Hematology Signs and Tests Treatment Nursing Diagnosis Nursing Treatment

Disease Symptoms
Fatigue, weakness, CBC (low Iron supplements, Fatigue related to decreased Administer iron
pale or yellowish hemoglobin, dietary changes, blood oxygen-carrying capacity of the supplements as prescribed,
Anemia skin, irregular hematocrit), transfusions in severe blood. encourage a diet rich in iron
heartbeats, reticulocyte count, cases. (red meat, spinach),
shortness of breath, peripheral smear. monitor hemoglobin and
dizziness. hematocrit levels.
Fatigue, pallor, CBC (pancytopenia), Immunosuppressive Risk for infection related to Monitor for signs of
Aplastic shortness of breath, bone marrow biopsy, therapy, bone marrow decreased WBC count, risk for infection, maintain strict
Anemia easy bruising or reticulocyte count. transplant, blood bleeding due to aseptic techniques,
(Pancytopenia bleeding, frequent transfusions, antibiotics thrombocytopenia. transfuse blood products as
) infections. for infections. needed, provide supportive
care.
Fatigue, pale skin, CBC (low Iron supplements (oral or Imbalanced nutrition related to Educate patient on iron-rich
Iron weakness, cold hemoglobin, low IV), dietary changes to inadequate intake of iron. foods, monitor for
Deficiency extremities, brittle MCV), ferritin levels, increase iron intake. improvement in symptoms,
Anemia nails, inflamed iron studies. ensure compliance with
tongue. iron therapy.
Fatigue, shortness CBC (macrocytic Vitamin B12 injections or Risk for altered mental function Administer vitamin B12 as
of breath, pale or anemia), vitamin oral supplements. due to vitamin B12 deficiency. prescribed, monitor
Pernicious jaundiced skin, B12 levels, intrinsic neurological symptoms,
Anemia glossitis, numbness factor antibodies. educate on importance of
or tingling in ongoing therapy.
hands/feet, memory
issues.
Episodes of pain Hemoglobin Pain management, blood Acute pain related to vaso- Administer prescribed pain
(crisis), anemia, electrophoresis, CBC transfusions, occlusive crisis, risk for infection relief, provide hydration,
Sickle Cell swelling in hands (low hemoglobin), hydroxyurea, bone due to splenic dysfunction. educate on preventing
Anemia and feet, frequent reticulocyte count, marrow transplant in triggers, monitor for
infections, delayed peripheral smear severe cases. infection and give
growth, vision (sickle cells). prophylactic antibiotics.
problems.
Headaches, CBC (elevated RBC, Phlebotomy, aspirin to Risk for ineffective tissue Perform phlebotomy as
dizziness, excessive WBC, platelets), reduce clot risk, perfusion due to increased blood ordered, monitor for
Polycythemia sweating, visual erythropoietin level, medications to suppress viscosity. thrombotic events, educate
Vera disturbances, bone marrow biopsy. bone marrow production. on lifestyle changes to
pruritus, reduce clotting risks.
hypertension, ruddy
complexion.
Bleeding from CBC, PT, aPTT, fibrin Treat underlying cause, Risk for bleeding related to Monitor for bleeding,
Disseminated multiple sites degradation transfusion of platelets, abnormal clotting factor administer blood products
Intravascular (gums, IV sites), products (D-dimer), FFP, or cryoprecipitate, consumption, risk for impaired as prescribed, monitor
Coagulation bruising, platelet count, heparin in some cases. tissue perfusion. coagulation panel
(DIC) hypotension, organ fibrinogen levels. frequently, treat underlying
failure (in severe cause promptly.
cases).
Excessive bleeding, CBC, clotting factor Clotting factor Risk for injury related to bleeding Administer clotting factor
easy bruising, assays (Factor VIII or replacement therapy, disorder. replacements as
Hemophilia prolonged bleeding IX deficiency), aPTT. antifibrinolytic prescribed, educate on
after injury/surgery, medications, avoiding trauma, monitor
spontaneous joint desmopressin for mild for signs of internal
bleeding. hemophilia A. bleeding, ensure safe
environment.
Easy bruising, CBC (low platelets), Steroids, IV Risk for bleeding related to low Monitor platelet count,
Idiopathic petechiae, bone marrow biopsy immunoglobulins, platelet count. avoid invasive procedures,
Thrombocytop prolonged bleeding, to rule out other platelet transfusions in provide bleeding
enic Purpura fatigue, bleeding causes, peripheral severe cases, precautions, educate on
(ITP) gums or nose, smear. splenectomy in avoiding medications that
heavy menstrual refractory cases. can worsen bleeding (e.g.,
periods. NSAIDs).
Fatigue, frequent CBC (elevated or low Chemotherapy, radiation Risk for infection related to Implement neutropenic
infections, WBC, low RBC, therapy, bone marrow immunosuppression, risk for precautions, monitor for
unexplained weight platelets), bone transplant, targeted bleeding due to infection, provide emotional
Leukemia loss, swollen lymph marrow biopsy, flow therapy (depending on thrombocytopenia. support, monitor blood
nodes, easy cytometry the type of leukemia). counts, administer
bruising or chemotherapy as
bleeding, night prescribed.
sweats.