was a step which infuriated Muslims living in these provinces.
Muslims are bound to
observe “Namaz” and “Azan” is the call for it. By taking this step they showed that they
do no care about other religions.
2. Ban on slaughtering of cows:
Cow is one of those animals which are not forbidden by Allah for Muslims. It also
is a main meat source for Muslims across the world. On “Eid -ul-Azha” Muslims sacrifice
animals in the path of Allah and cow is the main choice of most.
Dr. M. Moiz Khan
Assistant Professor
Dept. of History, University of Karachi
3. Disturbances during worships in mosques: 0322-2391591, moiz200@yahoo.com
The congress supporters and Hindus used to conduct noisy processions during the
‘namaz’ time which was disturbing Muslims. Then in some places it was reported that
some fanatic Congress supporters threw dead pigs in Mosques.
4. Education Policy:
A new education policy was introduced under the title of Wa rdha Scheme. There
were many new proposals which were not acceptable to Muslims living in Congress
Provinces. The religious education was not allowed at any level. This way the Muslim
families thought that their children will slowly get far from their reli gion. Then the Hindu
principle of ‘Ahinsa’ was propagated on a large scale according to which one should not
resort to violence at any cost. On the other hand Islam also teaches about the peace but it
also tells Muslims to fight in the name of Allah, Jihad if someone tries to wage war against
you.
5. Schools and colleges:
Students of schools and colleges were supposed to pay respect to the portrait of
Gandhi on their way into the building. This was again an act which Muslims cannot
accept. Then in schools and colleges the practice of making thread by throwing wheel
was adopted. This was a political symbol of Congress which was started by Gandhi.
6. Wande Mataram:
A Hindu nationalist song was written by a Bengali writer. This song gave the
message that India is a sacred land only for Hindus and all the other people including
Muslims are outsiders.
Day of Deliverance 22 nd December 1939:
In September 1939 World War II started and again England was involved in it.
The government of England asked for support in the war from Indians. The people of
India replied that they will only support British in this war if they get complete
independence from British rule.
When British government did not accept this demand Congress party resigned from all of
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their provincial ministries.
Jinnah considered this resignation as good news for all the Muslims who were
living under Congress government. He declared that on 22 nd December 1939 all Muslims
will celebrate Day of Deliverance. The main reason for this celebration was that now
Muslims would not have to face all the atrocities and hardships of Congress rule any
more.
Pakistan Resolution 23 rd March 1940:
The Muslim League decided to conduct its annual session of 1940 in Lahore in
Manto Park also known as Iqbal Park. During this se ssion the final decision of most of
the Muslims of sub-continent was spelled out. A resolution was passed which changed
the future of all the people of India Muslims and non -Muslims.
A.K.Fazlul Haq forwarded the resolution asking a separate homeland for Muslims of
Western and Eastern India.
Dr. M. Moiz Khan
Assistant Professor
Dept. of History, University of Karachi
0322-2391591, moiz200@yahoo.com
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“While approving and endorsing the action taken by the Council and the Working Committee of
the All-India Muslim League, as indicated in their resolutions dated the 27th of August, 17th and 18th of
September and 22nd of October, 1939, and 3rd of February 1940, on the constitutional issue, this session
of the All-India Muslim League emphatically reiterates that the scheme of Federation embodied in the
Government of India Act, 1935 is totally unsuited to, and unworkable in the peculiar conditions of this
country and is altogether unacceptable to Muslim India.
It further records its emphatic view that while the declaration dated the 18th of October, 1939,
made by the Viceroy on behalf of His Majesty’s Government is reassuring in so far as it declares that the
policy and plan on which the Government of India Act, 1935 is based will be reconsidered in consultation
with the various parties, interests and communities in India, Muslim India will not be satisfied unless the
whole constitutional plan is reconsidered de novo and that no revised plan would be acceptable to the
Muslims unless it is framed with their approval and consent.
Resolved that it is the considered view of this session of the All -India Muslim League that no
constitutional plan would be workable in this country or acceptable to Muslims unless it is designed on
the following basic principle, namely, that geographically contiguous units are demarcated into regions
which should be so constituted, with such territorial readjustments as may be necessary, that the areas in
which the Muslims are numerically in a majority, as in the North -Western and Eastern Zones of India,
should be grouped to constitute ‘Independent States’ in which the constituent units shall be autonomous
and sovereign.
That adequate, effective and mandatory safeguards should be specifically provided in the
constitution for minorities in these units and in these regions for the protection of their religious, cultural,
economic, political, administrative and other rights and interests in consultation with them; and in other
parts of India where Mussalmans are in a minority, adequate, effective and mandatory safeguard shall be
specially provided in the constitution for them and other minorities for the protection of their religious,
cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights and interests in consultation with them.
This session further authorizes the Working Committee to frame a scheme of constitution in
accordance with these basic principles, providing for the assumption finally by the respective regions of
all powers such as defence, external affairs, communications, customs and such other matters as may be
necessary”.
Besides many others, the Resolution was seconded by Chaudhary Khaliquzzam from UP, Maulana
Zafar Ali Khan from Punjab, Sardar Aurangzeb from the N. W. F. P, Sir Abdullah Haroon from Sindh,
and Qazi Muhammad Esa from Baluchistan. Those who seconded the resolution, in their speeches declared
the occasion as a historic one. The Resolution was eventually passed on the last day of the moot, i.e.
March 24”.
Dr. M. Moiz Khan
Assistant Professor
Dept. of History, University of Karachi
0322-2391591, moiz200@yahoo.com
Cripps Mission Plan 1942:
Since the start of the Second World War in 1939 British wanted the complete
support of Indians in the war. First offer was made in 1939 but it was refused by Indians
and Congress also resigned from their ministries. The events which occurred in the early
1940’s changed the situation and British thought that now Indians would reconsider their
position and may support the war.
In 1941 Japan attacked USA at Pearl Harbour and entered the Great War. It joined
the German Camp and declared war against England and her allies. England looked at it
as an opportunity to pursue India to support the war. Japan started to invade countries
towards east. India was in approach of Japan. If Japan wanted to attack England directly
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