Artist is someone engaged in distinguishes touch.

The arts are

an art activity related to a museum is increasingly frequently
creating art, practicing arts, the ownership employed for political or
or demonstrating arts. Art social commentary, despite
or collection.
refers to making tangible or historically being valued
intangible products as an  Art galleries largely for their beauty or
expression of creativity and are emotional impact (Eden
imagination for purely sometimes Gallery, 2021).
aesthetic reasons. Artisan used to host
produces crafts that are other artistic
meant for decoration and are activities The seven classical forms of
designed to be practical or such as art are the following:
useful.
performance · Painting
Artist versus arts, music
· Sculpture
Artisan concerts, or
poetry · Literature
 Artist readings.
(producer of · Architecture
Artists and artisans are both
art) makers or creators. However, · Cinema
 Artisan their methods, goals, and
· Music
end products differ
(designer of
significantly. · Theater
craft)
 The
distinction is An artist is someone who On the other hand, artisans
not in quality makes art utilizing concentrate on improving
or artistic intentional talent and their abilities and
achievement imaginative creativity, such craftsmanship in a specific
but in as painting, sculpture, music, craft or profession. Their
function. or writing. He/She is main goal is to create
someone who creates, beautiful, expertly
Art Museum or Art practices, or demonstrates constructed products that
Gallery arts. The term "art" refers to showcase their technological
a wide range of human expertise. Their produce
 Building or endeavors and the resulting products, specifically crafts
space for the works that reflect technical meant for decoration and
exhibition of mastery, aesthetic beauty, have practical uses.
art, usually emotional impact, or mental
visual art. concepts. Although many
forms of art are primarily Below is the list of Gamaba
 Museums can
experienced visually, they (Gawad sa Manlilikha ng
be public or can also be heard or be Bayan) Awardees:
private, but enjoyed through sensory
what
1. GINAW BILOG (+ 2003) Textile Weaver

Poet Tagabawa Bagobo 10. EDUARDO MUTUC

Hanunuo Mangyan Bansalan, Davao del Sur Metalsmith

Panaytayan, Oriental 1998 Kapampangan

Mindoro
Apalit Pampanga
1993
6. ALONZO SACLAG 2004

Musician and Dancer,

2. MASINO INTARAY (+ Kalinga
11. HAJA AMINA APPI (+
2013)
Lubuagan, Kalinga 2013)
Musician and Storyteller
2000 Mat Weaver
Pala’wan
Sama
Brookes Point, Palawan
7. FEDERICO CABALLERO Tandubas, Tawi-Tawi
1993
Epic Chanter 2004

Sulod-Bukidnon
3. SAMAON SULAIMAN (+
Calinog, Iloilo 12. TEOFILO GARCIA
2011)
2000 Casque Maker
Musician
Ilocano
Magindanao
8. UWANG AHADAS San Quintin, Abra
Mama sa Pano,
Maguindanao Musician 2012
1993 Yakan

Lamitan, Basilan 13. MAGDALENA GAMAYO

4. LANG DULAY (+2015) 2000 Textile Weaver
Textile Weaver Ilocano
T’boli 9. DARHATA SAWABI (+ Pinili, Ilocos Norte
2005)
Lake Sebu, South Cotabato 2012
Textile Weaver
1998
Tausug
14. AMBALANG AUSALIN
Parang, Sulu
5. SALINTA MONON (+ Textile Weaver, 2016
2009) 2004
(born 4 March 1943)
 (born 17 October 1940) Ikat Weaver, 2016

15. ESTELITA BANTILAN (born 8 August 1914)

Mat Weaver, 2016 16. YABING MASALON DULO

Lesson 10: Indigenous Crafts indigenous crafts with incorporating symbolic

respect, understanding, and meanings and spiritual
a commitment to fair trade significance into their
Indigenous crafts refer and ethical practices that designs.
to the traditional and artistic support the artisans and
3. Ritual and Ceremonial
skills and techniques passed their communities.
Artifacts
down through generations
within indigenous Many indigenous
communities. These crafts Indigenous crafts include the crafts are closely related to
are deeply rooted in the following: the religious practices of the
culture, heritage, and history people. These includes
of the indigenous people, masks, totems, and objects
reflecting their unique 1. Handicrafts used in the different rituals.
worldview, beliefs, and way
Artisans within 4. Visual Art - Indigenous
of life.
indigenous communities art can be in the form of
These crafts are not create various handmade paintings, drawings and
just utilitarian items; they items using materials other visual mediums
hold deep cultural sourced from their local depicting stories, legends
significance and are often environment. These can and the natural world.
infused with spirituality and include pottery, basketry,
The Fruit Gatherer’, 1950 by
symbolism. Through these weaving, beadwork, wood
Fernando Amorsolo
crafts, indigenous carving, and leatherwork.
communities maintain their ‘Granadean Arabesque’,
cultural identity, strengthen 3. Textiles
1958 by Jose Joya
social bonds, and pass on Indigenous
their knowledge and values 5. Pottery and ceramics
communities often have
to future generations. distinctive textile traditions, Indigenous people
It is important to note producing fabrics, clothing, may use traditional methods
that indigenous crafts are a and tapestries adorned with in creating both decorative
valuable part of the world's intricate designs and and practical items. The
cultural heritage, and patterns specific to their items can be used as
supporting and preserving culture. decoration . For the practical
these traditional art forms is use some of the items are
3. Jewelry
essential for the well-being bowls, vases , dishes .lamps
and sustainability of Indigenous and other things that can be
indigenous communities and craftspeople often create utilized in their everyday
their cultures. Additionally, jewelry using natural living
it's crucial to approach materials like stones, shells,
6. Instruments
bones, and plant fibers,
 May indigenous  The natives use  carrying grains
communities have different backstrap loom to
 hunting animals
musical instruments. Most of produce blankets
these instruments are hand and articles of  fishing in the streams
made.They use these clothing.
instruments in their  fish traps
festivities, performances and Filipino potters make
storytelling. pots of different
Pina Cloth
sizes, shapes, and
 produced in looms designs, which are
throughout the usually geometric
Jew’s/jaw’s harp. Palm stick
province of Antique with stylized nature-
and yarn. Pala’wan |
 the hand-woven themed motifs.
Palawan
cloth that is made
Palayok
Gitgit. Violin. Wood and from fibers
abaca. Hanunuo | Mindoro.  used in Barong  Visayas – kulon
Tagalog smaller-sized pots –
Taguk. Zither. Bamboo, paint,
anglit
rattan, cotton threads, and
 mainly used for
synthetic dye. Giangan |
Abaca Fiber cooking
Davao.
 comes from Abaca Tapayan and Banga
Kusiyapi. Two-stringed lute.
Wood. Pala’wan | Palawan. Plant
 primarily used for
 woven mainly make
Kudyapi. Boat lute. Wood. storing liquids
‘Sinamay’ fabric and
Maranao.  storing wines
abaca rope
 specialty papers like Kalan is a clay-made
Kaleleng. Nose flute. Palm
vacuum bags, stove.
stick and yarn. Bontok |
currency, and tea
Bontoc, Mountain Province. Anitos
bags
Philippine Traditional Motifs  (Nature God)
handcrafts like bags, carpets,
& Crafts Indigenous  also spelled as Anitu
and clothing made of abaca
Philippine Arts and Crafts  refers to ancestor
spirits, nature spirits,
and deities (diwata)
Baskets
Weaving in the indigenous
 serve as a livelihood animistic religions of
 originating in the
for Cordillerans precolonial
pre-colonial times
Philippines.
 The art of weaving of  used for storage of
the Cordillera tribal food Santos (Saints)
groups is still existing Certain types of
despite of certain  The English word
baskets are also
threats. "saint" comes from
served for:
the Latin "sanctus".
 The word translated Eduardo Mutuc
in Greek is "ἅγιος" dedicated his life to
Yabing Masalon Dulo
(hagios), which creating religious and
(Fu Yabing Dulo) is one of the
means "holy” secular art in silver,
two master designers left of
 Saints are the heroes bronze, and wood. His
the Blaan mabal tabih – the
of the Catholic faith. intricately detailed
art of ikat weaving.
retablos, mirrors, altars,
and carosas are in Fu is a term of
Jewelry Making churches and private endearment for an old
collections. woman – lola to the
 Since the 16th
Tagalogs, babu to the
century, jewelry Craft ( Pukpuk Silver
Magindanaoan.
making in the Metal Work)
Philippines has been
Teofilo Garcia is a simple
practiced.
man, still a farmer at heart Darhata Sawabi is a
 It is believed that the and since he was bestowed weaver of pis syabit - the
skills of the early the title of “Gawad sa traditional cloth tapestry
Filipino jewelry- Manlilikha ng Bayan” worn as a head covering by
makers are adopted (National Living Treasure) he the Tausug of Jolo, from
from their Asian has been invited to give talks Barangay Parang, in the
neighbor like the and demonstrations in the island of Jolo, Sulu province.
Chinese. Philippines and abroad, teach Daharta Sawabi's art of
 Jewelry making is local school children the art textile weaving and
traditionally a home- of Tabungaw making, and especially of the pis syabit
based country. open up his home/workshop has been passed down
 The Philippines is to drop in visitors who wish generation by generation. Pis
known for its to meet him and buy one of syabit weaving is a difficult
exquisite gold his unique products art. Preparing the warp alone
jewelry.
already takes three days. It is
 Gold and silver are Ambalang Ausalin is
a very tiring and mechanical
among the more respected for her
task. Daharta Sawabi has
popular jewelry commitment in safeguarding
based her art by generations
pieces, and the and promotion of weaving
before her, keeping the old
Philippines is also the traditional Yakan textiles,
at afresh. The community of
known for pearls and especially the colorful
weavers recognizes her
semi-precious tennun or tapestry weave.
expertise in the craft. She has
stones. Coming from a family of
a passion to show the
 There are so many weavers in Parangbasak,
younger generation the ways
crafts and designs Lamitan City, Apuh
of textile weaving.
that are made by our Ambalang, as she is called by
fellow countrymen other weavers, has learned Haja Amina Appi - Haja
that Filipinos must the craft at a young age and Amina Appi of Ungos Matata,
be proud of. is able to execute the most Tandubas, Tawi-Tawi, is
intricate designs. recognized as the master mat
Traditional Craft Artisans
weaver among the Sama
indigenous community of geometric patterns exhibit proportion and symmetry
Ungos Matata. Her colorful her precise sense of design, and sensitivity to color. Her
mats with their complex

unique multi-colored mats are protected by a • Okir a dato- term for men
plain white outer mat that serves as the mat’s
• Okir a bay- term for women
backing. Her functional and artistic creations
take up to three months to make. Okir is said to be firstly made in Tugaya, Lanao
del Sur, as Tugaya is known as the home of
The art of mat weaving is handed down the
Maranao artisans and Industrial capital of Lanao
matrilateral line, as men in the Sama culture do
del Sur. It has been long known as the home of
not take up the craft. The whole process, from
arts and crafts of Maranao tribe since time
harvesting and stripping down the pandan
immemorial.
leaves to the actual execution of the design, is
exclusive to women. It is a long and tedious Okir has patterns which are used by the
process, and requires much patience and Maranao artists.
stamina. It also requires an eye for detail, an
unerring color instinct, and a genius for applied 1. Matilak (circle)
mathematics. 2. Poyok (bud)
Magdalena Gamayo. Weaving since she 3. Dapal (leaf)
was 16, Magdalena Gamayo or “Lola
Magdalena” is a master weaver who not only 4. Pako (fern or spiral form)
weaves traditional Ilocano textile but also 5. Todi (fern leaf with spiral at upper edge
designs new patterns. One of her designs
employs a difficult weaving technique called 6. Pako lungat (fern leaf with a cut at one edge).
pinilian meaning partially.
Other variations of the okir involves the use of
Estelita Bantillan a septuagenarian who naga or serpent motif. Maranao instruments
hails from Upper Lasang, Sapu Masla in usually are styled with okir. A more prominent
Malapatan, is one of three recent Gamaba— variation is the sarimanok, a chicken-like figure
also called National Living Treasure —awardees that carries a fish in its beak. Okir is said to be
together with textile weavers Yabing Dulo of firstly made in Tugaya, Lanao del Sur, as Tugaya
South Cotabato and Ambalang Ausalin of is known as the home of Maranao artisans and
Basilan. Industrial capital of Lanao del Sur. It has been
long known as the home of arts and crafts of
All about Okir Maranao tribe since time immemorial.

Common Theme of the Okir

Okir is also spelled as okkil, okil or ukkil is the In the Philippines, an old verification of okir's
term for geometric and flowing designs. It is style of blooming image is the torogan, that is
based on an elaborate leaf and vine pattern, the familial home of the most elevated
and folk motifs found in Maranao, champion in Maranao town. It is an image of
Maguindanao, Davao, Basilan, Zamboanga, intensity and glory typically decorated during
Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, South Cotabato and Muslim merriments. Its unmistakable part is the
influenced artworks. panolong, a cut pillar that portrudes in the front
of the house and styled with okir theme. The likewise be discovered scratched into blade or
okir configuration is discovered woven or blade edges and handles, and cast or carved
imprinted in materials, cut into wooden burial into different metal and silver items.
ground markers and wooden boxes, and it can

On the other hand, Sarimanok is a chickenlike  Like myth, metaphor enlists the truth of
figure that carries a fish in its beak. The imagination over the truth of literalism.
Sarimanok is the incredible winged creature  It is a metaphorical term.
that has become an omnipresent image of
Soul Making is Poetry Making
Maranao craftsmanship. It is portrayed as a fowl
with beautiful wings and feathered tail, holding  The word ‘making’ in ‘Soul Making’
a fish on its nose or claws. The head is lavishly comes out of the Greek word poieo
embellished with parchment, leaf, and winding which means “to be the author or
themes. It is supposed to be an image of maker of something.”
favorable luck. The Sarimanok comes from a
symbol flying creature of the Maranao  Soul Making is psycho-poeisis or soul
individuals, called Itotoro. As indicated by the poetry.
Maranao individuals, the Itotoro is a medium to  Universe is not a lifeless debris field
the soul world by means of its concealed twin resulting the Big Ban, but a Living
soul feathered creature called Inikadowa. Organism.
Soul Making  The Universe is animated, or a Living
 Soul Making cannot be defined. Soul (Psyche).
Heraclitus said “you could not discover  Psyche is comprised of many brilliant
the limits of your soul, even if you aspects-ranging from numbers and
traveled by every path in order to do so, geometric shapes, to qualities like Life
such is the depth of its meaning. and Death, Chaos and Order.
 John Keats an English Poet explained
soul-making as a process where the The Poetry of Psyche
basic need of divine intelligence in all  One way to understand this is to
humans goes through necessary imagine the Universe as an immense
experiences, that transform the dictionary filled with an infinite number
intelligence into unique soul of Living Words (archetypes).
Soul Making is a Metaphor  More and more physicists are
acknowledging the lost realm of
metaphysics as they study atoms and
 The word ‘metaphor’ is comprised of come up with mythical names like
two Greek words – Meta-above and quarks, neutrinos, muons and what are
Phero- to carry. called exotic particles.
 Metaphor is an image or phrase that
carries the reader above the literal  All human institutions, feelings, ideas,
sensory realm into the realm of invisible pains and pleasures are the writing
imagination. instruments that compose our souls.

The Analogy of Word Particles

 Our partners, education, jobs, abuses,  The Universe is an ocean of Living
failures and a whole host of Intelligences, archetypal nouns and
‘circumstantial’ coincidences are part of verbs like Life and Death, Good and Evil,
the poem. Beauty and Ugliness, War and Peace,
Love and Hate and Masculine and
 Philosophers and holy teachers have
Feminine.
named this process variously, referring
to the Fates, Destiny, Providence,  It seems that the soul is made most
Demons, Guardian Angels, The Stars substantially when we stop trying to
and a host of other terms referring to a reconcile these opposites and
life guided by more than random experience their union.
chance.
Soul Making is not an empirical science;
Night Poems: Soul Making in our interestingly, many scientists working at the
Dreams level of quantum reality are wondering
whether there is such a thing as empirical,
 The archetypal nouns and verbs come
objective science. Every incident and event
to us most easily and creatively in our
is part of that epic poem. While there may
dreams when our conscious guards are
be tragedies and betrayals, troubles and
down.
failures, success and victories- there are no
 It is in the night while we sleep that the useless words in our poem and most of it
Poem is most easily written. goes on at levels we cannot see or
understand. In that sense, we trust
the Authors.