3 Have you made c) For three years.
dinner? _ d) Not yet, he's just
Have you had a stomach left work.
ache for long? _ e) I've already eaten it.
qg.iE,gi:i
Has Dad done the f) Yes, but only once.
shopping? _
g) No, just since this Find out about which types of food are the best and
Have you tried Italian afternoon. worst for your:
food? _ a) stomach b) throat
c) eyes.
 In pairs or groups, answer the questions.
LDo you do anything to keep fit? What do you do?
2 Have you ever hurt yourself while plapng sport?
What happened?
3 Have you ever been in an accident? What happened?
4 Have vou ever broken your arm or leg?
What happened?

Look at the picture story. In pairs or groups,

say what you think the story is.

Read the story about Jason and Ben. Add a

sentence to start and end the story as well
i

E#r*ۃ*g e
as linking words.
###d eatdá*tg
r] After you have written your story, it's a good idea
to finish with a conclusion, that is, a short sentence
that sums it up. For example, lt was the best football They were skateboarding when Jason feIl and
game! hurt his arm.
iJ Ben called an ambulance because
Ask yourself how the people felt at the end of
he was worried.
the story - did they have fun? / was it a great I

day? Then write the last sentence. For example, , the ambulance took Jason to
the hospital.
They had a lot of fun and Anna was very happy!

Look at the story in Exercise 2. Write S for

the sentences that can start a story and E
for the sentences that can end it.
1 Tason was sad and uDset. &r!e?I ¡¡*dt cff"¡!/l§
2 Last weekend, Jason was in the park with * Make sure you say enough about each picture in
his friend. _
the story. For example, don't just wrile They went
3 It was the worst day everl _ to the park. Give more details to reach the word
4 It wasn't a good day for Jason. length needed and make your sentences more
5 On Sunday Jason and Ben decided to interesting. For example, They went to the park
ride their skateboards.
-
because it was a nice day.
a Use because to explain the reasons for something
happening, and so to explain the results of
something. For example, He went to the dentist
because he had toothache., Julie hurt her foot so she
couldn't walk.
,ffi§1*
Look at the pictures and read the exam task. Write three adjectives to describe each picture.
W
Look at the three pictures.
Write the story shown in the pictures
Write 35 words or more.

;§.il;§ Look at the pictures in Exercise 5 again. Circle the correct words to complete
the sentences about the boy in the story.
L He was walking quickly because / so it was raining.
2 It was raining, because / so he was walking quickly
3 He stayed at home because / so he was sick.
4 He was sick, because / so he stayed at home.

§§§ F$er* Plan your story Use the table to help you.

Who? Where? What?

Picture 1

Picture 2

Picture 3

tfla¡f í't* Write your story in an appropriate style. Write 35 words or more.
#Ft**k Before you hand in your story complete this checklist.

I've foltowed my writing plan. l've written a good ending.

l've written an introductory sentence. I've used a good range of vocabuLary.

I've written about the three pictures. I've written 35+ words.

I've used the correct tenses. l've checked my spelling, grammar and punctuatlo-

l've used Iinking words.

!l

ffiS Co*plete the zero, first and second conditional sentences using the
l correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 If we (live) in a.ü/armer country we could go to the beach every day
2 When I have a headache. I (lie) on my bed and rest.
3 My mum always (give) me lots to drink if I have a temperature.
i

4 If my legs were longer, I (be) really good at volleyball.

5 If thev get up early tomorrow, they (go) to the mountains.
6 How would you feel if you (win) a race at the Olympics?
7 TfI (pass) all my exams, I'11 become a dentist.
8 They (enjoy) their holiday in India more if they learn about the culture
9 She (feel) a lot better if she stopped watching so much TV
10 If you brush your teeth twice a day you (not need) to see the dentist so much

ffi§ Ctroose the correct word to complete each sentence.

1 Afonso Mendes works in a hospital for / of / to children in Liverpool.
2 This morning, he is giving / having / taking the temperature of Eddie, a L0-year-o1d boy
3 Eddie has a problem on / with / for his ears.
4 He feels / catches / takes pain when he opens his mouth.
5 Afonso spends a long time tries / try / tryrng to help Eddie feel better.

ffi nea¿ the descriptions. What is the word for each one?
The first letter is given.
1 It is between the eyes and the mouth. n___
2 You listen with these. e___
3 Food goes here. S

4 You walk on these. f___

5 This joins your head to your bod;r n___
6 You hold your pen with this. h
7 You move these fast when you run. I___
8 The person who checks your teeth. d
9 It's behind you. b
10 You can put this round your knee if you hurt it. b

ffi Cfroose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

1 Mark has been a doctor since / for ten years.
2 Charlotte hopes to work / working in a children's hospital when she finishes universit5r
3 Jack wants to be a nurse, but he hasn't left school yet / already.
4 It's just / since stopped raining, so we can go outside now
5 Mrs Oiiver keeps to go / going to see the doctor with her back pain.
6 I've already / just been swimming and done my homework this morning.
7 My dad has just stopped to eat / eating unhealthy food. I'm really happy about it.
8 Tim didn't enjoy to take / taking the medicine, but he knew it would make him feel better.
9 I haven't been to the doctor since / for last January.
10 My sister has always been interested in to learn / learning about animals and birds.
ffi Co*plete the dialogue between two friends. Choose from the list (A-H)
what Fiona says to Jake. Use the letters only once. There are three extra
letters you do not need.
Jake: I've just heard some news about Sophie. A I think I'il go and see her tonight.
Fiona: (1)_ B Where did she go?
Jake: She's got a problem with her leg. She's in hospital now C I think she'Il be fine. It's nothing
Fiona: (2) _ serious.
Jake: If it is, I don't think she'll be able to go a$'where. D What have the doctors said?
Fiona: (3)_ E How did it happen?
Jake: I don't know what they said. I haven't spoken to her yet F She's going skiing on Saturda¡r
Fiona: (4)_ I hope it isn't broken.
G What is it?
Jake: She fell off her bike.
Fiona: (5) _ H Can I borrow your phone?
Jake: Good idea. Me too.
/5

ffi Co*plete the sentences with the words in the box.

clouds I foggy I forest I hilJ I ice river I
I
snow I sunny I thunderstorm I wet
1, I prefer to go to the beach when it's warm and
2 The Thames is a _ that takes water through London to the sea.
3 There is lots of _ on the mountains. We can go skiing.
4 Did you hear the last night? It woke me up.
5 There are lots of _ in the sk¡r I think it's going to rain.
6 You shouldn't drive when there is _ on the road. It's dangerous.
7 It is so today I can't see an¡,thing outside.
8 If you walk to the top of that you can see the whole of the cit5z
9 You'll need an umbrella because it's very _ today
10 Takeyourjacketwhenyougoforawa]kinthe-.Itcanbeco]dunderthetrees
/1.0 i

Total score

§'isá{ 3$}e fffi*C*ftrüffitü that er* tyq** f*rr y**. ffievi*r+ Éh* *fuÉÉÉg i+ the L**É€ ** y*+: ***t* rm*r* E:eÉp.

I can... Unit/page
i; tt i"t logicaliy about the information in a text Unit9 p92
i-j unaerstand a speaker's questions Unit 9 p96
;.] tuU. about the weather Unit 9 p98
f"j iAentify conditionai sentences Unit 9 p99
i; "r.pr"rr preferences Unit 9 p100
i- r aeclae the general message of a text Unit 10 p102
l-r iaentity incorrect answers in multiple-choice activities Unit 10 p106
l-- glve myself time to think in a discussion Unit 10 p108
¡] .rc" the present perfect Unit 10 p109
f"-; u,rite a good beginning and ending to a story Unit 10 p110
ffi ,"pairs or as a group, answer the questions. ffi No* read paragraph 1 of the article
What job did you want to do when you were six
years old?
on page 115 carefully and answer the
questions about Exercise 2. I
What do you want to do now? Why? 1 Which is the best answer in Exercise 2? _
2 Which answer is incorrect because the
information isn't in the paragraph? _
lMhich answer seems correct, but doesn't match
the information in the paragraph? _
Éderetfi fp*á m# üffi {*tr*fl É mmsu'srsr &pÉÉ#§.ft s
What extra information is needed to make it
G Sometimes, two answer options both seem to be correct?
correct. When this happens, ask yourself how they
are different.
i] Then look at the text again and decide which one
is correct and which one doesn't quite answer
the question. For example, an answer which
§-optiom rxu§tip§* eho§ee (§q¡s?§ text)
seems correct may not have all the necessary e When you are not sure of an answer, cross out the
information. answer option that is definitely wrong. This option
is usually completely wrong because the text
doesn't say this.
ffi f,oot at the question and answers below. * When you are left w¡th two possible answer options
How many answers seem correct? read them carefully and checkthe part ofthe text
Which is a job that people do on trains? that answers the question. Make sure that every
A They check the tickets. part of the option you th¡nk is right answers the
question. Then make your final choice.
B They make sure passengers get on the train
on time.
C They make sure the trains aren't dirty
 , ,l re you interested in trains? Have'¡rou ,:

Ál ever thought about all the jobspéo!§ do

J lon a railway? It isn't easy. All the trains
have to be clean, the engineers need to- chedk
everything is working"someone nqeds'to sell
;; the tickets and'take the money, and the trains Hungary, first opened to customers in 1948.'Andit ..
mustn't be láte. The trains must leave and arrive is still ta'king passengers.on journeys from a few . .

on time and this must match the timetable. hundred metres to 11 kilometres, through the hills in
And, very importantly - the trains must be sáfé. the west of the city. The train drivers and engineers
Ahnost everywhere in the world, railway staff are adults, but all the other staff, f¡orn the ticket
are adults. But in Budapest, there is a special sellers to the station managers, are between 10 and
railway and nearly everyone who 14 years old. All the workers have to wear a smart
u¡orks there is a child. uniform, and they are ail volunteers, which means
they don't get paid. Every year, lots of children want
?:r':=#;f==
to work on the railway, but they don't give jobs to
everyone. Anyone who doesn't get good marks at
school won't get a job. The children who get jobs =.-
have two days off school every month to work on
the railway.
The Children's Railway isn't a toy or a model railway.
It is part of the national railway system of Hungary
and an important part of Budapest's transport
system. Each year over 300,000 customers use the
railway to get to work, visit friends or just to see
how well the children do their jobs!

+.!apu,s.d+-Éi4Étfl qH$ffrsffi
¿iEE

{'t):.lzRead the article and the questions.

For each question, choose the correct
answer. 5 Why do some people use the Children's
Railway?
A to travel to their jobs
Why is the railway in Budapest unusual?
B to meet their friends there
A Adults work there only two days a week.
B Most people who work there are children. C to see Hungary by train
C Only children work there.
What is the longest journey on the Children's
Railway?
ffi rrrut.h the highlighted words from the
article to a definition.
A a few hundred metres to the city
1 clothes that aII people who work or study at the
B through some hills in the city same organisation M/ear _
C to the countryside near the city 2 the opposite of dirty'
Which staff wear a uniform? the ways of moving people or things from one
A the people who work on the railway place to another
B some of the children a piece of paper or online text that allows you to
C only the volunteers enter a place, travel on a bus or train, etc
How are children selected to work on the 5 the opposite of 'early'
railway? 6 the people who work somewhere
A They must have clean school uniforms. 7 a list of times that says when all buses, trains, etc.
B They have to be teenagers. arrive or leave
C They must do well at school. 8 the opposite of dangerous
{i a"* *"* rre,i: g' i i¡ {r,-} *t*;.q Í ffi Co-plete the sentences with the words in the box.
Find the sentences in the text on page ",-.",',-..i
115 and then do the task belou¡. i anl,thing I an1'where I everyone i

L ... the engineers need to check everything everywhere I someone I something

is working, ... (paragraph 1)
2 ... someone needs to sell the tickets
I who visits the office must speak to the receptionist.
and take the money, ... (paragraph 1) 2 Is there I can do to helP?
3 Almost everywhere in the world, railway 3 Thev have customers in the country in aII the
staff are adults. (paragraPh 1) towns and cities.
4 ... but they don't give jobs to everyone. 4 in the office is going to be the next manager.
(paragrapl:'2) 5 I can't find my mobile phone and diary
5 Anyone who doesn't get good marks at 6 There's I need to do before I leave today, so don't
school won't get a job. (paragrapb'2) wait for me.
Complete the sentences urith -one, Co*plete the text. Choose the best word (4" B or
-thing or -where. ffi C)
for each gap.
a) We use to talk about
objects and actions. Náws ril{orñÉ

b) We use to taik about people. )F:.r PLAN ahead

c) We use to talk about places. ln all schools and colleges, students (1)- in the UK, have a chance
to do work experience before they finish school. This means they spend
one or two weeks working to learn what it's like to have a job. Of course,
(2) has different experiences, and two weeks isn't long enough to
.. Iearn (3) there is to know about a job. But most students say they
We use indefinite pronouns to talk -
,:,.1 definitely learnt (4) while they were on work experience, and there
about people or things without saying was always (5)
- there to help them.
exactly who or what they are. : -
We use every-lo talk about all of the
iil However, there- is a school in London that wants to make work experience

things, places or people:

§' even better for its students. Lister Community School uses technology

Everyone in my family likes trains.

t called the Life Skiiis Podto help students choose work experience. lnside
the pod (a room with a large screen), students choose (ó) they want
¡
We use some- in positive sentences: I to work, for example a factory or a hotel. Then they have to answer
lwant something to eat, but l'm not
-
I questions, which could be about (7) that's connected to the place
sure what. I and job ,h"y'u" chosen. Students who use the Life Skilis Pod usually find
-
it helps them to decide where to work and it also helps to make sure they
We use any- in negative sentences
§ dont go they won't enjoy.
(8)
and question s'. Does anyone in your
family like trains? I don't want anything '{M -rc-ffis:1§9'
- "@§§Ji*ijr::rr'
to eat. 1 A everything B everywhere C everyone
2 A everyone B anyone C someone
3 A anything B everything C something
4 A somewhere B something C someone
5 A anyone B someone C everyone
W§ Choose the correct word to 6 A something B somewhere C someone
complete each sentence. 7 A somewhere B everyone C anthing
We've looked ever5rwhere / 8 A anlnvhere B something C everyone
everfihing but we can't find the
car keys.
Is there everything / anything $FqY $T ffi$ffi$"EY
J'é
about the job that you don't like? j Resource centre: Unit 11 :

I didn't listen to everything /

ever'Srwhere the manager said.
z,
¡1
lel i
L-----*- -.----*--l
They are looking for anyone /
someone who can cook and clean.
My mum's new office is somewhere / Y§¡1d d...1::i:Hq5 §ÉE{ ti .L§,S,ft'Fli
J,, #É*
anywhere in the city centre.
There's something / anything I How do young people in your country learn about and get
need to ask my boss toda¡r ready for the world of work?
Words conmected with woy§r mndyo,bs Wsrds with -§sn l-res§ / -fsf I -er I -r
ffi {,*r18 Match the jobs in the box to the ffi al,l3.?* write the word. stems in the correct
descriptions. Listen and check. column to make the names of jobs. Some
words can go in more than one column.
i actor I cleaner I engineer I firefighter ]
i""_--_ __* _

i journahst I pilot I police officer iI i art chem I clean I dent I drive

I l

i shop assistant engine I explore I farm I football

i journal I manage I music I photograph i
I someone who writes articles for a newspaper i reception I wait I write I

2 someone who flies planes -irn ¡ -r;r;- l-irt -er -r

3 someone who cleans an office or a
home
4 someone who is a member of the
police
5 someone who works in a theatre or in films

6 someone who helps you in a shop

7 someone who stops fires ffi Co*plete the sentences using the jobs
l

l
l

8 someone who designs or builds things such as from Exercise 3. I

roads, bridges or machines _ I Jo's a . She looks after animals and

íl
i

grows vegetables.
ffi fl'l),l?
Complete the text with the words in
the box. Listen and check.
Phil's an excellent . He plays the
piano, guitar and violin.

i career I companies I customer I earn The _ answers the phone and helps
I
visitors when they arrive at the office.
i managers I meetings I social media officer i

_ I didn't
i:*Ly:tul - -,.-----.1
i
1
The
order a chicken saiad.
made a mistake.

When I have toothache, I usually visit my

Thousands of us love using social nerworking. But

If you are late to work, the _ won't
be happy
There are jobs for young people in most of rhe big
social media (2)
lftrfords + prep&s§tlor¡s
, you might be a (a)
for example - working with some of rhe social media ffi {,}r.21 Complete the sentences. Choose the
, working on the website and correct preposition (4, B or C) for each gap.
going ro (6) . And if you're good at Listen and check.
what you do, you'll ger the chance ro do differenr lobs 1 A-lex is the manager _ a clothes shop in the
and (7) more money. So instead o- city centre.
being a social media (8) Aof Bon C with
¡hink about becoming a member of (9) Charlie hopes to get a diploma _ music from
a college in London.
Afrom Bin Cto
Steph is a receptionist and she works _ a
company that makes computers.
A \¡¡ith B for C to
Judy is the singer _ a local rock band.
Aat Bon Cin
5 Michael is a writer _ children's books
Ain Bto Cof
6 We have an important meeting today _
the manager.
A of B \r¡ith C to
 f
==re

#
'':il

':%

*$.'q:;,{,ffi{

&ffi wort in pairs and answer the questions.

Think about things you like doing in your free &ap &tl
time. Could you start a business doing any of
these things?
s You should only write one word in each gap.
Remember, in the exam, contractions such as lsn't
If you could start a business, what would you do?
and weren't count as two words.
*e Remember to write the exact word you hear.
Iy
#§
:ffi§3_¿ For each question, write the correct
|-..'i;lr 1...'r
tarE+Emg ffidlc*§
II
answer in the gap. Write one word or a
i ,1 Don't write down everything you hear, just write number or a date or a time.
the important words.
'.-.r
Be careful with spelling, especially when the word You will hear a boy telling people about his
is spelt out for you. business.

ZIYANG'S BUSINESS
ffi {i:¡:1.,: j
Listen to the names of people and Started at age of:
places being spelt out and write them down. Father works near: (1)
1 4 Sells: (2)
, No orders on: (3)

3
Orders by: (4) _pm
Delivers to: (s) customers

i-. :rrr :i; :' Listen to Ed

talking about his
business idea and correct the notes.
ffi l'¡'r:'}i Listen again and check your answers'
The concert
When? (1) in June
Where? (2) in Dan's large house
lÉ.ittdfl RE§EAftCH :-r.l:Jqt ' ;:rfiii ; t.."F
Number of
people: (3) L8
T trcrlc,xd síx l¡¡.1,{/u,v. I
(4\ la,.,heelard Find out about a young business person from your
Best band:
country who has earned a lot of money. What was
Earned: (s\ { 220
their idea? How did they make moneY?
 §§;l lvtate one sentence from these two
Look at these sentences from the audio in the sentences using who, which or that to
listening lesson and do the task below. replace the underlined words.
I Altogether there are 52 people who buy from us 1 Alex is a manager. He works in my dad's office.
every week.
4,¿x i.- * r¡,t¿¿qtr a ir u'.¡{xq ,:t1 rt\' Jal,'.. a,#t l
2 ... nty dad works in a big factorry which is near
Guangzhou... 2 There is a factory near here. It makes cars.
3 ... a business that I started a year ago.
Choose the correct word. 3 Fred is the waiter. He took our order
a) In sentence L, who is about the person buying ,z
selling fruit. 4 I would like a desk. It is near the window
b) In sentence 2, which is about the dad ,/ the factory
c) In sentence 3, that is about a business / a person.
5 They had a meeting. It was with the new manager.

-*
Relative clauses give us more information Complete the article with who, which or that.
about someone or something we have already
mentioned earlier in a sentence.
We use relative pronouns (who, which, that) af
the beginning of relative clauses.
We use the relative pronoun whoto talk about a
person or people, and that or which to talk about
a thing or things; Henry's the man who works in
the new offices in town. Reading is something
thot/which I like doing in my spare time.

ffi

:L:t:t:;ia Choose the correct words to complete

ffi.
the sentences. l'm a firefighter [1J wonks in a lange
It's a question which / who no-one has the city in the north-east of England. I love my 1ob, but
ansv/er to. it's really hand wonk. We work ¡n teams [2]
The secretary who / which works in our office are called watches, and thene ar e eight of us in
is away today. each team. l've known the people t3l _
are in my team for a long time.
3 Kelly has got a job that / who she is enjoying a lot
4 The message who / which you sent yesterday The hours t4l _ I wonk ane not the
hasn't arrived yet. same every day. Today I stanted work at 8am and
I want to get a job in the new office building will finish at 6pm, but next week I will work through
who / which has iust been built. the night. Ever^y day, we need to check ever"ything
Is that the mechanic who / which repaired your at the fire station is working. lt's an important job
car last week? tsl _ usually takes about an hour..
One of the men which / who works in our
London office is coming to visit us today. At any time, we can get a call fr"om someone
Where's the shop assistant which / who works t6l _ needs help. This morning we went
in the food department? to a hotel t7l _ was on fine. There were
oven 1OO guests thene and a lot of them were ver-y
afraid. lnside the hotel, thene was fir.e everywhere.
It was really hot and very dangerous, but we he peci
all the people t8l _ were there to get
outside safely. lt's all in a day's wor"kl

Wt""
 Watch the Talk2Me wideo and
¡ &rlsw€r the questions. SKütL
i I Whose birthday is it soon?
; Z Wt "r" is the party going to be? Y*Ék*rug mfu*mtgm**s
, : IIo* many peopie can go to the party? i] Sometimes, you have to talk about jobs. lt could
be about a job you want to do in the future or
l:!':-l:i:i.:..' írj Wut.fr the video again. Underline the perhaps a question about your parents'jobs. You
phrases in the Phrase expert box that you can say My mum/dad works for + company; He/She
I
I hear on the video. works as a/an + job; He/She works in + place.
I

! '} Remember to use the present simple to talk about

i
i
srHEÁ5= AEr€=? someone's daily routines. For example, She checks
her emails when she gets to work.
] I have (two) brothers and (two) sisters.
i l'm an only child, but I have (three cousins). ] When we talk about situations that last for a
short time, we also use the present continuous.
'1', ln ,y family there are (five) people. For example, He usually works in Barcelona, but this
; My dad/mum is a (job) ... week he's working in Madrid.

,;: ..

l..i:.;:
.15 Choose the correct form to complete
each sentence. Listen and check.
Marta works / is working in a theatre. She's
worked there for ten years.
Matthew often meets / is meeting his manager
in the morning.
3 Anna cooks / is cooking iunch at the moment.
4 Jane usually works in an office, but this month
she visits / 's visiting customers.

*¿*est§*r¡s
* ln this part of the test, the examiner may ask you
about your family.
e Learn to describe and talk about things such as
your parents'jobs, family routines, etc.
* Remember to answer the questions in full
@ffif&, sentences or use short answers and then add
ffi,# Work in pairs. Follow the instructions. more informat¡on.
1 Write down as many jobs as you can in one minute.
'Write
2 down as many family members as you can Work in pairs. Take turns asking and
in one minute. answering the questions. Make notes of
TelI your partner about the jobs people in your your partner's answers
family do.
ilxarnple: &a.;t ut*le ís a |¡*¿fñer. What's your name?

ffi ijl':):.;ll Listen to a student talking about her

family and decide if the statements are Where do you live?
T (True) or F (False).
What jobs do people in your family do?
1 She's got two brothers and a sister. T/F
2Her older brother is an actor. T/F What job do you want to do after school
3 Matthew works in an office. T/F or university?
4 Her dad works in Manchester. T/F
What's more important to you * earning lots of
5 Her mum is a lawyer. T /E money or helping people? Why?
 Work in pairs. Look at the photo in
Exercise 4 an.d answer the questions.
What job do you think the woman in the photo ,'¡*^- -¡^*^
is doing? e Remember that an indefinite pronoun is used
What do you think are the good and bad things instead of a noun. lf there is no noun in the
about doing a job like this? Make a list and then gapped sentence, the missing word could be
discuss with your partner. an indefinite pronoun.
§ lf there is a gap between a noun and a verb, the
missing word could be a relative pronoun.
For example, Helen is the gj¡lwho lives in my street.

.] We use indefinite pronouns to talk about people

(someone, a nyo ne, eve ryo ne, no- o n e/n obody), For each question, write the correct answer.
places (somew h ere, a nywh ere, everywhe re, now h e re) Write ONE word for each gap.
or things (something, anything, everything, nothing)
without saying exactly who or what they are.
For example, lwant something to drink.
] We use relative pronouns after a noun, to make it
clear which person or thing we are talking about.
We use whoto talk about people, for example,
The woman who works in that shop is my aunt.
We use which and thatlo talk about places and
things, for example, France is a country that/which
I want to visit.

ffi Crroose the correct word to complete the gap.

1 Linda is someone likes working at
weekends.
a) who b) which
2 I think is going to the party on
l.---,.-.-----
Saturday i
i Hi Dany, :l
i
a) someone b) evewone
3 My cousin works in a company _ is in i I work for a travel magazine.
Madrid. i l'm lucky because I have travelled almost

a) where b) that
I (1) in the world. I write stories
I about the amazing places l've visited. lf you are
Ethan is looking for _ new to live. I (2) who enjoys travelling, this is a
a) somewhere b) anywhere ; great way to see the world (3) you
I would like a job is interesting. : work. I like (4) new people, but
r l'm -always away from home. l've met people in
a) who b) which
; big cities and people (5) live in
ffim
Complete the sentences with the correct i - in the forest. I don't earn much money
trees
ffi§ i fsl -
¡t's a very exciting job and
word.
I I get to see the world for free!
1 He is the journaiist _ asked me a lot
j Good luckl
of questions. -
2 I want to go hot for my holiday r 5ara
-
i

3 I like to travel to places have lovely

beaches!
4 I can't believe that _ has a suitcase
I can borrow!-
5 I love Italy _ I go people are always
very friendl¡r
iilr{$i$,8¡$,*¡iii
Which country in the world would you most like to
work in? Why?
 ffi I" pairs or as a group, look at the adverts ffi neaa the advert in an English-language
below and answer the questions. Use the magazine and answer questions 1-4.
adjectives in the box to help you.
easy I boring I dangerous
I

I I

I
difficult I interesting I safe TEENAGERS WHO WORK

Write an article rel ing us if students shou d work

What jobs are best for teenagers?
Do you think lt's qood for students to work?
Why should/shou ld n't students work?

The best articles nrlll be pub ished next month.

i
i^._

How many things are you asked to

write about in the task?
2 What are they? Underline them.
) How many paragraphs do you need
to write?
L What do you think you have to do in each job? 4 Which points can go in the same paragraph?
2 Which job would you prefer to do? Why?

q ffi neaa the article that was written in reply

to the magazine advert in Exercise 3 and
t^t*tkan frwd€d!
@ circle the correct words.
Ne'ro tu*ing {o, fqte wAo {ova dags "
ud eru¿tsel

filwsad? Caü us o¡ 06215 3s213¡ STUDENTSWTTH JOBS

..É*-*-iu*,,",",,w!:{r1:{:*i*.riie;;"i;jir:.
Should students work? That's an interestingt
question. A job leaves less time for
j Friday and Saturday 5-gpm
i
ii.
;r
homework, (1) while / however, students
; f10 per houi
ili can work in the summer or at weekends.
: Phone for detaiis: 022435 glg1,
r1 ir: There are many different jobs for teenagers.
They can walk dogs or be babysitters for
families they know. If they (2) prefer /
would prefer to work with lots of people,
W fi.f. the statements that you agree with they can get a job in a shop or a café.
and then discuss them in groups.
(3) for / In my opinion, work is a good way
Students should work because ... for students to use their free time. First, they
a they'll learn to be more responsible. tr learn important skills. (4) .Elso / After that,
a it's a good way to use their free time. tr they earn their own money. Finally, working
a it teaches them the value of mone)¿ tr can make young people more responsible.
Students shouldn't work because ... For these reasons, I think it's good for
o they'1l have less time to study tr students to work.
a they won't see their friends enough. tr
o they'll have less time for hobbies and exercise. tr
ffi neaa the article in Exercise 4 again and
decide if the statements are T (True) or F
§EqHLL :
(False).
FEa*nE*g affi *rrsr¿e The article begins in a way that makes people
r-] Read the exam task and underline the things you want to read on-
need to write about in your article. 2 The writer has answered all the questions in the
r i Don't just start writing - think first. Write down
exam task. _
ideas for each of the points you have underlined. The article ends with a conclusion.
Then choose the best ones.
,-] Use a new paragraph for each new idea.
 w
r****r§ ti
*q*§ E

§ § §§
*-i +

Ht¡ d*t llLia

* When you write an article, it's important to make it interesting for your readers. Think
of an interesting way to start your article so your readers want to continue reading.
s End your article with a short sentence that refers back to what you have written.
For example, That's why I think part-time iobs are great for teenagers.

Look at this writing task and underline the things you need to write about.

You see this announcement in your school Engiish-language magazine:

WHAT's THE PERFECT JOB FOR YOU?

Write an artic e tel ing us which lob you'd ike to do and why you thlnk it's a good job.

Do you think it's better to do a job that pays we I or one that you en;oy? Why?

The best articles will be published next month

Write your article

ffi F-*mm Plan your article. Use the table to help you.

Details My notes
Paragraph 1 Think of an interesting woy to start your article

Paragraph 2 Say what job you would like and why it's a good job

Paragraph 3 Say which is better - a job that pays well or one you
enjoy - and why

Conclusion Write a short sentence that refers back to what

you've written

ffi ffi+'*B* Write your article in an appropriate style. Write about 100 words.
ffiffi Cm**k Before you hand in your article, complete this checklist.

l've followed my writing plan. l've written about roo words.

l've responded to the four points. l've checked my spetting, grammar and punctuation

' l've used a good range of vocabulary.

 ffi%
ffiffi

ffi ," pairs or as a group, answer the questions.

\Mhat do you like most about the area where
you live? # md*rste red É a'r g e+*rd# b"r $*h #p p#§*E#
Is there anything in your home that you couldn't ?ffi*#{?&s}ffis
Iive without?
r-"] Sometimes the correct answer is expressed with an
ffi neaa the statements. Write C if they opposite word or phrase in the text. For example,
It's difñcult to.. . is the same as I don't think it's easy
describe city life orV if they describe
village life. to ... .
7 It's surrounded by countryside. _ l--5 Don't just look for words or phrases in the texts that
mean the same as the words in the questions. Also
2 A lot of people live in flats and apartments. _
3 People can waik everywhere they need to go. _
4 The air is fresh and clean. _
5 People have pets and walk them in parks. _
6 There is noise and traffic. _ Read the blog posts on page 125 quickl¡r
7 People have working animals. _ Look for the words and phrases which have
8 There are lots of things to do _
in the evening. the opposite meaning of those below.
I dirty
ffi Wfr".e would you prefer to live - in a ci§
2 large
or in a village? Give three reasons for your
answer and then discuss as a group. 3 interested
4 rro]r¡
-
5 oId-fashioned
6 cold -
 ü
IS IS
l

where I
=lV+
Gala, Russia Lara, UK
My village is in a beautiful forest. I love it because I I live on a farm, far away from a town
wake up lo the sounds of birds and the wind in the or city. My parents are farmers and they
trees. Our house isn't modern, but it has everything grow lots of fruit and vegetables on the land.
we need. There's one big room with the kitchen and On Fridays they are sold in the local market by
= living area, a bathroom and two bedrooms - one for my parents. We also have some sheep and cows
my parents and another that I share with my sister. In - they're my petsl Everything we eat is healthy
my bedroom there are shelves for books and our beds and the air we breathe is fresh and clean. Life on
have lots of blankets. In winteE the house is heated by a farm isn't for everyone. But if you want to live
a f,re and it stays nice and warm. close to nature and don't need to turn on the TV
Luiza, Brazil or use a laptop every time you're bored, life on
There are many towns in Brazil. Iv{ine is near the a farm is great!
Amazon river. It's a btg town with fantastic new
houses and some older ones too that aren't as nice.
The older houses are made from wood and they,re
tiny. My house is new and it's very comfortable. I live
here with my parents and my two brothers, My best
friend lives nexl door. It's great here. There's a nice
square in the middle of the town with cinemas and
cafés. We also have a big festival every year. I don,t
want to live anywhere eisel

§-cptior"r ñ?u §t§§3üe m.¡st€h¡m§

a Words from the questions may appear in the texts, ffi Co*plete the sentences with highlighted words
but don't choose a text just because it contains the from the blog posts.
same words as the question. There are a lot of shops and offices in the
s Remember that the idea in the question may be of the city
expressed with words or phrases that have opposite They are going to make a park on the
meanings in the text. behind my house.
When you think you have found the answer read 3 comes from trees.
that part of the text again carefully. Check that it 4 Our living room is by a fire.
really does answer the question. 5 If you're coid, you can put more on your
bed --
t'j:,r]'l :í-: Read the blog posts again. For each It's hard to -- when there is a lot of
question, choose the correct answer. pollution.
7 I keep my school books on in my room.
8 Let's chocolates so everyone gets one.
Gala Luiza Lara
1 Who says this life is good for
people who don't use
computers a Iot? B C
Who explains why she doesn't tF.flH,t$ ñfis§ARCH r,i+.#,
-the
i t.i..¡,*A*¡¡
t
feel cold in her house? A
Who has fun things to do Find out about a group of people who live in
where she lives? A B unusual homes. Make a poster about them which
Who thinks some people don't answers these questions:
like living in the countryside? A
Who doesn't have her own
B C . Who lives there?
bedroom?
. Where do they live?
A C
.
Who explains how some Where do they get their food?
people earn money? A C
Who says the new houses are
better where she lives? A B C
) Workbook Unit 12: Readinq, pages 92-93, exercises 1.2.3.4 125
ffirmmrcmr i* a*r:lext ffi Co*plete the article using the present
Look at these three passive sentences from the simple passive form of the verbs in brackets.
texts on page 125 and then answer the question.
... the house is heated by a fire. (GaIa)
The older houses are made from wood... (Luiza)
.. they're sold in the local market . . . (Lara)
.

Are these sentences right (R) or wrong (W)? l\/lO1IIl\lI

a) \Me can only use the passive if we know who does
the action. _
b) In passive sentences, we don't have to say who
HOUSES
does the action. _
c) We can use the passive when it is not important
who does the action.
Have you ever moved house? lt can be very tiring. Before
the move, all your things (1) ipackl
into boxes. Next, everything {2}
We use the present simple form of the verb be icarry) out of your house and put into a big lorry.
Then someone drives everything t0 your new home.
and the past partic¡ple of the main verb to make
the present simple passive. But in some countries, when people say they are going
We use the passive when the action is more t0 move house, they mean it. Their whole house
important than who does the action. {3} (movel to a different place!

* 5sc G:'e*:r::=r r*§*rsffi*e, {Jffiit tr3- ;:a{:}e i55 ln the villages in lndonesia, the houses {4}
(make) f rom wood. Sometimes there is a iot of rain, which
makes it difficult to live in some areas. When this
happens, the houses {5) {pick up} and
ffi Cfroose the correct verb form to complete mcved away f rom the rainy areas,
these active and passive sentences.
ln the USA, people usually leave one house to go and
t We grow / are grown lots of flowers in the garden.
live in another one. But sometimes'old' houses
2 These carpets make / are made in Türkey (take) to new places. I f the people
t6)
3 The rooms clean / are cleaned by the hotel staff who want to do this are Amish and they don't believe in
4 The children sometimes stay / are stayed at using modern technology, they might do it by hand" This
their grandparents' house. i7) (not do) very often, because it is
very difficult and can be dangerous. But it is amazing to
ffi errt these words into the correct order to
wate h when it does happen.
make present simple passive sentences.
1 is / month /The / cut / grass / every

2 rnade / houses / from / are / wood / The

3 every / This / week / is / kitchen / cleaned

ffi Co*plete the present simple passive

sentences about a house using the correct
form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Meals (cook) in the kitchen.
2 The car (keep) in the garage
3 The front door (open)with a
key ,:lá¡,m*t.i.].].. ¡
:É'.,.¡ i$"É;,iil.,f ,q.* ü e ${üS:
The garden (not use) very often
in the winter. Find out how many people in your class have moved
5 These fridges (make) in Germanlz house. Ask ...
6 The heating (not turn on) in . where did they move from and to?
the summer. . how did they move?
. how long did it take?
 i:
Words connected with houses § t:

!:

and hames ,* i:
a:

i'
i
ffi {,rr.27 write the words on the correct
lines. Some words can go on more than
one line. Listen and check.
-*l
i armchair I bath I bed I blanket !

i! bookcase
uvv^LqrL I chair I cooker I fridge
i lamp I pillow I shower I sink
i-::l* l-l:P.'-: I Pil:l.] l"-Y:l i
#P
tr #wT
qe-ril§eJ J-
ffi
kitchen:

living room:
-EE-
ffi Co*plete the text about Albert Parker with the
bathroom: correct form of some of the phrasal ver6s you
completed in Exercise 3.
bedroom: r (1) in Liverpool in the 1930s
Our family didn't have much money. My mum
worked in the kitchen of a restaurant. She had to
Work in pairs. Decide which is the odd
(2) hundreds of dishes everv day
one out in each group (1-5) and why.
My dad (3) early every morning and
L bath I sink I sofa ltowel sold newspapers. I went to school and studied hard
2 pillow llamp lblanket I fridge After doing my homework, I would often (4)
3 sofa I bookcase I cooker I armchair on my bed for a rest. I usually fell asleep so never
4 sinkltablelchairlbed (5) with my friends during the
5 blanket I cooker I fridge I sink week as I was always tired.

Fhrasalverbs eollocations with verb§

ffi (+r 28 Complete the sentences. Choose ffi (',)u.29 Matchthenouns (a-f) totheverbs (1-6)
the best word (A, B, or C) for each gap. to make things you do at home. Listen and check.
Listen and check, t wash a) house
My dad grew _ in a small wooden house 2 tidy b) my bed
in a village. 3 make c) the washing-up
A up B out C down 4 do d) your room
5 have e) the floor
In the evenings, I often lie on my bed
and read a book. 6 move f) a shower
-
Ain B down C to
ffi co*plete the sentences with the correct form
Ifyou go _ tonight, take a front door key. of the collocations from Exercise 5.
Ain Bout Cup 1 My mum doesn't like leaving dirty dishes around so
we always after dinner.
My bed is realIy comfortable so I find it very
difficult to get _ in the morning. 2 My sister always listens to music in the bathroom
when she in the morning
Aon Bup Cin
3 Canyou before you go out? There
Please tidy the dining room and wash are clothes and books everywhere.
vour things in the sink before you leave. 4 If you go into the kitchen with dirty shoes on, you'lI
-
Aoff Bin cup have to

Can you find _ how much those new 5 Next year, we're going to because we
flats cost? want to live somewhere bigger.

Aof Bfor Cout

6 l\{um sometimes for me.
W wort in pairs and answer the question.
Would you like to live on a boat?
\Mhy /Why not?

§H§ tL
üfu eck*ng g*.§r eñswr*á"s
l) The speakers may talk about all the possible
answers but only one is correct.
i] When you listen the second time, check that the
possible answers you didn't choose aren't correct.
q]rtll.:: You witl hear Heidi talking to her
friend Jed about living on a boat. For each
ffi { » 3.3ü Read the question and possible
the correct answel
answers. Then listen and choose the best :""rrtrl. :h1ose
answer.
Heidi has lived on a boat
Where does Gabriel live now? A for ten years.
a) on a boat b) in an apartment c) in a house B for four years.
C all her 1ife.
ffi (],,)r"3c
work in pairs and discuss the On the boat, there isn't
following question: What does Gabriel say A a kitchen.
about the other answers in Exercise 2? B a bathroom.
Listen again and check. C a dining room.
Heidi's favourite thing about the boat is
ffi neaa the questions (1-5) in Exercise 5 and
A the fire.
match them to the ideas below (a-e).
B her bedroom.
a) the room that isn't on the boat _ C the views.
b) the thing that Heidi doesn't like on the boat _ She doesn't like
c) the type of people who like living on a boat A the heating.
d) something Heidi really likes on the boat _ - B that there isn't a washing machine.
e) how iong Heidi has lived on a boat _ C where the boat is.
Jed says that life on a boat is for
A people who don't like noise.
B everyone.
C people who want lots of space.

3-optiom me.s§t¡p§e ehsíce {d§a§CIsa¡e}

* Read the questions and all the possible answers ffi <.J,tr.3! Listen again and checkyour answers.
carefully.
a The first time you listen, make a note of the words S&Y §Y ffi§ffiffiY
you hear that are in the possible answers.
Resource centre: Unit
* When you listen again, think carefully about what ftil and. lvl
the speakers are saying about those words.
 * r§''1 ,r§ll' t::':r::i'.,:-
:: :
§
:{.
§
§
r.*t t,ffi
.§
§ §lr':.i:.:'
}.':::::i..'
*:: :::.':l'1'
l

**w:.*i

';¡ ¡"¡:t ;'¡ +i: +¡li,l ; ¡': i+l"t l.*:!(".i" ffi Co*rrplete the article about a teenager who
Look at these sentences from the audio in the builta house, using the correct past or
listening lesson and answer the questions. present passive form of the verbs in brackets.
But four years ago, when I wq.s ten, my porents were
given a boat by their cousins. It was built about 30 |¿*t
years ago, but it wqsn't finished, ... ) \

tffi\
':,;rl
a) Did Heidi's parents buy the boat? _
b) Do we know who gave her parents the boat? _ \ {§t*
c) Do we know who built the boat? #{#

: ¡¡ We use the past simple form of the verb be and

tsUiLD Y§iJ CWN HOME
were
When he was 15, and most of his friends
r the past part¡ciple of the main verb to make the playing video games, Austin Hay was building
; past simple passive. his own house!
: ,¡, When we want to say who did something, we at
i use by:The house was built by my grandfather. Austin flrst became interested in house building
,crroor, but he (1) _-=._=- (not give) the
chance to build a trouse there, so he decided to build
! :,tr ;!r:::t i,1¡=,-¡:¡11,.1,¡¡'::r:,rr:ri-::r:--,:,:. :i:.,ti :..], ,.;::t:r:: , _t:: house' but
one at home. He wanted to build a tree
when he that he could build
tZ)
Iike a better idea'
irá"t" on wfreels, that seemed
"ff" to"gnt which is a metal floor on wheels'
a traiier,
ffi§§ U"a.rline who did the action in these past for $2,000 and started building'
simple passive sentences. (helP) bY his dad
Austln (3) =..---.=---
1 The pictures were given to me by my grandmother. and his friends. Lots of pieces of wood and glass
2 The man was interviewed for the waiter's job by (4j -(tell) (give) to him bY friends and
the manager. ---
i"i"rrv, trr"Y (5) ---=-----.- (use) for
""o
different Parts of the house
3 The essays were written by the pupils in Year 8.
and
4 The children were taught Engiish by my mother. Inside the house there is a kitchen, shower
living room, and a bed' There
5 The furniture was made by a man from Scotland. ioli"t, u very sma1l
is also electricity. A total of about $12'000
6 The house was moved bv a team of 30 men. (sPend) on the !ous9 After the
ói- (finish), Austin became
frouie (Z)
. Look at the sentences in Exercise 1 again quite famous and a documentary (8) .-.=.--_.-
and circle the passive verbs. i*rX"l about him by the journalist, Kirsten Dirksen'
(ask) bY
.}*\::? ó"itu áit"t, Austin ---.---=------ projects'
(9)
'¡§i'É Put these words into the correct order to Iocal schools to help with their building
make past simple passive sentences. and in his town the house (10) _-__..__-
(know) as the house built bY a boY'
1 bought / my father / The fruit trees / by / were

driven / a taxí driver / home / were / My parents /

by
ffi§ Look at the highlighted examples of by
in the text and answer the questions.
made / The / were / by / every / beds / morníng / 1 Who helped Austin build his house?
the hotei staff
2 Who gave him some glass and wood?
designed / a man called Jasper / was / new house / 3 Who made the documentary about him?
Our / bv 4 Who does Austin help with their building
projects today?
i-'i
--..4
weren't / The English tests / teacher / our / bv / :i;
marked
,l :r{f;sH.eiqff}.t,
T§qs*dr{ I :flrJi.y{Jft$ i '{"üAfi§{
$ ir,1f,
*..***."--.."_"., :
t

Design your own small home on wheels. Draw a

plan of your home and include different rooms.
 @ wrt.rr the Tatk2Me video and
answer the questions.
1 What is Evie asked to buY?
2 1f,Iho was the picture in Jojo's room painted by?
3 Who was the strawberry cake made bY? Discussion {pictures) il

o ln a discussion, don't only give your own opinion, I

LU Watch the video again. Underline the but also respond to what your partner says by
phrases in the Phrase expert box that you agreeing or disagreeing.
I

hear on the video.

c Don't worry if you don't agree with your partner.
Say what you really think and explain why you
plimAsfi §XP§HT
think that.
But can I just say ... I Can just add ...
I
I

I remember you ... i Just a minute, please. I

In pairs, look at the question and pictures
Oh yes, I forgot to say ... and discuss.

Do you like these different homes?

§! wort in pairs. Read the dialogues and look
Why /Why not?
at the gaps where Speaker B interrupts.
Which phrase from the Phrase expertbox
u¡ould you use in each gap?
A: Id really like to decorate my room because the
i' paint is very old now but ...
i B: I've got to answer my phone.
I
A: Can you help me choose a desk for my
i
bedroom please because ...
I

B: , I think you should look

online first.
A: I'm so bored with the colours in rrSz bedroom ...
B: said last year you wanted to
paint it
Y
§KtLL

Agreeing and disagreeins

C During a discussion, you need to show that you
agree or disagree with the other speaker.
O To show that you agree, use phrases such as Yet
I agree, That's right, I see what you mean or That's a
good point.
G When you disagree, you may want to interrupt
someone to say or to add something. You can do
this politely by using expressions such as l'm afraid l
I don't agree or l'm not sure about that.
Y
Take it in turns to ask and answer these
(,rr.32 Listen to two students talking about questions.
El
places to live. Decide if they A (agree) or D Student A: Do you think living in a boat
(disagree) on these points. is comfortable?

r
L Cities are more fun than the country
Which of these homes do you like best?
2 The country is nice in the summer.
Student B: Do you think living in the city centre
- makes life easy?
3 It's better to live in the middle of a citSr
- \trIhich of these homes do you like best?
4 Transport is trad in the country -
5 Iivins in the ciw is better.
-
ffi Wort in pairs. TeIl your partner about all
the different homes you know, e.g. your
house, your grandparents' house, etc.
§-*pt§on mu*§tEpñe-eho§ec e§<pxe
* As you read the text, underline the different events
and write 1 ,2,3, etc. above each one so you can
§áilLL clearly see the order they happen in.
s Look at the gap and try to work out if the missing
§dentiÉyfim# wefld# that s§row tlte srder word shows the order of events or shows that two
*$ *wscxts events are happening at the same time.
C Words like frst, then and ñnally help us to * Try the different answer opt¡ons in the gap and see
understand the order in which things happen. which one is the most logical.
{} Other words like while and during tell us that
things are happening at the same time. For ea¡h euestion choose th1cor""..
(] We use these linking words to tell a story, describe :l:**
events in the past, or to give the steps we need to
follow when we do something.

ffi e.rt the events (a-e) in order (1-5)

to tell the story.
a) Then my dad had an idea to build two
extra rooms at the back of the house.
b) My family wanted to buy a small house
by the river in Oxford.
c) f inally Mum and Dad decided to buy it,
and I am really happy they did as I love
living here.
Changing homes
d) First, we went to see the house but it
was smaller than we thought. The (1) _ of houses we live in are always
changing. My home is a good example. There's
e) While my parents were trying to decide
whether or not to buy the house, my dad was always been a house on this land, but it's changed
thinking about ways to make the house bigger. over the years. First, the house was (2) _ of a
farm and was built from wood. After many years
the farm was sold and the next family built a
ffi Co*plete the email with the words in modern house. Over the years, many people left
the box. the village and went to work in the cit5r so the
house was empty During the 1970s the village
i bv I finallv
t"
I first I while llh;"] started to (3) _ again and a new family (4) _.
When they left, the house was (5) _ to a rich
I -","-.- . ¡
family who started a really big garden and then
i ri*m; i Maria i i finally we bought itl I love living here because
there's lots to (6) _.
I A groups B sorts C ffies
2 A part B bit C piece
3 A grow B plant C collect
Hi Paula,
i 4 A went B arrived C entered
How are you? 5o you've decorated your bedroom! I hated ¡:
5 A offered B bought C sold
the colour of my room too. I wanted to paint it but 6 A make Bdo C prepare
(1) _ I had to ask my mum. She said OK so ."'..-*"-.".-.
(2) _ we went to the paint shop to choose ;i¡
tii
a colour. Honestly, there were so many colours there I l'=i.*¡
couldn't decide. (3) _ I was thinking about
which colour to choose, Mum and I went to a café for some
tea and cake. (4) I decided to paint it pale
blue but (5) _ the t¡me we left the café, the Writing your own sentences ls a great way to learn
shop had closed. We will have to go back tomorrow vocabulary. Write six sentences describing your own
house, using some of the words and ideas from this
lesson.
 In pairs or as a group, look at the photos ffi neaa the story and answer the questions.
and answer the questions.
Which of the two places in the photos would you
prefer to live in? Nícl oat of /tís parents' car and /ooled at tAe
lot
What would be the good and bad things about
tiving in the place in photo 1?
house. lf was amaztng ard iÍ ha¡{ a hrye garden
What would be the good and bad things about that was fwllof lteauttfulfowers anC trees. lt
iiving in the place in photo 2?
was /tl/<e sornethiuj in a maSazine.

lt a//stañed a wonth ayo when his parents

won the house in a cowpetrltion, They wanted

Wr*ÉÉmg e $&#vy
to surpríse hím, soyesterday they drove to the
¡J Remember to make a plan before you write.
Organise your plan in three paragraphs: countryside and they stopyed o*tsr"de the howse.

- think about where and when the story takes when they tol/ hi*, Nick ¿ouldn't spcak becarse
place and set the scene.
he wqs rery surprised/
- make notes about the main part of the story.
Then they went inside ard explorer/ the ho^se.
- think about how the story will end.
i] Read your notes about what you will write in each It had e,rerythinS they weeded. They were a//
paragraph and write down any useful vocabulary. excíted and they l<wew the¡ would be ,rery lrappy
r] Remember to use linking words and phrases to tell
Lwna there.
your story, for example, at first, in the end, elc.

Underline the sentences that introduce the

Match (1-3) to (a-c) to complete the beginning, the middle and the end of the story.
sentences about the structure of a story. Which words does the writer use to show a
1 reason and a resuit?
The beginning _
2 The middle _ 3 Find and circle the six adjectives used in the
story
3 The end_ 4 Which linking word does the writer use to start a
a) explains the action or events in a story. paragraph?
b) is about the things that happen to the people or
in the place in a story.
c) introduces the people, place and time of a story.
 & story
* You will be given a sentence that you must start your story with. Use the
sentence to plan your story.
* Use the first sentence to help you think about ideas for your story. For example,
if the first sentence is Ben read the text message and smiled, ask yours elf Who sent
Ben the message? Why did Ben smile? What did the message say? What did Ben do
after that? How did the story endT
Remember to use adjectives to make your story more interesting for the reader.

Read the exam task and answer the questions with your own ideas.

Your English teacher has asked you to write a story.

Your story must begin with this sentence:
Lucy sat on her bed and looked around her room.

wlite vo¡1stoo

I Who is the main character in the story? 4 Why was she in her room?

2 When did the story take place? 5 \Mhat did she have in her room?

3 Did Lucy share her room? 6 What was she thinking?

ffi p§em Plan your story. Use the tabte to help you.

First sentence Adjectives Linking words My notes

Paragraph I Lucy sat on her bed and
looked around her room.

Paragraph 2

.:
Paragraph 3

ffi WrEtg write your story in an appropriate style. write about 100 words.
ffi m**m#${. gefore you hand in your story, complete this checklist.
 Write the job each person does.
1 I fly planes all over the world. I'm a
2 I write articles for a iocal newspaper. I'm a
3 I grow vegetables and keep cows and pigs. I'm a
4 I serve customers in a shoP. I'm a
5 I repair engines and machines. I'm an
6 I look after people's teeth. I'm a
7 I help when there is a fire. I'm a
8 I serve people meals in a restaurant. I'm a
9 I clean the floors in an office. I'm a
10 I talk to people when they come into the office, and answer the phone. I'm a
_/1.0

ffi neaa the descriptions. What is the word for each one? The first letter is given.
1 We can bake cakes in this. c_____
2 We keep food and drink cold in this. f
3 We do the washing-up in this. s___
4 We can use this to read in the dark. 1___
5 We put our heads on this in bed. p_-
6 We eat dinner sitting around it. t____
7 \Me sit and relax on this. a
8 We can fill this with water and sit in it. b
9 We keep dishes, cups and food in this. L

10 We can put this on our bed to keep warm t)

ffi Cfroose the correct word tofill each gap.

I,mthemanager(1)-afamouspop8roup.Itrave](2)-withthem.
It's a job (3) _ I've done for years. The main thing I do is to make sure that they
have (4) they need. I work with people (5) are great singers. But
they don't enjoy talking on TV so I talk for them. When (6) goes wrong, I have
to he}p. Once there wasn't (7) _to eat after a concert. So I had to cook dinner
for (8) .It's all in a day's work!
1A of Bin Cto -
2A somewhere B everything C everywhere -
3A what B where C which
4A something B every.thing C everywhere
5A who B that C where
6A everything B something C someone
7A anything B everything C something
8A someone B anyone C everyone
 ::
!::'::.:i-:r:ira.i.:il1::::-u:ii::l:'i.:it:§41..:§a:j"a¡ii:i§a§-La{i,
.¡:a::ir:§;r::li::

ffiffi.!§ Complete the sentences using the correct passive or active form
of the verbs in brackets.
1 The swimming pool (close) by the manager last week.
2 Last yeal Camilla (give) a job in a large company that makes computers.
3 My parents (buy) the house when they first moved to England.
4 Teenagers (not teach) enough about healthy eating
5 The engineer (not repair) the fri.dge very well and it stopped working again
6 The woman's bag (take) whiie she was talking to the receptionist
7 The workers (not tell) that the factory was closed
8 Everyone (move) their picnic tables and chairs cioser to the river.
9 Uniforms (wear) by all the staff while they are working.
10 Everyone (pay) more money after the company did very well.
LI He (write) the book while living in France for a year.
t2 Most of the clothes we buy (make)inAsia

W# Complete the blog post about Domenico's home with one word in each gap.

I live in a small town (1)- is about 20 km from Naples. we have a large house and a
garden (2) _ is full of flowers. I share a bedroom with my b,rother, (3) _ is two
years older than me, My parents work in Naples. My dad is ihe manager (4) _a shoe
shop and my mum works (5) a company that sells holiday apadments. My grandparents
help around the house. My grandmother is always cooking and my grandfather does the gardening.
My brother and I have (6) .'- make our beds each morning and wash (7) _
after dinner every night"

I grew up (8) the town. I often go out to a café (9) my two best friends. My
favourite café has the best ice cream. lt (10) _ made with fresh fruit and tastes amazingl

- \i -tto
.. - - --

Total score ; /5O

'E$*k
tF+* :á{*q**t.*t+t:+ Éfu**: mr* tr** É+r"Hi-?#. ffi*iri€rrr tfu* akáiÉ*< Ér: tfu* +:;:it lf ;a+* *:*:*d m*r,* **l¡*"
I can ... Unit/page
i-i laentify incorrect answer options in multiple-choice activities Unit 11p114
take notes when I listen Unit 11p118
talk about jobs people do Unit 11p120
use indefinite and relative pronouns Unif 1.t p121
plan my article before I start writing Unít 11. pl22
understand words with opposite meanings Unit 1.2 p1.24
check my answers Unít 12 p1.28
agree and disagree in a discussion Unit 12 p130
r : identify words that show the order of events Unít 1.2 p1.37
¡-1 write a story with different paragraphs Unit 12 p132
 ln Part 1 of the exam, you will read the short texts (e.9. short emails, text messages, web
messages, signs and notices) and decide what type of text they are and where you might see them. This will help
you understand the meaning. Read the texts, and the three multiple-choice answers (A, B or C) next to each one.
Underline the important words or phrases in the texts that are similar to the ideas in the answers. Then compare
the option with the text before choosing an answer.

Read the texts and the questions. For each questiort, choose the correct answer.

o lamle
@ li aecty,
'm going shopping with Tanya tornorrow. We'r.^ meeting
at the station at 2 otlock. Do you want to come?
A¡ n"
Do you have Mike's phone number? l've lost it. l'm
com¡ng to his birthday picnic tomorrow but I don't .',
know ri,hat to bring! A Becky should tell Anna if she can go to the shops.
B Becky has to tell Anna if she can meet her at
the station.
Wtry has Jamie sent this email?
C Becky needs to tell Anna what time she can
A Jamie wants Tom to tell him what to bring. meet her.
B Tom should give Jamie a phone number.
C Jamie is asking Tom to come to a picnic with him.
Latest books for teenagers

a O
lf you're com¡ng on the museum tr¡p,
Glothes for ü*§ year olds
you must pay Emma f10 before Friday.
What is the notice telling customers?
A You can pay Emma the money on Friday. A A wide variety of books for all ages are now
B You have to go on the school trip to the museum. on sale.
C You need to pay Emma the money before the end B There is a discount on the tl.?es of things
of the week. cnrldren plav wltn.
C Some things cost less ín the teenager clothes
department.
E llatt(.
lfyow go shoy¡íwg túis worwíny, couldyo" yícl< CLosE DooR,
w4e il{ sswe *r'l&? Lef we lcnow,tde ast * l'l/ ADD 1,,/ASHING Po,,D:F
PUSH BUTTON,
f Jt t , I
Fry St2u l1a(k tatflt (DoN'r PUSH : - ¡::i;r
t04q)/. aLosrNG THE ooon,)
Dfr'1
A You need to rvait until the door is closed before
pushing the button.
Dan would like Katie to
B You should push rhe button before closing
A collect something for him. the door.
B return the money he lent her. C You should add u-ashing powder, then close
C decide urhen they wÍll go shopping. the door.

lnPart2youwill readthesevenquestionsandunderlineanykeywordsorphrasesThenread i::',:,r ,.. :

thethreetextsquicklytounderstandthegeneral meaningandmaintopic.Next scanthetextstofindthewords

that are similar in meaning to the underlined words in the questions. You ma),, nct urcerstand every word, but to
help you work out the meaning of a word or phrase, it's a good idea to look a: t¡e ,,', ords before and after it.
Remember to think logically when the answer isn't immediately clear. For exar,c e lf the question saysWhich
personprefersworkingoutdoors?,thetextmightcontainthesentence'ldoniit<¿,',2,\i¡lginanofficeorshop
because llike being near nature.'lt can often be helpful to look for words r,,'ith tre ccposite meaning in the text as
sometimes these will give you the correct answer. For example, lt was lig,\t or:s i: may be written as lt wasn't
dark outside.
ffi neaa the article. For each question, choose the correct answer. i ,,':: r:::,4 :::., -,"1,.:
.::,-, r:,,::r:..,:_1. .::..:..

lzzy, ,, ,,Kate. '..'rArnirá

IrWho-,krlo'wswhat.iob §hewants"to'do when s-}ie's a.n,adult? :, ':.. .4,, .' .,,.fl 'r, :.: 'l '§,.r:
'G''.,
z .$iayrihe,gáés.,1ess hous,ework than oneiof,né¡par ? s A B
3 Whose family has help from someone who's not Ín the family? A B 'g:,,
4 A B 'e.
5 A B 'C,'
6, y&o.think§,'she shóulddo mqre,horiséin4rk?,' .,,",,'.,',' . . A F C,'
7 A B 'G,: "

Helping in the house

lzzy Kate Amira
I help with jobs have four I make my bed
at home, but brothers so and tidy my
I think could there's lots to room every day,
do more. When do. My dad but a cleaner
my mum was writes a list does a lot of
my age, she ofjobs and a the other jobs
had to wash the different person in the house.
dishes, tidy her room and ook after does each job every week. lt's a good My parents pay her to clean the
her sister every day. I think I wash the idea because it doesn't get boring. This house. l'm tidy so my room doesn't get
dishes once a week and sometimes I week, l'm tidying the living room, so messy. I enjoy putting the books on
help cook dinner, which I enjoy, I work need to clean the tab e, the bookcase my bookcase and my c othes in the
hard at school so in the evenings I try and the TV every day. My favourite job wardrobe l¡ecause then I know where
to rest. Maybe in the summer holidays, is helping to cook dinner. It's good everything ls. My eastfavourit-. job is
when l'm not so busy, I will have tlme because I want to be a chefwhen helping wÍth the cooking because l'm
to tidyl l'm older. not good at it. ask my brother to heip
because he's much better at it.

lnPart3oftheeXam/yoUwillreadalongertextsuChaSamagazineorneWSpaperarticle.re
Under the article are five multiple-choice questions with three options (A, B or C). The order of the questions
follows the order of the text, unless there is a final global question. First, skim the text to get a general idea of the
topic. Read the five questions carefully and underline any key words or phrases without reading the options (A, B
or C). Next, read the text in detail to try and answer the questions in your own words before checking which
option is similar to your idea. You should also read the other two options and decide why they are wrong. lf there
are two options that you think might be correct, think about how they are different and if one of them doesn't
answer the question fully.

ffi qri.kly read the magazine article. What is the main idea of the article?

lñIorld charrrpion snorñrboareler

Chloe Kim rs an 1B-year-old snowboarder who lives in California, USA. She has already won three
gold medals at the X-Games and she became the youngest person t0 win gold in the women s
cOmpetition at the Winter 0lympics in Pyeongchang in 2018. She was tOo young to take part in the
2014 games in Sochi, but she was as good as some 0lympic gold winners. Her parents Jong and
Boran came from Korea, but Chloe is American. Her dad first took her snowboarding when she was
four. At first, she wasn't keen on doing rt, but she soon became very good at it. She can now do the
most dlfficult jumps and has taken part in competitions since she was six years old. She speaks
French as well as Englrsh because she Iived with her aunt in Switzerland for two years when she
was at primary school. Her parents visited her in the school breaks and took her snowboarding
in France. Chloe is well known in the USA, both for her snowboarding talent and also for her hair.
She often changes her halr colour and she likes to colour it pink for competitions. By Aimee Hughes,
¡na
avv 11
tt
ffi neaa the article again and the questions. For each question,.choo§e the coEest answer.
Why does Aimee say that it was'special that Chloe Kim won Why can ehloe sPeak rnore than one
the Winter OlymPics? language? l

A It was her third gold. medal. A Because she lived in a different

c0untrY.
B It was the first time §he won a gold meda].
B Because her parents taught her'
C She was the youngest girl to win a gold medal.
C Because,her parents took her to I

In the third sentence.Aimee saYS France in the holidaYs.

A Chloe was better than the Olyrnpic gold winner. lMhat does Aimee saY that Chloe is
B Chloe was the same level as other Olympic gold winners. famous for in the USA?
C Chloe r¡¡as not as good as other OlymBic gold winners, A Just for winning snowboarding
How did Chloe feel aLrout snouüoarding? cornpetitions.
A She had wanted her dad to take her when she was four. B For being good at snowLroarding
B She didn't like it until she was six years old' and for her interesting hair.
C She started to:like it'when it became easier. C Just for traving unusual hair

ln Part 4 of the exam, you will read a short text with six gaps. You choose the correct word from W&
three options (A, B or C). The main focus is vocabulary and not grammar. First, read the text quickly to get the
g"n"rui idea. Then, read the sentences with gaps and all the answers. Choose the best answer for each gap and
ihint< why tfre others are wrong. When you have completed all the gaps, read the text again to check it makes
sense.

ffi neaa the article. Six w'ords have been removed from the text; For each question, choose the
correct ansruer,

A famous stone circle

Stonehenge is an ancient stone clrc e in the south of
England and the most famous stone circle in Europe.
Many people from around the world are (1)
in visiting Stonehenge and over a million peop e visit
It each year.
- 1A interested B pleased C excited
No one really (2) why Stone Age peop e built
Stonehenge over lour thousand years ago. t may have
2A thinks B knows C believes
been a (3) of c ock which peop e used to te I

-
the longest and shortest days ofthe year. 3A type B set C group

historlans agree that Stone Age peop e

1\4any
probably used machines to (4) the stones to
4A arrive B travel C move

Stonehenge.This is because some of the stones

(5) from Wales, whlch ls about 225 km awayl 5A came B entered C went
-
Historians think that it took about 31 mllllon man hours
to build the stone circle we can (6) todayl 6A watch B look C see
-
-
ffi Read the article. For each question, write the correct ansu¡er. Write ONE word for each gap.

ln Part 5 of the exam,

you will read a short text with six gaps. When I was younger, I was ¿N lunior Masterchef. lt is a
You need to write one word in each gap. TV cook!nq competitlon (1) nine to twelve year-olds
This part ofthe exam focuses on When I was on the show, (2\ 2,000 chiJdren who
grammar and spelling. First, read the text wanted to be in the competition, but only 30 children (3)
quickly for general meaning. Then, read it successful. was one of the ucky children and I was able to be
-were
on the programme, When there were only eight children left - in
again and think of a word for each gap.
Pay attention to words surrounding the the competition, we all had (a) cook food for a famous
gap to help you decide which word fits boy band. ln the final of the competition, four of us took
(5) and in the end they told everyone the name of
the gap. When you have completed all
the winner.Thls time was (6) lucky.The winner was
the gaps, read the text again to check it
Georgia Brown.
makes sense. -
ln Part 6, you will read a situation
and write either a note or an email of 25 words or
more. You will be told to give three pieces of
information in your message. Remember to th¡nk
about what type of text you are writing, who you are
writing it for and if you need to use a formal or You are meeting your English friend, Alex, for
dinner tomorrow.
informal style. lt's a good idea to write notes before
writing your final answer. You should also check that Write an email to Alex.
you have written at least 25 words. Try not to write a ln your email:
lot more than 25 words because you might make . say where you want to meet
more mistakes. o ask what time you should meet
After you have written your text, check that you have o tell Alex what type of food you want to eat.
included all the necessary information and that your
spelling, punctuation and grammar are correct. You
may lose marks for any incorrect spelling, so if you
aren't sure how to spell a word, think of a different
word or phrase that means the same.

ln Part 7 of the exam, you will look at three pictures and then write a short story about what's ffiffire
shown in the pictures. lt is important to look carefully at what's happening in each picture. There will be one
event in each picture and you need to include each one in your story. It is important to plan what you are going
to write first. You can write a rough draft before writing your final answer. You will need to write 35 words or
more. You should try and include different tenses in your story and make the order of events clear with linking
words. After you have written your story, check that you have written the right number of words and for any
spelling, punctuation or grammar mistakes.

Look at the three pictures.

Write the story shown in the pictures.
Write 35 words or more.
F

fi

tn Part 1 of the exam, you should look

.W$,§i§fÍilfl ln Part 2 of the exam, you will
carefully at what the pictures are showing and think about need to complete a note with specific
what words you might hear. Think about what is different information from a monologue, such as prices,
in the pictures and what words or phrases you might hear times, dates or telephone numbers. First, read
fi

about each one. For example, you might hear words to the note to see what type of information you
describe different places, things or activities. Then read need to listen for. Then, listen for specific
the questions and underline the important words. Use the information and finally listen again to check
first listening to listen for the specific information, and your answer or to complete the gaps you have
then the second time to check your answers. missed. Spell words correctly when they are
spelt out by the speaker. lt's important to write
only one word in each gaP.
§§,i § i.-..i:t,,:..,1,f For each question, choose the correct
picture.
:¡§!} r.l,rl .:,.:,..l t islsn to a teacher telling his
1 W'here is Kara's bag? students about a trip to the theatre.
For each question, write the correct

ffiww
answer in the gaps. Write one word or
a number or a date or a time.

SCHOOL TRIP TO THEATRE

ABC
City: lev¡don
What time does the film start?
Day of trip: (1)

Play starts: (2)

ffi@@
Name of the play: (3)

Name of the theatre: (4) !hialltf

Cost of ticket: (5).t

ABC
Where are Kevin and his sister going at the weekend?
ln Part3 ofthe exam,you will &ffi,§f"',.i

ffiffiffi
tl

l¡sten to an informal conversatlon between two

speakers and then choose the correct answer
from three options (A, B or C). Read the
questions and options and think about the
context ofthe conversation.This part ofthe test
ABC includes questions about specific details,
What is Dad going to tuy Mum for her birthday? opinions and feelings of the speakers. First,
listen to try and understand the gist of the
conversation and think about the best option

WffiM
for each question. Then, listen again for specific
information and then check all your answers
carefu lly.

ABC

llllll
ry-
What's the weather going to be like tomorrow?

ARC
 'You will hear Matt talking to his friend Joanna about going to a concert. For each
question, choose the correct arlswer.
Joanna is going to the concert with Matt and Joanna are going to the
A Tim and Matt. conceft by
B Peter and Matt. A bus.
C Jilt and Peter. B train.
The Birds play C car.
A dance music. Matt thinks
B classical music with rock guitars. A the last band they saw was awful.

C rock music with some classical instruments. B the last band they saw was much
better thanThe Birds.
Joanna
C the tast band they saw is always
A often spends time iistening to this kind of music.
thinking of new ways to play
B thinks she'll iike the concert. music.
C thinks it sounds like the usual kind of music she listens to.

ln Part 4 of the exam, you will hear five short monologues or dialogues, each with a'context
setter'telling you what the conversation is about, a question and three options (A, B or C). Look at each option
and underline the key words. First, listen and focus on the words you have underlined before carefully choosing
your answer. Remember that sometimes an answer may contain some of the right information, but you should
only choose it if it has exactly the same meaning as what you hear. ln this part of the exam, you are listening for
the main idea, so it's a good idea to listen to the whole monologue or dialogue before choosing your answer.

Listen to the question and then choose the coruect arlsu¡er.

You will hear two friends talking about their da¡r 4 You will hear a boy talking to his
\trIhat did they do first? friend about shopping. Why did he
A They went shopping. buy the T-shirt?
B Theyplayed sport. A He had to buy a present for a
friend.
C They went for a meal.
B He wanted the same T-shirt as his
You will hear a teacher talking to a student.
friend.
\trIhat does she want him to do?
C He needed it for his sports team.
A Complete his homework again.
5 You will hear a father talking to his
B tisten in class. daughter.'Why is he unhappy?
C Talk to his friends. A She made the floor dirtv
You will hear a man talking about feeling ill. \trIhat should he do? B She was Iate returning home.
A drink more water C She forgot to buy something.
B stayinbed
C wear warm clothes

', , ,
Listen to Fiona talking about
what she did on her holiday last week.
to a longer conversation between two people who
Which place did she go to on each day?
know each other and then match two lists. There is an
example to help you. 0 Monday E A the beach
First, listen to try and understand the gist of the L T\.resdayI B the park
conversation and choose the best option for each C a farm
question. Listen again for specific information and
z Thursday I I

D the mountains
then check your answers. There are three options you 3 Friday t] E home
don't need, so check that these aren't correct. Saturday L l
4 F a waterfall
Remember that just hearing one of the options in the
second column doesn't mean it is a correct answer.
5 Sunday t] G the forest
H the cinema
 To prepare for Part 1, Phase 1 of the exam, practise asking and answering questions about il,,i,...r':t,.,, ,-,
yourself. Try to avoid answering with only Yes/No or single word answers. ln Phase 2 of the exam, when the
examiner asks, Tell me about ... give reasons for your opinions or give examples. The focus in this part of the
exam is on typical everyday questions. Remember that it's okay to ask the examiner to repeat the question.

'lMatch Part 1
lllllll,:,,:l:: , of the video and
tick the questions you hear. Then watch the video again
and make notes on Eva and Marie's artswers. Compare your answers with a partner.

\Mhat's your name? tr What's your favourlte type of food? tr

Where do you live? tr Do you llke pizza? tr
\Mhere do you go at the r,veekend? tr What did you have for breakfast
What time do \.ou start school? tr this morning? tr
What time do 1.ou get up on a Sunday What do you usually eat for iunch? tr
morning? tr What do you usually eat for dinner? tr
Who do .vou spend time with at When do you go out to eat
the u'eekend? tr in restaurants? tr
What do you do on Saturday evening? tr Do you iike fast food? tr
What do you do on Friday night? tr Tell me something about what you
Tell me something about what you like to eat at the weekend. tr
did last weekend. tr Do you like to eat in restaurants? tr
Work in pairs and ask and answer the questions. .,,'t'

Tell me something about the food you eat on ln Part 2, Phase 1 of the exam,
special occasions. discuss five pictures with your partner for up to 2
Tell me what you like doing with your friends. minutes. The pictures could show topics about
Tell me something about the homework you have to do. daily life, school, free time activities, transport,
TeII me something about your favourite hobby
towns and cities, or holidays. Talk about each
picture with your partner and say why you like
or dislike it. Remember to respond to what your
partner says and to ask him/her questions. ln
Phase 2 of the exam, the examiner will ask you
two more questions about the topic you
discussed with your partner. Sometimes you will
be asked about your preferences, so it's a good
idea to practise phrases for comparing two things
.a and to give reasons for your preferences.

:,rt.l;,:..:,,lt Loot at the pictures showing

different places to visit. Do you
like these different places?
Why/Why not? Complete the
first column of the table with
notes of your ideas.

1,

-t# .ií{-¿;:.'.:
 l!

i You iil Marie i Eva *!i;j ln pairs, ask and answer the questions
from Exercise 8.
I cinema

; park
];i¡§ Reaa the sentences belou¡ describing
1..".--,-."-...-",. preferences and choose the correct
1 museum
I
options.
j-,---.-,,,,. ,.. - -i-
1 I prefer football than / to tennis because
i library
l
if's more exciting.

i mountains 2 He prefers go,/ going shopping than / to

play / playing chess.
3 They like swimming the./ a best because
'Watch the first part of PartZ of the video
§:l;i ,...".' it's so relaxing.
and corr4rlete the table for Marie and Eva.
¡:...,,ii ,, ,: \tratch the second part of Part 2
ifl!:;:: Read the text below and complete the gaps of the video again and complete the
with words or phrases from the box. statements below.

beglyse I me too I agree with I but I thi;k I cityI countryside I interesting { i

r fur I prefers

Eva: L going to the cinema (1) _

Like ike Eva likes places in the city because it's
watching films wlth my fami y or friends ... more _ for her.
Marie prefers the to the
Marie: ... (2) _. (3) _ t's funny and ike
because there are more
watching comedy.
actiüties.
Eva: ... also nteresting lor me (4)
N4useums are 3 --
Eva thinks a concert is more
not all of them. Some of them are very borinq. if it's music she likes.
-
Marie: Yeah. (5) you .. . ike fashlon 4 Marie going to a concert if it's
mUS-óUmS. thlnk thev're coo . pop music.
- ¡;j§ In pairt ask and answer the
guestions. Try to use phrases from
§§,:i; Rea¿ your answers in Exercise 5 and then Exercise 1O and give reasons for your
say if the words or phrases are agreeing (A), preferences.
giving reasons (R), giving opinions (O) or giving
contrasting information (C). 1 Is it better to visit places in the cily or
places in the countryside?

i:¡§¡: ln pairs, discuss the pictures from Exercise 3. 2 Which is more fun. visiting a museum or
Use your notes from the first column of the going to the park?
table to help you. Remember to use words and 3 Do you prefer doing activities inside or
phrases to: outside?
. give reasons. 4 Which is more exciting, climbing a
. mountain or going to an outdoor concert?
give contrasting information.
. give opinions.
' show whether you agree, or disagree with your
partner.

.1. the second part of Part 2 of the video.

t",-;i ..,.t,. t[Iut.tt
Complete the examiner's questions with a place
from the first box and an adjective from the
second box.

r mountains I park I cinema I museum

expensive I interesting I exciting I fun

Do you think going to the

is
z Do you think climbing is ?

3 Do you think üsiting a ---

_ is ?
4 Do you think going to the
is?
-?
Present simple F*&fw1: Adverbs of frequencv usuallv come before the
main verb:
F#ffifvn:
-**--__-i I usually play tennis on Saturday.
r:*---"=-*** "--
it! Positive j
I don't often eat pizza.
i-" ---..----**-:- -----**"j
She never listens to the radio.

! A¿verUs of frequency come after be when it is used as

a main verb:
li is usruaftry ,"tery ?r"ot in Attgwst.
I sm never late.,{or scJ¡ool.
Sometimes can also come at the beginning or end of a
Qu_estions sentence:
D:y
: !ttgyly:1!!ev !u:!ere? Sometimes I make dinner. / I make dinner sometimes.

. Short answers Time express¡ons

Yes, l/you/we/they do. everv day

Yes, het shet it does.

-i every week
tvvice a week
:!9.L"1:!:!tdg"'Lt: *- ¡
three times a week
\Me use time expressions to show when we do things:
Spelling patterns for the present simple after He rides his bike every day.
he, she or it She plays tennis twice a week.
. V/e add -s to most verbs: I wear - he wears
. \Me add -es to verbs that end with o: lmperatives
they go - she goes, I do - he does
F*Rfft: Imperatives use the bare infinitive of a verb.
o If the verb ends in -s, -sh,-ch, -x or -z we add -es: The verb doesn't change when you are talking to one l
you finish + it Íinishes person or more than one person:
. If the verb ends in a consonant + -y, the -y changes Find a club to join. Wait there children!
lo -ies:we study - he studies I
For negative imperatives, we use don'ú:
. If the verb ends in a vowel + -y, the -y does not
change: I play - she PlaYs
Don't do that! Don't worry.
lJ§ñ¡ to give instructions or orders, or to make a strong
Common irregular verbs suggestion:
. Have is irregular: I/you/we/they have - he/she/it has Open your book. Write your nzme.
. Be is irregular: I am - you/we/they qre - he/she/it is Try a new sport ...
t-15É: to talk about: t habits or things we do often, and 2 ! We don't have to use the subject (e.g. you) with
things that are usually or always true: imperatives:
Canre here! L*ak at tkat!

*-
i

i:-: :l:lt::' !! tt9¡t.-!::loyt it vi!:!,::- -- i ! \M" .r, use pleasewith imperatives to be more polite:
Flease be r¡uiet. / Í3e quiet, plecse.
Adverbs of frequency
We use adverbs of frequency to say how often ! W" .un also use never and always with imperatives
something happens: for general instructions or orders:
never sometimes often usually always &reyer ee.t ar drimk ín class.
Afwcys listen ta ycwr teatlrcr.
Oo/o 100%
 Possessive 3 ! ff *" use possessive 's in an answer, we don't have
to repeat the noun:
F*Rtrl: Add's to a singular noun:
I like to play games on Paul's computer.
Wh<¡se bike is tttís? Ít's !*n's bike. i lt's san"s.

I sometimes ride my friend's bike.

1,4ihase phone is this? It's my brothe¡,'s pl"tane. /
It's my br*t"*ey's.
Add 's to irregular plural nouns:
Children's toys are expensive here. Prepositions of t¡me and place
Are these men's shoes? FÜRfui: Prepositions of time or place go before nouns
Add 'to plural nouns ending in -s: or pronouns:
This is my parents' car. at 7 pm / in summer / oru the floor/ in her garden
Those are girls' clothes.
§.15fl: to tell us when something happens, or where
U§ñ: to show possession (who something belongs to something or someone is:
/
who owns something): When do you ride your bíke? I ride it at the weekend..
lack has a football.It's lack's football. Where's Kim? She's in the house.
The book belongs to Ellie. It's Ellie's book.

Present simple U§E: to talk about:1 things that are happening at the moment, 2 actions
happening around now, 3 temporary or changing situations, and 4
See Grammar reference, Unit 1, page descriptions of pictures:
L50 for information about the form and
use of the present simple. i 1 i l'm enjoying this food. j

i**+**----.-*
'; Z ] Where are you living days?
these -- --- 1

I
Present cont¡nuous i*.-.:-**_".*-._-.*.-.]
i*.-.:-**_".*-._--*.--,]
i 3 i I'm staying at my aunt's house this week.
-
i-*--i."-*,-*-"--*:*--*i--* *-* _--.*-__i i

FüRfldI: i 4 | All the people in the picture ore looking at their phones. r

am/is/are +verb + -ing

Spelling patterns for the present cont¡nuous
I Positive ---*-----*--j
*.--_,.: . 'We
add -ing to the bare infinitive of most verbs: stq.rt + starting
lam/'m ploying. :

t' -:
,,
. If the verb ends in -e, we take away the -e before adding -íng:
,*-*:'_"--'_-**.*'_-__---__j make - making
i.u-oulue!-ngt y:/'!e p!!úe -- **--^, . If the verb ends in -ie, we change the -ie to -y before ad.ding -ing:
: Negative :-:-' i lie - lying
,JfllyyAly,ls'_ --_
:

. If the verb has one or two syllables and ends in a vowel

_j
ploying. + a consonant, we double the consonant before adding -ing:
/
; He/She/lt
is not isn't .
i -*-- stop -> stopping, begin - beginning, travel - travelling
YouWe/They are not / aren't playing.
.,-.""..,.._.: I

I Questions i
! ffr"r" are some verbs, called stative verbs, which we usually only use
___-- j
i-:"**"**** in the present simple form. These include:
ilrlrJytt- - o verbs about thinking, e.g. know, believe, und.erstand
i!:!!!y1:lrtoyins? i
y' I uytd"erstand tltis baak"
ptoying?
, Are you/we/ they i

Short answers ;
X f'nt uwd"erstanding tltis brsok.
_- __
i Yes, lam.
_
1 . verbs connected with likes/dislikes, e.g.Iike, love, hate
i No, l'm not. ,
!
y' I laue th*t fitm.
X I'm Íovíng that film.
. verbs connected with possession, e.g. belong to, have, own, possess
y' I have shaes like that.
X ¡'m having shaes like that.
it§
l=
i§

! We Aon't use contracted forms (I'm, they're, she's, etc.) Present simple and present continuous
in positive short answers: . It is possible to have verbs in both the present
j- simple and the present continuous in the same
j Are yau, reading * baok?
y' sentence. The present simple talks about a habit or
v-es, { arn.
something we do often, and the present continuous
l( y-es. t',n. talks about an action happening now or around now,
or a temporary situation:
I usually walk to school but this week I'm going by bus.

fuf Sff: to talk about future plans and arrangements: They're tr«velliwg to London. tarnorr{}w.
We're watching a new film later. Muzx isyt"t w*r&lregl next weeket¡d."
I'm meeting Jess at the library tomorrow morning.
! W" .un also use the present simple to talk about
! We usuaily use the present continuous to tatk about the future, when we're talking about timetables or
future plans and arrangements that are already agreed/ programmed events:
planned. We usually give a time, day etc. in present The. exem slcp"fs sf 183A r:].1x1.

continuous sentences that talk about the future:

Past simple, regular verbs (positive) ! We often use time expressions with the past simple:
F*fiñiE: verb + -ed in: in 2027, in the 1990s, in winter/summer, in the
morning / afterno on/ ev ening, in O c tob er
i Positive
L---.****
I
last: last week/month/year, last December, last night
""_--_.*---._*_*.__-.-:-,.,*j

Lzf qy/[gge{YIsl!sy"ygrk"g-y"::}sgq:._._-_--:__*.,i this: this morning, this week

See Grammar reference, Unit 3, page 1"53, for oni on Saturday, on Monday night, on 29th March
information about the negative, question and short at: at eight o'clock, at weekends, at night
answer forms of the past simple.

&JSH; to talk about: 1 something that happened once in Wh-words

the past, 2 something that happened again and again in
F#ffi&¡3:
the past, and 3 something that was true for some time
1,Vh-question word + verb + subject
in the past:
What is your name?

{",§§ffit to start many questions. Wh- words are used to

get more information thanyes/no questions,
i i hotiaays *---*-*-- li e.g. Did you live abroad? Yes, I did.
i---*"1--*""-*-
3 Katy helped her mum prepare all the family meals.
Where did you live? I lived in Oxford, a cíty in England.

Spelling patterns for the past simple of I Wlrot, which, and. whose can be followed by a noun:
regular verbs 14,T¡e¡f rrur¡síc da you l¡k¿? X&rhicf: &og is yol;rs7 Wl¡ese
.We
. add -ed to the bare infinitive of most verbs: lthane is tft¡s?
work * worked, start - started What can be used if there are many possible answers:
. If the verb ends in -e, we add -d: live - lived, Wks.t ila yüu wünt ta eet?
love + loved
Which can be used if there are a few possible answers: l
. If the verb has one syllable and ends in a vowel and
t&&fcfe do yr;u pre;fer, apples or pears?
a consonant, we double the consonant:
stop + stopped, plan -, planned, travel -- travelled How can be followed by an adjective or adverb:
. With verbs that end in a consonant + -y,we change FI*w old ís you¡. brotker? §lowfcsf is tke ínte.rnr:t
the -y to -ied:try + tried, study + studied connettían?
How can also be followed by much andmany:
.ffi:w rm«xy t'iynes ha,¡e yars playeii tltis grune?
§§aw wra*h cheese da yau.,ttant?
Füffif,¿I: Some common irregular verbs
be + was/were
buy + bought
choose n chose
come + cqme
Did l/you/he/she/it/we/they comeyesterday? i
do did
drink + drank
eat ate
N o, I/yo u /h eh he/i t/we/th ey d idn't.
get got
! gotf, regular and irregular verbs follow the same go went
pattern in the past simple for negatives, questions have had
and answers. However, irregular verbs do not follow meet met
a pattern for the positive form in the past simpie.
You need to learn the past simpie positive form of see s0w
irregular verbs. teach + taught
think thought
See the Irregular verbs reference, pa1e 175, for a full
list of irregular verbs used in the A2 Student's Book.

Past continuous ! fne past continuous is not used to talk about

repeated actions in the past:
F*ñtvt: y' I ckecked ruy emails tett times yesterd.ay.
was/were +verb + -ina
X I *qs ckeckírzg wy emaíl.s ten tiwes 3testerday.

l/He/5he/lt was eating. Linking words

You/We/They were eating.
U§E: we use linking words (and, because, but, or, when)
to link phrases, clauses and sentences.
l/He/She/lt was not / wasn't eating. We use and to link phrases and clauses:
You/We/They were not / weren't eating. She swims in the mornings and she goes jogging in the
Questions evenings.
Was l/he/she/it eating? We use because for a reason:
Were youlwe/they eating? We walked becquse it was a sunny day.
We use buf to link two different ideas:
Yes, l/he/she/it was. I like apples
but I hate orznges.
No, l/he/she/it wasn't. We use or to link alternatives:
Yes,you/we/they were. Would you like a hot or cold drink?
No, youlwe/they weren't. \Me use when to link clauses with time:
I liked school when I was eight.
U§H: to talk about: 1 something that was happening
over a period of time at a specific time in the past, 2 ! W" .un use because and. when at the beginning and in
background information or description in a story 3 the middle of a sentence:
an action in progress in the past when another thing I went ta bed becawse I was feeling tíreri"
happened (possibly interrupting it or stopping it), 4 two
actions in progress at the same time, and 5 a temporary .Beccuse tr was feeling tired, I wet'Lt to bed.-
situation in the past:
Past simple ! In stories or descriptions, we use the past continuous
for to describe the situation or to give background
See Grammar reference, Unit 3, pages 152 and 153
information, and we use the past simple to talk about
information about the form and use of the past simple.
events and actions:
If wss raining outside sa we stayed in and playerL
Past continuous
ü gaffie.
See Grammar reference, Unit 4, page 153, for information
about the form and use of the past continuous. ! In questions, we can use the past continuous to ask
about what was happening before an action or event,
! It ls possiUle to have verbs in both
the past simple and we can use the past simple to ask about what
and the past continuous in the same sentence. The happened after an action or event:
past continuous talks about what was happening when .What
were },ats daing v¡hen it sfarfecl t<t snow? 1rtre were
another shorter action happened. We use the past
w*zlkircg ín the waads.
simple for the shorter action that happened:
\Wat {t§"d yau do wkt:n it starteti fo sr¡o'r..1.'? We we*t ha¡ue
J w{rs Xdsfeaf fig ta music in my toom wl¡en fuksn
walked in.

Countable and uncountable nouns How much water do you drink evety day?
Countable nouns can be counted and have a singular He doesn't want much cake.
and plural form, e.g. one book, three books, one child, We use many witin countabie nouns in questions and
five children. negatives:
Uncountable nouns are often ideas (e.g. i4formation), How many books have you got?
materials (e.g. water, wood) or groups of similar things
(fur nitur e, lug g a g e, mo n ey, etc. ) . After unc ountable There weren't many people at the party.
nouns, we use a verb in the singular, even if we are
f, Too much and Too many have a negative meaning. We
talking about more than one object:
use them to mean more than the right amount'.
AII the furniture was old. 'l'here are too wtar.y people here. Let's go samewhere
Their luggage is heavy. quieter.

! fo tutt about one part of something that we usually some/any

refer to as a group of things, we can use words like We use some when we don't knov4 or don't want to sav
piece, slice, glass, etc.We usually use o/after these the exact number of something:
words, and we can use plural verbs with these words,
I think some people are coming. (I don't know
where appropriate:
how many)
Are l.wa pieces af t-*k-e enavtglt?
We use some in positive sentences and in questions
There ere fwo slfces a§ meat left an the pfate. when we think the answer will be yes:
Do you want some milk to drink?
! So*" nouns are both countable and uncountable, e.g.
We use any before countable and uncountable nouns in
Uncountable: The glass in the windaw ís broken.
negative sentences to mean a zero amount:
Countable: Put the gl*sses of juice on tke table.
There isn't any time to call her now.
{glasses = things to drink frcm) There aren't any free apps that I like.
Uncountable; l need Tnare paper ta write on.
We use any in questions when we don't know if the
Countable: Drzd rer¡ds the papers every mornirry- answer will be yes or no'.
(papers = newspapers)
Do you need any help?
Uncountable; l lave chacolste!
Countable: l,et's buy Mwn satxe clzacolates. ! N, *"urs the same as not any'.
(chocolates = srnall sweets in a trox/i:ag) There isn't srry tfiüne]t in my bag. /
There's n0 tnaney in my bcg"
Quantifiers afew/alotof
ti§É: A few means a small number o/. We use it in positive
sentences with countable nouns:
much/many
I bought afewT-shirts.
We use muchwith uncountable nouns in questions and
negatives: We use/ew in sentences with a negative meaning:
There are few shops open today.
Both a lot of and lots of mean a large number or quantity A little means a small number or quantity. We use it in
We use both phrases with countable and uncountable positive sentences with uncountable nouns:
nouns: I little soup andfelt better.
ate a
Lots of / A lot of people play computer games every day.
We use little in sentences with a negative meaning:
There's little point in phoning him. He never answers.

FSRM:
to compare two people, things, etc:
This game is newer than the others.

Adjective (one old we use the + the superlative form of adjectives to

syllable) compare more than two people, things, etc.:
Adjective (one/ wide + -rwider + -st widest i This is the most interesting website ever!
two syllables)
ending in -e ! We ¿on't always use thanwith comparatives when we
Adjective double the double the are comparing something which is obvious:
(one syllable) final letter + final letter + Tfiis ls ald"er sisfer. {= older than we)
m"v
ending in -er bigger -est
a vowel + biggest In the winter, the tveathet'is usual$ lvor"se. (= worse than
:9§9_l:lt-_ iii
¡l;
at atl'Ler times)
happy : replace -y replace -y ! We Aon't always use the with superlatives. We replace
I with -ler ; with -iest :

the with a possessive adjective:

;

Tlzís is my best scare so far.

Other adjective !,,,",.'i
(two or more I adjective i adjective
! \M" .un use even and. muchwith comparatives to make
, most
i
syllables) i more i
them stronger:
,_ *----+- : beoutiful i--
: beautiful
- -".-- :

lrregular qoo.d i better . best

: h{v design ís gaod, but Sasha's design is even/vnuch
adjectives bad I worse t. worst better!
far t forther/ t,
farthest/
| further
¡Urtner I, furtne5¡
furthest :

little I ,"rr ', l"ort I

ylylyyrl J-2r:** - .*-: ryol!*-- .',

FORM: ! ffre past participles of regular verbs end in -ed.

See the lrregular verbs reference, page 175, for the past
participle of irregular verbs.

! We ¿on't use contracted forms (I've, they've, she's, etc.)

in positive short answers:
Have you líved. herc lang?
y' ves, t have.
l/You/We/They hove not / haven't played football.
He/She/lt has not / hasn't played football.
X Yes, l've.

U§ñ: to ta-lk about: 1 past actions when the time üey

Have l/you/we/they (eve) played football? happened isn't important or isn't known,2 to talk about
experiences,3 with ever,irt questions asking about
Has he/she/it (ever) ployed football?
experiences up to nov¿ and 4 with never,in sentences to
talk about experiences that have not happened up to now:
Yes, l/you/we/they have.
N o, l/you/we/they haven't. l've bought lots of pairs of shoes.

Yes, he/she/it hos. They've lived all overtheworld.

No, he/she/it hasn't. Hove you ever seen one of these?
Present perfect simple and past simple in the past; we usually know when the action happened,
2 to give details or explanations, and 3 for a situation in
{JSH: we use the present perfect simple: 1 to talk about the past which has now finished:
finished action in the past that is still linked to the
a
present, 2 to report information or news, and 3 for a
j-*¡rrg isrqdlvii t ",t: ri:!sl** -
situation which has gone on up to the present: t
- -:-:-- --
i Z i bought a new phone at the shopping centre last week.
i

I- :3 Westudiedthereforfouryears.
, I ': ticket.
Anna has bought her train i
i-,-,.,*_ _
, - -. ,,.,:- -., -
,

it z 1 l've bought a new phone. i

,'
3 ' We've lived here for four years. ,

\M;,,,";hul;, ;i*pd; i;,"Il.u¡o.,t n;i'r,"á *ir""'

-.- .. --.-:]
FüftM: i Shortanswers !

:------*--*---'-*r
be + going /o + bare infinitive i tam.
Yes,
i

i-rye1{:?,3-9.1:
i Yes,you/we/theyore.
---l :

lrl Nq v?y!y:1:!,!*119!L:* __-* " , .,--, - --.. .: -*

:

___*i
L"!§f;: we use going to to: L talk about future plans, and 2
to predict something because of what see or know now:
You/ We/fhey are/'re not going to play. __-**-____l

i 1 i We're going to visit my grandparents next month. i

:-_:i What ore you going to do at the weekend? i

i 2 i He\ very near the goal. I think he's going to score.

*-----
i

i *iiY!v!:-g:!t?-!pvir:!:!e:t:? , - ---i
T
I When we have already made an arrangement with
someone else, we can also use the present continuous:
I'wz playirzg tennis witlt -l'Ijrlc this eveninE.

See Grammar reference, Unit 7, above, for information U§§: we use will:1 when we decide to do something at
about the form and use of going to. that moment, 2 to say what we think or guess what will
happen, and 3 to make offers or requests:
FORTVl:
will + bare infinitive
f"^*-- --***---**-- '
2 | t don't think the test will be difficult
, Positive i
___.
----_*_-
_--t
i ; Ooyouthinkeveryonein the classwill pass? Yes, lthinkthey
: I/Yo u / H e/Sh e/l t/We/f hey wi I I p I ay. I
i i
,_
i will.
j Negative
,_. i 3 t Will you help me with my homework?
iJ& v1 !!l H !!:ü :¿ y!Uy: l! ?,: A3.r .* * .
i-:!!!-g-t!t-.y-g-tt"ttlt:{:L!li::-ltv-:--
, Questions ., : ! Sometimes will and, going to are both correct.
t Will l/you/hehhe/it/we/they ploy? ¡
\Me usually use going fo when we speak:
Short answers
.-*-:*.****-* -,-------j Do you think the te{rúzer wí§§ give us aft}/ ho*'¡ewark?
i l/you/hehhe/it/we/theywill.
Yes, i
'Da yow think the teacher is Eoing ta give us {rnv
i No t/you/he/shelt/we/they yo-11!. _ _ _ ___ j hamework?'
F0Hfix: Necessity - need/needn't
Modals have only one form and are usually followed by To say that something is necessary in order to achieve
the bare infinitive of the main verb. something else, we use need'.
i* ---*-.*- --- I need to pass the exam to go to university.
i Positive l
i-.*--"--.-*-.--*------*..----,,..j You need to go to bed early because you've got an exam
tJ*!"*/!l:1!!w{!:¿y:yl:trT!-t!:-9}s:?p:- - -- l tomorrow.
ir-"g{¡v--" -
,-(:y!-:/21:yM!:!"!y!-!!*!-?:!:t!llyytl!::st:-_e.e:_,___i
-l To say that something isn't necessary we use needn't:
You need.n't shout. I can hear you!
_Qlestions ,
You needn't answer both questions.You can just
U:v-!5,!Av'L..":::1ry-2v1!-9/*-,1J!/-y,-1:'!l:!J-,-i
-- l choose one.

-.*-* **-:** *---.-- -------* - --*-i

i Yes, t/you/hehhe/it/we/they may/con/must, etc. i Obligation - hove to / must
i!':-t!!9"y1!_"!:!_"1!!*:1!:!yy!91!_,:!'!P:!'i!!:f}Í_-_.-._*i When something is necessary we use have to:
I have to arrive at school before 9:00 every morning.
! Xeed and.have /o change form like a regular verb:
y' Sne need.s ta go. My dad has to go to work on Saturdays.
When something isn't necessary we use don't hqve to:
X Sl,re need to ga.
We don't have to go to school on Sundays.
d lt has to Eo"
My sister doesn't have to wear e uniform to school.
X r{ have ta Ea.
! We often use have /o to talk about something that
! W" ,rr" don't need. to or need"n'twith the bare someone else says is necessary:
infinitive.
We have ta sta¡td up when aur teacher comes in tlze
We d.an't need ta finisl't ou¡, homewark tonigkt. classroc»n.
We needn't finish aw, hamewcrk tonígltt"
! fo trtt about obligation in the past, we usually use
! We ¿on't vse can as an inflnitive. We use be able to: had to:
y' l'd t¡Xe ta be able t{} run a maruttltan. y' I nod tu ga to scltoolyesterday.
X {d t¡xe la c&n run a. merathon. X f must p1a to schctal yesterday.
To talk about things that are essential or necessary to
USE: to talk about abilit5a possibilit¡a and obligation.
do, because other people say so or because the person
doing the action believes so, we use must/mustn't'.
Abif ity - can/could
You must go to school.
To talk about ability in the present, we use ccn:
We mustn't be late.
Tom can speak three languages.
Linda can't swim. ! Uust is not common in the question form. We usually
use have to:
I
! We don't use ccl? to talk about ability in the future. 13o l,ou heve ta weilr a schoal uniform.?
We use will be able to.
I l'tt Ue able ta speak Spanísh well in a few years'tüne. Possibility - may/might
l( I *on speak Spanish well in a.{bw years' time. To say that something is possibly true or not true, or
To talk about general ability in the past, we use could: will possibly happen or not happen, we use may/might:
Andrea could play the piano when she was six. I may need some help to finish my homework.
Sam couldn't read when he was four. It might not be the correct enswer. I'm not sure.

! We Aonl use couldfor specific ability in the past.

We use was/were able to:
y' Í. *cs abl.e ta finístt my homework in ane haur
lctst nigttl.
X I cautd finish my htsmewark in rtr¿e l,taur last nigkt.
F0RM: modalverb + bare infinitive To ask for, give and refuse permission now in the
*-***_"-**"¡ future, or generally we use ccl?:
f""{Ir.-*--***---* **-*--*-*.i !
Can I watchW?
Jlg:1!r§:(!/y{n:t!:!-':J!)J?!'::-*-"--*----; I can go out with my friends at the weekend. (Mum has
IrEIr*-
l/You/He/She/lt/WelThey (should not / shouldn't)
*--*- .* * **-
leave.
i
l
already given me permission.)
i
We can't eat or drink in class. (The teacher never gives
Questions us permission to do this.)

! to tutL about permission in the past, we don't use

i Short answers i could.We often use be allowed to:
(should). -*-.-"**i
1Yes, l/you/he/she/it/we/they y' I wasn't allrwed ta play video gatnes when l was
I No, l/you/he/she/it/we/they
L_.____. ', __
(shouldn't). '

i yaung.
USE: to talk about advice. permission, polite requests, X I cowldtt't watch videa lJon"res when I was youwg.
prohibition.
Polite requests - could
Advice - should To make a polite request, we use could:
We also use should when we want to ask for and Could you open the window, please?
give advice:
Couldlaskaquestion?
Should I buy this shirt?
You should eat a lot offruít and vegetables. Prohibition - mustn't
When we want to say something is a good or bad idea To talk about something that is not allowed, we
but not necessary we use should or shouldn't: use mustn't'.
Everyone should learn how to swim. You mustn't copy your friend's homework.
You shouldn't play video games late at night. You mustn't use your phone in class.

Permission - con

Zero conditional ! W" .rn use when or r/. The meaning is the same:
If I don't feel well, I usually stay at home.
FORM:
When I dan't feel well, I usuellv stcry at horne.
I/+ present simple, present simple
If you push the button, the door opens. First conditional
! tfr" y.turse can be at the beginning or the end of FSRIVI:
the sentence. If it is at the beginning, it has a comma
after it: ff+ present simple, will/won't + bare infinitive
If tlze weather is gaad, we play in the park. If it's cold this evening, I'll turn on the heating.
We play in the park if the weatker is goad. If it rains this afternoon, I won't go outside.

I§yrsu have a headache, what do yau do? U§E: to talk about possible events/actions now or in the
What cla you da if you have" a headache? future, and the results of those events/actions:
If the internet doesn't work, we'll play some board
tjSH: to talk about things that are always or usually games.
true, and facts:
If it doesn't snow this winter, we won't go skiing.
If it's sunny, our cat usually spends the day in the garden.
You'll get wet if you don't take an umbrella.
Water turns to ice if the temperature falls to
zero degrees.
Second conditional If you were much taller, you'd be the best basketball
player at school.
FS*IVI:
You wouldn't speak Spanish if you lived in France.
If + past simple, would/wouldn't + bare infinitive
If I had a helicopten I would fly to school every day. ! lM" .un also use other mod.al verbs.
ff my sister spoke Engfish, she cow"l.d fzelp me u,itlt
! The contracted form of would ís'd: rny ttot¡tewark.
If I had a helícapter, L'd ttry to sc,hoo/ e,./e?y day.
! W" .un use both was and.were vnt]n I, he, she and it, in
U§H; to tatk about events/actions that are impossible second conditional sentences.
or unlikely now or in the future, and what the results of If §. was a scientist, I'd. hetp to prrstect plants and aníwals.
the events/actions would be if they did happen:
If X. were r¿ scientist, I'tl help fü pratect plants
and animats.

See Grammar reference, Unit 6, pages 1"55 and 1"56, olready, just and yef
for information about the form and use of the present When we use the present perfect simple tense to talk
perfect simple.
about a finished action in the past that is still linked to
I ¡t§. the present, we can use already, just or yet to give more
information.
There are some words we can use with the present
We use already when something happened before now:
perfect simple tense which help to tell us more about
when something happened. I've already brushed my teeth. (I did it earlier.)
We use jusl when we want to say something happened
for and since a very short time ago:
When we use the present perfect simple tense to taik The match has just finished. (The players are still on
about something that began in the past and is still true, the field.)
we can use /or and since to give more information. We use yetv'rif}:. negative sentences and questions:
We use /or to talk about a period of time and since to The doctor hasn't arrived yet. (We are waiting for
talk about the time something started: him/her.)
I've been a waiter for eight years. Has the doctor arrived yet? (Is the doctor here now?)
I've been a waiter since 2010.

----*_l
Verb+infinitive l-ing i Verb or phrases usually followed by the -in9 form of a- verb
|-**- **---***-**- *"j-*-*-*-**.4*-- :

--_
F*RMr ,p,li;);;;,
i d¡st¡t<e, enjoy, finish, hate, kkeep, like, love, |d,;,);;d
(don
i practise, understand ^;;,*--l
Sometimes we use one verb followed by another verb. \ He enjoyed playing the new video game.
The second verb can be in the infinitive or the -lng form: i They practised speaking in English.
verb + infinitive form of the second verb Verb followed by the full inf initive or -i ng f orm of the verb,
verb + -ing f.orm of the second verb
begin, continue, hate, love, start
She wants to give me a present.
They began to wotch a film. /They began watching a film.
He enjoys reading about animals. Ethan loves to go climbing. / Ethan loves going climbing. I

Verb followed by the full infinitive or -ing form of the verb, i

w_ith a chanse Ll_T:"ling

Verbs or phrases usually followed by the full infinitive forget, go on, like, mean, remember, stop, try
+to) l
;
Iremember buying this book for Mum. (l remember when I

be able, agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, need, offer, bought it.)
plan, prepare, promise, tell, wa¡t, want, would like :. lrememberedtobuyabookforMum. (l didn'tforgetto buy
*__ :_
i

Gemma decided to go skateboarding.

We didn't wait to see the end of the film-
i :!:-9"::l L::1,:1r9-9:,i:i_y:T"l l
F*RMÉ:
t"-'-"**"---*-*-*--*l-*--:---'"-*--*-*--:---*-**-":'-----*--a---'----"------: When we want to talk about a person, place or thing
People Places lThings
ii-**"*.*'-"-*-.'-].*.-***.-.¡."
i i I
that we don't know or that isn't important, we use
i i everyone everywhere
every- ---i----*-::-*- '. everything
*-i" someone, somewhere or something:
"-*--r-- - ' -*-- - -'*"'-"""-*l ]

i some- someone i somewhere j something Someone phoned earlier but they didn't leave a message.
-****--**-*--r---.. *----*".---i*-*--.
1,
-"-*--*-::-: --. .-' *"- -i ;

i any- i anyone : anywhere I anything i I left my bicycle somewhere near here.

I'm sure I have forgotten something important.
ñ-§§E: to talk about people, places or things without
saving exactly who or what they are. ! we don't usually use someone, somewhere or
We use pronouns ending in -body or -one for people, something in negative sentences:
pronouns ending rn -thing for things and pronouns / t huven't g¡at *nytlzing in my bag.
ending in -where for places:
X I hr¡ven't gof sormeflu íu g in my bag.
I think there is someone in the garden.
(We don't know who it is.) In questions and negative sentences, we use anyone,
anything and anywher e'.
I like everything about this house.
(the bedrooms, the kitchen, the garden, the view etc.) Did anyone visit while I was at the shops?
Is there anywhere you'd like to go? Is there anything we need to do before we go on holiday?
(This could be any piace.) We didn't go anywhere at the weekend.

! W" ,r" fhe he/she/it form of a verb after indefinite ! \M" .rn also use anyone, anything and, anywhere in
pronouns: positive sentences:
Evetl,ane rYCEf§ 10 go ta tlte P*r$. Yau r:on have aruytking yau"d like in the shap"

Tell t¡'Le ..,-',ten so¡¡rct!úng hapyterzs. lüe can go *wyw§eere yau want an halirla.v.
When we want to talk about all of the people, piaces ! W" .un add possessive's to indefinite pronouns:
or things without saying exactly what they are, we use
ev eryone, ev etywhere or ev erything'.
We fourzd. soiite&ody's tr:h-cne in the park.

Everyone I know likes this W programme. Js 1&is anybady"s bc¿tt?

I've looked everywhere for my keys, but I can't find them.

Everything he said to me is true.

F&ffiFst: \Me use who to talk about people (and sometimes

animals):
i Pronoun ! *-*- use I Example I think he's the boy who broke my phone!
-*"-* "-**-- i*:^**"
:

=-*-"--*-----'i
, who or that ':
for people : H,e\ the man who lives next \Me use which to talk about things (and sometimes
r r :door. i
:

animals):
i:,1
: +t
I or
that
-*
^"
: for things
i f^" tX¡^^. i1, lworkfor
t,^,^,t ¡^, acompanythat
- rnmnnntttha* ]
i
Is this the book which the teacher was talking about
i which i I sells.computers
'Dadworksinafactorywhich ;
yesterday?
; I i

We use that for people or animals and thlngs:

relative clauses to say exactly who or

Ll$ffi: we use Is she the girl that you were telling me about?
what we are talking about:
! \M" .un use that instead of who or which.
Mr Ackmann is the manwho checks the money.
(It tells us exactly who Mr Ackmann is.) tr thiztk h-e's the bcy that brake my phane!

This is the card that opens the office door. ls this tl'Le baak tlzat tl"¡e teocher v¡as tal,kina übot¡t
(It tells us what the card does.) Yest€rdav?
 F#R&1: be + past participle
LɧH: we use the present simple passive when: 1 we
don't know who does the action, 2 it isn't important who
l*-**"*-*'* - * "-* -i does the action, and 3 when everyone knows who does
i I om/'m taught English every day. i
I the action:
i You/WelThey are/'re taught English every day. *- -
1,,^ r"u^ r,n :- rr-.-..-LL r^^t:-L ^.,^-., )^., ' 1-
- -
;; ; ; i,;;;;;,i ai,r"i. ?wá;;, il"*;üñ ¿ .h
"
, wtnoow.)
Negative
i i Bicycles ore often stolen outside the railway statlon. (We
.
:

-! :!Jy r-,J !l.v g l LE:g !:!: sy 4ty:- i-;9l!:fge[y!e-'le1!1ú-"lll** -

1

i
2 , The best tomatoes are grown in Romania. (We aren't
', I

: I interested in the person who grows them.) i

I i fne buitding is painted once a year. (lt isn't important who i

f *-i-egittrtl"-Pytr9lsL__
'.
__*_ _* * j
. 3 We are given homework every day. (Everyone knows the
-..-*_*.:-.1 , teacher gives us homework.)
i

-_ - --- ---i
l
!::-yey!v:/!!e!--Y!-q!:!:e-!!::::t!,yi _ i i Lunch is served every day from 2-2 pm ¡n the restaurant.
1
i

i fI:-[rytl*-,!s-yg[e[rs:s]yr:Il--_-_-_- _ __i
-i

j t i Th¡s car was made in Spain. (We don't know which people !

made the car.) :

i-**"+-**.*"'"
2 ' The dogs weren't token for a walk last nlght (The person i

who didn't take the dog for a walk is not important.)

i,--*"t_.-__.--_ .:--*-*-j
i 3 i Were the students given a test yesterday. (We know tests I

i---jg§-ety:l.Pv-l-":-.Isll.l- - -- - -- --i
! Wfr"r'we want to say who or what does the action, we
can use by:
Tlze ;¡ard,en is lao.l<er). after by *ty J'athr.r.
üinner is usuali.v caoked by my grandmathe-r.
I
We use by when it is important to say who or what did
-"1 the action:
i Yes, l/he/she/it was. i

y?:!!,!:!!: We were given this picture by a local artist,

i y.e-t-!-?: l-y-!-y-f: ---- -- - - j

This book was written by Roald Dahl.

i Yes, you/we/they were.
i l:: vgyty-g1l!,!- y":"-!:! ry-":9_!:!:
1

! lMe always putby before the person or thing that did

{,F§H:we use the past simple passive when: 1 we don't the action:
know who did the action, 2 it isn't important who did y' fltey ,\;€{e s€nt tltis postr:erd. Ísy tkeir.{riends in Byazil.
the action, and 3 when everyone knows who did the
action: X 'fney were sent lty ti'tis pasttard tÍteir §riends in Bt azil.

! We Aon't use by when we don't know who did the

action or it isn't important:
This fridge wt¡s vnade @*Jb:rrory; in Germany.
The lights were turne{} an by-st ?fie{ifie befare tvt arrive,tl.
lntroduction
T}iisVocabulary reference contains all the target vocabulary from OptimiseAZ Student's
Book. The words and phrases are grouped in unit orde[ so you can look at them as you
work on the vocabulary lessons throughout the book. You can also use these pages for
revision when you're preparing for a test or an exam.
The target vocabulary has been divided into five groups:

These are the main types of phrasal verbs:

The Topic vocabulary sections focus on words Type 1: the verb is transitive (has an object).
connected to the unit topic. Learning these words and .When
the object is a noun, we can put the particle
being able to use them correctly will help you in your
before or after the noun:
exams. Haüng a wide vocabulary is important for
Reading and'Writing and Speaking exams. I'ilpick ja wp at six. / I'lI píck up Joe at six.
'W'hen the
object is a pronoun, the pronoun must
separate the two parts of the phrasal verb:
r' I'§ piak her up.

The Word formation sections give you all the different

X I'll pick up her.
parts of speech -verbs, adjectives, nouns and adverbs
- that come from root words that appear in Optimise Type 2: the verb is intransitive (does not have an
,42 Student's Book. Exams often test you on word object) and you cannot separate the two parts of
formation, so learning all the forms of a word is a good the verb:
way to make sure you are prepared for your exam.
y' Please come in ond qet warm.
I Please cawe cnd get warm in.

! So*" phrasal verbs may have different meanings

when they are used transitively or intransitively:
Collocations are phrases with two or more words
which go together in English. Learning collocations will The plane t*ak af,f at ten tkirfy. {= leqve the ground and
help you in some exam tasks. It will also improve your ga in{a the sky) tr'll take my jacket aff vthen Í feel warmer.
English in Speaking and Writing exams. é t Pmava tlothittg)

Type 3: the verb is transitive (has an object) but

you cannot separate the two parts of the verb:
'W'ordpatterns are phrases which use a range of y' Can yau ktrsk afier the cat vlhile I'*'t cway?
grammatical structures, for example, phrases with X Can yau loak rny c*t a§ter while f'yn away?
prepositions (good at, interested in) or nouns that go
together (car park, petrol station).
Throughout the Vocabulary reference, you will see
different abbreviations. This key explains what they
ail mean.

Phrasal verbs are made of a verb (take, come, look,

KEY: adj = adjective; adv = adverb; n = noun; sth = something;
etc.) plus a word called a particle. The particle can be
v = verb
an adverb (up, down, etc.) or a preposition (in, on, etc.).
Remember that some phrasal verbs have more than
one meaning; in the tables, the meaning given for the
phrasal verb always matches the one used in the unit.
 Word Example sentence
cycling (n) My history teacher goes cycling every summer.

horse-riding (n) Elly sometimes goes horse+iding in Wa¡es with her

school.

My aunt plays the piano in a concert hall once a month.

painting (n) I don't enjoy drawing with a pencil, but I like painting.
I enjoy going to the gaming café to meet my friends.
playing computer Mark loves playing his favourite computer games at the
games (n) weekend.
Bridget's looking at the old cars in the museum.

reading (n) Liam loves reading, so he buys lots of book. I somet¡mes go to the opera house with my class and
listen to famous singers.
rockclimbing (n) Helen often hurts her knee when she goes rock
climbing.
Do you like going to see plays at the theatre?

skateboarding (n) I never go skateboard¡ng! lt looks dangerous.

swimming (n) 5he says that swimming is her favourite sport.

barbecue (n) We sometimes have a barbecue in our garden during

the summer. Core word Example senten(e

beach (n) Do you ever playvolleyball on the beach?

act ¡n Matt sometimes acts in school plays.

collect (v) dance with Amber danced with her sister at the concert ¡n the park,
Jamie collects old comics - hel got more than two
hundred!
go out Do you usually go out with your friends on Saturdays?
magazine (n) His picture looks great in the magaz¡ne.
l¡sten to Please listen to me when l'm talking to you.
photograph (n) Lizzie has about 200 photographs for her school project.
look at (sth) What are you looking at?

tent (n) I dont like sleeping in a tent because I get cold. playwith Do you play with your classmates after school?

stay in We usually stay in when there is a bad storm.

try (sth) on I always try shoes on before I buy them.

i¡
i*cgl9 ,y9.rd __ iDerivatives

board game j This board game is boring - can we play C/uedo instead?

Dan doesn't wear his glasses when he watches films on

acinema screen-

,r'9::ll"Y9.::_91Ti9pl1ly:1":s:T::!l i DVD player I We watch films on the computet so we dont use our

She reads newspaper articles about sport every

morning.

What is yourfavouriteTV programme? I think Fíends

¡s greatl

We get offthe train at Hallwood

station then walk home.

Tom always lools after our dog

when we go on holiday.

Turn offthe alarm clock! lt's Sundayl

Word Example sentence
apple (n), Apples and bananas are my favourite fruits. The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco is very big!
banana (n)
Matt is waiting for you at the bus stop.
beans (n) Dad grows beans in the garden, so we often eat them
with our meals. Flights are often delayed at Chr¡stmas time.

beef (n) We're having beef for dinner. Be quick! I don't want to miss the bus.

bread (n) My mum bakes very nice bread. I love it with The railway station is near my house.
honey on it.
You need to stop at the roundaboutl
carrots (n), My favourite food is carrots, but Ellie's is cereal.
<ereal (n) There! always a lot oftraffrc in the city centre.
cheese (n) I am having a cheese sandwich for lunch.
Cars stop when the traffic lights are red.
chicken (n) We often have chicken salad for dinner

honey (n) Do you like honey w¡th yoghurt?

lettuce (n) Ryan doesn't like salad, so he never eats lettucel

milk(n) My dad buys milk every week from the supermarket.

oil (n) Mum usually cooks the potatoes in the oven - she puts He is tryinq to find a space in the car park.
oilon them.
You can get a driving licence in England when
onions (n) Do you usually eat onions with your steak? youle 17.
oranges (n) We always have oranges in the house. Mum likes us to
eat an apple or an orange every day.

pasta (n) You can make a nice meal with pasta and tomatoes
There is a petrol station atthe end of my road.
potatoes (n), Do you prefer potatoes or r¡ce with your beef.¿
rice (n)

salt (n) Tim never puts salt on his food, but I do.
The ticket machine isn't working so we cant buy our
steak (n) I never eat meat, but my brother's favourite meat
train trckets here.
is steak.

Ed wants to be a tour guide when he's older.

strawberries (n) We love eating strawberries and ice cream in the
summer,
My grandpa always checks the traffic news before he
(n) tomato salad for to have with the leaves the house.
tomatoes Mum prepared a us
chicken.

vinegar (n) Do you put vinegar on fish and chips?

yoghurt (n) Adam eats yoghurt on his cereal for brealdast.

Phrasal verb i

whatsomebodysaysto, Comeinandhaveadrinkof
invite you into a place : juice.

to collect something or
somebody, often in a car

I fried (adj),fryer(n) Henry is setting off now to

: '-"-'-'-'
go to the skateboarding
I qrilled (adj),grill (n)
competition.

toleavethegroundand j Howdoyoufeelwhenthe
gointothesky ! planetakesofP
to leave a main road Turn offatthe next exit.Thatt
the road to Edinburgh.

Colin learnt to bake bread because he wants to be

a baker one day.

Can we have lunch in a restaurant on my birthday?

Who makes breakfast in your house?

All the students are taking an exam at the moment.

 Word Example sentence
b¡ll(n) Don't forget to ask the waiter for the bill.
Harry often uses his dad's new camera to take p¡ctures
buy (v) Are you buying those shoes?
at the weekend.

cash (n) Robert lost his backpack, but luckily he keeps his cash
My grandma can use a keyboard, but shet a bit slow.
in his pocket.
Danielle sometimes takes her laptop to school
<hange (n) Here's your f2 change.
My computer work well, but the mouse isn't very good,
so I want a new one.
cheque (n) I never pay for an¡hing by cheque

cost (v) How much does thatjacket cost?

This printer only pr¡nts in black and white!

<reditcard (n) l'm going to use my credit card to pay to join the gym.
That screen is broken, so I cant see the picture.
customer (n) It's my job to ask customers what they want.
Vespa's new hobby is blogging about school. She often
posts photos as well.
department store They sell lots of different things in that department
(n) store.
I want to download Rihanna's song onto my phone.
market (n) All the fruit in the market looks lovely.
The graphics in his last film are amazingl

receipt (n) Liz got a receipt for the clothes she bought,
Did you find all the information for your project on¡ine?

shop assistant (n) Let's askthe shop assistant ifhe has these shoes in a
It's important to have good computer software because
bigger size.
it means you can do more things.

shopper (n) There aren't many shoppers here today because the
weather is so bad.

shopping centre (n) There are always a lot of people in the shopping centre
on Saturdays.

spend (v) Do you spend a lot of money going horse+iding every

month?

supermarket (n) Grant, will you go to the supermarket and get some
Not many people use CD players these days. bread, please?

In Amer¡ca, they call mobile phones cell phones

Do the pupils in your school use laptop computers in

class? I will pay for your new tennis racket.

Our school has its own web page. ls Sam paying in cash forthe cinema tickets?

Put your coat on - it's cold outside.

Seth didn't likethejeansso hetookthem backtothe

shop and changed them.

Please take your dirty trainers off before you come ¡n.

Do you want me to download that piece ofsoftware

Mum always writes down what she wants before she
for you?
goes shopping forfood.

I need to make a phone call to my grandma now.

Did you open the correct file?

Do you catch the bus to school or do you walk?

Mum does the shopping every Saturday.

Lisa says she wants to take a photograph ofour school
from a helicopterl There are some trainers for sale in Spor\lShoes today.

Darren wanted to watch a DVD but he decided to read Myfriend and I go shopping together.
a book instead.
That's nine pounds, ñfty, please. Here's ten pounds -
keep the change.
Word Example sentence Badminton is the best sport I have ever playedl
biology (n) l'm not going to study biology at university. l'm not
My grandpa is very good at cricket and plays every weekend
interested in plants and animals.
in the summer.

board (n) My English teacher writes new words on the board.

Mum, where's my kit? l'm going to play football.

bookshelf (n) Did you have a bookshelf in your old room?

The pool near my school is busy on Saturdays because lots
of children go swimming at the weekend.
desk (n) EIinor has got a lot of book on her desk

d¡ctionary (n) We can use our dictionaries in English Iessons.

eraser (n) Can I borrow your eraser, please?

We enjoyed going to the stadium to watch the rugby match.

geography (n) Ienjoy geography because I like learning about

Will you teach me to play table tennis?
different countries.

And Will is the winner of the compet¡tion!

h¡story (n) We learntabout HenryVlll in historytoday,

learn (v) Nadine thought she would learn a lot during her acting
course.

maths (n) Iheard that Albert Einstein wasn't good at maths when
he was at school. Derivatives
music (n) Do you sing in your music lessons, or do you just play j play(v) r player(n)
the piano?
, run(v) : running(n),runner(n)
physics (n) We did an experiment in physics today. ll
surf (v) surfing (n), surfer (n)
pfactise (v) It's good to practise speaking English every day.
i!1 swim (v) i swimming (n), swimmer (n)
remember (v) Did you remember to do your homework? il
-...-..t " .. " ---"*^*-*{
I win (v) : winning (n),winner (n)
study (v) Hugo is studying very hard because he wants to
become a doctor.

teach (v) Can you teach me how to play the violin?

She is qoing to climb a mountain in March.

We need to arrive at the airport by 12:00 a.m.

What did you do at work today? I am going to go swimming every week next term

Can I borrow a pencil from you, Harriet? Playinq cricket looks easy, but it! not

She said she needed help with preparing dinner. Are you going to throw the ball to me or not?

We learn about pronunciation in English lessons. And Bolt wins the race againl

I iearnt a lot from the teachers in my old school.

I need to do homework before we go out.

Can you draw a picture of me with my cat?

My brother ¡s going to go to university in September.

My mum wants to learn a foreign language - French.

He left school early because he didnt feel well.

l'm going to take a photography course.

 Word Example sentence
Word Example sentence ankle (n) When did you hurt your ankle?Were you running at the
time?
cloudy (adj) It's cloudy, but the planes are still taking off.
arm (n) I broke my arm so I cant write at the moment.
fog (n) We couldnt see the lake because of all the fog.
back (n) You can get back problems ifyou sit at the computerfor
foggv (adj) It ¡s dangerous to drive when it's foggy. too long.

brain (n) ls it true that your brain remembers everything you've

ice (n) There was ¡ce on the road so we decided to go backto
ever done?
the hotel.
ear (n) My grandma had her ears checked last month because she
rainy (adj) We dont qo campinq when it's very rainy. can't hear well.

snow (n) When I woke up and looked outside, the garden was eye (n) Some people have one blue eye and one green eye
covered in snow.
face (n) He looked at his face ¡n the mirror and then brushed his hair.

sun (n) Let's go ouf and play - the sun's shining now finger (n) My finger hurts because my brother shut the door on it!

sunny (adj) It's so sunny todayl I am going to stay inside. foot (n) These trainers dont fit well - I think ¡'ve got one foot bigger
than the other-
thunderstorm We aren't taking the dog for a walk in this thunderstorm!
(n)
hand (n) Luke held his mumt hand while they walked across the
busy road.

windy (adj) Don't wear a hat - it's too windyl heart (n) Running makes your heart go faster.

beach (n) He could qo to the beach if he is bored, knee (n) Lots of people hurt their ankles or their knees when they try
skateboarding for the first time.
forest (n) Can we take the dog for a walk in the forest?
leg (n) Jack had never been in an ambulance before he broke
his leg.
hill (n) You can see our house from the top of that hill.
neck (n) She had a beautiful scarf round her neck.
mountain (n) LooklThere's snow on the top ofthe mountain.
nose (n) The football hit Fred on the nose and broke it!
river (n) Can we go for a boat trip on the river?
stomach (n) Cows have four stomachs!

sl«y (n) It lsnt cloudy so we can see a lot of stars in the sky tonight! throat (n) Your throatl going to hurt ifyou keep singing!

It's interesting to do experiments and learn about why Ineed to make an appointment with Doctor Jonet
things happen. please.

Suzi ¡s good at singing and playing the guitar. I took that course in English last year.

lfyou eat too much fast food, it could be a danger to

Itl ¡mportant to study hard for your exams. your health.

I learnt about cooking by watching a video on YouTube! This is a hospital for people with back problems.

What is the matter with Dan? He look worried.

What ¡s the best t¡me of the year to vis¡t your country?
Keri has to take medicine for her sore throat

l've got a pain in my leg. I hurt ¡t climbing.

We all want to do well in the English test.

Amy broke her leg when she went skiing last year.

Do you brush yourteeth twice a day?

catch a <old I I think l've caught a cold. I feel hot and my throat

Fed is feeling much better since he took his medicine.

Millie is feeling ill so we need to make an

appointment with the doctor.

Does your mum take your temperature when you?e

not feeling well?
 Word Example senten€e Word Example sentence
actor (n) Shet wanted to be an actor since she was five years old. armchair (n) My grandma loves s¡tting in her comfortable armcha¡r

cleaner (n) Have you seen the cleaner who looks after our offices? bath (n) I usually have a shower in the mornings, but sometimes I

lie in the bath and listen to music.

engineer (n) You have to go to study ifyou want to be an engineer
bed (n) The bed in the hotel wasnt comfortable.
firefighter (n) The firefighters helped everyone to leave the building
before the fire got too big. blanket (n) Can you give me a blanket please? l'm a bit cold.

journalist (n) Ned is a journalist and he writes for a car magazine. bookcase (n) Seb's bought a new bookcase for all his books.

pilot (n) The pilot managed to land the plane safely on a river! chair (n) Let's take the chairs outside and sit in the sun.

police ofñcer (n) The police offrcer asked us questions about the robbery. cooker (n) Mum's standing bythe cooket preparing dinner.

shop assistant (n) The shop assistant helped me to find the right shoes. fridge (n) Can you get the cheese out ofthe fridge, please?

career (n) Mari has a good career as an actress ¡n a newTV lamp (n) I have a lamp so I can read in bed.
programme.
pillow(n) I put my head on the pillow and fell asleep immediately
company (n) Some young people have started their own companies.
shower (n) It takes me five minutes to have a shower.
customef (n) All the customers love the new pizza restaurant.
sink (n) Please wash those dishes in the sink before you leave.
earn (v) Vicky is saving the money she earns to buy a new car
sofa (n) Lets sit together on the sofa and watch TV.
manager (n) lf there's a problem, we speakto the manager.
table (n) Put the food on the table please while I bring the water.
meeting (n) I have meetings all day today; I hope I have time for
toilet (n) Please may I go to the toilet?
I unch.
towel (n) You're wet! Here's a towel for you.
social media Why do you want to work as a social media ofñcer?
ofñcer (n)
staff (n) The manager is meet¡ng the new stafftoday.

worker (n) AII the workers enjoy working for this company. Meaning i Example sentence
She fi nallyfound out who the
present was from.

II Core word II Derivatives -l

¡

I art (n) I artist (n), artistic (adj) i

I <lean(n/v) i cleaner(n)
i dentist (n) i dentistry (n)

r drive (v) I driving (n), driver (n)

I ',-',

Collocation Example sentence

do the washing- She does the washing-up to help her mum

up
have a shower I want to have a shower before we go out.

make my bed I make my bed every morning, as soon as I get up.

move house Have you and your family ever moved house or have you
always Iived here?

tidy your room tidy my room every Saturday morning before I go out to
I
I meet my friends.
'
. --
- -,- - -.
- - ** ,. *. * '*,.' , -,,
' .,..:

wash the floor Harry walked in with d¡rty trainers on so Mum had to
wash the floor.

Core word Example sentence

diploma in She just got a d¡ploma in engineering.

manager of He is the manager of a famous footballteam.

meeting with I have an important meeting with my manager later today.

srngef rn Sanjay is a singer in a local rock band.

works for Beth works for a big company.

writer of She is famous as a writer of children's stories

 Read the email from your
English friend, Ethan. Hi Jake !

Thanks for your email. I went to the cinema at the weekend with
my friends and played tennis wrth my brother. Do you play tennrs?
What are your hobbiesT Do you have the same hobbies as your
friends and family?

Write an email to Ethan and Email

answer his questions,
Etha n
Write 100 words.

Use Hi or Hello
-ii- *,-i:.l
and your friend's Respond to what
I cl:
first name. your friend said
Qr rhio¡r'
in their email. Ask
some quest¡ons
Thank your
friend for their
tli Ethan i about what they
said.
email.
Thanks Íor your ernaii. i lrke hearing about yaur weekenci. Dicl
l'-------t I you and y*ur friends eniov the film? i iike films, tac, irut i d*n't t
i Answeryour i Answer yout
l, friend's second l* l friend's first
It.tquestion. i :'--, You asked abcul rny hobhies. !,tleii. I don'"1 ha.¡e a iot cf f ree
question.
:ii
time, but i iii<e playing cümpLit*r games. i ¡:lay witli irieirds
Answer your
friend's third
online. ! trave f ¡'iends all av*r the world ünd lve enjoy ili,

question.
piayrng t*g*ther

I also reaily ii<* coilpglre.grc6ñs. My uncie gsve me 3 cüin

At the end of the
email say\Nrite
Ch!na lest year. l'l'dlot tsn cüins frorn cilfferent CÚUNtTiSS I

soon, Write back,

Email back. You \,\i"ite soan. ñnci send mü soma photos üf 'loLjr family.
can also use Take
care, Love or I look
Write your first
forward to hearing
name at the end.
from you to end an
informal email. ri

Read the email from your

English friend, Ella.

Thanks for your email. I went out with my friends for dinner at the
weekend. We ate Chinese food.
What food do you like eatingT What was the last meal you
cooked? Do you have any interesting food in your country?

Write an email to Ella and Write back soon !

answer her questions.

Write 1OO words.
 Your English teacher wants you to write a story ruith the title A eat - qnd my coasin - in a tree!'.
Write vour story in 100 words.

ln the first paragraph, answer the questions

When?/Where?/Who?/What were you/they
(doi n g/playi ng / eating, etc.)?

A CAT _ AND 1\{Y ÜÜUSIN *

Last summer, my ccusin Ed came i* stay. Üne §aturday Use the past
cont¡nuous to
moming, vve rvr/ere playing¡n the garden when we hreard show a situation
in progress when
sorreone shout 'F{elp!' .in the street something else
happened.
We ran rnto the sffeet and saw lüirs Tayiar, our neighbour. She
was pointlng at the top of a }:ig tree. 'What's the prohlem, lVirs
W
I saywhat
nappened next.
I
Taylor?' i askeci.
Use quote marks to
show the exact words
I I '1!{y cat, Fluffy, is in th*: tree and she can't get dovrrn people say.

Dnn'I worry, lv{rs Taylcr,' said Ed. 'I'm gcocl at *iintbing trees"
I'll Eet her.'

Ed ciimhren the tree. It was difficult but after tr¡¡enty minutes,

he shouted, 'I'm at the top! And I can see Fluffy! She's flnel'
Adverbs such
Tiren, a mini,:te larer, he shouted loudiy, 'Ch, no! I can't mov*l asloudly ond
adjectives such
Helpi' as difficult make
the story more
interesting.
I went to find Dad"

Say what In ihe *nd, Fluffy climhed dowrr the tree. She was ñne and Uirs
happened next.
Taylor was very happy. IMy dad cii.mberi the tree and helped Bci
Use words/
phrases such as He finally came dcwn wi[h a reel face. We thct-Lght it was
then, after that ln the last
and next. really funnyl paragraph, say
what happened at
the end of the story.
Use phrases such as
in the end, finally
or at last.

Your English teacher warits you to rvrite a story.

it:l The story must begin with the sentence ? wcs
$]

':i §
surprised when I heard a knock at the door . ..'. ti
",
Write 100 words.
 Read the letter from :ii""
your friend, Rupert. Hi Joanne,
Write a letter to him
giving adüce.
i How are you? I passed my cycling test last week. I'm so happy!
i
But now I have to do a project and it's reaily difficult. I have to write about
i an Engiish king or queen from history. I don't know who to write about!
L Can you help me with some ideas?

i Write back soon,

ir Rupert
Write 100 words.

..-,-._***-a
; Thankyourfriendfortheirletter.Talk ;

,t
1 Write DearorHi, +firstnameonly. i about something in their letter (but not I

. Remember to put a comma or

i
the projectyet). ,

I exclamation mark after the name.

-,t"' ii
\- "- i,
ali ir
a iJ; L), . ,.^_*
lti rf.uliErL. i.i
ul ,*
!-.*''- 'it Some short
i :

Thanks far your lctter. i'm glad yúr.l passeLL'four i!. i

!r,r l
forms are
'!i 1 acceptable in
cycling [Ést --'#'*rtl an informal
1 wr ro, ur" 'ii: i letter. I

should, why don't LJU,yUuvcaÜttoc1oahistory}jIojeCi?&{a1,be{-"-"''*}lt-";

..-;
Qr,
¡¡nrr'-¡a ¡
you, how about, ycü should choo,sa e krnü in a Shakcspc¿rrc play. " , '-'-.-'-----'-'l
why not and what '\{ ir: í'''.'--'-
i about to make ---J*?
$e Richartl iII or Henry ViIi (he had six \,yrves!).
r,r¡ives!) ro*o2oy,,1,n,
Tatkaboutt,he
lrll project.Makeyour i
suqeestions. . \,. ^ : whv
^:n rr---.
,r-,,- _ a- femor"ls I The
qLreen?im1 ,, tiii project. Makeyour ;
'.

olher
:
I i
j Or
Or, why nol cho¡sc
chüüse lemuus {trueen? -- other ¡i ,t "nri-r"qi"rri"i."
'firsísuooestio'n. I

i:
students will proJ:ably choose men. Whar ahout
r-----'-*---r ;i

r,:l I
Cutr¿¡ & Victorra
VlLLul.ld oi
*-*'-'*'L:;"-"_"r.iú
UuUt u! Ehzabeih
Ui !14¿uu\rurr
.rr11¿Cll$Ll1
Jla¿uU\lufl*l il
rr
1? \'"---'--'
\-!!-
lr{ ,. ., 1
I i uok"onoth", I
. r - ': -r*i suggest¡on.
LVcgotCr}emorelCeaiHO.,\?a[oUl,CñooStIiQl.-,-.: :

i;,r^-,""-^'l
YOU OOn t neeo to
someüne \¡/ho was only a krng or queen for a very -:h.
;!:
wilLeLUrnPtele ¡!
writecomplete shart time?
SlxJIL F-o:: exaÍIlpie,
LlIllHr rU"t Lady jane
example, Laoy
j5
Lrltjy. She
"Jafle Grey. ){}§ i Ii uakeanother
i¡ Makeanother i
sentences ¡n an i***-* * **wñs-qüeérffdf-ínly
inrorma,etter. i nrne daysi t i-:-::-:"":1:: -;
__':_ .-:r -'_
I hope you lÍke my ideas. Wrrte }:;ack and let me f,

kncw ?vho yoll choosel..

- "r, [il
i.i
' gU*
Ll. -^ +^r ^^.¡rl
lul now'
t)vt: for
say goodbye (and express ;
Savooodbve(andexoress ltuvv
. i IJse
---:-'--
exclamation '
.---
i, yourloveif louwantto). [*'-+ i marks to show
you,canuseother.phrases
',
such as Cheers, Thanks a
:1 Joapne
,ry
ii. r*,irr*Á:,iá'r"rrrpr6r.
_**_.*_*j-",.,-" -.,
. lot, Write back soon to end \
i an informal letter. ii
; \ ,,

Write your first name. i

!.,. .-.,_."._...", *_*..**-*:

This is a part of a letter you receive from an

English friend. I'm visiting your city in the summerl Can you i
give me some advice on things to do? What i]
'\ürite a letter answering your friend's questions. places should I visit? What things should I ij
bring with me?
Write 100 words.
 \ürite an article for a magazine about how school life is different now from in the past.
Write 100 words.

lntroduce the topic and say

a few general things.
School iife then and now
Everyone goes to school when they are young
But have you ever thought a}:out how schools
have changed? In rhe past, school ltfe was
very different from toda ?¿

When our larents 'r1/ere at schcol, they didn'i

have so much technology. There was no
Make your first ma¡n point,
e.g. describe what things internet, no mol:lle phones and very felv
were like in the past.
computers. They did all their work on paper Usewe, us and
ow to get close

W
I
I
what
point, e.g. describe
tnings are likenow.
I
Today, we computers and the internet
lo ñnd things olit. We still have }:ooks,
to your reader.

I
Lrut they often have a iÍnk to dawnload
more material.

Summarise your
So in summary, school iife +^.1^".
LULrdy i-
l) -,^--,
vury
opinion and conclude. drfierent from our parenLs' school life.
Use words and phrases
such asln summary However,.education is jt-lst as important today
. . ., So .. ., So you can Use however and but
as it was ihen to make contrasting
see .. .

points.

.iiri.ln"Ji¡"lrlr.'iÉ}íTir+;i¡;.2i:.,:.;:.,+:;:;rlf:+ii,ii:":r!*rrlillilirfiiii:.ir{1ii¡riri"1¡rlti "t .. j;:.1 :r.i

You have been asked by the editor of your school
magazine to urrite an article on the following topic. ':;: Today's television progrommes are worse than Ii
"' programmes ten years ago.
Write 100 words. ,t ifl
t,
 lose !lost : lost l

make i rnad"
**.--i-_... ___*_***;.
i made i:

¡:i -.**.*-_.--,.,,-,.,._ *.*._*.-_l

mean ¡ meant i meant i

meet .-'-
i met
**:--_.* -.--
i met ;

li
pay ipaid ipaid

rode ridden

I sing j sang j sung

'
a-*.*"*"*--*-*****¡*-***- -l*"***- i
"l
lsit jsat isat :

sleep
': slept slept

i speak i spoke spoken

: forget i forgot I forgotten i i spend i, spent ! spent
spent .

I .s"! *
qive
*-- * -f.v-:t---
qave - -i -s-91--*
given
:l?td - -*-- -l:99 'l_?.9 _ :
steal stole stolen
^^
go -.^^-
wenl , i.^^^,^^^^ --.,-^
been/gone .swim --.--
swam r -t. -
:ryu,
I grow j or"* i gro*n : i tur,u , took I i;k"; i

: have i naO had i : teach i taught ; taught

i hear I heard i heard i j tell told i tolA :

nola : h"ld
: I f,"la .-..-.....'-..- i I thro* i threw I thro*n i

j hrrt hurt i t'lurt ¡ : try i tri"¿ i tri"a

jt"up kept ikept i iunderstand ,understood iunderstood
i rno* knew j kno*n i i *ut
" i *ote ; ;;k;" i

'
I"uu"
: redve left
rell l"r,
]I terl
.
i *"ur.
: wear *or"
l| wore
-
worn
I worn
- --l'...'---.'-'..-''*..''- ' '"j
:

: j : I
let let let .-,..........'.......win won won
li" .ay lain write wrote : *r',a"n
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