Scribd
Upload
81 views4 pages

Working of Institutions

The document outlines the functioning of various institutions within the Indian government, including the roles of the Parliament, the Prime Minister, and the judiciary. It discusses the significance of the Mandal Commission and the implementation of reservations for socially and educationally backward classes. Additionally, it highlights the powers of the Lok Sabha over the Rajya Sabha, the role of the President, and the independence of the judiciary in upholding constitutional rights.

Uploaded by

rbsatyaswarup20
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
81 views4 pages

Working of Institutions

The document outlines the functioning of various institutions within the Indian government, including the roles of the Parliament, the Prime Minister, and the judiciary. It discusses the significance of the Mandal Commission and the implementation of reservations for socially and educationally backward classes. Additionally, it highlights the powers of the Lok Sabha over the Rajya Sabha, the role of the President, and the independence of the judiciary in upholding constitutional rights.

Uploaded by

rbsatyaswarup20
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4
oe WORKING OF \ INSTITUTIONS one (Working of Institutions z (Working of Institutions AGovernment order =} Office Memorandum ‘The Desison Makers ) = Officer, President, Prime Minister, Padiament? 2 ME Tay (Working of Institutions ‘fice Memorandum was the culmination of long chan events started with Mandal commision ‘was the second backward class Commission. («Dose recommendation means law? ’ ‘+ Then how aid the recommendation become al. 1 ‘Appointed in 1975, under the chulemanship of. Mandal ‘ection manifesto of Janta Da. ’ . 1 ‘Mandl commision, inter an Cv Servant) ‘Some institution work to resolve the dispute. sures Court) ’ This often ead to delay and complications. = 7 Institution provide an opportunity for pero tional deaseny ‘coneutaton and ecuston + ‘©The national sssembly of elected representatives scaled #29608 1S Atstate level this is ellad sats Lop sotve Assembly Neel Function/ Power ofthe Parliament ? 1 Parlamentis the Final authority for making lws In any country. Prlloment can make laws, change existing laws or abolish them and can make new laws intr place 2. Patiament exercise some contol aver those who run the Government. ‘Those who run the Government can take decision only song as they enjoy support ofthe parliament. 3. Parliament Control al the money that Government have. (tajority Support) Parliamentary sanctions are requied to spent the pul [Budgets needed to be approved in pariament) 4. Parliament: Highest forum of discussion and debate. Publiclssues and national policy are discussed in the parliament. (Working of Institutions nama sa Shela not the part of any houses but Her are) 9 assert equa aw mating proces ‘+House ofthe people. Directly elected by the people. Exercise rea power + | onbehaitof peop ‘+543 members are elected for 5 years, and it solves after every five year ‘+ Council of tates, lected inet ‘+ Performs special functions such as loks aftr the interest of various stats, wo” telonortasoratunte ‘¢ 253 elected) +12 (Nominated) members are elected for 6 years, and Members of Rajya Sabha dissolves every 2 year Iisa Permanent House, ‘aly Saba is called “per Chaybo” and Lak Sabha is aed "ovo" Chamber. ‘Our constitution does pve the Ralya Sabha some ‘Does it mean that ieee re |iay tas beeanel spedal powers over the state. But on most Ismore powertl? J ayleofspesking. “matters the lok sabe eerie supreme power. | Lol sabha exercises more power than Rajya Sabha. mt < How & 1. During joint session, the view of the Lok Sabha aly to prevail In case of difference 4, Members ofboth the houses betweentwo houses sittogether in joint session. ‘The view is Lok Sabha kelytoprevall due to more numberof members. 2. Lok Sabha exercises more powers in money matters Budget on any money elated laws passed by lok Sabha cannot be rejected by Rajya Sabha. t ‘an ony dely it by 14 days or suggest any change. Whereas Lok Sabha snot hound follow it. 3. Lok Sabha conto the coun of Ministers and Prime minister. ‘Only the person who enjoy the majority support in Lok Sabha canbe appoint asthe With “No confidence’ All ministers including prime Minster cn be forced to quit. ime Minister, —EEE “a (Working of Institutions They executes the decison. They areincharge of What doos the term executive mean? =p ‘the execution of the policies ofthe government Types of executive Polio! executive Permanent Executive ‘lected by the people fora specific ‘Elected onthe bass of merit and appointed petiod of ime ‘onalong term basis + Vacate the position withthe change in. | | « They remainin office even when the ruling government. party changes. + Eg Poltial leaders + Ee Gil servant os) LAS. LPS. ete) “Then why did the ministers have the final say in decision-making? @ ‘The reasonisthat ina democracy, the will ofthe people is supreme. ap Ministers are elected bythe people, He/She is empowered to exercise the supreme power by the support of peosle. Eypert can tll the route, but someone with a larger view decides the destination. ‘inns ot nly pers, Hees ithe itor Poli Watton nth cum. 2 etthere sno det lectin fo the post of rime Minister {resident poms te Prime Miner (eater of ory party conto artes appointed ox rime Mitr {he/she cones oben power lon ashe rere the lade of the mein arty or cali, rime Minister chairs the cabinet meetings (to, Tes na decor) Al ministers work unde is leadership. [Distribute ad reisributes work, can dismiss ministers} ‘© Parlamentary democracies = Prime ministerial Frm of Goverament. > Role of poll parties and media in influencing the power of PM “The extent of power of BM. depends onthe personality of the person holding that postion Powter of the PM. n coalition polis ‘SCoaltion Goversment = Accommodation of different group and people = Power He/She is required to heed tothe views and position of coalition parinors because their support is essential for survival of government. (Working of Institutions ‘President appoints counel of minster onthe advice ofthe Prime Minister: % . From his own party or fron the coalition partner Member of parioment Or aperson who snot a member of parent. + Sut He/She has to get elected in parlament within si months of appointment 35 minister Council of ministers body of 60to 80 minster at ferent ranks. ‘© Toplevel leaders of the ruling party. ner ring of counel of ministers, Comprises about 20 ministers. © imeharge of sales tty. independent charge)" » Participate in the cabinet meetings only when specially invited. (tiers orate) = + Tey resttached with he porto tosis the cabinet ministers mentary democracy ~ Cabinet form ofgoverament =< iin otic on tai Working of Institutions He/Sheis the head ofthe state. He/Shehas the nominal power like Queen of tan. His/Her functions are marty ceremonial Presidente not elected vet by the people. + 1 Bected MPs and MAS elects President. ‘Then how is he elected? % * The one who gets the majority of votes is elected as President. *Herepresent the entire nation bu an never claim the diect popular mandst ‘All Government activites take place inthe name ofthe President. Major appointment such ae Chie Justice of nd, Judges, Governor, Election CCommisloners, Ambastadors to other countries are dane by President. Alliternationa weaties and agreement are made the name of the President. Presidents the Supreme Commande of the defence forces of india ‘What ifthe president doesnot agree on the advice given ton? @ I president i nt satistod with advice given by counel of minster. He/She can askthe council of minister ‘tw reconsider its advice But he/she s bound to act according tothe advice rendered afer reconsideration owe To) (Working of Institutio i - Prosdentexercie al ‘thispower only on ‘the advice ofthe councl of Ministers sone cou atten levetincounry pu together reeled ar. Talon resolve the doputes suchas ‘Disputes between aizens of the country. Disputes between ctizen and government. ‘Disputes between two or more state government. Disputes between government and sate government. + Supreme cour is the highest court of appeal nei and criminal ass Itcan hear appeas aginst the decison of High courts. An independent ndiiry is eauied sothatitcan work, ESSE aESa a impartial ree from the pressure of exeetve and leiltute. ' + Appointment of Judges Appointed by President on the avice of Prime Minster andin ‘consuitation with the che justice ofthe Supreme Court Ie is nealy impossible to remove a Judge. He/She can be removed only by an impeachment ‘motion pasted separately by two-third member ofthe two houses ofthe parlament. “ Sor Working of Institutions Indian Judiciary is one of the most powerful Judiciary of the world. = <_why 4 e@ Supreme Court and High Courts have the power to interpret the constitution of the country. [Determines the constitutional validity of any law] Power of Judicial Review. Judiciary acts as the Guardian of the Fundamental rights. Through public interest Litigation, Judiciary work for the protection of Public Interest. Judiciary enjoys a high level of confidence among the people.

You might also like