BILLS and

RESOLUTION
 BILLS
A bill is the form used for most legislation, whether
permanent or temporary, general or special, public or
private. A bill originating in the House of
Representatives is designated by the letters “H.R.”,
signifying “House of Representatives”, followed by a
number that it retains throughout all its parliamentary
stages. Bills are presented to the President for action
when approved in identical form by both the House
of Representatives and the Senate.
RESOLUTION
convey principles and
sentiments of the
Senate or the House of
Representatives. These
resolutions can further
be divided into three
different elements:
Three different element’s
1) Joint resolutions
2) Concurrent resolutions
3) Simple resolutions
Joint resolutions — require the approval of both
chambers of Congress and the signature of the
President, and have the force and effect of a law if
approved.

Concurrent resolutions — used for matters affecting

the operations of both chambers of Congress and must
be approved in the same form by both houses, but are
not transmitted to the President for his signature and
therefore have no force and effect of a law.
Simple resolutions — deal with matters entirely
within the prerogative of one chamber of
Congress, are not referred to the President for his
signature, and therefore have no force and effect
of a law.
Difference of
Bills with
Resolution
 There is not much difference between a Bill and
Resolution. Both are forms of congressional action
which are undertaken by either the Senate, House of
representatives, or both. The major difference is that
once a bill has been passed it is sent to the president
to be signed. A resolution is not sent Forward to the
president and does not require the presidents
signature.
How a bill become
a law
An idea is developed -A legislator either a
Representative or a Senator decides to sponsor a bill.
This could be an original idea,or it could come as a
suggestion from a constituent,an interest group, a
public official,or the Governor.Other lawmakers may be
asked to join as co-sponsors.The co-sponsors may or
may not be of the same political party as the sponsor.
A bill is drafted - At the sponsoring legislator’s
direction, the nonpartisan Legislative Services Agency
(LSA) provides research and drafting assistance. LSA
prepares the bill in proper technical form.
The bill is introduced -The bill is filed by the
legislator in her/his own chamber, which could be
either the Senate or the House of Representatives. If
the chamber leadership does not call the bill for First
Reading, it “dies.” If the bill is called, it is scheduled
for First Reading.

The bill has its First Reading in the house of

origin - The bill is read by title for the first time to the
full legislative body.
The bill is assigned to committee -
The President Pro Tempore ofthe Senate or the
Speaker of the House of Representatives can
choose not to refer the bill to a committee. In this event,
the bill “dies.“ If the bill is to advance, it is referred to a
committee for review.

The committee takes action on the bill -

The committee chairperson may choose not to
schedule the bill for hearing. In this event, the bill
“dies“
The committee sends the bill back to the
house of origin for Second Reading

If the committee advances the bill, it is printed

and the full body of legislators has at least two
days to review it.
The house of origin holds the Third Reading and
the bill is voted upon by the full chamber -

Chamber leadership may choose not to

schedule the bill for Third Reading, and the bill “dies.“
If the bill is scheduled, amendments can once again
be made. However, on Third Reading, the
amendments cannot be approved unless two-thirds
of the legislators agree to the change.
The process repeats in the other chamber.

Once the bill has advanced through the house of

origin,it is sent to the second house, where the
process repeats.The second chamber may fail to act
on the bill, in which case the bill “dies.“ If action is
taken, the bill must pass through First Reading,
Committee, Second Reading and Third Reading.
The bill returns to the house of origin.

If the bill advances through the second chamber

without amendments, the bill is sent to the
Governor for signature.
If the bill advances with amendments, it returns to the
house of origin.The house of origin may fail to take
action, and the bill “dies.” The legislative body may
vote to approve the changes made by the second
chamber. If this happens, the bill is sent to the
Governorforsignature.
Conference Committee.
Conference Committee is made up of two members
from each of the legislative bodies. Each chamber
sends one member from both major political parties.
The four members attempt to reconcile differences
between the chambers.
If agreement cannot be reached, the bill dies.
If agreement is reached, the bill returns to both
chambers. Both the Senate and the House of
Representatives must approve the bill before it can
be sent to the governor for signature.
The bill is sent to the Governor
Once the governor receives a bill, he can sign it veto it,
or do nothing. If he signs it, the bill
becomes law. If he does nothing, the bill
becomes law without his signature.
If he vetoes the bill, and the Senate and House of
Representatives do nothing, the bill “dies.“ If he
vetoes the bill and the Senate and the House of
Representatives attempt to over-ride the veto,
the bill may still become law.
 If less than 26 Senators and less than 51 House
members do not vote to over-ride the veto, the
bill “dies.“ If a simple majority of both chambers
vote to over-ride the veto, the bill becomes law.
The bill becomes law.
The bill becomes law at a
date specified in the
body of the bill. It could be
the date of the actual
passing or a date at some
point in the future.
Legislative Process
• PREPARATION OF THE BILL
• FIRST READING
• COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION/ACTION
• SECOND READING
• THIRD READING
• TRANSMITTAL OF THE APPROVED BILL TO THE
SENATE
• SENATE ACTION ON APPROVED BILL OF THE
HOUSE
• CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
• TRANSMITTAL OF THE BILL TO THE PRESIDENT
• PRESIDENTIAL ACTION ON THE BILL
• ACTION ON APPROVED BILL
• ACTION ON VETOED BILL
THANK You!
Group Member
- Dinglasan, Ilona Jane D.
- Ratio, Rica Jane
- Rubio, Jimboy
- Rea, John Andrian