Notre Dame of Masiag, Inc.

Masiag, Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat

Government Recognition (R-XII) No. SK 405761-040, s. 2021
DepEd ID: 405761 ESC ID: 1201693
TIN: 000-578-187 (Non VAT)

LEARNING PLAN
S. Y. 2023-2024
SUBJECT: Understanding Culture Society and Politics QUARTER: FIRST
GRADE LEVEL: 11 HUMSS /ABM/TVL WEEK 2

TOPIC:
the concepts, aspects and changes in/of culture and society
CONTENT STANDARDS:
Human cultural variation, social differences, social change, and political identities
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS:
The learner is able to …
Acknowledge human cultural variation, social differences, social change, and political identities

LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
The students will be able to:
Explain the concept of society and culture in anthropological and sociological perspective;
Describe some major characteristics of society and culture;
Differentiate between the various meanings of culture within society; and
Appreciate the significance of culture in the society
INTRODUCTION
This lesson is introduces to you have learned about the nature, goals and perspectives in/of anthropology, sociology
and political science. Anthropology deals with the study of human culture particularly the components, characteristics,
functions, modes, and adaptation of culture, as well as culture values and practices (Ariola, 2012). Sociology deals with
the study of society and social interactions taking place therein (Arcinas, 2016). Political is a study and research about
human activity that deals, to a certain extent, with power, conflict, and decision making (Francisco and Francisco, 2015). In
short, it deals with study of the state, its institutions, its laws and process
MOTIVATION
Picture Analysis
Directions: Write your impression/s about the pictures/images below. Use separate sheet for your answer
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INSTRUCTION/DELIVERY
The teacher will discuss the following:
The Concept of Society
Characteristics of Society
Major Functions of Society
Types of Societies
The Concept of Culture
Importance/Functions of Culture
Elements of Culture
Ethnocentrism, Xenocentrism and Cultural Relativism as Orientations in Viewing Other Cultures

ENRICHMENT
PROCEDURE
Directions: Complete the graphic organizers below by providing what is asked in each item. Write your answer in a separate
sheet of paper.
A. Your own definition of society

Directions: List down characteristics of society and culture. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

B. ANALYSIS
Directions: Answer the following questions briefly but substantially. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
Your answers will be scored based on the rubrics below
Questions:
1. How are society and culture interlinked with one another?
2. 2. Why is culture important in our society?
3. How does our culture play a role in our functions in the society?

C. ABSTRACTION
Meaning and Nature of Society According to sociologist, a society is a group of people with common territory,
interaction, and culture. Arcinas (2016) in his book, Undertanding Culture, Society, and Politics, defined society as
group of people who share a common territory snd culture. It is a group of people living together in a definite
territory, having a sense of belongingness, mutually interdependent of each other, and follow a certain way of life.
Society is deerived from the Latin term “societas”, from socius, which means companion or associate. Thus, it
refers to all people, collectively regarded as constituting a community of related, interdependent individuals living in
a definite place, following a certain mode of life (Ariola, 2012).
Definition of society has two types - the functional definition and the structural definition. From the functional point of
view, society is defined as a complex of groups in reciprocal relationships, interacting upon one another, enabling
human organisms to carry on their life-activities and helping each person to fulfill his wishes and accomplish his
interests in association with his fellows. From the structural point of view, society is the total social heritage of
folkways, mores and institutions; of habits, sentiments and ideals. The important aspect of society is the system of
relationships, the pattern of the norms of interaction by which the members of the society maintain themselves. The
following are reasons people live together as a society (Ariola, 2012): a. For survival – No man is an island. No man
can live alone. From birth to death, man always dependsn upon his parents and from others. The care, support, and
protection given by them are importnt factors for survival. b. Feeling of gregariousness –
This is the desire of people to be with other people, esecially of their own culture. People flock together for
emotional warmth and belongingness. the need for approval, sympathy and understanding to which the individual
belongs is a psychosocial need. Among Filipinos, the feeling of gregariousness is found in all levels of society,
especially among the lower socio- econmic classess. The more the person is needy, the more he craves sympathy
and understanding from someone else. c. Specialization – Teachers, businessmen, students, physicians, nurses,
lawyers, pharmacists, and other professionals organize themselves into societies or associations to promote and
protect their own professions. Characteristics of Society Society comprises of a group of people who share a
common culture, live in a particular area and feel themselves to constitute a unified and distinct entity. Society or
human society is a group of people related to each other through persistent relations such as kinship, marriage,
social status, roles and social networks. By extension, society denotes the people of a region or country, sometimes
even the world, taken as a whole.
Society has the following characteristics:
1. It is a social system. A social system consists of individuals interacting with rach other. A system consists of sub-
parts whereby a change in one part affects the other parts. Thus, a change in one group of individuals will affect the
stability of the other parts of the system.
2. It is relatively large. The people must be socialy integrated to be considered relatively large than if the people are
individually scattered. Thus, the people in a family, clan, tribe, neighborhood, community are socially integrated to
be relatively large in scope.
3. It socializes its members and from those from without. Since most of society’s members are born to it, they are
taught the basic norms and expectations. Those who come from other societies, before being accepted as
functioning members, are socialized and taught the basic norms and expectations of the society.
4. It endures, produces and sustains its members for generations. For society to survive, it must have the ability to
produce, endure and sustain its new members for at least several generations. For instance, if a society cannot
assist its members during their extreme conditions of hunger and poverty, that society will not survive long.
5. It holds its members through a common culture. The individuals in a society are held together because that
society has symbols, norms, values, patterns of interaction, vision and mission that are commonly shared by the
members of such society. 6. It has clearly-defined geographical territory.
The members in a society must live in a certain specific habitat or place and have a common belongingness and
sense of purpose.

Major Functions of Society

A society is important because they have the following functions:
1. It provides a system of socialization. Knowledge and skills, dominant patterns of behavior, moral and social
values, and aspects of personality are transmitted to each members, especially to the young. the family, the peer
group, the school, the church and other government and non- government organizations play a role in the
individual’s development.
2. It provides the basic needs of its members. Food, clothing, shelter, medicine, education, transportations and
communication facilities, among others must be provided by society to satisfy the basic needds of its members. 3. It
regulates and controls people’s behavior. Conformity to the prevailing norms of conduct ensures social control. The
police, armed forces, law enforcement agencies and even the church and other government and non-government
organizations exist as means of social control. Peace and order are created through a system of norms and formal
organizations.
4. It provides the means of social participation. Through social participation, the individuals in a society learn to
interact with each other, present and discuss their concerns and solve their own problems or renew their
commitment and values. the people are give the opportunities to contribute to their knowledge and skills for the
betterment of their family, neighborhood and community. religious organizations, civic organizations, people’s
organizations (PO) and non-government organizations (NGOs) do their part in community developement.
5. It provides mutual support to the members. Mutual support is provided to the members of society in the form of
relief in any form and solution to problems met by them. This form of assistance may come from the family,
neighbors, clans, government and non-government agencies, civic and religious organize Types of Societies
Societies exist in particular places and times, and they change over time. Societies are organized in particular
patterns, patterns that are shaped by a range of factors, including the way people procure food, the availability of
resources, contact with other societies, and cultural beliefs. For example, people can change from herding to
farming only if they have the knowledge, skills, and desire to do so and only in environments that will support
agriculture. As societies develop, changes take place in the social structures and relationships between people that
characterize each type of society.

For example, in industrialized societies, relationships between people typically must become more formal because
people must interact with strangers and not just relatives. It is important to note that not all societies go through all
stages. Some are jolted into the future by political events or changes in the global system, and some resist
pressures to become modernized and continue to live in simpler social systems. Sociologists and anthropologists
(experts who study early and tribal cultures) identified different types and classification of societies. Below are the
different types of societies as mentioned by Ariola (2012) in his book Sociology and Anthropology with Family
Planning:
Dissolution of a Society
There are several ways by which a society is dissolved:
(1) when the people kill each other through civil revolution;
(2) when an outside force exterminates the members of the society;
(3) when the members become apathetic among themselves or have no more sense of belongingness;
(4) when a small society is absorbed by a stronger and larger society by means of conquest or territorial
absorption;
(5) when an existing society is submerged in water killing all the people and other living things in it; or (60 when the
people living in such a society voluntarily attach themselves to another existing society
The Concept of Culture
Meaning and Nature of Culture It was E.B. Taylor who conceptualized the definition of culture in 1860s. According
to him, culture is a complex whole which consist of knowledge, beliefs, ideas, habits, attitudes, skills, abilities,
values, norms, art, law, morals, customs, traditions, feelings and other capabilities of man which are acquired,
learned and socially transmitted by man from one generation to another through language and living together as
members of the society (Arcinas, 2016).

Below are other definitions of culture as mentioned in the book of David and Macaraeg (2010) entitled“ Socioloy:
Exploring Society and Culture”:
 Culture is a historically transmitted pattern of meanings embodied in symbols, a system of inherited conceptions
expressed in symbolic form by means of which men communicate, perpetuate, and develop their knowledge about
and attitudes towards life. – Clifford Geertz
 Culture consists of learned systems of meaning, communicated by means of natural language and other symbol
systems, having representational, directive, and affective functions, and capable of creating cultural entities and
particular senses of reality. – Roy D’Andrade
 Culture is an extrasomatic (nongenetic,nonbodily), temporal continuum of things and events dependent upon
symbols. Culture consists of tools, implements, utensils, clothing, ornaments, customs, institutions, beliefs, rituals,
games, works of art, language, etc. – Leslie White  Culture consists in the shared patterns of behavior and
associated meanings that people learn and participate in within the groups to which they belong. – Whitten and
Hunter
 A society’s culture consists of whatever it is one has to know or believe in order to operate in a manner
acceptable to its members. – Ward Goodenough
 Culture is an instrumental reality, and apparatus for the satisfaction of the biological and derived need”. It is the
integral whole consisting of implements in consumers’ goods, of constitutional characters for the various social
groupings, of human ideas and crafts, beliefs and custom. – Malinowski
 Culture in general as a descriptive concept means the accumulated treasury of human creation: books, paintings,
buildings, and the like; the knowledge of ways of adjusting to our surroundings, both human and physical; language,
customs, and systems of etiquette, ethics, religion and morals that have been built up through the ages. –
Kluckhohn and Kelly
 Culture refers to that part of the total setting [of human existence] which includes the material objects of human
manufacture, techniques, social orientations, points of view, and sanctioned ends that are the immediate
conditioning factors underlying behavior or in simple terms it is the “man made part of the environmen. – Herskovits
 A culture is the total socially acquired life-way or life-style of a group of people. It consists of the patterned,
repetitive ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that are characteristic of the members of a particular society or
segment of a society. – Harris
 The concept of culture as everything that people have, thinks, and does as members of a society. This definition
can be instructive because the three verbs correspond to the three major components of culture. That is, everything
that people have refers to material possessions; everything that people think refers to those things they carry
around in their heads, such as ideas, values, and attitudes; and everything that people do refers to behavior
patterns. Thus all cultures comprise (a) material objects, (b) ideas, values, and attitudes, and (c) patterned ways of
behaving. – Gary Ferraro In general, culture is a term used by social scientists, like anthropologists and
sociologists, to encompass all the facets of human experience that extend beyond our physical fact. It simply refers
to the way we understand ourselves both as individuals and as members of society, and includes stories, religion,
media, rituals, and even language itself. Irrespective of the various definitions, conceptions and approaches to the
understanding of the concept of culture, it is however agreed that culture is a way of life and morality is a part of
culture. Practically all modern definitions

Importance/Functions of Culture
Sociologists recognize and regard culture as one of the most important concepts within sociology because it plays a
vital role in our social lives. It is essential for shaping social relationships, maintaining and challenging social order,
determining how we make sense of the world and our place in it, and in shaping our everyday actions and
experiences in society. Moreover, culture is important to sociologists because it plays a significant and important
role in the production of social order.

The social order refers to the stability of society based on the collective agreement to rules and norms that allow us
to cooperate, function as a society, and live together (ideally) in peace and harmony (Cole, 2019). In the book of
(David and Macaraeg, 2010),
the following functions of culture were given emphasis:
(1) it serves as the “trademark” of the people in the society;
(2) it gives meaning and direction to one’s existence;
(3) it promotes meaning to individual’s existence;
 (4) it predicts social behavior;
(5) it unifies diverse behavior;
(6) it provides social solidarity;
(7) it establishes social personality;
(8) it provides systematic behavioral pattern;
(9) it provides social structure category;
(10) it maintains the biologic functioning of the group;
(11) it offers ready-made solutions to man’s material and immaterial problems; and
(12) it develops man’s attitude and values

Elements of Culture
1. Symbols refers to anything that is used to stand for something else. It is anything that gives meaning to the culture.
People who share a culture often attach a specific meaning to an object, gesture, sound, or image. An example of
which are the feasts we are celebrating. Those particular events give a representation of a particular culture. Even
the meanings we provide to things such as colors and graphic symbols provide understanding which is common to
a certain group of people (David and Macaraeg, 2010). For instance, a cross is a significant symbol to Christians. It
is not simply two pieces of wood attached to each other, nor is it just an old object of torture and execution. To
Christians, it represents the basis of their entire religion.
2. Language is known as the storehouse of culture ( Arcinas, 2016). It system of words and symbols used to
communicate with other people. We have a lot of dialects in the Phillipines that provide a means of understanding.
Through these, culture is hereby transmitted to future generation through learning (David and Macaraeg, 2010).
3. Technology refers to the application of knowledge and equipment to ease the task of living and maintaining the
environment; it includes artifacts, methods and devices created and used by people (Arcinas, 2016).
4. Values are culturally defined standards for what is good or desirable. Values determine how individuals will
probably respond in any given circumstances. Members of the culture use the shared system of values to decide
what is good and what is bad. This also refers to the abstract concept of what is important and worthwhile
(Davidand Macaraeg, 2010). What is considered as good, proper and desirable, or bad, improper or undesirable, in
a culture can be called as values (Arcinas, 2016). It influence people’s behavior and serve as a benchmark for
evaluating the actions of others. Majority of Philippine population is bonded together by common values and traits
that are first taught at home and being applied in our day to day lives. Filipinos are known for the following values:
(a) compassionate; (b) spirit of kinship and camaraderie; (c) hardwork and industry; (d) ability to survive; (e) faith
and religiosity; (f) flexibility, adaptability and creativity; (g) joy and humor; (h) family orientation; (i) hospitality; and (j)
pakikipagkapwa-tao.
5. Beliefs refers to the faith of an individual ( David and Macaraeg, 2010). They are conceptions or ideas of people
have about what is true in the environment around them like what is life, how to value it and how one’s belied on the
value of life relate with his or her interaction with others and the world. These maybe based on common sense, folk
wisdom, religion, science or a combination of all of these (Arcinas, 2016).
6. Norms are specific rules/standards to guide for appropriate behavior (Arcinas, 2016). These are societal
expectations that mandate specific behaviors in specific situations (David and Macaraeg, 2010). Like in school, we
are expected to behave in a particular way. If violate norms, we look different. Thus, we can be called as social
deviants. For example, Filipino males are expected to wear pants, not skirts and females are expected to have a
long hair not a short one like that of males. Social norms are indeed very essential in understanding the nature of
man’s social relationship. They are of different types and forms According to Palispis (2007), as mention by Baleña
(2016), in the social interaction process, each member possesses certain expectations about the responses of
another member. Therefore, it is very important to determine the different forms of societal norm
Types: a. Proscriptive norm defines and tells us things not to do b. Prescriptive norm defines and tells us things to do

Forms: a. Folkways are also known as customs (customary/repetitive ways of doing things);
they are forms of norms for everyday behavior that people follow for the sake of tradition or convenience. Breaking them
does not usually have serious.consequences. We have certain customs that were passed on by our forebears that
make up a large part of our day to day existence and we do not question their practicality. Since they are being
practiced, it is expected that we do them also. For example, we Filipinos eat with our bear hands. b. Mores are strict
norms that control moral and ethical behavior; they are based on definitions of right and wrong (Arcinas, 2016). They
are norms also but with moral understones (David and Macaraeg, 2010). For example, since our country Philippines is
a Christian nation, we are expected to practice monogamous marriage. So if a person who has two or more partners is
looked upon as immoral. Polygamy is considered taboo in Philippine society. c. Laws are controlled ethics and they are
morally agreed, written down and enforced by an official law enforcement agency (Arcinas, 2016). They are
institutionalized norms and mores that were enacted by the state to ensure stricter punishment in order for the people to
adhere to the standards set by society (David and Macaraeg, 2010). Two Components of Culture Sociologists describe
two interrelated aspects of human culture: the physical objects of the culture (material culture) and the ideas associated
with these objects (non-material culture).
1. Material culture consists of tangible things (Banaag, 2012). It refers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces
 that people use to define their culture. These include homes, neighborhoods, cities, schools, churches,
synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and plants, tools, means of production, goods and products,
stores, and so forth. All of these physical aspects of a culture help to define its members' behaviors and
perceptions. Everything that is created, produced, changed and utilized by men is included in the material culture
(Arcinas, 2016).
2. Non-material culture consists of intangible things (Banaag, 2012). Non‐material culture refers to the nonphysical
ideas that people have about their culture, including beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations,
and institutions. For instance, the non‐material cultural concept of religion consists of a set of ideas and beliefs
about God, worship, morals, and ethics. These beliefs, then, determine how the culture responds to its religious
topics, issues, and events. When considering non‐material culture, sociologists refer to several processes that a
culture uses to shape its members' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Four of the most important of these are
symbols, language, values, and norms. Non-material culture can be categorized into cognitive and normative
culture. The former includes ideas, concepts, philosophies, designs etc. that are product of mental or intellectual
functioning and reasoning of the human mind. Whereas, the latter includes all expectations, standards and rules for
human behaviour (Arcinas, 2016)

Modes of Acquiring Culture

1. Imitation - Children and adults alike have the tendency to imitate the values, attitudes, language and all other
things in their social environment. Some of those things imitated are internalized in their personality and become a
part of their attitude, character and other behavioral patterns.
2. Indoctrination or Suggestion - This may take the form of formal training or informal teaching. Formally, the
person learns from school. Informally, he may acquire those behaviors from listening or watching, reading,
attending training activities or through interaction.
3. Conditioning - The values, beliefs, and attitudes of other people are acquired through conditioning. This
conditioning can be reinforced through reward and punishment.

Adaptation of Culture
1. Parallelism means that the same culture may take place in two or more different places. Example: The
domestication of dogs, cats, pigs and other animals may have semblance in other places
2. Diffusion refers to those behavioral patterns that pass back and forth from one culture to another. This is the
transfer or spread of culture traits from one another brought about by change agents such as people or media
Examples: food and eating practices, marriage and wedding ceremonies, burial rituals, feast celebrations 3.
Convergence takes place when two or more cultures are fused or merged into one culture making it different from
the original culture.
4. Fission takes place when people break away from their original culture and start developing a different culture of
their own.
5. Acculturation refers to the process wherein individuals incorporate the behavioral patterns of other cultures into
their own either voluntarily or by force. Voluntary acculturation occurs through imitation, borrowing, or personal
contact with other people.
6. Assimilation occurs when the culture of a larger society is adopted by a smaller society, that smaller society
assumes some of the culture of the larger society or cost society.
7. Accommodation occurs when the larger society and smaller society are able to respect and tolerate each other’s
culture even if there is already a prolonged contact of each other’s culture

Causes of Cultural Change

1. Discovery is the process of finding a new place or an object, artefact or anything that previously existed. For
example, the discovery of fire led to the art of cooking; discovery of oil, of organisms and substances; of diseases;
of atoms and sources of energy.
2. Invention implies a creative mental process of devising, creating and producing something new, novel or original;
and also the utilization and combination of previously known elements to produce that an original or novel product.
It could be either social or material or it could also be invention of new methods or techniques. Example of social
invention: invention of number system, government, language, democracy, religion, and alphabet Example of
Material Invention: invention of the wheel, machines
3. Diffusion is the spread of cultural traits or social practices from a society or group to another belonging to the
same society or to another through direct contact with each other and exposure to new forms. It involves the
following social processes: a. Acculturation – cultural borrowing and cultural imitation Example: The Filipinos are
said to be the best English- speaking people of Asia. b. Assimilation – the blending or fusion of two distinct cultures
through long periods of interaction Example: Americanization of Filipino immigrants to the US c. Amalgamation –
the biological or hereditary fusion of members of different societies Example: Marriage between a Filipino and an
American d. Enculturation – the deliberate infusion of a new culture to another Example: The teaching of American
history and culture to the Filipinos during the early American Regime
4. Colonization refers to the political, social, and political policy of establishing a colony which would be subject to
the rule or governance of the colonizing state. For example, the Hispanization of Filipino culture when the
Spaniards came and conquered the Philippines.
5. Rebellon and revolutionary movements aim to change the whole social order and replace the leadership. The
challenge the existing folkways and mores, and propose a new scheme of norms, values and organization
Ethnocentrism, Xenocentrism and Cultural Relativism as Orientations in Viewing Other Cultures Cultural variation
is the differences in social behaviors that different cultures exhbit around the world. What may be considered good
etiquette in one culture may be considered bad etiquette in another. In relation to this, there are important
perceptions on cultural variability: ethnocentrism, xenocentrism and cultural relativism
tnocentrism is a perception that arises from the fact that cultures differ and each culture defines reality differently.

This happens when judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one’s own culture (Baleña,
et.al,2016). This is the tendency to see and evaluate other cultures in terms of one’s own race, nation or culture.
This is the feeling or belief that one’s culture is better than the rest. Whereas, xenocentrism is the opposite of
ethnocentrism, the belief that one’s culture is inferior compared to others. People are highly influenced by the
culture or many culture outside the realm of their society. This could be one of the effects of globalization.
Exposure to cultural practices of others may make one individual or group of individuals to give preference to the
ideas, lifestyle and products of of other culture. Cultural relativism is an attempt to judge behavior according to its
cultural context (Baleña, et.al,2016). It is a principle that an individual person’s beliefs and activities should be
understood by others in terms of that individual’s own culture. This concept emphasizes the perspective that no
culture is superior to any other culture (Arcinas, 2016) because (a) different socieities have different moral code;
(b) the moral code of a society determines what is right or wrong within the society; (c) there are no moral truths
that hold for all people at all times; (d) the moral code of our own society has no special status, it is but one among
many; and (e) it is arrogant for us to judge other cultures, so we have to be tolerant to them. Other Important

Terms Related to Culture

1. Cultural diversity refers the differentiation of culture all over the world which means there is no right or wrong
culture but there is appropriate culture for the need of a specific group of people.
2. Sub-culture refers to a smaller group within a larger culture.
3. Counterculture refers cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society (example in
the 1960”s counter culture among teenagers reflect long hair, blue jeans, peace sign, rock and roll music and drug
abuse).
4. Culture lag is experienced when some parts of the society do not change as fast as with other parts and they are
left behind
5. Culture shock is the inability to read meaning in one’s surroundings, feeling of lost and isolation, unsure to act as
a consequence of being outside the symbolic web of culture that binds others.
6. Ideal culture refers to the social patterns mandated by cultural values and norms.
7. Real culture refers to the actual patterns that only approximate cultural expectation.
8. High culture refers to the cultural patterns that distinguish a society’s elite
9. Popular culture refers to the cultural patterns that are widespread among a society’s population.
10. Culture change is the manner by which culture evolves.
To further understand the lesson, let the students watch the video given the link below.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYbXjwoORB0&t=16s
D. APPLICATION
My Own Collage
Directions: Using various materials like pictures in magazines, newspapers and brochures. Create a collage that reflects
your understanding of anthropology, sociology and political science. Use a legal size bond paper (long) in Refer to the rubric
for scoring.

VALUES INTEGRATION
Let the students reflect on the question below.
Activity 5. Let’s Reflect!
1. As Notre Damean, which of the core values NOTRE DAME developed/activated in yourself as we tackle the nature,
goals and perspectives in/of anthropology, sociology and political science
EVALUATION
Activity 6: Let’s Evaluate!
A. TRUE OR FALSE
Direction: True or False. Analyze each statement. Write T If the statement is true and write F if the statement is false. Write
your answer in your activity notebook.
________1. Culture is defined as how people relate to nature and their physical environment.
_______ 2. The term “Politics” means scientific study of man or human beings.
________3. Theoretical perspective is used to analyses and explain objects of social study, and facilitate organizing
sociological knowledge.
________4. Anthropology always describes human, human behavior and human societies around the world.
________5. Beliefs refer to the state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing.
________6. Cultural perspective sees social life as a competition, and focuses on the distribution of resources, power, and
inequality.
________7. Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions.
________8. Sociological theory attempts to explain how the social world operates
________9. Political Science, social science that deals with humans and their interactions.
________10. Nature of politics refers to a theoretical foundation of contemporary anthropology.
Prepared: Checked: Approved:

KENETH ROSE R. FAGTANAN LANY T. CATAMIN DANILO B. MONTOY, MAEM

Teacher SHS Coordinator Principal