RESOURCE

LEVELING IN
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
DELIVERED BY:
ENGR. HADJI PEEJAY U. ARANDA
CE/MP/EnP
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
●
CIVIL ENGINEER
– DLSU-MANILA (2002)
– CE LICENSURE EXAM (MAY 2003)
●
MASTER PLUMBER
– MP LICENSURE EXAM (FEB 2012)
●
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNER
– EnP LICENSURE EXAM (JUN 2018)

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
●
GRADUATE STUDIES
– DLSU-MANILA – MSCE (2005-2005)
(ACADEMICS ONLY)
– UE-MANILA – MSES (2018-PRESENT)
●
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
– ACADEME – UE CALOOCAN (2013-PRESENT)
– PROFESSIONAL – DESIGNER (2003-PRESENT)
– PROFESSIONAL – PROJECT MGT (2003-PRESENT

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INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS RESOURCE
LEVELING
●
Resource leveling, also known as resource allocation,
is the process of distributing resources evenly across
a project timeline to avoid resource conflicts and
optimize project efficiency.
●
It involves adjusting the start and end dates of
activities, redistributing resources, and resolving
resource overloads or bottlenecks.

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OBJECTIVES OF RESOURCE
LEVELING
●
Optimize resource utilization by avoiding
overutilization or underutilization.
●
Minimize as much as possible the project duration by
efficiently allocating resources.
●
Identify and resolve resource conflicts to maintain a
smooth workflow.
●
Enhance project flexibility by considering resource
availability and constraints.

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BENEFITS OF RESOURCE
LEVELING
●
Efficient Resource Utilization:
– Resource leveling ensures that resources are
allocated optimally, avoiding overloading or
underutilization.
– It helps prevent burnout and fatigue among workers
and equipment.
– Efficient resource utilization leads to cost savings
and improved project productivity.

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BENEFITS OF RESOURCE
LEVELING
●
Improved Project Scheduling:
– By leveling resources, project schedules become
more realistic and achievable.
– It helps identify critical activities and potential
delays, enabling better project planning and control.
– Resource leveling reduces the risk of project delays
due to resource constraints.

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BENEFITS OF RESOURCE
LEVELING
●
Enhanced Collaboration:
– Resource leveling encourages collaboration among
project stakeholders, such as contractors,
subcontractors, and suppliers.
– It facilitates better communication and coordination,
leading to a more cohesive project team.
– Collaboration improves the overall project outcome
and minimizes conflicts.

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 METHODS AND
STRATEGIES FOR
RESOURCE LEVELING
CRITICAL PATH METHOD
(CPM)
●
CPM is a widely used project management technique
that helps identify the critical path and determine
resource constraints.
●
By analyzing the critical path, project managers can
prioritize activities and allocate resources accordingly.

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RESOURCE LEVELING WITH
TOTAL FLOAT
●
Total float refers to the maximum allowable delay for
non-critical activities without affecting the project
duration.
●
Resource leveling with total float involves redistributing
resources among non-critical activities to balance
resource utilization.
●
This strategy helps optimize resource allocation and
minimize resource conflicts.

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OUTSOURCING AND
RESOURCE SUBSTITUTION
●
Outsourcing involves hiring external resources to
alleviate resource constraints.
●
Resource substitution refers to replacing one resource
with another to balance the workload.
●
Both strategies can be employed to overcome
resource limitations and maintain project efficiency.

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RESOURCE SMOOTHING
●
Resource smoothing involves adjusting the resource
allocation within the available float or slack time.
●
It aims to minimize resource fluctuations while keeping
the project duration constant.
●
Resource smoothing is useful when project deadlines
are fixed, and resource availability is limited.

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RESOURCE SMOOTHING

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CHALLENGES AND
CONSIDERATIONS
RESOURCE AVAILABILITY
●
Limited availability of skilled labor, equipment, or
materials can pose challenges in resource leveling.
●
It is crucial to consider resource availability and plan
accordingly to avoid delays or bottlenecks.

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COST IMPLICATIONS
●
Resource leveling may involve additional costs, such
as hiring external resources or subcontracting.
●
Project managers must consider the financial
implications and weigh them against the benefits of
resource leveling.

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PROJECT COMPLEXITY
●
Complex projects with multiple dependencies and
constraints require careful analysis in order to reduce
any possible mistakes.
●
Project managers should analyze the project structure
and identify critical activities to ensure effective
resource allocation.

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SOFTWARE TOOLS
●
Various project management software tools, such as
Microsoft Project, Primavera P6, or ProjectLibre, can
assist in resource leveling.
●
These tools provide visual representations, resource
allocation charts, and automation capabilities to
streamline the process.
●
The users must be careful with respect to the input to
the software because erroneous input results to
erroneous output.

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EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE 1:
A subcontractor is selected for tiling services. The
scope of the work are as follows:
– Replace the worn tiles in the office space area and
replace them with vinyl tiles.
– Install new tiles in the lobby and hallway areas with
ceramic tiles on plain concrete slab
Find ways to optimize labor resource utilization while
the number of workers will be limited to six at most

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EXAMPLE 1:
LABOR
ACTIVITY IPA DURATION
USED
PURCHASE AND
DELIVERY OF 5 2
MATERIALS
REMOVE OLD TILES 7 4

INSTALL NEW TILES A 3 3

The critical activities will then be as follows:

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EXAMPLE 1:
The manpower utilization table will be given as follows:

From the manpower utilization table, it can be seen that there are
two days that requires 7 persons.

This can be problematic since the max number of personnel is only

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EXAMPLE 1:
Try moving Activity C from day 6 to day 8

This will make Activity C a critical activity that cannot be delayed

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EXAMPLE 1:
Move Activity A from day 1 to 3 and Activity C from day
6 to day 8

All activities are now considered to be critical and likewise the

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