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Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
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in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

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“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”

IS 2992 (1987): Insulation resistance testers, hand

operated (magneto generator type) [ETD 12: Measuring
Equipment for Basic Electrical Quantities]

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”

Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता ह”

है”
ह
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“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
 IS2992 : 1987

Indian Standard ( Reaffirmed 2005 )

SPECIFICATION FOR INSULATION

RESISTANCE TESTERS, HAND OPERATED
( MAGNETO GENERATOR TYPE )
( Second Revision )

First Reprint MARCH 1997

UDC 621.3 17.735

0 BIS 1989
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Augusr 1989 Price Group 4

 IS : 2992 w1987

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR INSULATION
RESISTANCE TESTERS, HAND OPERATED
( MAGNETO GENERATOR TYPE )
( Second Revision )

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard ( Second Revision ) was operated and motor-driven insulation resistance
adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on testers may have to comply with additional
28 December 1987, after rhe draft finalized by the requirements which do not form part of this
Electrical Measuring Instruments Sectional Commi- specilicatlon. Requirements for mains-operated
ttee had been approved by the Electrotechnical portable testers are covered by IS : 11994-1986*.
Division Council. Portable insulation resistance tester ( main-
operated ).
0.2 This revised standard incorporates various
modifications particularly for the requirements of 0.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a parti-
rating, infinity adjustment, bump and vibration cular requirement of this standard is complied
test. and high voltage test. with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expressing the result of a test, shall be rounded
0.3 It is recognized that for insulation resistance off in accordance with IS : 2-1960t. The number
testers for use in hazardous and stringent environ- of significant places retained in the rounded off
mental conditions, special provisions concerning value should be the same as that of the specified
environmentel testing may be necessary. It is value in this standard.
recommended that in such cases, these require-
ments should be additionally specified.
*Specification for portable insulation resistance
0.4 The scope of this standard is confined to testet ( mains operated ).
hand-operated insulation resistance testers. Mains- tRules for rounding off numerical values ( reyisrd).

1. SCOPE 2.3.1 The range of resistance value from l/l 000

up to l/IO of the rated resistance value, shall be
1.1 This -standard covers direct-reading portable termed as first effective iange and the range of
insulation resistance testers ( hand-operated ), resistance from l/IO of the rated resistance to the
enclosing in the same case, a generator having a rated resistance value is termed the second
rated voltage up to 5 kV. effective range.
2. TERMINOLOGY 2.4 Central Scale Mark - The scale mark corres-
ponding to l/50 of the rated resistance with the
2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the follow- scale values of I, 2, 5 or an integral power of IO
ing definitions shall apply. or multiples thereof.
2.1 Rated Voltage - The output voltage at rated 2.5 Error in Indication - The difference between
resistance of the tester between the ‘line’ and the the indicated value and the true value of the
‘earth’ terminals, as assigned by the manufacturer. quantity being measured. The error is positive if
the indicated value is greater and negative if it is
2.2 Rated Resistance - The resistance indicated
smaller than the true value.
by he tester corresponding to the significant scale
mark nezrest to the scale mark of infinity. 2.6 Ripple Factor -- The ratio of the ripple
magnitude to the arithmetic mean voltage.
2.3 Effective Range of Measurement - That part
of the scale where measurement can be made with 2.6.1 Ripple - The periodic deviation from the
the stated accuracy. arithmetic mean value. The magnitude of the

I
IS : 2992 - 1987

ripple is defined as half the difference between the robust to withstand mechanical vibrations and
maximum and the minimum values. shocks. Its working parts shall be housed in a
case which shall be dustproof and of sufficient
2.7 Indicator - The permanent magnet moving strength to afford adequate protection against
coil indicator or ratio type indicator, used to external damage.
indicate directly the insulation resistance values.
2.8 Scale Length - The length of the arc through 4.2 Terminals -- The tester shall be equipped with
the tips of the shortest scale mark. In case of a guard ring around the line terminal A guard
multiscale instrument, the scale length shall corres- terminal shall also be provided and electrically
pond to the longest of all scales. connected to the guard ring in case of testers
having rated resistance of I COOMC1and above.
2.9 Short Circuit Current - The dc current which The line terminal, guard ring and the guard termi-
passes through ‘earth’ and ‘line’ terminals when nal shall be connected to the negative side and the
short circuited if the minimum scale marking is earth terminal to the positive side of the generator.
zero and in case minimum scale marking is other The line terminal, guard terminal and the earth
than zero, current which passes through ‘earth’ terminal shall be suitably marked, preferably as
and ‘line’ terminal when a resistance corresponding L, G and T, respectively to distinguish them.
to minimum scale mark is connected.
4.3 Infinity Adjustment - Testers having rated
2.10 Type Test - Tests carried out to prove con- resistance 1 000 M0 and above may be provided
formity with the requirements of this specification. with a suitable device accessible from out side for
These are intended to prove the general qualities adjusting the pointer to the infislity mark.
and design of a given type of tester.
NOTE - Infinity adjuster may not be required in
2.11 Acceptance Tests -Tests carried out on case where effective guarding of the instrument and
samples taken from a lot for the purpose of protection against atmospheric humidity is incor-
acceptance of the lot. porated in the instrument.

2.12 Routine Tests - Tests carried out on each 4.4 Pointer - The pointer shall have a knife-edge
tester to check the requirements likely to vary tip and shall be long enough to reach at least one-
during production. third of the length of the small scale marks.

3. RATINGS 4.5 Central Scale Mark - The central scale mark

shall preferably be located approximately in the
3.1 The rated resistance and rated voltage of the centre of the total effective range.
insulation resistance testers may be selected from
the values shown in Table 1. 5. EFFECTIVE RANGE OF TESTER
3.1.1 The multi-range tester may be of the follo-
5.1 The effective range of the tester shall be from
wing two types:
the rated resistance donn to one-thousandth of
a) Single rated voltage with multi-rated resi- the rated resistance.
stance ranges, and
6. ROTATION SPEED
b) Multi-voltage with multi-rated resistance
ranges. 6.1 The rotation speed of the handle at which the
The rated voltage and rated resistance values rated terminal voltage is attained shall not exceed
shall be selected from the values stated in Table I. 160 rev/min.

3.1.2 The multi-range testers may be provided It shall be ensured that the terminal voltage is
with a selector switch to change the range. within the tolerances specified in 9.2 even when
the rotation speed of the handle exceeds these
3.1;3 The weight of the tester shall be: values.
a) 3 kg, MUX for single range tester of rated
voltage 1 000 V and less; 7. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
b) 4’5 kg, MUX for single range tester of rated 7.1 Operation of the Tester
voltage above 1 COOV; and
7.1.1 The handle of the tester shall work
c) 4’5 kg, MUX for multi-range tester. smoothly. It shall preferably fold back into the
casing when the tester is not in use.
4. CONSTRUCTION
7.1.2 The friction in the moving system of the
4.1 General - The tester shall be sufficiently tester shall be the minimum possible.

2
 TABLE 1 RATING OF INSULATION RESISTANCE TESTERS

( CIouse 3.1 )

RATED
VOLTAGE 50 loo 250 500 loo0 2 500 5ooo
( dc volts )

w
RAND
RFSISTANCE 10 20 10 20 20 50 20 loo 1 ooo 200 2ooo 2oooo 5 m 5oooo 2ooooo 10 000 1 looooo 5ooMjo
(ML)

NOTE - The insulation resistance testers may be single-range or multi-range.

IS : 2992 - 1987

7.1.3 The design of damping of the moving High voltage flash’ shall also be marked on
system of the tester, that is, the time elapsed till the tester [ see IS : 9249 (Part I)-1 979* 1; and
the pointer has been brought to standstill, when a
resistance of the value corresponding to the central _i> Brief instructions for operation.
scale mark is inserted between the measuring 10.2 Information and Circuit Diagram - Detailed
terminals under the normal conditions of use, operating instructions for using the tester, circuit
shall not exceed three seconds. diagram and precautions to be taken at the time
of using the instrument, and at the time of storing,
8. NORMAL CONDITIONS OF USE shall be supplied as accompanying documents.

8.1 The tester shall be used on a horizontal sur- 10.3 The insulation resistance tester may also be
face, with handle rotating at a speed as specified marked with the Standard Mark.
in 6.1. The external magnetic field at the place NOTE - The use of the Standard Mark is gover-
should be less than that specified in 11.6.4. ned by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian
Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations
made thereunder. The Standard Mark on products
9. LIMITS OF ERROR covered bv an Indian Standard convevs the assu-
rance that-they have been produced to comply with
the requirements of that standard under a well
9.1 Resistance - The deviation of the pointer defined system of inspection, testing and Quality
from the true value marked shall be within f5 control which is devised and supervised by BIS and
percent in the first effective range and & 10 percent operated by the producer. Standard marked pro-
in the second effective range. At l/10 of the rated ducts are also continuously checked by BIS for
conformity to that standards as a further safeguard.
resistance, the deviation of the pointer shall be Details of conditions under which a licence for the
within f5 percent. The deviation of the pointer use of the Standard Mark may be granted to manu-
at the infinity and zero or minimum value marked facturers or producers may be obtained from the
shall not exceed f 0’7 percent of the scale length. Bureau of Indian Standards.

9.2 Terminal Voltage - The terminal voltage, 11. TESTS

from rated speed up to and including 150 percent
11.0 General - Tests shall be carried out unless
of the rated speed of rotation marked on the
otherwise specified at the standard temperature
tester, shall be:
of 27 f 2% and relative humidity of 65 & 5
a) within f 10 percent of the rated corres- percent.
ponding to the rated resistance, and 11.1 Type Tests - The following shall constitute
the type tests and shall be carried out in the
bj not less than 90 percent of the rated voltage sequence given below on the same instrument:
for the central scale mark.
a) Insulation resistance test (11.4),
10. MARKINGS bj High voltage test (11.5),
10.1 The following particulars shall be indelibly c) Tests for limits of error (11.6),
and clearly marked on the tester in a visible 4 Mechanical endurance test (11.7),
position:
4 Dust test (11.8),
4 Reference to this Indian Standard, for
example Ref IS : 2992-1987; f) Vibration test (11.9),
iid Bump test (ll.lOj,
b) Serial number and model number of the
tester; h) Dry heat test (ll.llj,
Cj Rated voltage and rated resistance;
j) Dry cold test (11.12), and
k) Damp heat cycling test (11.13).
d) Speed of rotation;
11.2 Acceptance Tests - The following shall
ej Manufacturer’s name and/or trade-mark; constitute the acceptance tests:
a) Insulation resistance test (11.4),
f j Country of manufacture;
bj High voltage test (11.5), and
gj Symbol ‘O/ADJ’ and ‘m/ADJ’ for devices cj Tests for limits of error (ll.6).
used for controlling the magnetic shunt or
adjusting resistance; *Safety requirements for indicating and recording
electrical measuring instruments and their accessories:
hj A suitable warning symbol such as ‘C-4/ Part 1 Common safety requirements for instruments.

4
 IS : 2992 - 1987

11.2.1 Sampling Plan - The recommended sam- 11.6.3 Error Due to Excessive Humidity - The
pling plan and criteria for acceptance of lot are error of the tester shall not exceed the limits speci-
given in Appendix A. fied in 9, after recovery, after an exposure of 24
hours to a relative humidity of 90 to 95 percent
11.3 Routine Tests - The following shall cons- and at a temperature of 27” f 2°C. Recovery
titute the routine tests: period shall be 24 h.
a) Insulation resistance test (11.4)
11.6.4 Error Due to Stray Field - The error of
b) High voltage test (11.5), and the tester at the central mark shall not exceed f 5
c) Tests for limits of error (11.6). percent of the indicated value when the tester is
exposed to a magnetic field produced by 400
11.4 Insulation Resistance Test - The insulation ampere-turns (dc) in a coil of one metre diameter.
resistance of the tester across all the external The tester shall be so placed as to make the in-
terminals connected together and the containing fluence of the field maximum.
case and across all the external terminals connected
together and the handle, when measured by 11.6.5 Ripple at Measuring Terminal - The
applying rated dc voltage with a minimum of ripple factor at the measuring terminai shall not
500 V dc, shall be not less than the values given exceed 10 percent.
below:
11.7 Mechanical Endurance Test - After repetition
a) For rated voltage up to 25 ML1 of the starting ( up to rated speed ) and stepping
and including 250 V the generator for 10 000 times, there shall be no
b) For rated voltage above 50 MQ evident deterioration and impairment in the
250 V working of the tester and it shall satisfy the re-
quirements given in 9.
The voltage shall be applied for a duration
long enough to get a steady reading of the insula- 11.8 Dust Test
tion resistance.
11.8.1 The chamber for this test shall be capa-
11.5 High Voltage Test ble of maintaining, in any region inside it whe.e
11.5.1 No breakdown, arcing 0; sparking shall the tester may be placed, a temperature of 40 f
occur when an ac voltage of 2 000 volts (rms) is 2°C and a relative humidity of not greater than
applied between all the live terminals connected 80 percent.
together and the case for a period of one minute.
11.8.2 The atmosphere within the chamber
11.5.2 The value of 2 000 volts shall be appli- shall be agitated so as to keep it loaded with dust
cable provided: particles of such a size as to enable them to pass
a) The maximum steady state output current through a 150-micron IS Sieve with an aperture
does not exceed 5 mA ac and 10 mA dc or of 0’15 mm [see IS : 460 (Part I)-1978”]. The
the mixed current 10 mA, peak; and bulk of material of dust shall consist of free silica.
The concentration of dust shall be determined by
b) The rated output voltage is up to and inclu- means of the device described in Appendix B
ding 1 000 volts dc. where the requirement of dust concentration is
In all other cases, the test shall be conducted also specified.
at voltage equal to rated output voltage plus 1 000
11.8.3 The tester shall be placed in the test
volts ( U + 1 kV where U is the rated output
chamber for four hours with the atmosphere
voltage ).
stirred and the dust shall then be allowed to settle
11.6 Test for Limits of Error for two hours. The tester shall then be removed
from the chamber and shall satisfy the require-
11.6.0 Tests shall be done to prove conformity ments given in 9.
to the provision laid down in 9.1 and 9.2 and
those given below. 11.9 Vibration Test
11.6.1 Error Due to Variation of Level - A 11.9.1 The vibration test [see IS : 1248 (Part I)-
change of 5 degrees in the level of the tester, in 1983t] shall be carried out on the insulation
any direction, shall not result in the deviation of resistance tester. The vibration severities shall be
the pointer from its initial position exceeding as given below:
0’5 mm.
11.6.2 Error Due to Variation of Ambient Tem- *Specificaticn for test sieves: Part 1 Wire cloth test
perature - The deviation of the indication of the sieves ( second revision ).
tester shall not exceed 5 percent near the central tSpecification for direct acting indicating analogue
scale mark for the ambient temperature change electrical measuring instruments and their accessories:
by f 20°C from 27°C. Part 1 General requirements ( secortd rrviston ).

5
IS : 2992 - 1987

Frequency Amplitude Duration Endurance bumps at the rate of 2 to 3 bumps. .2cceleration

Range Procedure shall be 400 m/s with a pulse duration of 6 m/s.
After this test, the error shall not exceed the
IO to 150 0’15 mm 6 h Endurance at reso- values specilied in 9.
HZ (2 g) nance frequency in
most unfavourable 11.11 Dry Heat Test - This test shall be carried
direction. If direction out in accordance with IS : 9000 ( Part 3/Set 1
is not known, vibra- to 4 )-I 977*, the meter shall be subjected to a tem-
tion shall be applied perature of 55 f 3°C for a period of 24 hauls.
for 2 h in each of the After a recovery period of 24 hours, the error
three mutually per- shall be within the limits specified in 9.
pendicular directions.
If no resonance is 11.12 Dry Cold Test - This test shall be carried
observed, the equip- out in accordance with IS : 9000 (Part 2/Set 1 to
ment shall be sub- 3)-1977t. The meter shall be subjected to a
jected to vibration at temperature of -1Of3”C for a period of 24 hours.
each of the frequen- After a recovery period of 24 hours, the limits of
cies 25, 50, 100 and error shall not exceed the values specified in 9.
150 Hz for 0’5 h in
each of the three 11.13 Damp Heat Cycling Test - The test shall
mutually perpendicu- be carried out in accordance with IS : 9000 (Part 5/
lar directions so that Set l)-1981$. The number of cycles shall be 2 and
the total duration after recovery period of 24 hours, the test shall be
does not exceed 6 h. carried out for a period of 16+8 h cycles, and the
error shall not exceed the limits specified in 9.
11.9.2 After this test, the tester shall satisfy the
-_
requirements given in 9.
*Basic environmental testing procedures for e]ectro-
11.10 Bump Test - The bump test shall be carried nit and electrical items: Part 3 Sec. 1 to 5 Dry heat test.
out in accordance with IS : 9000 (Part 7/Set 2)- tBasic environmental testing procedures for elec-
1979*. The meter shall be subjected to 4 000 f 10 tronic and electrical items: Part 2 Sec. 1 to 4 Cold
test.
IBasic cnvironmenal testing procedures for elec-
*Basic environmental testing procedures for elcc- tronic and electrical items : Part 5 Sec. 1 &2 Damp
Ironic and electrical items: Part 7/Set 2 Bump test. heat. ( cyclic ) test.

APPEN DIX A

( Clause 11.2.1 )
SAMPLING OF INSULATION RESISTANCE TESTERS

A-l. SCALE OF SAMPLING TABLE 2 SIZE OF SAMPLE AND CRITERIA

FOR CONFORMITY
A-l.1 In any consignment, all the insulation ( C/n~t.ws A-1.2 and A-2.1)
resistance testers of the same rated resistance LOT SAMPLE ACCEPTANCE
manufactured from the same raw material under SIZE SIZE NUMBER

similar conditions of production shall be grouped (1) (2) (3)

together to constitute a lot. 6to15 3 0
16 to 25 5 0
A-l.2 The number of insulation resistance testers 26 to 50 8 0
to be selected from a lot shall depend upon the 51 to 100 13 1
lot size and shall be in accordance with co1 I and 101 to 150 20 I
2 of Table 2. 151 to 300 32 2
A-1.2.1 These testers shall be selected from the 301 to 500 50 3
lot at random. In order to ensure the randomness 500 and above 80 4
of selection, procedure given in IS : 4905-1968*
may be followed. A-2. NUMBER OF TESTS AND CRITERIA
FOR CONFORMITY
- .-.
*Methods for random sampling. A-2.1 The testers selected according to co1 1 and

6
 IS : 2992 - 1987

2 of Table 2 shall be subjected to acceptance tests insulation resistance testers out of those tested fail
given in 11.2. A lot shall be considered as to satisfy the requirements of any one or more of
conforming to this specification if none of the acceptance tests.

APPENDIX B
( Clause 11.8.2 )
DUST CHAMBER AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING DUST CONCENTRATION

B-l. DUST CHAMBER so proportioned that whatever the head of the

dust pressure may be, the pile P never completely
B-l.1 A schematic layout of a typical chamber fills the main air duct. Consequently, the air flow
recommended for use for the dust cycle is shown carries away, more or less, a constant amount of
in Fig. 1. It is designed to ensure uniform and dust from a pile which all the time is being
reproducible distribution of dust. The system is replenished.
completely enclosed and does not become con-
gested during operation. A circulating fan F (low B-l.2 The arrangement described under B-l.1 may
pressure, high volume ventilating pattern), blows be modified so as to result in a flow of dust loaded
air over the pile P where the dust is picked up air which takes the shape of a rising vertex. For
and carried along into the chamber C. this purpose, four dust jets may be used in a
symmetrical configuration.
The air velocity decreases in the chamber so
that, much of the dust falls back into the hopper B-l.3 The more important details of a typical
N from where it returns to the pile while the air is dust chamber are given below:
fed back into the fan through the top of the
a) Internal size of 91’5 cm cube
chamber. The dimensions of the hopper tube are
chamber
b) Heater rating 750 watts
c) Fan rating 7 100 litres/min at a
pressure of 3’8 cm Ha
0, 250-watt, 3 000
\ rev/min meter.
C
d) Inside diameter of 2’54 cm
hopper pipe
e) Inside diameter of 12’7 cm
circulating dust

B-2. APPARATUS FOR MEASURING DUST

CONCENTRATION

B-2.1 A simple measuring device is shown in Fig. 2.

Dus, enters the box through five circular holes
and collects at the bottom of the detachable cover.
For measuring dust concentration, the device is
placed in any representative position within the
dust chamber. The air is circulated for five minu-
tes and the dust is then allowed to settle down.
The amount of dust which collects on the
Flti. 1 SCHEMATIC LAYOUT OF APPARATUS detachable cover during the total test period is
USED FOR THE DUST CYCLE weighed and shall be 23315 g.

7
IS : 2992 - 1987

BAFFLES 1

5 EQUAL AND
SYMMETRICAL
DUST iRLET5

DETACHABl.’

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 2 D~T,IIL.SOF APPARAI I’S FOR MFASURING DUST CONCENTRATION

IS : 2992 - 1987

Infinity Magnitude
Relative Humidity Ambient
Dimension Typical
Damp Recovery
Damping Case
Frequency Device
Ripple
Guard ring
Vibration
Lot
Speed
Selector
Rotation
Leviation
Cycle
Insulation
Moving system
Live
Seive
Indication
Mark
Pointer
Rating
Rated Endurance

Routine Congested

Operation Ventilation

Readiug Concentration

Effective ?.J-= Dry heat

Scale * Error

10
Bureau of Indian Standards

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau oflndian StandardsAct, 1986 to promote harmonious
development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to
connected matters in the country.

Copyright

BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without
the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the
standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to
copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no fhanges are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue
of ‘BIS Handbook’ and ‘Standards : Monthly Additions’.

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

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