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ÖABT – Proficiency
Tenses

1. At the end of the 18th century the 4. Until fairly recently, standardized L2
teaching of Latin ---- into a highly reading assessment ---- with the
formalized grammatical rules, which development of reading assessment in
---- onto those few modern languages. terms of an evidence-based construct
of reading abilities tied to the group of
A) had turned / was transferred students ----.
B) turned / would have been transferred
C) was turned / had been transferred A) was not concerned / assessing
D) turned / could be transferred B) has not been concerned / being
E) was being turned / was transferred assessed
C) is not being concerned / assessed
D) is not concerned / to be assessed
E) had not been concerned / having
been assessed
2. Malaysia’s decision to recognize
Bahasa Melayu as the country’s sole
official language ---- by the ethnic
Chinese and Tamil populations, ----
giving English equal status.
5. Teachers know from experience that a
A) has been opposed / having preferred lesson ---- the direction it ---- to take.
B) opposed / preferred
C) was opposed / preferring A) should not take / is planned
D) had been opposed / being preferred B) would not take / had been planned
E) can be opposed / having been C) cannot take / has been planned
preferred D) may not take / will be planned
E) might not take / was planned

3. Unfortunately, in many language

learning and teaching contexts, the
rich linguistic repertoire of bilinguals 6. In the mid- twentieth century, under the
----, and policies ---- to prohibit the use influence of behaviorist learning
of any code other than the target theory, errors ---- as the result of ‘bad
language. habits’, which ---- by rote learning and
pattern drilling using target language
A) has not been recognized / is to be models.
implemented
B) cannot be recognized / should be A) used to be viewed / can be eradicated
implemented B) were viewed / could be eradicated
C) had not been recognized / was being C) would be viewed / must have been
implemented eradicated
D) is not recognized / are implemented D) had been viewed / might have been
E) was not recognized / could be eradicated
implemented E) were being viewed / should be
eradicated
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ÖABT – Proficiency
Tenses

7. While recent years ---- the 10. Researchers ---- the relationship
development of many learning style between prosodic features and
assessment instruments, very little pragmatic language use for the
research ---- the interaction between languages ----.
different learning styles and success in
second language acquisition. A) should define / to be studied
B) can define / having studied
A) have seen / has examined C) need to define / studying
B) see / will examine D) must define / being studied
C) had seen / examined E) would define / studied
D) saw / examine
E) are seeing / will be examining

11. Speakers of the same native language

---- an intonation contour they have not
previously heard ---- in a certain
8. The essential issue for applied manner due to the linguistic variety
linguistics is whether, how, and how spoken by their co-participants.
far the ideas and findings that ---- out
of actual data by idealization and A) must come across / to be use
analysis ---- back reflexively to the B) may come across / being used
domains of folk experience. C) should come across / used
D) might have come across / to have
A) were refined / need to be referred been used
B) are refined / could have been referred E) can come across / having been used
C) have been refined / can be referred
D) had been refined / should be referred
E) will be refined / may be referred

12. A change in infants’ perceptual

abilities during the first year of life
---- extensively in a number of
studies ---- the past 30 years now.
9. Although various attempts ---- to
classify languages into one category A) has been described / conducted
or another, a single language ---- B) is to be described / to be conducted
various styles of pronunciation. C) is described / having conducted
D) was described / being conducted
A) were made / might have E) was to be described / having been
B) had been made / might have conducted
C) have been made / can have
D) are to be made / may have
E) are made / will have
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ÖABT – Proficiency
Tenses

13. Studies ---- foreign accent as an 16. It ---- that the domain of morphology
individual phenomenon ---- with the ---- the linguistic level on which it is
question of why some L2 learners hardest for the L2 learners to develop
manage to speak a second language avoidance strategies.
without a foreign accent.
A) has been hypothesized / might be
A) to examine / are concerned B) was hypothesized / must be
B) having examined / will be concerned C) is hypothesized / might have been
C) to have examined / was concerned D) had been hypothesized / need to be
D) examined / are to be concerned E) is being hypothesized / has to be
E) examining / have been concerned

14. Based on the findings of research 17. Under the Full Transfer/Full Access
factors ---- degree of L2 foreign accent, theory of Universal Grammar one ----
it is possible to draw several any number of non-native-like
conclusions regarding learning outcomes such as incompleteness,
conditions that ---- foreign language divergence, indeterminacy, but the
learners to develop an accurate L2 grammar ---- to constraints of
pronunciation. Universal Grammar.

A) to affect / can help A) might except / could conform

B) having affected / need to help B) would expect / should conform
C) affecting / should help C) can expect / can conform
D) to have affected / might help D) could expect / would conform
E) having been affecting / would help E) should expect / need to conform

15. With the introduction of corpus-based 18. Linguistics ---- itself from a
materials into language classrooms, prescriptive view of language for what
pedagogical grammar ---- a more ---- in favor of a descriptive view.
descriptive focus, with learners ---- to
deduce rules from linguistic data. A) separates / might be said
B) is separating / would be said
A) would take on / required C) has separated / should be said
B) has taken on / being required D) separated / could have been said
C) took on / requiring E) will separate / must have been said
D) takes on / having required
E) will take on / to be required
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ÖABT – Proficiency
Tenses

19. Syntax is often sensitive to whether or

not information ---- can be expected
---- or not by the addressee.

A) conveyed / to have been known

B) being conveyed / to be known
C) conveying / being known
D) to be conveyed / known
E) to have been conveyed / knowing

20. A great deal of discourse analysis

---- by linguists who ---- themselves
linguists by scholars in other
disciplines – sociology, psychology,
psychotherapy, for example.

A) has been done / cannot call

B) is to be done / might not call
C) will be done / could not call
D) is done / would not call
E) was done / should not call

Cevap Anahtarı
1–A 6–B 11 – B 16 – A
2–C 7–A 12 – A 17 – D
3–D 8–C 13 – E 18 – C
4–B 9–C 14 – C 19 – B
5–E 10 – D 15 – B 20 – D