STD.

:
E
NAME:V i d u S h i sEC:
ROLL NO:3 suE: ivics
Date Title Teacher's
S. No.
Page
No. Sign/
Remarks
1562o What isS democracy Wn
demaracy?
218820Constitudonal Design
28122 Electoral Politics
4 8ol12 L0orkina aThs ttutiona|
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3012|21

wWorking of Institutions
Ohy are polui.cal unstitukions iomportart Give
r nyhree points
oveningAcounby inuolves vauiou acivrthes
ThePMkchbinet care instthutions thcct take all the
imp poliy deusions Forex-he gout is uesporsible
o r ensuting secuity o the_citzens &provicling jailia.
for educaion ond health to alltcollecs tåxes andd
spends he money thus aised on admi nistaatioD
deence& developement programmes.:It focmutakes-
&inple.ments Sesecal uoelfare schemes
he ivil servanks ,usorking together,are ras ponsible.
decsior
o rtalring steps to implement the oministers
onhow to go
Some people have to take deasions
abouthese acttviiesothers haue to implement these
deisions.
clisputes
upreme Cou is an instukioo where
iizens bgaut arenally setttlad I f
etuoee n
disputes arise enthese de cisions
9A Or in heir imple-
datermi'nez
mentaion, the Should be s ome onu to
Tt is imp h a t
what is uighE&uohat is wrang
the
hese octivities keep +olking place even if uts
persans un KepsIios change: So, to attend
to cull
in al-
hese 4esks, Sveral aHHOngemunts r e mads
hese
 moder n democrad es Such arrangements are calls
callud
institutions

2Define Par liment why do we need ut

a l democracies ,an assembl eelected represen
teattves exercises Supreme poitical Cuthontyoh
e n a o f tha people Tn India Such ar nationad
assembly elected represantatives is called
Parliment
We neec
Paulimant duu to:
Paximant i s the fi na cuuthokity for making ruu
Jaws kchanging ousing dauws in our counby
,
In Iacdia the Lontrol 04 Paimant over tha govt
Js direct and ull: Those uoho
un huqovt coan
ake decisions ony ad Jong aA
muy enay ine
Support ohe Paulimunt
Podmunt controls all the money that tha govt
hasLn most Lountries public money can be
Spent ony ohen Pallimant Sanctions ut.
Par liment s the highest forum eh lis uuddion and
e debate on public issues
national poli u
in
Lountry: Purliment ceun seek infor mati on albout
Cun matter.

3why Lok Sabha is osidered moie power ful than

Scbha? K
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odinary daw needs io be
passed oy both
the Houses: But il here us
he uoo houses the
c
diff unce betuoeen
fina decision is taken io a
ioint Sess iOnin whichmembers
8 both the Houses
sit ogeher Because
a he larger number memcers
he vies the Lok Sobha is keu to
Such a meeting
prevail in-
2Lok Saloha cxercises more pouoers in money maiders: une
h e Lok Saloho passesthe oudaet
h e govtDr any
oahex aaney elated Jaon,the Raiya t Sabha cannot
eect it TKe Raya Sabha can_ony delay by
14days or suAgest changes un üt. The Lok Sabho
O0,
may Or mayrot accept hese changes
GMost importanty,he Lot Sabha contaols the (ouncil
inisters nlya pewaon dnoeniays he support -
he majauitty the membexa in the Lok Sabha is
cappointed the PM I }he aajanity h e Lok Sabha
membeA Aau tney nave no confidence'in t h e
Counal e Hinisteth a l manisters incuuding PH, bave
to quit The RaiHa Sabha does not have this pouer.

4 xplado the diffente bebuween PauHkal Execubive &

Peimannt Executive
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oliti cal ExeutiAve Perm anent Exeutie

Execuave dho are elected he Permanant Exe
by he people for a speific are salaried wrth ciyil
peuod are callud Political servants uoho uMe
uxe ans.
ppD
Exeuive inted ono long term.
Ex-Poii cal Jeaders G ke Yersans
udor Tang in i l ser.
the PM Counel e, Hinistersvics Ex-\RS,IPS& Fs
They emain in eice ohlyTheyAemain in ehice
SJong ab tmy commandohen he ullng par
ne tonfdence s he maj-chanaes Their tenure
onmmbers eheparlDthe shtice is fied:
he are ansuoernble to hey are not ansueroable
peoplefor all he cosequen-to he people
Ces heir cdeusions
hey are more pouwerful hey are less poweffl heydo
hetoke all the inal decision not take dedsios. Instcad
hey ussist pali tical
execuhS in camyinqO u t
day to day administraiun
5 Write he powers ehe ?ime
Hinister
he pouoeA PM ou uoidu uanging
ne He adivee the PHhe hese ute
President ther
ministers oppoins O
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29 he PR is free to chotse
mùnisters, as
Long o hay are
members eParliment
He coordinakes the Loork e diff
depatmants is.
deisios are fina in cose disagreemants aise
bekuoeen.
depautments
He chalrs takes most of he deisios in he Cobinet
mutr9
He cises genial SuReuision- diffexunt ministri
exer

a l l nministers u0orlk undex nis

leadeAhip
6He distr1butes uedis tridbutes uoort toine ministers
1He also has the pouJex to disomiss ministers dhen
PM quuts, he endre munismy quits

6Whodt is meant by oundle unisters 2 Explain the

diferent cateaoxies e ministtrs:
i s the eicialname for the aady hat includes aull
the ministers: Tt usually has 6o to &o ministers
uff Manks.he (ounril e Hinisters nas calectve
Hsponsibility
he Council o Hiusters lomprise
Cabinat ministeuA a l uualy +0p Javel Jeaded o
the uüng paHHI or paties uoho aHin_chage
the major ministyies:heu meet to take decisions inhe
the
name e the CDunul G Hiniste. The cobinut is
inne J*n Hing_ he CounlS Hinistt I t
LompHuses about 90 ministeus
 Date
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s t a t e uoith
nt
independent thauo.
chaxge
Minist e
at UNually in hauge Th
e S m a l e a ministria.
tohun specin
patipate in
Coloinet meeungs ony
invited
state a l attached 0 r e and He
Hiniste o
d tD assist Cabinet Hinisttx

7Disuss the pooers Tof the Presidlent

A l govt acHvities ake inhe name ohe Presidunt

A JauOs % major pou decsions o e die qout

aue issued in ner name
A maior appoirzctom.erts are moade inthe name sl he
Pesident These include the eappointment t e Chie
Sustice e Incdiathe Judges e the Supreme louk
Hhe Hign Coues e the states,he G1overners e
States the Election tommissi.oners,Ambassadorsto
otner courtries ett
Au the àntemational treaties and Coreements a e made

un he name of the Presidert he president is

Supreme commande the defence forces e Induo
he President has emerqenty pouwers :ep
dea Liih an unexpecked and critical situaton

o President
ouoe declare ecmergency ox es
Hule 8 issuing an oxdo ordinances
Powex o tppoint PH
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esident appoins PH: The Jeadex e the paty or

coaliton of pauties oho Secwe a cleo majority in
the Lok Sobho elections is appointed oas PH: ohen a
Pouky or coalition qets o majority in he Lok Sabha,
he Pr esident exeucises ner disaueHon aPpoins
aJeadt oho in her ophon con muster majo-
iSuppork in Lok Sabha
8LOhcat is Pubucinterest tig LtigotionY h a t is
t S importonce9
he pou exs &he indlependen.ce Incian Judiciay
allounit Ao ack a the quaudian e ne Fundamantc
Kights In uecent yea, heaukts have been
gven several iudge.mens and
ven directives toprolecd
public intotaat and uman Juights
Anyone can aPProach the couts f_puldic intekiat.

is hut by theactions he qovt s is callad

PIL
he ouxts interv ene to prevent tne misuse o qovt's-
POuOe+0 make _decisions: h u checlk malpracHces on

e pot h e ublis eitials.