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Australian/New Zealand Standard: Electrical Installations-Generating Sets

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Australian/New Zealand Standard: Electrical Installations-Generating Sets

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Accessed by HOLMESGLEN INSTITUTE on 27 Jul 2017 (Document currency not guaranteed when printed) AS/NZS 3010:2017

Australian/New Zealand Standard™

Electrical installations—Generating sets

AS/NZS 3010:2017
AS/NZS 3010:2017
This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical
Committee EL-001, Wiring Rules. It was approved on behalf of the Council of
Standards Australia on 13 March 2017 and by the New Zealand Standards Approval
Board on 5 April 2017.
This Standard was published on 8 May 2017.

The following are represented on Committee EL-001:

Australian Building Codes Board

Australian Industry Group
Communications, Electrical and Plumbing Union—Electrical Division
Consumers Federation of Australia
Electrical Contractors Association of New Zealand
Electrical Regulatory Authorities Council
Electrical Safety Organisation, New Zealand
ElectroComms and Energy Utilities Industries Skills Council
Energy Networks Association
Engineers Australia
Institute of Electrical Inspectors
Master Electricians Australia
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, New Zealand
National Electrical and Communications Association
National Electrical Switchboard Manufacturers Association
New Zealand Council of Elders
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New Zealand Electrical Institute

New Zealand Manufacturers and Exporters Association

Keeping Standards up-to-date

Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and
systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and
new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued.
Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves
they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which
may have been published since the Standard was purchased.
Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by
visiting the Standards Web Shop at www.saiglobal.com or Standards New Zealand
web site at www.standards.govt.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-
line catalogue.
For more frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and
withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of
update options. For information about these services, users should contact their
respective national Standards organization.
We also welcome suggestions for improvement in our Standards, and especially
encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or
ambiguities. Please address your comments to the Chief Executive of Standards
Australia or the New Zealand Standards Executive at the address shown on the back
cover.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR AS/NZS 3010:2015.
AS/NZS 3010:2017

Australian/New Zealand Standard™

Electrical installations—Generating sets

Accessed by HOLMESGLEN INSTITUTE on 27 Jul 2017 (Document currency not guaranteed when printed)

First published as AS 3010.1—1987.

Revised and redesignated AS/NZS 3010:2005.
Second edition 2017.

COPYRIGHT
© Standards Australia Limited
© The Crown in right of New Zealand, administered by the New Zealand Standards Executive
All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written
permission of the publisher, unless otherwise permitted under the Copyright Act 1968
(Australia) or the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand).
Jointly published by SAI Global Limited under licence from Standards Australia Limited,
GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001 and by Standards New Zealand, PO Box 1473,
Wellington 6140.

ISBN 978 1 76035 745 0

AS/NZS 3010:2017 2

PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand
Committee EL-001, Wiring Rules, to supersede AS/NZS 3010:2005 and AS 2790—1989.
The objective of this Standard is to set out the minimum safety requirements related to the
use of generating sets for the supply of electricity at voltages normally exceeding 50 V a.c.
or 120 V d.c.
This Standard differs from AS/NZS 3010:2005 as follows:
(a) Inclusion of several new figures showing a variety of generator connection methods
which are acceptable and conform with the requirements of this Standard.
(b) The modification of existing figures to show clearly the intent of the associated
clauses, especially in relation to main switches.
(c) The inclusion of some updated provisions of AS 2790 as a normative Appendix of
this document (see Appendix D).
(d) Inclusion of an exception in relation to the mechanical interlock requirements of the
changeover device.
(e) Inclusion of additional definitions, e.g. safety services and essential services.
(f) General reinforcement of the MEN connection requirements.
(g) Clarification of when switching of the neutral conductor is or is not permitted.
(h) Clauses added in relation to carrying out additions, alterations and repairs in line with
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AS/NZS 3000.
(i) Clauses added to clarify the use of three and four pole changeover devices.
(j) Requirements of AS/NZS 3000 where not amended or changed by this Standard
included within the Figures, e.g. mechanical maintenance isolating devices.
Any requirements that may be applicable in Australia only or New Zealand only are
indicated in the text and by a symbol in the right margin as follows:
‘In Australia…………’ A
‘In New Zealand…………’ NZ
Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to Figures and Tables are deemed to be
requirements of this Standard.
The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the
application of the appendices to which they apply. A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral
part of a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ appendix is only for information and guidance.
3 AS/NZS 3010:2017

CONTENTS

Page

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 APPLICATION ........................................................................................................... 4
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS ................................................................................... 5
1.4 DEFINITIONS............................................................................................................. 7
1.5 SYMBOLS .................................................................................................................. 9

SECTION 2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE INSTALLATION OF

GENERATING SETS
2.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 10
2.2 LOCATION ............................................................................................................... 11
2.3 MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROTECTION ................................................... 11
2.4 CONTROL OF GENERATING SET ......................................................................... 12
2.5 EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS .............................................................................. 14
2.6 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION .............................................................................. 15
2.7 ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY (STANDBY) .................................................................. 16
2.8 EARTHING AND BONDING REQUIREMENTS .................................................... 31
2.9 GENERATOR SWITCHBOARDS ............................................................................ 34
2.10 LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEMS .................................................................. 34
2.11 GENERATING SETS CONNECTED AS NORMAL SUPPLY TO A MAIN
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SWITCHBOARD IN A PERMANENT ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION ............... 34

2.12 GENERATING SETS CONNECTED TO AN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
CONNECTED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY ................................................... 35

SECTION 3 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PERMANENTLY CONNECTED

GENERATING SETS
3.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 44
3.2 LOCATION ............................................................................................................... 44
3.3 GUARDING OF LIVE PARTS ................................................................................. 45
3.4 TRANSFORMERS .................................................................................................... 45
3.5 GENERATING SETS SUPPLYING SAFETY AND ESSENTIAL SERVICES ....... 46

SECTION 4 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE GENERATORS

4.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 52
4.2 CONNECTION TO AN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION ....................................... 52
4.3 EARTHING AND BONDING ................................................................................... 53
4.4 CONNECTION OF A PORTABLE GENERATING SET TO A DEDICATED
WIRING SYSTEM—NEW ZEALAND ONLY ........................................................ 54

APPENDICES
A EARTHING REQUIREMENTS FOR GENERATING SETS CONNECTED TO
FIXED ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS ............................................................... 58
B RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PORTABLE GENERATING SETS SUPPLYING
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT (NEW ZEALAND ONLY) ........................................ 60
C DEDICATED WIRING IN AN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION FOR
CONNECTION OF A PORTABLE GENERATING SET (NEW ZEALAND
ONLY) ....................................................................................................................... 72
D REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-CONTAINED
TRANSPORTABLE GENERATING SETS UP TO 25 KW...................................... 75
AS/NZS 3010:2017 4

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND

Australian/New Zealand Standard

Electrical installations—Generating sets

SECTI ON 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE
This Standard sets out the minimum safety requirements related to the use of generating
sets for the supply of electricity at low voltage, that is, not exceeding 1000 V a.c or 1500 V
d.c.
The Standard applies to electricity generating sets that are driven by internal combustion
engines, and forms any of the following:
(a) Normal supply source for electrical installations.
(b) Alternative supply source for electrical installations.
(c) Electrical supply source for the connection of electrical appliances and portable tools.
(d) Supply sources that operate in parallel with the normal supply in the electrical
installation.
This Standard does not—
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(i) apply to uninterruptible power supplies; or

(ii) apply to other renewable energy generation systems, such as, the following:
(A) Inverters.
(B) Photovoltaic arrays.
(C) Water or wind driven turbines.
NOTE: While intended to be applied to low voltage generating sets driven by internal combustion
engines, the electrical principles could be applied to other types of energy sources.

1.2 APPLICATION
In addition to being in accordance with the requirements of AS/NZS 3000 and the
additional requirements of this Standard, the generating set installation may be required to
comply with requirements of electricity distributors and other relevant regulatory
authorities. It is, therefore, recommended that these authorities be consulted prior to the
installation of equipment.
Section 2 outlines general requirements for the installation of generating sets to an
electrical installation. Sections 3 and 4 introduce additional requirements for permanently
connected and plug and socket outlet connected generating sets respectively.
Appendix A specifies the fault current path when the generating set is fixed wired to an
electrical installation.
Appendix B specifies a New-Zealand-only guidance for the connection of portable NZ
generating sets when directly supplying portable tools connected to the generating set by
plugs and sockets.
Appendix C specifies a New Zealand-only provision for the connection of a dedicated NZ
wiring system within an electrical installation.

Appendix D sets out the requirements and recommendations for the performance and
construction of transportable generating sets up to 25 kW.
Requirements for the design, installation and operation of emergency power supplies in
hospitals are given in AS/NZS 3009.
Requirements for the design, installation and operation of uninterruptible power supplies
are given in AS 62040 (series).
Requirements for renewable energy systems are given in AS/NZS 4777 (series),
AS/NZS 4509 (series) and AS/NZS 5033.
Requirements for transportable structures are provided in AS/NZS 3001.
Requirements for shows and carnivals are provided in AS/NZS 3002.
Requirements for marinas and boats are provided in AS/NZS 3004.
Requirements for construction and demolition sites are provided in AS/NZS 3012.
Attention is drawn to the fact that some regulatory authorities have requirements for
limitation of noise levels, pollution emissions and for fuel systems.

1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

The following documents are referred to in this Standard:
AS
1019 Internal combustion engines—Spark emission control devices
1319 Safety signs for the occupational environment
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1668 The use of ventilation and airconditioning in buildings

1668.2 Part 2: Mechanical ventilation in buildings
1940 The storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids
2221 Methods for measurement of airborne sound emitted by compressor units
including primemovers and by pneumatic tools and machines
2221.1 Part 1: Engineering method for measurement of airborne sound emitted by
compressor/primemover units intended for outdoor use
2676 Guide to the installation, maintenance, testing and replacement of secondary
batteries in buildings (series)
3011 Electrical installations—Secondary batteries installed in buildings (series)
4594 Internal combustion engines—Performance
4594.1 Part 1: Standard reference conditions, declarations of power, fuel and
lubricating oil consumptions, and test methods
4594.4 Part 4: Engines for land, rail-traction and marine use—Speed governing
4594.5 Part 5: Engines for land, rail-traction and marine use—Torsional vibrations
60034 Rotating electrical machines
60034.1 Part 1: Rating and performance (IEC 60034-1, Ed. 11(2004) MOD)
60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
62040 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) (series)
AS/NZS
1768 Lightning protection
3000 Electrical installations (known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules)

AS/NZS
3007 Electrical installation—Surface mines and associated processing plant—
General requirements for equipment and ancillaries (series)
3009 Electrical installations—Emergency power supplies in hospitals
3012 Electrical installations—Construction and demolition sites
3100 Approval and test specification—General requirements for electrical equipment
3112 Approval and test specification—Plugs and socket-outlets
3120 Approval and test specification—Cord extension sockets
3123 Approval and test specification—Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for general
industrial application
3133 Approval and test specification—Air-break switches
3190 Approval and test specification—Residual current devices (current-operated
earth-leakage devices)
3439 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies (series)
3584 Diesel engine systems for underground coal mines
3584.1 Part 1: Fire protected—Heavy duty
3820 Essential safety requirements for electrical equipment
3947 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
3947.6.1 Part 6.1: Multiple function equipment—Automatic transfer switching
equipment
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4024 Safety of machinery

4024.1601 Part 1601: Design of controls, interlocks and guarding—Guards—General
requirements for the design and construction of fixed movable
guards
4509 Stand-alone power systems (series)
4777 Grid connection of energy systems via inverters (series)
5033 Installation and safety requirements for photovoltaic (PV) arrays
60079 Explosive atmospheres (series)
60269 Low-voltage fuses (series)
60947 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear (series)
60898 Electrical accessories—Circuit-breakers for overcurrent protection for
household and similar installations
60898.1 Part 1: Circuit-breakers for a.c. operation (IEC 60898-1, Ed. 1.2 (2003)
MOD)
61008 Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent
protection for household and similar uses (RCCBs)
61008.1 Part 1: General rules (IEC 61008-1, Ed. 3.2 (2013) MOD)
61009 Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection
for household and similar uses (RCBOs)
61009.1 Part 1: General rules (IEC 61009-1, Ed. 3.2 (2013) MOD)
61439 Low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies (series)

AS/NZS CISPR
12 Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines—Radio disturbance
characteristics—Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of off-
board receivers
14 Electromagnetic compatibility—Requirements for household appliances,
electric tools and similar apparatus
14.1 Part 1: Emission
IEC
60309 Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes (series)
60364 Low-voltage electrical installations (series)
61557 Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and
1 500 V d.c.—Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective
measures
61557-8 Part 8: Insulation monitoring devices for IT systems
ISO
8528 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating
sets
8528-1 Part 1: Application, ratings and performance
8528-8 Part 8: Requirements and tests for low-power generating sets

1.4 DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this Standard, the definitions given in AS/NZS 3000 and those below
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apply.
1.4.1 Alternative supply (standby)
A supply system intended to maintain the functioning of an electrical installation or a part
or parts thereof, in case of interruption of the normal supply.
1.4.2 Changeover devices
Consist of switchgear that provide load switching between the normal supply and the output
of a generating set connected to an electrical installation.
The switchgear is interlocked to prevent the simultaneous connection of the normal supply
and the generating set output.
Typical switchgear arrangement may be a—
(a) one manual switch with multiple contacts, or, two or more manual switches ganged
together on a common operating shaft;
(b) mechanically interlocked pair of contactors; or
(c) mechanically interlocked pair of circuit-breakers (with or without overcurrent
protection).
The operation of the changeover device may be manually or electrically operated.
1.4.3 Closed transition changeover device
A device that permits the transfer of the generating set output to the normal supply without
interruption of the supply to the load when transferring the load from the generator supply
to the normal supply.
The closed transition changeover device operates in a ‘make before break’ mode when the
normal supply and the generating set output are synchronized and then operates in parallel
only for a very short duration.

The duration of the parallel connection is dependent on the connected load, the type of
loading and the ability of the normal supply to deliver a high step increase in loading.
NOTE: The installation and use of a closed transition changeover device system in an electrical
installation is subject to a formal agreement with the electricity distributor.
1.4.4 Detachable connection
A means of connecting a generating set to an electrical installation by an assembly
consisting of a plug, flexible cable (or cord) and cord connector.
1.4.5 Essential services (client)
The portion(s) of an electrical installation associated with life preserving equipment, airport
safety equipment, airport traffic control and other electrical equipment the owner/occupier
believes to be essential to the safe operation of the premises.
1.4.6 Generating set
An alternator, d.c. generator or combination thereof, including an internal combustion
engine and associated switchgear and control equipment.
1.4.7 TN-S earthing system
A system with separate protective earth and neutral conductors from the transformer or
generator to the consuming device, which are not connected together at any point after the
neutral and earth connection at the transformer or generator.
1.4.8 Normal supply
The source of supply that the electrical installation is supplied from under normal
conditions of operation (mains supply) and excludes any alternative supply(s).
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1.4.9 Residual current circuit-breaker with overload (RCBO)

A combination of both a residual current circuit-breaker and overload protection provided
by the one device.
1.4.10 Reduced low voltage (RLV)
NZ
A supply voltage giving additional protection against electric shock such as the following:
(a) A single-phase system in which—
(i) the nominal line-to-line voltage does not exceed 110 V a.c.;
(ii) the nominal line-to-earth voltage does not exceed 55 V a.c.; and
(iii) all exposed conductive parts are connected to the protective conductor.
or
(b) A three-phase system in which—
(i) the nominal line-to-line voltage does not exceed 110 V a.c.;
(ii) the nominal line-to-earth voltage does not exceed 63.5 V a.c.; and
(iii) all exposed conductive parts are connected to the protective conductor.
1.4.11 Safety services
A system or component that operates to identify an emergency, or is intended to operate
during an emergency, and is primarily associated with—
(a) the safety of person evacuating a building;
(b) fire-fighting operations; or
(c) fire suppression systems.

1.4.12 Shall
Indicates a statement is mandatory.
1.4.13 Should
Indicates a recommendation.
1.4.14 Normative
A term used to describe an element of a Standard to which it is necessary to conform in
order to be able to claim conformance with the Standard.
NOTE: Normative elements may include the following:
(a) Notes to Figures and Tables.
(b) Text.
(c) Appendices.
1.4.15 Informative
For information and guidance only.
NOTE: Informative elements may include the following:
(a) Notes to clauses.
(b) Appendices.

1.5 SYMBOLS
All symbols contained in Figures 2.1 to D1 are defined in Table 2.1.
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SECTI ON 2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR

THE INSTALLATI ON OF GENERATING SETS

2.1 GENERAL
2.1.1 Scope of Section
This Section specifies general requirements for the following:
(a) Location.
(b) Mechanical and thermal protection.
(c) Control.
(d) Earthing arrangements.
(e) Electrical installations and connection of generating sets.
Additional requirements, relevant to permanently connected generating sets and the use of a
detachable connection for portable generating sets, are given in Sections 3 and 4
respectively.
2.1.2 Rating classifications
Generating sets are assigned output power rating classifications based on the following
descriptions of the intended application:
(a) Standby Maximum output rating is available from the generating set operating at a
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variable load for the duration of the normal mains power interruption. There is no
sustained overload capability.
(b) Prime Maximum output rating is available from the generating set operating at a
variable load for an unlimited time. There is 10% overload capability for short
periods and infrequent operations.
(c) Continuous Maximum output rating is available from the generating set operating at
constant load for an unlimited time. There is no sustained overload capability.
NOTE: Definitions for these ratings are based on Standards such as AS 4594.1 and ISO 8528-1
but may be further qualified in manufacturer’s recommendations.
2.1.3 Selection of generating set rating
The selection of the generating set rating is dependent on characteristics of the connected
load, the alternator type and alternator voltage control system.
Electrical issues that determine the selection of generating set minimum output rating and
alternator type are as follows:
(a) Issues regarding induction motor loading include:
(i) Load inertia A high inertia load requires higher starting current and duration.
(ii) Type of motor starter used for each motor Due to the limited maximum
starting current available from a generating set at start up or when running on
load, this may require use of a reduced current starter.
(iii) The number of motor(s) starting simultaneously If a large motor and a number
of smaller motors, starting the large motor first and then arranging to start the
smaller motors after the large motor is up to full speed adds inertia to the whole
system, reduces the peak kilovolt-ampere required.

(iv) Maximum voltage dip on the generating set output when motors are starting If
the voltage dip is excessive and of long duration, this may affect the motor
starting time and the starting current drawn. In some cases, an excessive voltage
dip may release the motor starter contactor(s) and stop or prevent starting of the
motors.
(b) Non-linear loading, for example uninterruptable power supplies (UPSs), variable
speed drives and rectifiers with a battery connected. The ability of a generator to
supply a non-linear load is dependent on the type of equipment being supplied and the
generating set alternator voltage control system.
(c) Load power factor. To ensure stable output voltage control of the generating set, the
power factor of the operating load should not have a leading value when operating
from generating set output.
NOTE: It may be necessary to remove from service any power factor correction systems when
the electrical installation is being supplied by a generating set output, this action being to
prevent the electrical installation power factor having a leading value.
(d) Absorbing regenerative loading. Generating sets have no ability to absorb any
regenerated energy that may be produced by a load. Accordingly, where a
regenerating load is supplied by a generating set, it is important to ensure that the
regenerative energy is able to be absorbed by other loads supplied by the installation.
The recommendation of the generating set manufacturer or supplier should be sought when
selecting the generating rating. If available, use of a generating set software design package
available from generating set manufacturers is an alternative.
2.1.4 Generating set system of supply
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Where an electrical installation is arranged to operate from multiple sources of supply (such
as occurs when normally supplied by an electricity distributor’s network, or alternatively
from a generating set output) the system of supply configuration connected to the
installation loading shall be the same system of supply, e.g. MEN, irrespective of the supply
source.

2.2 LOCATION
Generating sets shall not be operated in locations where exhaust gases, smoke or fumes
could reach dangerous concentrations or enter either directly or indirectly any enclosed
areas occupied by persons.
In tunnelling operations, reduced low voltage diesel engine generating sets fitted with an
exhaust conditioning system or appropriate ventilation systems, may be used.
NZ

In addition, generating sets shall not be installed—

(a) in damp situations or exposed to the weather unless suitably protected;
(b) in hazardous areas, unless the equipment and method of installation is in accordance
with AS/NZS 3000 and AS/NZS 60079 (series) and the requirements of any relevant
regulatory authority; or
(c) in locations that would provide a fire hazard for the fuel tank(s) and associated
fittings provided for the generator set.

2.3 MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROTECTION

2.3.1 Protection from mechanical damage
All components of a generating set, including mechanical parts, fuel systems, wiring,
switches, instruments and controls, shall have adequate protection against mechanical
damage.

2.3.2 Protection from moving parts

All moving parts of a generating set that may cause injury to persons shall be either
positioned or protected by barriers or guards to prevent accidental personal contact when
running.
NOTES:
1 Regulatory authorities may have additional requirements for the guarding of machinery.
2 Guidance on the protection of moving parts by guarding is provided in AS/NZS 4024.1601.
2.3.3 Protection against thermal effects
All parts of a generating set that operate at temperatures in excess of 120°C shall be
protected by barriers, guards or positioned to prevent accidental personal contact when
running.
NOTE: Guidance on temperature limits for electrical equipment is given in AS/NZS 3000.
2.3.4 Protection against fuel leakage
Any tanks or filling facilities associated with flammable fuels shall not be—
(a) installed in the vicinity of high temperature surfaces or equipment that may emit arcs,
sparks or hot particles; or
(b) located in such a position that spilled or leaking fuel could fall on such high
temperature surfaces or equipment.
NOTES:
1 Attention is drawn to additional requirements that may be specified by relevant Regulatory
Authorities. These may include the specific location of the fuel tank(s), the standard used for
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the construction of the fuel tank, the need for secondary containment of the fuel tank and
associated pipework. Certification of the completed fuel system installation may also be
required.
2 In Australia, refer to AS 1940 for additional requirements affecting the storage and handling A
of flammable and combustible fuels.
3 In New Zealand, the WorkSafe New Zealand (http://www.worksafe.govt.nz) has additional NZ
requirements controlling the storage and handling of flammable and combustible fuels
associated with generating sets.

2.4 CONTROL OF GENERATING SET

2.4.1 General
Adequate means shall be provided to control—
(a) the sequence of operations necessary for the safe starting, running and shutting down
of the generating set;
(b) the voltage and frequency of the generating set output supply;
(c) the speed of the prime mover; and
(d) the load changeover device, if it is required to be automatically operated by contactor
coils, motor(s) or solenoids.
2.4.2 Prime mover isolating devices
Every prime mover shall be provided with an isolating device, which may be an engine
shutdown device, to prevent the starting of the generating set engine when inspection,
repair or maintenance is being carried out.
NOTE: An emergency shutdown device may also be necessary under certain conditions.
Examples include two stroke diesel engines.

2.4.2.1 Operation
The isolating device when in the ‘off’ or ‘isolated’ position shall prevent the generating set
engine being started by any automatic control device or remote control switch.
Where a switch located in a control or starting circuit is used for this purpose, it shall
disconnect all live conductors of the circuit.
Electronic equipment or devices shall not be used as an isolation device.
2.4.2.2 Location
The isolating device shall be readily accessible to maintenance or other authorized
personnel and be—
(a) installed adjacent to or on the generating set so that a person operating the device has
a clear view of any person working on the machine; and
(b) provided with a means of securing the device in the isolated or open position that
requires a deliberate action to engage or disengage it.
2.4.3 Synchronization
Where generating sets are to be synchronized with an electricity distributor’s network, the
requirements for synchronization shall be obtained from the electricity distributor.
Automatic controls shall be provided to ensure that the output voltage and frequency of a
generating set is synchronized with—
(a) the normal supply when connected during transfer or for extended parallel operation;
or
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(b) the output of other generating sets when connected to a multiple generating set
installation.
Synchronization check controls shall be installed for each connection or changeover device
where parallel operation is to occur, to prevent the closure of the changeover device across
unsynchronized sources of supply.
NOTES:
1 For most installations, a formal agreement with the electricity distributor is required to permit
operation of a generating set output in parallel with an electricity distributor’s network.
2 For interlocking, see Clause 2.7.3.
2.4.4 Starting batteries and battery charging
Batteries associated with prime movers shall be suitable for continuous float charging and
the generating set starter motor current required.
The charging of batteries is to be achieved by one or both of the following:
(a) The generating set starter battery generator when it is running.
(b) A battery charger operating from a power supply when the generating set is running
or when it is stationary.
NOTES:
1 Suitable batteries include the flooded lead-acid and valve regulated lead-acid sealed types that
are suitable for constant float charging and are able to supply the engine starter motor current
required.
2 Attention is drawn to the additional requirements for batteries for emergency supply systems
in other Australian/New Zealand Standards.
3 Attention is drawn to the provisions of the AS 2676 (series) and AS 3011 (series) for the
installation and maintenance of batteries.

2.5 EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS

When the multiple earth neutral system (MEN) is to be employed, the following connection
principles shall apply:
(a) The MEN connection shall be made at the main switchboard. This will require
disconnection or removal of the alternator winding neutral to frame links within the
generating set where that generating set switchboard is not nominated as the main
switchboard.
(b) Where a generating set is connected to an electrical installation as either the primary
source supply or alternative source of supply to the normal power supply, the
alternator winding shall have no internal connection to the earthing system of the
generating set.
The only connection between the neutral conductor of the supply system and the
earthing arrangement is the MEN link located within the main switchboard.
(c) Where the normal power supply is the MEN system of supply, the incoming neutral
conductor of the supply system shall not be switched prior to the MEN link.
(d) In Australia, neutral and earth conductors shall not operate in parallel, except as A
specified below.
When the earth neutral system is to be employed and, when operating under generator
or transformer supply, the generator neutral and earthing conductors shall be installed
such that—
(i) generator neutral and earth conductors are individually suitable for the
maximum calculated fault current to be carried by each conductor;
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(ii) the nominal size of generator earthing conductors be in accordance with the
requirements of AS/NZS 3000; and
(iii) the current-carrying capacity of generator neutral conductors be in accordance
with the requirements of AS/NZS 3000.
(e) Where a MEN connection or link is located at a main switchboard of an electrical
installation to which a generating set is connected, the electrical installation earth
electrode shall be connected to the main switchboard in accordance with
AS/NZS 3000 requirements. An earth electrode shall not be directly connected to the
generating set.
(f) The changeover device shall be selected so as to maintain the function(s) of and
prevent damage to the electrical installation being supplied.
NOTE: Examples of functions to be maintained include the overlapping of neutrals, the
operation of residual current devices or the continued operation of uninterruptible power
supplies.
(g) In New Zealand, a generating set supplying an installation shall be connected only to NZ
the main switchboard of the electrical installation.
New Zealand only exceptions: NZ
The generating set may be connected to a distribution switchboard provided—
(i) the generating set is arranged to cease supply of electricity in the event that the
supply to that distribution switchboard is interrupted; and
(ii) the supply to the distribution switchboard from any other source is disconnected, a
MEN earthing arrangement is established, and a protective system to control earth
potential rise is provided.

2.6 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

2.6.1 General requirements
2.6.1.1 General
The electrical installation shall be in accordance with the appropriate requirements of
AS/NZS 3000 and the additional requirements of this Standard.
For installations with multiple generating sets, a generator set switchboard for each
generating set or a common generator switchboard for a group of generating sets may be
used to group the generating set controls and if required, the changeover device(s) and the
synchronization controls and associated switchgear installed within the common
switchboard.
2.6.1.2 Isolation from the normal supply system
Where the generating set is not the normal supply source, all generating sets shall be
connected to the electrical installation in such a manner that they remain isolated from the
normal supply system.
Where it is intended that a generating set will operate in parallel with the normal supply,
formal written approval from the electricity distributor shall be obtained.
NOTE: Requirements for operating a generating set in parallel with the normal supply from an
electricity distributor are outside the scope of this Standard.
2.6.1.3 Generating set neutral conductor
A generating set neutral conductor is regarded as a live conductor and is required to be
isolated when work is being carried out on the generator alternator.
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NOTE: Attention is drawn to the need for the neutral conductor and the neutral pole of any
isolating device or changeover device to have adequate current rating to be in accordance with
AS/NZS 3000 requirements for neutral connections.
2.6.2 Overcurrent protection
All outgoing circuits from a generating set shall be provided with overcurrent protection at
the generating set, except where an alternative position, or the omission of overcurrent
protective devices, is permitted by AS/NZS 3000.
NOTES:
1 A generating set has limited fault output current available under fault conditions to operate
overcurrent protection devices, the fault current available being dependant on the alternator
type and the alternator voltage regulator and the mechanical power available from the engine
of the generating set.
2 Suitable overcurrent protection devices for alternator or generator overcurrent protection are
made by some, but not all manufacturers. Reference to the overcurrent and alternator data is
required for the correct selection of a suitable overcurrent protective device.
Exception:
Wiring systems connecting generating sets to their associated switchboards need not be
provided with short-circuit protection provided that the wiring systems are installed in such
a way as to reduce the risk of a short-circuit to a minimum. Methods that can achieve this
are wiring systems installed within the same fire-rated generator room (2 h minimum)
utilizing—
(a) insulated and sheathed cable(s) installed within a dedicated conduit duct or pipe;
(b) insulated and sheathed cable(s) installed on a dedicated cable tray or an area of a
cable tray segregated from other cables by barriers; or
(c) busway or busbar systems, including joints and switchboard busbars, having
insulation up to the first protective device.

2.6.3 Generator output isolator

Each generating set shall be provided with an isolating switch operating in all live
conductors, that is installed adjacent to, or on, the generating set so that a person working
on the generating set has a clear view of the isolating device, and may be combined with
overcurrent protection required by Clause 2.6.3.
Exception 1:
The isolating switch may be located in the generator switchboard.
Exception 2:
Where the generating set is the sole source of supply, the isolating switch shall not operate
in the neutral conductor.

2.7 ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY (STANDBY)

2.7.1 General
Where a generating set is to operate as an alternative supply (standby) system in the case of
failure of the normal supply, one or more changeover device shall be provided complying
with the requirements of Clauses 2.7.1 to 2.7.13.
Unless otherwise authorized, the changeover device shall be designed to prevent back feed
of the generating set output into the electricity distributor’s network.
An inverter or regenerative supply source shall not be connected downstream of the
generating set changeover device.
Exception: Where suitable control systems prevents backfeed to the generator the above
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provision does not apply.

NOTES:
1 A generating set cannot absorb energy imported from external sources into the generating set.
2 Automatic transfer switches in accordance with the relevant requirements of
AS/NZS 3947.6.1 or AS/NZS 60947.6.1 may conform with these requirements.
2.7.2 Operation
The operation of changeover devices shall be such that the operation of the changeover
device does not inadvertently or intentionally breach the integrity of the neutral conductor
with reference to the MEN connection contained either within the installation’s main
switchboard or the switchboard to which the generator is connected, as follows.
(a) General Changeover devices shall interrupt one source of supply before connecting
the other source of supply.
Exception: When a closed transition changeover device is fitted, the interruption of
one source of supply before the connection of another source of supply is not
required.
(b) Active switching Changeover devices shall operate in all active conductors.
(c) Neutral switching Where the MEN system of earthing is used, changeover devices
shall not disconnect the neutral conductor of the incoming normal supply at the main
switchboard where the MEN link is provided.
A switched neutral pole of a mechanical changeover device shall break not before,
and shall make not after, the other poles. If a changeover device pole having an
appropriate short-circuit breaking and making capacity is used as a neutral pole, then
all poles, including the neutral pole, shall operate substantially together.
(d) Earthing conductor switching Changeover devices shall not operate in any earthing
conductor.
NOTE: Examples of changeover arrangements are shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2.

2.7.3 Interlocking
Changeover devices shall incorporate a mechanical interlock to prevent the simultaneous
connection of the generating set system and the normal supply system, unless the following
exception applies.
NOTE: The use of electrical interlocking in addition to mechanical interlocking is not a
requirement of this Standard, but is recommended. In the case of electrically operated changeover
devices, the controls for the generating set and the operation of the changeover device may
provide limited electrical interlocking.
Exception: Where closed transition changeover arrangements are permitted, then a
changeover device without a mechanical interlock is allowable. The closed transition
changeover device shall be installed to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Where the normal supply is from the distributor, the use of a closed transition changeover
device(s) shall require a formal agreement with that electricity distributor.
2.7.4 Changeover device with intermediate ‘off’ position
A permanently connected changeover device having an intermediate ‘off’ position may be
used in place of a main switch or a switch controlling submains, or final subcircuits or an
individual final subcircuit, such that the supply to the load may be obtained from either of
two sources and is able to be isolated from both. Such a device may also be connected as in
Clause 2.7.5 (see Figure 2.1).
A manual transfer switch (MTS) used as a main switch shall have operating handles or
controls associated with the MTS that enables the main switch to be manually operated,
single action and mechanical. The MTS shall consist of a handle, lever, push buttons or
similar device.
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Electronic touch screens, programmable control systems or the like shall not be used as a
means of operating the MTS where used as a main switch.
NOTE: Changeover devices having an intermediate ‘off’ position would typically be used for
manually operated switches only.
2.7.5 Changeover device without an intermediate ‘off’ position
A permanently connected changeover device having no intermediate ‘off’ position shall be
connected in one of the following ways, such that supply to the load may be obtained from
either of the two sources of supply:
(a) Supply side of a main switch [see Figure 2.2(a)].
(b) Supply side of switch(es) controlling a submain(s) or final subcircuit(s) [see
Figure 2.2(b)].
(c) Supply side of a switch controlling an individual final subcircuit [see Figure 2.2(c)].
NOTE: Figures 2.1 and 2.2 are only intended to show the location of changeover devices relevant
to other switchgear for the purpose of this Clause.
2.7.6 Rating
Changeover devices shall have a voltage rating of at least the maximum out-of-phase
voltage between contacts connected to the different sources of supply.
Changeover devices shall have a minimum current and fault duty rating to cater for the—
(a) maximum load current that is able to flow under both the normal and alternative
supply (generating set) operating conditions; and
(b) maximum fault duty available when operating on the normal or alternative supply.

2.7.7 Access
Changeover devices should be accessible only to authorized persons. If manual operation is
required, the operating means shall be not more than 2 m above the ground, floor or
platform.
2.7.8 Identification
Changeover devices shall be permanently marked in English to indicate the purpose and
switching positions of the device. Terminals of changeover devices shall also be provided
with marking to indicate the sources of supply.
Where the operation of a changeover device automatically brings into service an alternative
supply, the purpose of the device shall be permanently marked accordingly.
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G e n er at i n g N or m al G e n er at i n g N or m al Gr i d inver ter su p p ly †
set su p p ly set su p p ly (w hen inst alled)
G G C

M A IN M A IN
SWI TCH SWI TCH M ain sw itc h
M ain sw itc h* co-generation
BOA R D BOA R D
normal supply su p p ly

Centre Centre
OFF OFF
position position

M anu al c han g e over d ev i c e M anu al c han g e over d ev i c e

G e n er ator m a i n sw i tc h a n d G e n er ator m a i n sw i tc h a n d
c ir c u i t i s o l at i n g d ev i c e c ir c u i t i s o l at i n g d ev i c e

I n s t a l l at i o n
m ain sw itc h*

To e l e c tr i c al Submains or final
i n s t a l l at i o n su b c irc uits

(a) A h ead of g e n er al in st all at i o n (b) M ain sw itc h g e n er ator an d sw itc h

m ain sw itc h c o ntro lling su bmain(s) or
final sub c ir c uits

G e n er at i n g N or m al Gr i d inver ter su p p ly †
set su p p ly (w hen inst alled)
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G C

M A IN
SWI TCH M ain sw itc h
M ain sw itc h*
BOA R D co-generation
normal supply
su p p ly
Centre
OFF
position

M anu al c han g e over d ev i c e

G e n er ator m a i n sw i tc h a n d
c ir c u i t i s o l at i n g d ev i c e

* M ay al s o b e a c ir c uit I n d i v i d u a l f i n a l s u b c ir c ui t s C ir c u i t s to b e
breaker to be su p p lie d by nor m al su p p lie d by nor m al
†
G r i d c o n n e c t i nver ter su p p ly an d g e n er ator su p p ly su p p ly o nly
syste m s su c h a s s o l ar,
w in d an d /or water (c) A h ead of a sw itc h c o ntro llin g in d i v i d u al c ir c uit

NOTES:
1 These configurations shall be followed to ensure any grid connect inverter supply is not backfeeding into
generator while generator is supplying the installation.
2 Manual changeover device is the generator main switch and can be the normal supply main switch.
3 See Clause 2.7.2.

FIGURE 2.1 TYPICAL LOCATION OF MANUAL CHANGEOVER DEVICE WITH AN

INTERMEDIATE ‘OFF’ POSITION LOCATED IN THE MAIN SWITCHBOARD

G e n er at i n g N or m al G e n er at i n g N or m al Gr i d inver ter su p p ly †
set su p p ly set su p p ly (w hen inst alled)
G G C

M AIN M AIN
SWITCH M ain SWITCH M ain sw itc h
sw itc h M ain sw itc h M ain sw itc h grid inverter
B OAR D B OAR D
generator normal supply normal supply su p p ly

Auto m at i c Auto m at i c
c han g e over c han g e over
d ev i c e d ev i c e

S w i tc h* S w i tc h*

To e l e c tr i c al Submains or final
i n s t a l l at i o n su b c irc uits

(a) A h ead of g e n er al in st all at i o n (b) A h ead of sw itc h(e s) c o ntro lin g

m ain sw itc h submain(s) or final sub c ir c uits
NOT E: C o -ge ne r at ion not p e r m it t e d
w it h t h is a r r a nge me nt

G e n er at i n g N or m al Gr i d inver ter su p p ly †
set su p p ly (w hen inst alled)
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G C

M AIN
SWITCH M ain sw itc h
M ain sw itc h M ain sw itc h
B OAR D co-generation
generator normal supply
su p p ly

* M ay al s o b e a c ir c uit
breaker or sw itc h fu se
†
G r i d c o n n e c t i nver ter Auto m at i c
syste m s su c h a s s o l ar, c han g e over
w in d an d /or water d ev i c e

S w i tc h*

I n d i v i d u a l f i n a l s u b c ir c ui t s C ir c u i t s to b e
to be su p p lie d by nor m al su p p lie d by nor m al
su p p ly an d g e n er ator su p p ly su p p ly o nly

(c) A h ead of a sw itc h c o ntro llin g in d i v i d u al c ir c uit

NOTES:
1 These configurations shall be followed to ensure any grid connect inverter supply is not backfeeding into
generator while generator is supplying the installation.
2 See Clause 2.7.2.

FIGURE 2.2 TYPICAL LOCATION OF AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER DEVICE WITHOUT

AN INTERMEDIATE ‘OFF’ POSITION LOCATED WITHIN THE MAIN SWITCHBOARD

2.7.9 Automatic changeover to normal supply

Where an automatic changeover device is provided, it shall operate to transfer loads back to
the normal supply after the voltage and frequency of the normal supply have been
maintained at normal levels on all phases for a specified period, except that in the case of
failure of the generating set supply, the transfer shall occur without delay, provided a
normal supply is available.
An automatic transfer switch (ATS) used as a main switch shall have operating handles or
controls associated with the ATS that enables the main switch to be manually operated,
single action, mechanical and shall consist of a handle, lever, push buttons or similar
device.
Electronic touch screens, programmable control systems or the like shall not be used as a
means of operating the ATS where used as a main switch.
NOTES:
1 Where the automatic changeover device provides the control for a high reliability site, the
transfer of the loading from the generator supply to normal supply may be prevented until a
switching break in the supply to the load can be arranged to suit operational requirements,
except in the case of the failure of the generating set supply, the transfer should occur without
delay, provided a normal supply is available.
2 The specified period is usually controlled by an adjustable delay of between 1 min and
30 min—typically the delay selected is 15 min.
3 A further delay period prior to shutting down the generating set engine may be necessary to
allow adequate cool-down of particular engines types.
2.7.10 Changeover device in the generator neutral
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Requirements for changeover device in the generator neutral shall conform with
Clause 2.7.10.1 for Australia and Clause 2.7.10.2 for New Zealand.
2.7.10.1 In Australia A
In Australia only, a changeover device switching contact in the generator set neutral
connection is not the recommended connection method for generating sets that are
permanently connected to any switchboard. However, when a changeover device is fitted in
a generating neutral connection, the neutral connection shall not disconnect the connection
to the main switchboard MEN link connection (see Figures 2.3 to 2.9).
2.7.10.2 In New Zealand
NZ
In New Zealand only, the following arrangements apply:
(a) Switchboards with a MEN link fitted A changeover device with a neutral switching
contact in the generator set neutral shall not be provided for generating sets that are
permanently connected to a switchboard containing a MEN link.
The connections for generating sets that are able to be permanently connected to a
switchboard with a MEN link fitted are detailed in Figures 2.3 and 2.4.
(b) Switchboards with no MEN link fitted If it is not practical or feasible to connect a
generating set to a switchboard with a MEN link fitted due to site conditions or
layout, the generating set output permanent connection shall be made to a
switchboard that does not contain a MEN link or connection. The connections
required are detailed in Figures 2.15 and 2.16.
NOTES:
1 The generating set output neutral connection arrangements convert the system of supply of
the generating set output, IT system of supply, to one that is the same system of supply when
the essential load when operating from a normal power supply, MEN.

2 A four pole/four pole changeover device is used to switch the neutral connection of the
normal supply section of the changeover device in the neutral connections to the essential
load, the neutral contact being closed when the normal supply is connected to the essential
load of the switchboard.
3 The generator set output section of the changeover device neutral connection is used to switch
the generating set output neutral, the contact being closed when the generating set is
supplying the essential loading connected to that switchboard. This provides a local MEN
connection to the switchboard when the generating set is supplying the connected load.
4 A 100 mA RCD should be provided in the generating set active and neutral connections to the
switchboard to provide earth fault and earth potential rise (EPR) protection for the generating
set output.
5 The generator output neutral connection is connected to the supply system IT to MEN
conversion neutral and earth busbars linked together, the earth busbar is connected to the
generating set earth electrode and the switchboard earth bar to provide a MEN configuration.
The neutral and earth busbars used for system of supply conversion are to be permanently
labelled ‘For generating set connections only’. The connection of the distribution switchboard
submain or final subcircuit neutral and earth connections is not permitted.
This method of connection generating sets to an electrical installation is not recommended
if connection to a switchboard containing a MEN link is practical, see Figures 2.3, 2.4, 2.7
and 2.9.
2.7.11 Three pole/three pole changeover devices
A three pole/three pole changeover device may be used to connect a generating set at a
switchboard with a MEN link.
Where a three pole/three pole or a single pole changeover device is used, the generating set
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neutral and earth conductors shall be connected as shown in Figures 2.10 to 2.16.
2.7.12 Three pole/four pole changeover devices
A three pole/four pole changeover device may be used to connect a generating set at a
switchboard without a MEN link fitted.
Where a three pole/four pole changeover device is used, the generating set neutral
conductor may be switched.
NOTE: This changeover device configuration should not be used for new installations, but may
exist in existing generating set installations.
2.7.13 Four pole/four pole changeover device
When a four pole/four pole changeover device is used in a main switchboard, the normal
supply neutral conductor to the switchboard shall not be switched prior to MEN link.
A four pole/four pole changeover device may be used to connect a generating set at a
switchboard without a MEN link fitted (distribution switchboard).
Where a four pole/four pole changeover device is used, the incoming submain and
generating set neutral conductors may be switched.

TABLE 2.1
KEY TO SYMBOLS IN FIGURES

S ym b ol D e scrip t ion

C C o - g enerat i o n = so lar, win d, water

E Ear th c o n d u c tor

E- BAR Ear th bar

EE or Ear th ele c tro d e

G Generator

L1, L 2, L 3 Ac t ive (p hase) c o n d u c tor s

MTS M anual transfer switc h

N N eu tr a l c o n d u c tor

N - BAR Neutral bar

C o nt ac t

C o nt ac t - l o ad break

C o nt ac t - c o nt ac tor

Circ uit breaker

Iso lat ing switc h

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Chas si s or fram e

Inter l o c k

Ter mination

Multiphase c o nduc tor s

AS/NZS 3010:2017
M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

N or m al su p p ly v i a m ain sw itc h(e s)

an d /or over c ur re nt prote c t i o n
N L1 L 2 L 3
GENER ATIN G SE T

Auto m at i c c han g e over d ev i c e †

M ain G e n er ator
sw itc h i s o l at i n g
g e n er ator d ev i c e*
L3
L2 N o n eutr al ear t h
N c o n n e c t i o n at
L1 g e n er ator set
E
N N
N - BAR
MEN link N
E
COPYRIGHT

E - BAR
E

24
E
E N L1 L 2 L 3

To l oad v i a prote c t i o n d ev i c e s

* M ay in c lu d e over c ur re nt prote c t i o n
† S y n c hro n i s at i o n a n d c o ntr o l e q u i p m e nt n ot s h ow n

NOTE: See Clause 2.7.11.

FIGURE 2.3 TYPICAL THREE POLE/THREE POLE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE
THREE-PHASE GENERATING SET WITH FOUR POLE LOCAL ISOLATION PERMANENTLY INSTALLED AS AN
ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY CONNECTED TO A SWITCHBOARD WITH A MEN LINK INSTALLED
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M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

N or m al su p p ly v i a m ain sw itc h(e s)

an d /or over c ur re nt prote c t i o n
N L1

GENER ATIN G SE T

Auto m at i c c han g e over d ev i c e †

M ain G e n er ator
N sw i tc h i s o l at i n g
L1 g e n er ator d ev i c e* N o n eutr al ear t h
L1
c o n n e c t i o n at
N N g e n er ator set
N - BAR
N
COPYRIGHT

M EN l i n k
E E
E - BAR
E

25
E
E N L1
To l oad v i a prote c t i o n d ev i c e s

* M ay in c lu d e over c ur re nt prote c t i o n
† S y n c hro n i s at i o n a n d c o ntr o l e q u i p m e nt n ot s h ow n

NOTE: See Clause 2.7.11.

AS/NZS 3010:2017
FIGURE 2.4 TYPICAL ONE POLE/ONE POLE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE-PHASE GENERATING
SET WITH TWO POLE LOCAL ISOLATION PERMANENTLY INSTALLED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY, CONNECTED TO A
SWITCHBOARD WITH A MEN LINK INSTALLED
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AS/NZS 3010:2017
Australia ONLY
M AIN SWITCH B OAR D
N or m al su p p ly v i a m ain sw itc h(e s)
an d /or over c urre nt prote c t i o n
N L1 L 2 L 3

N - BAR
MEN link
E - BAR
E

EE
DISTRIBUTIO N SWITCH B OAR D GENER ATIN G SE T

Auto m at i c c han g e over d ev i c e †

M ain
COPYRIGHT

i s o l at i n g
d ev i c e M ain G e n er ator
i s o l at i n g

26
d i s tr i b u t i o n sw itc h
b o ar d* g e n er ator d ev i c e*
L3
L2 N o n eutr al ear t h
E N N c o n n e c t i o n at
L1 g e n er ator set
N N
N - BAR
N
E E
E
E - BAR
E N L1 L 2 L 3
To l oad v i a prote c t i o n d ev i c e s

* M ay in c lu d e over c urre nt prote c t i o n

† S y n c hro n i s at i o n a n d c o ntr o l e q u i p m e nt n ot s h ow n

NOTE: See Clause 2.7.11.

FIGURE 2.5 TYPICAL THREE POLE/THREE POLE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE THREE-PHASE
GENERATING SET WITH FOUR POLE LOCAL ISOLATION PERMANENTLY INSTALLED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY, CONNECTED
TO A SWITCHBOARD WITHOUT A MEN LINK INSTALLED
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M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

N or m al su p p ly v i a m ain sw itc h(e s) Australia ONLY
an d /or over c ur re nt prote c t i o n
N L1

N - BAR
MEN link
E - BAR

EE
DISTRIBUTIO N B OAR D

Auto m at i c c han g e over d ev i c e † GENER ATIN G SE T

M ain
i s o l at i n g
COPYRIGHT

d ev i c e
M ain G e n er ator
d i s tr i b u t i o n
sw itc h i s o l at i n g

27
N b o ar d*
g e n er ator L1 d ev i c e*
N o n eutr al ear t h
N N c o n n e c t i o n at
N g e n er ator set
N - BAR
E E
E - BAR

E N L1
To l oad v i a prote c t i o n d ev i c e s

* M ay in c lu d e over c ur re nt prote c t i o n
† S y n c hro n i s at i o n a n d c o ntr o l e q u i p m e nt n ot s h ow n

AS/NZS 3010:2017
NOTE: See Clause 2.7.11.
FIGURE 2.6 TYPICAL ONE POLE/ONE POLE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE-PHASE GENERATING
SET WITH TWO POLE LOCAL ISOLATION PERMANENTLY INSTALLED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY, CONNECTED TO A
SWITCHBOARD WITHOUT A MEN LINK INSTALLED
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AS/NZS 3010:2017
M AIN SWITCH B OAR D GENER ATOR RO O M(S)

GENER ATOR SWITCH B OAR D GENER ATORS

N or m al su p p ly v i a m ain sw itc h(e s) G e n er ator

an d /or over c ur re nt prote c t i o n L3 L2 L1 N E i s o l at i n g
G e n er ator d ev i c e*
N L1 L 2 L 3
† su p p ly L3
Auto m at i c c han g e over d ev i c e L2
over l oad
M ain prote c t i o n L1
sw itc h ( W h ere N
g e n er ator re quire d) E
N o n eutr al ear t h
G e n er ator c o n n e c t i o n at
i s o l at i n g g e n er ator set s
N d ev i c e*
N - BAR L3
MEN link N L2
L1
E - BAR
N
COPYRIGHT

E E
E
G e n er ator

28
E
i s o l at i n g
d ev i c e*
L3
E N L1 L2 L3
L2
To l oad v i a prote c t i o n d ev i c e s L1
N
E
With or without
d i v i d i n g wall

* M ay in c lu d e over c ur re nt prote c t i o n w h ere in st all e d e it h er at G e n er ator, G e n er ator S w itc h b oar d or b ot h

NOTE: See Clause 2.7.11.

FIGURE 2.7 TYPICAL THREE POLE/THREE POLE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR MULTIPLE THREE-PHASE
GENERATOR SET INSTALLATION WITH FOUR POLE LOCAL ISOLATION PERMANENTLY INSTALLED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY
CONNECTED TO A MAIN SWITCHBOARD WITH A MEN LINK INSTALLED
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Australia ONLY
M AIN SWITCH B OAR D
N or m al su p p ly v i a m ain sw itc h(e s)
an d /or over c urre nt prote c t i o n
N L1 L 2 L 3
GENER ATOR RO O M(S)
GENER ATOR SWITCH B OAR D GENER ATORS
N - BAR
MEN link L3 L2 L1 N E G e n er ator
E - BAR i s o l at i n g
L 3 d ev i c e*
L2
EE L1
N
DISTRIBUTIO N SWITCH B OAR D E
Auto m at i c c han g e over d ev i c e † G e n er ator G e n er ator
M ain su p p ly i s o l at i n g
i s o l at i o n over l oad d ev i c e*
L3
sw itc h M ain prote c t i o n
E N L2
d i s tr i b u t i o n sw itc h ( W h ere
L1
b o ar d* g e n er ator re quire d)
COPYRIGHT

N
E

29
N o n eutr al ear t h
G e n er ator c o n n e c t i o n at
i s o l at i n g g e n er ator set s
N d ev i c e*
N - BAR N L3
L2
E
L1
E - BAR E
N

N L1 L2 L3 E
E

To l oad v i a prote c t i o n d ev i c e s
With or without
d i v i d i n g wall

* M ay in c lu d e over c urre nt prote c t i o n w h ere in st all e d e it h er at G e n er ator, G e n er ator S w itc h b oar d or b ot h

AS/NZS 3010:2017
†
S y n c hro ni s at i o n an d c o ntro l e q ui p m e nt n ot s h ow n

NOTE: See Clause 2.7.11.

FIGURE 2.8 TYPICAL THREE POLE/THREE POLE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR MULTIPLE THREE-PHASE
GENERATOR SET INSTALLATION WITH FOUR POLE LOCAL ISOLATION PERMANENTLY INSTALLED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY
CONNECTED TO A DISTRIBUTION SWITCHBOARD WITHOUT A MEN LINK INSTALLED
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M AIN SWITC H B OAR D DISTRIBUTIO N B OARD 1 GENER ATO RS

AS/NZS 3010:2017
N or m a l s u p p l y v i a m a i n sw i tc h(e s)
a n d /or over c ur re nt pr ote c t i o n
N L1 L 2 L 3 Au to m at i c c h a n g e over d ev i c e † G e n er ator
i s o l at i n g
Main isolating device M a i n sw i t c h d ev i c e*
N - BAR d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d g e n er ator
M EN l i n k L3 L3
L2 L2
E - BAR
L1 L1
N N
EE E N o n eu tr a l e ar t h
E N L1 L2 L3 c o n n e c t i o n at
To l o ad v i a pr ote c t i o n d ev i c e s g e n er ator s et s

DISTRIBUTIO N B OARD 2

Au to m at i c c h a n g e over d ev i c e † G e n er ator
i s o l at i n g
Main isolating device M a i n sw i t c h d ev i c e*
d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d g e n er ator
L3 L3
L2 L2
L1 L1
COPYRIGHT

N N

E N o n eu tr a l e ar t h

30
E N L1 L2 L3 c o n n e c t i o n at
To l o ad v i a pr ote c t i o n d ev i c e s g e n er ator s et s

DISTRIBUTIO N B OARD 3

Au to m at i c c h a n g e over d ev i c e †
G e n er ator
i s o l at i n g
Main isolating device M a i n sw i t c h d ev i c e*
d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d g e n er ator
L3 L3
L2 L2
L1 L1
N N

E N o n eu tr a l e ar t h
E N L1 L2 L3 c o n n e c t i o n at
To l o ad v i a pr ote c t i o n d ev i c e s g e n er ator s et s

* M ay in c lu d e over c ur re nt prote c t i o n w h ere in st all e d

† S y n c hro n i s at i o n a n d c o ntr o l e q u i p m e nt n ot s h ow n

NOTE: See Clause 2.7.11.

FIGURE 2.9 TYPICAL THREE POLE/THREE POLE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR MULTIPLE
THREE-PHASE GENERATOR SET INSTALLATION WITH FOUR POLE LOCAL ISOLATION PERMANENTLY INSTALLED AS AN
ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY CONNECTED TO A SEPARATE DISTRIBUTION SWITCHBOARD WITHOUT A MEN LINK INSTALLED
31 AS/NZS 3010:2017

2.8 EARTHING AND BONDING REQUIREMENTS

2.8.1 General
The generating set earthing and earth bonding arrangements shall be as follows for
neutral-earth connected generators (for other earthing systems, see Clause 2.11.3):
(a) The neutral to frame link in the generating set shall be permanently removed.
(b) An earth cable in accordance with AS/NZS 3000 requirements for the main earthing
conductor shall be installed from the electrical installation to the generating set and
connected to the generating set earth bonding connection and the main switchboard
earth bar.
(c) An electrical installation earth electrode and main earthing conductor in accordance
with AS/NZS 3000 requirements shall be provided for the electrical installation and
connected to the main switchboard.
2.8.2 Earthing and bonding alterations to existing installations
All alterations to an existing generator installation shall be as provided in the requirements
of alterations and repairs (see Clause 1.9.3) of AS/NZS 3000, unless exceptions 1, 2 or 3
applies.
Exception 1: Neutral-earth connection located within generators.
Where an existing electrical installation is supplied by more than one generator in parallel
and the installation has neutral-earth connections existing within the generators and not at
the main switchboard location.
Provided the alteration work is limited to no more than 35% of the total generation
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capacity, it is permissible to upgrade the generator installation (carry out the alterations)
maintaining the neutral-earth connection within the generators and a permanent label
indicating any neutral-earth link in place shall be fixed to each switchboard supplied by the
generators in the following form:
CAUTION: NEUTRAL-EARTH CONNECTIONS ARE LOCATED AT THE
GENERATING SETS
Exception 2: Existing installations with more than two generators connected in parallel
utilizing three pole/four pole changeover devices.
Exception 3: Where an existing electrical installation is supplied by more than one
generator in parallel and the installation has a three pole/four pole changeover device and
no neutral or earthing conductors are connected in parallel the existing three pole/four
pole changeover device can remain in service.
Where an existing electrical installation is supplied by more than one generator connected
in parallel and the electrical installation has the neutral-earth connection existing within the
generators and not at the main switchboard location.
Provided the alteration is limited to no more than 35% of the existing generation capacity, it
is permissible to upgrade supply (carry out the alteration or additions) with the neutral-earth
connection remaining within the generating sets.
A permanent label indicating the neutral-earth arrangements in use shall be placed on each
switchboard supplied by the generators in the following form:
CAUTION: INSTALLATION NEUTRAL-EARTH CONNECTION LOCATED
WITHIN GENERATING SETS

2.8.3 Generating set bonding system

The following parts of the generating set shall be electrically bonded together to form the
generating set bonding system:
(a) The ‘star’ point or neutral connection of a multiple-phase output isolated winding.
(b) One output connection of a single-phase isolated output winding.
The output winding connection to the generating set bonding system shall be by
means of a permanently labelled removable link mounted adjacent to the generating
set a.c. output connections.
(c) The engine frame.
(d) The generator or alternator frame. All exposed conductive parts enclosing electrical
equipment or wiring.
(e) The ‘earth’ terminals of any socket outlets fitted.
(f) The frame connection (marked or ‘FRAME’).
When the generating set is permanently connected to a switchboard by installation wiring in
an electrical installation, the generating set neutral to frame link shall be permanently
removed.
2.8.4 Generating set windings
2.8.4.1 Multi-phase and single-phase three wire centre-tapped generating sets
The following points of the generating set windings shall be connected to the electrical
installation switchboard neutral bar:
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(a) The neutral or star point of a three-phase winding.

(b) The neutral point of a two-phase winding.
No point of the output winding shall be connected to the generating set bonding system.
Exception: In New Zealand only, when the generating set output is connected by NZ
installation wiring to a switchboard without a MEN link, the generating set output neutral
connection is to be made to the neutral busbar used for the system of supply conversion.
2.8.4.2 Single-phase portable generating sets
One output connection of a single-phase isolated output winding shall be connected to the
electrical installation switchboard neutral bar.
Exception: In New Zealand only, when the generating set output is connected by NZ
installation wiring to a switchboard without a MEN link, the generating set output neutral
connection is to be made to the neutral busbar used for the system of supply conversion.
The generating set [see Clause 2.5(b)] shall be earthed by connection to the earthing system
of the electrical installation.
Connection of the generating set to the mass of earth shall not be made by means of a
separate earth electrode.
Appendix A details the reasons that connection of the generator set bonding system of
portable generating sets to the general mass of earth is not required or recommended.

2.8.5 Connection of generating set windings

The following points, as applicable, shall be connected to the relevant neutral conductor of
the electrical installation and not be directly connected to the generating set bonding
system:
(a) The generating set winding connections referred to in Clause 2.5(b).
(b) One side of an otherwise unpolarized single-phase generating set winding.
Alternatively, the generating set windings referred to in Items (a) and (b) above may be
arranged through a protection system in a manner that ensures the disconnection of the
electrical installation in the event of an earth fault.
2.8.6 Arrangement of equipment
Switchboards for the control of a generating set or its outgoing circuits, in addition to
conforming with AS/NZS 3000, shall be equipped with such instruments, relays and control
equipment as may be necessary for safe and correct operation. All starting and shutdown
devices, isolating switches, changeover devices and other devices that may require reading
or adjustment, shall be accessible.
2.8.7 Rating
Switches, circuit-breakers, fuses, contactors, reclosers and other switchgear shall be
selected with appropriate regard to the rated values of voltage, service duty and continuous
and in-rush current of the circuits on which they are installed.
All protective devices shall be capable of safely interrupting the prospective short-circuit
current at the point where the devices are installed.
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All switchgear used to break load current shall be marked with the rated breaking and
making current capacity of the device. Switches that are not rated to interrupt the full-load
current of the circuit shall be interlocked with load-breaking devices to prevent the
possibility of the switches being opened under load.
2.8.8 Provisions for securing isolating devices
Where isolating devices are installed, means shall be provided to secure the device in the
open position.
Where the accidental opening of devices may cause a hazard, similar means of securing are
recommended for retaining the device in the closed position.
NOTE: This recommendation may apply to manual changeover switches or some switches
associated with the security of supply to safety services.
2.8.9 Indication of switch position
Where any equipment or circuit that operates at greater than extra low voltage could be
required to be worked on while activated, an isolating switch shall be provided in each
unearthed conductor supplying the equipment. Such switches shall be of the visible break
type or be marked or provided with a device to indicate clearly whether the switch is open
or closed. In addition means shall be provided for securing the device in the open position.
Where withdrawable switchgear equipment is used, the fully withdrawn position of the
switchgear, where clearly indicated, constitutes a visible break for this purpose.
NOTE: Provision of protective earthing of equipment during repair or maintenance is
recommended.

2.9 GENERATOR SWITCHBOARDS

All generator switchboards shall be—
(a) installed in accordance with the requirements of AS/NZS 3000; and
(b) constructed in accordance with AS/NZS 3439 or AS/NZS 61439 (series).

2.10 LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEMS

Depending on the geographical location, it may be necessary to protect equipment against
lightning or excessive overvoltage. Where employed, lightning or overvoltage protection
shall be located as close as practicable to the equipment it protects.
NOTE: Information on the protection of equipment against lightning is contained in
AS/NZS 3000.

2.11 GENERATING SETS CONNECTED AS NORMAL SUPPLY TO A MAIN

SWITCHBOARD IN A PERMANENT ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
2.11.1 Generating set
The generating set and associated equipment shall be installed to the applicable provisions
of this Standard.
Attention is drawn to the additional requirements for a generating set that is providing a
normal supply and is continuously running for extended periods. The reduced intervals of
engine maintenance, increased fuel storage supply arrangements, high exhaust piping
temperatures and enhanced engine cooling arrangements are typical additional requirements
to cater for extended periods of continuous operation.
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2.11.2 System of supply for generating set and main switchboard

2.11.2.1 Overcurrent protection
The generating set shall be provided with output overcurrent protection in accordance with
AS/NZS 3000 and Clause 2.6.3 of this Standard.
2.11.2.2 Connection to the electrical installation
The connection of the generating set output to the electrical installation shall be by the use
of the electrical installation consumer mains installed to AS/NZS 3000 requirements from
the generating set output terminals to the electrical installation main switchboard.
2.11.2.3 Earthing and equipotential bond connections
The generating set output shall be arranged as an isolated supply and any neutral to earth
bonding within the generating set is to be permanently removed.
A protective earthing conductor shall be run from the generating set frame connection to the
main earthing terminal/connection or bar of the electrical installation main switchboard.
The protective earthing conductor size shall be in accordance with Section 5 requirements
of AS/NZS 3000.
The neutral to earth connection shall be made in the electrical installation at the main
switchboard.
An earthing conductor, deemed to be the main earthing conductor, shall be taken from the
main earthing terminal/connection or bar in the main switchboard to an earth electrode in
accordance with Section 5 requirements of AS/NZS 3000.
NOTE: The main switchboard may form part of the generating set.

2.11.2.4 Unsuitable electrical equipment

A grid-connected inverter or re-generative load is not suitable for connection to this type of
electrical installation.
NOTE: A generating set output cannot be identified as a grid supply, nor can it absorb the energy
exported from a grid-connected inverter or regenerative load.
2.11.2.5 Connection details
The supply and protective earthing connections are shown in Figure 2.10.
2.11.3 Other systems of supply
Alternative systems of supply are permitted, and shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
NOTE: The detailed requirements for other systems of supply are outside the scope of this
Standard.

2.12 GENERATING SETS CONNECTED TO AN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

CONNECTED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY
2.12.1 General
The generating set and associated switchboards shall be installed to the applicable
provisions of this Standard.
NOTE: Typical applications being for construction and demolition sites (refer to AS/NZS 3012),
and shows and carnivals (refer to AS/NZS 3002).
2.12.2 System of supply for the generating set and switchboards
2.12.2.1 Overcurrent protection
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The generating set shall be provided with output overcurrent protection on the generating
set in accordance with AS/NZS 3000 and Clause 2.6.3 of this Standard.
2.12.2.2 Connection to switchboards
The requirements for connections to switchboards are shown in Figures 2.3 to 2.9 and
Figures 2.13, 2.15 and 2.16.

M AIN SWITCH B OAR D GENER ATIN G SE T

G e n er ator
over c urre nt
prote c t i o n
d ev i c e*
L1
N o n eutr al
L2 ear t h b o n d at
N
L3 g e n er ator set
E
N
N - BAR
Main
switch Ear t h neutr al
connection
E - BAR
L1 L 2 L 3

To l oad v i a
prote c t i o n d ev i c e s

NOTE: See Clause 2.11.1.2.

FIGURE 2.10 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE THREE-PHASE GENERATING

SET INSTALLED AS SITE SUPPLY TO THE MAIN SWITCHBOARD WITH A MEN LINK
INSTALLED
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GENER ATOR WITH INTEGR AL M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

M AIN SWITCH
L3
L2
L1

N - BAR

M EN N

E- BAR
L3
L2
L1
N
E

To re m ote
d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d
L3
L2
L2 L1
N
L3 L1 N
E
G e n er ator

To re m ote
N o n eutr al ear t h d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d
Accessed by HOLMESGLEN INSTITUTE on 27 Jul 2017 (Document currency not guaranteed when printed)

c o n n e c t i o n p er m it te d L3
at t h e g e n er ator set . L2
L1
N
E

To re m ote
d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d

NOTE: See Clause 2.11.1.2.

FIGURE 2.11 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE THREE-PHASE GENERATING

SET AND INTEGRAL SWITCHBOARD INSTALLED AS SITE SUPPLY WITH SUBMAINS
TO OTHER SITE STRUCTURES

AS/NZS 3010:2017
M AIN SWITCH B OAR D GENER ATOR
M AIN SWITCH G e n er ator over c ur r e nt
prote c t i o n d ev i c e*
L3 L3
L2 L2 N o n eutr al ear t h
L1 L1 c o n n e c t i o n at
g e n er ator set
N N
N - BAR
MEN link* E

E- BAR

L3
L2
L1
N
E

To re m ote
COPYRIGHT

d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d
L3

38
L2
L1
N
E
EE

To re m ote
d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d
L3
L2
L1
N
E

To re m ote
d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d

NOTE: See Clause 2.11.1.2.

FIGURE 2.12 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE THREE-PHASE GENERATING SET INSTALLED AS SITE SUPPLY TO
AN EXTERNAL MAIN SWITCHBOARD WITH A MEN LINK INSTALLED AND SUBMAINS TO OTHER SITE STRUCTURES
Accessed by HOLMESGLEN INSTITUTE on 27 Jul 2017 (Document currency not guaranteed when printed)

TN - S SUPPLY
Australia ONLY
M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

N or m al su p p l y
v i a m ain sw itc h(e s) N L1 L 2 L 3
and /or overc urrent
prote c t i o n
N - BAR

E - BAR
E

DISTRIBUTIO N SWITCH B OAR D GENER ATIN G SE T

Auto m at i c c han g e over d ev i c e †

M ain
COPYRIGHT

i s o l at i n g
d ev i c e M ain G e n er ator

39
d i s tr i b u t i o n sw itc h i s o l at i n g
b o ar d* g e n er ator d ev i c e*
L3
L2
E N
L1
N - BAR
N N N

Ear t h
E E e l e c tro d e
E
E - BAR

E N L1 L 2 L 3
To l oad v i a prote c t i o n d ev i c e s EE

† S y n c hro n i s at i o n a n d c o ntr o l e q u i p m e nt n ot s h ow n

AS/NZS 3010:2017
FIGURE 2.13 TYPICAL FOUR POLE/FOUR POLE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE THREE-PHASE
GENERATING SET WITH FOUR POLE LOCAL ISOLATION PERMANENTLY INSTALLED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY, CONNECTED TO A
SWITCHBOARD WITH A TN-S EARTHING SYSTEM
AS/NZS 3010:2017 40

NOTES TO FIGURE 2.13:

1 For guidance on the sizing of the neutral and earth conductors, see Clause 2.11.
2 The generator and normal supply should both be isolated when undertaking repair or maintenance of the
main switchboard.
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GENER ATOR WITH INTEGR AL M AIN SWITCH B OAR D STAN D BY GENER ATOR
G e n er ator i s o l at i n g
Chan g e over d ev i c e † d ev i c e*
M ain M ain
sw i tc h sw i tc h
L3 L3 Not e:
L2 L2 Neut r a l e a r t h
L1 L1 c on ne c t ion at
N ge ne r at or set

N - BAR

E- BAR
L3
N
L2
L1
E N
COPYRIGHT

E
To re m ote

41
d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d
L3
L2
L2
N
L3 L1 L1
N
G e n er ator E
To re m ote
N eu tr a l - e ar t h b o n d d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d
at g e n er ator s et L3
L2
L1
N
E
To re m ote
d i s tr i b u t i o n b o ar d

AS/NZS 3010:2017
NOTES:
1 See Clause 2.12.2.
2 For this application, earth electrodes are not required as they serve no benefit. See Appendix A.
FIGURE 2.14 TYPICAL FOUR POLE/FOUR POLE AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A PRIMARY
THREE-PHASE GENERATING SET INSTALLED AS SITE SUPPLY AND A SECONDARY THREE-PHASE GENERATING SET
INSTALLED AS ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY A TN-S EARTHING SYSTEM
Accessed by HOLMESGLEN INSTITUTE on 27 Jul 2017 (Document currency not guaranteed when printed)

AS/NZS 3010:2017
M A I N SW I TC H B OA R D

Normal supply via main switch

a n d ove r c u r r e n t p r o t e c t i o n
New Zealand ONLY
N L1 L2 L3

Main switchboard
TN-C incoming with
TN- C to TN- C-S
N - BAR c o nve r s i o n
MEN link

E - BAR

D I S T R I B U T I O N SW I TC H B OA R D
10 0 m A R C D*
4 Po l e /4 Po l e c h a n g e ove r d ev i c e Generating set
ove r c u r r e n t / i s o l at o r
Incoming mains isolator
L3
COPYRIGHT

N L2

42
L1
TN- C-S system of supply N
from main switchboard N
IT system Generating set
This area for E of supply N to frame link is
IT to TN- C-S not fitted
system of supply
N - BAR c o nve r s i o n

E E

E - BAR

Pr o t e c t i ve e a r t h s N L1 L 2 L 3 N L1 L 2 L 3
to essential and normal To n o r m a l s u p p l y o n l y l o a d To e s s e n t i a l l o a d v i a EE G e n e r a t i n g s e t
supply load final v i a p r o t e c t i ve d ev i c e s p r o t e c t i ve d ev i c e s
sub circuits TN- C-S system of supply TN- C-S system of supply

*Provides protection against earth fault and EPR

NOTES:
1 Provides protection against earth fault and EPR.
2 See Clause 2.7.10.2.
FIGURE 2.15 TYPICAL FOUR POLE/FOUR POLE CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A THREE-PHASE GENERATOR WITHOUT N TO
FRAME LINK FITTED WITH FOUR POLE ISOLATOR PERMANENTLY AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY, CONNECTED TO A SWITCHBOARD
WITHOUT A MEN LINK INSTALLED
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M A I N SW I TC H B OA R D

Normal supply via main switch

a n d ove r c u r r e n t p r o t e c t i o n
New Zealand ONLY
Main switchboard
TN-C incoming with
N L1
TN- C to TN- C-S
c o nve r s i o n

N - BAR

MEN link

E - BAR

EE D I S T R I B U T I O N SW I TC H B OA R D
10 0 m A R C D* Generating set
ove r c u r r e n t / i s o l at o r
2 Po l e / 2 Po l e c h a n g e ove r d ev i c e

N Incoming mains isolator

L1
COPYRIGHT

TN- C-S system of supply

from main switchboard N N N

43
E This area for
E Generating set
IT to TN- C-S
system of supply N to frame link is
N - BAR c o nve r s i o n not fitted

E - BAR

N L1 N L1
Pr o t e c t i ve e a r t h s To n o r m a l s u p p l y To e s s e n t i a l l o a d
to essential and normal o n l y l o a d v i a p r o t e c t i ve v i a p r o t e c t i ve EE G e n e r a t i n g s e t
supply load final d ev i c e s T N - C - S d ev i c e s T N - C - S
sub circuits system of supply system of supply

*Provides protection against earth fault and EPR

NOTES:

AS/NZS 3010:2017
1 Provides protection against earth fault and EPR.
2 See Clause 2.7.10.2.
FIGURE 2.16 TYPICAL TWO POLE/TWO POLE CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE-PHASE GENERATOR WITHOUT
N TO FRAME LINK FITTED WITH TWO POLE ISOLATOR PERMANENTLY AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY, CONNECTED TO A
SWITCHBOARD WITHOUT A MEN LINK INSTALLED

NZ
AS/NZS 3010:2017 44

SECTI ON 3 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

FOR P ERMANENT LY CONNECTED
GENE RATING SET S

3.1 GENERAL
This Section gives particular requirements for generating sets that are permanently
connected to electrical installations, specific equipment or services. These provisions shall
be applied in addition to the general requirements for generating sets given in Section 2 of
this Standard.

3.2 LOCATION
3.2.1 General
Permanently connected generating sets shall be located and installed in accordance with
Clause 2.2 and, in addition, means shall be provided to prevent the entrance of, or
interference by, unauthorized persons by the erection of suitable fences, screens, partitions,
walls or similar barriers. Such barriers shall not impede the access required for authorized
persons for maintenance, testing or inspection as provided in Clause 3.2.2.
This shall not preclude the installation of a generating set in an enclosure or room with
other equipment for which access is similarly restricted to authorized persons.
3.2.2 Access space for generating sets
Adequate space shall be provided around a generating set on all sides where persons are to
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pass, to enable all equipment to be safely and effectively repaired, operated and adjusted.
NOTE: Attention is drawn to additional requirements that may be specified by relevant regulatory
authorities.
3.2.3 Exit from generating set area
3.2.3.1 General
Where a permanently connected generating set is installed in a room or enclosure the
requirements of Clauses 3.2.3.2 to 3.2.3.4 shall apply.
3.2.3.2 Number of openings
At least one door or opening shall be provided to enable a person to leave the vicinity of a
generating set. However, where any generating set—
(a) has a rated output exceeding 100 kVA; or
(b) is driven by a petrol engine,
not less than two openings or doorways, spaced well apart, shall be provided.
3.2.3.3 Opening and locking of doors
All barriers or doors provided to prevent the entry of unauthorized persons to any room or
enclosure containing a generating set shall open outwards away from the generating set
without the use, on the generating set side of the door, of a key or tool.
3.2.3.4 Size of doors and openings
Doors and openings providing entrance to and exit from a generating set area shall have a
height of not less than 2.2 m from the floor or walked on surface and a width of not less
than 0.9 m.
NOTE: Larger openings may be required to enable entry of a fully assembled generating set.

3.2.4 Ventilation
Any room or enclosure containing a permanently connected generating set shall have
adequate ventilation to provide—
(a) removal of engine combustion air, removal of heat radiated from the engine,
generating set mounted radiator, exhaust system and output generator to the
generating set manufacturer’s instructions or recommendations; and
(b) removal of dangerous concentrations of toxic and explosive fumes and gasses.
NOTE: AS 1668.2 gives guidance for contaminant control in buildings using ventilation.
In rooms or enclosures that require the use of electric fan(s) for provision of cooling air for
a generating set, provide for the continued operation of such fan(s) immediately after the
shutdown of engine to remove the heat radiating from the engine and exhaust system until
the room temperature is equal to the ambient conditions.
3.2.5 Noise containment
Any room or enclosure containing a permanently connected generating set, and the exhaust
system, shall be arranged so that when the generating set is running at a maximum loading,
the noise emitted shall be less than the maximum limits specified by any relevant authority
3.2.6 Lighting
Adequate lighting shall be provided to enable—
(a) all equipment and controls to be effectively and safely operated; and
(b) in the case of generator set failure, adequate lighting shall be provided to allow
repairs to be made to any equipment requiring repair.
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3.3 GUARDING OF LIVE PARTS

3.3.1 General
In addition to conforming with the general requirements of Clause 2.5, the requirements of
Clauses 3.3.2 and 3.3.3 shall apply to permanently connected generating sets.
3.3.2 Walked on surfaces
Walked on surfaces that are located above exposed live parts shall have no openings.
Kickboards at least 0.15 m high and handrails shall be provided at all edges of the walked
on surfaces.
3.3.3 Outdoor locations
Exposed live parts in outdoor locations shall be enclosed by security fences or walls not
less than 2.5 m high and provided with danger notices in accordance with the provisions for
outdoor substations in AS 1319.

3.4 TRANSFORMERS
The secondary circuits of instrument transformers shall be effectively earthed except where
functional requirements do not permit earthing of such circuits.
Current transformers shall have provision for short-circuiting the secondary winding.

3.5 GENERATING SETS SUPPLYING SAFETY AND ESSENTIAL SERVICES

3.5.1 General
Generating sets providing supply to safety and essential services to ensure the continuation
of the electrical supply to safety and essential services such as fire and smoke control
equipment, evacuation equipment and lifts, as outlined in AS/NZS 3000, life preserving
equipment, airport safety equipment, airport traffic control and other essential services shall
conform with the additional requirements of Clauses 3.5.2 to 3.5.7 and AS/NZS 3000.
NOTE: See Figures 3.1 to 3.4 for typical arrangements.
3.5.2 Type
The generating set supplying the safety and essential services, its auxiliaries and associated
equipment shall conform with the following requirements:
(a) Where required, be capable of maintaining an adequate supply for a period sufficient
to enable the evacuation of all persons to an area of safety.
(b) Be provided with sufficient fuel for the running of the generating set for a minimum
of 2 h.
(c) Be provided with protection ensuring fire resistance for a minimum of 2 h.
(d) Be permanently connected to the electrical installation.
(e) Not be adversely affected by the failure of the normal supply.
(f) Not be used for purposes other than the supply of safety or essential services except
as permitted in Clause 3.5.5.
NOTE: The consequences of an extended loss of normal supply may also have to be taken into
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consideration.
3.5.3 Overcurrent protection
Overcurrent protective devices shall be selected and installed to avoid an overcurrent in one
circuit impairing the correct operation of other circuits. The reliability of supply, including
discrimination of overcurrent protective devices, shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
3.5.4 Paralleling sources of supply
Sources of supply not intended to be connected and operated in parallel shall be prevented
from being so connected (e.g. by switching or mechanical or electrical interlocks).
3.5.5 Supply of other than safety services or essential services
A single generating set shall not be used for purposes other than the supply of essential or
safety services in accordance with Clause 3.5.1 unless suitable precautions are taken to
ensure that the supply to the essential or safety services will not be affected by the
additional loading under any conditions of operation.
Where more than one emergency supply system provides a source of supply, such sources
may be used for the supply of other than emergency systems or safety services provided
that, in the event of failure of one source, the supply remaining available will be sufficient
for the operation of all emergency systems or safety services.
NOTE: This requirement generally necessitates the automatic load-shedding of circuits not
supplying emergency systems or safety services.

3.5.6 Automatic changeover to an emergency essential or supply system

Where an alternative supply is provided, an automatic changeover switch shall be installed
on the main switchboard to allow supply for the alternative system to be connected to the
safety services.
The time taken for automatic changeover to an emergency supply system shall not be
greater than that permitted by safety considerations for the type of load supplied.
Changeover times are classified as follows:
(a) No break An automatic supply that can ensure a continuous supply within specified
conditions during the period of transition, e.g. as regards variations in voltage and
frequency.
(b) Short break An automatic supply available within 1 s.
(c) Medium break An automatic supply available within 30 s.
(d) Long break An automatic supply available in more than 30 s.
NOTE: Where no break in supply can be tolerated, it is not uncommon for the generating set to be
run continuously as the normal supply and the electricity distribution system used as the
alternative supply system. As stated in Clause 1.1, such forms of supply are not covered in this
Standard except for minimum requirements that affect safety.
3.5.7 Switchgear
With the exception of any alarm devices, all switchgear and control gear controlling the
output of a generating set or the remote control of a generating set providing supply for
essential or safety services, shall be clearly and permanently identified and grouped in
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locations accessible only to authorized persons.

GENER ATOR
3 - Pha se
normal supply G G e n er ator

S w i tc h* S w i tc h †

M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

M ain M ain
M ain M ain sw itc h sw itc h
sw itc h sw itc h normal g e n er ator
normal g e n er ator su p p ly s afet y
su p p ly* s afet y ser v i c e s
ser v i c e s † su p p ly ‡

Auto m at i c Auto m at i c
N or m al c han g e over c han g e over S afet y
l o ad s, d ev i c e § d ev i c e § ser v i c e s,
c o nt ac tor s c o nt ac tor s
or c irc uit or no n - auto
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breaker s c ir c uit
breaker s

To g e n er a l l o ad v i a M ain sw itc h(e s)

prote c t i o n d ev i c e s s afet y ser v i c e s

* O ver c urre nt d ev i c e.
† S afet y ser v i c e s s h or t c ir c uit prote c t i o n o nly.
‡ Lo c k in g arr an g e m e nt refer AS / NZS 3 0 0 0.
§ S y n c hro n i s at i o n a n d c o ntr o l e q u i p m e nt n ot s h ow n.

NOTES:
1 Switchboard internal separation requirements in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
2 See Clause 3.5.1.

FIGURE 3.1 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR NORMAL AND GENERATOR SUPPLY

INCLUDING LOCATION OF AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER DEVICE FOR AN
INSTALLATION CONTAINING SAFETY SERVICES

GENER ATOR
N or m al
su p p ly G G e n er ator

S w i tc h*

M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

M ain M ain
M ain sw itc h sw itc h
M ain
sw itc h normal g e n er ator
sw itc h
normal s afet y s afet y
g e n er ator ‡
su p p ly* ser v i c e s ser v i c e s
su p p ly † su p p ly ‡

breaker s c ir c uit
breaker s

To g e n er a l l o ad v i a M ain sw itc h(e s)

prote c t i o n d ev i c e s s afet y ser v i c e s

NOTES:
1 Switchboard internal separation requirements in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
2 See Clause 3.5.1.

FIGURE 3.2 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR NORMAL AND GENERATOR SUPPLY

INCLUDING LOCATION OF AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER DEVICE FOR AN
INSTALLATION CONTAINING SAFETY SERVICES

GENER ATOR
N or m al
su p p ly G e n er ator G

S w i tc h*

M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

M ain M ain
M ain sw itc h sw itc h
sw itc h normal g e n er ator
normal s afet y s afet y
su p p ly* ser v i c e s ser v i c e s
su p p ly † su p p ly ‡

Auto m at i c
c han g e over S afet y
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d ev i c e § ser v i c e s,
c o nt ac tor s
or no n - auto
c ir c uit
breaker s

To g e n er a l l o ad v i a M ain sw itc h(e s)

prote c t i o n d ev i c e s s afet y ser v i c e s

* O ver c ur re nt d ev i c e.
† S afet y ser v i c e s s h or t c ir c uit prote c t i o n o nly.
‡ Lo c k in g ar r an g e m e nt refer AS / NZS 3 0 0 0.
§ S y n c hro n i s at i o n a n d c o ntr o l e q u i p m e nt n ot s h ow n.
NOTES:
1 Switchboard internal separation requirements in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
2 See Clause 3.5.1.

FIGURE 3.3 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR NORMAL SUPPLY TO ALL SERVICES

AND GENERATOR SUPPLY TO SAFETY SERVICES ONLY INCLUDING LOCATION OF
AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER DEVICE FOR AN INSTALLATION CONTAINING SAFETY
SERVICES

GENER ATOR
N or m al su p p l y
G G e n er at i n g

S w i tc h †

M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

M ain
M ain
sw itc h
sw itc h
normal
g e n er ator †
su p p ly*

Auto m at i c
c han g e over
d ev i c e §

S afet y s er v i c e s,
c o nt ac tor s or
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n o n - auto c ir c u i t
breaker s

To g e n er a l l o ad v i a M ain sw itc h(e s) s afet y ser v i c e s

prote c t i o n d ev i c e s

* O ver c urre nt d ev i c e.
† S afet y ser v i c e s s h or t c ir c uit prote c t i o n o nly.
‡ Lo c k in g arr an g e m e nt refer AS / NZS 3 0 0 0.
§ S y n c hro n i s at i o n a n d c o ntr o l e q u i p m e nt n ot s h ow n.
NOTES:
1 Switchboard internal separation requirements in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
2 See Clause 3.5.1.

FIGURE 3.4 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR NORMAL SUPPLY AND GENERATOR

SUPPLY TO ALL SERVICES INCLUDING LOCATION OF AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER
DEVICE FOR AN INSTALLATION CONTAINING SAFETY SERVICES

SECTI ON 4 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

FOR PORTABLE GENERATORS

4.1 GENERAL
This Section specifies additional requirements for generating sets that are connected to an
electrical installation by means of a detachable connection [e.g. flexible cable (or cord)
with plug and cord connector fittings].
Such connections are generally of a temporary nature where an independent or alternative
supply is required and where—
(a) the installation of a permanently connected generating set is not justified; and
(b) the connection of the generating set is expected to be carried out by non-qualified
persons.
The additional requirements shall be applied to the general requirements for generating sets
given in Section 2 of this Standard when connected by installation wiring to the appliance
inlet connector.
NOTES:
1 An example of connecting a generating set to an electrical installation main switchboard by a
detachable connection are shown in Figure 4.2 for three-phase and Figure 4.3 for
single-phase.
2 Other earthing systems Alternatives to MEN and segregated earthing systems may be
permitted, provided that the requirements of Part 1 of AS/NZS 3000 are satisfied, e.g. TN-S
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earthing.
This Section does not apply to generating sets used for the direct supply to portable tools
and appliances using the socket outlet(s) fitted to the generating set, see Appendix B for
guidance.

4.2 CONNECTION TO AN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

4.2.1 General
Where a generating set is connected to an electrical installation through a detachable
connection, the connection arrangement shall provide the connections of the corresponding
active, neutral, protective earthing and bonding conductors of the isolated output generating
set to the electrical installation.
4.2.2 Connection to an installation
Where a generating set is to be connected to an electrical installation by detachable
connection, the arrangement shall provide facilities for connection of the corresponding
active, neutral, protective earthing and bonding conductors of the generating set and the
electrical installation respectively.
4.2.3 Connection
The cord extension socket, cord extension set and socket outlet types used for low voltage
socket outlet connections shall be as follows:
(a) Single-phase—
(i) AS/NZS 3112 (3-pin flat pin) up to 15 A;
(ii) AS/NZS 3120 (3-pin flat pin) up to 15 A;
(iii) AS/NZS 3123 (round pins) above 15 A; or
(iv) IEC 60309 (round pins) above 15 A.

(b) Three-phase—
(i) AS/NZS 3123 (round pins) above 15 A; or
(ii) IEC 60309 (round pins) above 15 A.
When cord extension socket, cord extension set and socket outlet types exceeding the
current ratings available for the above listed Standards are required, the detachable
connection fittings should conform with other Australian, Australian/New Zealand or
international Standards requirements.

4.3 EARTHING AND BONDING

4.3.1 General
The earthing and equipotential bonding requirements for plug and socket outlet connected
generating sets shall be in accordance with Clause 2.8.
Attention is drawn to the provisions of Clause 2.8 which require the generating set bonding
system to be connected to the exposed conductive parts of any generating set and to the
earthing system of the electrical installation.
4.3.2 Connection of generating set windings
4.3.2.1 Multi-phase and single-phase generating sets
The active or actives of the generating set windings shall be connected to the active
conductor(s) of the switchboard of the electrical installation in accordance with
Clause 2.8.4.
The neutral of the generating set windings shall be connected to the neutral conductor of the
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switchboard of the electrical installation in accordance with Clause 2.8.1.

The generating set frame and the alternator frame shall be connected together to form a
common equipotential bonding system and shall be connected to the earth bar of the
switchboard of the electrical installation.
4.3.2.2 Earth electrode
The connection of the portable generating set equipotential bonding system to the
switchboard earthing system provides the protective earthing requirement as detailed in
AS/NZS 3000.
The connection of a portable generating set equipotential bonding system to the general
mass of earth through a separate earth electrode is not a general requirement of this
Standard.
NOTE: In New Zealand, when connecting a generator supply at a switchboard without a neutral
earth connection, an earth electrode is required in accordance with Clause 2.7.10.2 (b).
Appendix A explains why the connection of the generator equipotential bonding system to
the general mass of the earth is not permitted other than via an electrical installation’s earth
electrode in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.
4.3.2.3 Current limiting of the incoming supply
Each incoming supply to the installation from a generating set shall be protected by a
separate overcurrent protection device located within the electrical installation and,
operating in all live (active and neutral) conductors.
The operating setting of the protection device shall not exceed the rating of either the
supply conductors or the inlet fittings.

4.3.2.4 Enclosure of live parts

The electrical installation supply inlet and the generator socket outlet connection shall not
expose live parts to direct contact while disconnected or in the normal process of cord
extension set insertion or withdrawal.
The neutral pin of the electrical installation supply inlet is considered to be a live part and
shall be isolated from the main switchboard neutral connection by the changeover device
when in the normal supply or ‘off’ positions.
NOTE: See Figures 4.1 to 4.3.
4.3.2.5 Marking
Any inlet connection fitting provided for the connection of a generating set shall be
permanently marked to indicate its purpose.
The marking shall include the following wording:
ISOLATED output generating set only.
RCD protected and centre tapped generating sets shall not be connected.
4.3.2.6 Control of socket outlets
Any single- or multi-phase socket outlet installed on the generating set shall be provided
with an isolating device that operates in all active conductors.
NOTE: See Figures 4.1 to 4.3.

4.4 CONNECTION OF A PORTABLE GENERATING SET TO A DEDICATED NZ

WIRING SYSTEM—NEW ZEALAND ONLY
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In New Zealand only, for the connection of a portable generating set to a dedicated wiring
system contained in an electrical installation, see Appendix C for details.

M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

L3 GENER ATIN G SE T
L2
L1
N L1 L1
L2 L2
N
M ain L3 L3
N o n eutr al ear t h
sw itc h c o n n e c t i o n at
i n c lu d e s N
g e n er ator set
over c ur re nt
prote c t i o n N - BAR
A p p li an c e inl et E
MEN link*
L1 L 2 L 3 S o c ket
E - BAR
To l oad v i a o u t l et
COPYRIGHT

prote c t i o n d ev i c e s

55
C o r d c o n n e c to r Plu g
EE

FIGURE 4.1 TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE GENERATING SET CONNECTED VIA SOCKET AND LEAD AS THE PRIMARY
SUPPLY TO A MAIN SWITCHBOARD WHICH HAS A MEN LINK INSTALLED

AS/NZS 3010:2017
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AS/NZS 3010:2017
FIXED ELECTRICAL INSTALL ATIO N

M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

N or m al su p p ly v i a m ain sw itc h(e s)

an d /or over c ur re nt prote c t i o n
N L1 L 2 L 3

M anu al c han g e over d ev i c e † PORTAB LE GENER ATIN G SE T

OFF
M ains G e n er ator G e n er ator
su p p ly su p p ly G e n er ator I s o l at i n g
supply main
d ev i c e (m ay in c lu d e
sw itc h*
L3 L3 c ir c uit prote c t i o n)
L2 L2 L3 L3
N L1 L1
N N L2 L2
N
L1 L1

N N
COPYRIGHT

N
N - BAR
E E

56
MEN link
E - BAR 5 p in 5 p in N o N eutr al ear t h
E S o c ket-
A p p li an c e Inl et c o n n e c t i o n at
O ut l et g e n er ator set
E N L1 L 2 L 3
To l oad v i a prote c t i o n d ev i c e s

EE C or d Plu g
c o nne c tor

* In c lu d e s over c ur re nt prote c t i o n r ate d to suit t h e g e n er ator in put s o c ket an d

t h e c ur re nt c ar r y in g c a pac it y of t h e c a b l e.
† Chan g e over d ev i c e s hall in c lu d e an of f p o s it i o n w h ere n o ot h er m ain sw itc h
i s in st all e d for t h e n or m al su p p ly.

FIGURE 4.2 TYPICAL THREE POLE/FOUR POLE MANUAL CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A THREE-PHASE PORTABLE
GENERATING SET WITH THREE POLE LOCAL ISOLATION INSTALLED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY, CONNECTED VIA SOCKET
AND LEAD TO A SWITCHBOARD WITH A MEN LINK INSTALLED
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FIXED ELECTRICAL INSTALL ATIO N

M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

N or m al su p p ly v i a m ain sw itc h(e s)

an d /or over c ur re nt prote c t i o n

N L1
M anu al Chan g e over d ev i c e †

OFF PORTAB LE GENER ATIN G SE T

M ains G e n er ator G e n er ator
su p p ly su p p ly su p p ly main
sw itc h*
L1 G e n er ator I s o l at i n g
d ev i c e (m ay in c lu d e
N c ir c uit prote c t i o n)
N N L1

N N
COPYRIGHT

N
N - BAR

57
E E
MEN link
3 p in N o N eutr al ear t h
E - BAR 3 p in
E S o c ket- c o n n e c t i o n at
A p p li an c e - Inl et g e n er ator set
O ut l et
E N L1
To l oad v i a prote c t i o n d ev i c e s

* In c lu d e s over c ur re nt prote c t i o n r ate d to suit t h e g e n er ator in put s o c ket an d

AS/NZS 3010:2017
FIGURE 4.3 TYPICAL ONE POLE/TWO POLE MANUAL CHANGEOVER ARRANGEMENT FOR A SINGLE-PHASE PORTABLE
GENERATING SET WITH TWO POLE LOCAL ISOLATION INSTALLED AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY, CONNECTED VIA SOCKET AND
LEAD TO A SWITCHBOARD WITH A MEN LINK INSTALLED
AS/NZS 3010:2017 58

APPENDIX A
EARTHING REQUIREMENTS FOR GENERATING SETS CONNECTED TO
FIXED ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
(Normative)

A1 GENERAL
This Appendix specifies the earthing connections required for generating sets connected to
an electrical installation as an alternative source of supply.
This Appendix explains the reasons why an earth electrode is not required or recommended
to be connected to the generator set.

A2 EARTHING OF GENERATING SETS CONNECTED TO AN ELECTRICAL

INSTALLATION BY INSTALLATION WIRING
A2.1 System of supply
Where an electrical installation is arranged to operate from multiple sources of supply
(such as occurs when normally supplied by an electricity distributor’s network, or
alternatively from a generating set output), the system of supply configuration connected to
the installation loading shall be the same system of supply, e.g. MEN, irrespective of the
supply source.
This means that the connection to earth of the neutral and earthing connections of the
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generating set shall use the same earthing and neutral bonding connection points in the
electrical installation.
A2.2 Earth electrode
As the electrical installation main switchboard will have an earthing system with an earth
electrode in accordance with the requirements of AS/NZS 3000, the installation of an
additional earth electrode for exclusive use by the generating set is not required.
A2.3 Earth bonding of neutral connection
The bonding of the generating set neutral connection to earth is dependent on the system of
supply required MEN. The connection of the generating set neutral to the neutral busbar of
the main switchboard MEN is the only connection required.
Figure A1 details the output connections required and shows the path of earth fault current
(dotted line) under earth fault conditions located near the load when the generating set is
supplying the load.
On the occurrence of an earth fault near the load; earth fault current flows through the
generating set active overcurrent protection device → changeover device → final subcircuit
protective device → control switch of the load → the earth fault → final subcircuit earth
conductor → MEN link → generating set neutral conductor to the overcurrent device in the
generating set.
The earth fault current flow would be interrupted by the tripping of the generating set
overcurrent protection or final subcircuit protection.
On the occurrence of a fault between the live conductors, fault current will flow in the live
conductors only and trip the overcurrent device in the generating set.

M AIN SWITCH B OAR D

To m ain s su p p ly v i a
m ain sw itc h an d
prote c t i ve d ev i c e s ISO L ATED OUTPUT GENER ATOR SE T
N A
Chan g e over d ev i c e

O ver c urre nt
prote c t i o n

Ear t h
fault
N B ar c urre nt
M EN Fr am e
E B ar

Final sub
c ir c uit
prote c t i o n

E N A
Ear t h fault
c urre nt pat h
C o ntr o l
sw itc h
EE Load

Ear t h fault
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FIGURE A1 TYPICAL EARTH FAULT PATH FOR GENERATING SETS CONNECTED TO

FIXED ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

APPENDIX B
NZ
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PORTABLE GENERATING SETS SUPPLYING
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT (NEW ZEALAND ONLY)
(Informative)

B1 GENERAL
This Appendix provides information on portable or semi-portable generating sets and the
equipotential bonding connections that are required for connection of a generating set to
electrical appliances, electrical equipment or portable tools by means of detachable plug
and socket outlet connections.
This Appendix does not detail the use of terminals on the generating set as the means of
connection between the generating set and directly connected electrical appliances,
electrical equipment or portable tools, as this form of connection would require connection
by licensed electrical workers only.
This Appendix also covers the use of reduced low voltage (RLV) to supply electrical tools
operating at 110 V supply at voltages no greater than 55 V (single-phase) or 63.5 V
(three-phase) to earth when the generating set is being used to power portable tools in
tunnelling locations. Details for reduced low voltage generating sets are contained in
Paragraph B5.

B2 PORTABLE GENERATING SET CONFIGURATIONS

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B2.1 System of supply

The system of supply provided by the generating set configuration should be one of the
following:
(a) Isolated output—single-phase or multi-phase (two-phase or three-phase).
(b) RCD protected output—single-phase or multi-phase (two-phase or three-phase).
(c) Isolated output with enhanced personal protection by use of an insulation monitoring
device (IMD) in accordance with IEC 61557-8.
(d) Isolated output provided by a generator set with an electronic inverter module fitted.
(e) Reduced low voltage (RLV) generating sets.
B2.2 Earthing and equipotential bonding
When a generating set output is arranged to directly supply electrical equipment, such as
electrical appliances and portable tools, the earthing connections of the electrical equipment
and the generating set are arranged to form a common equipotential bonding system.
This equipotential bonding arrangement ensures that the correct operation of overcurrent,
and residual current devices if any, under earth fault conditions and that all earth fault
leakage currents are returned to the generating set output connections.
The equipotential bonding system additionally provides touch voltage control between the
conductive surfaces of the generating set and any electrical equipment fittings being
supplied by the generating set.

B2.3 Bonding of output winding to generating set frame

B2.3.1 Isolated supply
The generating set output winding is isolated from the frame of the generating set to
provide electrical separation (isolated) supply to AS/NZS 3000 requirements.
Figure B1 single-phase and Figure B2 three-phase shows the internal wiring of the
generating sets.
Figure B3 details the output connections and details the fault current paths under the fault
conditions shown.

PORTAB LE GENER ATIN G SE T

O ver l oad
prote c t i o n
d ev i c e*
L1

L1 N L1 N
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Eq ui p ote nt i al b o n d

* Rate d to suit g e n er ator s o c ket r at in g an d c a b l e c urre nt c arr y in g c a pac it y

FIGURE B1 ISOLATED OUTPUT SINGLE-PHASE GENERATING SET

ISO L ATED OUTPUT THREE PHASE GENER ATING SE T

CO NFOR MING WITH APPENDIX D

O ver l oad an d s o c ket

o u t l et i s o l ato r

Fr am e

N eu tr a l to
fr am e link
n ot f i t te d
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3 p ha se + N + E
s o c ket o u t l et

Fr am e

FIGURE B2 ISOLATED OUTPUT THREE-PHASE GENERATING SET

Cl a s s I fi t t in g

S e par ate d (Is o l ate d)

out put O ver c ur re nt
Ear t h fault 1
g e n er ator s et prote c t i o n
L1

B et we e n li ve
G C o ntro l Load
c o n d u c tor s
sw i tc h
faul t

Earth fault current path with earth fault 1 + earth fault 2

Ear t h fault 2
EB

Fr am e Plu g an d s o c ket
connection

FIGURE B3 SEPARATED (ISOLATED) SUPPLY EARTH FAULT CURRENT PATHS

On the occurrence of earth fault 1 only, or, earth fault 2 only, no fault current will flow, but
one side of the generator output will be connected to the external conductive part of the
Class I equipment connected to the generating set. As the generator output is isolated with
respect to the equipotential bonding system, there is no return path to the generating set
output and no earth fault current flows.
On the simultaneous occurrence of earth fault 1 and earth fault 2 together, fault current
flows through the earth faults 1 and 2 and would trip the overcurrent device in the
generating set. Figure B3 shows the path of earth fault current under fault conditions.
On the occurrence of a fault between the live conductors only (see Figure B3), fault current
will flow in the live conductors only and trip the overcurrent protection device in the
generating set.
If an earth electrode is connected to the generating set frame, this does not form part of a
low impedance earth fault current loop and hence the provision of this connection to the
mass of earth is not recommended or required. The main earth fault loop is comprised of the
equipotential bonding system and the live conductors.
B2.3.2 RCD protected supply
A neutral to frame connection is fitted on RCD protected output generating sets only, to
provide the correct operation of an in-built RCD fitted for personal safety purposes.
The RCD Type fitted should correctly operate on the output waveform of the generating set.
The RCD should operate in all live conductors, including the neutral connection.
In New Zealand only, the RCD should be of a type for which tripping is ensured for
residual alternating current and residual pulsating direct current.
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A typical generating set wiring is given in Figure B4.

PORTAB LE GENER ATIN G SE T

O ver l oad
prote c t i o n
RCD d ev i c e*
L1

L1 N L1 N

N eutr al ear t h b o n d
u p s tream of RCD to
e q u i p ote nt i a l b o n d

Eq ui p ote nt i al b o n d

* Rate d to suit g e n er ator s o c ket r at in g an d c a b l e c ur re nt c ar r y in g c a pac it y

FIGURE B4 RCD PROTECTED SINGLE-PHASE GENERATING SET

B2.3.3 RCD protected generators

When a RCBO (or RCCB + MCB) is used to detect earth fault or earth leakage current
conditions in the equipotential bonding system, the star point of three-phase generators or
one side of single-phase generators should be connected to the equipotential bonding
system to provide a return path of earth leakage currents to a point upstream of the RCBO
in order to operate or trip the RCBO when the earth leakage current rises above the RCBO
residual current rating.
On the occurrence of a fault between live conductors (see Figure B5), fault current will
flow in the live conductors and trip the overcurrent section of the RCBO (or MCB) in the
generating set.
NOTE: Figure B5 details the connections and the path of earth fault current (dotted line) under
fault conditions.

RCBO Cl a s s I fit t in g
RCD prote c te d O ver c ur re nt an d ear t h
g e n er at i n g s et l eakag e d ete c t i o n
Earth fault current

C o ntro l sw i tc h
B et we e n li ve
G c o n d u c tor s Load
fault

N
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Ear t h fault
N eu tr a l to
fr am e link EB

Fr am e
Plu g an d s o c ket
connection

FIGURE B5 RCD PROTECTED SUPPLY EARTH FAULT CURRENT PATH

B2.3.4 Enhanced personal safety supply
The fitting of an insulation monitoring device (IMD) in accordance with IEC 61557-8 is
required to provide enhanced personal safety and should be connected and installed to the
manufacturer’s instructions.
The IMD should be located in the generating set or be contained in a detachable outlet box
or switchboard.
A typical IMD connection is shown in Figure B6, the IMD should control the output from
the generating set by use of a contactor or shunt trip coil fitted to the generating set
overcurrent protection MCB.
The generating set output should be isolated from the frame of the generating set to provide
electrical separation (isolated) supply to AS/NZS 3000 requirements.
When an IMD is fitted, the generating set should be permanently marked ‘Insulation
monitoring device fitted. Maximum lead length permitted is 500 m’. If the IMD
manufacturer’s instructions specify a different maximum length other than 500 m, that
maximum length should be used.
An IMD fitted in an isolated output generator or a portable socket outlet assembly are
shown in Figures B6 and B7 respectively. The connections shown for the IMD are typical
only. The IMD wiring connections to be used should be those detailed in the manufacturer’s
instructions.

B2.3.5 Insulation monitor device (IMD) protected generators operation

When the generating set is running and a output supply is available, the IMD device
continuously monitors the insulation resistance between the generating set isolated output
live conductors and the equipotential bonding connections of the generating set, connecting
cables and the load connected to the generating set output.
If the insulation resistance drops below a pre-set value due to insulation failure, the
generating set output should automatically disconnect the supply to the load.

O ver c ur re nt
prote c t i o n M C B

Fr am e
In p u t prote c t i o n
fu se s 6 A Iso l at io n /c urrent
limiting MCBs
m a x i m u m r at i n g
i s t h e c ur r e nt
M C B s hu nt
r at i n g of s o c ket
Tr i p u n i t
o u t l et

S o c ket o u t l et 1 S o c ket o u t l et X
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Te st /re set

Test/reset Sensing Supply

NOT E: I M D w i r i ng is t y pica l on ly, u se I M D
m a nu fa ct u r e r s i n st r uct ion s for a ct u a l w i r i ng.
In s u l at i o n M o n i to r i n g
D ev i c e (IM D) to
IEC 615 57- 8

FIGURE B6 ISOLATED OUTPUT GENERATOR WITH BUILT-IN INSULATION

MONITORING DEVICE

3 p in p lu g O ver c ur re nt
a n d f l ex i b l e prote c t i o n for
c or d c o n n e c t i o n connection cable
cable an d p lu g M C B

6 A Iso l at io n /c urrent
fu ses limiting MCBs
m a x i m u m r at i n g
Supply must i s t h e c ur r e nt
c o m e fro m an r at i n g of s o c ket
i s o l ate d o u t p u t M C B s hu nt o u t l et
g e n er ator s et Tr i p u n i t

S o c ket o u t l et 1 S o c ket o u t l et X

Te st /re set

Test/reset Sensing Supply

NOT E: I M D w i r i ng is t y pica l on ly, u se I M D
m a nu fa ct u r e r s i n st r uct ion s for a ct u a l w i r i ng.
In s u l at i o n M o n i to r i n g
D ev i c e (IM D) to
IEC 615 57- 8
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FIGURE B7 PORTABLE SOCKET OUTLET ASSEMBLY WITH INSULATION

MONITORING DEVICE

B2.3.6 Isolated output provided by an electronic inverter module

For generating sets fitted with an electronic inverter module, the output is isolated from the
inverter output and frame of the generating set to provide electrical separation (isolated)
supply to AS/NZS 3000 requirements.
NOTE: See Figure B9 for typical details of this type of generating set.
On the occurrence of earth fault in the generating set in the load connected, the earth fault
current clearance will be as detailed for an isolated output generating set detailed in
Paragraph B2.3.1.
B2.4 Generating set output connections
B2.4.1 Socket outlet types
The following socket outlet types are to be used:
(a) AS/NZS 3112 (3-pin flat pin) for single-phase up to 15 A.
(b) IEC 60309 or AS/NZS 3123 (round pins) for single-phase 15 A and above.
(c) IEC 60309 or AS/NZS 3123 (round pins) for three or two-phase + N.
(d) AS/NZS 3120 (3-pin flat pin) for single-phase up to 15 A.
When cord extension socket, cord extension set and socket outlet types exceeding the
current ratings available for the above listed Standards are required, the detachable
connection fittings should conform with other Australian, Australian/New Zealand or
international Standards requirements.

For single-phase generating sets only, with a rated output up 4 kW, the output connection
should be made only by socket outlets in accordance with AS/NZS 3112 or AS/NZS 3120.
B2.4.2 Socket outlet control switching
The circuit-breaker provided for generating set overcurrent protection may be used for the
control for a maximum of two adjacent socket outlets.
If three or more socket outlets are provided on the generating set, or, are contained in a
switchboard fixed or adjacent to the generating set, the following requirements apply:
(a) All socket outlets should be individually controlled by an adjacent control switch.
(b) All switches or overcurrent devices should operate in all live poles (including the
neutral conductor).
(c) The rating of the overcurrent device should not exceed the rating of the smallest
rating socket outlet.
(d) The designated earthing terminals of all socket outlets should be connected to the
equipotential bonding conductor and the generating set frame to AS/NZS 3000
requirements for a separated (isolated) supply or RCD protected supply.
(e) For an attached switchboard only, the total loading of the input to switchboard should
be limited by a switchboard mounted circuit-breaker; the maximum current rating
should be the lesser of the plug rating or the current rating of the connecting cord to
the supply source.

B3 LIMITATIONS FOR THE SUPPLY TO MULTIPLE ITEMS OF ELECTRICAL

EQUIPMENT FROM A GENERATING SET
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B3.1 Isolated supply

The provisions of AS/NZS 3000 for separated (isolated) supply apply to the supply
arrangements of multiple items of electrical equipment when operating from an isolated
output supply from a generating set.
B3.2 RCD protected supply
The 30 mA RCD provided for the generating set supply output will provide earth leakage
protection for all equipment connected to the generating set. There are no limitations to the
number of Class I and Class II electrical equipment that can be supplied, other than a limit
imposed by the sum of the leakage currents from all operating electrical equipment.
B3.3 IMD protected supply
When the generating set output is available the IMD provides continuous monitoring of the
insulation resistance between live parts and equipotential bonding of the generator set and
the connected loading will detect any insulation failure and then automatically disconnect
the supply.
There are no limitations to the number of Class I and Class II electrical equipment that can
be supplied, other than a limit imposed by the sum of the insulation resistance from all
electrical equipment when connected in parallel, and the maximum length of 500 m or the
IMD manufacturer’s maximum cord length recommendation, whichever is the lesser, for the
extension cords connecting the generating set and the connected load.
B3.4 Electronic inverter type supply
The output of an electronic inverter supply has the same limitations as for Paragraph B3.1.

B3.5 Externally connected multiple socket outlet connections

B3.5.1 Using a distribution switchboard
With portable or semi-portable generating sets a distribution board or switchboard may be
used to provide additional socket outlets; each socket outlet should have overcurrent
protection in all live conductors, including the neutral connection. The overcurrent
protection rating should not exceed the rating of the socket outlet it is protecting.
NOTE: Figure B8 gives a typical example of a distribution outlet box or switchboard.

ISO L ATED OUTPUT

GENER ATIN G SE T DISTRIBUTIO N SWITCH B OAR D

O ver c urre nt Iso l at ing

prote c t i o n M C B sw itc h

Iso l at io n /c urrent
limiting M C B s
Fr am e m a x i m u m r at i n g
i s t h e c urre nt
r at i n g of s o c ket
o u t l et

S o c ket out l et 1 S o c ket out l et X

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FIGURE B8 GENERATING SET WITH DISTRIBUTION SWITCHBOARD

B3.5.2 Use of portable socket outlet assembly (PSOA)

A PSOA in accordance with AS/NZS 3012 or AS/NZS 3190 may be used for the provision
of multiple socket outlets when plug connected to portable generating sets with an isolated
output or RCD protected system of supply.

B4 ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS FOR GENERATING SETS WITH AN

ELECTRONIC INVERTER MODULE
B4.1 General
An electronic inverter module capable of providing a constant frequency sine wave with a
closed voltage controlled output with a very low harmonic content may be used in the
supply for the operation of computer equipment and other electronic equipment. This allows
for some variations of the requirements detailed above in this appendix to be made for this
type of generating set.
NOTE: See Paragraphs B4.2 to B4.4 for further information.
B4.2 Engine
In periods of light loading, without loads containing motors, the engine speed may be
reduced to lower the a.c. power input to the inverter module. In periods of high loading and
when motor starting currents are needed, the engine should run at the normal speed.

B4.3 Engine coupled generator

The engine coupled generator provides for an a.c. supply to the input of the inverter
module, the engine speed is able to be varied and hence the input frequency into the
inverter module will also vary, but the generating set output frequency will be fixed by the
inverter module output.
The engine coupled mounted generator may also provide an ELV input to the inverter
module for ELV battery charging.
B4.4 Inverter module
The LV and ELV outputs from the inverter modules may be provided with in-built
electronic overcurrent protection. The fitting of external overcurrent protection devices is
required and may be used as the output isolation switch.
The LV and the ELV inputs and outputs from the inverter module should be isolated from
each other.
NOTE: A typical arrangement is shown in Figure B9.

O ver c urre nt
prote c t i o n / i s o l ater

A .C. & D.C.

g e n er ator s

Inver ter &

e l e c tr o n i c
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over lan d
module En g in e r un
Var ia b l e
speed En g in e
engine c o ntro l s

ELV D C LV AC
Fr am e

E x planator y only

FIGURE B9 GENERATOR SET WITH INVERTER MODULE

B5 REDUCED LOW VOLTAGE GENERATING SETS

B5.1 Use of reduced low voltage generating sets
Generating sets supplying 110 V a.c. tools should conform with Paragraph B5.
B5.2 Output supply configuration
The output supply configuration should be a maximum of 110 V a.c. at 50 Hz with a centre
tapped output winding that should be connected to the generating set frame, to form a
single-phase output supply in which no live part can exceed 55 V with respect to the engine
frame.

B5.3 Output overcurrent protection

The single-phase socket outlet overcurrent protection should be provided by a two pole
MCB in the unearthed connections from the generator, the rating should not exceed the
maximum rating of the generator set output. Figure B10 gives details of a typical generating
set.
B5.4 Socket outlet type
The single-phase socket outlet type should be IEC 60309 with the socket outlet keyway
position in the 110 V 50 Hz supply position and should be coloured ‘Yellow’. The earth
terminal of the socket outlet should be bonded to the generating set frame.
B5.5 Electrical performance
The single-phase electrical performance, voltage regulation should conform with
Paragraph D6.1. With the exception that the output voltage should be 110 V with a centre
tap output winding connection to the generating set engine bonding system so that no live
part exceeds reduced low voltage.

REDUCED LOW VO LTAGE 110 VO LTS

GENER ATIN G SE T CO M PLYIN G WITH APPEN DIX D

110 Vo l t w i n d i n g w i t h
c e ntre t a p c o n n e c te d
to fr am e

L1
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O ver c ur re nt prote c t i o n &

s o c ket o ut l et i s o l ator

Fr am e

IEC 6 0 3 0 9 110 V
s o c ket o ut l et to
be labelled
“ REDUCED LOW
VO LTAGE
110 VO LT
EQ UIPM ENT
O N LY ”

FIGURE B10 REDUCED LOW VOLTAGE SINGLE-PHASE GENERATING SET WITH

110 V IEC 60309 SOCKET OUTLET

B5.6 Three-phase supply

The principles of Paragraphs B5.2 to B5.4 also apply to three-phase sets, excepting that
overcurrent protection should be four pole (three-phase + N) and socket outlet should be
three-phase + N + E to IEC 60309 for 110 V 50 Hz supply and should be coloured
‘Yellow’. The maximum voltage from an active conductor to the generating set frame is
63.5 V and between the active (phase) conductors the maximum voltage should not exceed
110 V.
B5.7 Engine recommendations for tunnelling applications
B5.7.1 Type
The type used should be a compression ignition diesel engine. The safety requirements
should be accordance with AS/NZS 3584.1. The use of any other of engine type is not
permitted.
B5.7.2 Exhaust gas conditioning/catalytic converter
The exhaust system should be fitted with exhaust gas conditioning. A catalytic converter
should be fitted if possible.

B6 PROVISION OF AN EARTH ELECTRODE FOR THE PORTABLE

GENERATING SETS
The provision of an earth electrode for the generating set is not a requirement of this
Standard.
The equipotential bonding connections of the generating set output, connecting leads and
the earth connections of the electrical equipment connected, ensures that all earth fault
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currents will operate or trip the overcurrent or earth leakage devices fitted to the generating
set to automatically disconnect the supply.
If an earth electrode is connected to the generating set frame, this does not form part of a
low impedance earth fault current loop and then the provision of this connection to the mass
of earth is not recommended or required. The main earth fault loop is comprised of the
equipotential bonding system and the live conductors.

APPENDIX C NZ
DEDICATED WIRING IN AN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION FOR
CONNECTION OF A PORTABLE GENERATING SET (NEW ZEALAND ONLY)
(Normative)

C1 CONNECTION OF THE DEDICATED WIRING SYSTEM TO A GENERATING

SET
C1.1 Design
The dedicated wiring system for the distribution of a portable generating set output within
an electrical installation shall conform with the following:
(a) The system shall be single-phase.
(b) The dedicated wiring system shall have a maximum rating of 3.5 kW (15 A at 230 V).
(c) The generating set when connected to the dedicated wiring system shall be located in
a well-ventilated position to allow safe escape of engine exhaust fumes and to provide
adequate cooling of the generating set when running.
(d) The generating set connection to the dedicated wiring system by a supply lead shall
be by one of the following:
(i) When a detachable supply lead is to be used for the connection of the dedicated
wiring system to a generating set output, a labelled 10 A or 15 A appliance inlet
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in accordance with AS/NZS 3112 shall be used. The appliance inlet shall have a
minimum degree of protection of IP24.
(ii) When a permanently connected flexible supply lead is to be used for the
connection of the dedicated wiring system to a generating set output, a
permanent connecting facility (e.g. a junction box) mounted on the building
shall be provided for the connection of the flexible supply lead to the
installation wiring of the installation. The flexible supply lead shall be fitted
with a 10 A or 15 A 3-pin plug in accordance with AS/NZS 3112.
The flexible supply lead shall be securely anchored at the point of connection to
the building dedicated wiring system and a suitable means for the storage of the
flexible supply lead when not in use shall be provided.
(e) The flexible supply lead used for connecting the generating set and the dedicated
wiring system shall be protected from overcurrent by a two pole MCB (for both active
and neutral conductors) with a rating of the inlet plug rating or the flexible supply
lead current rating, whichever is the lesser value.
(f) The dedicated wiring system shall include a facility for isolation of the inlet fitting
from the rest of the system.
NOTE: This function may be performed by the overcurrent protection device.
The connection device shall be suitably protected to provide a minimum degree of
protection of IP24.
NOTE: The generating set overcurrent protection system provides the overcurrent protection
of the generating set only. It may not provide system overcurrent protection for the dedicated
wiring system, which will require a setting suitable for that system.

(g) The dedicated wiring system in the building structure shall be completely isolated
(active, neutral and earth) from any other installation wiring in the structure,
including any switchboard enclosure, flush boxes provided for the fixing of socket
outlets and any connection to the earthing system of the electrical installation.
All cables shall be physically separated to AS/NZS 3000 requirements, as required for
a different electrical installation, by a minimum distance of 25 mm.
(h) The dedicated installation wiring system shall be connected to a limited number of
permanently marked double pole switched 10 A socket outlets (for both active and
neutral conductors) in accordance with AS/NZS 3112, connected for operation from a
portable generating set output.
(i) The wiring connections shall conform with Figure C1.
NOTES:
1 The total isolation of the dedicated wiring system is to provide isolation from the earthing
system of the electrical installation and to prevent any possibility of back feeding of the
portable generating set output into the electricity distributors supply system connected to any
switchboard of the electrical installation.
2 The total isolation of the dedicated wiring system enables any configuration of portable
generating set conform with Paragraph B2.1 requirements, excepting a reduced low voltage
generating set, to be used.

C2 VERIFICATION
To confirm that the requirements of this Appendix have been met, after completion and
before use, the dedicated wiring system shall be—
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(a) inspected, as far as practical; and

(b) tested as detailed in Section 8 of AS/NZS 3000:2007, and the following additional
requirements:
(i) Equipotential earth bonding continuity.
(ii) Correct labelling ‘GENERATING SET POWER ONLY’ on the appliance inlet,
overcurrent device and all socket outlets.
(iii) All dedicated wiring is at least 25 mm away from other electrical installation
cabling.
(iv) All dedicated wiring does not enter any electrical installation switchboard
enclosure, flush boxes or socket outlet fittings that are connected to other
sources of normal power.
(v) All switching devices and the overcurrent device operate in all live poles
(active and neutral).

AS/NZS 3010:2017
2 Po l e M C B m a x imum r at in g i s n ot greater t han c urre nt
New Zealand ONLY r at in g of inl et p lu g an d l o c ate d ad j ac e nt to t h e inl et p lu g

A N

Inl et p l u g
m o u nte d E
E x te n s i o n c or d o n b u il d i n g
ex ter i or
m ar ke d
“ G e n er ator
p ower o nly ”

10 A d ou b l e p o l e sw itc h e d
s o c ket out l et s m ar ke d
AC “ G e n er ator p ower o nly ”
G e n er ator O pt i o n 1

2 Po l e M C B m a x imum r at in g i s n ot greater t han c urre nt

r at in g of c o n n e c t in g p lu g or fl ex i b l e su p p ly c or d r at in g.
M C B to b e m ar ke d ‘G e n er ator p ower o nly ”

74
A N

Por t a b l e g e n er ator set w it h over c urre nt

prote c t i o n l o c ate d out s i d e buil d in g.
E
Is o l ate d w in d in g g e n er ate d set s h ow n,
but c an b e RCD prote c te d or IM D
prote c te d t y p e s. Fl ex i b l e c or d an d 3 p in p lu g for c o n n e c t i o n
to g e n er ator set s o c ket out l et . Prov i d e
e n c l o s ure for c or d s to r ag e w h e n n ot i n u s e.

O pt i o n 2
NOT ES:
1. A l l w i r i ng for p or t able ge ne r at or set out put i n side t he ele ct r ica l i n st a l lat ion t o b e seg regat e d f rom ele ct r ica l i n st a l lat ion w i r i ng t o
AS/ NZS 30 0 0 re qu i re me nt s of a d i f fe re nt ele ct r ica l i n st a l lat ion.
2. No w i r i ng sh a l l pa s s t h roug h a ny sw it chb oa rd e nclos u re of t he ele ct r ica l i n st a l lat ion a nd i nclude s a ny f lu sh b oxe s for t he mou nt i ng
of t he ele ct r ica l f it t i ngs i n t he ele ct r ica l i n st a l lat ion.

FIGURE C1 DEDICATED WIRING SYSTEM IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION FOR CONNECTION OF A PORTABLE

GENERATING SET
75 AS/NZS 3010:2017

APPENDIX D
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-CONTAINED
TRANSPORTABLE GENERATING SETS UP TO 25 KW
(Normative)

D1 SCOPE
This Appendix sets out the requirements for the construction of self-contained transportable
electricity generating sets driven by internal combustion engines and intended to provide a
50 Hz a.c. supply, of low voltage, single-phase, two- or three-phase, with a maximum
output up to 25 kW.
They may be portable, semi-portable, transportable, or mobile.
The generating sets are typically standard manufactured sets and are often selected from a
commercial catalogue or leaflet.
This Appendix does not apply to generating sets intended solely for charging batteries at
ELV.
For electrical safety requirements, this Standard shall be read in conjunction with
AS/NZS 3000, AS/NZS 3100 and AS/NZS 3820.
NOTES:
1 A generating set may include a separate extra-low voltage d.c. output, e.g. 12 V, for battery-
charging purposes.
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2 The terms ‘extra-low voltage’ and ‘low voltage’ are as defined in AS/NZS 3000 and
AS/NZS 3100.
3 Generating sets conforming with this Appendix are not normally suitable for operation in
parallel with other sets or with reticulated supply because of the lack of controls and
instrumentation suitable for controlling generating sets running in parallel with the normal
supply.

D2 SERVICE CONDITIONS
A generating set shall be suitable for use under the following service conditions:
(a) Ambient temperature:
(i) Maximum 40°C.
(ii) Minimum 15°C.
(b) Altitude Up to 1000 m above sea level.
(c) Protection against the weather Either—
(i) for undercover or weather-protected usage—having no inherent protection
against rain; or
(ii) for outdoor use—without further protection from the weather (see
Paragraph D7.3.)
(d) Fuels and lubricants Use readily available fuels and lubricants.

D3 SAFETY
D3.1 Electrical safety
D3.1.1 Design, construction and materials
The design, construction, materials, equipment and components used, and the workmanship
involved, shall be in accordance with the requirements of AS/NZS 3100.
D3.1.2 Identification of conductors
Conductors shall be identified as specified in AS/NZS 3100. Conductors which are
connected, directly or indirectly, to the frame (see Paragraph D3.1.9) shall be considered to
be earthing conductors.
D3.1.3 Overload protection
Overload protection shall be by means of circuit-breaker(s) or fuse(s), by inherent circuit
regulation, by stalling the engine (for generating sets up to 15 kW), or by other suitable
means.
Where circuit-breakers are used, they shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 60898.
Fuses holders shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 3100 and the fuse links with
AS/NZS 60269.
NOTE: Small generating sets have very limited overcurrent capability in excess of the full load
rating, checking the generator (alternator) and protective device manufacturer’s information will
be necessary to select the correct current rating and type of protective device to provide adequate
protection.
When an electronic module device (EMD) is used to provide a stable voltage and frequency
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output, the electronic module device may be used for overload protection in addition to any
external overcurrent devices.
D3.1.4 Switching in output circuits
Switching in output circuits shall be provided by either—
(a) a main switch; or
(b) individual all live pole (active(s) and neutral) switches for each socket outlet.
A circuit-breaker shall be acceptable as a main switch.
The outlet individual switch on socket outlets shall be in accordance with the requirements
of AS/NZS 3133 or AS/NZS 60947 (series).
Exception: The main switch in the output circuit may be used as a common switch instead
of individual socket outlet switches for up to two adjacent socket outlets.
D3.1.5 Arrangement of live parts, conductors and cables
Live parts shall be arranged in accordance with AS/NZS 3100 requirements.
Where a low voltage output and an extra-low voltage output are available simultaneously,
accessible extra-low voltage wiring, e.g. battery charging circuits derived from the
generator, shall be separated by double insulation from the low voltage circuits, refer to
AS/NZS 3100 for details.
Conductors and cables shall be protected as specified in AS/NZS 3100. All unsupported
conductors shall be stranded and no strand shall exceed 0.67 mm (nominal) diameter.
D3.1.6 Joints and connections
Joints and connections shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 3100 requirements.

D3.1.7 Guarding and insulation of live parts

All live parts, including any ‘neutral’ parts, shall be guarded and insulated in accordance
with AS/NZS 3100 requirements.
D3.1.8 Equipotential bonding (earthing) facilities
The following parts shall be in effective electrical contact with each other:
(a) The engine frame.
(b) The generator frame.
(c) All external metal enclosing electrical equipment or wiring.
(d) The ‘earth’ terminals of all socket outlets.
(e) The main frame terminal (marked or ‘FRAME’).
(f) The main winding, as specified in Paragraph D3.1.9.
(g) The ‘earth’ connection of any electronic circuitry that may need to be connected to
the above items.
The connections shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 3100 requirements.
D3.1.9 Connections between main winding(s) and frame
Single-phase connections between main winding(s) and the frame shall be as follows:
(a) Single-phase winding (isolated output)—the winding shall not be connected to the
frame.
(b) Single-phase winding (RCD protected)—using a 30 mA RCD in accordance with
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AS/NZS 3190, AS/NZS 61008.1 or AS/NZS 61009, or a combination socket outlet

RCD in accordance with AS/NZS 3190.
The RCD shall be of a type that operates correctly on the output supply of the
generating set.
The input neutral terminal of the RCD shall be connected to the earth terminal of the
frame, see Figure B4.
In New Zealand, the RCD type shall be of a type for which tripping is ensured for NZ
residual alternating current and residual pulsating direct current.
NOTE: This should be the only connection between the winding and the frame.
(c) Single-phase winding (isolated output) fitted with an insulation monitoring device
An insulation monitoring device (IMD) in accordance with IEC 61557-8 shall be
fitted to control the overcurrent protective device fitted with an undervoltage coil, or,
to control a series contactor.
In the event of the insulation resistance of the generator and/or the load connected
falling below a pre-set minimum resistance the IMD shall remove the supply from the
load connected to the generating set.
The IMD shall be installed to the manufacturer’s instructions.
(d) Single-phase output with an inverter module The output of the electronic inverter
module output shall not be connected to the frame.
(e) Two-phase winding The neutral or centre-tap connection shall not be connected to
the frame via a removable connection or link, when used to supply an electrical
installation connected by installation wiring or a plug and socket arrangement.

The winding connections permitted are—

(i) two-phase 120° electrical (open delta) 230 V phase-to-neutral 400 V between
phases; or
(ii) two-phase centre-tapped (180° electrical) 230 V phase-to-neutral 460 V
between phases, see Figure D1.
NOTE: The two-phase centre tapped (180° electrical) is the system of supply used for
single earth wire return distribution systems.

ISO L ATED OUTPUT T WO PHASE (18 0 DEG. ELECT.)

GENER ATIN G SE T CO M PLYIN G WITH APPEN DIX D

Two p ha se
N
G (18 0 d e g
e l e c t)
L2

O ver c ur re nt prote c t i o n &

s o c ket out l et i s o l ator

Fr am e
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S o c ket out l et to b e l a b e ll e d
“ 2 p ha se + N eutr al an d ear t h o nly ”

FIGURE D1 ISOLATED OUTPUT TWO-PHASE (180° ELECTRICAL) GENERATING SET

WITH TWO-PHASE + N SOCKET OUTLET FOR USE IN SWER DISTRIBUTION AREAS

(f) Three-phase windings (star-connected).

(g) Three-phase winding (isolated winding) The star point or neutral connection shall
not be connected to the frame.
(h) Three-phase winding connected to a four pole (three-phase + N)—30 mA RCD in
accordance with AS/NZS 3190, AS/NZS 61008 or AS/NZS 61009.
The input neutral terminal of the RCD shall be connected to the earth terminal of the
generating set frame, see Figure B2.
The RCD shall be of a type that operates correctly on the output supply of the
generating set.
In New Zealand, the RCD type shall be of a type for which tripping is ensured for NZ
residual alternating current and residual pulsating direct current.
NOTE: This should be the only connection between the winding and the frame.

(i) Three-phase winding (isolated winding) and connected to a three-phase IMD in

accordance with IEC 61557-8 shall be fitted to control the overcurrent protective
device fitted with a shunt trip coil, or, to control a series contactor.
In the event of the insulation resistance of the generator and/or the load connected falling
below a pre-set minimum resistance shall remove the supply from the load connected to the
generating set.
The IMD shall be installed to the manufacturer’s instructions.
NOTES:
1 It is considered that, in the absence of 30 mA RCD or IMD protection, a single-phase winding
is safer when isolated from the generator set frame, subject to the limitation on the number of
Class I appliances or tools on a common generator output with a separated (isolated) output as
detailed in AS/NZS 3000.
In the event of a single earth fault to frame, see Paragraph B2.3.1 for details of the clearance
of an earth fault condition.
2 Where a RCD is fitted, the connection between winding or RCD neutral input terminal and
the generator set frame is required to permit correct operation of the RCD.
If the RCD device were subsequently removed, it is likely (and recommended) that the
winding-to the generator set frame connection should also be removed.
The fitting of an RCD is unsuitable for connection of the generator set to a fixed MEN
electrical installation (where the neutral and earth are connected together on the load side of
the RCD because the RCD would trip on load due to the division of load current between the
neutral and earth conductors to the electrical installation.
3 A removable generator set connection or link is specified in Note 2 above, so that it may be
easily removed (by an appropriately licensed person) when the set is to be connected to a
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MEN electrical installation.

D3.1.10 Limiting temperatures of electrical parts
The temperatures of insulating materials shall not exceed the relevant values specified in
AS/NZS 3100. (See also Paragraph D6.3 concerning the generator.) The temperatures of
conductors shall not exceed the relevant values specified in AS/NZS 3100.
D3.1.11 Output socket outlets
Output shall be by—
(a) socket outlet(s) in accordance with AS/NZS 3112, (3-pin flat pin) 10 A or 15 A,
single-phase only; and
(b) for generating sets over 2.5 kW, single-phase and multi-phase, AS/NZS 3123 or
IEC 60309 (round pins) greater than 15 A.
Extra-low voltage socket outlets shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 3112, and shall be of
a type that does not permit AS/NZS 3112 low voltage plugs to enter the extra-low voltage
socket outlet and vice versa.
D3.1.12 Cord extension sets
Where a single-phase cord extension set rated at 10 A, 15 A, or 20 A is provided with a
generating set, they shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 3199. The flexible cord shall be
ordinary duty or heavy duty in accordance with AS/NZS 3191.
D3.2 Mechanical safety
D3.2.1 Protection from external damage
All components of a generating set, including mechanical parts, fuel systems, wiring,
switches, instruments, and controls shall be adequately protected against mechanical
damage likely to occur in normal use.

D3.2.2 Protection against moving parts

All moving parts that may cause injury to persons shall be enclosed by guards to prevent
inadvertent personal contact with such parts. A crank handle, if provided, shall be arranged
to disengage when the engine starts.
D3.2.3 Protection against disintegration of rotating parts
External rotating parts, e.g. the flywheel, shall not disintegrate at runaway speed of the
generating set.
D3.2.4 Accessibility of controls
Switch(es) or control(s) for stopping and starting the engine shall be readily accessible and
their mode of operation obvious and be permanently labelled.
Any automatic-start or remote-start arrangement shall be capable of being disabled and kept
in that state for purposes of inspection and maintenance of the generating set.
D3.2.5 Direction of rotation
Where the driving shaft or flywheel is accessible or where crank handle starting is
provided, the direction of rotation shall be marked on a suitable adjacent surface in an
obvious and permanent manner.
D3.3 Thermal safety—Protection against hot parts
All parts that in normal operation reach temperatures in excess of 120°C, e.g. the engine,
the muffler, the exhaust, the cooling system and the cooling system vent, shall be arranged
to prevent inadvertent personal contact with such parts.
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D4 PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE AND EXPLOSION

D4.1 Leakage of fuel and lubricating oil
The fuel tank and pipes shall be compatible with the fuel used and, if a gravity feed system,
be provided with a stopcock on the outlet of the fuel tank.
The fuel tank, fuel pipes and lubricating oil pipes shall not be installed in the vicinity of
high-temperature surfaces, electrical components or the air intake (to engine or generator).
The tank filling arrangement shall ensure that, when overfilled, fuel does not spill over or
flow onto hot parts or rotating parts.
D4.2 Prohibited fuel piping
Galvanized steel shall not be used in contact with diesel fuel.
D4.3 Arrangement of the exhaust
The exhaust shall be fitted with a spark arrestor in accordance with AS 1019. Exhaust gases
shall be directed away from the fuel supply system, from electrical wiring and from
controls.

D5 RATING AND PERFORMANCE

D5.1 General
D5.1.1 Total rating
All ratings shall apply to the complete generating set.
The rated power output of the generating set shall be the output available from the
generator at rated operating conditions and at standard temperature and air pressure
(refer to AS 4594.1 and AS 60034.1 or ISO 8528-8).

D5.1.2 Noise and vibration

When determined by the procedure specified in AS 2221.1, the maximum A-weighted
sound pressure level of the generating set, under both rated load and no load, shall not
exceed that specified in Table D1.

TABLE D1
MAXIMUM SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS OF
GENERATING SETS AT 7 m FROM THE REFERENCE SURFACE, dB(A)

Rated output of generating set, kW

Type of engine
2.5 >2.5 15 >15
Spark-ignition 78 80 83
Compression-ignition 80 85 90
NOTES:
1 The above maximum levels are based on typical manufacturing standards; nevertheless, many
generating sets may achieve significantly lower levels.
2 The operation of the generating set shall not be limited by harmful vibration.

D5.1.3 Fuel consumption

The fuel consumption in litres per hour, if declared by the manufacturer, shall apply after
the nominated run-in period, in normal operation at rated electrical output with all
accessories, including battery charger, if any, operational.
When measured in accordance with AS 4594.1, the fuel consumption shall be within 5% of
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the manufacturer’s rated consumption.

D5.2 Mechanical—Governing
A generating set having a rated output exceeding 15 kW shall be provided with Class A1
governing in accordance with AS 4594.4.
A generating set of rating not exceeding 15 kW shall be provided with governing such that,
when operating at rated load at governed speed and the full load is removed, the increase in
engine speed does not exceed that specified in Table D2.

TABLE D2
GOVERNING REQUIREMENTS FOR
GENERATING SETS OF RATING NOT EXCEEDING 15 kW
Maximum increase in engine speed, percentage of
Type of engine governed speed
Transient Steady state
Spark-ignition 15 10
Compression-ignition 12 8

D5.3 Cyclic irregularity of voltage

When the generating set is running at rated load and governed speed, the cyclic irregularity
of voltage shall not exceed the limits of AS 4594.5.
NOTE: This Paragraph imposes a maximum cyclic irregularity of voltage so that, under
steady-state conditions, light flicker is limited. However, there may be other causes of light
flicker.

Cyclic irregularity arises from the combined effects of engine impulses (firing strokes) and the
smoothing inertia of the flywheel and generator rotating masses. Cyclic irregularity, which varies
from cycle to cycle, is calculated from the ratio:
maximum speed  minimum speed
mean speed

When a generating set is running at rated load and governed speed, the cyclic irregularity of
1
voltage shall not exceed , i.e. 1.33%, when measured as follows:
75
(a) Plot, by direct or indirect means, the square of the voltage waveform over
10 consecutive half-cycles.
(b) Then measure the area of each half-cycle of the plot, noting the maximum, minimum,
and mean areas.
(c) Then calculate the ratio:
maximum speed  minimum speed
mean speed
D5.4 Over-speed withstand
A generating set shall withstand, without harmful effect, a speed of 120% of the rated speed
for 5 min.
D5.5 Shutdown facilities
A generating set having a rated output exceeding 15 kW, shall incorporate automatic
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shutdown devices for the following engine conditions:

(a) Low lubricating-oil pressure.
(b) High temperature of coolant (air or water).
(c) An over speed of 25%.

D6 ELECTRICAL
D6.1 Rated output
A generating set shall have a maximum continuous rating (S1 rating) in watts (or kilowatts)
at a stated power factor and be suitable for continuous running duty.
D6.2 Operation at other than the rating point
A generating set shall operate as follows:
(a) Without exceeding specified temperature limits—at rated output, rated speed, rated
power factor and at a voltage between 95% and 105% rated voltage.
(b) Without practical difficulty—at rated output, rated speed, rated voltage, and at any
power factor between 0.8 lagging and unity.
D6.3 Temperature rise
The limits of temperature rise of the various parts of a generator when driven by the engine
at rated output, and the methods of measurement shall be as specified in AS 60034.1
NOTE: For other electrical components see Paragraph D3.1.10.
D6.4 Voltage regulation and adjustment
The voltage regulation under steady-state conditions between no load and rated load shall
be within 5% of the rated voltage. No other means for the adjustment of voltage need be
provided.

D6.5 Irregularities of voltage waveform

When irregularities of voltage waveform are measured as specified in AS 60034.1, the
following limits shall apply:
(a) Waveform deviation:
(i) Generating set <2.5 kW. ..................................................................... 25% max.
(ii) Generating set >2.5 kW–15 kW. ......................................................... 20% max.
(iii) Generating set >15 kW. ...................................................................... 15% max.
NOTE: For some applications, e.g. for supply to electronic equipment, lower limits may be
necessary [see Paragraph D9(k)].
D6.6 Electromagnetic interference
The limits for electromagnetic interference shall be as follows:
(a) From spark-ignition engines as specified in AS/NZS CISPR 12.
(b) From generator and electrical circuitry as specified in AS/NZS CISPR 14.1.
D6.7 Under-speed withstand
A generator shall withstand, without overheating, normal operation at rated output at speeds
down to 95% of rated speed.
D6.8 Momentary overload
A generator should be capable of withstanding, for not less than 15 s a current of 150%
rated current, the voltage being maintained as near the rated value as possible consistent
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with the maximum capacity of the engine.

NOTE: The exact value of the voltage is not important.
D6.9 Short-circuit withstand
A generator shall be capable of withstanding a sudden short-circuit as specified below, on
all phases or on any combination of phases, at the terminals of the generator without
harmful deformation of the windings or other parts of the generator.
The peak value of the short-circuit current shall not exceed 15 times the peak value or
21 times the RMS value of the rated current.
Conformance may be checked by calculation or by test. In the latter case, the test shall be
carried out on a machine running on open-circuit at rated speed with excitation constant at a
value that will produce a generator terminal voltage not greater than the rated voltage.
A generator shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements of the test if no harmful
deformation occurs and if the windings withstand the high-voltage test specified in
AS 60034.1, after the short-circuit test.

D7 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

D7.1 General
D7.1.1 Unitary construction
The generating set shall be constructed as a unit. All parts, including the fuel tank and
engine-cooling means, e.g. radiator, shall be common mounted.
Adequate means shall be provided for lifting the set, special requirements will be included
in the information to be supplied when placing an order for the supply of the generating set
(see Paragraph D9).

D7.1.2 Location of components

Components shall be grouped according to safe practice to avoid any hazard, e.g. due to
proximity of the fuel tank and the hot exhaust parts, while providing reasonable access for
routine service, e.g. cleaning of filters and changing of fuses.
In particular, electrical wiring shall be kept clear of the exhaust, the muffler and other hot
parts.
D7.1.3 Vibration isolation
Means for minimizing transmission of vibration shall be provided as follows:
(a) Between the engine-generator combination and the chassis; alternatively underneath
the chassis.
(b) For instruments and controls where these might be affected by vibration.
D7.1.4 Accessibility of parts
Parts of a generating set requiring routine service, e.g. air and oil filters, shall have
unobstructed access and be readily accessible and serviceable without major dismantling or
the use of special tools.
D7.1.5 Weather protection
A generating set intended for undercover use should be suitable for use in light mist without
interruption of operation.
A generating set intended for outdoor use without further protection from the weather shall
conform with Paragraph D7.3.
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NOTE: For protection of electrical components, see Paragraph D7.3.

D7.2 Mechanical
D7.2.1 Fuel system
The fuel tank capacity shall be sufficient for normal operation at rated output for at least
3 h.
D7.2.2 Cooling system
The cooling system shall be suitable for continuous operation at rated output.
D7.2.3 Lubricating system
Means shall be provided for collecting drained oil into a suitable container.
D7.3 Electrical—Protection of electrical equipment against ingress of objects, dust,
and water
Electrical components, accessories and wiring shall be protected against ingress of objects,
dust, and water insofar as such might occur in normal use.
The enclosure of electrical equipment of a generating set shall have a minimum degree of
protection of not less than IP22 in accordance with AS 60529 or, for the generator, with
AS 60034.1.
The enclosure of electrical equipment of a generating set intended for outdoor use without
further protection from the weather shall have a minimum degree of protection of not less
than IP23.
NOTE: Additional protection may involve considerable additional cost (see Paragraph D9).

D8 INFORMATION
D8.1 Marking on set
The following information shall be permanently and legibly marked on a generating set:
(a) The name of the manufacturer of the set.
(b) The model number and serial number of the set.
(c) The type of fuel or fuel-oil mixture.
(d) Rated output in watts or kilowatts at a stated power factor.
(e) The voltage and frequency.
(f) Output terminal markings (unless all outputs are -socket outlets).
(g) The frame terminal: Symbol or ‘FRAME’.
(h) On a set intended for undercover or weather-protected usage, the words ‘NOT
WEATHERPROOF’.
(i) On a set intended for outdoor use without further protection, the IP classification of
its electrical equipment.
(j) A warning as follows:
WARNING: THE OUTPUT OF THIS GENERATING SET IS POTENTIALLY
LETHAL. THE SET SHALL NOT BE CONNECTED TO A FIXED ELECTRICAL
INSTALLATION BY FIXED WIRING EXCEPT BY AN APPROPRIATELY
LICENSED PERSON. SEE INSTRUCTION MANUAL.
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D8.2 Warning notices

In addition to the warning detailed in Paragraph D8.1(j), the following warnings shall be
either—
(a) marked on a generating set in accordance with Paragraph D8.1; or
(b) provided in documents supplied with a generating set.
The warnings need not be phrased as set out below but should convey the same sense:
(i) DO NOT OPERATE IN A HAZARDOUS LOCATION, E.G. WHERE THERE MAY
BE A RISK OF EXPLOSION OF PETROL FUMES, LEAKING GAS OR
EXPLOSIVE DUSTS.
(ii) DO NOT OPERATE IN A CONFINED AREA WHERE EXHAUST GASES, SMOKE
OR FUMES COULD REACH DANGEROUS CONCENTRATIONS
(iii) DO NOT REFUEL WHILE ENGINE IS RUNNING FOR PETROL DRIVEN
ENGINES.
Warnings shall also be provided, where necessary, dealing with methods of lifting the
generating set and any operating restrictions, e.g. concerning operation for long periods at
low load.
D8.3 Technical manual
A generating set shall be supplied with a technical manual that provides comprehensive
instructions concerning installation, operation and maintenance procedures. The connection
of the generating set to a fixed electrical installation should also be detailed
[see Paragraph D8.1(j)].

D9 INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED WITH ENQUIRY AND ORDER

The following information should be supplied by intending purchasers with enquiries and
orders for generating sets in accordance with this Appendix:
(a) The intended usage, or dominant load, e.g.:
(i) Leisure, sports, camping—lights, cooking appliances, refrigeration.
(ii) Light industrial—portable tools.
(iii) Domestic household—mains-failure back-up.
(iv) Industrial, construction and building trades: tools.
(v) Marine applications.
(vi) Special requirements, e.g. high ambient temperature, high altitude, or both.
(b) If the set is to drive electric motors, e.g. refrigerators, grinders, pumps, fans, air
conditioners.
(c) The intended operating periods, e.g.:
(i) Number of hours per day, week, or month, as appropriate.
(ii) Maximum usage on one occasion, in hours.
(iii) Expected usage before engine overhaul, in years.
NOTE: The specification of a lengthy period before overhaul may involve considerable
additional cost.
(d) The fuel to be used, e.g. grade of petrol; petrol-oil mixture (2-stroke); diesel; other,
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e.g. LPG.
(e) Voltage, frequency, phases, e.g. 230 V 50 Hz, single-phase.
(f) The output required, in watts or kilowatts and load power factor.
NOTES:
1 Note the marked load of each item intended for use simultaneously and add them. Make
allowance for motor-operated appliances like air conditioners, refrigerators and freezers
that briefly, on starting, take five times rated load.
2 Consider a larger output if it requires reduced variations in voltage and frequency due to
load changes, e.g. with sensitive electronic equipment.
(g) Details of the number, type and rating of the socket outlets to be provided.
(h) If a lower noise level is required.
(i) If manual setting of voltage or closer automatic control of voltage than specified in
Paragraph D6.4 is required.
(j) If a voltmeter or ammeter is required.
(k) If a better voltage waveform is required (see Paragraph D6.5).
(l) If a special lifting arrangement, e.g. single-point lifting, is required
(see Paragraph D7.1.1).
(m) Any special protection of the ignition system, if any, from the ingress or deposition of
moisture, or of the engine intake from ingress of water (see Paragraph D7.3).
(n) Any special protection against fungus growth (in the tropics), salty atmospheres
(in coastal areas), or corrosion (in industrial environments).
(o) If a larger capacity fuel tank is required (see Paragraph D7.2.1).
Any special protection of electrical equipment against ingress of objects, dust, or water
(see Paragraph D7.3).
COPYRIGHT
87 AS/NZS 3010:2017

D10 INSTRUCTION MANUAL

The instruction manual shall include the following information:
(a) Read instructions and note warnings on the set.
(b) Locate set in convenient place, avoiding long extension leads and possible damage to
leads by pedestrian or vehicular traffic.
(c) Stop engine, when adding fuel to tank.
(d) Maintain normal safety precautions with appliances and accessories as for use on
normal reticulated normal supply.
NOTES:
1 Extension leads should be ordinary or heavy duty depending on the application, of
appropriate current rating, and in any case not less than 1 mm2 cross-section of conductor for
10 A fittings, or 1.5 mm2 when 15 A fitting are used, and incorporates an earthing conductor
to ensure that there is no voltage difference between the generating set and any equipment
powered by the generating set.
2 The electrical continuity of the ‘earthing’ core should be checked periodically from pin to
socket to ensure continued electrical safety.
3 Some electrical appliances, e.g. portable drills, are marked or ‘ double insulated ’, in which
case there will not be an earthing conductor in its mains lead (even though it may have a
3-pin plug).
Accessed by HOLMESGLEN INSTITUTE on 27 Jul 2017 (Document currency not guaranteed when printed)

AS/NZS 3010:2017
88

NOTES
Standards Australia
Standards Australia is an independent company, limited by guarantee, which prepares and publishes
most of the voluntary technical and commercial standards used in Australia. These standards are
developed through an open process of consultation and consensus, in which all interested parties are
invited to participate. Through a Memorandum of Understanding with the Commonwealth
government, Standards Australia is recognized as Australia’s peak national standards body.

Standards New Zealand

The first national Standards organization was created in New Zealand in 1932. The New Zealand
Standards Executive is established under the Standards and Accreditation Act 2015 and is the
national body responsible for the production of Standards.
Accessed by HOLMESGLEN INSTITUTE on 27 Jul 2017 (Document currency not guaranteed when printed)

Australian/New Zealand Standards

Under a Memorandum of Understanding between Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand,
Australian/New Zealand Standards are prepared by committees of experts from industry,
governments, consumers and other sectors. The requirements or recommendations contained
in published Standards are a consensus of the views of representative interests and also take
account of comments received from other sources. They reflect the latest scientific and industry
experience. Australian/New Zealand Standards are kept under continuous review after publication
and are updated regularly to take account of changing technology.

International Involvement
Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand are responsible for ensuring that the Australian
and New Zealand viewpoints are considered in the formulation of international Standards and that
the latest international experience is incorporated in national and Joint Standards. This role is vital
in assisting local industry to compete in international markets. Both organizations are the national
members of ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International
Electrotechnical Commission).

Visit our web sites

www.standards.org.au www.standards.govt.nz
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GPO Box 476 Sydney NSW 2001 PO Box 1473 Wellington 6140
Phone (02) 9237 6000 Freephone 0800 782 632
Email mail@standards.org.au Phone (04) 498 5990
Internet www.standards.org.au Email enquiries@standards.govt.nz
SAI Global Customer Service Website www.standards.govt.nz
Phone 13 12 42
Email sales@saiglobal.com

ISBN 978 1 76035 745 0 Printed in Australia

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