TEST 1

Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

We HOLD ONTO our sense of fun right into adulthood.

[Mantenemos/nos aferramos a] nuestro sentido de la diversión hasta la edad adulta.

SEEK vs SEARCH

The words seek and search can often both be used for similar purposes. However, they are really quite different.
One fundamental difference is that the object of seek is the item you are trying to locate, whereas the object of
search is the place you are looking in. Examples:

I will seek my true love in this club.

I will search this club for my true love.

BENEFIT [Beneficioso para la salud], PROFITS [Beneficios económicos, lúdicos].

INVOLVE requires a direct object. You can't involve in something, though you could involve yourself in something.
ENGAGE does not (always) require an object, and you can engage in an activity.

OJO  si es INVOLVED si que puede seguirle IN

Part 2 (Open cloze)

For quite some time now  Desde hace bastante tiempo.

An amazing new Japanese version CAN/MAY (puede, NO podría, no encajaría con NEW) be folded.
Part 3 (Word formation)
ENERGETIC (no se usa ENERGIC)

REFERENCE (no referrence)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

RATHER THAN + verb (infinitive sin TO)  INSTEAD OF + verb (-ING)

LOOK INTO  Examinar, investigar

BECAUSE it rained so heavily  Porque llovía mucho// BECAUSE the wind was so strong

OJO RAIN SI se usa como verbo, pero WIND (en cuanto a hacer viento) NO

REPORTED SPEECH:

Los tiempos verbales

Present simple ⇨ Past Simple
I’m from Spain. ⇨ He said he was from Spain.
I love speaking in English ⇨ She said she loved speaking in English.
I live in London. ⇨ He said he lived in London.
Present Continuous ⇨ Past Continuous
I’m resting on the sofa. ⇨ He said he was resting on the sofa.
You’re driving on the wrong side. ⇨ She said I was driving on the wrong side.
You’re working too hard. ⇨ She told me I was working too hard.

Past Simple ⇨ Past Perfect

I drove to Paris yesterday. ⇨ He said he had driven to Paris the previous day.
I woke up in hospital. ⇨ He said he had woken up in hospital.
I worked last Sunday. ⇨ He said he had worksed last Sunday

Present Perfect ⇨ Past Perfect

I’ve bought a new cushion. ⇨ She said she had bought a new cushion.
I’ve swum with sharks. ⇨ She said she had swum with sharks.
I’ve swallowed my chewing gum. ⇨ He said he had swalloed his chewing gum.
Past Perfect ⇨ Past Perfect
¡Buenas noticias! No hay que cambiar el tiempo verbal para pasarlo a ‘reported speech’.
The jury had had many doubts about the case. ⇨ She said the jury had had many doubts about the case.
Can ⇨ Could
I can’t understand Scottish people. ⇨ She said she couldn’t understand Scottish people.
I can play the piano. ⇨ He said he could play the piano.
I can cook for you. ⇨ He said he could cook for me.
Will ⇨ Would
I’ll take the rubbish out this evening. ⇨ He said he would take the rubbish out that evening.
I’ll love you forever. ⇨ She said she’d love me forever.
I’ll speak to the manager. ⇨ He said he would speak to the manager.

Los adverbios de tiempo y de lugar

Al cambiar a estilo indirecto, damos un paso atrás en el tiempo, por tanto ‘hoy’ será ‘ese día’, ‘esta noche’
será ‘esa noche’, mañana será ‘el día siguiente’, etc.
I will speak to you tomorrow.
She said she would speak to me the next/ following day.

 this afternoon ⇨ that afternoon

 today ⇨ that day

 now ⇨ then/at that time

 tomorrow ⇨ the following/next day

 last week ⇨ the week before/the previous week

 next month ⇨ the following month

TIEMPOS VERBALES:

Past Perfect se usa cuando queremos expresar una acción ha ocurrido antes que otra en el pasado. En
español equivaldría al pretérito pluscuamperfecto o al pretérito anterior.
Por ejemplo: – I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet. (No tenía dinero porque había
perdido la cartera) Como se puede inferir de la frase, la acción de perder la cartera sucedió antes de la de
no tener dinero, si bien ambas están tuvieron lugar en el pasado.
También, al contrario que con el Present Perfect, podemos usar adverbios de tiempo específicos con el
Past Perfect, por ejemplo: – He had visited her friends in London once, in 2003, before she moved in with
them two years later.
TEST 2
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
LITTLE TROUBLE  Pocos problemas

Part 2 (Open cloze)

FAR FROM lejos de (distancia entre 2 puntos distintos a mi posición)

AWAY FROMno presente o distancia desde la que nos encontramos hacia otro punto

FAR AWAY muy lejos

Part 3 (Word formation)
LIMITING (limitante) CONSIDERABLY (no considerabily) UNBELIEVABLE (no unbelieveable)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(sth) is not BIG ENOUGH TO  (Algo) no es lo suficientemente grande como para…

SO THAT (sb) could + verb (infinitive) + verb (-ING)  SO AS TO verb(infinitive) + verb (-ING)

[EXAMPLE] SO THAT he could avoid spilling  SO AS TO avoid spilling

It was IMPOSSIBLE FOR ME to know  I COULD NOT have known  I COULDN’T POSSIBLY have known

There has been NO INCREASE in…  There has NOT been ANY/AN INCREASE in…

TEST 3
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
A genuine REFLECTION  un verdadero reflejo

Part 2 (Open cloze)

ONE another  EACH other

Part 3 (Word formation)

UNLIKE (a diferencia de) MARVELLOUS (no marvelous)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

Clothing companies ARE SELLING an increasing number of goods  An increasing number of goods ARE
BEING BOUGHT FROM clothing companies

Tickets cannot BE BOUGHT before 12th May  Tickets will not GO ON SALE before 12th May

Si estuvieran los tickets ya disponibles sería BE ON SALE

FOR SALE  (Usually properties) being sold by the person or organization that owns it, and available to buy:

The building has been for sale for thirteen months.

put sth up for sale We have decided to put the company up for sale.

ON SALE available to buy in a shop or on the Internet: Tickets are on sale now!

Everything goes on sale as soon as the doors open.

Being sold for a lower price than usual:
All their men's clothing is on sale this week.
You are WELCOME TO CONTACT me  Please feel free TO GET IN TOUCH WITH ME

(Sb) is PRAISED BY (Sb else)  (Alguien) es elogiado por (otra persona)

CONDITIONALS:
TEST 4
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

Make them feel at EASE  Hacer que se sientan A GUSTO

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

I promise that I would THINK CAREFULLY ABOUT the job offer  I promised TO GIVE THOUGHT TO the job
offer [CONSIDERAR]

CONSIDER  THINK OVER

ALMOST ALL the tickets for concert HAVE BEEN SOLD  There are HARDLY ANY TICKETS LEFT AVAILABLE for
concert

TEST 5
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
GO mountain-biking, cycling

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

HEAT (calor) // HEATING (calefacción) SURROUNDING (alrededor, rodeo) // SURROUNDINGS (entorno)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

In 2009 I went to Spain, and I will NEVER FORGET it  I will ALWAYS REMEMBER GOING to Spain in 2009.

REMEMBER + verb(-ING)  recuerdos

REMEMBER + TO + verb (infinitive)  recordar algo que se debe hacer

SEE (ANY,NO/THE) POINT (IN/OF) + (VERB/SUBSTANTIVE)

There was NO POINT IN STAYING at the party  It was NOT WORTH STAYING at the party  IT’S A WASTE
OF TIME + verb (-ING)  (Sth) SEEMS POINTLESS to me

TEST 6
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
BY CLOSE TO 25%  cerca del 25%

PUT DOWN (sth) TO (sth else)  atribuir (algo) a (otra cosa)

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Half THE length  la mitad de la longitud

HAVING to ride teniendo que correr...

Part 3 (Word formation)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE:

1) Si el verbo de la oración activa hace referencia al presente o al futuro, utilizaremos el infinitivo

simple. Así tendremos:

Activa: People believe that Spanish is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world.

Pasiva: Spanish is believed to be one of the most widely spoken languages in the world = Se cree que el
español es (ahora, actualmente), una de las lenguas más habladas en todo el mundo.

2) Si el verbo de la oración activa hace referencia al pasado, independientemente de que el tiempo

verbal sea "simple past", "present perfect" o "past perfect", utilizaremos el infinitivo perfecto:

Activa: The shareholders thought that the board had rejected the offer (los accionistas pensaban que la
junta había rechazado la oferta)

Pasiva: The offer was thought to have been rejected by the board (Se pensaba que la oferta había sido
rechazada por la junta)

Otro ejemplo:

Activa: Some people say that the leader of the Taliban in Pakistan has been killed (alguna gente dice que
el líder de los Talibán en Pakistán ha sido asesinado)

Pasiva: The leader of the Taliban in Pakistan is said to have been killed (Se dice que el líder de los
Talibán en Pakistán ha sido asesinado)

3) Si cualquiera de los tiempos anteriores apareciese en forma continua, nos quedarían las otras
dos opciones:

3.1) Acciones presentes o futuras: Infinitivo continuo, como en este ejemplo:

Activa: People say that Mr.Bond is having finantial difficulties.
Pasiva: Mr. Bond is said to be having finantial difficulties (Se dice que el Sr. Bond está teniendo - ahora,
en estos momentos- dificultades económicas).

3.2) Acciones pasadas: infinitivo perfecto continuo

Activa: People say that Mr.Bond was having financial difficulties.
Pasiva: Mr. Bond is said to have been having financial difficulties ( se dice que ha estado teniendo
dificultades económicas últimamente, en el pasado, pero ahora ya no las tiene).
Otro ejemplo:

Activa: Their parents thought that the teenagers were dancing at the disco.
Pasiva: The teenagers were thought to have been dancing at the disco (se pensaba que los jóvenes
habían estado bailando)

HAVE (SOMETHING) DONE:

Wish clauses: sentences

I wish + past simple

Usamos este tipo de wish clause para…

-Hablar de cosas que no se han hecho realidad en el presente (y que nos gustaría que lo fueran): I wish I were on
holiday right now –I’m so stressed!

-Hablar de cosas que podrían hacerse realidad en el futuro: I wish I could speak French properly.

-Hablar de cosas que desearíamos cambiar en el futuro, pero que no van a ocurrir: I wish I could come with you
next week.

Las reglas de formación son muy fáciles, se trata de I wish (o If only) + la forma de pasado del verbo.

I wish + past perfect

Esta fórmula se usa únicamente para hablar del pasado y expresa arrepentimiento. Hay dos variantes:

-Hablar de cosas que hicimos en el pasado (y que ahora no nos parecen tan buena idea): I wish I hadn’t gone to
the beach instead of studying.

-Hablar de cosas que no hicimos en el pasado y desearíamos haber hecho: I wish I had studied harder for my
Advanced exam.

Para formar esta wish clause, debes usar I wish (o if only) + had o hadn’t + el participio de pasado.

I wish + would
Por último, el tercer tipo de wish clauses expresa malestar o enfado ante una situación que deseamos que cambie
en el futuro. La diferencia con el pasado simple es que en el primer caso el hablante está más bien triste o
decepcionado, mientras que aquí se expresa irritación.

Otra cosa importante a recordar es que esta fórmula solo puede usarse si hay dos sujetos distintos (no se puede
decir I wish I would). Queremos que alguien o que algo cambie, no nosotros mismos. Por ejemplo:

I wish my mother wouldn’t drive so slowly –it really gets on my nerves!

I wish my students would behave better in class.

I wish my neighbour would stop playing music because I can’t hear myself think.

I WISH YOU WOULD stop biting your nails  Please stop biting your nails

TEST 7
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
To PROMOTE (Sb) within the company  Ascender (a alguien) en la empresa/compañía

Part 2 (Open cloze)

GET (them) USED TO...  (Se) acostumbran a ...

on ACCOUNT of  debido a

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

It HARDLY EVER rains  CASI NUNCA llueve

I HAVE A TWENTY-MINUTE WALK to the school  IT TAKES ME TWENTY MINUTES TO WALK to the school.

IT WAS A FIFTEEN-HOUR flight to the islands  The flight to the islands TOOK FIFTEEN HOURS

WOULD YOU MIND NOT MAKING that noise?  I WOULD RATHER YOU DIDN’T MAKE that noise.

ADJECTIVE COMPARISON
TEST 8
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

TAKE CARE OF  LOOK AFTER  TO CARE FOR

There was HARDLY ANYBODY  No había casi nadie

TEST 9
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
As LITTLE as three or four times a day  tan sólo 3 o 4 veces al día

Part 2 (Open cloze)

COULD: Could is mainly used to discuss possible actions or happenings, in the present or future. Possible situation.

1.- To indicate something which you are able or permitted to do:

In my childhood, I could play basketball.
You said we could go for lunch when I complete the assignment.
2.- To make requests, i.e. Could you tell me the exact address, please? // Could you please close the door?
3.- To ask for permission: Could I have the bowl, please?
4.- To show the possibility: You could have joined us.
5.- To give a suggestion: We could go by train instead of the bus.

WOULD: Would is used in sentences when we talk about situation which we only imagine or of things that happen
frequently in the past. Imaginary situation. Also, would is an expression of a hypothetical desire.
1.- To state things that may happen in future, from the past standpoint: Prateeksha said she would go for a meeting
on Monday.
2.- For making requests, asking someone to do something: Would you please give me some time to think over it?
3.- To express intention, from the past standpoint: You said you would always help me. //She promised, she would
not let me go.
4.- To ask for permission: Would you mind if I go and meet my friends tonight?
Would it be Okay, if I am out of town for three days?
5.- To make an offer or invitation: Would you like to come over our place tonight?
6.- To represent the possibility: She would not like to go to the party.
7.- In conditional sentences: What would you do if you became a celebrity overnight?
8.- Wish clauses: I wish my students would behave better in class.

SHOULD: When we are talking about the right thing to do, we use should:

- Adam should take more care when he's cycling (= it's the right thing to do but he doesn't do it)
- I shouldn't spend so much time watching TV (= it's the wrong thing to do but I still do it)
- I should have been more careful with the crystal glasses, I’ve dropped them all to the floor.
Part 3 (Word formation) ✓
It MUST certainly have saved  Ciertamente debe haber salvado...

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

If you WORK HARDER  if you DO MORE WORK

THE PASSIVE VOICE:

En la voz activa la acción del verbo recae sobre el sujeto, mientras que en la voz pasiva la acción recae sobre el
objeto. Ejemplo:

Voz activa: Someone stole my bag // Voz pasiva: My bag was stolen

¿Cómo pasamos una oración activa a pasiva?

1. El objeto de la oración activa pasa a ser el sujeto de la oración pasiva.

2. El verbo principal se sustituye por el auxiliar "to be" (en el mismo tiempo verbal) seguido del verbo principal en
participio.

3. El sujeto de la oración activa pasa a ser complemento agente de la pasiva. No siempre aparece en la oración, y
cuando aparece va introducido por "by".
DOBLAR ÚLTIMA CONSONANTE:

PALABRAS MONOSÍLABAS

En el caso de las palabras monosílabas la regla que aplica para saber si se dobla la última consonante es que la
palabra termine en la siguiente estructura: consonante + vocal + consonante. Con las consonantes W, X, Y, no se
dobla la última consonante en inglés: play, fix, snow.

PALABRAS CON MÁS DE UNA SÍLABA

En el caso de las palabras con más de una sílaba, la regla que se aplica para saber si se dobla la última consonante es
que la última sílaba sea la sílaba tónica. Es decir, que sea la que lleva la acentuación. Ejemplo: BEGIN  BEGINNING

Por último, hay que comentar que en inglés británico suelen doblar también la última consonante en inglés las
palabras que terminan en «l», independientemente de que sea la sílaba tónica la última. Sin embargo, esta regla no
aplica en inglés americano. Ejemplo: cancel – cancelled (BrE) / canceled (AmE)

TEST 10
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
THROUGHOUT the year  durante todo el año (no cambia), OVER the year  si cambia (ej.: río)

BOTH OF WHICH  ambos EACH OF WHICH  cada uno de los cuales

VIEW: What you can see from a particular place or position, especially beautiful natural scenery. Examples:
The cottage had a delightful sea view.
We had a spectacular view of the mountains from our room.
From the balcony we enjoyed/admired the wonderful view of the city.
The view from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.

SIGHT: a thing that you see or can see, especially something that is impressive or unusual. Examples:
It's a spectacular sight as the flamingos lift into the air.
I faint at the sight of blood.
The sight of vegetables on the table makes my child cry.
Exotic animals are a rare sight in Iceland.
Note that we can look at/enjoy/admire a view but we cannot see/watch a view.

Part 2 (Open cloze)

on the WHOLE  en general

Part 3 (Word formation)

WINDY CONDITIONS (condiciones de viento) CANCELLATION (no cancelation)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Just) in case

In case means because something might happen/occur. It is often used before a pronoun (In case you feel cold,
take my coat) or at the end of a sentence (We don't want to be late so let's wake up early just in case)

in case of (something)

In case of means if there should happen to be / because of the possibility of. It is followed by a noun (In case of fire,
ring the alarm bell).

IN CASE + (SB/STH) + verb(present simple or past simple)

I HAD TROUBLE + verb (-ING)  I FOUND IT DIFFICULT TO + verb (infinitive) 

I HAD DIFFICULTY {IN + verb(-ING)/WITH +noun}  IT’S VERY HARD FOR ME TO + verb (infinitive)

We don’t have ANY BREAD LEFT  We HAVE RUN OUT OF bread.

Is there ANY CHANCE OF that film being shown on TV?  Is that film likely to be shown on TV?

You can CHOOSE FROM a lot of dishes  There IS A CHOICE OF a lot of dishes [Se puede elegir entre…]

TEST 11
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

AS an individual de forma individual

Enter FOR  presentado, inscrito

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

IN ORDER NOT TO + miss [verb (infinitive) ] Para no + perderse (algo)

GET TO  ARRIVE AT/IN  REACH (no preposition)

Comparaciones de gustos:

I PREFER + verb (-ING) [do something] + TO + verb(-ING) [do something else] 

I PREFER + TO + verb (infinitive) [do something] + RATHER THAN + verb(infinitive) [do something else] 

I PREFER + TO + verb (infinitive) [do something] + THAN + verb(-ING) [do something else] 

I WOULD RATHER + verb (infinitive sin TO) [do something] + THAN + verb (infinitive sin TO) [do something else]

Cuando NO comparamos gustos:

I really DON'T WANT TO GO out tonight  I PREFER NOT TO GO out tonight.

I WOULD PREFER TO stay at home tonight  I WOULD RATHER (sin TO) stay at home

I WOULD RATHER YOU… + verb (past simple) […started work next week] {Petición formal}

I WOULD PREFER YOU… + NOT TO + verb (infinitive […phone me] {Petición formal}

TEST 12
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
GO BACK  remontarse a, regresar...
LINK  A connection between two people, things or ideas UNION  the act of uniting or joining two or more
things into one.

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

AT ONE TIME  Al mismo tiempo, en otro tiempo

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

REGRET NOT + verb(-ING) + verb(participle)  I REGRET NOT having done more

TEST 13
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
"AUDIENCE" typically refers to consumers of a cultural event (things like plays, movies, and even books).
"SPECTATOR" is more commonly used to describe people watching a sporting event.
"VIEWER" usually implies that someone is watching a TV program.

SPECIAL performance (NO particular performance)

COMPANY (as noun) is the fact of being with a person or people [Personas]

PRESENCE (as noun) is the fact or condition of being present in a place [Objetos o personas]

Part 2 (Open cloze)

ON THE CONTRARY  Por el contrario

So TAKE ADVANTAGE OF all the health benefits (detrás de SO no ponemos TAKING)

Part 3 (Word formation)

NEW ARRIVALS (recién llegados) ECONOMICAL (algo que permite ahorrar) ECONOMIC (relacionado con la
economía)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

MAKE (SB) + verb (infinitive sin TO)

LET (SB) + verb(infinitive sin TO)

ARRIVE  TURN UP [También puede ser aparecer un objeto después de haberlo estado buscando]

TEST 14
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Very MUCH time  a LONG time

A lot MORE  Mucho más

WAS never on my own  Nunca estuve solo // OF my own  por mi cuenta

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

PUT OFF  Postponed, to disappoint (sb)
(Sb) decided to WAIT AND ONLY BOOK his flight at the last minute  (Sb) decided to PUT OFF BOOKING his
flight until the last minute

CALL OFF  Cancelled

LET (SB) + verb(infinitive sin TO)

*Talk también es una conversación entre 2 o más personas.

*Anything can be used with a negative word such as “never” as well as “not”.

TEST 15
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
UNCOMFORTABLY full

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

DIRECTOR--> directivo, manager, director...
Part 4 (Key word transformations)
To ADVERTISE the job To PUT AN ADVERTISEMENT FOR the job

At the end of his speech, the winner thanked his parents  The winner FINISHED his speech BEFORE THANKING
his parents.

TEST 16
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

This is probably BECAUSE  Esto probablemente se deba a que

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(SB) is INTERESTED IN (DOING STH) (SB) WOULD LIKE TO (DOING STH)

(SB) never TAKES ANY NOTICE OF my advice  (SB) never PAYS ANY ATTENTION TO my advice  (SB) TAKES
NO NOTICE OF my advice

(SB) asked (SB else) TO LEND (him/her)  (SB) asked (SB else) IF (he/she) COULD BORROW

ENJOY  HAVE FUN

TEST 17
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
YOU ARE SURE  Tienes la seguridad de

ASSOCIATED WITH  RELATING TO

A COMMON SIGHT  Una visión común

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

HOLIDAYS se usa para:

Referirse a un periodo concreto de tiempo. Por ejemplo:

Summer holidays, vacaciones de verano
Easter holidays, vacaciones de pascua.
Referirse a más de un viaje.
How many holidays did you have last year? – ¿Cuántas vacaciones tuviste el año pasado?

HOLIDAY, en cambio, se usa para:

Referirse a un solo evento o día festivo concreto.

Next Monday it’s a holiday, so kids have no school. – El próximo lunes es fiesta, así que los niños no tienen escuela.
Para indicar que estás o te vas “de vacaciones”, en referencia a un largo periodo de tiempo.
Next Tuesday I go on holiday! – ¡El próximo martes me voy de vacaciones! (No se puede decir On holidays).

TEST 18
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
THE MAJOR DISCOVERY  El gran descubrimiento de

TRAVEL puede ser un verbo, viajar, o un nombre, viaje, que suele ir en plural. Se suele encontrar en singular en
expresiones como travel document, travel agency, travel plan…

TRIP es un nombre que podemos traducir como viaje. Implica una visita de corta duración y, a veces, se refiere a un
viaje con varios trayectos. Su uso puede estar relacionado con la necesidad de expresar la naturaleza del
desplazamiento. Aparece en expresiones como round trip, business trip, boat trip…

JOURNEY es un nombre que podemos traducir como trayecto. Se refiere exclusivamente al desplazamiento que se
realiza entre dos puntos. Diremos: bus journey, the journey to school… Del mismo modo, cuando hablamos de un
viaje espiritual o intelectual se utiliza también journey (intellectual journey o spiritual journey).

VOYAGE, al igual que travel, puede ser un verbo,viajar, o un nombre,viaje, pero (casi) siempre refiriéndose a viajes
que se realizan surcando el mar o el espacio.

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

IMPRESS (SB)  MAKE A GOOD IMPRESSION ON (SB)

TEST 19
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
ANNOUNCE TO  Contar a (alguien sobre algo)

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

WARN (SB) NOT TO + verb (infinitive)

I COULDN’T UNDERSTAND (STH)  (STH) DOESN’T MAKE ANY SENSE TO ME

We APPEAR/SEEM TO have been given (STH)  IT SEEMS/LOOKS AS IF we have been given (STH).

TEST 20
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

TAKE a step back into the past  Regresar al pasado

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

DON’T MEAN TO + verb (infinitive) + (STH) HAVE NO INTENTION OF + verb (infinitive) + (STH)  DON’T
INTEND TO + verb (infinitive) + (STH)

MAKE ARRANGEMENTS  PLAN [Hacer planes, planear]

TEST 21
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
A CONVENIENT port for  un puerto adecuado para

Part 2 (Open cloze)

SO that (para que), UNTIL (hasta que), por tanto until no puede NUNCA ir seguido de that

Almost ALL  Casi todo

Part 3 (Word formation)

MEMBERSHIP --> membresía, afiliación [uncountable]

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

He was LOOKING where he was going  He was PAYING ATTENTION TO where he was going

TEST 22
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

PRACTICAL value  de valor práctico
Part 4 (Key word transformations)
HEARD FROM  Saber de (alguien)

HEARD ABOUT/OF  Saber (algo) de (alguien)

It is ADVISABLE NOT TO + verb (infinitive)  It is ADVISABLE NOT TO hire bikes

She WOULD NEVER TALK TO anyone else about the matter  She promised never TO DISCUSS the matter WITH
anyone else

TEST 23
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Not LONG after  no mucho después de que

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sth) IS VERY SIMILAR TO (sth else)  THERE IS NOT A LOT OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN (sth) and (sth else)

BECAUSE (sth) was late  AS A RESULT OF (sth) being late

(Sb) CONVICTED (Sb else) OF (sth)  (Sb) ACCUSED (Sb else) OF (sth)  (Sb) WAS FOUND GUILTY OF (sth)

TEST 24
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
ALL THINGS CONSIDERED  Dadas las circunstancias, teniéndolo todo en cuenta

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Give rise to  Dio lugar a

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

TAKE UP  Empezar (a jugar o trabajar en algo)

IT WAS xx years AGO THAT (sth happened) [Siempre que tengamos AGO THAT se usa IT WAS, NO IT HAS BEEN]

TEST 25
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
FORMS 3D SHAPES  2D

LIE  Lagos Running  ríos

PLAY A PART  Desempeñar un papel

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Give insight into  dar una idea de

WHAT (sth) looked like?  Cómo era (algo)?

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

QUITE NEAR  NOT FAR AWAY

ALTER (someone’s) DECISION  CHANGE (someone’s) MIND

MAKE UP (someone’s) MIND  (Someone) TAKE A DECISION [UK], MAKE A DECISION [US]

TEST 26
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
What is PARTICULARLY worrying  Lo que es especialmente preocupante...

If you DISTURB someone, you interrupt their concentration or relaxation, often by unexpected arrival and/or noise.
EXAMPLE: The baby's crying disturbed the mother's sleep.

If you INTERFERE with something, you do something that stops it from working normally, especially if what you do
is unwelcome. The 'something' could be a person or a piece of equipment or an arrangement. EXAMPLES: Toni
wanted to arrange the wedding for July, but her mother interfered and insisted it should be in September. // The
thieves were able to escape because they interfered with the burglar alarm.

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

INSTRUCTORS  monitores, profesores, instructores...

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

LOSE MY TEMPER  Perder los papeles, poner de los nervios

TEST 27
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
OCCUPATION es ocupación (militar) o trabajo, TASK es tarea, labor, función, cometido...

START OUT Comenzar, iniciar un puesto de trabajo o tarea.

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb) continued to smoke EVEN THOUGH his doctor TOLD him to quit  DESPITE THE FACT THAT the doctor
TELLING him not to, (Sb) continued to smoke.// EVEN THOUGH  DESPITE THE FACT THAT // DESPITE NOT +
verb (-ING)
ONLY JUST  Apenas

BE USED TO + verb(-ING)  GET USED TO + verb (-ING) [Acostumbrarse a (algo), no confundir con (sb) USED TO
+ verb( infinitive) (Alguien solía (hacer algo))]

REFUSE TO + verb (infinitive)

GO TO AN INTERVIEW JOB  Ir a una entrevista de trabajo

IDEA + { WHY (reason), ABOUT (frase sin verbo), HOW (como de…), SIN PREPOSICIÓN (resto de casos)}

(Sth) was the ONLY ONE NOT TO BE blown over {NO se pone IN not to be…}

TEST 28
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
CARE FOR  cuidar de (algo, alguien)

The easiest way to explain when to use APPEAL vs. ATTRACT is when you are talking about PEOPLE it is more
common to refer to them as ATTRACTIVE. For example : She is very attractive. // You look very attractive
tonight. //That is an attractive young man.

We tend to use APPEALING when to talking about things that are ABSTRACT. in most cases if you can use the word
tempting you can also use the word appealing. For example: That is an appealing offer. That is a tempting offer.

Part 2 (Open cloze)

IT IS MADE CLEAR  Queda claro

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

NOWHERE NEAR  Ni de lejos

FAR MORE [Bastante/mucho más] // SO MUCH [Tanto]

Lawyers earn FAR MORE THAN teachers  Teachers don’t earn NEARLY AS MUCH AS lawyers

TEST 29
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

MUCH MORE  Mucho más

TEST 30
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

From that/this time Desde aquel entonces

(Sth) sell out WITHIN HOURS AFTER going on sale  (Algo) se agota pocas horas después de salir a la venta
Part 3 (Word formation)
INACCURATE  impreciso UNDISTURBED  tranquilo

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

YOU NEEDN'T + verb(infinitivo sin TO delante)

TEST 31
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
This further STRENGTHENED the belief  Esto fortaleció aún más la creencia

Part 2 (Open cloze)

As well as ANYONE else alive  más que cualquier otro

Part 3 (Word formation)

There is every LIKELIHOOD  Es muy probable...

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

FALL THROUGH  SPOIL

TEST 32
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

THAT OF  el de/ la de (haciendo referencia a algo anterior)

IN WHICH  WHERE

The rule is that you use "JUST LIKE" if what follows is not a complete subordinate clause. You use "JUST AS" if what
follows isa complete subordinate clause (subject + verb).
EXAMPLES:
Just as we all agreed to leave, Mary remembered she had homework due tomorrow.
Just as you said yesterday, snow will fall today.
Just like lightning, the TGF passed through the countryside.
Gilles Marini danced just like poetry in motion.

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

WHO DOES this pen BELONG TO?  Do you know WHOSE pen this IS?

TO Alan’s AMAZEMENT … Alan WAS AMAZED TO …

TEST 33
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
IN THE INTERESTS OF SAFETY  por razones de seguridad

Part 2 (Open cloze)

No matter WHAT the conditions  Sin importar las condiciones

In BOTH these cases  En ambos casos

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb)’s BEHAVIOUR  THE WAY (Sb) BEHAVIED

LA ()‘S DEL GENITIVO SAJÓN NO CUENTA COMO PALABRA entre las 2-5 que hay que añadir en estos ejercicios

TEST 34
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
COMMONLY means frequently or most of the time. For example: Association football is most commonly referred to
as soccer.

NORMALLY means "as a rule or under normal conditions". For example: all seminars in our college normally take
place in the auditorium.

TAKE IN  Acoger (a alguien), disfrutar de (algo)

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Other  se utiliza para referirse a una cosa o a una persona que es diferente o distinta de una que ya se mencionó.
Another  se utiliza para referirse a una persona o cosa adicional del mismo tipo de la que ya se mencionó.

Be capable of  ser capaz de

In any detail  en detalle

Part 3 (Word formation)

LIKING  gusto, cariño, agrado, aprecio

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

DO YOU THINK IT WOULD BE A GOOD IDEA to get my hair cut?  WOULD YOU SUGGEST GETTING my hair cut?

Steve DIDN’T MANAGE TO complete his work  Steve FAILED TO complete his work  DIDN’T SUCCEEDED IN

They said the accident WAS MY FAULT They said I WAS TO BLAME FOR the accident

IT WAS MY FAULT WE DIDN’T WIN the game  WE LOST the game BECAUSE OF MY MISTAKE
You [SHOULD/OUGHT TO] HAVE FINISHED your task  You WERE SUPPOSED TO FINISH your task

TEST 35
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
TO LIVE ON FROM (sth)  para seguir viviendo (de una profesión o trabajo)

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Why NOT TRY / Why DON’T YOU TRY  por qué no intentas…?

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

Did Timothy [SAY/EXPLAIN] WHY HE WAS late?  Did Timothy GIVE A REASON FOR BEING late?

(Sb) was LET OUT OF hospital  (Sb) was RELEASED FROM hospital

TO ENTER the competition  TO GO IN FOR the competition [Presentarse a la competición]

TEST 36
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
BE TREATED AS A JOKE  No tomárselo en serio

THIS ISN'T TO SAY THAT Esto no quiere decir que

IN FEAR OF  con temor a (algo)

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Part 3 (Word formation)

So don't wait  así que no esperes

Getting the WHOLE of the family together  Reunir a TODA la familia

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

Trains ARE RARELY LATE in Spain  USUALLY, trains ARE ON TIME in Spain

(Sb) RARELY takes a holiday  IT IS RARE FOR (Sb) TO take a holiday

(Sb)’s home IS still IN SPAIN, IS IT?  (Sb) still LIVES in Spain, DOES HE? […VERDAD?]

TEST 37
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
A SIMPLE SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING YOUR INFORMATION  Un sencillo sistema para recoger tu información

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Part 3 (Word formation)

MAKE plans  hacer planes

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

You SHOULD TELL her what you think  You HAD BETTER + (infinitive verb SIN TO) TELL her what you think
TEST 38
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
REPORTS OF THE EXISTENCE  noticias sobre la existencia

BY THE LIGHT OF HIS CAMPFIRE  junto a la luz de su hoguera

Part 2 (Open cloze)

BRING about  provocar, dar lugar a (algo)

UNTIL then  Hasta entonces

Part 3 (Word formation)

REASONABLY  razonablemente

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb) COULDN’T ACCEPT it (Sb) HAD TO TURN it DOWN

(Sb) didn’t MENTION (STH) TO ME  (Sb) didn’t SAY A WORD TO ME about (STH)

TEST 39
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
FORMING YOU ATTITUDE TO THE WORLD  Formar tu actitud hacia el mundo

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

Cycling IS NOT ALLOWED in this park  you ARE NOT SUPPOSED TO cycle in this park [are supposed not to]

She said to me, “I’M SORRY I FORGOT your birthday”  She APOLOGISED FOR [FORGETTING/HAVING
FORGOTTEN] my birthday

(Sb) WAS DISAPPOINTED not to win the competition  Not winning the competition CAME AS A
DISAPPOINTMENT TO (Sb)

TEST 40
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Shouldn't COME as that much of a surprise  No debería ser una sorpresa

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

In the case of catching the train, both "IN TIME" and "ON TIME" are fine. The first implies that
you arrived with enough time to catch the train, while the second implies that you got there
before or at the time the train was scheduled to depart. In most cases this is the same thing,
but you can see a subtle difference:
"I didn't arrive on time, but the train was delayed so I made it in time to catch it anyway." (ie.
the train was scheduled to leave at 12, you got there at 12:05, but the train was delayed until
12:10).

ON TIME --> Para citas, IN TIME--> con tiempo suficiente para…

BE LATE  BE ON TIME [Antonyms]

TEST 41
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

PUT more THOUGHT into (sth) than ...  pensar más en (algo) que en ...

TAKE the choice of (sth) SERIOUSLY  Tomarse en serio elegir (algo)

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

STAND  PUT UP WITH  TOLERATE [soportar, aguantar algo/ a alguien que nos es irritante]

TEST 42
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

Could I STAY WITH YOU in Madrid for several days  Could YOU PUT ME UP IN Madrid for several days?

I ADVICED (SB) TO + verb (infinitive)  (SB) TOOK MY ADVICE + (and did something)

(SB) DISLIKES + (SB else) + verb (-ING)  (SB) DOESN’T LIKE IT WHEN + (SB else) + verb (infinitive)

TEST 43
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
CARRY AROUND  llevar contigo, llevar encima

Part 2 (Open cloze)

IT’S ABOUT (doing sth)  se trata de …

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

BOREDOM  Aburrimiento RESEARCH programme  Programa de investigación

FEEDBACK (no feedbacks, es incontable)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(SB) was RELIEVED TO + (know something)  Sentirse aliviado por (algo)

TEST 44
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

IT IS IMPOSSIBLE FOR ME NOT TO LAUGH  I CAN’T HELP LAUGHING

¡OJO! CAN’T STAND también va seguido de verbo acabado en -ING

GET CLOSE  KEEP AWAY [Antonyms]

TEST 45
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
THE HEIGHT OF FASHION  a la última moda

Part 2 (Open cloze)

PREDICT va ligado al verbo WILL  Researchers have never been able to predict which participants WILL seen (sth)

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(SB)’brother CAN cycle BETTER THAN (SB) CAN  (SB) IS NOT SUCH A GOOD cyclist AS his brother.

TEST 46
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

ACCURACY  Exactitud

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

IT IS REALLY NOT WORTH TRYING TO (do something)  IT IS HARDLY WORTH TRYING TO (do something)

IS GOOD VALUE FOR MONEY?  In your opinion, IS (sth) WORTH BUYING?

Andrew HAD NEVER VISITED Spain BEFORE  IT WAS Andrew’s FIRST VISIT TO Spain

TEST 47
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
(Sth) TAKES ITS NAME from  (Algo) lleva su nombre (por…)

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Results FROM a number of factors  Se debe a un número de factores

The role OF other team players  El papel de otros jugadores del equipo

To work AT it  Para trabajar en ello

Cuando nos referimos a algo que no sea general, sino algo concreto o especifico usamos THIS (un entrenamiento
especializado). Si hablamos general como el miedo, nos referimos a ello con IT.

Part 3 (Word formation)

"DISCONNECTED" suggests some problem or malfunction; while "UNCONNECTED" suggests a lack of relationship.

The area's most important early VISITOR  El primer visitante más importante de la zona

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

NOT MANY students…  ONLY A SMALL NUMBER OF students

TEST 48
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
This CHANGE in the fortunes of the industry all started way back in 2004  este cambio en la suerte de la
industria comenzó en 2004

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

GENTLY  Suavemente

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

The boss wouldn’t HAVE ANY OBJECTION TO (Sb) + verb (-ING) The boss wouldn’t OBJECT TO (Sb) + verb (-
ING)

I EXPECT (SB)…  I’M SURE (SB)…  (SB) MUST HAVE…

TEST 49
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
BRING BENEFITS  Aportan beneficios

COME UNDER THREAT  Amenazado, en peligro

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Go ON stage  subir al escenario

As anything BUT  como algo más que

To be worn FOR warmth  ser puesto para calentarse

Part 3 (Word formation)

LAUGHTER  Risa PHYSICAL ILLNESS  Enfermedades físicas

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

The size of the city CAME AS A SURPRISE TO Peter  Peter WAS SURPRISED AT HOW LARGE the city was

(Sb) DIDN’T EXPECT TO + verb (infinitive)  IT CAME AS A SURPRISE TO (Sb) + verb (infinitive)

Los posesivos (genitivo sajón) nunca llevan delante el artículo THE

TEST 50
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

It is once AGAIN very fasionable  Está una vez más a la moda

Be WORTH little more  Valer poco más que...

THOSE WITH  WHO HAVE

Part 3 (Word formation)

STRESSFUL  Estresante

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(SB) DOESN’T RUN AS FAST AS (SB else)  (SB else) IS A FASTER RUNNER THAN (SB)

[Activa] (STH) will NEED A THOROUGH REDECORATION  (STH) will HAVE TO BE THOROUGHLY REDECORATED
[Pasiva]

TEST 51
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

This is BECAUSE  Esto se debe a que

A new PAIR (of shoes)

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

JUST IN TIME  Justo a tiempo

You must be at the cinema WELL BEFORE THE START  You must be at the cinema IN TIME

TEST 52
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

GET into  engancharse (viciarse con algo, un libro por ejemplo)

You MAY not otherwise  De otro modo no tendrías

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 53
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
(Sth) TAKES (some) EFFORT TO DO  (Algo) requiere de un esfuerzo para hacer
Part 2 (Open cloze)
Each of WHICH  cada uno de los cuales

EVER since  Desde entonces

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 54
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

THERE is a fair chance  Es bastante probable

STAND the test of time  resistir el paso del tiempo

Part 3 (Word formation)

Look rather ALIKE bastante parecidos VARIATIONS  variaciones

The world's least WELCOMING weather conditions  Las condiciones meteorológicas menos acogedoras del
mundo

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

“We SHALL TELL TO your parents (sth)” said (SB)  (SB) SAID TO ME that my parents WOULD BE TOLD (sth)

(SB) is NOT LONGER INTERESTED  (SB) HAS LOST INTEREST IN (sth)

I AM NOT INTERESTED IN (sth)  (sth) DOESN’T INTEREST ME

WE COULDN’T AFFORD this hotel  They DIDN’T PAY this hotel because they DIDN’T HAVE ENOUGH MONEY
This hotel COST TOO MUCH

They will HAVE ENOUGH MONEY to buy (sth)  They will BE ABLE TO AFFORD to buy (sth)

TEST 55
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

By DOING work experience  Haciendo prácticas laborales

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

When ARE YOU HOPING to go to university? When DO YOU WANT to go to university?

TEST 56
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
IN DIAMETER (x metros) de diámetro

DRIVE is used with vehicles of four or more wheels. You drive a car, a taxi, a bus, a lorry, a train.

RIDE is used with vehicles of two wheels, or with anything that we straddle (montamos).
You ride a bike, a bicycle, a motorbike, a pony, a horse, a camel.
It is also used with vehicles that you are not driving.

Part 2 (Open cloze)

If something is a requirement in order to do something else, then you use ‘NEED TO’. If it is something you are
obligated to do regardless of any further goals, then you use ‘HAVE TO’.

“I want to go to France, so I need to get a passport.”

“I have to turn off all the lights before I leave.”

When we use BECAUSE, we are focusing on the reason (no conocemos la RAZÓN).

We often use AS and SINCE when we want to focus more on the result than the reason (Se conoce el motivo o razón
y por eso nos enfocamos más en el RESULTADO).

Part 3 (Word formation)

WILLINGLY  voluntariamente, con agrado, de buen grado UNWILLING  reacio

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

TELL OFF  SCOLD

TEST 57
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
INTO THE DISTANCE  En la distancia

Part 2 (Open cloze)

To ENTER the nose  Entrar por la nariz

THIS  la idea u objeto es más cercana al hablante que al oyente

THAT  la idea u objeto es más cercana y distinguible al oyente que al hablante

Part 3 (Word formation)

UNRELIABLE  de poca confianza Upon the REALISATION  Al darse cuenta de que

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sth) IS SOUR  (Sth) HAS GONE OFF

TEST 58
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
CARRY OUT TRANSACTIONS  Realizar operaciones

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Grow up with  Crecer con
Part 3 (Word formation)
HATRED  aversión, odio DELIVERY costs  gastos de envío ARGUMENT (no arguement)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

HANG ONTO (Sth)  KEEP (Sth) {Conservar algo}

(Sb) STARTED TO LAUGH  (Sb) BURST OUT LAUGHING

TEST 59
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
PASS ON  PASS DOWN  HAND DOWN [Transimitir]

SUPPORTED  respaldado, apoyado (refuerza una prueba de evidencia)

SCORE better on a test  puntúa mejor en un examen

Part 2 (Open cloze)

YET  se usa como contraste a la oración anterior, HOWEVER tambien pero va seguido de COMA.

ALTHOUGH, BUT, WHILE, WHEREAS  se usa como contraste a la primera parte de una misma frase.

And are MOST/ EVERY useful  y son sumamente útiles

Part 3 (Word formation)

EMBARRASSMENT  Vergüenza, bochorno

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

TO MY ASTONISHMENT the stranger knew my name  I WAS ASTONISHED TO FIND the stranger knew my name

(SB) + NO LONGER + VERB(past simple)  “(SB) + VERB(neg. present simple) + ANY MORE” said (SB else)

NO-ONE WANTS TO BUY (Sth)  THERE IS NO LONGER ANY DEMAND FOR (Sth)

TEST 60
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
DIFFERENT FORMS OF THE GAME  Diferentes formas del juego

MAKE UP OF  SET UP WITH (Formar, constituir algo)

MEANT  significó que… (AS a result of (sth), (sth else) could be done)

PRODUCE make something as the result of a natural process.

MAKE You produce something in a factory. Use "made of" when materials can be
recognized (This table was made of wood). Use "made from" when materials can't be
recognized (This wine was made from grapes).

Part 2 (Open cloze)

SET THE RECORD STRIGHT  Dejar las cosas claras

WEIGHED  Pesaba

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)
LET (someone) DOWN  TO DISSAPOINT (someone)

GET (someone) DOWN  (Sth) MAKES (someone) FEEL UNHAPPY OR DEPRESSED

SO AS TO  Para, a fin de // SO AS NOT TO  Para no // SO THAT  Para que, a fin de que

TEST 61
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
IT’S NEVER GOING TO PROVE EASY  Nunca va a resultar sencillo

The main difference between them is that RAISE is transitive (it must have a direct object) and RISE is intransitive
(no direct object). Something raises something. Something rises.

Part 2 (Open cloze)

AT PRESENT  Hoy en día, en la actualidad, hasta el momento, hasta la fecha

Part 3 (Word formation)

CLARIFY Aclarar FULLY  totalmente, completamente

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

She is TOO YOUNG TO ride a bike  She is NOT OLD ENOUGH TO ride a bike

IT’S INUSUAL FOR (SB) TO BE rude  (SB) IS HARDLY EVER rude

TEST 62
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

If you ADVERTISE something such as a product, an event, or a job, you tell people about it online, in
newspapers/magazines, on television, or on posters in order to encourage them to buy the product, go to the
event, or apply for the job

Waste money  es tirar o despilfarrar el dinero, NO es lo mismo que Loose money  que es cuando se invierte
dinero y se pierde o cuando dejamos olvidado el dinero en un sitio y no nos acordamos de donde puede estar.

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb) WOULD LOVE TO (do sth)  (Sb) IS KEEN ON (doing sth)

(Sb) REALLY LIKES (Sb else)  (Sb) IS REALLY KEEN ON (Sb else)

TEST 63
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

I TRIED AS HARD AS I COULD TO KEEP my promise  I DID MY BEST NOT TO BREAK my promise

(SB) DIDN’T REALISE THAT…  WHAT (SB) FAILED TO REALISE WAS THAT IT WAS NECESSARY TO…

I don’t THINK (sth) IS NECESSARY  I don’t SEE THE NECESSITY OF (sth)

Was IT REALLY NECESSARY to buy (sth)  Was THERE ANY NEEED to buy (sth)

TEST 64
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

A GOOD MANY  much@s

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 65
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

IT'S YEARS BEFORE IT BREAKS DOWN  Pasarán años antes de que se descomponga

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 66
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

PUT TOGETHER FROM THESE SECTIONS  armado a partir de estas secciones

BEING OVER 250 METRES LONG  Tienen más de 250 metros de largo

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 67
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
VARIOUS PARTS OF THE COUNTRYSIDE  Diversas partes del campo

Part 2 (Open cloze)

IN ANY ONE YEAR  En un año cualquiera

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

Most OF MY NEIGHBOURS travel to work  Most of the people IN MY NEIGHBOURHOOD travel to work

REASON + WHY + Oración con verbo

REASON + FOR + Oración nominal sin verbo

TEST 68
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

ASSIGNMENT tarea, asignación, encargo, mission SLEEPLESS nights  noches en vela

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 69
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

OJO los barcos navegan, NO usamos GO sino TRAVEL o SAILING

FULL OF Lleno de PLENTY OF  Muchos

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 70
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
CERTAIN DAYS  Determinados días

BUT BY TRADITION, NOT LAW  No por ley, sino por tradición

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

Everyone WAS ASLEEP …  Everyone HAD DROPPED OFF …
TEST 71
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
INTRODUCE INTO  Incorporar (algo) en (un lugar)

XX % FEWER ERRORS  XX % menos de errores

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

Reach greater HEIGHTS  Llegar mucho más alto, tener más éxito

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb) IS THE ONLY PERSON I know who went to…  I don’t know ANOTHER ONE THAN (Sb) who went to…

TEST 72
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
DRAWN INTO  (Algo) se introduce en (un sitio)

Part 2 (Open cloze)

While the events are STILL clear in my mind  Mientras tuviera las ideas claras en mi mente

I would think of SOMETHING to draw  Pensaria en algo que pintar

Part 3 (Word formation)

OBSERVANT  Observador (Adjetivo), Observer  Observador (Sustantivo)

ADAPTABLE  Flexible

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

FEEL LIKE + verb(-ING)  BE IN THE MOOD FOR + verb(-ING) / TO + verb(infinitive)

TEST 73
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
EVEN RARER  Incluso/aún más raro

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Complete change FROM my usual life  Un cambio total de mi rutinaria vida

"FOR/DURING my holiday I am going to Asia" [one excursion/block of time off work]

People use "ON/DURING my holidays" when talking about something they do/did when they are/were on
holiday. "On my holidays I like to eat the local food"

In my holidays is not correct.

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 74
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

It was THE FIRST TIME WE HAD BEEN TO (somewhere) --> It was OUR FIRST TRIP TO (somewhere)

TEST 75
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
IN REGULAR CONTACT  En continuo contacto

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Get off lightly at Christmas  se libraba de una buena para Navidad

If you refer to the holiday as a whole (AT), conversely, if you refer to a particular day (ON).

WHERE money is involved… Cuando se trata de dinero…

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 76
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

DREADFUL  horrible, terrible

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

LITTLE DID (Sb) KNOW (about STH)  (Sb) HAD NO IDEA (about STH)

TEST 77
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Be SOMEWHERE in the crowd  Estar en algún lugar entre la multitud

POSSIBLE (menor posibilidad que Likely)

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

TEST 78
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze ✓

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

PERFORMANCE  (como rendimiento) es singular, no plural

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

There IS NO REASON TO BE ALARMED <> There WAS NO CAUSE FOR ALARM

TEST 79
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

If ONE is to succeed  Si uno quiere tener éxito

WHOM (va detrás de una preposición) se usa siempre para hablar sobre aquellas personas que reciben o sobre
las que recae una acción, a diferencia de WHO (que normalmente utilizamos para referirnos a personas que
realizan una acción).

Part 3 (Word formation)

Worrying IMPLICATIONS  Consecuencias preocupantes

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

GET OVER <> RECOVER FROM

IT IS HIGHT TIME (sb) + verb (past simple)  Ya es hora de que alguien (haga algo)

There WASN'T MUCH <> There WAS LITTLE (No había mucho que)

I THINK WE SHOULD go home now  IT’S TIME TO go home now

TEST 80
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

This PART of  Esa parte de

From the other END  Desde el otro extremo

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

CUT DOWN ON  CUT BACK ON  REDUCE (the amount or spendings of sth)

IT IS NOT LIKE (Sb) TO BE rude  (Sb) is not USUALLY rude No es propio de (alguien) ser borde

TEST 81
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

It was GOING to be a warm day  Iba a ser un día caluroso.

We'd ALREADY made some friends  Ya habíamos hechos varias amistades.

Part 3 (Word formation)

TASTY  delicioso, sabroso TASTEFUL  de buen gusto

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

CÓMO DECIR CUANTO MÁS EN INGLÉS

https://inglesnaturalmente.com/cuanto-mas-en-ingles/

TEST 82
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

ONE of the revolutionary new designs BEING developed  uno de los nuevos y revolucionarios diseños en
desarrollo
OJO fijarnos que si dudamos entre which y to, y el verbo que le precede hace referencia a un it, he, she pero sin la
-s final, habría que poner TO

Part 3 (Word formation)

COMPOSERS  Compositores

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

STOP + VERB(-ING) or VERB(-INF)

We use the -ing form after stop to indicate that an action or event is no longer continuing:

It’s stopped raining. Let’s go for a walk. (It was raining, but not any more.)

We’ve stopped using plastic bags in supermarkets. We take our own bag with us now when we go shopping.

We use the to-infinitive after stop to indicate that someone stops doing something in order to do something else:

On the way to Edinburgh, we stopped to look at an old castle. (We were travelling, then we stopped our journey in
order to look at the castle.)

We stopped to have something to eat.

TEST 83
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
FROM WHICH  Del / de la cual

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Part 3 (Word formation)

GROWING children  Los niños en edad de crecimiento

A little DIFFERENTLY  De una forma un tanto diferente

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

El patrón ASK + persona + TO + V. Tiene dos usos:

Para pedirle permiso a una persona especifica o para pedirle a otra persona realizar una acción
She asked her manager to join the meeting.
They asked their parents’ permission to go out Friday night.

ASK + persona + FOR + N se usa cuando quieres pedirle a una persona específica que te de un objeto o cosa.

The girl asked her aunt for an slice of pie.

My boss asked me for the reports.
The teacher asked the class for their homework.
I asked the server for Coke not Pepsi.

The person who ENCOURAGED ME THE MOST was (Sb)  The person who GAVE ME THE MOST
ENCOURAGEMENT was (Sb)
I FOUND this film quite DISAPPOINTING  I FELT quite LET DOWN BY this film

TEST 84
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Part 3 (Word formation)
Not SURPRISINGLY  No es de extrañar que, como es lógico

LOAN  LENT (prestó)

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

She was JUST GOING TO have her breakfast  She was JUST ABOUT TO have her breakfast

I DON’T MIND (Sth)  IT MAKES NO DIFFERENCE TO ME (Sth)

IT DOESN’T MATTER what I believe  IT MAKES NO DIFFERENCE what I believe

I’M FED UP WITH his behaviour  I HAVE HAD ENOUGH OF his behaviour

(Sb) is starting to FIND (sth) BORING  (Sb) is beginning to GET FED UP WITH (sth) [Hartarse, aburrirse de algo]

TEST 85
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

AT LAST  Por fin, finalmente, al fin

Part 3 (Word formation)

HOUSEHOLD  Hogar HOUSEHOLDER  Propietario, cabeza de familia

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 86
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

IN MANY CASES  En muchas ocasiones

ON ONE OCCASION  En cierta ocasión

Read the books WHICH the different parts of  Leer los libros DONDE las distintas partes de

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

He WAS BROUGHT UP very TRADITIONALLY  He HAD A VERY TRADITIONAL UPBRINGING

This solution is OUT OF THE QUESTION  Está solución es imposible

I DIDN’T HAVE ENOUGH TIME to visit (some place)  THE TIME I HAD WAS TOO SHORT to visit (some place)

TEST 87
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Tourists join in with the locals WHERE they work together  Los turistas se unen a los lugareños y trabajan juntos

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

GET ON WITH (sb)  BE ON GOOD TERMS WITH (sb)  HAVE A GOOD RELATIONSHIP WITH (sb)

Our boss WOULDN’T LET US GO HOME  Our boss MADE US STAY

TEST 88
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

The entrance to the museum IS FREE today  IT COSTS NOTHING TO GO to the museum today

TEST 89
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation)

Technological DEVELOPMENT  Avances tecnológicos

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

He ASKED THE COST OF it  HOW MUCH DOES it COST?” asked he.  He WANTED TO KNOW HOW MUCH I
PAID FOR (Sth)

(Sb) DOESN’T SEE OR HEAR FROM (Sb else) ANY MORE  (Sb) LOST TOUCH WITH (Sb else)

“ I WON’T ALLOW my son TO stay out past midnight” said (sb)  (Sb) REFUSED TO LET his son stay out past
midnight

TEST 90
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Putting off UNTIL tomorrow what should be done today  Dejar mañana lo que podría ser hecho hoy

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 91
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
Part 2 (Open cloze)
Gives US greater control  Nos da un mayor control

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb) took a taxi SO (Sb) WOULDN’T HAVE TO WALK  (Sb) took a taxi TO AVOID HAVING TO WALK

(Sth) IS USED TO + verb (infinitive) // (Sth) IS USED FOR + noun

TEST 92
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

AT THE TIME  por entonces

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 93
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

THROW OUT (Sth)  GET RID OF (Sth)

TEST 94
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

TEST 95
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

IT WAS UNFAIR THAT THEY LOST the match  THEY DID NOT DESERVE TO LOSE the match
TEST 96
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

His first attempt AT producing  Su primer intento de producir

Responsible FOR  Responsable de

Part 3 (Word formation)

EVOLUTIONARY changes  Cambios evolutivos

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb) HAS NOT HAD ANY SUCCESS AT ALL  (Sb) HAS HAD NO LUCK AT ALL  (Sb) HAS BEEN COMPLETELY
UNSUCCESSFUL

UPSETTING [upset como verbo es tónica en la segunda sílaba, por tanto se duplica consonante]

TEST 97
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb) IS BOUND TO be late  (Sb) WILL CERTAINLY be late

My friend THINKS Rafa Nadal IS WONDERFUL  My friend IS A FAN OF Rafa Nadal.

HOW would you FEEL ABOUT (Sth) ?  Would THE IDEA OF (sth) APPEAL TO you?

TEST 98
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

To BE made captain  En ser nombrado capitán

IF the wind's in the east  Si el viento sopla en el este

Part 3 (Word formation)

DEVELOPMENT projects  Proyectos de urbanización

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

I had always wanted to TRY skiing  I had always wanted to HAVE A GO AT skiing

(Sb) probably SAVED (Sb else)’s LIFE  Without (Sb), (Sb else) WOULD probably HAVE DEAD.

A diver NEEDS TO BE PHYSICALLY FIT  PHYSICAL FITNESS IS IMPORTANT FOR a diver.

(Sb) WAS THE FIRST woman ever TO CLIMB  BEFORE (sb), NO woman HAD ever CLIMBED
TEST 99
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

To GET her business STARTED  para empezar su negocio

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

ENJOY + direct object  ENJOY (oneself) + PREPOSITION + direct object

Cuando quieres decir disfrutar en o disfrutar con en inglés, enjoy pasa a ser un verbo reflexivo y se coloca un
pronombre reflexivo delante de la preposición, por ejemplo:

Mi hija disfrutó en Londres --> My daughter enjoyed herself in London.

Disfrutaron con sus amigos el fin de semana --> They enjoyed themselves with their friends at the weekend.

Janice CAN’T WAIT TO HEAR Tom’s history  Janice IS LOOKING FORWARD TO HEARING Tom’s history

TEST 100
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Stop THEM deteriorating  Impedir que se deterioren

Intend + TO (verb)  Intend + FOR (name)

Be knowledgeable ABOUT (sth)  Ser experto sobre (algo)

Part 3 (Word formation)

The choice of TASTY local delicacies  La elección entre los manjares locales

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

Taj Mahal is SUCH A BIG ATTRACTION FOR tourists  Taj Mahal is SO ATTRACTIVE TO tourists

Barcelona is A REALLY GOOD PLACE TO visit  Barcelona is WELL WORTH Al visit

GREAT  se usa para cosas intangibles (incontables).

LARGE  se usa normalmente para extensiones de espacios en general, NUNCA con cosas incontables

BIG  se usa para el resto de cosas contables, también para decir que algo/alguien es imponente o poderoso. A
diferencia de LARGE es más informal y puede llegar a usarse para cosas incontables.

TEST 101
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

ON THE CONTRARY  Todo lo contrario

You will me be made to feel VERY welcome  Te harán sentir muy a gusto

SO MUCH LARGER than Mucho más grande que

"HEAD TO" connotes that you're confident that you'll actually arrive. A college student might say, "Classes are
over, let's head to the bar." "HEAD FOR" connotes that you're going in that direction, but you might get waylaid or
you're unsure of the route.

ON the coast  NO AT the coast

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

LOTS OF PEOPLE  A LOT OF PEOPLE

TEST 102
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

What DO YOU ADVISE ME to do  What SHOULD I DO?

TEST 103
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

DENY + verb (-ING)

TEST 104
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Much TOO fast  demasiado rápido

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sth) IS READY + TO (Do something else, infinitive verb)

(Sth) IS THE BEST WAY TO TREAT (Sth else)  THE TREATMENT WHICH WORKS BEST IS (Sth else)

CUT OUT  suprimir, reducir (comida por ejemplo) // CUT OFF  aislar o dejar a alguien de lado, cortar, rebanar

TEST 105
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze) ✓

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

IT WASN’T NECESSARY WE DID (sth)  WE NEEDN’T HAVE DONE (sth)

(SB) realises that IT WAS WRONG TO BE so rude to (sb else)  (SB) realises that (HE/SHE) SHOULD NOT HAVE
BEEN so rude to (sb else)

STILL We don’t use still before the first auxiliary or modal verb in an affirmative clause

MUST STILL BE NO must be still

NEITHER (Sb) OR (Sb else) IS FOUND OF (sth)  NEITHER (Sb) NOR (Sb else) ARE FOUND OF (sth)

TEST 106
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

El pronombre posesivo de un organismo o consejo es ITS no THEIR
Required BY tennis  Requerido por el tenis

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(SB) DISAPPROVES OF US BEING TOGETHER  (SB) DOESN’T APPROVE OF ME BEING WITH YOU

HAVE AN ARGUMENT ABOUT (Sth)  FALL OUT BECAUSE OF (Sth)

TEST 107
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Led to a popular misconception  Dio lugar a una idea errónea muy popular

MAKE a discovery

But SO FAR  Pero hasta la fecha

DEPOSITE ON (Earth, moon…)

Part 3 (Word formation)

CAMPING (no campament)

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 108
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

ACCUSED OF  CHARGED WITH

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

IT’S POSSIBLE THAT (sth will happen) SOON  THERE MAY SOON BE (sth happen) [Puede que pronto]

TEST 109
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Get THROUGH quite a lot of the stuff  Pasar por un montón de cosas

At ANY one time  en algún momento dado, en todo momento

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

Scientists ARE OPING TO SOLVE the problem  Scientists HOPE TO FIND A SOLUTION FOR the problem
TEST 110
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Daydreaming ABOUT  Soñando con

Is much IN demand  Tiene mucha demanda

I just go ahead AND do it  Tan solo sigo adelante y lo hago

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb) DOESN’T WANT TO HARRY INTO BECOMING a doctor  (Sb) IS NO IN HURRY TO BECOME a doctor

Avionics EMPLOY HUNDREDS OF PEOPLE ALL OVER THE WORLD  Avionoics HAVE HUNDREDS OF EMPLOYEES
IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES

TEST 111
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

The great MAJORITY of  Para la gran mayoría de

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(Sb) SAVED (Sb else)  (Sb) CAME TO (Sb else)’ RESCUE

TEST 112
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

WHATEVER  Lo que sea (cualquier cosa) // WHICHEVER  Sea lo que sea, cualquiera

PUT FORWARD THE IDEA  Plantear la idea

Part 3 (Word formation)

TASTELESS  soso, insípido

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

WHEN DID he phone you?  HOW LONG IS IT SINCE he phoned you?

TEST 113
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

GET SOME SLEEP  Dormir un poco GET ANY SLEEP  Dormir algo

Questions OF faith and belief  Los interrogantes de la creencia y la fé

WHILE vs. WHEN

1. To emphasize (focus) that an action was in progress at a specific time, use while + a progressive
tense ( = While I was eating, ...)
2. Otherwise, use when + a simple tense. (= When I ate, ...)
[3.] Verbs with while have a duration. The period of the verb cannot be too long or we lose focus. (= While I
was a child = When I was a child)
[4.] Progressive tenses use action verbs, so use while with an action verb (While I was dancing) and not a
state verb (While I was hungry)

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 114
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Part 3 (Word formation)

CRITICISM [suele ser uncountable salvo que delante tengamos few, several que haga que sea contable y por
tanto plural]

EVERYDAY life  vida cotidiana

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

HAVING NEVER SEEN HIM  Sin haberle visto nunca

TEST 115
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

They are now OFTEN used as a source of news themselves  Ahora se utilizan a menudo como fuente de noticias

Part 3 (Word formation)

Most IMPORTANTLY of all  Lo más importante de todo

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

We TOOK MORE luggage THAN WE NEEDED  We SHOULDN'T HAVE TAKEN SO MUCH luggage.

TEST 116
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

BECAME part of the European way of life  Se convirtió en parte del estilo de vida europeo

Part 3 (Word formation)

INABILITY  Incapadidad
Part 4 (Key word transformations)
NOT ONLY + (DO/BE) + Sustantive  NOT ONLY WAS the food excellent…

Only after a lot of HARD WORK DID PETE pass the exam  Sólo después de mucho trabajo, Pete aprobó el
examen

TEST 117
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

(Sth) indicates that the COULD not have been used as (sth else), SO their purpose…

Part 3 (Word formation)

Street ENTERTAINERS Artistas callejeros

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

Cuando no sabemos el género de alguien en singular, podemos usar como pronombre

posesivo THEIR

Could you GIVE ME YOUR OPINION (about sth)  Could you TELL ME WHAT YOU KNOW (about sth)

TEST 118
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Most jeans are still blue, AS they were in the beginning  La mayoría de los jeans siguen siendo azules, como lo
eran al principio

As HAVE  así como

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

(SB) REFUSED TO SAY ANYTHING ABOUT (sth)  (SB) WOULD MAKE NO COMMENT ON (sth)

TEST 119
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Playing host to SOME of the most famous stage productions  Acogiendo a algunas de las más famosas
producciones escénicas

No matter WHAT your tastes are  Sin importar cuales sean tus gustos

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

She WOULDN'T MISS her plane  No se PERDIERA su avión
[No se pone didn't porque sino quedaría como "No se perdía su avión"

MORE REGULARLY  ON A MORE REGULAR BASIS

TEST 120
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

Perhaps they ONCE contained water  Tal vez alguna vez contuvieron agua.

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations) ✓

TEST 121
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

Part 2 (Open cloze)

SO MUCH SO THAT  Hasta el punto de que

Be grown ON Se cultiva en

It totals AN incredible one hundred million tons  Suma la increíble cifra de 100 millones de toneladas

The crop is grown on smaller privately owned farms FOR local populations to enjoy 

El cultivo se realiza en pequeñas granjas de propiedad privada para que la población local se beneficie

Part 3 (Word formation) ✓

Part 4 (Key word transformations)

APPROVED OF  Aprobar, ver bien (una actitud o acción)

DO YOU MIND IF I +verb (infinitive)  WOULD YOU MIND + {verb (-ING) / IF I + verb(past simple) } IS IT
ALL RIGHT IF I …?

TEST 122
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

TEST 123
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

EXTRA KEY WORD TRANSFORMATIONS:

It WASN’T Marck that you met in the shop  It COULD NOT HAVE BEEN Mark that you met in the shop

He NEVER FAILS TO GREET ME when he sees me He ALWAYS SAYS HELLO when he sees me

Bus service BECOMES MORE inefficient every year  Bus service IS GETTING MORE AND MORE inefficient

THE GAME IS ON TV live tonight  They ARE BROADCASTING THE GAME live tonight

SINCE  FROM THE MOMENT

What DID SHE HAVE ON at the party?  What WAS SHE WEARING at the party?
We have never met ANYONE AS FAMOUS AS HE IS  He IS THE MOST FAMOUS PERSON we have ever met.

I CANNOT TYPE VERY WELL  I AM NOT GOOD AT TYPING

I THINK I MIGHT MAKE mistakes  I AM AFRAID OF MAKING mistakes

I HATE IT WHEN I’M ILL  I CANNOT STAND BEING ILL

TAKE ADVANTAGE OF  MAKE THE MOST OF

I hadn’t seen my sister FOR ABOUT A YEAR  About A YEAR HAD GONE BY before I saw my sister again

The house was not VERY ATTRACTIVE IN APPEARANCE  The house was not MUCH LOOK AT

I don’t earn ANYTHING LIKE THE AMOUNT I did before  I earn NOWHERE NEAR AS MUCH AS I did before

HOLD UP  TO DELAY

TAKE (something) BACK  To return (sth) you have bought to a shop

GIVE (something) BACK  To return (sth) to the person who gave it to you

DEMAND TO + verb (infinitive)  INSIST ON + verb (-ING)  DETERMINATED TO + verb (infinitive)

(Sb) IS NOT STRONG ENOUGH  (Sb) HAS NOT ENOUGH STRENGTH

I graduated from college A YEAR AGO TODAY  I graduated from college THIS TIME LAST YEAR

CAN I (DO Sth) …?  IS IT POSSIBLE TO (DO Sth) ..?  IS + verb(-ING) ALLOWED…?

It was A MISTAKE OF YOU TO LOSE your passport  you SHOULD NOT HAVE LOST your passport

IMAGINE your father RETURNING home now  JUST SUPPOSING your father RETURNED home

ALL OF THE PEOPLE  EVERYONE // SOME OF THE PEOPLE  NOT EVERYONE

HAVE A CONVICTION FOR (sth)  BE CONVICTED OF (sth)

COMPLETE a form  FILL IN a form

Don’t SAY YOU ARE ill  Don’t PRETEND TO BE ill

IT WASN’T ME WHO TOOK the book  I DENIED HAVING TAKEN the book

I CAN TAKE YOU to the airport  I OFFERED TO TAKE [him/her] to the airport I CAN GIVE you A LIFT

"WELL DONE! YOU GOT THE JOB," her mother said  Her mother CONGRATULATED her ON GETTING THE JOB

ADMITTED + verb (-ING)  Carol ADMITTED SPEAKING to him on the phone

RECOMMEND + [THAT + clause/verb (-ING)]  My brother RECOMMENDED VISITING his doctor

IT ISN’T IMPOSSIBLE THAT (Sb) WAS ABSENT FROM work today  (Sb) MUST HAVE BEEN AT work today

There is no HOPE OF WINNING (verb (-ING)) [No hay esperanza de que] // ¡OJO! I HOPE + TO + verb (infinitive)
[Espero que…]

(Sth) is VERY IMPORTANT  (Sth) is OF GREAT IMPORTANCE

Is your house BIG ENOUGH to take us?  Is THERE ENOUGH ROOM in your house?

Could you TRY A LITTLE HARDER to listen to me ?  Can you MAKE AN EFFORT to listen to me?

(Sb) played games ALL EVENING  (Sb) played FOR THE WHOLE EVENING games

I couldn’t remember THE NAME OF MY HOTEL  I couldn’t remember WHAT MY HOTEL WAS CALLED

I haven’t HAD TIME TO FINISH my homework  I haven’t GOT ROUND TO DOING my homework

TO THE HOSPITAL ¡OJO que no se pone THE al lado de HOSPITAL!