KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF ADULT FEMALE
TOWARDS CERVICAL CANCER IN UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN
TEACHING HOSPITAL, ILORIN, KWARA STATE.
BY
BADMUS MISTURA MORENIKEJI
BCHT/CH/22/ND/FT/1694
A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY
HEALTH, BARTHOLOMEW COLLEGE OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY,
SHAO, MORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KWARA STATE.
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE
AWARD OF NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN COMMUNITY HEALTH.
MARCH, 2024.
i
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that this research project tilted “Knonwledge, Attitude and
perception of Adult Female towards Cervical Cancer in Shao, Moro Local
Government Area, Kwara State” which was carried out by BADMUS
MISTURA MORENIKEJI with matric number BCHT/CH/22/ND/FT/1694
under the supervision of Miss. Hellen O. of the department of Community
health Bartholomew college of health Shao, Moro Local Government Area,
Kwara State. In partial fulfillment for the award of National Diploma in
Community Health.
MISS. HELLEN O.
PROJECT SUPERVISOR SIGN/DATE
MRS. R. A. AMEEN
HEAD OF DEPARTMENT SIGN/DATE
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DEDICATION
This research work is dedicated to Almighty Allah for his protection and
guidance throughout my course of study in Bartholomew College of Health
Technology.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I want to give thanks to Almighty Allah whose grace has brought me
this far. And also my appreciation goes to my parents, Mr. and Mrs. Badmus,
thanks for everything you have done in my life may you reap the fruit of your
labour inshallah (Amin).
I therefore acknowledge with profound gratitude my project supervisor Miss.
Hellen O. and HOD Mrs. R. A. Ameen for their guidance, criticism and
suggestion.
Lastly, my sincere gratitude goes to the rector; Dr. Bartholomew Owoicho and
all the lecture in the department of community, Bartholomew college of health
technology, shao, May Almighty Allah continue to crown all your efforts with
resounding success (Amin)
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of content v
Abstract ix
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to the study 1
1.2 Statement of the problem 3
1.3 Aim of the study 4
1.4 Significance of the study 4
1.5 Research Question 4
1.6 Scope of the study 5
1.7 Definition of terms 5
1.8 Justification 5
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Chapter Two:
2.0 Literature Review 7
2.1 Causes of cervical cancer 12
2.1.1 Biological determinants 12
2.1.2 Lifestyle determinants 15
2.2.3 Environmental determinants 19
2.1.4 Socio-economic determinants 22
2.1.5 Health system determinants 24
2.2 Management and prevention of cervical cancer 26
2.2.1 Primary prevention 27
2.2.2 Secondary prevention of cervical cancer 30
2.2.3 Tertiary management 35
2.3 Trends of cervical cancer in Nigeria 36
Chapter Three: Research Methodology
3.1 Research design 38
3.2 Study population 38
3.3 Sample and sampling technique 38
3.4 Instrumentation 38
3.5 Method of data collection 39
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3.6 Ethical consideration 39
Chapter Four: Data Presentation and Analysis
4.1 Data presentation 40
4.2 Discussion 52
Chapter Five: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Summary 55
5.2 Conclusion 55
5.3 Recommendation 56
References 58
Appendix 62
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ABSTRACT
Cervical cancer is a growth of cells that starts in the cervix. The cervix is the
lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina.
Various strains of the human papillomavirus, also called HPV, play a role in
causing most cervical cancers. HPV is a common infection that's passed through
sexual contact. When exposed to HPV, the body's immune system typically
prevents the virus from doing harm. In a small percentage of people, however,
the virus survives for years. This contributes to the process that causes some
cervical cells to become cancer cells.
You can reduce your risk of developing cervical cancer by having screening
tests and receiving a vaccine that protects against HPV infection.
When cervical cancer happens, it's often first treated with surgery to remove the
cancer. Other treatments may include medicines to kill the cancer cells. Options
might include chemotherapy and targeted therapy medicines. Radiation therapy
with powerful energy beams also may be used. Sometimes treatment combines
radiation with low-dose chemotherapy.
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