OUR LADY OF FATIMA ACADEMY

DAO, CAPIZ
LEARNING MODULE IN TLE 8
1St Quarter

NAIL CARE
A good nail technician should have knowledge of the structure and composition of the nails, as well as have the
ability to provide his/her clients with efficient service. In order to do so, the nail technician must also know the different
tools and equipment to use in giving a manicure and pedicure. He/She must also use these properly in order to meet the
client's needs and requests.
People nowadays are becoming more mindful of their health and appearance. Some are particular with the type of
food they eat, while others find time to exercise to keep their bodies healthy and active. Those who are busy with school
or work, find time to go to a salon or parlor to avail of services that would help them relax. One of the most common
salon services people avail of is nail care services. Both men and women are now móre conscious of maintaining clean,
healthy, and attractive nails.

CLASSIFICATION OF NAIL CARE TOOLS, SUPPLIES, AND EQUIPMENT

1. Tools- are implements that are durable, permanent, and handheld.
2. Supplies/materials - are items that are consumable and should be replaced from time to time.
3. Equipment - are big, permanent, and sometimes power-operated implements needed for a particular activity or
procedure.

NAIL CARE TOOLS, MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

Nail care tools are the articles used in any nail care service which are durable or permanent and are hand-held.
Tools are also referred to as implements. The tools commonly used in giving manicure and pedicure are the following:
 Callous Remover - is a tool designed to strip off calluses and corns.
 Cuticle Nail Pusher - is a tool used to push back and loosen the cuticles.
 Cuticle Nipper - is an implement used to cut the cuticles.
 Cuticle Scissor - is an implement to cut stubborn cuticles.
 Finger or Manicure Bowl - is a small bowl used for soaking the fingers to soften the cuticles.
 Foot file - is made of metal or sandpaper, with a rough file on one side to remove calluses and a fine file on the
other to smoothen the feet.
 Foot Spa Basin - is a large rectangular container used for bathing and soaking the feet when giving a pedicure.
 Manicure Tray - is a flat container where all the necessary tools and implements are placed for use by the
manicurist.
 Manicure Nail Brush - is a plastic handled brush with nylon bristles used to clean dirt and cosmetic residue from
the nail surface and skin.
 Mixing bowl - is a small open-top, rounded cup-like container used for mixing the aromatic oils and other fluids
for the hand or foot spa.
 Nail Buffer - is an implement used for smoothening and polishing the nails.
 Nail Cutter / Nail Clipper / Nail Trimmer - is a hand tool made of metal used to trim fingernails and toenails.
 Nail File - is an implement used to shape the free edges of the nail with the coarse side and bevel the nail with the
finer side.
 Orangewood Stick - is an implement with pointed and rounded ends to remove excess polish.
 Plastic Container for Cotton - is a small receptacle where cotton balls are put.
 Pumice Stone - is a type of volcanic rock, which is actually frothy lava solidified to form a porous rock to
remove dry and annoying skin of the feet as well as calluses.
 Supply Tray - is a flat container that holds the necessary cosmetics and implements.
 Trolley - is a wheeled cart that is pushed by hand and used for transporting manicuring and pedicuring tools and
materials.

MATERIALS are the cosmetics and supplies that are consumed and should be replaced from time to time. They
are also called consumables. The following are the materials used in giving manicure, pedicure, hand and foot spa:
 Alcohol - is an organic compound used as sanitizer.
 Antiseptic Solution - is an agent that reduces or prevents the multiplication of micro-organisms
 Apron - is an outer protective garment that covers primarily the front of the body to protect clothes from dirt or
stains.
 Assorted Colored Nail Polish - is a lacquer applied on fingernails and toenails to decorate and/or protect the nail
plate.
 Base Coat - is a clear layer of polish applied to the nail plate before the application of colored polish to smoothen
surface for color and promote healthier nails.
 Benzalconium Chloride - is a yellow-white powder prepared in an aqueous solution used as surface disinfectant
and topical antiseptic.
  Bleaching Soap – a soap formulated to whiten the skin.
 Cling Wrap - is a thin plastic film used for sealing the paraffin during a hand spa.
 Cotton - is a soft white downy fiber for dabbing or cleaning the nails and removing nail polish.
 Cuticle Oil - is a mixture of fats and waxes containing lanolin and petroleum base to soften and lubricate the skin
around the nails.
 Cuticle Remover - is a liquid used to soften nail cuticles and prepare them to be cut.
 Disinfectant - is an agent, such as heat, radiation, or a chemical, that destroys, neutralizes, or prevents the growth
of disease-carrying microorganisms.
 Emery board - is a wooden, sand paper-like stick with a fine texture on one side and a coarse texture on the other
side used to gently grind down the edges of the nails.
 First Aid Kit - is a collection of supplies for use in giving first aid.
 Foot Blush - is a liquid spray that contains peppermint and alpha hydroxyl acids derived from fruits that whisks
away dead skin cells, deodorizes and soften the feet, giving it a pinkish glow after use.
 Foot Soak - is an herbal blend to relax, energize, soothe and deodorize the feet.
 Foot Scrub - is a mixture of natural ingredients to keep feet soft, smooth and moisturized.
 Garbage bins/bags - are plastic disposable bags or trash receptacles used to contain rubbish to keep the place
clean.
 Hand Towel - is an absorbent cloth for drying the hands.
 Lotion - is any of various cosmetic preparations that are applied to soften the skin.
 Manicure Pillow - is a hand cushion that helps a client to keep her hands steady and relaxed
 Nail Hardener - is a liquid applied to the nails to form a protective barrier to prevent chipping, peeling and
splitting of nails.
 Nail Polish Remover (Acetone) - is an organic solvent used to dissolve old polish on nails.
 Quick Dry - is a liquid applied to colored nail polish to dry faster.
 Solvent - is a substance used to thin out the nail polish when it has thickened.
 Toe Nail Separator - is a soft material where toes are inserted to keep them apart to prevent a freshly painted
toenail from staining another toe.
 Top Coat - is a clear nail polish applied to the nails after the colored polish to protect it from scratches and chips,
it makes nails harder and keep them looking shiny.
 Towel - is an absorbent cloth for drying the hands and feet.
 Wet Sanitizer - is a substance or preparation for killing germs.

EQUIPMENT are the items which are more or less durable and permanent needed for a particular activity or
purpose. These are the equipment and furniture or fixtures that are used in a salon:
 Chairs - are seats with back support which have four legs and some have rests for the arms.
 Foot Spa Machine - is an electronic gadget used for soaking, bathing and massaging the feet during a foot spa.
 Foot Spa Stool - is a simple seat with three or four legs designed to provide comfort and elevation during a foot
spa.
 Hand Spa Machine - is an electronic gadget used to soothe pain of arthritis, muscle spasms and dry cracked skin
of the hands.
 Manicurist’s Chair or Stool - is the adjustable upholstered seat fitted over a metal or chrome.
 Manicure Table - is a furniture especially designed for giving manicure. Usually it has a laminated plastic
surface and a drawer for storing materials. It is often fitted with ball casters for easy mobility.
 Sterilizer - is equipment in a salon used for sterilizing metal implements to kill micro-organisms.
 Timer - is a device that can be preset to start or stop something at a given time.

NINE MEASURES IN KEEPING SALON CLEAN AND SAFE.

1. All beauty salons must be well-lighted and well-ventilated and must be in good sanitary condition.
2. The salon premises must be free from rodents, vermin, flies and or similar insects.
3. All salon establishments must be provided with continuous running hot and cold water.
4. The curtains and floor coverings in the salon must be washable and kept clean.
5. All hair, used cotton or other waste materials must be removed from the floor immediately, and deposited in a
closed container.
6. The rest rooms must be well-sanitized and be provided with individual towels.
7. Each beautician must wear a washable uniform while serving clients.
8. Each client must be provided with a freshly laundered towel.
9. All waste materials should be disposed of in an enclosed waste bin fitted with polythene bin liner, durable
enough to resist tearing.

NAIL AND ITS STRUCTURE

 Free Edge-The end of the nail plate that is shaped during Manicure & Pedicure
 Nail Plate-This is the visible part of the nail that sits on top of the nail bed. It is made by Keratinisation; the
transformation of living cells to hard, dead cells, and it consists of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.
 Lunula-The half moon shaped point where the matrix and nail bed meet.
  Cuticle-The overlapping skin surrounding the nail. Its job is to protect the matrix from being invaded by bacteria
and physical damage.
 Mantle-The skin covering the matrix and the base of the nail plate.
 Hyponichium-This skin line where the nail plate separates from the nail bed.
 Nail Grooves-These are the grooves on the skin at the sides of
the free edge, and the nail follows them as a guideline when it
grows.
 Nail Walls-The skin on both sides of the nail plate.
 Nail Bed-This is the part of the finger underneath the nail
plate.
 Matrix-This is where the nail is made. It is the only living part
of the nail, and contains nerves and blood vessels so that cell
reproduction can occur.

Shapes of Nail
The shape of nail conforms to the fingertips of an individual. It also determines how the fingernails should be styled
during a manicure.
1. Oval- this is common among people with long, perfect nail beds. It may be styled slightly rounded at the base and
slightly pointed at the fingertips.
2. Round- ideal for shorter nails, the nail is allowed to grow out straight at the sides for approximately 1.5mm and
then the tip is field into a rounded shape
3. Stiletto/pointed- filed away at the sides to a point at the tip; this shape is very weak as the sides of the nail( which
provide the strength) are totally lost.
4. Squoval- similar to the bove but followed by squaring off the tip, giving the nail tip strength over the oval shape.
Square- the most pouplar among the nail shpaes. It is created by allowing the nail to grow out straight and then filling the
tip straight across at right angles with the rest of the nail plate.

The following are basic nail designs which you can offer in a nail salon.
A. Plain manicure ̶ the application of nail polish to the entire nail plate
B. Half-Moon ̶ involves applying of nail polish over the whole nail plate except
the lunula.
C. Half- Moon with Tip ̶ it involves the application of colored polish over the whole nail plate except the area of lunula
and tip of the nail.
D. French Manicure or Tip design ̶ involves the application of colored polish over the whole part of the nail except the
area of the free-edge.
*French Manicure or Tip design (Variation no. 2) ̶ involves the application of white nail polish or colored polish on the
tips and coating.
E. Elephant Tusk-Elephant tusk is a style that involves the application of nail polish to create S curve, leaving a slightly
larger gap along the nail walls.