AMERICAN NAVSTAR GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
NAME: NALEDI MUDZINGE
GRADE: 12
EDUCATOR: MR.GROVE’
DUE DATE: 4 MARCH 2024
TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION PAGE 1
HOW NAVSTAR WORKS PAGE 1
HOW OTHER SYSTEMS PAGE 1 AND 2
DIFFER FROM NAVSTAR
CONCLUSION PAGE 2
BIBLIOGRAPHY PAGE 3
INTRODUCTION
The Global Positioning System, sometimes referred to as the American Navstar GPS, has
transformed navigation and positioning technology globally. The Navstar GPS, which is made up of a
network of orbiting satellites, gives users accurate location data for a lot of uses, from military
operations to daily civilian use. Dr. Ivan Getting, one of the Navstar GPS system's designers,
observed that "the satellite navigation system is a fountain of knowledge, the infinite wellsprings of
which we have barely begun to tap." This quotation perfectly captures the boundless possibilities
and promise that the Navstar GPS has introduced to the field of locating and navigation. Due to its
unmatched precision and dependability, the American Navstar GPS remains a vital instrument for
several. (1)
HOW NAVSTAR WORKS
The Global Positioning System depends on a network of satellites to give users precise location data.
A constellation of at least 24 satellites in constant orbit around the Earth powers the system. GPS
receivers can receive the signals that these satellites regularly emit. A GPS receiver can triangulate
its position on Earth by calculating the distance to each satellite when it receives signals from many
satellites. Based on the speed of light, the receiver calculates the satellites' distance from them by
measuring the time it takes for their signals to reach it. The receiver can determine their precise
location by utilizing a formula that requires the distance to at least three satellites. (2)
(6)
OTHER SYSTEMS
There are different global positioning systems around the world, namely GPS (US), Glonass (Russia),
Galileo (EU), BeiDou (China). These systems may seem the same but they are quite different but
providing that they have the same purpose.
(7)
1. Galileo (EU)
Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that went live in 2016 , created by the European
Union through the EU agency (ESA) operated by EUROPAN Union Agency for the space
programme (EUSPA) . Aims of Galileo are to provide an independent high precision
positioning system to European political and military authorities do not have to rely on the
US GPS or Russian Glonass systems which could be disabled or degraded by their operators
at any time. (3)
2. BeiDou (China)
Developed by China’s space agency the China National Administration (NSA) was initiated in
1983. Aim of developing and independent navigation system for both civilian and military
use. (4)
3. Glonass (Russia)
Globalnaya NAVigatsionnaya Sputikovaya Sistema in Russian. Glonass provides an
alternative to Global Positioning system and is the second navigational system in operation
with global coverage and of comparable precision. (5)
DIFFERENCES GPS Galileo BeiDou Glonass
Accuracy 5m(civilian) 1m (civilian) 1m 2-4m
0.3 (military 0.1(military)
System status Fully Partial Global and global coverage
operational operation regional
worldwide mainly Europe coverage
Orbital height 19130 km 23222 km 35787 km 21150 km
Reliability L1C/A E1 B1 L1 C/A
1575,42 MHz 1575,42 MHz 1561,098 MHz 1598,0625 MHz
CONCLUSION
Three primary categories of GPS systems exist: stand-alone devices, mobile applications, and
integrated systems within automobiles. While each type has pros and cons of its own, they all
aim to provide precise and trustworthy navigational aids. The ideal kind of GPS device will
ultimately rely on personal requirements and taste. All these satellites were either made
because of political reasons or war between countries and proving that one GPS is better than
the other in terms of either accuracy or number of satellites launched.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Roger L.Easton. Wikipedia the free Encyclopaedia.(April 27 2012). Global positioning
system available at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System assessed: 2023
2. Tom Logsdon. Britannica (Mar 12 2015) Navstar Global Positioning System, available at
https://www.britannica.com/technology/Navstar-Global-Positioning-System assessed: 2022
3. Galileo Galilei. Media defence (Nov 21 2017) Galileo available at
https://media.defense.gov/2017/Nov/21/2001847056(INFO assessed: 2016
4. Chen Fangyu. Paradigm shift (August 22 2016) Beidou china available at
https://www.paradigmshift.com.pk/beidou-china/ assessed: 2019
5. Vladimir Cheremisin. GPS server (January 11 2018) glonass available at https://www.gps-
server.net/gps-vs-glonass(info5) assessed: 2018
6. Maxar Technologies. GPS pictures (December 20 2013) available at https://encrypted-
tbn0.gstatic.com assessed: 2022
7. Herve Andrieu. Google pictures (July 20 2015) available at
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https assessed: 2014
