a Volume: 11 | Issue: 02 | Pages: 100 | December 2022 THE COMPLETE MAGAZINE ON OPEN SOURCE 'ForYou| én GROUP rusicaion plese pee Ls 1 A A ays Ld \"/ io “A175 @ IoC.) @ { ot te. vo @ Lateline dll ete ett! ~ > Na ; ° aS 2 e ww a Make A Calories Burn Prediction S@)- The Connect Between Open On A Fitness Tracker Data Set - Source And The Metaverse 3!) »))www com DO OPEN SOURCE. All you need to do is develop expertise in an Open Source stack, and then build a team around it! ‘And, Open Source For You can be your friend and a guide through this journey. I TTUITIA Visit: htps:isubscribe tyindiacom TO READ OUR EZINE EDITION Visit: htps./ezine.tymag.com Looking for marketing solutions to engage with cuting edge techies? Contact myoiz@elyin OR eal us at +91-981 115Does Your Antivirus Solution Provide Sade oad ee) ATOR Tre Rule Lp Colma ACLU Co coho MOM olac Moles) Ao ak Lee Ronsomware File Protection ATP. 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Solutions India Private Limited ‘SOPHOS 2020 BEST NEXTGEN PARTNER | Dein NCR 1.8805, OkhlaIndustial Area, Okhla Phase | New Dehi-110020 Jaipur ‘SOPHOS 2010 BEST NEXTGEN PARTNER | Delhi NCR swermantereor pr 01-47695000« Ema sles tsipcom + WwMNs.com ‘SOPHOS 2018 BEST SI PARTNER | DelhiCON T EN T Ss DECEMBER 2022 | IsSN-2456-4885 FORU&ME_____ BB 4 FOCUS 46 State of Open Source: ‘Trends, Insights and Lessons The Evolution of lot Architecture Innovative Lessons from Ladakh for Rest of the World Why Private 5G Services are Using Apache Beam to Pipeline and Process Data Needed for Implementing Industry 4.0 "9 The Connect Between Open Source and the Metaverse UrBackup on Ubuntu DEVELOPERS —___________ pen Source Tools for Data Monetization: A Quick Look OPEN GURUS How to Make a Calories Burn Prediction on a Fitness Tracker Data Set ‘Onboard lloT Devices Seamlessly with the FDO Standard R Series: Correlation RAWGraphs: The No-Code Data Visualisation Tool Connecting Arduino to eames ICN FEATURES ‘ARobot that can Dream, Cy Mes TC Recognise and Greet Visitors 4 | DECEMBER 2022 | OPEN SOURCE FOR YOU | wawOpenSourceFortcamPIONEERS IN TECHNOLOGY. GROUP PARTNERS IN SUCCESS. pale fortron cy i a? we Mr Ajwani is not the only one who owes his success to Electronics For You, The technology magazine that started off in 1969 is today, South Asia's most popular one. Covering the latest on emerging technologies, changing industry trends, evolving trade practices... Not surprisingly, top decision makers and those high up on the corporate ladder in the electronics fraternity treat EFY as their Bible © Over half a million readers © Indin's largest selling technology magazine © Caters to the entire electronics fraternity '0.87/1, Ota Industral Area, Phase 1, New Dei-20 + Ph: 011-26810601/0208 + Em nto@elyin + wa.lectoncstaru.comoma, suascuPnons BEATING soveseuens It's the Era of Conversational Al — Testing SaltStack Environment with Setting Up an Email Server — KitchenSalt, Docker and Testinfra__ with Carbonio CE 6 | DECEMBE FORYOU | wnShell signs MoU to help decarbonise businesses in China Shell has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Sinopec, Baowu and BASF to find out the possibility of developing an open source carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) project in the East China region, “The four parties intend to conduct a joint study to assess the technical solutions and develop a commercial model for the project. The study will also explore to establish high-integrity and verified low-carbon product supply chains and propose enabling policies. If successful, it will be China’s first large-scale open-source CCUS project with a potential capacity of tens of million tonnes of CO™ per year,” said a press release from Shell Shell has mooted that an open source project may give industrial firms sicuated near the middle and lower banks of the Yangtze River chances to capture and store their CO? emissions. If this idea is effective, CO* emissions from industrial businesses in the East China region may be captured too. These emissions may then be delivered to a receiving terminal via CO? carrier ships, where they would subsequently be transported via brief pipelines to onshore and offshore storage facilities. According to Shell, this might present a flexible, effective, and integrated decarbonisation option for businesses in the area. ‘With an estimated 2,400 gigatonnes of storage capacity, China has significant geological potential for storing carbon, second only to the USA. Gitpod raises US$ 25 million in funding Gitpod GmbH, a startup open source developer platform, has raised USS 25 million in fresh funding to establish ‘cloud development environments The Series A investment was led by Tom Preston-Wemer, the creator and former CEO of GitHub. Other notable individual investors include General Catalyst, Crane Venture Partners, Vertex Ventures US, Speedinvest, Pebblebed, GTMfund, and MongoDB Ventures. According to information from Crunchbase, Gitpod has now raised USS 14 million in total, including the fesh capital Gitpod, a 2019 startup, provides an online integrated development environment that can be opened from any GitHub page in a web browser. It offers a fully functional programming environment with suppor for desktop or browser-based VS wiv. OpenSaurceFarUcom FOSSBYTES Matt Klein, Envoy's creator, is busy plumbing’ the system Envoy, an open source edge and service proxy for cloud-native applications, was developed by Matt Klein, a software engineer at Lyf, in 2015, in order to bridge the gap between various application frameworks and programming languages. In 2017, he contributed it 10 the Cloud Native Computing Foundation. As a result ofits widespread use, Klein now devotes a large portion of his time to maintaining the Envoy's plumbing, and calls himself a ‘plumber’ on his ‘Twitter handle. AtKubeCon + CloudNativeCon NA 2022, Klein discussed the industry with analysts John Fursier and Savannah Peterson in an exclusive interview that ‘was televised on theCUBE, SiliconANGLE Media's livestreaming studio. They talked about the most recent Envoy version and new developer- oriented open source tools. Envoy Gateway, which aims to increase accessibility for API platforms that wish to work with eloud-native tools like service meshes and Kubernetes, ‘was added to the edge proxy in June this year. “The goal of Envoy Gateway is to make it easier for people to run Envoy within Kuberetes as an ingress controller,” Klein said. “We ‘want to provide Envoy Gateway as a way of onboarding more users into the Envoy ecosystem and making Envoy the default API gateway or edge proxy within Kubernetes.” OPEN SOU FORVOU | DECEMBER 2022 | 7ma FOSSBYTES Grafana Labs announces {wo new open source tools Grafana Labs Inc. has made available two open source tools that will assist developers in streamlining their applications and fixing bugs more quickly. The New York based company is funded to the tune of more than US$ 535 million by Sequoia Capital, Coatue, and other investors, One ofthe most well-liked open source solutions for spotting technical problems in IT infrastructure, Grafana, was created by the company, Grafana Phlare isthe frst new ‘open source product that Grafana Labs has introduced. It enables programmers to monitor CPU usage, memory needs, and other hardware consumption parameters cof an application. Grafana claims thatthe data supplied by Phlare can assist developers in locating chances to improve the resource- efficiency of their product. ‘The second open source product that has been unveiled is Grafana Faro, It will assist developers in identifying any technological problems that can harm an application's user interface. ‘The technology gathers technical information regarding conceivable flaws and makes it accessible via a centralised monitoring dashboard {9 GrafanaLabs Developers typically need to add a sizable amount of so- called instrumentation code to an application's code base in order to gather information about faults in the application. According to Grafana, Faro makes the procedure simpler. The startup claims that two lines of code allow the tool to be deployed in ‘a matter of seconds. 022 | OPEN SOURCE FOR YOU Code or any JetBrains integrated development environment, enabling developers to start coding in only a few seconds. The exact project that is being updated is automatically configured in a separate cloud based Linux container. Gitpod’s platform was being used by more than 350,000 developers as of its ‘most recent investment round in April 2021, This figure has gone up to 750,000 people. Gitpod is used by developer teams at notable organisations like Google LLC, GitLab Inc., DataStax Inc., and Amazon Web Services Inc. The organisation guarantees instantaneous accessibility and offers secure development settings. A workspace plugin system, application programming interfaces, and enhanced extensibility are on the development agenda, Dyndrite is now compatible with the new open vector format Dyndrite has announced compatibility ofits Dyndrite Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) software with the open vector format (OVF) created by the RWTH Aachen University Chair Digital Additive Production DAP, Scientists at RWTH Aachen University created the open source OVF data format to offer a simplified, information-ich data interface between digital and physical processes. This enables a solid and effective manufacturing process, and also has “a number of advantages over existing formats like CLI and 3ME.” With the help ofa wide range of tools that cover file conversion to OVF fies, iegrity check routines, and contour, parameter, and layer checks, LPBF process- relevant metadata about manufacturing parameters, laser powder, and scanning speed can be efficiently transported along the process chain with OVE, These tools are available on the OVF GitHub The lack of a standardised format forthe output data of LPBF processes, according to Dyndrie, isa challenge that has been solved by RWTH Aachen University’s creation of OVF. Dyndrite has integrated OVF export functionality directly into its Application Development Kit (ADK) and LPBF products through a partnership with RWTH Aachen University "We developed OVE because there was no satisfactory format for 2.5-dimensional data that was both open-readable and contained additional information besides the actual toolpath,” said Moritz Kolter, group manager digital production, RWTH Aachen University Chait Digital Addltive Production DAP. ‘OVE, however, is able to process data aftr slicing in a performant, readable vw OpenSourcefer comFOSSBYTES al manner and i also abe to link other information such as 3D part data or metadata. Viasat and cyan partner This is especially important in order to have a fully linked end-to-end data chain to increase connectivity that will drive the industrialisation of AM. For example, we use it for advanced services globally production planning or part orientation algorithms to further promote the Viasat, Inc, a global sustainable and efficient use of technologies such as LPBE.” ‘communications company, has signed an agreement leveraging KGS releases GIRYPTO, a new open source IP for Web5 cyan's BSS/OSS platform to With the beginning of its multi-phase GIRYPTO NFT project, Malaysian comic facilitate the expansion of global book publisher Kadokawa Gempak Starz (KGS) is launching a brand new open ‘connectivity and communication source intellectual property (IP) for Webs (Web3 + Web2) named GIRYPTO. KGS _ services. cyan AG is a European and is bringing value to the metaverse with the launch of this IP as it forays into the ‘globally active supplier of BSS/OSS blockchain industry. platform services and intelligent ‘cybersecurity solutions for the telecom industry. The BSS/OSS platform from ‘cyan provides communication service providers with a one-stop- shop solution with flexibility and MAKE EVERYTHING scalability. Real-time charging, network integration, product administration, customer service, \InRYr70 eee eta management are all supported by EUEaS the architecture. TO ANYTHING More Viasat end users can benefit from its satellite connectivity in challenging-to-reach regions around the world thanks to cyan's BSS/OSS platform. It is anticipated that Viasat’ satellite constellation, GIRYPTO is the first open source IP in the comic book industry, which is what _-ViaSat-3, will be able to supply ‘makes itso special. Anyone and everyone is free to copy and distribute GIRYPTO —_—_even more bandwidth, leading to contents in any format or medium, as well as remix, adapt, and build upon them an increase in speed, data, and for any purpose, even commercially, under the terms of the CC BY-SA 40 licence __ streaming choices. agreement, as long as proper acknowledgment is given. ‘The GIRYPTO NFT project is the first of many GIRYPTO projects that will be introduced. The GIRYPTO Fables NFT series was made available to the public on November 11, 2022. Chibi (cute) illustrations of GIRYPTO characters are included in this NFT series. There are 3,000 pieces available ofthis free-to- ‘mint series. The Fables series also serves as a mint pass for the GIRYPTO Epics NFT series, scheduled to debut in December 2022 ‘The Epics series, on the other hand, only has 999 pieces and shows the characters in their true form, Fans are advised to keep up with the news as “We are entering a new phase KGS is also working with renowned comic creators from Japan’s Kadokawa __ for our digital BSS/OSS platform Corporation to develop crossovers that wll be featured in some of its together with Viasat. Viasat is our GIRYPTO NFTs. ‘worldwide satellite provider we welcome as customer, and we are S3crets Scanner searches for ‘secrets’ confident that others will follow as in AWS S3 buckets rural areas in almost all continents Researchers and red-teamers can look for ‘secrets’ accidentally saved in publicly will hve a higher demand to bring accessible or company-owned Amazon AWS 83 storage buckets using the connectivity solutions o every new open source ‘S3crets Scanner’. Companies frequently utilise Amazon $3 person around the globe,” said Prank (Simple Storage Service, a cloud storage service, to store software, services, von Seth, CEO of cyan. and data in bucket-like containers. ‘wivw.OpenSourceFarU.cam | OFEN SOU FORVOU | DECEMBER 2022 | 9ma FOSSBYTES ‘The $3 buckets may also store ‘secrets’, which include authentication keys, ActiveState will help access tokens, and API keys, in addition to application data. These files may be software vendors comply source code or configuration files. Threat actors may be given much wider access with White House mandate wo other services or even the company’s corporate network if these secrets are ActiveState the first open source unlawfully disclosed and made available to them. software platform to offer the crucial element of software supply chain security with the announcement of the availability of open source software attestations. A comprehensive set of recommendations from the National Instirute of Standards and Technology (NIST) that has been accepted by the White House includes the ability to receive self-attestation forall third-party software and the capacity to create a software bill of materials (SBOM). A recent White House directive mandates that by june 12, 2023, all essential software that interacts in any way with government data ‘Security researcher Eilon Harel learned that there are no tools for detecting ‘or systems must meet these new unintentional data breaches during an exercise looking at SEGA’s recent asset security requirements. By September exposure. As a result, he decided to build his own automated scanner and publish it 14, 2023, all software must abide by as an open source application on GitFlub. Harel developed the Python utility called ‘these stringent requirements. “S3erets Scanner’ to aid in the quick identification of expased secrets on public S3 Most firms do not buckets. 1 automatically completes the following tasks: carefully maintain open source Gets a list of public buckets using CSPM provenance. While some very ‘© Uses API requests to display the bucket’s content large organisations may have the Looks for any exposed text files systems and procedures in place to * Downloads the necessary text documents comply with the mandate, this will * Looks for secrets in the content be a costly process for everyone ‘= Sends outcomes to SIEM else, They run a very real risk of Prior to downloading the text files for the ‘secrets scanning? stage, the list is missing the White House deadline filtered to remove any buckets that were created with the intention of being made for compliance as a result public. The Trufflehog3 tool, an enhanced Go-based variation of the secrets scanner By automatically generating that can check for credentials and private keys on GitHub, GitL.ab, file systems, and ‘each artefact from source code via '83 buckets, will be used by the script while scanning a bucket to look at the text ‘a cloud-scale vendoring system, files’ contents. the ActiveState platform provides transparent provenance and custody ‘Siren and ShadowDragon collaborate to enhance chain, certifications for each investigation solutions package, and an SBOM that lists A strategie partnership between Siren, a provider of investigative intelligence every piece of software. It helps analytics, and ShadowDragon, a supplier of open source intelligence (OSINT) manage and resolve complex open _uique data sets and APIs, has been announced. This partnership will make it easier source dependencies automatically. for moder investigations to find, gather, and sort open source data. By eliminating the time, The Siren platform is used in search and discovery operations as well as ‘complexity, and danger associated investigation solutions all around the world, It conducts enterprise-wide search ‘with adopting open source, and offers sets of connections that make it possible to clearly visualise and explore software developers may safeguard relationships between records. The range of datatypes utilised in open source their supply chain and satisfy intelligence is supported by Siren even the most demanding security Siren may now resell ShadowDragon data, making it possible to obtain the data standards by using ActiveState through straightforward contracts. Both on-premises and cloud implementations of as a trusted vendor. the offering are supported. Numerous customers in the United States, Europe, the 10 | ECEMBER 2072 | OFEN SOLACE FOR YOU | ww OpenSoueMidalle East, Asia, and Latin America employ ShadowDragon solutions, Fortune 50, businesses, as well as domestic and foreign law enforcement, government, military, and intelligence organisations, are included in ths. Analysts are helped by Siren’s user-friendly interface as they look for significant bad guys. Siren combines information from various sources in real-time as events take place. The ability of Siren to onboard data using its fluid schema makes it suitable for the depth of open source intelligence provided by ShadowDragon. Itis, crucial to combine the new data with the current data in a seamless environment. Siren gives analysts the ability to combine old-school and cutting-edge forms of intelligence into a unified view Directus receives US$ 7 million in funding In order to create an open data platform, which instantly adds an API and auractive no-code apps to any SQL database, Directs, an open source software business focused on democratising data across the organisation, has raised USS 7 million in Series A financing. True Ventures led the round with participation from seed investor Handshake Ventures Bose, Adobe, and TripAdvisor are just a few of the companies that use Directus to power and grow their internal data tools and digital experiences. The company provides an expandable, fully open source platform that enables both developers and business users to maximise the value of the data within, their organisation. Directus says it helps save development time for data-driven initiatives by 40 to 60 per cent by enabling anybody within an organisation to explore, manage, and display all business data, Anew or existing SQL database may be installed on top of the 100 per cent JavaScript-based Directus platform, which instantly provides business customers with a no-code app and strong developer tools without the need for any migration or proprietary vendor lock-in. Engineers gain from automatic REST+GraphQL APIs and a developer toolkit that has integrated authentication, granular permissions, unique data workflows, automation and alerting, reporting and analytics, among other features. FOSSBYTES m= Merkle Tree Proof of Reserves solution is now open source ‘The Merkle Tree Proof of Reserves solution from the cryptocurrency exchange Gate.io is now open source, said Gate.io's founder and CEO, Dr Lin Han, The exchange ‘welcomes other exchanges to obtain consulting and advisory support, It believes that other platforms can adopt its open source solution to promote transparency and industry health In 2020, Gate.io was the first to do Proof of Reserves audits in this way in collaboration with the US company Armanino LLP. The two recently finished another audit, ‘According to a report by Armanino LLP, Gate.io has excess reserves of BTC and ETH, with respective holdings of 108 per cent and 104 per cent. Since releasing the new audit this year, Gate io has made a point of emphasising its dedication to boosting market confidence and has expressed the hope that other ‘exchanges will do the same. The audit solution from Gate io integrates cryptographic Merkle Trees, one of the fundamental building blocks of blockchain technology, with third- party certifications. Tepromotes the openness of users’ balances on exchanges by enabling them to openly and independently confirm their assets are included in the audit, Itis now ‘open source and freely usable by any exchange ‘SourceForUcom | OPEN SQURCEFOR YOU | DECEMBER 2022 | 14=f FOSSBYTES ‘The money comes at a time when the company is experiencing enormous, Netcracker receives worldwide growth. Last year, the Directus team expanded from two to over twenty, Frost & Sullivan's with hundreds of contributions. Technology Innovation . cone ., Leader award Open source is flourishing: GitHub report ‘The 2022 Company of the Year Some unexpected new trends that are influencing and reshaping the developer award for Asia-Pacific OSS/BSS community have been outlined in GitHtub’s most recent report on te state of open and the 2022 Technology Innovation _ source software. The survey concluded that Australia is one ofthe fastest-growing Leader award for Global OSS/BSS developer communities in the Asia-Pacific region, and that many other communities have both been given to Netcracker _ allover the world are also growing in size, despite the fact that the developer ‘Technology. These awards honour _—_ environment still faces a number of obstacles. Netcracker’s leadership and top-tier technological innovation ‘The analytics company listed a numberof factors for the recognition, including fostering innovation in fields like OSS, RAN, private 5G networks, ‘and multi-cloud, The numerous clients that Netcracker’s BSS and OSS solutions have had a demonstrably Positive impact on around the world ‘were also mentioned by Frost & Sullivan, including Virgin Media 02, Zain Saud Arabia, Vodafone Oman, ‘Telenet, Globe Telecom, T-Mobile, Etisalat, Deutsche Telekom, and Sky New Zealand. “Netcracker's SG, cloud, and [According to the repor’s statistics, 94 million people use GitHub, and 90 per digital OSS/BSS service offerings __cent of businesses employ open source software, Additionally, there were 413 have collectively helped CSPs drive million contributions to open source in total in 2022. Infrastructure as Code (aC), the adoption of more innovative the growth of open source communities, and OSS contributors and their preferences technologies, such as for the digital were the three key trends inthe research economy, by equipping them with FHL was found tobe the fastest-growing language, with developers also using the speed, flexibility and expertise Shell and Go language in 2022. There was an uptake in commercially backed needed to capitalise on rapidly projects, and successful open source projects saw salaried developers make regular ‘evolving and emerging technologies, contributions on behalf of their employers. including 5G, Internet of Things The research indicated that new OSS contributors tended to favour projects with (oT) and industry automation,” said financial support from businesses, The figures showed that 50 por cont of first-time Mel Lee Quah, associate director, contributors worked on commercially sponsored projects. ICT Practice at Frost & Sullivan | “Receiving these award from Speedb open sources its data engine a well-respected analyst firm like ‘Speedb (www:speedb.io), which created the RocksDB drop-in replacement Speedb Frost & Sullivan means a great deal data engine, is making the technology it has been providing ints enterprise edition tos,” said Ari Banerjee, senior vice for the previous two yeas available as open source. president of strategy at Netcracker With Speedb’s open source data engine, the developer community has a chance “We are working with many customers to influence the data architecture ofthe future. Users and collaborators of Speed around the world, including the and RocksDB can interact and exchange information, problems, and solutions in the Asia-Pacific region — on large-scale Speedb open source community. digital transformation programs, BSSY RocksDB, a derivative of Google’s LevelDB that Facebook released (08S consolidation and creation and __as open source in 2012, is the ce facto industry standard for embedded key supportof new business models~so value stores (KVS). The Speedb community fill void inthe KVS arena these awards area ily meaningful as RocksDB popularity grows to include a wider range of use cases and recognition of our effort.” deployment circumstances by offering developers new ideas, support, and services to meet changing needs. 12 | DECEMBER 2022 | OPEN SOURCE FOR YOU ww OpenSourceFerU comRocksDB is widely used, but its scaling issues necessitate sharding and performance tuning, which take up excessive amounts of developer time as applications expand. The Write Amplification Factor (WAF) of RocksDB was reduced from 30 to 5 thanks to a compaction method that Speedb developed, along with the database's /O and flow algorithms. Speedb will collaborate with the open source community to tackle problems like the expansion of metadata, which is having an increasingly negative influence on the performance of databases, streaming apps, AVML, cybersecurity, analytics, and more, Users of RocksDB can incorporate the Speedb data engine into their apps with a few lines of simple code changes to improve metadata memory performance and free up time-consuming operational duties. Netflix moves to GPAC open source software from Motion Spell After an 18-month transition period, Netflix is implementing GPAC open source software from Motion Spell across its global content operations. Open source software called the GPAC Project on Advanced Content offers a modular multimedia framework for packin; broadcasting, examining, and playing content, It offers a variety of tools for handling media content and places a big emphasis on standards, Netflix’s research and development team collaborated with Motion Spell, ‘a media technology software and consulting firm, for the implementation, The streaming platform needed a reliable packaging solution that was versatile and furure-proof. The GPAC open source software is licensed exclusively to Motion Spell for commercial use. Romain Bouqueau, CEO of Motion Spel, said, “Netflix is a company with an exceptional team, clear goals and an innovative R&D programme. Combining our expertise made the transition process to GPAC very efficient. We're delighted that Netflix has gained in flexibility, while GPAC has gained a customer who respects, the value of open source software.” Anne Aaron, director of encoding technologies at Netflix, added, “As part of our strategy to build a flexible and efficient packaging platform, we needed a strong, partner with deep expertise ofthe best encoding and packaging tools. Working with i SourceforL.cam Motion Spell helped make the entire process of integration incredibly easy.” For more news, visit \wiew.opensourceforu.com FOSSBYTES m= Swisscom and Netcracker extend collaboration ‘Telecom provider Swisscom has expanded its engagement ‘with Neteracker for enhanced professional services and OSS (operations support system) to support converged B2C and B2B services Nec In order to serve the operator's new IP transport domain, Swisscom will develop its use of Netcracker Digital OSS, including Active Resource Inventory as. well as Service Management and Orchestration, and Hybrid Resource Management. To support the new engagement, Swisscom is also utilising Agile product delivery and Netcracker’s product support. Swisscom will gain from reduced OpEx and a speedier UUme to market by focusing ‘on self-sufficient DevOps and configuration capabilities for the IP transport sector “We've experienced a lot of success over the years through our strong partnership with Netcracker,” said Peter van der Lee, head of IT at Swisscom. “With this further ‘commitment, we are looking forward to supporting new lines of business and our journey to the cloud.” “Netcracker is truly humbled to have the trust of Swisscom through many different engagements,” said Benedetto Spaziani, GM at Neteracker. “As we expand our offerings with ‘Swisscom and facilitate the path to the cloud, we are grateful forthe ‘opportunity to work with a modem and innovative company.” OPEN SOURCE FOR YOU | DECEMBER 8ey Overview State of Open Source: Trends, Insights and Lessons The open source world is in a state of constant evolution, with new trends emerging continuously at a pretty quick pace. Here’s a summary of what has been happening in the recent past in this world, and especially at GitHub, to help developers analyse what the future holds. GitHub itHub, as we all know, is a ccode hosting platform where “the world builds software. ‘Over 83 million developers and more than four million organisations are using it today. The open source ‘ecosystem itself is seeing more than 2.6 billion contributions per year, thousands of open source communities, and more than 200 million private and public repositories. So, essentially this is where alot of the activity around ‘open source development is happening today. Just last year, over 16 million new users joined the platform. About 661 million new repositories and 170 million pull requests also got merged. India is witnessing a lot of open source contributions as well as ‘development inthis space. There are more than 8 million users of GitHub in the ‘country. Over 200 million contributions to open source came from India in the last -yeat alone. Its also important to note that more than 10 million software projects ‘around the world depend on packages that ‘were created in India, Let us now talk about communities, documentation, and about developer experience along with the latest trends Communities GitHub welcomed more than 1.4 million new contributors to the open 14 | DECEMBER 2022 | OPEN SOURCE FOR YOU | www OpenSourceFer com source community lst yeat. This has allowed it to continue to build software and pass it across the world, In 2021, there were more than three million people who were contributing to open source projects forthe firs time, and this number only seems to be growing. Good mentorship can really help these firs time contributors and is an important community asset. When new contributors get friendly and timely reviews, and there isa commitment to ‘mentorship from the team, there is a positive effect on productivity. healthy, collaborative and strong culture can actually reduce the need for mentorship itself. People who are interested in open source can get wolved through special interest groups, not just deep technical communities. Ifyou look (refer to Figure 1) atthe percentage of contributors who have ‘opened an account over the past two ‘years, you can see alot of repositories that are geting developers started with their open source journey. The topics in these repositories include gaming, manga, science education, and much more, Developers tend to first contribute Jnthese areas and then move on to the deep technical community. Documentation Documentation is key to geting any developer or open source contributor started, Regardless ofthe format, documentation is important. Building cn top of someone else's work ina community can help accelerate one’s growth, Documentation also often