INTRODUCTION

ABOUT OIL INDIA LIMITED

Oil India Limited (OIL) is a prominent Indian oil and gas company, specializing in the
upstream sector of the oil industry. Founded in 1889, the company has a long and storied
history, beginning with the discovery of oil in Digboi, Assam, marking India's entry into the
oil industry.

CORE OPERATIONS
OIL is primarily engaged in the exploration, development, and production of crude oil and
natural gas. It also deals with the transportation of crude oil and the production of liquid
petroleum gas (LPG). As a fully integrated Exploration & Production (E&P) company, OIL
operates across various stages of the hydrocarbon value chain, including:

Exploration: Searching for new oil and gas reserves.

Development: Preparing and constructing facilities to extract oil and gas.
Production: Extracting and processing hydrocarbons.

STATUS AND OVERSIGHT

OIL is a central public sector undertaking and holds the prestigious Navratna status, which is
granted to companies that have shown consistent performance and growth. The Ministry of
Petroleum and Natural Gas oversees its operations.

HEADQUARTERS AND OVERSIGHTS

The company is headquartered in Duliajan, Assam, with additional offices in Noida,
Guwahati, and Jodhpur.
HISTORICAL MILESTONES
1889: Discovery of oil in Digboi, Assam.
Recent Years: Expansion into international markets, operating in over nine locations
worldwide, and the acquisition of majority shares in Numaligarh Refinery Limited from
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, making it a subsidiary of OIL.

FINANCIALS
Authorized Share Capital: Rs. 2,000 Crore.
Issued, Subscribed, and Paid Share Capital: Rs. 1,084.41 Crore.
Government Holding: The Government of India holds 56.66% of the total Issued & Paid-up
Capital, with the remaining 43.34% held by the public and other entities.

ACHIEVEMENTS
In 2019, OIL became the first Indian oil and gas company to list its bonds on the International
Securities Market of the London Stock Exchange.

DOMESTIC OPERATIONS
OIL's domestic operations cover several states, including Assam, Arunachal Pradesh,
Mizoram, Tripura, Nagaland, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Rajasthan. It also operates in
offshore areas such as the Andaman, Kerala-Konkan, and KG shallow waters.

INTERNATIONAL PRESENCE
OIL holds Participating Interests in blocks in eight countries: Russia, USA, Venezuela,
Mozambique, Nigeria, Gabon, Bangladesh, and Libya.

INFRASTRUCTURE
OIL owns and operates extensive facilities and equipment for seismic and geodetic work,
data acquisition, processing, analysis, drilling, field development, and production. It has
significant expertise in reservoir management and Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) operations.
The company manages over 2,000 km of pipelines, including a major crude oil pipeline in the
North East and a product pipeline from Numaligarh Refinery to Siliguri.

DIVERSIFICATION
OIL has diversified into City Gas Distribution (CGD) projects and acquired a majority stake
in Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL), becoming the promoter and holding company of
NRL. It also has a stake in Brahmaputra Cracker and Polymer Limited.

RENEWABLE ENERGY INITIATIVES

As part of its strategic initiatives, OIL has invested in Renewable & Alternate Energy, with
projects in wind and solar energy totaling 188.10 MW of installed capacity (174.10 MW from
wind projects and 14 MW from solar projects).

In summary, Oil India Limited is a significant player in the Indian and international oil and
gas industry, with a robust history, extensive operations, and a commitment to diversification
and renewable energy.
HISTORY OF OIL INDIA LIMITED
Oil India Limited (OIL) has a rich and storied history, beginning with the discovery of oil in
India in the late 19th century and evolving into a major player in the global oil and gas
industry.

Early Beginnings

 1889: The story of OIL begins in the small town of Digboi, Assam, where oil was
discovered. This marked the start of the oil industry in India and was one of the
earliest oil discoveries in the world, second only to Pennsylvania, USA.
 1899: The Assam Oil Company was formed to exploit the oilfields in Digboi. This
company later became part of Burmah Oil Company.

Formation and Early Growth

 1959: Oil India Private Limited was incorporated to expand exploration and
production activities. It was a collaborative venture between the Government of India
and Burmah Oil Company Limited, UK, with the Indian government holding a
majority stake.
 1961: The company was renamed Oil India Limited as it transitioned to a public
sector enterprise.

Major Developments

 1960s-1970s: OIL expanded its operations significantly during these decades. New
oilfields were discovered in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, and production increased.
 1981: The Indian government acquired the remaining equity of OIL from Burmah Oil
Company, making it a wholly-owned public sector enterprise.

Technological and Operational Milestones

 1980s-1990s: OIL adopted advanced technologies for exploration and production. The
company began using 3D seismic surveys, horizontal drilling, and enhanced oil
recovery techniques.
 1994: OIL entered the natural gas sector, diversifying its portfolio.

International Expansion and Modernization

 2000s: OIL began to explore opportunities abroad. The company acquired stakes in
oil and gas blocks in countries such as Libya, Gabon, Nigeria, and Sudan.
 2010: OIL was granted the coveted "Navratna" status by the Government of India,
recognizing its robust performance and operational efficiency.
 2019: OIL became the first Indian oil and gas company to list its bonds on the
International Securities Market of the London Stock Exchange.
Recent Developments

 2021: OIL acquired a majority stake in Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) from
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, making NRL a subsidiary of OIL.
 Renewable Energy Initiatives: OIL has diversified into the renewable energy sector,
investing in wind and solar projects. As of recent records, it has an installed capacity
of 188.10 MW in renewable energy.

Current Operations

OIL operates in various states in India, including Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram,
Tripura, Nagaland, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Rajasthan. It also has a presence in
international markets with operations in Russia, the USA, Venezuela, Mozambique, Nigeria,
Gabon, Bangladesh, and Libya.

OIL continues to be a significant player in the upstream oil and gas sector, known for its
technological prowess and extensive infrastructure. The company’s commitment to
innovation and sustainability positions it well for future growth in both conventional and
renewable energy sectors.

OVERVIEW OF PUMP STATION AND REVERSE STATION

PUMP STATIONS
Pump stations, also known as pumping stations, play a crucial role in various industries,
including oil and gas, water supply, wastewater management, and irrigation. Here’s a brief
description of pump stations:

DEFINITIONS AND FUNCTIONS

Pump stations are facilities equipped with pumps and other necessary equipment to transport
fluids (such as water, wastewater, oil, or natural gas) from one location to another. They are
essential in systems where fluids need to be moved over long distances, across different
elevations, or where gravity flow is insufficient.

KEY COMPONENTS
Pumps: The core component, designed to move the fluid by creating pressure.
Piping: Channels through which the fluid is transported.
Valves: Control the flow and pressure within the system.
Storage Tanks: Temporarily store fluids before pumping or after receiving.
Control Systems: Automate and monitor pump operations to ensure efficient and safe
functioning.
Power Supply: Provides the necessary energy to operate the pumps, which can be electrical,
diesel, or other forms of energy.

TYPES OF PUMP STATIONS

Water Supply Pump Stations: Used in municipal water supply systems to pump water from
reservoirs or wells to treatment plants and distribution networks.
Wastewater Pump Stations: Also known as lift stations, these facilities transport wastewater
from lower to higher elevations where gravity flow is not feasible.
Oil and Gas Pump Stations: Transport crude oil, refined products, or natural gas through
pipelines over long distances and varying terrains.
Irrigation Pump Stations: Supply water to agricultural fields, ensuring adequate irrigation.

APPLICATIONS
Municipal and Industrial Water Systems: Ensures a consistent and reliable water supply to
residential, commercial, and industrial users.
Sewage and Wastewater Treatment: Moves wastewater from residential and commercial
areas to treatment plants.
Oil and Gas Industry: Facilitates the movement of hydrocarbons from production sites to
refineries and from refineries to distribution points.
Agriculture: Provides irrigation water to enhance crop production.

IMPORTANCE
Pump stations are vital for maintaining the flow and pressure in various fluid transport
systems, ensuring efficiency, reliability, and safety in their respective applications. They are
critical in urban infrastructure, industrial operations, and resource management, contributing
significantly to public health, economic activities, and environmental sustainability.

There are 11 Pump Stations -

PS-1: Naharkatia PS-2: Moran

PS-3: Jorhat (Base) PS-4: Sekoni
PS-5: Guwahati (Base) PS-6: Bongaigaon
PS-7: Medarihat (West Bengal) PS-8: Sonapur (West Bengal) (Base)
PS-9: Dumar (Bihar) PS-10: Barauni (Bihar)
PS-11: Tengakhat (Between PS-1 and PS-2)

Injecting Stations - PS-1, PS-2 and PS-3

PS-3 is Under ONGC
PS-2 is Under both OIL and ONGC

Figure: Overview of PS-5

REVERSE PUMP STATION
Reverse pump stations, also known as booster pump stations, are facilities designed to pump
fluids in the opposite direction of the typical flow, often to return them to their source or
redirect them to alternative destinations. They are commonly used in water management,
wastewater treatment, and industrial applications where reverse flow is necessary for
operational or environmental reasons.

DEFINITION AND FUNTIONS

Reverse pump stations are equipped with pumps that increase the pressure of the fluid to
move it against the natural or designed flow direction. These stations are essential for systems
requiring the ability to reverse fluid flow for maintenance, operational flexibility, or specific
process needs.

KEY COMPONENTS
Reverse Pumps: Specialized pumps designed to handle reverse flow, often with variable
speed controls for precise pressure management.
Control Systems: Advanced control systems that automate and monitor the reverse flow
operations, ensuring safe and efficient functioning.
Valves: Directional valves that can switch the flow direction as needed.
Sensors: Pressure and flow sensors to monitor the performance and ensure stability during
reverse operation.

APPLICATIONS
Water Reclamation and Recycling: Used in water treatment plants to return treated water to
reservoirs or supply systems.
Industrial Processes: Employed in processes that require fluid to be moved back to its origin
for recycling or reprocessing.
Maintenance Operations: Allow reverse flushing of pipelines to remove blockages or
contaminants, enhancing maintenance efficiency.
Environmental Management: Redirect fluids to prevent spills, manage overflow, or support
environmental protection measures.

IMPORTANCE
Reverse pump stations are crucial for systems that need flexibility in flow direction. They
enhance operational capabilities, improve maintenance processes, and support sustainable
practices by facilitating fluid recycling and reclamation.

REVERSE PUMPING ROUTE

Russia  Haldia Port  Barauni  Dumar  Sonapur  Madarighat  Bongaigaon 

Guwahati  Sekoni  Jorhat  Moran  Duliajan  STF
REPEATER STATIONS
Repeater stations in Oil India Limited (OIL) play a crucial role in ensuring the efficient and
continuous operation of oil and gas pipelines. These stations are strategically placed along the
pipeline route to amplify and retransmit signals for communication and control, as well as to
maintain the pressure of the oil or gas being transported.

The importance of Repeater stations are:

> To supply the electrical current through pipes for cathodic protection.
> To carry out pigging operations.
> Relaying voice data signal to other stations.

There are all total 17 Repeater stations :

RS-1: Madhuri RS-2: Baduli Park

RS-3: Kaziranga RS-4: Nagaon
RS-5: Jagiroad RS-6, RS-7: B.G.Hill
RS-8: Dharampur RS-9: Barpeta
RS-10: Pratapkhata RS-11: Chepani
RS-12: Binaguri RS-13: Udalbari
RS-14: Kishanganj RS-15: Belgachi
RS-16: Thanabiphur RS-17: Khagaria