Module 1: Definitions of Rhythmic Activities

Rhythm 2) Measure
 a measured motion or flow  identical grouping of underlying
 characterized basically by recurrence beats
of elements or features as beats,  Duple: 2 beats (strong - weak)
sounds, or accents  Triple: 3 beats (strong - weak -
weak)
Rhythms  Quadruple: 4 beats (strong -
 denote an aspect of the quality of weak - weak - weak)
movement 3) Rhythmic Pattern
 sometimes thought as dance  definite grouping of sounds or
 rhythm - structured forms which start beats related to the underlying beat
creative rhythmic movements  also called the melody pattern
because it follows the words or melody
Dancing
 a means of expressing one’s 4) Phrasing
emotions through movement  musical phrase - a group of
disciplined by rhythm measures that gives the feelings of
 an act of moving rhythmically and unity
expressively to an accompaniment  end of a phrase may suggest a
 originated from German word change in direction or movement
“damson” which means “to stretch”
5) Accent
Dance  force of emphasis given to any one
 a series of movements set to music beat in a series of pulse beats in a
where there emerge organization, measure
structure, and pattern
6) Tempo
SCOPE OF RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES  rate of speed of the movement,
Rhythmic Activities music or accom-paniment
 response of person displaying his
emotional and mental reaction to 7) Intensity
rhythm  quality of movement or music
 every individual makes rhythm while  dynamics or force such as heavy or
music is playing like: light
 foot tapping
 head movement FUNDAMENTAL OF MOVEMENTS
 body sway  There are three basic natural
 body moves as a physical response movements the loco-motors, non-
or as an expression of feelings locomotor or axial movement and the
 fundamental principles of time, manipulative skills (Andin and Minas,
space, and force are observed 2004)

FUNDAMENTAL OF RHYTHM Locomotors Movements

 To better facilitate the learning of dances  used to move the body from one
and other rhythmic activities, we should place to another
first understand the elements of rhythm,  to project the body upward as in
elements of movement space and the jumping and hopping
qualities of movement (Andin and Minas,
2004). Examples of locomotors movements:
Walking Running Jumping
ELEMENTS OF RHYTHM Hopping Skipping Leaping
1) Underlying Beat or Pulse Beat Galloping Sliding Draw Steps
a) Underlying Beat Marching Trotting Stamping
 steady continuous sound that is
heard or felt throughout any Non-locomotor Movements
rhythmical sequence  performed without appreciable
 determines the time signature of movements from place to place
a piece of music or movements  movements of the various part of
the body in fixed base
b) Pulse Beat
 constant steady pulsation
 steady sound which serves as the
constant measure upon which all
rhythmic structure or relationship
depends
 Module 1: Definitions of Rhythmic Activities
Flexion - bending or shortening of a body  other objects promote other skills like
part occur-ring at a joint better hand and eye coordination

Examples: knees bend, full knees bend,

trunk forward bend, arms forward bend,
head forward bend, head sideward bend

Extension - turning, twisting, or circling

Examples: head twist, trunk twist

Arms Shoulder Circling

Examples: right arm circle

forward, left arm circle
forward, both arms circling BASIC DANCE
POSITION OF ARMS AND FEET
There are five fundamental feet and
arms position in dance.
Pendular - swinging/swaying
arms forward, backward or POSITION FEET ARMS
sideward 1st Position Heels close Both raised
together, forward in a
Examples: arm swinging sideward, toes with an circle in front
arms swinging overhead, body angle of of chest with
swaying right and left about 45 the
degrees fingertips
Percussive - striking and about an
hitting; pushing and pulling inch apart
2nd Position Astride Both raised
Examples: arm strike with sideward sideward
closed fist, arm strike with about a pace with a
open fist, hit with one hand, hit or 1 foot graceful
with both hands distance curve at
shoulder
Vibratory - shaking and beating level
3rd Position Heel of one One arm
Examples: shake arms and hands foot close in- raised
rhyth-mically, shake hips and step of other sideward as
shoulders to rhyth-mic patterns, foot in 2nd
vibrate entire body rhyth-mically position;
other arm
Sustained - a slow, smooth raised
flowing move-ment with a balance upward
movement throughout the entire 4th Position One foot in One arm
series front of the raised in
other of a front as in 1st
Examples: arms swinging pace position;
continuously from side to side. distance other arm
arms moving laterally to right and raised over
left sides in a continuous rhythmic pattern, head
arm circle swing continuously 5th Position Heel of front Both arms
close to big raised over
Suspended - a sharp movement toe or rear head
followed by a series of slow or foot
prolonged movements until a peak
is reached

Examples: both arms circle swing

three to four times counter
clockwise and stop movement
with arms diagonally forward upward

Manipulative Skills
 involve objects handling that
develops manipu-lative skills like ball
skills