APL WELD VISUAL INSPECTION Daunte. | APL/QC/PI/WV/0L eR PROCEDURE [iene Das [290739 ———] Scope: . ‘This procedure established for acceptance standards fu visual lspci Uf ytd Joints used in steel stuetural pans. Reference Standard: AWS D1.1 /D1.1 M- Structural Welding Code - Steel 2020 Personnel Qualification & Certificatio Personal performina visual insvection must nat have color blindness & hava gone aye sight Trained musty inspector shall perform visual inspection under the supervision of Quality Control Manager. The person must have goad knowledge of welding defects, causes of defects, corrective and preventive actions, acceptance standards, etc, Apparatus ‘isu Inspection can be carried out with naked eye. If required folowing tools / instruments shall bo used, 1. Magnifying Lens To find and measure the very small size of defects. 2. Torch & Mirrors To inspect in dark and complex weld area, 3. Wold Filet Gauge 4. Scale / Measuring Tep fo measure fillet size of weld. fo measure the defect size Inspection and Acceptance Criteria: 1. Cleaning of Welds. Siag shall be removed from all completed welds, and the weld and adjacent base metal shall be cleaned by brushing or other suitable means. Tighly edherent spatter remaining after the cleaning operation is acceptable, Lniess its removal is required forthe purpose of non-destructive testing. 2. Minimum Filet weld sizes shall be as per TABLE ~ 1 unloss otherwise specified in drawing or GAP / Customer roquirements. ‘All welds shall mest the visual inspection criteria of TABLE ~2 & TABLE ~ 3, Wold profiles shall be meet requirements of Figure ~ {along Win TABLE —4 & TABLE — 8. When welds required to be flush- ‘2. Shall be fnished so as to not reduce the thicknesses of the thinner base metal or weld metal by more than 4 mm, 'b, Remaining reinforcement shall not exceed 1 mm in height and shall blend smoothly Into the base metal surfaces with transition area free from undercut 6 Documentation / Reporting: Copies of the report in approved format signed by QC engineer and wil be Issued after the completion ofthe examination. If asked, the copy of the report shall be submited to customer. TABLE 4 Minimum Filet Weld Sizes Base Metal | Minimum Size of | ® For non-owshydrogen processes without preheat oalauated Tn conformance wih | Thickness (Tp | "Filet Welg> | Sbuse 484, T cquelstnckress ofthe ticker pa jonedsglepass wold shal be {Let peo) For nomow-hydrogen processes using procedures estabished to prevent cracking in one = onformance wih clause 4 8.4 and for owr-tyaregen processes, T equals thickness of the thinner par joned; single-pass roquirement shall not apply. eets12 oop tha to wel sie need nt exceed the cknsso te thinner part ined. we eu 6 | Minimo for yay led races shel be Sm. Es eT 3 fees IS; _( gy Prepared by: NOT Engineer - ‘Approved by: Manager QA-QC Page 1 ofWELD VISUAL INSPECTION APLIOE/PR/WN TOL FRC PROCEDURE 29.07.2022 TABLE =2 ‘Acceptance Standard as per AWS D 1.1: All weld shall be visualy inspected and shell be acceptable ifthe criteria of Table 8.1 and visual inspection criteria & 9, ‘AWS D 1.1 2020 is satisfied Discontinuity Statically loaded Cyctically loaded ‘on-tubular connections non-tubular connections Grack Not Acceptable - (Not Acceptable {Lack of penetration | Not Acceptable [Not Acceptable = Lack of fasion Not Acceptable = ‘Not Acceptable Porosity CJP (Complete Joint Penetration) groove | CJP (Complete Joint Penetration) groove Wolds in butt joints transverse to the computed | wolds in butt joints transverse to the direction tencile stress shall have no visible piping | of computed tensile stress shall have no piping porosity porosity, For all groove welds, the frequency of piping porosity shall not exceed one in 100mm cf Fength and maximum diameter shail not ‘exceed 2.5mm, For all other groove welds and for filet welds, | The frequency of piping porosity in filot welds the sum of the visible piping oorosity 1mm or | shall not exceed one on 100mm of weld length {greater in diameter shail not exceed in 10mm | and the maximum diameter shall not exceed In eny linear 25mm weld of weld and shall not | 2.5mm, ‘exceed 20mm in any 300mm length of wold, Excaption: for filet welds connecting stifeners to web, the sum of the uleieters of pariy porosity shall not exceed 10mm in any linear ‘25mm of weld and shall not exceed 20mm in ‘any 300mm lenath of weld Undereut For material less than 25mm thick, undercut shall not exceed imm with the. folowing ‘exception: undercut shall not exceed 2mm for any accumulated length up to 5mm in any 300mm. In primary members, uncorcut shall not be more than 0.25mm deep when the wold is transverse to tensile stress under eny design lnading condition For material equal to or greater than 25mm thick, undercut shall not exceed 2mm for any length of weld. Undercut shall not exceed more than tmm ‘deep for all other cases, Crater Cross Section All crater shall be fle to provide the specified wold size, except for the ends of intermittent filet ‘Welds outside oftheir effective length Waid Praia he par Fignre Na, 7 BPS SAAN ih Prepared by: NDT Engineer \S MR. Dharmesh chal ‘Approved by: Mancger QA-QC Page 20f8 \ \AURA WELD VISUAL INSPECTION [BeumentNo. [ARL/Oc/PR/WV/O1 | PROCEDURE Issue Date | 29072022 TABLE - 2 (Continued. Acceptance Standard as per AWS D 1.1: All weld shall be visually inspected and shall be acceptable if the criteria of Table 8.4 and visual inspection erteria 8.9, ‘AWS D 1.1 2020's satisfied Discontinuity T Statically loaded cyclically loaded ontubular connections non-tubular connections i Time of Inspection ‘Visual inspection of welds in all steels may begin immediately ater the completed walds have cooled to ambient temperature, Undersized Welds ‘The size ofa filet weld in any continuous weld may be loss than the specified nominal size (L) without correction by the following amounts (U): k u pecified nominal weld size, mm allowable decrease from L, in fmm] <5 52 8 525 28 33 Inall cases, the undersize portion of the weld shall not exceed 10% ofthe wold lenath, (On web-to-itange welds on girders, under run shall be prohibited et the ends for a length equal to twice the width ofthe fange. Prepared by: NDT Engineer Page SoffPRICUEE WELD VISUAL INSPECTION _ | PesunentNo. [APL/Qc/Pa/WW/0L PROCEDURE ae Issue Date | 29072022 TABLE-3 Acceptance Standard as per AWS D 1.1: All weld shall De visually inspected and shall be acceptable ifthe orteria of Table 9.15, AWS D 1.1 2020s satisfied Discontinuity Tubular Connections (All Loade) Crack Not Acceptable ~ Tack of penetration — | Not Acceptable Tack of fusion ‘Not Acceptable = Crater Cross Section | All crater shal be filet to provide the specified weld size, except for the ends of interment filet ‘welds outside oftheir effective length ‘Wold Profle ‘As por Figure No 7 ‘Time of inspection Visual inspection of welds in all steels may begin immediately after the completed welds have ‘cooled to ambient temperature. Undersized Welds ‘The size ofa filet weld in any continuous wold may be less than the specified nominal size () without correction by the following amounts (U): L u ‘specified nominal weld size, mm allowable decreaee from L, in im] $5 52 6 525 28 <3 lu all Cases, unndersize portion oF tie weld shal not exceed 10% oF ie Weld length, (On web-to-fiange welds on girders, under run shall be prohibited atthe ends for a length equal to twloe the width of the flange, Porosity ‘The frequency of piping porosity in filet welds shall not exceed one on 100mm of weld length ‘and the maximum diameter shall not exceed 2.5mm. Exception: for filet welds connecting stifeners to web, the sum of the diameters of piping porecity chall not oxoood 10mm in ny linear 25mm of weld end shall not exceed) 20 ey ‘300mm length of weld Undercut In primary members, undercut shall not be more than 0.25mm deep when the Weld is transverse to tensile stress under any design loading condition. Undercut shall not exceed more than 1mm deop forall other cases. Prepared by: NDT Engineer ‘Approved by: Manager QA-QC MR. Dharmesh Chauhatt Pove 4 of 6WELD VISUAL INSPECTION __ |DecumentNo. [APL7QC/PR/WW/0L Rew.No. | OL Pasurenn | PROCEDURE Tes Date [39073552 ——— TABLE -4 Weld Profiles* Weld Type Butt Comertnside |“ Corner-ouiside | T-Joint Lap) en en Figure 1 NA roove (CAP orPJP) | ~“Schedula A | Schedule B |" Schedule A | — Schedule NA ay NA Fguet a NA, ‘Schetule C | Schesuie Cor u | seneaue U—|~sereauie ote: Schedules A through D are given in TABLE — 3. © Forreinforcement iets welds required by dsign, th profi restrictions apply tom each groove end filet, separate. See Figure 1 fora desertion of where Schedule C and D apply TABLE-5 Weld Profile Schedules ‘Schedule A [ (U= thickness of thicker plate joie for CJP;t= weld se for PUP] t Rmin.— Rmac 50mm, 0. Smm* ‘Schedule B | (t= thickness of thicker plate jolied for CUP; = wold sie for PIP; * = allowable convexity or concaviy) Bin Tmax. Chien.” <25 mm 0 Unlimited, ‘3mm. > 25mm. 0 United ‘5mm. ‘Schedule C | (W = with of weld face or individual surface bead; C = allowable convexity) W. Cmax." Zamm 2mm > 8mm, < 25mm — ‘3mm 225 rim ‘mm ‘Schedule D [t= thickness of thinner of the exposed edge dimensions, C = alowable conveniy, Refer Figure — 1) t Cmax. ay value oft v2 ote a FForoyctvey faded structures, R max. fr maerts > 50mm tik is 5mm. h Thm inn nition on cancaviy a8 lng 88 minimum weld ese ooneidering both log and tht) is achieved. MR. Dharmesh Chauhan Prepared by: NDT Engineer ‘Approved by: Manager QA-GC Poge SofWELD VISUAL INSPECTION —_[PeunatNe APLC /ON PROCEDURE espa are Figure -1 (Refer TABLE 2 & TABLE ~ 3 for Description / Legends) Weld Profiles for Butt Joints Groove Weld Profiles for inside Corner Joint Groove Weld Profiles for Outside Corner Joint Prepared by: NDT Engineer _ | Approved by: Manager QA-A6 Page 6 of 8WELD VISUAL INSPECTION | DesusientNo. APLIQC/PR/WV/O1 Fe PROCEDURE ae sce OL 23072022 1 Figure — 1 (Continued...) (Refer TABLE 2 & TABLE ~ 3 for Description / Legends) Groove Weld Profiles in T-Joints Fillet Weld Profiles for Inside Corner Joints, Lap Joints and T-Joints DeSINABLE ACCEPTABLE: UMACCEPANLE [Prepared by: NOT Engineer | Page 7of8WELD VISUAL INSPECTION | DecumtentNo- [APL/QC/PR/WW/0L AeUrenE PROCEDURE bee — [arama Figure — 1 (Continued...) (Refer TABLE ~ 2 & TABLE — 3 for Description / Leaends) Fillet Weld Profiles for Outside Comer Joints DESIRABLE ‘ACCEPTABLE UNACCEPTABLE a Ao 8 EXCESSIVE xPOsED EDoe SCHEDULE C SCHEDULE C eae APPLES APPLIES APPLES Scneouue 0 ‘APPLES ‘SomEDULE O ‘APPLES SCHEDULE D “APPLIES MR. Dharmesh Chauhan Prepared by: NDT Engineer ‘Approved by: Manager QA-QC Page 8of8