Nitte college of pharmaceutical sciences

PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (BP605 T)

Long Essay:
UNIT I
1.Explain the different methods of immobilization of enzyme with their advantages and
disadvantages And give its applications

2.What are biosensors? Explain their Principles ,working and the types with pharmaceutical
applications.

SHORT ESSAY
1.Describe the production and uses of Penicillinase
2.Describe the production and uses of amylase.

3.Describe the production and uses of lipase and proteases

4.Describe the production and uses of catalase.

5.List out any four advantages of Enzyme Immobilization.

6.Production of enzymes from microbial sources.

7.Explain the method for determination of immobilized amylase activity.

8.How to make sodium alginate beads in calcium chloride solution?

SHORT ANSWERS
1.List out any four applications of enzymes in medicine.

2.Write any four applications of immobilised enzymes.

3Name any four natural polymers used for immobilization.

4..Name any four disadvantages of immobilization.

5.Write any four pharmaceutical applications of biosensors.

6.Write any four pharmaceutical applications of biotechnology.

7.Write any four synthetic polymers used for immobilisation of enzymes

12.Write any four applications of proteases

13.What is protein engineering?

15.Write any four advantages of immobilised enzymes.

16.Mention any two methods of immobilisation techniques.

UNIT 2
LONG ESSAY
1.Describe the production of hepatitis B vaccine.

2.Write a detailed note on cloning vectors.

3Describe the production of Hepatitis B vaccine. Write a note on plasmid vectors.

4.Describe the production of insulin by r DNA technology

5.Write in detail three different vectors used in genetic engineering.

6.Describe the general method of recombinant DNA technology.

SHORT ESSAY

1..Explain the production of interferons by rDNA technology.

2.Describe the production of hormone insulin

3.List out the applications of genetic engineering in medicine.

4.What are cloning vectors? Explain the features of pBR322.

5.Describe the technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

6.What are molecular scissors. Explain their role in recombinant DNA technology.

7.Explain the production of hepatitis B vaccine by rDNA technology.

8.Explain Polymerase chain reaction with applications.

9.What are restriction enzymes? Explain the types and their role in genetic engineering.

SHORT ANSWERS
1.What are plasmids. Give one example.

2.What are cosmid vectors?

3.Write any four applications of PCR.

4.Enlist the different types of vectors used in genetic engineering.

5.What do you mean by plasmid.

6.Write any four applications of interferons.

7.What are restriction endonuclease enzymes? Give two examples.

UNIT 3
SHORT ESSAY
.1.Describe the structure and functions of MHC.

2.Describe the production of monoclonal antibodies by hybridoma technology.

3.Explain the general method of the preparation of viral vaccine.

4.Write a note on serum –immune blood derivatives.

5.Describe ELISA test with its applications.

6.Classify vaccines giving examples.Write the difference between toxins and toxoids.

7.What are monoclonal antibodies? Describe different methods of purification of MAb.

8.Describe the structure of Immunoglobulin

9.Explain the production of antibodies from B lymphocytes.

10.Describe the structure of Immunoglobulin.

11.Outline the general method for the preparation of antitoxin.

12.Write the role of lymphocytes in immunity.

13.Outline the general method for the preparation of bacterialtoxoids.

14.Write a note on Immune stimulation and Immune suppression.

15.Write the production of killed bacterial vaccines.

16.Write a note on storage and stability of vaccines.

17.Outline the general method for the preparation of live attenuated bacterial vaccines.

18.What are vaccines? Classify the types with examples.

19..Classify immunity. Write the difference between active and passive immunity

20.Outline the general method for the preparation of live attenuated bacterial vaccines.

SHORT ANSWERS
1.Write the different types of heavy chains and light chains in immunoglobulin molecules

2.List out different types of hypersensitivity reactions.

3.Write any four properties of Immunoglobulin M.

4.What is HAT medium. Write its role in selection of hybridoma cells.

5.List out different types of hypersensitivity reactions.

6 Write the functions of MHC.

7.Define immunity. List the types of immunity.

8.What is immune suppression? Give two example for immunosuppressive agent.

9.Write the role of CD4 cell in immune reaction.

10.Write the different types of heavy chains and light chains in immunoglobulin molecules

11.Name two methods of preparation of viral vaccine.

12.Define hybridoma technology. Write two applications.

13.What is immune suppression? Give two examples for immunosuppressive agent.

14.Write any four properties of Immunoglobulin G.

15.What are the conditions for storage of official vaccines?

16.What is humoral immunity?

17 Define immunoglobulins.

18What is hypersensitivity? Write the types.

UNIT 4
SHORT ESSAY
1.Describe ELISA test with its applications.
2.Describe the Southern blot test. How does it differ from Western blot test?

3.What is Mutation and explain the different types of mutation.

4.Write in brief about transformation with suitable examples.

5.Write briefly about different types of mutation and give its significance.

6.Describe the Southern blot test with its applications.

7.Explain different types of mutagenic agents.

.8 Explain briefly, transformation, transduction and conjugation.

9.Explain different types of mutations.

10.Write a note on microbial biotransformation in production of steroidal medicinal agents.

11.What is biotransformation? List out the applications of microbial biotransformation.

12.Write in brief the western blotting technique and mention its application.

13.Explain microbial biotransformation with examples.

SHORT ANSWERS
1.Write any two enzymes and their substrates employed in ELISA.

2.Write any four applications of western blotting?

3..What are point mutation?

4.Expand ELISA and write two applications.

5.Write any four applications of Southern blot test.

6..Write any four applications of western blotting?

7.What are point mutation?

8.Write any four applications of Southern blot test.

9What is chimeric DNA?

.10Write any four differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

11..Write the difference between transposons and episomes.

12..Write the importance of transposons.

13.Define conjugation.

14.Name four mutagenic agent

UNIT 5

LONG ESSAY
1.Explain the production of Griseofulvin and Penicillin by fermentation technology with a neat
labelled flow chart.

2.Describe the production of citric acid by fermentation technology with a neat labelled flow chart.

3.Describe the production of Penicillin by fermentation technology with a neat labelled flow chart

4.Write in detail the different types of fermenters and its applications.

5.Write the design of an industrial fermenter with a neat labelled diagram.

6.Describe the different methods of fermentation. Explain the production of griseofulvin by

fermentation technology with a neat labelled flow chart.

7.Describe the construction and working of a fermenter with a neat labelled diagram.

SHORT ESSAY
1.Define fermentation and write the production of Vitamin B12.

2.List out different blood products and their applications.

3.Write in brief the Collection, Processing and Storage of whole human blood.

.4.Explain the production of penicillin G by fermentation technology.

SHORT ANSWERS
1.Write any four uses of blood products.

2.What are batch culture and continuous cultures?

3.How is fermentation equipments sterilized.

4.Applications of plasma substitutes.

5.List any four factors that affect fermentation process.

6.What are different types of aerators.

7.What are batch culture and continuous cultures?

8.What is protected fermentation?

9.Name any two blood products with applications.

10.Write the source organism and uses of griseofulvin.

11.What is upstream processing? Give two examples.

12.How is fermentation equipments sterilized.

13.What is downstream processing? Give two examples.

14.Write the therapeutic uses of plasma substitutes.