KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA KHAGAUL PATNA

BY- VINOD KUMAR, TGT SOST

Q.1. Who appoints the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers, and on what basis?
Ans.The Prime Minister is appointed by the President. But he cannot appoint anyone he likes. He appoints the
leader of the majority party or the coalition of the parties that commands a majority in the Lok Sabha, as Prime
Minister. In case no single party or alliance gets a majority, the President appoints the person most likely to
secure a majority support.
Q2. In which way do the cabinet ministers exercise more powers than the other ministers?
Ans. Cabinet ministers are the top-level leaders of the ruling party or parties, and are in charge of
the major ministries. Ministers of state with independent charge are on the other hand usually in-
charge of smaller ministries. The decisions are taken in cabinet meetings and the other ministers
have to follow these decisions. They attend the cabinet meeting only if they are invited.
Q.3. How has the rise of coalition politics imposed constraints on the power of the Prime Minister?
Ans.The Prime Minister of a coalition government cannot take decisions as he likes. He has to
accommodate different groups and factions in his party as well as among alliance partners. He also
has need to the views and positions of the coalition partners and other parties, on whose support
the survival of the government depends.
Q.4. Why is an independent and powerful judiciary considered essential for democracies?
Ans. Independence of the judiciary is essential in a democracy so that it does not act under the control and
direction of the legislature or the executive. The judges do not act according to the wishes of the government,
i.e. the party in power. Indian Judiciary is powerful in the sense that it can declare only law invalid if it is
against the constitution. Thus Indian judiciary acts as a guardian of the Fundamental Rights which is essential
for a democracy.
.Q5. Discuss the powers and functions of the Parliament.
Ans. Parliament is the final authority for making laws in the country. It can also change laws and
make new ones in their place. It exercises control over those who run the government. In India this
control is direct and full. If also controls all the money that the government has. It is the highest
forum of discussion and debate on public issues and national policies.
Q.6. Write about the process of appointment and removal of a judge of Supreme Court.
Ans.The judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts are appointed by the President on the
advice of the Prime Minister and in consultation with the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
In practice the senior judges of the Supreme Court select the new judges of the Supreme Court.A
judge can be removed only by an impeachment motion passed separately by two-third members of the two
houses of the Parliament.
.Q.7.Which house of the parliament is more powerful in India and why? Give any four reasons.
Ans. Rajya Sabha is called the Upper House but that does not mean that it is more powerful thanLok
Sabha. Our constitution does not give Rajya Sabha same special powers over the states.But on most
matters the Lok Sabha exercises supreme power.
(i) Any ordinary law needs to be passed by both Houses. The final decision is taken in a joint session
but as number of Lok Sabha members is greater, the view of the Lok Sabha prevails.
(ii) Lok Sabha exercises more power in money matters. Once the Lok Sabha passes the budget the
Rajya Sabha cannot reject it. It can hold it only for 14 days.
(iii) Lok Sabha controls the council of ministers. A person who enjoys the support of the majority
members in the Lok Sabha is appointed the Prime Minister.
(iv)If majority members of the Lok Sabha say they have no confidence in the council of ministers all
ministers including the Prime Minister have to quit.
Q.8s. Governing a country involves various activities. For attending to all these activities/tasks
several arrangements are made. Such arrangements are called institutions. A democracy works well
when these Institutions perform these functions.
(i) The Prime Minister and the cabinet are institutions.
(ii) The civil servants working together are responsible for taking steps to implement the minister’s
decisions.
(iii) Supreme Court is an institution where disputes between citizens are finally settled.
Q.9. Give three differences between the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
Ans. Members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people. Lok Sabha exercises the real
power on behalf of the people. Rajya Sabha is elected indirectly and performs some special
functions. Like looking after the interests of various states, regions or federal units. In some ways Lok
Sabha is more important as it has more members and in any decision making, its opinion prevails – it
controls council of ministers.
Q.10What is the tenure of the President in India? Mention the qualifications for President ofIndia.
Ans.The Tenure of President is five years. The qualifications of the President of India are following:
1. He must be the Citizen of India.
2. The age should not be less than 35 years.
3. He should not be in office of profit.
4. He should not be mad or bank crupt.
Q.11What is a coalition government? Why the Prime Minister of a coalition government cannot take decisions as he
likes?
Ans.Coalition Government is the Government when move than one parties come together and from
the Government this situations creator when any single party has not majority in Lok Sabha as well
as in legislative Assembly (Bidhan Sabha).The rise of coalition politics has imposed certain
constraints on the power of the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister of a coalition government
cannot take decision as he likes. He has to accommodate different groups and factions in his party as
well as among alliance partners. He also has to heed to the views and positions of the coalition
partners and other parties on whose support the survival of the government depends.
Q.12What is the powers of the Prime Minister? Describe any three.
Ans.As the head of the government the Prime Minister has wide-ranging powers.
(i) He chairs cabinet meetings (ii) He coordinates the work of different Departments.
(iii) He exercises general supervision of different ministries. He can and does dismiss ministers. When
the Prime Minister quits the entire ministry quits. (iv) Link between cabinet and President