Used in USDOE-NE Standards

Designation: A 249/A 249M – 04a

Standard Specification for

Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-
Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 249/A 249M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
1.1 This specification2 covers nominal-wall-thickness test method described in the Supplementary Requirements of
welded tubes and heavily cold worked welded tubes made from this specification. This standard does not purport to address all
the austenitic steels listed in Table 1, with various grades of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
intended for such use as boiler, superheater, heat exchanger, or responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
condenser tubes. priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific warning
TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are statement is given in Supplementary Requirement S7, Note
modifications of Grades TP304, TP309S, TP309Cb, TP310S, S7.1.
TP310Cb, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended 2. Referenced Documents
for high-temperature service such as for superheaters and
reheaters. 2.1 ASTM Standards: 3
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1.3 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranu-
this specification are 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter to 12 in. lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
[304.8 mm] in outside diameter and 0.015 to 0.320 in. [0.4 to A 480/A 480M Specification for General Requirements for
8.1 mm], inclusive, in wall thickness. Tubing having other Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply Sheet, and Strip
with all other requirements of this specification. A 1016/A 1016M Specification for General Requirements
1.4 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stain-
tubing smaller than 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 less Steel Tubes
in. [0.4 mm] in thickness. E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
1.5 Optional supplementary requirements are provided and, E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe
when one or more of these are desired, each shall be so stated and Tubing
in the order. E 273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the Weld
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each 2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must Section VIII 4
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the 2.3 Other Standard:
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” (UNS)5
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. the ASTM website.
4
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published September 2004. Originally Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 249/A 249M – 04. International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.
2 5
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
cation SA-249 in Section II of that Code. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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 A 249/A 249M – 04a
3. Ordering Information 3.1.4 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all 3.1.5 Length (specific or random),
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this 3.1.6 Optional requirements (13.6),
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not 3.1.7 Test report required (see Certification Section of
limited to, the following: Specification A 1016/A 1016M),
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material welded tubes (WLD) or heavily cold 3.1.8 Specification designation, and
worked tubes (HCW), 3.1.9 Special requirements and any supplementary require-
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1), ments selected.
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Copyright ASTM International
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No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements, %A

Composition, %
Grade UNS Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum NitrogenC Copper Other
DesignationB
TP 201 S20100 0.15 5.50–7.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 3.5–5.5 ... 0.25 ... ...
TP 202 S20200 0.15 7.5–10.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 4.0–6.0 ... 0.25 ... ...
TPXM-19 S20910 0.06 4.0–6.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 20.5–23.5 11.5–13.5 1.50–3.00 0.20–0.40 ... Cb 0.10–0.30
V 0.10–0.30
TPXM-29 S24000 0.08 11.5–14.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 2.3–3.7 ... 0.20–0.40 ... ...
TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 ... ... ... ...

3
TP304LD S30403 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–12.0 ... ... ... ...
TP304H S30409 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 ... ... ... ...
... S30415 0.04–0.06 0.80 0.045 0.030 1.00–2.00 18.0–19.0 9.0–10. ... 0.12–0.18 ... Ce

Not for Resale

0.03–0.08
TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 ... 0.10–0.16 ... ...
TP304LND S30453 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 ... 0.10–0.16 ... ...
TP305 S30500 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 11.0–13.0 ... ... ... ...
A 249/A 249M – 04a

... S30615 0.16–0.24 2.00 0.030 0.030 3.2–4.0 17.0–19.5 13.5–16.0 ... ... ... ...

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... S30815 0.05–0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40–2.00 20.0–22.0 10.0–12.0 ... 0.14–0.20 ... Ce
0.03–0.08
TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 ... ... ... ...
TP309H S30909 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 ... ... ... ...

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TABLE 1 Continued
Composition, %
Grade UNS Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum NitrogenC Copper Other
DesignationB
TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–16.0 ... ... ... Cb 10x
C-1.10
TP309HCb S30941 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–16.0 ... ... ... Cb 10x
C-1.10
TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 ... ... ... ...
TP310H S31009 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 ... ... ... ...
TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 14.0–26.0 18.0–22.0 ... ... ... Cb 10x

4
C-1.10
TP310HCb S31041 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 ... ... ... Cb 10x
C-1.10
... S31050 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.015 0.40 24.0–26.0 21.0–23.0 2.00–3.00 0.10–0.16 ... ...

Not for Resale

... S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.5–20.5 17.5–18.5 6.0–6.5 0.18–0.25 0.50–1.00 ...
... S31277 0.020 3.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 20.5–23.0 26.0–28.0 6.5–8.0 0.30–0.40 0.50–1.50 ...
TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 ... ... ...
TP316LD S31603 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 ... ... ...
A 249/A 249M – 04a

TP316H S31609 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 ... ... ...
TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–13.0 2.00–3.00 0.10–0.16 ... ...
TP316LND S31653 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–13.0 2.00–3.00 0.10–0.16 ... ...
TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 11.0–15.0 3.0–4.0 ... ... ...
TP317L S31703 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 11.0–15.0 3.0–4.0 ... ... ...

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TABLE 1 Continued
Composition, %
Grade UNS Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum NitrogenC Copper Other
DesignationB

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

... S31725 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 13.5–17.5 4.0–5.0 0.20 ... ...
... S31726 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–20.0 14.5–17.5 4.0–5.0 0.10–0.20 ... ...
... S32050 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.020 1.00 22.0–24.0 20.0–23.0 6.0–6.8 0.21–0.32 0.40 ...
TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... 0.10 ... Ti 5(C+N)-
0.70
TP321H S32109 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... 0.10 ... Ti 5(C+N)-
0.70
... S32654 0.020 2.0–4.0 0.030 0.005 0.50 24.0–25.0 21.0–23.0 7.0–8.0 0.45–0.55 0.30–0.60 ...
... S33228 0.04–0.08 1.00 0.020 0.015 0.30 26.0–28.0 31.0–333.0 ... ... ... Cb
0.60–1.00
Ce
0.05–0.10
Al0.025
... S34565 0.030 5.0–7.0 0.030 0.010 1.00 23.0–25.0 16.0–18.0 4.0–5.0 0.40–0.60 ... Cb 0.10
TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... ... Cb 10xC-
1.10
TP347H S34709 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... ... Cb 8xC-
1.10

5
TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... ... (Cb+Ta)
10xC-1.10
Ta 0.10

Not for Resale

Co 0.20
TP348H S34809 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... ... (Cb+Ta)
8xC-1.10
Ta 0.10
A 249/A 249M – 04a

Co 0.20
... S35045 0.06–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 25.0–29.0 32.0–37.0 ... ... 0.75 Al
0.15–0.60
Ti
0.15–0.60
TPXM-15 S38100 0.08 2.00 0.030 0.030 1.50–2.50 17.0–19.0 17.5–18.5 ... ... ... ...
... S38815 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.020 5.5–6.5 13.0–15.0 15.0–17.0 0.75–1.50 ... 0.75–1.50 Al 0.30
max
... N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 20.0–22.0 23.5–25.5 6.0–7.0 0.18–0.25 0.75 ...
... N08926 0.020 2.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 19.0–21.0 24.0–26.0 6.0–7.0 0.15–0.25 0.50–1.50 ...
... N08904 0.020 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 19.0–23.0 23.0–28.0 4.0–5.0 0.10 1.00–2.00 ...
A
Maximum, unless otherwise indicated.
B
New designation established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAE J1086.
C
The method of analysis for nitrogen shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.
D
For small diameter or thin walls, or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.040 % is necessary in Grades TP 304L and TP 316L. Small outside diameter tubes are defined as those
less than 0.500 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter and light wall are those less than 0.049 in. [1.2 mm] in minimum wall thickness.

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 A 249/A 249M – 04a
4. General Requirements 6.2 A solution annealing temperature above 1950 °F [1065
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- °C] may impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in TP309HCb,
Specification A 1016/A 1016M, unless otherwise provided TP310HCb, TP321, TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP348, and
herein. TP348H. When specified by the purchaser, a lower temperature
stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to
5. Manufacture the initial high temperature solution anneal (see Supplementary
5.1 The welded (WLD) tubes shall be made from flat-rolled Requirement S4).
steel by an automatic welding process with no addition of filler
metal. 7. Chemical Composition
5.1.1 Subsequent to welding and prior to final heat treat- 7.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements as
ment, the tubes shall be cold worked either in both weld and to chemical composition given in Table 1.
base metal or in weld metal only. The method of cold working
may be specified by the purchaser. When cold drawn, the 8. Product Analysis
purchaser may specify the minimum amount of reduction in 8.1 An analysis of either one length of flat-rolled stock or
cross-sectional area or wall thickness, or both. one tube shall be made for each heat. The chemical composi-
5.1.2 Heavily cold worked (HCW) tubes shall be made by tion thus determined shall conform to the requirements given in
applying cold working of not less than 35 % reduction in both Section 7.
wall and weld to a welded tube prior to the final anneal. No 8.2 A product analysis tolerance of Table A1.1 in Specifi-
filler metal shall be used in the making of the weld. Prior to cation A 480/A 480M shall apply. The product analysis toler-
cold working, the weld shall be 100 % radiographically in- ance is not applicable to the carbon content for material with a
spected in accordance with the requirements of ASME Boiler specified maximum carbon of 0.04 % or less.
and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, latest 8.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of
revision, Paragraph UW 51. two additional lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes shall be
made. Both retests for the elements in question shall meet the
6. Heat Treatment requirements of the specification; otherwise all remaining
6.1 All material shall be furnished in the heat-treated material in the heat or lot (Note 1) shall be rejected or, at the
condition in accordance with the requirements of Table 2. option of the producer, each length of flat-rolled stock or tube

TABLE 2 Heat Treatment Requirements

Grade UNS Number Solutioning Temperature, min or range Quenching Method
A
All grades not 1900 °F [1040 °C]
individually listed
below
B
... S30815 1920 °F [1050 °C]
TP309HCb S30941 1900 °F [1040 °C]C B
B
TP310H S31009 1900 °F [1040 °C]
TP310HCb S31041 1900 °F [1040 °C]C B
B
... S31254 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... S31277 2050 °F [1120 °C]
B
TP316H S31609 1900 °F [1040 °C]
TP321 S32100 1900 °F [1040 °C]C B

TP321H S32109 2000 °F [1100 °C]C B

B
... S32654 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... S33228 2050 °F [1120 °C]
B
... S34565 2050 °F [1120 °C]–
B
2140 °F [1170 °C]
TP347 S34700 1900 °F [1040 °C]C B

TP347H S34709 2000 °F [1100 °C]C B

TP348 S34800 1900 °F [1040 °C]C B

TP348H S34809 2000 °F [1100 °C]C B

D
... S35045 2000 °F [1100 °C]
B
... S38815 1950 °F [1065 °C]
B
... N08367 2025 °F [1110 °C]
B
... N08904 2000 °F [1100 °C]
B
... N08926 2010 °F [1105 °C]
A
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other methods, at a rate sufficient to prevent reprecipitation of carbides, as demonstrated by the capability of passing Practices
A 262, Practice E. The manufacturer is not required to run the test unless it is specified on the purchase order (See Supplementary Requirement S6). Note that Practices
A 262 requires the test to be performed on sensitized specimens in the low carbon and stabilized types and on specimens representative of the as-shipped condition of
the other types. In the case of low-carbon types containing 3 % or more molybdenum, the applicability of the sensitizing treatment prior to testing shall be a matter for
negotiation between the seller and purchaser.
B
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other methods.
C
A solution treating temperature above 1950 °F [1065 °C] may impair resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in the
indicated grades. When specified by the purchaser, a lower temperature stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to the higher-temperature solution
anneal prescribed in this table (See Supplementary Requirement S4).
D
Cooled in still air, or faster.

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 A 249/A 249M – 04a
may be individually tested for acceptance. Lengths of flat- TABLE 4 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsA
rolled stock or tubes that do not meet the requirements of the Grade UNS Tensile Yield Elongation Rockwell
specification shall be rejected. Designation Strength, Strength, in 2 in. or Hardness
min, ksi min, ksi 50 mm, Number,
[MPa] [MPa] min, % max
NOTE 1—For flattening and flange requirements, the term lot applies to
all tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wall thickness TP201 S20100 95 [655] 38 [260] 35 B95
which are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat treatment TP202 S20200 90 [620] 38 [260] 35 B95
TPXM-19 S20910 100 [690] 55 [380] 35 C25
is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same
TPXM-29 S24000 100 [690] 55 [380] 35 B100
size and from the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace ... S24565 115 [795] 60 [415] 35 B100
charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, the TP304 S30400 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be TP304L S30403 70 [485] 25 [170] 35 B90
determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table 3. TP304H S30409 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
... S30415 87 [600] 42 [290] 35 B96
NOTE 2—For tension and hardness test requirements, the term lot TP304N S30451 80 [550] 35 [240] 35 B90
applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall TP304LN S30453 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
thickness which are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat TP305 S30500 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of ... S30615 90 [620] 40 [275] 35 B95
the same size and the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace ... S30815 87 [600] 45 [310] 35 B95
charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shall TP309S S30908 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
TP309H S30909 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
include all tubes of the same size and heat, annealed in the same furnace TP309Cb S30940 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed. TP309HCb S30941 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
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TP310S S31008 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90

9. Tensile Requirements TP310H S31009 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
TP310Cb S31040 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
9.1 The material shall conform to the tensile properties TP310HCb S31041 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
prescribed in Table 4. ... S31050:
t # 0.25 in. 84 [580] 39 [270] 25 B95
t > 0.25 in. 78 [540] 37 [255] 25 B95
10. Hardness Requirements ... S31254:
t # 0.187 in. 98 [675] 45 [310] 35 B100
10.1 The tubes shall have a Rockwell hardness number not [5.00 mm]
exceeding the values specified in Table 4. t > 0.187 in. 95 [655] 45 [300] 35 B100
[5.00 mm]
... S31277 112 [770] 52 [360] 40 B100
11. Reverse-Bend Test Requirement TP316 S31600 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
TP316L S31603 70 [485] 25 [170] 35 B90
11.1 A section 4 in. [100 mm] minimum in length shall be TP316H S31609 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
split longitudinally 90° on each side of the weld. The sample TP316N S31651 80 [550] 35 [240] 35 B90
TP316LN S31653 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
shall then be opened and bent around a mandrel with a TP317 S31700 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
maximum thickness of four times the wall thickness, with the TP317L S31703 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
mandrel parallel to the weld and against the original outside ... S31725 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
... S31726 80 [550] 35 [240] 35 B90
surface of the tube. The weld shall be at the point of maximum ... S32050 98 [675] 48 [330] 40
bend. There shall be no evidence of cracks, or of overlaps TP321 S32100 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
resulting from the reduction in thickness of the weld areas by TP321H S32109 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
... S32654 109 [750] 62 [430] 35 B100
cold working. When the geometry or size of the tubing make it ... S33228 73 [500] 27 [185] 30 B90
difficult to test the sample as a single piece, the sample may be TP347 S34700 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
sectioned into smaller pieces provided a minimum of 4 in. of TP347H S34709 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
TP348 S34800 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
weld is subjected to reverse bending. TP348H S34809 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
... S35045 70 [485] 25 [170] 35 B90
NOTE 3—The reverse bend test is not applicable when the specified TPXM-15 S38100 75 [515] 30 [205] 35 B90
wall is 10 % or more of the specified outside diameter, or the wall ... S38815 78 [540] 37 [255] 30 B100
thickness is 0.134 in. [3.4 mm] or greater, or the outside diameter size is ... N08367
less than 0.375 in. [9.5 mm]. Under these conditions the reverse flattening t # 0.187 100 [690] 45 [310] 30 100
t > 0.187 95 [655] 45 [310] 30 100
test of Specification A 1016/A 1016M shall apply.
... N08904 71 [490] 31 [215] 35 B90
... N08926 94 [650] 43 [295] 35 B100
A
Not applicable to tubes less than 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in outside diameter or having
TABLE 3 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the wall thickness below 0.015 in. [0.4 mm], or both. The tensile properties of such
Continuous Process small diameter or thin wall tubes shall be a matter of agreement between the
manufacturer and the purchaser.
Size of Tube Size of Lot
2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside not more than 50 tubes
diameter and 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over
12. Grain Size Requirement
in wall thickness 12.1 The grain size of Grades TP309H, TP309HCb,
Less than 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in. not more than 75 tubes
[25.4 mm] in outside diameter or over 1 in. TP310H and TP310HCb, as determined in accordance with
[25.4 mm] in outside diameter and under Test Methods E 112, shall be No. 6 or coarser.
0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in wall thickness 12.2 The grain size of Grades TP304H, TP316H, TP321H,
1 in. [25.4 mm] or less in outside diameter not more than 125
tubes TP347H and TP348H, as determined in accordance with Test
Methods E 112, shall be No. 7 or coarser.

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 A 249/A 249M – 04a
13. Mechanical Tests and Grain Size Determinations 14.2.1 Requirements of 14.2 are not applicable when any of
Required the following apply:
13.1 Tension Test—One tension test shall be made on a 14.2.1.1 When the specified wall thickness exceeds 12 % of
specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall the specified outside diameter;
be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50 14.2.1.2 When the specified wall thickness exceeds 0.165
tubes (Note 2). in. [4.2 mm];
13.2 Flattening Test—One flattening test shall be made on 14.2.1.3 When the specified OD exceeds 3 in. [76.2 mm]; or
specimens from each end of one finished tube, not the one used 14.2.1.4 When the specified minimum yield strength given
for the flange test, from each lot (Note 1). in Table 4 for the specified grade is 35 ksi [240 MPa] or greater.
13.3 Flange Test—One flange test shall be made on speci-
15. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
mens from each end of one finished tube, not the one used for
the flattening test, from each lot (Note 1). 15.1 Finished tubes shall have smooth ends free of burrs and
13.4 Reverse-Bend Test—One reverse-bend test shall be shall not deviate from straightness by more than 0.030 in. [0.8
made on a specimen from each 1500 ft [450 m] of finished mm] in 3 ft (900 mm] of length.
tubing.
16. Surface Condition
13.5 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests
shall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot 16.1 The tubes, after final heat treatment, shall be chemi-
(Note 2). cally descaled or pickled free of scale. When bright annealing
13.6 Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test—Each is used, pickling or chemical descaling is not necessary.
tube shall be subjected to either the hydrostatic or the nonde-
structive electric test. The purchaser may specify which test is 17. Forming Operations
to be used. 17.1 Tubes when inserted in the boiler shall stand expanding
13.7 Grain Size—Grain size determinations on grades and beading without showing cracks or flaws. All tubes, when
TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H and TP310HCb shall be made properly manipulated, shall be able to stand expanding and
on the same number of tubes as prescribed for the flattening beading without showing cracks and flaws, and also shall stand
test. all forging, welding, and bending operations necessary for
13.8 Heavily cold worked tubes (HCW) shall be capable of application without developing defects.
passing the weld decay test listed in Supplementary S7 with a
weld metal to base metal loss ratio of 0.90 to 1.10. The test is 18. Product Marking
not required unless S7 is specified in the purchase order. 18.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification

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A 1016/A 1016M, the marking for Grades TP304H, TP309H,
14. Permissible Variations in Dimensions TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H,
14.1 Dimensional tolerances other than wall thickness tol- and TP348H shall also include the heat number and the
erances shall be in accordance with Specification A 1016/ heat-treatment lot identification.
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A 1016M. Wall thickness tolerances shall be 610 % of nomi-

nal wall for all tubing sizes. 19. Keywords
14.2 The wall thickness of the weld shall not exceed the 19.1 austenitic stainless steel; boiler tubes; condenser tube;
wall thickness measured 90° from the weld by more than 6 % heat exchanger tube; high temperature applications; steel tube;
of the specified wall thickness or 0.004 in. [0.1 mm], which- superheater tubes; temperature service applications, high;
ever is greater. welded steel tube and heavily cold worked (HCW) tubes

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
inquiry, contract, or order.

S1. Stress-Relieved Annealed Tubes S1.2 When stress-relieved tubes are specified, tubes shall be
S1.1 For use in certain corrosives, particularly chlorides given a heat treatment at 1550 to 1650 °F [845 to 900 °C] after
where stress corrosion may occur, tubes in Grades TP304L, roll straightening. Cooling from this temperature range may be
TP316L, TP321, TP347, and TP348 may be specified in the either in air or by slow cooling. No mechanical straightening is
stress-relieved annealed condition. Details of these supplemen- permitted after the stress-relief treatment.
tal requirements shall be agreed upon by the manufacturer and S1.3 Straightness of the tubes shall be a matter of negotiation
the purchaser. between the purchaser and manufacturer.

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 A 249/A 249M – 04a
S2. Minimum Wall Tubes of the tube opposite the weld consisting of 100 % base metal.
S2.1 When specified by the purchaser, tubes shall be fur- Remove all burrs and sharp edges by lightly grinding. Remove
nished on a minimum wall basis. Such tubes shall satisfy the dust and grease by cleaning with soap and water or other
minimum wall thickness requirements of Specification A 1016/ suitable solvents. Then, place sample(s) in the flask. It is not
A 1016M rather than the nominal wall requirements of this recommended to test more than four samples together, or to
specification. In addition to the marking required by Section mix alloy types.
18, the tubing shall be marked S2. S7.4 Prepare the hydrochloric acid solution by slowly add-
ing reagent grade (approximately 37 %) hydrochloric acid to
S3. Air Underwater Pressure Test an equal volume of distilled water. (Warning—Protect eyes
S3.1 When specified, the tubing shall be examined by the air and use rubber gloves when handling acid. Mixing shall be
underwater pressure test. done under a hood and testing shall be run under a hood.)
S7.5 The test container shall be a 1-L Erlenmeyer flask

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S4. Stabilizing Heat Treatment equipped with ground-glass joints and an Ahlin condenser. The
S4.1 Subsequent to the solution anneal required in Section volume of the solution shall be approximately 700 mL.
6, Grades TP309HCb, TP310HCb, TP321, TP321H, TP347, S7.6 Measure the thickness of the tube at five locations
TP347H, TP348, and TP348H shall be given a stabilization along the weld area and at five locations along the base-metal

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heat treatment at a temperature lower than that used for the section. In both cases, take measurements at approximately
initial solution annealing heat treatment. The temperature of equal longitudinal intervals along the section lengths. Make
stabilization heat treatment shall be at a temperature as agreed these measurements with a sharp pointed micrometer accurate
upon between the purchaser and vendor. to at least 0.001 in. The micrometer must be suitable for
measuring the small features in the surface after testing.
S5. Unstraightened Tubes Typical pin micrometers have tapered anvils with a tip radius
S5.1 When the purchaser specifies tubes unstraightened of less than 0.015 in.
after final heat treatment (such as coils), the straightness S7.7 Immerse the samples into the solution. Add boiling
requirement of Section 12 shall not apply and the minimum chips and bring to a boil. Allow the chips to remain boiling
yield strength of Table 3 shall be reduced by 5 ksi [35 MPa]. throughout the test. The time of testing shall be that which is
S5.2 On the certification, and wherever the grade designa- required to remove 40 to 60 % of the original base-metal
tion for unstraightened tubing appears, it shall be identified thickness (usually 2 h or less). If more than 60 % of the
with the suffix letter “U” (for example, 304-U, 321-U, etc.). base-metal thickness remains, the sample may be removed
after 24 h.
S6. Intergranular Corrosion Test S7.8 At the end of the test period, remove the samples from
S6.1 When specified, material shall pass intergranular cor- the solution, rinse with distilled water, and dry.
rosion tests conducted by the manufacturer in accordance with S7.9 After exposure to the test solution, repeat the tube-
Practices A 262, Practice E. thickness measurement as in S7.6. If the thinning is not
uniform across the width of the weld, then two sets of
NOTE S6.1—Practice E requires testing on the sensitized condition for weld-metal measurement are required. One set of measure-
low carbon or stabilized grades, and on the as-shipped condition for other ments is to be taken along the centerline of the weld. The
grades.
second set of measurements is to be taken in the thinnest area
S6.2 A stabilization heat treatment in accordance with of the weld.
Supplementary Requirement S4 may be necessary and is S7.10 Calculate the corrosion ratio, R, for both sections of
permitted in order to meet this requirement for the grades the weld as follows in Eq 1:
containing titanium or columbium, particularly in their H
Wo 2 W
versions. R5 B 2B (1)
o

S7. Weld Decay Test where:

S7.1 This test is not applicable to alloys with a nickel Wo = average weld-metal thickness before the test,
content $ 19.0 % or a molybdenum content $ 4.00 %, or both. W = average weld-metal thickness after the test,
S7.2 When specified by the purchase order, one sample Bo = average base-metal thickness before the test, and
from each lot of tubing (Note 2) shall be subjected to testing in B = average base-metal thickness after the test.
a boiling mixture of 50 % reagent grade hydrochloric acid and S7.10.1 A corrosion ratio of 1.25 or less for the thinnest
50 % water. section of the weld is permissible. Other criteria, such as a ratio
S7.3 Approximately 2-in. long samples shall be prepared of 1.00 or less, may be specified upon agreement between the
from a production length of tubing. Shorter, 1-in. samples may producer and the purchaser.
be used for small diameter (1/2-in. and below) tubing. Split the
sample longitudinally to allow for easy micrometer measure- S8. Special Applications
ments. The sample may be one piece which contains the weld S8.1 For special applications, such as hydraulic expansion
and at least 90° of base-metal to one side of the weld. of tubes into tube sheets, there shall be no dimensional
Alternately, the sample may be two separate pieces with one indication of the weld. Tubes ordered to this requirement shall
containing the weld and a similar size section from the balance bear the additional marking of NB.

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 A 249/A 249M – 04a
S9. Additional Testing of Welded Tubing per ASME S9.3 The test methods described in the supplement may not
Request be capable of inspecting the end portions of tubes. This
S9.1 Each tube shall be subjected to an ultrasonic inspection condition is referred to as end effect. This portion, as deter-
employing Practices E 273 or E 213 with the rejection criteria mined by the manufacturer, shall be removed and discarded.
referenced in Specification A 1016/A 1016M. S9.4 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification
S9.2 If Practice E 273 is employed, a 100 % volumetric A 1016/A 1016M, “S9” shall be added after the grade desig-
inspection of the entire length of each tube shall also be nation.
performed using one of the nondestructive electric tests per-
mitted by Specification A 1016/A 1016M.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 249/A 249M – 04, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved September 1, 2004)

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(1) Added UNS 31277 to Tables 1, 2, and 4.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 249/A 249M – 03a, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved May 1, 2004)

(1) Added UNS 35045 and UNS 38815 Chemistry to Table 1. (3) Added UNS 35045 and UNS 38815 Tensile and Hardness
(2) Added UNS 35045 and UNS 38815 Heat Treatment Requirements to Table 4.
Requirements to Table 2.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 249/A 249M – 03, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved December 1, 2003)

(1) Added heavily cold worked (HCW) processing in Para- (2) Increased size range to 12 in. [304.8 mm] in Paragraph 1.3.
graphs 1.1, 3.1.2, 5.1, 5.1.2, 13.8, and 19.1.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 249/A 249M – 02, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved October 1, 2003)

(1) Clarified ordering requirements to include purchaser’s (3) Added 14.2 to provide additional requirements for weld
responsibility. thickness.
(2) Replaced unclear wording in 7.1 and 8.1.

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in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

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if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
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make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
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