1. Self-leadership- is the first stage, or leadership level.

Self-leadership is of great
importance to the staff, whether managers or ordinary subordinates
2. Clarity of Purpose- This means that each entity must have a vision and be able to set it up.
Being your own leader, your purpose or vision will be the foundation upon which you will
build self-leadership. Without clearly planned expectations or intent for your life, you will be
at risk, attempting to fulfill the wishes or ideas of people for your life and you will end up lost
in the middle of nowhere.
3. Aim at Success and Take Reasonable Risks- Risk-taking is a necessary part of life.
Challenge yourself to take on challenging assignments. Do not deter yourself or others from
past failures rather concentrate on success. However, risks which are applicable to your
intent should be fairly measured
4. Spent Time to Reflect on Your Life- Reflections can also mean letting others make an
objective evaluation of you. Although you remain the active doer of the things that you are
doing, you may only see things from your viewpoint. Taking some time off to think about
life. Compare experience off current and present to hopes of the future. You can never
notice those small defects until you pause to examine yourself.
5. Don’t Tolerate Just Anything- You should not risk your dream. You should learn to be
intolerant to any suggestions or ideas that don’t suit your vision. This intolerance is not just
toward others but also towards you. It involves not tolerating negative factors such as
laziness, anxiety and many others in your nature.
6. Know your Values and Stick to Them- The ones with real values and ethics are the most
trustworthy leaders. Find ideals that reverberate with your philosophy, temperament, and
creeds to become an effective leader. People tend to be drawn instinctively to somebody
who has a dream, intent and dignity. One who treats people respectfully and is empathetic
to their needs. Make sure that you know what type of leader you want to become. Personal
beliefs in leadership, core values and the implementation of those values help leaders
become successful.
7. Move Towards Purpose- You can’t be a leader unless you have a clear intention to help
you through the dark times. The aim at the end of a tunnel is like a light; a hope that keeps
us going. One has to spend time questioning the real intent or inspiration behind being a
leader. As a leader, you can inspire, guide, and encourage your subordinates to achieve
larger objectives. If you have a clear purpose, then you can make sure the team is aligned
with a common purpose
8. Keep Improving Yourself- Great leaders are working hard to improve, expand and evolve
into better version of them. Whether you’ve just started leading or you’ve been a veteran in
your place, make it a point to learn something new by going back home.
9. Make Mistakes But Never Makes The Same Mistakes Twice- The only thing that sets a
leader different from a great leader is that he never makes the same mistake twice. Note
also that on the back of disappointment, always comes the greatest successes. Trying new
stuff, and doing things that challenge your comfort zone, is important. You might end up
making mistakes whilst doing so. Everyone does. So over them there’s no need to be
ashamed
10. Lead by Example- one is easier than leading from the front. Not only is it a brave thing to
do but it is a very leading things. Perhaps that’s why they all find it toughest. The only thing
that can turn you into a leader is when you begin to act like one.
11. Concept of Leadership- Leadership is the practice of driving people to achieve goals. This
plays an important role in success and efficiency of subordinates. Leaders do this by
providing many means of shaping the actions of subordinates. It’s a process whereby an
individual influences others and guides the organization in a manner that makes it more
cohesive and coherent.
12. Leader – an individual appointed as a leader must understand himself honestly, what he
knows and what he can do. Take note that it is the followers that decide whether the leader
is successful, not the leader or anyone else. If they don’t trust their leader, or lack
confidence, they’ll be uninspired, To be successful you have to persuade your followers that
you are worthy of being followed, not yourself or your superiors
13. Followers - different people expect different leadership styles. A newly-employed
deserves more supervision that an accomplished subordinate does. An individual without
motivation needs a different people approach than one with high motivation level. You have
to know your people as a leader. The basic starting point is to have a clear understanding of
human nature such as needs, feelings and motivation. You have to come to learn the be,
know and do qualities of your people
14. Communication – being a leader, you lead by bidirectional communication. A great deal
of that is nonverbal. For example, when you “set an example,” that shows your people you
wouldn’t ask them to do something you wouldn’t want to do. What and how you interact
either strengthens or destroys your relationship with your followers
15. Situation – every situation is different, Everything you do in one situation isn’t
automatically going to work in another. You have to use your discretions so determine the
best courses of action and the style of leadership needed for each situation. You may need
to face a subordinate for inappropriate behavior, for example, but if the confrontation is too
late or too early, too harsh or too mild, then thee outcomes may prove ineffective.
16. Trait Theory- Some personality traits may lead people naturally into leadership roles.
17. Great Events Theory- A crisis or important event can cause a person to rise to the
occasion, putting forth extraordinary qualities of leadership in an ordinary person
18. Transformational or Process Leadership Theory- Today, it is the widely accepted theory.
People can learn the ability to leadership. People can learn the ability to take leadership.
19. Know yourself and Seek Self-Improvement- To seek self-improvement means to
continually reinforce your attributes. This can be done self study, formal classes, reflection
and interaction with others.
20. Be Technically and Tactically Proficient We can’t give that which we don’t have. We
can’t make the things we don’t know right, Respect is the leader’s reward showing
competence
21. Set the Example - Be a good role model for their employees
22. Make Sounds and Timely Decision- Use good problem solving, decision making, and
planning tools. B. Estimate a situation quickly, and make a sound decision based on the
estimate, Hesitation, or a reluctance to take decision leads subordinates to lose confidence
in their leadership skills.
23. Seek Responsibility and Take Responsibility for your Actions- Look for ways to drive
the organization to new heights.
24. Know Your People and Look Out for their Welfare- Know human nature and the
importance of caring genuinely for its subordinates
25. Keep Your Subordinates Informed- Inform the subordinates of all happenings in his
organization and give reason why things should be done.
26. Develop a Sense of Responsibility in Your Subordinates- Leader should help develop
good character qualities that will assist them in carrying out their professional duties.
27. Ensure that Tasks are Understood, Sup[revised, and Accomplished - The secret to the
obligation is communication. This ideas is in the exercise of command necessary. Before you
can expect the success of your subordinates they must first know what is expected of them.
You have to convey the directions clearly; in a concise way
28. Cooperation is the secret to efficient operations
29. Employ Your Command in Accordance with Its . Capabilities You’ll be able to employ
the organization to its fullest ability by creating a team spirit. Successful execution off a
mission depends on how well you know the strengths of your organization.
30. Evaluation- Evaluating is part of supervising. It is defined as evaluating the value, quality
or significance of people, ideas or things.
31. Training – is a structured lesson designed to give people the knowledge and skills to
perform a task.
32. Coaching – is a process designed to help the employee develop more expertise and
resolve obstacles to improving to performance.
33. Power -refers to the ability a person has to control another’s actions such that he or she
behaves accordingly to his or her wishes.
34. Coercive Power – Power that is based on fear.
35. Reward Power – Compliance achieved on the basis of

the ability to distribute rewards which other finds

important.
36. Legitimate power – The power a person receives in an

organization’s formal hierarchy as a consequence of his

or her role
37. Expert Power – influence base on special skills of

knowledge.
38. Referent Power – influence based on individual or

desirable possession of wealth or personal traits

39. Informational Power – Providing information to

others which leads to thinking or acting in a new way

40. The Person Must be Motivated to Learn. You cannot

teach certain people who are not inspired to learn

knowledge or skills,. They’ve got to feel the need to
learn what you say. Many workers are inspired to do
good work. They want to be able to carry out their
duties properly. Their motivation is to be able to carry
out their work in return for a salary, rewards,
challenges, job, satisfaction, etc
41. Honesty and integrity - are two key ingredients that

make a good leader. How can you expect honesty from

your followers when you yourself lack these qualities??
Leaders flourish when they hold to their core values and
beliefs and this won’t be possible without ethics.
42. Inspire Others- Probably the hardest things a leader

back to do is to persuade others to comply. It can only

be so if setting by good example you inspire your
followers. They look up to you when things get tough,
and see how you react to the situation
43. Good communicator - As a leader you have to

communicate your vision clearly to your team and tell

them to plan for achieving the goal, it will be very
difficult for you to get the result you want if you don’t.
44. Commitment and Passion- The team looks up to you and you’ll

have to be enthusiastic about that too if you want them

to give their all. If your team sees you’re getting your
hand dirty, they’ll give their best too.
45. Decision Making Capabilities- A leader should have

the ability to take the right decision at the right time, in

addition to having a futuristic vision. Leaders take
actions that have a profound impact on the people. A
leader should think long and hard before taking a
decision but stand by it once the decision is made.
46. Accountability- Make sure each of the subordinates is

responsible for what they do. Give them part on the

back if they do well but when they failed make them
realize their mistakes and work together to improve.
47. Empowerment- You just can’t do it all right. Focusing

on key responsibilities is vital to a leader, while leaving

the rest to others. Empower and delegate the duties to
your followers.
48. Creativity and Innovation- In order to get ahead to today’s fast-pacing environment, a
leader must be creative and innovative at the same time. That helps you and your team
stand out from at he crowd, is creative thinking and relentless creativity.
49. Empathy As Leaders, empathy with your followers
will grow. Don’t adopt a dictatorial style, and utterly
lack empathy. You fail to connect more directly with
your followers.
50. Transactional Leadership – this strategy is strongly

disciplinary, and is often called a leadership style of

“telling.” The leader gives instructions to he members
of his team and then uses various incentives and
punishments to either appreciate or punish what they
do in response.
51. Transformational Leader – with this style of

leadership, by empowering their workers to change ,

leaders are trying to enhance or transform the
individual or group into which they lead. Such leaders
are working at making changes and finding new ways
to get things done. And as a result, by their ideas or
insights into how something should be improved or
adjusted for their own work, they encourage and
motivate others.
52. Servant Leadership - Servant leaders work with this traditional motto:“Serve first and
lead.”Instead of thinking about how to inspire people to follow their lead, they channel most
of their energies in seeking ways help others.
53. Democratic Leadership-You could also hear this style of leadership referred to as
“participatory LEADERSHIP”.
54. Autocratic Leadership- On the contrary to the
democratic leadership is autocratic leadership. You
might think of that as an alternative to “my way or the
highway.” Autocratic leaders see themselves as having
absolute power an making decision on their
subordinates’ behalf. They decide not just what needs
to be done, but how to accomplish certain tasks too.
55. Bureaucratic Leadership- To put it another way,

bureaucratic leadership goes “by the book”. With this

style of leadership a specified collection of boxes to
check to be a true leader. Bureaucratic officials, for
example, a possess hierarchical authority. A power
comes from a formal position or title rather tan from
the unique characteristics or characteristics they hold
56. Laissez-Faire Leadership- This is a French word that

translates to ‘leave it be” which sums up this hands-off

leadership approach accurately.
57. . Charismatic Leadership- Charismatic leaders have

charismatic personalities and a great deal of

determination to achieve their goals. Such leaders use
eloquent communications and persuasions by strict
instructions. You will spell out their dreams clearly and
get other people excited about the same target
58. Ethics is about the types of values and morals that a

person or a community finds acceptable or necessary.

59. Ethically leading leaders are role models, promoting

the values of ethical standards, keeping their people

accountable for those principles, and crucially-designing
environments in which others work and live
60. Ethical leadership is a leadership motivated by

respect for ethical beliefs and values, and other people

integrity and rights (Watts, 2008).
61. Hire People with Similar Values- Although your views

need not to be identical to those of your works, you

should be able to establish common ground with them.
This often starts with the hiring process and is sustained
through a declaration of vision.
62. Promote Open communication- Each subordinates is

different although they share similarities. Be often with

every decision you make, and seek input from your
team. It makes you become a better leader and helps
you feel more comfortable in expressing your thoughts
or concerns with your subordinates, Collecting input
from your team will help you improve as a leader and
will push the organization forward.
63. Beware of Bias- As people, many of us have

antiquated or mistaken convictions, subconscious or

otherwise, Every leader wants to admit to their
shortcomings but failure to practice self-awareness will
lead to detrimental effects
64. Lead by Example- Leading by example is a noble

attribute of a leader. The best way to ensure an ethical

organization is to lead by example
65. Find Your Role Models- In history, there are many

leaders, doing a little study of strong, powerful leaders

and trying to identify what they are doing well . Then
incorporate it into their own style of leadership.
66. Care for Yourself so you are able to Care for Others-

As the saying goes, You can’t pour from an empty cup.”

The cornerstone for strong leadership is to have a calm
and competent disposition. This can be done by
ensuring that you, as a person, are focused on fulfilling
your own needs such as sleep, nutrition and a true
relationship with loved ones. It may seem easy to
devote time to self-care, but ultimately it’s crucial to
improving your leadership abilities.
67. Value - a person's principles or standards of behavior; one's judgment
of what is important in life.
68. Virtue- behavior showing high moral standards
69. Vision - the ability to think about or plan the future with imagination or
wisdom
Management is a set of principles relating to the roles
70.

of planning, coordinating, directing and regulating and

the implementation of those principles in the efficient
and effective use of physical, financial, human and
information capital to achieve organizational objectives
71. Planning -the process of making plans for something

72. Task management is the practice of recording

personnel’s day-to-day accomplishments in an order in

which they are done.
73. Management as a Discipline- Management is also a

discipline because it includes learning the procedures

and values required to perform official administrative
duties, as well as demonstrating the code of conduct
that manages must obey when performing their duties
74. Voice- a particular opinion or attitude expressed.
75. Character - is a psychological notion that refers to all the habitual ways of feeling and
reacting that distinguish one individual from another.
76. Character Formation- It is also known as Character Building
77. Home Environment - cradle of human character and personality largely contribute to the
character formation of a child. (parents is the first educators of children)
78. Parental Influence – is the most important of all the factors responsible for personality
79. development Culture – different character and values because of different cultures
where everyone is exposed
80. School Environment – plays a major role in shaping child’s personality
81. Ethics – study and philosophy of human conduct, emphasizing the determination of right
and wrong or to the basic principles of right action
82. Neutral Character / Neutral Trait – Commonly used to describe a person who doesn’t
pick sides in disputes; neutral also pegs anything that refuses to be hold
83. Negative Character / Negative Character / Negative Trait – A person’s predisposition to
commit evil acts. (propensity for lying, rigid, selfish, lazy, hot temper etc.)
84. Self-realized Character – A type of person with this type of character is ever enthusiastic
for he knows his limitations and potentialities.
85. Covetous Character – refers to a jealous or acquisitive character. (arrogant, repulsive,
slanderer)
86. Egoistic / Overbearing / Bossy / Tall-Talker – type of person hard to please, thinks that
world run due to him.
87. Anti-social Character – sinner and criminal (offensive character
88. Insincere Character – expresses sincere thanks and go extra mile
89. Complacent Character – confidence
90. DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-LEADERSHIP -As mentioned earlier, everybody is a future
leader. Leadership is therefore not an inborn trait, but it is developed to become a leader
through learning and training people with a sincere interest. The following are the ways of
developing self-leadership
91. Development- the process of developing or being developed
92. Mission - a specific task with which a person or a group is charged
93. Mission statement- of an organization explains what
will d, and why it will do that
94. Concise – while not as brief as statements of vision,

mission statements in one sentence also usually get

their point across.
95. Outcome-oriented- statements on task describe the

basic results to which the organization is operating.

96. Inclusive- although declarations of mission make

statements about the key goals of your community, it is

very important that they do so very broadly. Good
mission statements are not restrictive in the
community’s policies or industries that may get involved
in the project
97. Vision statement - described the long-run of your company, usually for a time frame of
five to ten years or even longer.
98. Organization -a group of people who work together in an organized way
for a shared purpose:
99. Community -a group of people living in the same place or having a
particular characteristic in common
100. Public -relating to or involving people in general, rather than
being limited to a particular group of people
101. Change - to make different in some particular
102. Responsibility -the state or fact of having a duty to deal with
something or of having control over someone:
103. Manager - a person responsible for controlling or administering all
or part of a company or similar organization
104. Management -the process of dealing with or controlling things or
people
105. Requirement - determining the needs or condition to meet for a
product.
106. Design - develop a specification for a system that will meet the
customers needs
107. Implementation - the process where software engineers actually write source code for
the project.
108. Testing - is an activity aimed at evaluating an attribute or capability of a program.
109. Globalization - the process by which businesses or other organizations
develop international influence or start operating on an international
scale:
110.