The nurse is discussing core foods in a nutrition class.

The nurse is correct

when he defines core foods as which of the following?

food that is eaten on special occasions or not well tolerated

traditional foods of an ethnic group or culture
foods that are used depending on availability
food that is included in the diet on a daily basis

food that is included in the diet on a daily basis

*Although each culture has their own customs, there is a common element
they all share. Which element is common between cultures?

To eat three or more times daily

To view slimness as attractive and desirable
To use food as a way to socialize
To rely on meat to attain their protein requirements

To use food as a way to socialize

Stereotyping must be avoided in assessing clients from different cultures.

Within any dominant cultural group, individuals exist with distinctive
characteristics that affect food intake and nutritional level. The group of such
individuals is identified as a:

convenience group.
subgroup.
dietary acculturation.
superior grouping.

subgroup

What suggestions to improve eating patterns and increase nutritional value

can the nurse make for a client who eats primarily the traditional African
American diet?

increasing fruit and vegetable intake

increasing milk consumption
decreasing fruit intake
decreasing milk consumption

increasing fruit and vegetable intake

*The nurse recognizes what type of bread would be served during Passover
for a client who is Jewish?

whole-wheat bread
cornbread
white bread
unleavened bread

unleavened bread 未經發酵的

The nurse knows that food away from home (FAFH) is a driving force in
nutrition trends. A client inquires of the nurse about current food
consumption trends. The nurse would share that which food(s) are consumed
at increased levels in food away from home? Select all that apply.

Apples
Potatoes
Chicken
Lettuce
Cheese

Potatoes
Chicken
Lettuce
Cheese

A nurse is learning more about food beliefs associated with various religions.
Which of the following religions has a moral code that focuses on making
thoughtful decisions about food?

Christianity
Judaism
Buddhism
Islamic

Buddhism

The time of day that a meal is eaten would be influenced most by which of
the following?

hunger.
age.
culture.
race.

culture.

The nurse is sharing information about the prevalence of health conditions in

various cultures. The nurse correctly identifies what disorder as the leading
cause of death among Black Americans?

heart disease
cancer
stroke
renal disease

heart disease

In the United States, lifestyle changes have had a dramatic impact on daily
food preparation. Meals are often prepared using which of the following?

fresh fruits and vegetables.

homemade foods.
convenience foods.
nutrient-dense foods.

convenience foods.

The nurse is concerned that a client of Japanese descent only drinks green
tea for breakfast. What should the nurse do first to improve this client's
nutrition for the first meal of the day?

Ask what foods are preferred to eat for breakfast

Notify the dietitian to discuss meal choices with the client
Add eggs, toast, and bacon to the client's breakfast selections
Discuss the use of nutritional supplements with the health care provider

Ask what foods are preferred to eat for breakfast

The nurse is helping a client develop a healthy eating pattern without

completely eliminating dining at restaurants. What practice can the nurse
recommend to help maintain healthy eating habits when dining out?

Choose a restaurant close to home for the most convenience.

Eat a small, high-fiber snack an hour before going out to dinner.
Ask for a doggie bag at the end of the meal.
Order the "value meal" to get the best deal.

Eat a small, high-fiber snack an hour before going out to dinner.

When educating a client about nutrition, which statement from the nurse
describes food away from home?

Food consumed away from home has higher nutritional quality.

It accounts for more than 40% of food spending.
This type of food is associed with decreased saturated fats.
It is associated with a greater likelihood of having normal-range body mass
index.

It accounts for more than 40% of food spending.

*A nurse is helping a client of Roman Catholic religion order lunch. The date
is a Friday during the Lent season. What would be an appropriate meal to
order for this client?

Steak, baked potato, and green beans

Salmon, roasted potatoes, and zucchini
Barbeque pork sandwich and fresh fruit
Spaghetti with meat sauce and garden salad

Salmon, roasted potatoes, and zucchini

(Roman Catholics do not eat meat on Ash Wednesday or on Fridays of Lent)

Dietary acculturation occurs when eating patterns of immigrants change to

resemble those of the dominant or mainstream culture. Which negative
effect(s) would the nurse attribute to dietary acculturation to American
eating patterns? Select all that apply.

Increase in sugar intake

Increase in rates of obesity
Increase in fat intake
Increase in vegetable intake
Decrease in chronic disease rate

Increase in sugar intake

Increase in rates of obesity
Increase in fat intake

Food habits are one of the last behaviors people change when assimilating to
a new country. The evolution that occurs as immigrants implement eating
patterns and food selections of the host country is referred to as which of the
following?

cultural reinvention.
foodway.
dietary acculturation.
dietary integration.

dietary acculturation.

A 68-year-old Asian American client who was recently diagnosed with type II
diabetes has come to the clinic for a class on nutrition and diabetes. Which
of the following nursing actions demonstrates respect for the client's culture?
Handing the client a computer-generated instruction sheet on the American
Diabetic Association exchange system.
Telling the client to avoid all alcohol and sweets and to limit his fat intake.
Showing the client pictures of prepared meals that are acceptable.
Asking the client what foods he enjoys eating.

Asking the client what foods he enjoys eating.

The nurse is caring for an Chinese American client who has been hospitalized
for pneumonia. The client expresses a desire to utilize traditional Chinese
health practices as well as Western medicine while hospitalized. Which
nursing action would support the client's healing in a culturally competent
manner?

Provide requested foods and herbs to help balance the client's yin and yang.
Encourage the client to fast for 48 hours.
Discourage family from visiting with the client in the hospital.
Offer the client fish eyes to eat to promote healing.

Provide requested foods and herbs to help balance the client's yin and yang.

*A Roman Catholic client has informed the nurse that the priest is coming to
give communion in about 30 minutes. The lunch trays are being passed out
on the unit. What action would be appropriate for the nurse at this time?

Bring the client the lunch tray first so that they can eat before communion.
Find out whether there is an extra lunch tray for the priest.
Hold the client's lunch tray until after the client has received communion.
Send the lunch tray back because this client will be fasting today.

Hold the client's lunch tray until after the client has received communion.

(Roman Catholics avoid food and beverages for 1 hour before communion is
taken.)

The nurse prepares to assess the nutritional status of a client who recently
immigrated from Jordan. Which question should the nurse use to understand
the client's dietary preferences?
"Do you enjoy eating American food?"
"Are there any foods that you will not eat?"
"What time of day do you eat your main meal?"
"Do you miss eating food from your native country?"

"Are there any foods that you will not eat?"

During a home visit the nurse notes that a family of Hispanic descent who
immigrated to the United States a few years ago is in the process of
acculturation. What did the nurse observe to come to this conclusion?

Prepared frozen pizza for lunch

Casserole of enchiladas in the oven
Pot of black bean soup simmering on the stove
Dishes filled with sliced vegetables to make salsa

Prepared frozen pizza for lunch

A client asks a nurse for nutritional advice when eating out at an Italian
restaurant. Which calorie-laden sauce would the nurse recommend the client
avoid?

Red clam
Cacciatore
Marsala
Alfredo

Alfredo

Traditional diets of other cultures differ from the standard American diet.
Which component is associated with a traditional diet?

Increased intake of vegetables

Decrease in grain intake
Decreased intake of legumes
Increase in red meat intake

Increased intake of vegetables

The nurse is helping a client make healthier choices when eating at an Italian
restaurant. The nurse should encourage the client to avoid which food?

vinegar and oil dressing on the salad

vegetables for the side dish
alfredo sauce with the pasta
Italian ice for dessert

alfredo sauce with the pasta

Which of the following statements would explain why immigrant children

assume foodways of a new culture sooner than their parents do?

Children do not have a direct cultural identity.

Parents encourage the adoption of the new culture.
Children learn from other children at school.
Parents usually do not change dietary patterns to approximate the host
culture.

Children learn from other children at school.*A client who is concerned about
developing hypertension asks the nurse what to avoid when eating at a
favorite Chinese restaurant.

Which food should the nurse recommend the client avoid?

egg rolls
steamed dumplings
chicken chow mein
spring rolls

egg rolls

(Egg rolls are deep fried and high in saturated fat. The nurse would identify
the other food items as better choices.)

The Buddhist code of morality is given in the Five Moral Precepts. In regard to
food, which of the following statements is correct?
Food selections can be a factor in spiritual enlightenment.
All Buddhists are lacto-ovo-vegetarians.
Foods are divided into two groups called halal and haram.
No meat is consumed on Friday before the Sabbath.

Food selections can be a factor in spiritual enlightenment.

*A nurse is preparing to participate in an outreach program on nutrition in a

predominantly Asian American community. To provide beneficial information,
the nurse should keep in mind aspects of dietary acculturation. Which of the
following statements by the nurse would be most constructive in altering
behavior in this population?

"American food choices would be healthier for you."

"Soy sauce should be eliminated from your diet."
"Let's talk about serving size when choosing foods."
"To reduce fats, baking is a better option than stir-frying."

"Let's talk about serving size when choosing foods."

(Portion control is a better option than advising people to eliminate an

important native food from their diet.)

*The nurse is incorrect to believe that which of the following represents a

symbolic use of foods?

meal versus snack

reward or punishment
feminine versus masculine
healthy or unhealthy

healthy or unhealthy

The nurse is providing education about nutrition to a community with a

predominantly Hispanic American population. Which nutrition-related health
factor is associated with Hispanic or Latino American clients when compared
to their non-Hispanic White counterparts?

Increased prevalence of diabetes

Shorter life expectancy
Elevated stroke risk
Higher physical activity levels

Increased prevalence of diabetes

A nurse is discussing nutrition with a client who follows a traditional Chinese

eating pattern. What does the nurse recognize as a healthy aspect of this
diet?

A variety of vegetables are used extensively.

The dairy products used tend to be low-fat.
Seafoods make up most of the protein content.
Soy sauce is frequently used as a condiment.

A variety of vegetables are used extensively.

*Eating out at restaurants has become a regular event. Which statement is

accurate about food away from home (FAFH)?

FAFH tends to be more healthy than meals at home.

FAFH foods are often more calorically dense.
Meat and milk are more important in FAFH meals than meals at home.
People who consume more FAFH have less healthy home diets.

FAFH foods are often more calorically dense.

Which of the following foods would NOT be acceptable to serve a client who
practices dietary restrictions of lacto-ovo-vegetarianism?

brown rice
cheese
boiled egg
poultry

poultry

(Lacto-ovo-vegetarians do not consume meat but do include eggs and dairy

products in their diets.)
When working with a client who practices Judaism, the nurse recognizes
which of the following CORRECTLY represents the practice of kosher dietary
laws?

avoiding cheese and dairy products

eating shrimp and lobster only on special occasions
using the leanest cuts of pork
having meat and dairy at separate meals

having meat and dairy at separate meals

(Dairy products cannot be eaten with meat. Pork is prohibited, and only fish
with fins and scales are allowed.)

In preparing community education on nutrition, the nurse should include that

in the United States, what percentages of food spending was spent on eating
out?

80%
67 %
43%
34%

43%

The nurse is seeing a client who recently immigrated to the United States.
The nurse should not expect to see which of the following as part of the
changes in food choices that will occur for this client during the process of
acculturation?

New foods are added to the diet.

Some traditional foods are replaced by new foods.
Some traditional foods are rejected.
New foods replace all traditional foods.

New foods replace all traditional foods.

(Mew foods being added to the diet → some traditional foods being replaced
by new foods → some traditional foods being rejected.)

*The nurse is seeing a client wants to be able to eat out at a Mexican

restaurant while adhering to a healthy eating pattern. Which of the following
selections would be best for this client when eating out?

fajitas with pico de gallo sauce.

hard shell beef tacos with sour cream.
chile relleno with arroz roho.
green chile and cheese flautas.

fajitas with pico de gallo sauce.

(Sauces to choose at Mexican restaurant are salsa, mole, picante, enchilada,

and pico de gallo. Fajitas are a best choice that have lots of vegetables and
are stir-fried. Chile relleno and flautas are deep fried. Hard shell tacos and
sour cream have high fat content.)

Adherents of Jainism, a branch of Hinduism, practice complete vegetarianism

and avoid certain other foods such as:

root vegetables.
brown rice.
dried fruit.
water.

root vegetables.

The nurse notes that a client is an Eastern Orthodox Christian. Which dietary
action should be taken to support this client's religious beliefs?

Remove bacon from the breakfast tray

Provide decaffeinated coffee for all meals
Offer a glass of water before and after meals
Ask if there are any foods required on a feast day

Ask if there are any foods required on a feast day

(Because Eastern Orthodox Christians observe numerous feast days

throughout the year, the nurse should ask if there are any foods required to
be eaten on a feast day. Eastern Orthodox Christians do not restrict bacon or
caffeinated beverages. Water before and after meals is a Seventh-Day
Adventists practice.)

The nurse is caring for a client whose cultural background values welfare of
the group over that of the individual. What nursing intervention would
improve communication with this client?

Inform the client that clients in the U.S. have the right to make choices for
themselves.
Involve the family in the client's health care decisions.
Plan long-term goals for the client to follow.
Emphasize the benefits of healthy choices to the client.

Involve the family in the client's health care decisions.

The nurse instructs a client on ensuring adequate nutrition when eating in a

restaurant. Which meal selection indicates that additional teaching is
required?

Poached salmon with asparagus

Crispy clam strips with coleslaw
Grilled scallops with baby red potatoes
Broiled cod with orange juice and broccoli

Crispy clam strips with coleslaw

The nurse is seeing a client who is first generation Asian American. The
nurse might expect to see which of the following negative changes to the
client's traditional diet as a result of dietary acculturation?

increase in intake of dairy products

decrease in intake of fruits
increase in intake of saturated fat
decrease in intake of vegetables

increase in intake of saturated fat

The nurse educator is preparing material for a nutrition class. The nurse
educator correctly includes that foods that are reserved for special occasions
or eaten sporadically are referred to as which of the following?

peripheral foods.
secondary foods.
party foods.
primary foods.

peripheral foods.

A client is inquiring about a meal kit delivery service for their family. What
would be the nurse's best reponse to this client? Select all that apply.

It can save on food preparation time.

It encourages the trial of new cuisine.
They are less expensive than traditionally prepared meals.
The sodium content is lower than traditionally prepared meals.
The amount of food sent is for a specified number of people, leaving no
leftovers.

It can save on food preparation time.

It encourages the trial of new cuisine.
The amount of food sent is for a specified number of people, leaving no
leftovers.

The nurse educator is helping students understand secondary foods. Which

of the following best describes this concept?

foods that are widespread in the diet but are not eaten consistently.
foods that are infrequently consumed in the diet.
foods that form the foundation of the diet.
foods that are reserved for special occasions.

foods that are widespread in the diet but are not eaten consistently.

Rankings for food are influenced by cost and availability. Major food
categories include all of the following EXCEPT:

core foods.
secondary foods.
peripheral foods.
convenience foods.

convenience foods.

The nurse knows that religion influences many aspects of the client's life.
Which dietary standard represents permitted foods according to the Islamic
religion?

Haram
Kosher
Halal
Ahimsa

Halal

Dining out at restaurants and eating takeout are growing trends in America.
What percentage of the food budget does the average American spend on
food away from home?

69%
40%
33%
13%

40%

The nurse is seeing a client who was born in Mexico but has lived in the
United States for 25 years. As a result of acculturation, the client's eating
pattern has likely increased in what foods?

vegetables
processed
legumes
complex carbohydrates

processed

Acculturation occurs as people who move to a different cultural area adopt

the beliefs, values, attitudes, and behaviors of the dominant culture. Which
statement accurately reflects this process as it relates to food and nutrition?

Dietary habits are one of the first behaviors changed.

First-generation citizens easily find replacements for native foods.
Second-generation Americans may cling to traditional foods to affirm their
cultural identity.
Children tend to adopt new ways quickly as they learn from other children at
school.

Children tend to adopt new ways quickly as they learn from other children at
school.

*A client who eats primarily an Indian diet is describing a form of

carbohydrate eaten with some meals. The nurse understands this traditional
flatbread is called which of the following?

focaccia
panini
pita
naan

naan

*Orthodox Jewish people believe that the dietary laws are direct
commandments of God and adhere to them closely. Which name references
these dietary laws that Orthodox Jewish people follow?

Kashrut
Halal
Kosher
Haram

Kashrut

(Kosher is a Hebrew word that means proper or suitable for consumption. It is

used to describe foods that meet the dietary laws set forth in the kashrut,
and are permissible for Orthodox Jews to consume)

The nurse is providing a class about diet quality to a group of clients who are
Black Americans and endorse eating primarily "soul food." Which nutrient(s)
will the nurse provide education about that may be deficient in this dietary
pattern? Select all that apply.
Calcium
Fiber
Cholesterol
Potassium
Sodium

Calcium
Fiber
Potassium

The nurse is discussing all aspects of food related to culture. The nurse is
using an inclusive term that refers to all the eating habits and culinary
practices of a people, region, or historical period. This term is known as:

convenience food.
culture.
foodway.
core foods.

foodway.

A nurse is helping clients plan meals that incorporate all of the elements of
their culture. The nurse must keep in mind that subgroups within a culture
act in which way?

Exhibit the same characteristics as the culture that they represent

Portray the socially standardized foodway of the culture
Display a unique range of cultural characteristics
Adhere to the same foodway that is synonymous with the overall culture

Display a unique range of cultural characteristics