o Question
o Answer
o Side 3
o Bower anchors.
o Carried on the bow, usually in hawse pipes with deck and shell
bolsters or deck edge bolsters
that normally accommodate lightweight type (LWT) anchors.
o
o Stern anchors.
o Carried on the stern.
o
o Keel anchors.
o Housed within the hull of the ship or submarine, near the keel, in shell
type housing pockets.
A ball guide fitting above the anchor shank is equipped with
projections that orient the anchor, by cam
action, into the anchor housing pocket in the hull as the anchor is
housed.
o
o Anchor size.
o Anchor size is expressed in terms of the weight of the anchor in
pounds. The
anchor holding power ratio is the ratio of the anchor holding power, in
pounds, to the anchor weight, in pounds,
and varies between anchor types.
o
o Anchor shackle.
o The anchor shackle is furnished with the anchor in accordance with
the
applicable anchor specification and drawing. The anchor shackle pin
can be tack welded, both sides to the
shackle, to prevent the pin from backing out.
o
o Standard Navy Stockless Anchor.
o Standard Navy stockless anchors have longer flukes than the
commercial stockless anchor and, for the same size of
anchor, more holding power. Typically the anchor holding power for
standard Navy stockless anchors is 7.1 times
the anchor weight.
i.e. 9,000 lb. x 7 = 63,000 lbs. of holding power.
o
o Anchor markings.
o Anchors are marked with the type, weight of the anchor in pounds,
year of fabrication, serial number
(supplied by the manufacturer) and the letters U.S.N. These markings
normally appear on the crown surfaces.
The anchor may also be marked with the name of the manufacturer or
commercial name of the anchor.
o
o Shot length.
o Chain for Navy use is procured in shot lengths of 15 fathoms (90 feet).
There must always be an odd number of links in a shot of chain so that
all detachable links are placed in the same position on the wildcat.
The shot length consists of all common links.
o
o How are chain links painted?
o 1. One link on each side of the 15-fathom(90 ft) detachable link white.
2. Two links on each side of the 30-fathom (180 ft) detachable link
white.
3. Three links on each side of the 45-fathom (270 ft) detachable link
white, and so forth.
o
o How are detachable links painted?
o 1. At 15 fathoms(90 ft), red.
2. At 30 fathoms(180 ft), white.
3. At 45 fathoms(270ft),blue. and so forth, using red, white and blue, in
order.
o
o How are the next to last and last shots on the anchor chain painted?
o Paint all of the links in the next to last shot yellow.
Paint all of the links in the last shot red.
o
o How are turns of wire used to mark each shot of anchor chain?
o 1. Place one turn of wire around the stud on the first link at each side
of the 15-fathom (90 ft) detachable
link.
2. Place two turns of wire around the stud on the second link at each
side of the 30-fathom (180 ft) detachable
link.
3. Place three turns of wire around the stud on the third link at each
side of the 45-fathom (270 ft) detachable
link, and so forth.
o
o T/F Anchor chain markings are not required on submarines.
o True.
o
o Anchor chain serial numbers.
o Each shot of flash-butt-welded chain will bear the manufacturer’s
serial number that is stamped, cut or cast on the inner side of the end
links of each shot at the time of manufacture.
If one or both of these links are removed for any reason, the shot serial
number and the reasons for their
absence should be inserted in the ship’s anchor log. The studs of all
die-lock and FBW common links have
U.S.N. in raised letters on one side and the chain size of the links on
the reverse side.
o
o Match marks.
o The C-shaped link and coupling plates are provided with random match
marks by
the manufacturer. (typically numbers)
o
o End links.
o Similar to the chain common links except that one end is longer and of
larger diameter.
o
o Bending shackle.
o Used to connect the end link on the outboard swivel
shot to the anchor shackle.
o
o Mooring shackle.
o Used for attaching the anchor chain to mooring
buoys. The opening between the jaws of the shackle is seven inches
wide for all shackle sizes. Mooring shackles for chain sizes 1-inch up
to and including 2-1/8 inches, have a bar installed to
support the sides of the shackle. Mooring shackles for chain sizes 2-
1/4 inches and larger do not have a bar
installed between the sides of the shackle.
o
o Bitter end shackles.
o Used to attach the anchor chain to the chain locker padeye. The
padeye in the chain locker is designed so that it is 1.75 times the
strength of the bitter end shackle.
o
o Swivels.
o Installed in the outboard swivel shot and serve to eliminate twisting of
the chain. The swivel allows continuous rotation in both directions.
The swivel allows the anchor to turn as it is housed in the hawse pipe,
otherwise the twist in the chain could cause the chain to slip or jump
the wildcat.
o
o Outboard swivel shots.
o Commonly called a bending shot and attaches the first shot of anchor
chain to the anchor.
o
o Chain stoppers.
o Used for securing the anchor in the hawse pipe, for riding to an
anchor, for holding the anchor when the chain is disconnected for any
reason or for securing the anchor chain when the chain is used for
towing purposes.
o
o Chain stoppers used for towing.
o Chain stoppers used for towing shall be equipped with two locking
plates, modified eyebolts and cotter pins.
o
o Mooring swivel.
o Mooring swivels, with two detachable links attached at each end, are
used
when anchoring with two anchors by the ordinary or flying moor
method. This allows the ship to swing without
twisting the two anchor chains around each other.
