DAISM

JU
 The monotheistic religion of Judaism
originated with the ancient Hebrews. A
religious life based on the Bible and rabbinic
traditions, as well as a belief in one supreme
God who revealed himself to Abraham, Moses,
and the Hebrew prophets, are what define
Judaism. Judaism is the intricate phenomenon
of the Jewish people's entire way of life, which
includes countless cultural traditions, the law,
and theology.
 D A I S M
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Did you know? That Judaism is
one of the oldest monotheistic v
religions: It dates back over 3,000
years and has had a profound
i
influence on the development of a
Western civilization.
 Judaism is not only the world's oldest major
religion that is still practiced today, but it also serves
as the basis for both Islam and Christianity. The name
"Judah," which refers to both the area where the
Temple in Jerusalem was constructed and the
ancestor of the Israelite kingship, is where the term
"Judaism" first appeared. The founder of this tribe was
Abraham, a nomad who was told by the god Yahweh
that he would become the ancestor of a great nation,
according to the Torah, the holy book of Judaism that

T comprises the first five books of the Bible. Known by

many as the Abrahamic covenant, this promise is one H
of the many foundational contracts or covenants

I found in the Torah.

In any event, the history of Judaism can be divided I
into the following major periods: biblical Judaism (c.

M 20th–4th century BCE), Hellenistic Judaism (4th

century BCE–2nd century CE), Rabbinic Judaism (2nd–
S
18th century CE), and modern Judaism (c. 1750 to the
E present).

T
L 1. Abraham and Sarah begin the Journey to Judaism (c. 1800 BCE):
Abraham is considered the patriarch of the Jewish people, and his wife Sarah

I
is considered the matriarch.

2. Moses and the Exodus from Egypt (c. 1312 BCE): This event, where
O
Moses led the Hebrews out of Egypt, is one of the most important events

Nin the Jewish faith and is commemorated yearly during the holiday of
Passover Timeline of Jewish history.
R
3. King David unites and grows the Kingdom (c. 1000 BCE):
E King David is a significant figure in Jewish history. He united the
Kingdom of Israel and made Jerusalem its capital.
Y
4. All Jews were expelled from England (1290): This event marked the
beginning of a period of persecution and expulsion for Jews in various parts of
Europe.
5. The Holocaust (1941-1945): This was a horrific period of genocide during
World War II where six million Jews were systematically murdered by Nazi
Germany.
6. Establishment of the State of Israel (1948):
After centuries of diaspora, the State of Israel was
established, providing a homeland for Jews
worldwide
 Big events in
the Religion: 1. Passover (Pesach):
Celebrates the Exodus of the
Israelites from slavery in Egypt.
It is observed with a special
meal called the Seder and lasts
for seven or eight days.

2. Shavuot: Commemorates the giving

of the Torah at Mount Sinai. It is also
known as the Festival of Weeks and is
celebrated with study, prayer, and dairy
foods.

3. Rosh Hashanah: The Jewish New

Year, a time of reflection, repentance,
and prayer. It is celebrated with
special prayers, the blowing of the
shofar (ram's horn), and festive meals.
4. Yom Kippur: The Day of
Atonement, a solemn day of
fasting and prayer for forgiveness
and repentance.

5. Sukkot: The Feast of Tabernacles, a

harvest festival where Jews build temporary
shelters called sukkahs and celebrate with
meals and prayers.

6. Hanukkah: The Festival of Lights,

commemorating the rededication of the
Second Temple in Jerusalem. It is
celebrated with the lighting of the
menorah and traditional foods.
 7. Purim:
Commemorates the
salvation of the Jewish
people in ancient Persia
from a plot to destroy
them. It is celebrated
with reading the Book of
Esther, costumes, and
festive meals.
8. Simchat Torah:
Celebrates the
completion of the annual
cycle of Torah readings
and the beginning of a
new cycle. It is a joyous
holiday with singing,
dancing, and Torah
readings.
9. Tisha B'Av: A
day of mourning that
commemorates the
destruction of the
First and Second
Temples in Jerusalem
and other tragedies
in Jewish history.
 Core teaching and practices:

1. Belief in One God (Monotheism): Judaism is based

on the belief in one God, known as Yahweh. This
monotheistic belief is central to Jewish faith and is
expressed in the Shema, a key prayer in Judaism that
declares the oneness of God.
2. Covenant with God: Jews believe in the covenant
between God and the Jewish people, as outlined in the
Torah. This covenant establishes a special relationship
between God and the Jewish community, with certain
obligations and responsibilities for both parties.

3. Study and Observance of Torah: The Torah, which includes

the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, is considered the core
text of Judaism. Jews are encouraged to study and follow the
teachings and commandments (mitzvot) outlined in the Torah to
lead a righteous and ethical life.

4. Ethical Conduct: Judaism places a strong emphasis on ethical

behavior and moral values. The teachings of Judaism emphasize the
importance of justice, compassion, kindness, and social responsibility
in interactions with others and in society as a whole.

5. Community and Tradition: Jewish identity is closely tied to

community and tradition. Participation in communal worship.

6. Life After Death: While views on the afterlife vary within Judaism,
there is a belief in the immortality of the soul and the concept of Olam
Ha-Ba (the World to Come), where the righteous are rewarded in the
afterlife.

7. Messiah and Redemption: Jews anticipate the coming of the Messiah

(Mashiach), a future savior who will bring peace, justice, and
redemption to the world. The belief in the Messianic era is a central
tenet of Jewish faith.
 Matching Type

A. B.
a. Followers of
1. Judaism
judaism
b. Festival of lights
2. Jew world largest religion
3. Rosh Hashanah c. The Jewish New Year
d. Believe in only one
4. Hanukkah God
e. World oldest major
5. Monotheism religion
f. Festival of lights
 References:
History and Timeline:
Gaster, T. H., Silberman, L. H., Greenberg, M., Pines, S., Feldman,
L. H., Hertzberg, A., Baron, S. W., Dimitrovsky, H. Z., Cohen, G. D.,
Vajda, G., & Novak, D. (2024, April 6). Judaism | Definition,
Origin, History, Beliefs, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Judaism

GotQuestions.org. (2022, January 4). GotQuestions.org.

https://www.gotquestions.org/sects-of-Judaism.html

Historical timeline: JUDAISM. (n.d.).

https://womrel.sitehost.iu.edu/Historical%20Timeline_J
ud.htm

Big events in this Religion:

Jewish Holidays & Celebrations explained. (2020, March 15).

Peninsula Jewish Community Center. https://pjcc.org/jewish-
life/jewish-holidays-explained

Judaism: celebrations and festivals. (n.d.). URI.

https://www.uri.org/kids/world-religions/jewish-
celebrations
Murtoff, J. (2023, May 5). Jewish festivals | Holidays, Major, Minor, & Importance.
Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Jewish-festivals

Core teaching and practices:

Cultural Atlas. (2022). Cultural Atlas.

https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/religions/judaism/
resources/judaism-rituals-and-practices

Judaism: Basic Beliefs. (n.d.). URI.

https://www.uri.org/kids/world-religions/jewish-beliefs