ABSTRACT
Background: - Dengue infection is most rapidly emerging vector born viral
disease. recognizing the severity of the disease at an early stage for quick intervention
and its appropriate management cane reduces morbidity and mortality significantly
Aim: To assess the severity of dengue infection in children
Objectives of the study:
1. To establish severity of dengue infection with clinical profile
2. To assess severity of dengue infection with USG abdomen findings
Methods
Prospective observation study is been done over period of 18 months from august 1st
2022 to 31st January 2024 on 60 patients offending KBN teaching and general
hospital as both outpatients and in patients
Result
Majority of dengue patients 31 (51.7%) belonged to the age group of 6—10 years,
followed by 16 (26.7%) of patients belonged to the age group of 1—5 years. Males
were predominant had high incidence of dengue i-e 38 (63.3%) and female patients
were 22 (36.7%). Male to female ratio was 1.72:1. Fever was the most common
complaint seen in 60 (100.0%), followed by 40 (66.7%) chief complaint was pain in
abdomen, 38 (63.3%) of patient’s complaint was vomiting, 31 (51.7%) headache, 28
(46.7%) vomiting, 15 (25.0%) ascites. Majority of patients 33 (55.0%) duration of
hospital stay was in the range of 1—5 days, followed by 23 (38.3%) of patients
duration of hospital stay was 6—10 days 32 (53.4%) and patients for more than 10
days 5 (8.3%).
The important indicators for assessing the severity of dengue were observed, raised
SGPT 17 (28.3%), raised SGOT seen 9 (15.0%) of patients, Leukopenia in 31
(50.5%) of patients, Thrombocytopenia in 37 (61.7%) of patients and increased
hematocrit was seen in 15 (25.0%) of patients 7. Ultrasonography (USG) is
empirical to arrive at management decisions; exact role of USG is reviewed in this
study; out of 60 dengue patients, USG finding shows 21 (35%) of patients were
normal and majority of patients 22 (36.7%) were seen with mild and moderate
hepatomegaly, followed by ASCITES is the most important indicator for
identification of severity of dengue fever in the present study, 21 (35%) patients were
seen with mild and moderate ASCITES, 10 (16.7%) of patients were seen with
pleural effusion. Majority of patients 38 (63.3%) were diagnosed with dengue without
warning signs, 18 (30.0%) of patients were diagnosed as dengue with warning signs
and 4 (6.7%) of patients were diagnosed as severe dengue. study managed the dengue
patients; 40 (66.7%) patients were managed in pediatrics ward with day care, 20
(33.3%) of patients were managed in the PICU ward. Study reveals that IVC/Ao
diameter ratio was significantly associated with severity of Dengue illness (P<0.01).
shows negative correlation between severity of dengue fever and IVC diameter.
INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION:
Dengue infection is the most rapidly emerging vector-borne viral disease
spreading to newer geographical areas in India every year. Kalaburagi is one of the
rapidly growing cities of northeastern region of Karnataka. With rapid urbanization,
improper drainage and increased artificial collection of water increased the dengue
cases. This study attempts to evaluate clinical profile using bedside USG, in relation
to the severity of dengue fever.
Recognizing the severity of the disease at an early stage for quick intervention
and its appropriate management is a challenge to clinicians. Ultrasonography (USG)
is a cost effective, rapid and widely available noninvasive imaging method which
empirical to arrive at early management decisions; exact role of USG is reviewed in
this study, the most important indicator for identification of severity of dengue fever
which will help to early intervention to the clinicians.
