Designation: G210 − 13

Standard Practice for

Operating the Severe Wastewater Analysis Testing
Apparatus1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents

1.1 This practice covers the basic apparatus, procedures, 2.1 ASTM Standards:2
and conditions required to create and maintain the severe A36 Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
wastewater analysis testing apparatus used for testing a pro- C307 Test Method for Tensile Strength of Chemical-
tective coating or lining. Resistant Mortar, Grouts, and Monolithic Surfacings
1.2 This apparatus may simulate the pertinent attributes of a C387 Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials
typical domestic severe wastewater headspace (sewer) envi- for Mortar and Concrete
ronment. The testing chamber comprises two phases: (1) a C580 Test Method for Flexural Strength and Modulus of
liquid phase containing a prescribed acid and saline solution, Elasticity of Chemical-Resistant Mortars, Grouts, Mono-
and (2) a vapor phase consisting of air, humidity, and concen- lithic Surfacings, and Polymer Concretes
trated sewer gas (Note 1). The temperature of the test chamber D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted
is elevated to create accelerated conditions and reaction rates. Steel Surfaces
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
NOTE 1—For the purposes of this practice, sewer gas is composed of D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of
hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and methane gas.
Exterior Paints
1.3 Caution—This practice can be extremely hazardous. D661 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking of
All necessary precautions need to be taken when working with Exterior Paints
sewer gas, sulfuric acid, and a glass tank. It is highly D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
recommended that a professional testing laboratory experi- Paints
enced in testing with hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
methane gases perform this practice. and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded als
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical D2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coat-
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only ings
and are not considered standard. D4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using
Portable Adhesion Testers
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D6677 Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
hazards statements are given in Section 8 on Hazards.
G193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on Corrosion
2
of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.05 on Laboratory For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Corrosion Tests. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
G0210-13. the ASTM website.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 G210 − 13
2.2 ISO Standards:3 agreed upon between the client and testing facility. Any
ISO 16773 Paints- and Varnishes- Electrochemical Imped- deviations from this practice shall be reported.
ance Spectroscopy (EIS) on High Impedance Coated
Samples. Part 1: Terms and Definitions 5. Significance and Use
ISO 16773 Paints- and Varnishes- Electrochemical Imped- 5.1 Domestic wastewater headspace environments are cor-
ance Spectroscopy (EIS) on High Impedance Coated rosive due to the presence of sewer gases and sulfuric acid
Samples. Part 2: Collection of Data generated during the biogenic sulfide corrosion process.5 This
ISO 16773 Paints- and Varnishes- Electrochemical Imped- operating procedure provides an accelerated exposure to sewer
ance Spectroscopy (EIS) on High Impedance Coated gases and concentration of sulfuric acid commonly produced
Samples. Part 3: Processing and Analysis of Data from by bacteria within these sewer environments.6
Dummy Cells
5.2 The results obtained by the use of this practice can be a
3. Terminology means for estimating the protective barrier qualities of a
protective coating or lining for use in severe sewer conditions.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 domestic wastewater, n—wastewater discharged from 5.3 Some protective coatings or linings may not withstand
residences and from commercial, institutional, and similar the exposure temperature specified in this practice but have
facilities. demonstrated satisfactory performance in actual sewer
3.1.2 sewer headspace, n—the air space between the water exposures, which are at lower temperatures.
surface and the top of the pipe (crown) or other enclosed
structure. 6. Apparatus
3.2 For definitions of terms used in this practice, see 6.1 The testing apparatus consists of the following:
Terminology G193. 6.1.1 Glass Tank—Minimum diameter 16 by 12 in. (40 by
30 cm) tall. The glass tank, when fitted with a polypropylene
4. Summary of Practice lid (tank cover) and elastomeric seal, creates an air-tight test
chamber. The glass tank is inert to the aggressive reagents at
4.1 The corrosion protection of steel, ductile iron, and the testing temperature. The glass tank shall be transparent to
concrete by a protective coating or lining may be altered by permit visual examination of the test specimens throughout
exposure to sewer gases and by the composition of the specified testing duration.
corrosive reagents found in headspace environments of domes- 6.1.2 Polypropylene Lid—Octagon or round shaped, mini-
tic wastewater conveyance and treatment structures.4 mum 1 in. (2.54 cm) thick by 18 in. (46 cm) span. The
4.2 This practice provides a controlled corrosive polypropylene lid has a 1.5 in. (3.81 cm) diameter center port
environment, which has been utilized to produce a simulated to accommodate the shaft of the sample carousel. The shaft
severe sewer headspace condition by wetting the coated slides through an O-ring seal which is secured and tensioned
samples in a cyclic fashion with a corrosive solution and then with a polypropylene fitting (Note 2). The shaft slides easily up
exposing the samples to air containing sewer gas. This condi- and down through the O-ring seal while preventing the release
tion is responsible for reducing the barrier properties of of test gases. Silicone grease lubricant can be used to facilitate
protective coatings and linings. movement of the shaft.
4.3 Test specimens are positioned on a carousel and placed NOTE 2—Polypropylene has been found to be an acceptable material for
inside an airtight testing apparatus (chamber) maintained at a this service. Other materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or
temperature of 150 6 5°F (65 6 3°C). The chamber contains polyetheretherketone (PEEK) may also provide acceptable service.
a prescribed aqueous solution (liquid phase) at the bottom and 6.1.2.1 The polypropylene lid is designed with two ports for
a headspace (vapor phase) containing sewer gas. The test fittings, which accommodate inlet and outlet lines.
specimens are immersed into liquid phase for a period of 15 6.1.2.2 The side of the polypropylene lid which faces into
min each. After immersion, the specimens are exposed to the the tank has a circular, shallow 1-in. (2.54-cm) wide groove.
vapor phase the balance of the time. This constitutes one The groove accommodates a suitable corrosion resistant elas-
complete cycle with three cycles occurring per day. This cyclic tomeric seal (gasket) required to seal the lid of the glass tank.
exposure continues for a period of 28 days. 6.1.2.3 The polypropylene lid also includes eight equally-
4.4 The specified operating temperature, aqueous solution, spaced holes along the outer edge to accommodate eight
sewer gases, and duration parameters are considered the threaded rod fasteners with wing nuts, nuts, and washers. The
standard for the purposes of this practice. The specifications eight threaded rods connect the polypropylene lid to a solid,
may be adjusted to replicate specific environments if mutually chemical resistant base plate made of laminated wood or

3 5
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de O’Dea, V., “Understanding Biogenic Sulfide Corrosion,” Materials
la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org. Performance, November 2007, pp. 36–39.
4 6
O’Dea, V. et al., “Testing Permeation Resistance in Coatings for Wastewater O’Dea, V. et al, “Assessing Coatings & Linings for Wastewater: Accelerated
Structures,” Journal of Protective Coatings and Linings, September 2010, pp. Test Evaluates Resistance to Severe Exposures,” Journal of Protective Coatings and
16–28. Linings, April 2008, pp. 44–57.

2
 G210 − 13
equivalent materials, located under the glass tank, hence 6.1.4.2 Gas supply line includes a polypropylene stopcock
clamping the lid to the glass tank, thereby creating an air-tight valve with low-friction plug of PTFE and a polypropylene gas
testing chamber. check valve with a suitable fluoroelastomer (FKM)-coated
6.1.3 Specimen Carousel—Constructed of polypropylene diaphragm.
(or other suitable corrosion-resistant material) to accommodate 6.1.5 Air Purge Inlet—An external flexible and resilient
the various types of samples. Coated steel specimens will sit in polypropylene or polyethylene fresh air supply line connects
slots and rest vertically, arranged radially (Fig. 1). Coated the air pump to the tank through a tee into the Gas Inlet line.
concrete specimens will sit in slots oriented vertically. Cast
6.1.5.1 Air supply line includes a polypropylene stopcock
shapes and free films will be oriented either vertically or
valve with low-friction plug of PTFE and a polypropylene gas
horizontally, depending upon their dimensions.
6.1.3.1 The specimen carousel consists of a tray with a check valve with FKM-coated diaphragm.
perpendicular central shaft, which facilitates raising and low- 6.1.6 Gas Outlet—An external flexible and resilient poly-
ering of the carousel within the chamber to the liquid phase propylene or polyethylene line from the tank cover with a
(lowered position) or vapor phase (raised position). polypropylene connector is connected to caustic scrubbers to
6.1.3.2 When the carousel is in the liquid phase (lowered capture H2S from the effluent gases.
position) the specimen carousel, including the test specimens, 6.1.6.1 Outlet line includes a check valve, a polypropylene
must be completely immersed in the aqueous solution. stopcock valve with low-friction plug of PTFE, a pressure
6.1.3.3 When the carousel is in the raised position, it is relief valve (0.5 psi or 3.4 kPa), and a pressure gauge (0 to 1.5
locked in place with a retaining pin assembly outside the top of psig range or 0 to 10 kPa) teed into the gas outlet line using
the oven. The aqueous solution must drain away from the test PTFE coated isolation diaphragm. An air pump is teed into the
specimens through drain holes in the carousel. line to the caustic scrubbers to facilitate sewer gas removal
6.1.4 Gas Inlet—A flexible and resilient polypropylene or from the scrubber lines.
polyethylene gas supply line connects the sewer gas supply to 6.1.6.2 Secondary Containment—A polypropylene tray of
a polypropylene inlet fitting on the tank cover. The inlet fitting
suitable volume may be placed under the test chamber as an
assembly accommodates a polypropylene extension tube,
additional precaution against acid spillage.
which runs to the bottom of the chamber. The vertical
extension tube allows the sewer gas mixture to be sparged 6.1.7 Oven—Convection (forced air) oven of sufficient ca-
through the aqueous solution. pacity to accommodate the test chamber and be capable of
6.1.4.1 Gas supply line includes a gas flow controller and maintaining a temperature of 150 6 5°F (65 6 3°C) through-
indicator (for example, rotameter) to measure instantaneous out the duration of the test exposure. This ensures a uniform
flow rate. temperature throughout the chamber for the testing duration.
The top of the oven must have a 3-in. (75-mm) through-wall
opening to accommodate the inlet and outlet gas lines and the
shaft of the specimen carousel and its movement.
6.1.8 Air Pump—Variable-flow air pump to purge the test
chamber and outlet lines of the hydrogen sulfide gas (and other
sewer gases) at the completion of the exposure time. Pump
delivery pressure and pressure relief valve should be sized to
avoid accidentally over-pressurizing the glass tank.
6.1.8.1 An air flow rate of at least 1.5 litres per minute
(L/min) is recommended.
6.1.9 Caustic Scrubbers—Capable of removing H2S from
the exhaust test gas. A typical scrubber consists of a 4-L
polypropylene carboy, half filled with 15 % sodium hydroxide
(NaOH). Bubble dispersion media is added to the carboy.
6.1.9.1 “Percent” is defined as grams of solute per volume
of solution. 15 % NaOH contains 150 g of sodium hydroxide
per litre of solution, which is the same as 3.75 mol of sodium
hydroxide per litre of solution.
6.1.9.2 Carboy cap is equipped with polypropylene fittings
which accommodate a 0.25 in. (6.35 mm) polyethylene inlet
dip tube and outlet tube (exhaust).
6.1.9.3 The use of two or more scrubbers in series improves
removal efficacy and reduces the likelihood of accidental
release of H2S when scrubber capacity is exceeded.
NOTE 3—Carbon dioxide is also absorbed by the scrubber, reducing
FIG. 1 Severe Wastewater Analysis Testing Apparatus their capacity accordingly.

3
 G210 − 13
6.1.10 Fume Hood—Ventilation apparatus of sufficient ca- 10.1.2 Insert the test specimens into the respective slots of
pacity to encase the oven and provide necessary negative air the specimen carousel.
flow to evacuate the surrounding air of any fugitive gas 10.1.3 Place the specimen carousel into the glass tank in the
emissions. aqueous phase (lowered position). Quickly complete the re-
6.1.11 Gas Sensors—Hydrogen sulfide sensors and other maining assembly of the chamber to minimize sample expo-
pertinent safety monitors to ensure operator safety. sure time to the aqueous solution.
10.1.4 Fit the lid onto the glass tank by carefully sliding it
7. Reagents and Materials
over the central shaft of the carousel through the O-ring seal.
7.1 Aqueous Solution: 10.1.5 As an alternative to 10.1.3 and 10.1.4, if the oven is
7.1.1 10 % sulfuric acid (H2SO4)—Twelve litres or the sufficiently tall, the top can be assembled onto the carousel at
volume required for the samples to be completely immersed the “raised position” and the top/carousel assembly placed on
when the specimen carousel is in the liquid phase (lowered top of the tank without exposing the test specimens to the acid
position). solution.
7.1.1.1 “Percent” is defined as the volume of concentrated 10.1.6 Seal the lid onto the glass tank with the eight
sulfuric acid (at 95 %) per volume of solution. Ten percent threaded rods that run between the base plate and polypropyl-
H2SO4 contains 100 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid per litre ene lid. Wing nuts and washers are used to evenly tension the
of acid solution, which is the same as 1.8 mol of sulfuric acid seal in the lid to create a gas-tight chamber. Caution—Tighten
per litre of acid solution. The solution is equivalent to 17 % by the wing nuts in such a way that pressure is applied evenly
mass, and can be prepared on a mass basis by adding 170 g of between the lid and the glass tank in order to avoid cracking the
concentrated sulfuric acid (96 %) to 830 g of water, producing glass. Avoid excessive force.
a final solution mass of 1000 g. 10.1.7 Tighten the central O-ring seal on the lid.
7.1.2 0.4 % (4000 ppmw) sodium chloride (NaCl)—Solute 10.1.8 Slide the assembled wastewater chamber into the
by mass per litre of acid solution. convection oven. Raise the carousel into the vapor phase of the
7.1.2.1 “Percent” is defined as mass of solute per volume of test chamber, through the 3-in. (75-mm) opening in the top of
acid solution. 0.4 % contains 4.000 g of sodium chloride per the oven, and lock into place.
litre of 10 % acid solution, which is the same as 0.06897 mol 10.1.9 Connect the inlet and outlet lines.
of sodium chloride per litre of acid solution. 10.1.10 Check the gas-tight seal of the test chamber by
7.2 Sewer Gas: pumping air into the chamber, closing the valves, and moni-
7.2.1 500 6 50 ppmv analyzed hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas. toring the chamber pressure. Caution—Do NOT over-
7.2.2 10 000 6 200 ppmv analyzed carbon dioxide (CO2) pressurize the chamber.
gas. 10.1.11 Turn on the oven and allow the wastewater chamber
7.2.3 5 000 6 100 ppmv analyzed methane (CH4) gas. to achieve a testing temperature of 150 6 5°F (65 6 3°C).
7.2.4 Balance dry air (for example, 78 % nitrogen, 21 % (This normally takes 1 to 1.5 h.)
oxygen, 0.93 % argon, 0.039 % carbon dioxide). 10.1.12 Repeat a check on the gas-tight seal of the test
7.2.5 Gases are based on volume percent and shall be chamber as per 10.1.10.
commercially purchased as a gas mixture with accompanying 10.2 Testing Procedure:
assay. 10.2.1 Lower the test specimens into the aqueous solution
8. Hazards for 15 min.
10.2.2 Raise the carousel to the vapor phase (raised posi-
8.1 This practice can be extremely hazardous. The glass tion). Open the inlet and outlet stopcock valves and initiate
chamber must not be over-tightened or over-pressurized. Ex- flow of the test gas directing the exhaust gases through the
treme caution needs to be taken when working with hydrogen caustic scrubbers. Continue to purge the test chamber with the
sulfide gas, sulfuric acid, and any other gases incorporated into test gas delivered at a rate of 1.5 6 0.25 litres per minute
the wastewater testing chamber. It is highly recommended that (Lpm) for a minimum of 4 h to achieve saturation. Then
this procedure only be performed by a professional testing terminate the gas flow and close the inlet and outlet stopcock
laboratory with experience and provisions for safe handling of valves.
these dangerous gases and reagents. 10.2.3 After the sewer gas purge, the scrubbers shall be
9. Test Specimens purged with air to minimize the risk of caustic flow back.
10.2.4 The test panels are immersed two more times for 15
9.1 Test specimens shall be the type, quantity, and dimen-
min at evenly spaced time intervals over the remaining
sions as agreed upon by all parties. Appendix X1 discusses
duration of the day after the gas sparge is complete.
various testing specimens that can be utilized in this practice.
10.2.5 This completes day one.
10. Operating Procedure 10.3 Testing Procedure for Subsequent Weekdays:
10.1 Preparation of the Wastewater Testing Chamber: 10.3.1 At the first of each subsequent weekday, lower the
10.1.1 Add the aqueous solution to the glass tank. It is test specimens into the liquid phase (lowered position) for a
convenient to have the tank on a table in front of the oven, period of 15 min.
where the table is set at the same height as the bottom of the 10.3.2 Raise the carousel to the vapor phase (raised posi-
oven. tion). Open the inflow and outflow stopcock valves and sparge

4
 G210 − 13
the test chamber with the wastewater gas delivered at a rate of purge until the chamber is cool and the hydrogen sulfide has
1.5 6 0.25 Lpm for 50 min to re-saturate solution. Then been reduced below five ppm. (This may take up to 2 to 4 h.)
terminate gas flow and close the inlet and outlet stopcock 10.5.3 Check the effluent air with appropriate gas detectors
valves. to ensure the levels are within pertinent safety limits.
10.3.3 After the sewer gas purge, the scrubbers shall be 10.5.4 Release the carousel shaft and gently drop the
purged with air to minimize the risk of caustic flow back. carousel into the aqueous phase. Release the gas flow lines, and
10.3.4 Immerse the test panels two more times for a period remove the test chamber from the oven. Continue with disas-
of 15 min each at 3 h intervals (61 h) for each working day and sembly of the test chamber.
return to the vapor phase (raised position). 10.5.5 Remove the test specimens and rinse with tap water.
10.3.5 Repeat the cycle testing for each working weekday 10.5.6 Proceed with testing. Suggested testing procedures
for the 28 day testing duration. are detailed in Appendix X1.

10.4 Testing Procedure for Weekends: 11. Report

10.4.1 During the weekend the test specimens are left in the 11.1 The following information shall be documented and
vapor phase (raised position) of the test chamber and are not to reported:
be immersed during this time. The oven remains on at the 11.1.1 Sewer gas mixture and concentrations.
prescribed temperature. No gas sparge is conducted. 11.1.2 Aqueous solution and concentrations.
10.5 Completion of the 28 Day (Note 4) Test: 11.1.3 Operating temperature.
11.1.4 Number of total days exposure.
NOTE 4—Periodic visual inspection and EIS testing may be performed 11.1.5 Number of weekend days.
to obtain additional data (that is, 10 day and 20 day intervals). Total 11.1.6 Any periodic or interval testing.
exposure time is to be extended accordingly to equal 28 days of chamber
exposure.
11.1.7 Number of total chamber gas purges.
11.1.8 Number of total immersion cycles.
10.5.1 At the completion of the testing duration, a total of 11.1.9 Any deviations from this practice.
60 immersions and 20 gas purges are completed.
10.5.2 Turn off the oven, leaving the convection fan on if 12. Keywords
possible. Open the air inflow stopcock valve and initiate fresh 12.1 accelerated testing; biogenic sulfide corrosion; hydro-
air flow using the air purge pump (flow rate approximately 1 to gen sulfide gas; protective coatings; protective linings; severe
1.5 Lpm) to flush the test gas from the chamber. After 30 min, wastewater analysis tests; sewer corrosion; sewer gases; sewer
open the oven door to hasten cool down. Continue the fresh air testing; test chambers; wastewater; wastewater gases

APPENDIXES

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. TESTING SPECIMENS

X1.1 General shall not exceed the capabilities of the carousel. Examples of
X1.1.1 A variety of testing specimens may be used in this useful specimen types and dimensions are described below.
practice. Specimens constructed of coated steel, coated ductile
iron, coated concrete, cast coating materials, or coating free X1.2 Steel Specimens
films are commonly used to assess the polymer’s performance X1.2.1 For each coating to be tested, abrasive blast clean
and barrier qualities. four Specification A36 hot-rolled flat steel panels, minimum
X1.1.2 It is important that the test specimens be smooth, size 3 by 4 by 1⁄8 in. (7.5 by 10 by 0.32 cm) to the surface
completely-continuous films or castings of uniform thickness cleanliness and anchor profile recommended by the coating
throughout the test area. The coating thickness shall not vary manufacturer.
by more than 10 % of the total thickness recommended by the X1.2.2 Apply the candidate coating or lining system at the
manufacturer. recommended thickness to the front and back of the panels.
X1.1.3 All coating materials to be tested or compared shall Dip the edges (sides, top, bottom) using the candidate coating
be applied to the same type and grade of substrate for a given system (or other compatible material) to protect the edges from
test series. corrosion break-through.
X1.1.4 The size and shape of the test specimens may vary to X1.2.3 Test specimens shall provide a minimum of 24 in.2
conform to the dimensions of the chamber. The total weight (61 cm2) front and back of coated surface area.

5
 G210 − 13
X1.2.4 Steel test specimens are convenient when changes in X1.3.2 Apply recommended resurfacing material to fill
barrier properties of coatings are to be determined using the bugholes and surface irregularities of the concrete specimens
EIS technique (ISO 16773).7 as recommended by the coating manufacturer.
X1.3.3 Apply the candidate coating or lining system at the
X1.3 Concrete Specimens
recommended thickness to all surfaces, taking care to ensure
X1.3.1 For each coating to be tested, cast four concrete good coverage of edges.
cylinders using minimum 5000 psi (34 MPa) compressive
strength Portland Type 1 design mix conforming to Specifica- X1.4 Mechanical Testing Specimens
tion C387. The cylinders are to be a minimum size of 11⁄2 by X1.4.1 Tensile Testing—For each coating to be tested, cast
4 in. (4 cm diameter by 10 cm tall). Abrasive blast clean the two sets of the minimum number of samples specified by the
concrete cylinders as recommended by the coating manufac- ASTM standard using the candidate coating or lining in
turer. accordance with Test Methods C307, D638, or D2370.
X1.4.2 Flexural Testing—Cast two sets of the minimum
7
Gray, Linda G. S., and Appleman, B. R., “EIS: Electrochemical Impedance
number of samples specified by the ASTM standard using the
Spectroscopy: A Tool to Predict Remaining Coating Life?,” Journal of Protective candidate coating or lining in accordance with Test Method
Coatings and Linings, February 2003, pp. 66–74. C580 or Test Method D790.

X2. METHOD FOR EVALUATING TEST SPECIMEN PERFORMANCE

X2.1 General X2.3 Concrete Specimens

X2.1.1 Various testing procedures are available for assess- X2.3.1 Label and take a picture of each test panel (including
ing the performance of coated samples and free film samples the front and back).
under test cabinet conditions. The method selected may vary X2.3.2 Describe the color, appearance (that is, rough,
depending upon the nature of the coating and the substrate to smooth, irregular) and any abnormalities.
which it is applied. Meaningful performance data is best
obtained from a comparison of test results observed on X2.3.3 Evaluate blistering using Test Method D714.
reference panels to results observed on test panels. X2.3.4 Evaluate checking using Test Method D660.
X2.1.2 The following test methods have been used for X2.3.5 Evaluate cracking using Test Method D661.
evaluation of the performance of the coatings exposed to test X2.3.6 Measure tensile adhesion using Test Method D4541.
cabinet conditions. Report the results as designated by the
standard test methods. X2.3.7 Measure knife adhesion using Test Method D6677
or other standard methods. Other non-standard knife adhesion
X2.2 Steel or Ductile Iron Panels methods are also acceptable if the procedure is fully docu-
mented in the report.
X2.2.1 Label and take a picture of each test panel (including
the front and back). X2.3.8 Evaluate test cabinet fluid penetration of the coating
using the following method:
X2.2.2 Describe the color, appearance, (that is, rough, X2.3.8.1 Cut cross sections of the coating film at five
smooth, irregular) and any abnormalities. randomly selected points in the samples using a very sharp
X2.2.3 Measure the dry-film-thickness of the coating in utility knife. Alternatively, the cross sections of hard or brittle
accordance with Practice D7091. coatings can be created by chilling the coating (if necessary)
and fracturing the coating by bending.
X2.2.4 Evaluate blistering using Test Method D714. X2.3.8.2 Place the cross sections under a digitally enhanced
X2.2.5 Evaluate rusting using Practice D610. microscope with a calibrated reticule.
X2.3.8.3 Measure the total film thickness and the distance
X2.2.6 Evaluate checking using Test Method D660. of penetration (permeation) of discoloration from the coating
X2.2.7 Evaluate cracking using Test Method D661. surface using the calibrated reticule.
X2.3.8.4 Report the average film thickness, average perme-
X2.2.8 Measure coating impedance with Electrochemical
ation distance, percent permeation, and rate of permeation
Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Analysis using the methods of
based on duration of the test.
ISO 16773 Parts 1 to 3.7
X2.3.8.5 Photograph the cross sections and include a rep-
X2.2.9 Measure tensile adhesion using Test Method D4541. resentative picture in the report.
X2.2.10 Measure knife adhesion using Test Method D6677
or other standard methods. Other non-standard knife adhesion X2.4 Mechanical Specimens
methods are also acceptable if the procedure is fully docu- X2.4.1 Label and take a picture of each test panel (including
mented in the report. the front and back).

6
 G210 − 13
X2.4.2 Describe the color, appearance, (that is, rough, X2.4.6 Evaluate fluid permeation of the coating using the
smooth, irregular) and any abnormalities. method described in X2.3.8.
X2.4.3 Evaluate checking using Test Method D660.
X2.4.4 Evaluate cracking using Test Method D661.
X2.4.5 Evaluate tensile strength, elongation, and compres-
sive strength using the applicable mechanical Test Method
C307, D638, D2370, or other suitable standard method.

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