73. The word “epilepsy” comes from the Greek 74.

Time and acceleration are among the

and means to be taken, seized or attacked. defining features of the long nineteenth century.
Epilepsy as a disorder is a condition They are also, in fundamental ways, interlinked.
characterized by repeated seizures due to a As the pace of life quickened due to a series of
disorder of the brain cells. It is a life-long technological innovations, among which the
tendency, though the seizures may start at any telegraph and the railways take pride of place,
time during life and occur sporadically or the need for shared time conventions -whether
frequently. ---- . Others suffer from it their regional, national, or global- and for greater
whole lives and others only for a few years accuracy of timekeeping, grew accordingly. ---- .
(average approximately 13 years). Epilepsy may The spread of a world time standard has
develop after a particular identifiable event commonly been portrayed as a logical, and even
(e.g., asphyxia, head injury, meningitis), in which an inevitable, by-product of modernization.
case it is called symptomatic epilepsy, or it may
A) Meetings of international business were
develop without any identifiable cause, and
always face-to-face and required time-consuming
then it is called idiopathic epilepsy.
and expensive travel, so “world time” was a
A) Sometimes the term “secondary epilepsy” was popular feature in clocks and wristwatches
used for symptomatic epilepsy and “primary
B) It is central because it enjoyed an undoubted
epilepsy” for idiopathic epilepsy
cultural hegemony — although Anglophone
B) Some of the epilepsies are confined to liberalism, a rather different set of ideas, also
particular age groups comes into view

C) A seizure is a result of excessive nerve-cell C) By the century’s end, standard time set on the
discharges in the brain Greenwich meridian had replaced local (solar)
time in Europe, North America and many other
D) But this is confusing and should not be done
parts of the globe
any more
D) It draws on a huge range of sources and
E) Then common disorders can be recognized as
intersects with the work of sociologists,
the cause of the seizure and appropriate
anthropologists, theologians, and other
treatment given
disciplines

E) Its main concern is thus not with time as

formal homogenization, but with the surprises,
conflicts, and emotions that rendered time the
central referent of modern life

23
75. ----. For example, let's say that your aunt told 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
you that she takes a vitamin C supplement every okunduğunda parçanın anlam
day. Additionally, she told you that one morning bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
she was running late for work and forgot to take
her vitamin C supplement. That afternoon, she
76. (I) Medicinal plants are an integral part of
developed a cold. She now insists that you take
African culture, one of the oldest and most
vitamin C every day or you will get sick, just like
diverse in the world. (II) In South Africa, 21st
she did in her story. Many people hearing this
century drug therapy is used side-by-side with
story would just accept this and think, 'To avoid
traditional African medicines to heal the sick. (III)
getting sick I should take vitamin C.' Although
While plants have been used in African medicine
this type of logic is very common, it lacks critical-
to treat fever, asthma, constipation, oesophageal
thinking skills.
cancer and hypertension, scientific analyses of
A) Critical thinking means making reasoned the purported benefits of many plants is still
judgments that are logical and well-thought out. scant. (IV) Thus, dried leaves from the plants
were ground and used to prepare organic and
B) If you have ever felt like you are nothing more aqueous extracts against those diseases. (V) A
than a victim of circumstance, today's lesson just team of researchers has now examined the
might be for you effectiveness of 16 plants growing in the
C) When discussing freedom, philosophers sit in country's Kwa-Zulu Natal region and concluded
three different camps: the determinism camp, that eight plant extracts may hold value for
the compatibilism camp, and the libertarianism treating high blood pressure (hypertension): one
camp showed strong promise and it was “wild garlic”.

D) Morals are understood as the ways people A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

should act or how they believe they should act

E) Many people decide to make changes in their 77. (I) In recent years, school curricula in the
daily lives based on anecdotes, or stories from United States have shifted heavily toward
one person's experience common core subjects of reading and math, but
what about the arts? (II) Although some may
regard art education as a luxury, simple creative
activities are some of the building blocks of child
development. (III) Learning to create and
appreciate visual aesthetics may be more
important than ever to the development of the
next generation of children as they grow up. (IV)
In addition, developmental benefits of art are
countless: from motor skills growth to language
development, from stronger decision making to
developing visual learning, from inventiveness to
improved academic performance. (V) In short,
each child possesses a range of intelligences and
he/she needs a variety of learning experiences in
order to develop them fully.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

24
78. (I) Dozens of shampoos claim to make your 80. (I) A number of things need to happen for a
hair look thicker, but only one ingredient has child to learn to read and to comprehend what
been shown to truly preserve your pate: she reads. (II) A number of brain regions are
Ketoconazole. (II) The UK has the fifth highest involved in speaking and comprehension, among
number of bald men in the world. (III) Indeed, which are the temporal lobe, which is responsible
almost 40 per cent of men in this country are for phonological awareness and for decoding and
losing their hair. (IV) It is often hereditary - male discriminating sounds, and Broca’s area in the
pattern baldness or androgenic alopecia, which is frontal lobe, which governs speech production
related to genes and male sex hormones, and language comprehension. (III) First, an infant
accounts for 95 per cent of hair loss in men. (V) must learn to process sounds. (IV) By early
Other reasons for thinning hair include stress, kindergarten or preschool, the child must learn
anaemia, protein deficiency and low vitamin phonological processing, which is the ability to
levels. manipulate the sounds of language, such as
adding or deleting sounds to make words. (V) The
child must then learn to read single words and
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V develop the vocabulary necessary to read and
understand sentences and paragraphs, and,
finally, master the ability to read fluently with
reasonable speed.

79. (I) Throughout history, no country has ever

achieved economic prosperity without A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
urbanizing. (II) On its surface, then, the
urbanization trend dominating the 21st century
should be good news - not only for the countries
experiencing this growth, but the global
economy. (III) Upon closer analysis, however, we
can see that current urbanization patterns are
largely unsustainable -- socially, economically,
and environmentally. (IV) That is why people
continue to migrate to cities for better economic,
social and creative opportunities. (V) They
account for an increasing share of greenhouse
gas emissions and widening levels of inequality.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

TEST BİTTİ.

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.

25
73. Continuous learning lies at the heart of 74. Science works best when it is open. ---- This
thriving in the context of the Fourth Industrial openness makes science a natural environment
Revolution. The skills required for most jobs are for collaboration. By pooling together resources,
evolving rapidly but our adult education and brainpower and complementary expertise,
training systems are lagging behind. While 35% collaborative research ensures that global
of the skills demanded for jobs across industries societal challenges can be tackled. Take the
will change by 2020, at least 1 in 4 workers in International Space Station or the now famous
OECD countries is already reporting a skills Higgs boson, which is particularly close to our
mismatch with regards to the skills demanded heart, discovered at CERN by teams of scientists
by their current jobs. ---- In order to create a working together on the ATLAS and CMS
robust and inclusive adult education and experiments: these are elegant examples of
training system, leaders from across business, international cooperation bringing light to
government and civil society need to start laying fundamental questions about our origins and
a common foundation through strategic and our intrinsic make-up.
coordinated action.
A) But another narrative is possible: a narrative in
A) Yet much work remains as countries move which human progress is chronicled as a smooth
toward implementation of pro-inclusive growth and continuous passage towards betterment for
policies that will be critical to the economic all.
success of the continent.
B) The sharing of research results, the free
B) As the global economy continues to grow, circulation of knowledge, and transparency in
policymakers in the Middle East and North Africa methodology are key tenets to the scientific
region are at a critical juncture. method.

C) Furthermore, youth in the country are more C) Deceptively simple, CERN’s founding
likely than elsewhere to be neither in education, convention provides a robust, stable and flexible
employment, or training. framework for international collaboration.

D) However, its operations are diverse, with 30 D) Science has the potential to address basic
different activities in agri-food, textiles and human needs while providing revolutionary
leather, metallurgy, mechanical, electronics, economic growth.
chemical, and high technology.
E) Four years after the discovery of the Higgs
E) Thus, enabling and empowering workers to Boson particle, the world’s biggest science
transform and update their skills is a key concern experiment is still seeking to unlock the mysteries
for businesses and societies across the globe. of our universe.

23
75. Walmart has just filed a patent for 76-80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
autonomous, robot bees. Yes, that Walmart - okunduğunda parçanın anlam
and no, you didn’t slip into another, stranger bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
dimension. The mega-corporation’s patent
specifically covers “pollination drones”. These
76. (I) In the last decade alone, scientists have
tiny robots could act just like bees, pollinating
made a number of landmark discoveries that now
crops autonomously. The robot bees would
create the opportunity to unlock the mysteries of
operate using sensors and cameras to help them
the brain. (II) We have witnessed the sequencing
navigate to crops. Flying around autonomously,
of the human genome, the development of new
these drones could potentially pollinate as
tools for mapping neuronal connections, the
effectively as the real thing. ---- According to CB
increasing resolution of imaging technologies,
Insights, this is only one of six Walmart patents
and the explosion of nanoscience. (III) With
for farming drones that would do everything
nearly 100 billion neurons and 100 trillion
from monitor crop damage to spray pesticides.
connections, the human brain remains one of the
A) The retailer hasn’t publicly commented on the greatest mysteries in science and one of the
patents yet, so the reasons behind Walmart’s greatest challenges in medicine. (IV) These
sudden interest in farming drones has to be left discoveries have yielded unprecedented
up to interpretation. opportunities for integration across scientific
fields. (V) For instance, by combining advanced
B) Yet since many Walmart locations do carry genetic and optical techniques, scientists can now
produce, it’s possible that the company is looking use pulses of light in animal models to determine
to gain more control of the food it’s selling. how specific cell activities within the brain affect
C) Oddly enough, this is not the only farming behaviour.
patent that Walmart has filed recently. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
D) These small creatures are the backbone of
agriculture and the food that we eat.

E) Artificial intelligence, thus, has the potential to

radically improve our lives, from increasing global
food production to helping to treat disease and
77. (I) You notice it in your everyday life, the
shielding us from cyber-attacks.
bewildering diversity in coat colour among our
pigs, dogs and other domestic animals. (II) This
stark contrasts with the uniformity of colour
within wild animals. (III) A new study on pigs
reveals that the prime explanation for this
phenomenon is that humans have actively
changed the coat colour of domestic animals by
cherry-picking and actively selecting for rare
mutations. (IV) This kind of change is analogous
to the loss of vision in animals that live in
complete darkness, such as caves. (V) The same
study further unveils that this process has been
going on for thousands of years.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

24
78. (I) The growth of instant messaging and other 80. (I) Most of us are very used to the sounds we
types of messaging media will undoubtedly hear in everyday life: loud music, the television,
continue as smartphones are entering new people talking on their phone, the traffic and
markets. (II) There has been a lot of negative even pets barking in the middle of the night. (II)
publicity about the risks young people might This is why understanding noise pollution is
encounter when using chatrooms. (III) Due to necessary to curb it in time. (III) All of these have
several high-profile criminal cases, parents and become a part of the urban culture and rarely
teachers often worry about the possibility of disturb us. (IV) However, when the sound of the
children coming into contact with paedophiles in television keeps you from sleeping all night or the
chatrooms, especially through online games. (IV) traffic starts to give you a headache, it stops
Although these dangers do exist, it is important becoming just noise and start turning into noise
to keep these fears in perspective, and to pollution. (V) For many of us, although the
remember that a vast majority of chatroom users concept of pollution is limited to nature and
are who they say they are, and most chat resources, noise that tends to disrupt the natural
communication is completely innocent. (V) rhythm of life makes for one solid pollutant.
Rather than preaching fear or banning the use of
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
chat, adults should empower the young by
teaching them how to stay safe.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) Imagine an accountant who is outgoing

and seeks closeness in her social relationships,
but whose job offers little scope for contact with
colleagues or clients. (II) Now imagine a manager,
required to take responsibility for a team, but
who does not enjoy taking centre-stage or being
in a leadership role. (III) For both, there is a
mismatch between their individual needs and the
opportunities and demands at the workplace. (IV)
A new study in the open-access journal Frontiers
in Psychology shows that such mismatches put
employees at risk of burnout. (V) The findings
show that via school burnout, adolescents’
excessive internet use can ultimately lead to
depression.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

TEST BİTTİ.

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.

25
73. The Arctic’s unique natural and cultural 74. Most kids today are plugged into devices like
landscapes are vulnerable to a warming TVs, tablets, and smartphones well before
climate and greater human activity. Some they can even ride a bike. Technology can be
influences have clearly negative effects, such part of a healthy childhood, as long as this
as ecosystem changes due to climate change privilege isn't abused. -----. But too much
or increased risks from human activity such as screen time can be a bad thing. Children who
oil spills. ----. However, averting serious consistently spend more than 4 hours per day
environmental problems in such a remote, watching TV are more likely to be overweight.
harsh and fragile ecosystem requires In addition, kids who view violent acts on TV
conscientious environmental and cultural are more likely to show aggressive behaviour,
stewardship, with a strong emphasis on and to fear that the world is scary and that
sustainable change. Laws, policies and something bad will happen to them.
business decisions made at national, regional
and international levels will be critical for A) Characters on TV and in video games, however,
future developments in the Arctic. often depict risky behaviours, such as smoking
and drinking, and also reinforce gender-role
A) Except for certain areas of Norway and the and racial stereotypes
western Russian Federation, the region
remains vastly underserved by transportation, B) For example, pre-schoolers can get help
port and other critical infrastructure learning the alphabet on public television,
grade schoolers can play educational apps and
B) Others present new opportunities, like games, and teens can do research on the
economic empowerment of local communities Internet
and provision of raw materials for developing
markets C) Reasoning with kids this age will help them, so
it's important to provide reassuring and honest
C) The Arctic is a well governed emerging market information to help ease fears
offering a host of major investment
opportunities in the coming years D) Many violent acts are caused by the "good
guys," whom kids are taught to admire
D) In addition to important natural resources, the
Arctic provides inspiration by maintaining its E) That's why it's so important for parents to keep
irreplaceable cultures tabs on their kids' screen time and set limits to
ensure they're not spending too much time in
E) During the June solstice, there are 24 hours of front of a screen
sunlight in the Arctic and on the December
solstice, the sun never rises

A B C D E
A B C D E

23
75. People trying to sell you a new car, a fancy 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
phone, or a bigger home might like you to believe okunduğunda parçanın anlam
that money can buy a whole lot of happiness. But bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
your brain knows that's not true. ----. If you're
confused between the two, you're not alone.
After all, we've been conditioned to believe that 76. (I) Fortification is the practice of deliberately
happiness comes from buying that new thing, increasing the content of an essential
satisfying that food craving or being in on the micronutrient, like vitamins and minerals in a food,
latest trend. Even the dictionaries and search so as to improve the nutritional quality of the food
engines get a little confused: If you Google supply and provide a public health benefit with
"pleasure" the first definition that pops up is "a minimal risk to health. (II) As for biofortification, it
feeling of happy satisfaction and enjoyment." But is the process by which the nutritional quality of
scientists who study hormones say our brains can food crops is improved through agronomic
tell the difference between a quick rush of practices, conventional plant breeding, or modern
pleasure and the long-lasting contentment that is biotechnology. (III) That’s why, biofortification
the true definition of happiness. differs from conventional fortification in that
biofortification aims to increase nutrient levels in
crops during plant growth rather than through
A) That's not to say that tech works on our brains manual means during processing of the crops. (IV)
exactly like an alcohol or drug problem Such deficiencies occur when intake and
absorption of vitamins and minerals are too low to
B) Still, there is a dependence we've developed to sustain good health and development. (V)
our phones that is different from a feeling of Biofortification may therefore present a way to
contentment reach populations where supplementation and
conventional fortification activities may be difficult
to implement and/or limited.
C) Serotonin is so closely related to happiness that
it's one of the key ingredients in many
antidepressant drugs A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

D) Instead, our phones have been built to leave us

A B C D E
always craving more

E) Money can buy you pleasure, but happiness has

to come from somewhere else

A B C D E

24
77. (I) Enteric bacterial infections cause extensive 79. (I) Sartre took over the phenomenological
morbidity and loss of production in the pig and method, which proposes careful, unprejudiced
poultry industry. (II) As a result, both broad description rather than deduction, from the
spectrum and selective antibiotic treatments German philosopher Edmund Husserl and used
are widely used in monogastric livestock it with great skill. (II) No Exit, one-act
production systems. (III) South East Asia is at philosophical drama by Jean-Paul Sartre,
high risk of the emergence and spread of performed in 1944 and published in 1945. (III)
antibiotic resistance in humans. (IV) As a direct Its original, French title, Huis clos, is sometimes
consequence of over-use, transmissible also translated as In Camera or Dead End. (IV)
antibiotic resistance genes are often present in The play proposes that “hell is other people”
both the pathogenic and commensal bacterial rather than a state created by God. (V) All the
flora of the gastrointestinal tract of farm characters, whose inability to escape from each
animals. (V) This has resulted in public health other guarantees their eternal torture, require
concern about the risks associated with another person for self-definition in the play,
excessive use of antibiotics and in new national yet each is most attracted to the person most
and EU legislation that would curtail their likely to discomfit.
future use in veterinary and agricultural
practices. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A B C D E

A B C D E

80. (I) For Perennialists, the aim of education is to

ensure that students acquire understandings
78. (I) Some of the most frequently used online about the great ideas of Western civilization.
applications are Facebook, WhatsApp, and (II) Effective teachers provide experiences so
Twitter. (II) These applications allow individuals that students can learn by doing. (III) These
to communicate with other users, to share ideas have the potential for solving problems in
information or pictures, and to stay in contact any era. (IV) The focus is to teach ideas that are
with friends all over the world. (III) However, a everlasting, to seek enduring truths which are
growing number of users suffer from negative constant, not changing, as the natural and
consequences due to their excessive use of human worlds at their most essential level, do
these applications, which can be referred to as not change. (V) Teaching these unchanging
Internet-communication disorder. (IV) The principles is critical in Perennialism.
frequent use and easy access of these
applications may also trigger the individual's A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
fear of missing out on content when not
accessing these applications. (V) Several
studies have addressed similarities between A B C D E
these substance-use disorders and behavioural
addictions, and in particular between
substance-use disorder and specific Internet-
use disorders, such as Internet-communication
disorder.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
TEST BİTTİ.
A B C D E
CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.

25
73. The term Gothic fiction refers to a style of 74. -----. In 1965, Mariner 4 flew past Mars and
writing that is characterized by elements of became the first NASA spacecraft to take
fear, horror, death, and gloom, as well as close-up images of another planet. In 1976,
romantic elements, such as nature, Viking 1 and Viking 2 were the first NASA
individuality, and very high emotion. These spacecraft to land on Mars. Both spacecraft
emotions can include fear and suspense. This took images and collected science data on the
style of fiction began in the mid-1700s with a Martian surface. Since then, several
story titled, The Castle of Otranto (in 1764), by spacecrafts have orbited or landed on Mars.
Horace Walpole. ----. It is considered to be the Scientists are particularly interested in
first of the Gothic fiction tales, since it searching for clues of water on Mars. Living
encompassed many of the characteristics of things need water to survive. So, finding
the genre. evidence that water exists or used to exist on
Mars would mean that there could be or
A) The term Gothic actually originated as a term could have been life on the planet.
belittling the architecture and art of the period,
which was dark, decaying, and dismal A) Two rovers, Opportunity and Curiosity, are
working on the surface of Mars
B) For the introduction to the catalogue of this
independent, one-man show, Courbet wrote a B) Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and the
Realist manifesto next planet beyond Earth

C) Therefore, he was a pioneer of the Romantic C) The Romans and Greeks associated Mars with
movement, and after his death he became a war because its colour resembles the colour of
cultural icon in Scotland blood

D) There are Gothic images and Gothic plots and D) NASA has used both spacecraft and robots to
Gothic characters and even Gothic styles within learn more about Mars
films, but there is no delimited or
demonstrable genre specific to film called the E) Scientists of NASA are studying how people
Gothic living in space can grow plants for food

E) This story was about a doomed family and is

filled with death, desire, and intrigue A B C D E

A B C D E

23
75. Over the past three decades, the global 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
aquaculture industry has risen from obscurity to okunduğunda parçanın anlam
become a critical source of food for millions of bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
people. In 1990, only 13 percent of world seafood
consumption was farmed; by 2014, aquaculture
was providing more than half of the fish 76. (I) Many in Britain, notably the First Lord of the
consumed directly by human beings. The boom Admiralty, Winston Churchill, believed that
has made farmed fish like shrimp, tilapia and knocking the Ottomans out of the war with the
pangasius catfish – imported from countries such Dardanelles Campaign would undermine Germany.
as Thailand, China and Vietnam – an increasingly (II) They theorised that as a result of this attack,
common sight in European and North American Britain and France would be able to help their
supermarkets. As a result, much research on weakest partner, Russia; that the Suez Canal and
aquaculture has emphasized production for Britain’s Middle Eastern oil interests would be
export. This focus has led scholars to question secured; and that undecided Balkan states,
whether aquaculture contributes to the food including Bulgaria and Greece, would join the
security of poorer people in producing countries. Allied side. (III) It was an exciting and alluring
---- . proposition. (IV) But it was based on the mistaken
belief that the Ottomans were weak and could
A) Many have concluded it does not easily be overcome. (V) The Dardanelles, a narrow
60-mile-long strip of water that divides Europe
B) Farms of this kind are sometimes claimed to from Asia, has been of great strategic significance
account for 70 to 80 percent of global for centuries.
aquaculture production
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

C) Fish is a rich source of vitamins, minerals,

essential fatty acids and high-quality protein A B C D E

D) Many of these people are poor, malnourished 77. (I) More and more people are choosing to work
and unable to afford alternative nutrient-rich from home, and who can blame them? (II)
foods Remote workers benefit from improved
wellbeing and productivity, and their
E) These three fish account for less than 10 companies are discovering that this growing
percent of global farmed fish production trend is now a cost-effective strategy. (III) But
there’s one thing missing from the picture:
good old-fashioned workplace culture. (IV)
A B C D E Thus, with the right technology and the
occasional face-to-face meet-up, it’s more than
possible for firms to reaffirm their workplace
culture and ensure that remote teams feel
engaged. (V) Remote workers are beginning to
speak up about feeling alienated from their
office-bound colleagues, and at least one
report suggests that this feeling of isolation
might be responsible for decreased
productivity, increased work anxiety, and
lowered company loyalty.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A B C D E

24
78. (I) Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a 80. (I) Both together and individually, flexible and
condition characterized by difficulties wearable electronics will transform clothing
regulating emotion. (II) An unusual drop in into connected, sensing, communicating
functioning, at school, work or social activities, devices that mesh well with the fabric of the
such as quitting sports, failing in school or interconnected 21st century. (II) Archaeology
difficulty performing familiar tasks can be reveals that humans started wearing clothes
warning signs of mental diseases like some 170,000 years ago, very close to the
schizophrenia of bipolar disorder. (III) This second-to-last ice age. (III) Even now, though,
means that people who experience BPD feel most modern humans wear clothes that are
emotions intensely and for extended periods of only barely different from those earliest
time, and it is harder for them to return to a garments. (IV) But that’s about to change as
stable baseline after an emotionally triggering flexible electronics are increasingly woven into
event. (IV) This difficulty can lead to what are being called “smart fabrics.” (V) Many
impulsivity, poor self-image, stormy of these are already available for purchase,
relationships and intense emotional responses such as leggings that provide gentle vibrations
to stressors. (V) Struggling with self-regulation for easier yoga, T-shirts that track player
can also result in dangerous behaviours such as performance and sports bras that monitor
self-harm like cutting. heart rate.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A B C D E

A B C D E

79. (I) There is an old saying that “one person’s

freedom fighter is another person’s terrorist”,
which indicates some of the problems in
defining terrorism precisely. (II) For example,
some years ago, the Irish Republican Army
(IRA) waged a campaign of terrorism against TEST BİTTİ.
the British government and its people as part CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.
of its effort to drive the British out of Northern
Ireland. (III) Terrorism is hardly a new
phenomenon, but Americans became
horrifyingly familiar with it on September 11,
2001. (IV) Many people in Northern Ireland
and elsewhere hailed IRA members as freedom
fighters, while many other people condemned
them as cowardly terrorists. (V) Similarly,
although most of the world labelled the 9/11
attacks as terrorism, some individuals
applauded them as acts of heroism.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A B C D E

25
73. On the evening of 9 July 1958, fisherman 74. ---- Brazil, for example, has committed to
anchored on Alaska’s Lituya Bay felt their restoring 12 million hectares of forest by
boats begin to shake violently as a powerful 2030. But even after several decades,
earthquake rumbled through the nearby replanted ‘secondary’ forest tends to have
mountains. ----. Several million tons of rock lower rates of biodiversity, particularly fewer
had broken free from the mountains and slid large animals, than virgin rainforest, which
down into the water at high speed. The houses a blend of species developed over
impact was so forceful that a large air cavity hundreds of thousands of years. Many
was formed behind the debris, causing it to replantation efforts focus on linking isolated
displace far more water than the volume of patches of original forest with ‘corridors’ of
the landslide. The resulting mega-tsunami restored forest. Deforestation is still a major
swept up the helpless boats, carrying them problem in many parts of the world, and so
over the land and high above the trees, preserving existing rainforest is key to
before washing them back into the bay or conservation efforts.
out to sea.
A) Illegal logging continues to be a persistent
A) The main clue was the band of younger problem, threatening wildlife habitat and
trees situated below mature forests on the forcing indigenous tribes off their land.
bay’s shoreline, which suggested lower
B) Deforestation, clearance or clearing is the
vegetation had previously been wiped out.
removal of a forest or stand of trees.
B) This poses the question of when the next
C) Large-scale deforestation in Maranhão
one will occur.
began in the 1960s with the construction of
C) Miraculously, several of the villagers new highways.
survived the forest fire to tell their harrowing
D) A number of projects across the world aim
story.
to regenerate areas of rainforest.
D) Geologists had been studying the area for
E) The 18th and 19th centuries saw great
some time prior to these two tsunami waves.
changes across Europe and North America in
E) Although their vessels survived the initial the way people farmed.
tremors, the worst was yet to come as they
heard an enormous crash coming from the
head of the bay.
A B C D E

A B C D E

23
75. The lives of men and women everywhere 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
were made more convenient with the okunduğunda parçanın anlam
invention of the hair dryer in 1920. ---- One bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
of the first devices used as a hair dryer was
actually the vacuum cleaner. Turn of the
76. (I) You are probably familiar with the
century vacuum cleaners sucked in air
Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods in
through the front and blew it out through
which the dinosaurs lived, but today we live in
the back. The vacuum cleaner came with a
what has been officially labelled the
hose that could be connected to either the
Holocene, a name that comes from the
front or back end. Women would often
Ancient Greek for ‘entirely recent’. (II) This
connect the vacuum hose to the back end of
has enabled geologists to divide the planet’s
the vacuum, turn it on and use the air from
timeline into several distinct eras. (III) This
the vacuum to dry their hair.
epoch began 11,700 years ago after the last
A) Unlike modern hair dryers, the first hand- major ice age and, for the most part, has
held hair dryer was big, bulky and frequently featured a relatively stable climate. (IV) This
overheated. has enabled us to plan ahead and greatly
improve our way of life by inventing
B) Then, in 1951, a new type of hair dryer was agriculture, harnessing new forms of energy
released and it consisted of a more and building cities. (V) However, some
lightweight hand-held hair dryer. scientists are now arguing that the enormous
C) Before its invention, however, women and impact all of this human activity has had on
men were creative when it came to drying the planet has led us into an entirely new
their hair. geological epoch: the Anthropocene.

D) But, early hair dryers were prone to A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

creating dangerous electrical shocks when
accidentally dropped into water during use.
A B C D E
E) Moreover, hair dryers have come a long
way since the invention of the first hand held
hair dryer in the 1920s.

A B C D E

24
77. (I) Tectonic volcanoes tend to exist along 79. (I) A hurricane, with the size of Irma, can
the edges between tectonic plates, massive cause extensive damage on land with massive
rock slabs that make up Earth's surface. (II) It storm surges, excessive rainfall and raging
is typical to think of volcanoes as destructive winds. (II) But, what exactly happens below
forces of nature, but their activity can actually the ocean's surface, in the deep sea, when
help to foster new life. (III) Megapodes, a these storms pass through? (III) They might be
family of birds found around Australia and the called different names in different parts of the
Polynesian islands, for example, are unusual world, but their potential impact on lives of
in that they do not incubate their eggs with the people is the same, and sometimes
their body heat. (IV) Members of some devastating. (IV) Hurricanes can be death
species, such as the maleo in Indonesia, sentences for coral and sea creatures that are
incubate their eggs in hot volcanic ash rather territorial, meaning they cannot leave their
than building a typical nest. (V) Using their homes to flee to safety, or for creatures that
large, strong feet, they dig holes in the ash are slow swimmers, such as the seahorse. (V)
and bury their eggs in the warm ground, However, other animals, such as sharks and
which requires less energy than building and some fish, simply swim out of danger's way.
maintaining a nest and reduces the risk of
parents being attacked as they sit on their
eggs. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A B C D E A B C D E

78. (I) The silvered-glass mirrors found 80. (I) Until 2013, the oldest individual tree in
throughout the world today first got their the world was Methuselah, a 4,845-year-old
start in Germany almost 200 years ago. (II) In Great Basin bristlecone pine in the White
1835, German chemist Justus von Liebig Mountains of California. (II) The Tree of
developed a process for applying a thin layer Ténéré was an isolated acacia tree located in
of metallic silver to one side of a pane of clear the Ténéré region of the Sahara Desert in
glass. (III) However, even though modern modern-day Niger. (III) The tree was
mirrors may have originated in the 19th supposedly the only tree growing for
century, mirrors in general have actually been hundreds of miles and was arguably the most
around for much longer. (IV) According to a isolated tree on Earth. (IV) The uniqueness of
2006 review by vision scientist Dr. Jay Enoch, the tree made it a landmark for people
people in Anatolia, modern-day Turkey, navigating the barren landscape. (V) The tree
manufactured the first mirrors out of ground met its end in 1973 when a vehicle collided
and polished volcanic glass about 8,000 years into it, but today, a metal sculpture of the
ago. (V) The concepts of the soul are, tree stands where the tree once grew.
therefore, often associated with mirrors,
which results in a wealth of superstition
surrounding mirrors, including this country. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A B C D E A B C D E

25
73. When you stare up into the night sky, it’s 74. The pancreas is a gland organ located in the
hard to miss the brightest object and our closest abdominal cavity, behind the stomach, and is
celestial neighbour – the moon. It has fascinated roughly 6 inches long. ---- First and foremost, the
humans for thousands of years, was worshipped pancreas helps in the digestion of food, as it can
as a god in the past, and has inspired countless release enzymes from its exocrine cells that are
generations to wonder whether alien life may be required to break down particular types of food.
waiting for us on our doorstep. However, with These specialized enzymes include amylase and
the advent of space travel, our 6 Apollo missions lipase, which help to metabolize carbohydrates
to the moon, and our improved ability to learn and fats, respectively, as well as trypsin and
about the composition of celestial bodies from chymotrypsin, which are needed to break down
Earth, we now know that the moon cannot and carbohydrates. Without proper digestion from
never has supported life. ---- these additional gastric juices, less nutrients
would be available to the body.
A) Furthermore, even if those gases were to be
produced or released, the low gravity of the moon A) While few people give this body part much
would make it difficult to hold onto those thought, it performs a few critical roles within the
molecules. body.

B) Therefore, our technological advancements B) There are quite a few conditions that may
mean that we may someday be able to colonize result in removal of the pancreas.
the Mars.
C) The most immediate effect of removing your
C) Also known as the water bear, this microscopic pancreas is the inability of your body to produce
organism has been found all over the world. insulin, so you will immediately become diabetic.

D) This is because moon cannot have an D) Secondly, the pancreas creates a very
atmosphere as it is not geologically active. important hormone in its endocrine cells – insulin.

E) Without the presence of such an atmosphere, E) When it comes to digestion and your nutrient
however, there is no chance for the formation of intake, the loss of your pancreas will also cause
more complex molecules. numerous problems.

A B C D E A B C D E

23
75. ---- Therefore, when someone sneezed, they 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
could accidentally risk expelling their souls from okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
their body. That’s the reason people around that bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
person asked for God’s blessing. However, this is
not the only reason, as there are many more
76. (I) Buttons on women’s clothing are usually on
accounts of the origin of the “Bless you”
the left side while on men’s, they’re on the right.
response to a loud sneeze. One of the most
(II) With this in mind, cloth-makers designed
common reasons that people think this custom
articles of clothing that were easier for other
exists is also because plenty of folks believe that
people, i.e., maids and servants, to button up. (III)
one’s heart stops momentarily when they
Given that the number of right-handed people is
sneeze.
far greater than the number of left-handed
A) We humans may boast of being the most people, why are female shirts’ buttons still placed
intelligent species on the planet, but we are truly on the left side? (IV) There is no definite reason
not. behind this stylistic norm, but there are a few
plausible hypotheses, one being that this trend
B) Pope Gregory I mandated that everyone should was set by the elite women of the mid-1800s who
beg for the Lord’s mercy when someone sneezed were dressed by their maids. (V) Buttons on the
around them. left side made it more convenient for the maids to
C) In ancient times, it was believed that one’s soul button their mistresses up.
resided inside their head in the form of air. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
D) Another account of the origin of this custom
pertains to a superstition that people used to A B C D E

have in ancient times.

E) Some ancient cultures thought that sneezing 77. (I) When people drop off their clothes at the
was a way for a body to forcefully expel evil spirits dry cleaner, they don’t tend to hang around and
from inside it. ask the workers what sort of magic they wield to
eliminate tough stains from the most delicate
fabrics. (II) Most customers simply come back 2-3
days later, expecting a perfectly pressed and cling
A B C D E
film-covered outfit that is crisp and ready to wear.
(III) However, dry cleaners are not magicians, and
the process of dry cleaning is surprisingly simple.
(IV) The question is, how does it actually work?
(V) As most of you know, cleaning your clothes in
a regular washing machine is perfectly acceptable
for most types of clothes.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A B C D E

24
78. (I) There have been numerous claims over the 80. (I) Evolutionary psychologists sometimes
years that drinking coffee will increase your risk of suggest that it’s natural for human groups to wage
succumbing to a whole range of terrible things. (II) war because we’re made up of selfish genes
Yet when scientists followed over 120,000 men which demand to be replicated. (II) So, it’s natural
and women for more than 20 years they found for us to try to get hold of resources which help us
something altogether more surprising. (III) The to survive, and to fight over them with other
study, The Relationship of Coffee Consumption groups. (III) For example, they cannot explain the
with Mortality, concluded that “regular coffee apparent lack of warfare in early human history,
consumption was not associated with an or pre-history. (IV) Other groups potentially
increased mortality rate in either men or women”. endanger our survival, and so we have to compete
(IV) But we simply don’t know what it is in coffee and fight with them. (V) There are also biological
that helps. (V) In fact, they found moderate coffee attempts to explain war, which argue that men
consumption appears to be mildly protective. are biologically primed to fight wars because of
the large amount of testosterone they contain,
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
since it is widely believed that testosterone is
linked to aggression.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A B C D E

A B C D E

79. (I) Many fruit juices contain large amounts of

water and sugar, and juices that are 100 per cent
fruit still contain almost as much sugar as a
sweetened drink. (II) An apple a day keeps the
doctor away, or so ‘they’ say. (III) Along with the
rest of the inhabitants of the fruit bowl, apples
have a reputation of being able to lower the risk
of mortality. (IV) Plenty of studies out there show
that people who eat fruit tend to be healthier
than fruit-shunners, and have reduced risks of
cardiovascular disease and cancer. (V) This could
be because fruit contains vitamins and fibre,
which are good for health, as well as antioxidants
that repair cells.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A B C D E

TEST BİTTİ.

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.

25
  

73.   Jealousy   appears   to   be   particularly   strong   74.   Near   the   end   of   each   calendar   year,   ocean  
amongst  children  of  the  same  sex.  Perhaps  this  is   surface   temperatures   warm   along   the   coasts   of  
because   children   of   different   sex   need   different   Ecuador  and  northern  Peru.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐.  The  appearance  
kinds  of  attention.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  .  The  other  reason  might  be   of   this   weather   pattern   signified   the   end   of   the  
that,   in   the   period   of   developing   sexual   roles,   fishing   season   and   the   arrival   of   the   time   for  
which  is  characterized  by  feeling  attracted  to  the   Peruvian   fishermen   to   repair   their   nets   and  
opposite   sex   parent,   each   child   bonds   to   a   maintain  their  boats.  Every  two  to  seven  years  a  
different  parent,  so  the  feeling  of  competition  is   much   stronger   warming   appears   along   the   west  
not  so  strong.   coast   of   South   America,   often   accompanied   by  
heavy   rainfall   in   the   arid   coastal   regions   of  
A)   Still,   even   in   more   sophisticated   societies,  
Ecuador  and  northern  Peru.    
individuals  can  still  react  to  such  an  experience  in  a  
dramatic  way.    

B)  If  you  want  to  overcome  jealousy,  the  key  is  in   A)     Even   if   people   had   known   what   was   coming,  
developing  sense  of  worthiness  and  a  feeling  that   they   would   not   have   been   prepared   for   such  
you  deserve  love.   disasters  

C)  The  problem  of  sibling  rivalry  is  a  complex  one   B)   In   the   past,   local   residents   referred   to   this  
and  doesn’t  have  an  easy  answer   annual  warming  as  “El  Niño,”  meaning  “The  Child,”  
due  to  its  appearance  around  the  Christmas  season  
D)  Healthy  competition  also  teaches  kids  to  stand  
up  for  themselves.     C)  Peru’s  coast  has  been  battered  by  the  strongest  
rains  seen  in  decades  caused  by  the  coastal  El  Nino    
E)  Therefore,  they  don't  feel  so  threatened  by  the  
type  of  attention  given  to  the  sibling   D)   El   Niño   and   La   Niña   tend   to   alternate   in   an  
irregular   cycle,   which   is   often   referred   to   as   the  
 
ENSO  cycle  
 
E)  A  milder  than  normal  winter  across  the  northern  
  states  and  western  Canada    

     

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

  75.   Animals   have   been   kept   in   captivity   since  

around   the   time   of   the   ancient   Egyptians.   Over  

 
  

the   centuries   people   have   captured   and    

maintained  groups  of  wild  animals  for  numerous  
76.   (I)   Conventional   approaches   to   cancer  
reasons,   ranging   from   the   display   of   wealth   to  
treatment   have   generally   been   studied   for   safety  
education   and   conservation.   However,   Homo  
and   effectiveness   through   a   rigorous   scientific  
sapiens   has   not   always   treated   its   fellow  
process,  including  clinical  trials  with  large  numbers  
creatures  well.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐.  
of   patients.   (II)   Most   medical   schools   receive   a  
  huge   chunk   of   funding   from   the   pharmaceutical  
industry   that   has   a   vested   interest   in   marketing  
 
their  medicines  (III)  Often,  less  is  known  about  the  
A)   They   could   absorb   the   specialist   components   safety   and   effectiveness   of   complementary   and  
covered   by   aquariums,   botanic   gardens,   natural   alternative  methods.  (IV)  Some  of  these  therapies  
history  museums,  even  science  centres   have   not   undergone   rigorous   evaluation.   (V)  
Others,  once  considered  unorthodox,  are  finding  a  
B)   Some   even   still   say   that   a   zoo   without   an   place   in   cancer   treatment-­‐-­‐not   as   cures,   but   as  
elephant   can’t   consider   itself   worthy   of   being   complementary   therapies   that   may   help   patients  
called  a  zoo   feel  better  and  recover  faster.  
C)   A   survey   of   1600   schoolchildren   in   Western   A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
Australia   found   that   1   in   5   believed   they   did   not  
need  farmers    

D)  This  has  led,  more  recently,  to  the  development    

of   legislation   and   codes   of   ethics   in   order   to  
77.   (I)   As   human   societies   adopted   agriculture,  
improve  the  welfare  of  animals  in  human  care  
their   people   became   shorter   and   less   healthy,  
E)   Zoo   collections   are   not   only   restricted   to   according   to   a   new   review   of   studies   focused   on  
animals,  they  focus  intently  on  big  animals   the   health   impacts   of   early   farming.   (II)   Societies  
around  the  world  experienced  this  trend  regardless  
    of  when  they  started  farming  or  what  stapled  crops  
    they   farmed,   the   researchers   found.   (III)   This  
finding   runs   contrary   to   the   idea   that   a   stable  
  source   of   food   makes   people   grow   bigger   and  
  healthier.   (IV)   Yet,   most   smallholder   farmers   live  
on  less  than  $2  a  day  and  they  lack  basic  skills  that  
  would  enable  them  to  make  a  living  in  urban  areas.  
(V)   The   data   suggest,   in   fact,   that   poor   nutrition,  
 
increased   disease,   and   other   problems   that  
  plagued   early   farming   peoples   more   than   their  
hunter-­‐gatherer   predecessors   outweighed   any  
 
benefits  from  stability.  
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
78.  (I)  Koalas,  native  to  the  Australian  wilds,  initially  
  proved   difficult   to   keep   alive   in   zoos   because  
koalas  eat  nothing  but  the  leaves  of  the  eucalyptus  
76.  -­‐ -­‐  80.  sorularda,  cümleler  sırasıyla   tree.  (II)  So,  zoos  provided  them  with  an  unlimited  
okunduğunda  parçanın  anlam  bütünlüğünü  
supply   of   eucalyptus   leaves.   (III)   However,   koalas  
bozan    cümleyi  bulunuz.    

 
  

are  suffering  lower  populations  from  loss  of  habitat   gives  an  understanding  of  how  a  child  is  able  to  do  
and   predators.   (IV)   One   zoo   even   planted   complex   things   as   he   gets   older.   (IV)   In   order   to  
eucalyptus  trees  in  a  special  grove  to  ensure  that   study   the   growth,   change   and   stability,   child  
the  koalas  had  a  continual  supply  of  fresh  leaves.   development   takes   a   scientific   approach.   (V)   Like  
(V)   However,   koalas   kept   in   captivity   always   died   members   of   other   scientific   disciplines,  
within  a  year  or  their  arrival  at  the  zoo.   researchers   in   child   development   test   their  
assumptions   about   the   nature   and   course   of  
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
human   development   by   applying   scientific  
  methods.  

  A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  

     

   

   

   

79.   (I)   Recent   developments   in   nanotechnology    

have   provided   researchers   with   new   tools   for  
 TEST  BİTTİ.  
cancer  imaging  and  treatment.  (II)  Cancer  is  one  of  
the  major  causes  of  mortality  in  the  United  States,   CEVAPLARINIZI  KONTROL  EDİNİZ.  
and   the   worldwide   incidence   of   cancer   continues  
to   increase.   (III)   The   most   common   cancer  
treatments  are  limited  to  chemotherapy,  radiation,  
and   surgery.   (IV)   Frequent   challenges   stemming  
from  these  therapies  include  nonspecific  systemic  
distribution  of  antitumor  agents,  inadequate  drug  
concentrations   reaching   the   tumour,   and   the  
limited   ability   to   monitor   therapeutic   responses.  
(V)  Poor  drug  delivery  to  the  target  site  also  leads  
to   significant   complications,   such   as   multidrug  
resistance  

A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  

80.  (I)  The  field  of  child  development  involves  the  

scientific  study  of  the  patterns  of  growth,  change  
and  stability  that  occurs  from  conception  through  
adolescence.   (II)   He   uses   his   cognitive   and  
language  skills  to  reason  and  solve  problems.  (III)  It  

 
73. ----. It is very important that you follow these 74. The average number of Google searches per
instructions to avoid complications during and day has grown from 9,800 in 1998 to over 4.7
after your surgery. If your surgery will be in part trillion today. ----. But while it’s certainly
of your gastrointestinal system, having food in convenient to have the sum of all knowledge at
your system could complicate the surgery and our fingertips, studies show that the “Google
lead to infection or cause the surgery to be effect” is changing the way we think. This means
cancelled. In some cases, a bowel preparation is that we’re relying on Google to store knowledge
done, a process that completely empties your long-term, instead of our own brains.
digestive tract to prepare for surgery.

A) This may not be surprising, since we’ve all

come to appreciate the thrill of instant
information
A) If you have a medical condition, such as
diabetes, that means you need to eat and drink B) Basically, our brain is learning to disregard
regularly information found online

B) If you are planning to have operation you may C) Our brains use information stored in the long-
have been told that you shouldn’t eat or drink for term memory to facilitate critical thinking
eight to 12 hours prior to your procedure
D) If we rely on Google to store our knowledge,
C) Regional anaesthesia is the preferred we may be losing an important part of our identity
anaesthetic technique for patients undergoing
E) You can use the technology less and set aside
orthopaedic surgery
your phone to maintain your focus and not be
D) Patients are usually given specific instructions interrupted
about eating and drinking by the nurse who
contacts you the day after your surgery

E) In surgical procedure requiring general

anaesthesia, the anaesthesiologist will give a
combination of drugs

1
75. Venice is in danger of becoming the next 76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
Atlantis. That's right, this famed city is brimming okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
with priceless art, gorgeous architecture, holy bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
sites and water. Lots and lots of water. Naturally,
Italy isn't content to watch one of its cultural
76. (I) Over the past year, there has been a
crown jewels slump into the sea. ---- . The dam is
significant increase in the number of connected
called MOSE, an acronym for an experimental
cars on the road. (II) Internet has entered in our
version of the project Experimental
lives in a big way, from sending mails, reading the
Electromechanical Module. The name also aptly
news, to the booking of tickets on-line. (III) And
reminds of the biblical figure Moses, who parted
as internet integration becomes more
the Red Sea.
commonplace, the automobile as we know it will
transform. (IV) Over the next five to 10 years, this
internet integration is expected to change the car
A) But as Venice's architecture became more ownership model, create a new platform for
precious, no one wanted to destroy it consumers to access content, lead to fully
B) It took a long time to design and approve this autonomous vehicles, and revolutionize the auto
project and so MOSE is currently the most industry. (V) The market position of the car today
massive public works project in the entire world is similar to where the smartphone was in 2010 —
it's just taken off and is ready to explode.
C) There are three primary routes for water
flowing in and out of the lagoon: the Lido, A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Malamocco and Chioggia inlets

D) Construction teams must make perfectly flat

ditches in the seafloor to install these barriers
77. (I) The risk of thermonuclear war has rarely
E) Therefore, the country is taking on an been greater. (II) But despite the growing threat,
unprecedented water damming project, which it the general public are less prepared than they
hopes will block out rising tides and preserve ever have been to cope with an attack. (III) With
Venice for generations to come Trump in the White house, Putin in the Kremlin,
North Korea testing ballistic missiles and the
perilous state of military security, nuclear war is a
real possibility. (IV) Nuclear power plants
routinely produce radioactive gases and liquid
wastes during normal operations. (V) It would kill
millions of people, leave many more seriously
injured, coat the planet in radioactive fallout and
destroy the ecosystem.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

1
78. (I) Alexander Graham Bell made his name as 80. (I) Farming and fishing are major sources of
the inventor of the world's first practical livelihood in rural households in the Philippines.
telephone. (II) But, his genius wasn't just limited (II) The main sources of export earnings are,
to revolutionary inventions. (III) There is no however, banana, pineapple, coconut, sugar, and
reason why we should not utilise the roofs of our mango in the Philippines. (III) Farming systems in
houses to install solar panels to catch and store the country are complex, multi-faceted, and
the heat received from the Sun. (IV) He not only geared to promote efficient production and a
predicted today's looming energy crisis, he also steady source of income. (IV) However, these
offered up a solution complete with solar panels have also wrought unwanted consequences on
and biofuel. (V) It’s been revealed that, in a 1917 the environment, notably soil erosion, water
article written for National Geographic magazine, pollution, groundwater depletion, loss of natural
Bell made an eerily accurate prediction about our habitats, and loss of biological diversity. (V)
unbridled use of fossil fuels, and later speculated Initiatives from various sectors to mitigate their
that Earth would become a "hot-house". adverse environmental impacts are in place in
terms of policies, programs, and action projects.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) In order to deal with obesity in the UK, at

government level, there should be a greater
appetite to tackle issues within the food industry.
(II) Obesity is a highly visible public health
problem. (III) We see it on the high streets, in the
shopping malls and in the restaurants and, as the
numbers in the population classified as
overweight or obese become more common, we
sadly seem to be getting immune to it. (IV) But
becoming immune cannot be a solution;
complacency will only serve to further increase
the costs of too many people carrying too many
pounds of unnecessary body fat for too many
years of their lives. (V) For many nations obesity
and its consequences are possibly the biggest
public health problem they are facing. TEST BİTTİ.

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

1
  

73.  A  few  weeks  ago,  if  you  saw  someone   74.  Always  wished  we  had  a  second  Moon?  Then  
wandering  around  your  neighbourhood  staring   you  are  in  luck!  NASA  scientists  from  the  
at  their  phone,  you  might  have  assumed  they   Planetary  Defence  Coordination  Office  (PDCO)  on  
were  lost.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐.  Welcome  to  Pokémon  Go,  the   Mount  Haleakala  in  Maui,  Hawaii  recently  
free-­‐to-­‐play  location-­‐based  augmented  reality   discovered  a  small  asteroid  that  they  believe  has  
game  that  has  taken  the  world  by  storm  since  its   been  looping  Earth  for  at  least  a  century.  But  
release  on  July  6.  Similar  to  previous  Pokémon   despite  its  unwavering  loyalty  to  our  planet,  the  
games,  players  travel  the  world  to  capture  and   researchers  have  no  intention  of  calling  it  a  
battle  the  monsters  in  their  quest  to  become  the   moon.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐.  
greatest  Pokémon  trainers.  However,  while  the  
 
trips  in  the  previous  games  were  imaginary  and  
conducted  within  the  confines  of  a  room,   A)  That’s  because  while  the  asteroid  that  is  
Pokémon  Go  forces  players  to  get  off  their  chairs   believed  to  be  between  120-­‐ft.(40m)  –  300-­‐
and  venture  outside.   ft.(100m)  in  size  loops  around  Earth,  its  orbit  is  
around  the  sun  
 
B)  However,  since  its  path  closely  mimics  that  of  
A)  Now,  it  would  not  be  too  much  of  a  stretch  to  
Earth’s,  2016  H03  moves  in  sync  with  our  planet  
think  that  they  are  busy  locating,  capturing,  
battling  or  training  fictional  creatures  called   C)  Moreover,  thanks  to  the  Earth’s  gravitational  
Pokémon   pull,  2016  H03  never  wanders  more  than  about  40  
million  kilometres  from  our  planet  
B)  The  game  uses  the  phone’s  GPS  and  camera  to  
help  players  “find”  Pokemon  in  the  real  world,  as   D)  Instead,  they  refer  to  the  asteroid,  which  has  
well  as  discovering  various  landmarks  or   been  dubbed  2016  H03,  as  a  “quasi-­‐moon”  or  
Pokéstops   “near-­‐earth  companion”  
C)  This  could  mean  finding  a  Rattata  in  your   E)  According  to  their  calculations,  this  near-­‐earth  
backyard,  a  Pidgey  around  the  block,  or  a   companion  will  remain  Earth’s  “dance  partner”  
Pokéstop  at  your  favourite  neighbourhood  ice   for  at  least  another  century,  if  not  more  
cream  parlour  
 
D)  The  Pokémon  are  usually  themed  around  the  
area  they  appear  —  for  instance,  players  might    
find  water  Pokémon  near  rivers  and  lakes  or    
ghost-­‐type  Pokémon  around  graveyards  
 
E)  The  game  itself  involves  just  a  single  player  
trying  to  build  the  biggest  collection  of  Pokémon    

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

23  
 
  

75.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐.  Since  that  time,  other  studies  have   76.  -­‐  80.  sorularda,  cümleler  sırasıyla  
demonstrated  that  pet  owners  have  healthier   okunduğunda  parçanın  anlam  bütünlüğünü  
physiological  responses  to  stress,  including  lower   bozan  cümleyi  bulunuz.  
baseline  heart  rate  and  blood  pressure,  and    
demonstrate  less  cardiovascular  reactivity  to,  
and  faster  recovery  from,  mild  stressors.  These   76.  (I)  Scientists  have  long  suspected  that  the  
benefits  of  animal  companionship  are  partially   elusive  Greenland  sharks  lived  for  a  long  time.  (II)  
explained  by  the  social  support  that  pets   It  turns  out  they  were  right!  (III)  A  new  study  has  
provide,  and  its  buffering  effect  against  the   revealed  that  the  world’s  second  largest  
stresses  of  everyday  life     carnivorous  fish  may  have  a  lifespan  of  as  long  as  
400  years.  (IV)  However,  nobody  had  investigated  
 
to  see  what  that  exact  period  was.  (V)  To  put  it  in  
A)  In  a  2010  study,  it  was  found  that  dogs  provide   perspective,  that  is  about  twice  that  of  the  
opportunities  and  motivation  for  older  adults  to   previously  known  longest-­‐living  vertebrate,  the  
engage  in  regular  physical  activity   Bowhead  whale,  which  is  known  to  live  for  up  to  
two  centuries.  
B)  Being  with  animals  can  combat  loneliness  and  
encourage  exercise,  but  they  aren't  right  for   A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
everyone  
 
C)  In  1980,  a  ground-­‐breaking  study  showed  that  
 
there  was  a  significant  positive  association  
between  having  pets  and  one-­‐year  survival  after   77.  (I)  The  Rio  2016  Olympics  will  be  remembered  
hospitalisation  for  certain  kinds  of  heart  disease   for  many  things.  (II)  For  example,  Katie  Ledecky’s  
dominating  performance  in  the  800-­‐meter  
D)  Last  year  scientists  revealed  that  for  children,  
freestyle,  Simone  Biles’s  flawless  gymnastic  
interacting  with  animals  may  be  more  beneficial  
routines,  Abbey  D'Agostino’s  and  Nikki  Hamblin’s  
than  spending  time  with  other  children  
sportsmanship  during  the  5000-­‐meter  qualifying  
E)  In  1980  physicians  from  the  University  of   run  are  a  few  of  them.  (III)  However,  the  
Maryland  Hospital  and  Medical  school  reported   moments  that  will  be  forever  etched  on  
that  they  studied  groups  of  patients  discharged   everyone’s  minds  will  be  the  events  that  featured  
after  a  heart  attack   two  of  the  world’s  greatest  athletes  —  Jamaican  
sprinter  Usain  Bolt  and  American  swimmer  
 
Michael  Phelps  —  who  both  declared  their  
  retirement  following  the  Rio  Games.  (IV)  As  of  
2016,  both  Bolt  and  Phelps  are  adamant  about  
 
not  returning  to  the  Games.  (V)  At  the  Rio  Games,  
  the  decorated  athlete  became  the  first  person  to  
win  the  fourth  consecutive  Olympic  gold  in  the  
  200-­‐meter  individual  medley.  
  A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
   
   
   
   
 

24  
 
  

78.  (I)  On  June  23,  residents  of  the  four  countries   80.  (I)  Today,  according  to  UNICEF,  780  million  
that  make  up  the  United  Kingdom  (UK)—  England,   humans  are  without  access  to  clean  water.  (II)  We  
Scotland,  Northern  Ireland,  and  Wales  —  went  to   just  turn  on  the  tap  and  are  not  at  all  surprised  
the  polls  to  determine  if  the  country  should  leave   when  clean,  drinkable  water  comes  right  out.  (III)  
the  European  Union  (EU).  (II)  Most  experts   There  are  about  a  billion  people  worldwide  
believed  that  Britons  would  make  the  “sensible”   currently  living  in  slums  in  urban  areas  that  are  
decision  and  vote  against  what  has  popularly  been   densely  populated  and  often  don’t  have  basic  
dubbed  “Brexit.”  (III)  After  all,  the  benefits  of   things  like  sanitation,  running  water,  and  
remaining  with  the  world’s  largest  economy  far   electricity.  (IV)  In  fact,  we  go  to  the  bathroom  in  
outweigh  the  drawbacks,  but  the  experts  were   gallons  of  clean  water  every  single  day.  (V)Yet  
wrong!  (IV)  This  will  address  issues  like  trade   11%  of  the  world’s  population  don’t  have  access  
tariffs,  migration,  as  well  as  regulations  on   to  clean  water  within  20  kilometres,  sometimes  
everything  —  ranging  from  agriculture  to  cars.  (V)   even  more.  
Of  the  72%  or  30  million  people  that  voted,  52%  
 
opted  to  exit  the  EU.  
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
79.  (I)  For  so  many  years,  big  business  dominated  
the  corporate  world  but  as  they  say:  “Times,  they    
are  a  changing.”  (II)  Big  corporates  have  huge  
mailing  lists  and  marketing  clout  meaning  they    
can  attract  a  very  large  number  of  users  and    
downloads.  (III)  Entrepreneurs  have  made  great  
headway  into  the  business  world  and  are  rapidly    
not  only  competing  with  big  businesses  but  often    
dominating  them.  (IV)  One  of  the  biggest  worries  
facing  new  business  owners  starting  a  new    
venture  is  that  they  won’t  be  able  to  compete  
 
against  the  bigger  players  that  are  already  well-­‐
established  but  that’s  really  not  true  anymore.     TEST  BİTTİ.    
(V)  In  fact,  in  many  ways,  small  businesses  are  
CEVAPLARINIZI  KONTROL  EDİNİZ.  
inherently  more  competitive  than  their  larger  
counterparts  and  have  many  qualities  and  
advantages  that  big  businesses  don’t  have.  

A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  

25  
 
YDS | 1 Aralık 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

72-75: For these questions, choose the best 74. With the rise of global terrorism, plague has
option to complete the missing part of the come to be seen as a potential weapon of
passage. biological warfare. During World War II, Japan
is said to have spread Yersinia-infected fleas in
72. Healthcare represented a primary concern for selected areas of China, and during the Cold
people of the ancient world, just as it still does War the United States and the Soviet Union
today. ---- Hence, when people became ill or developed means for spreading Yersinia
suffered injuries, they did not visit hospitals or directly as an aerosol – a particularly efficient
clinics. On the contrary, they often sought out way to infect people with a lethal plague. ---- In
treatment and comfort from priests, offered response, some governments have developed
sacrifices and prayers to certain gods, or plans and stockpiled medications for dealing
consulted learned practitioners who might with emergency outbreaks of plague.
prescribe the use of medicinal herbs or the A) In principle, such attacks are generally
following of other, sometimes more mysterious, possible against any message sent using
traditional rituals. public-key technology.
A) The world of healthcare has changed B) In many conflicts, diseases have been
impressively over the last few decades. responsible for more deaths than all the
B) There was definitely a lack of a patient-centric employed combat arms combined.
approach in healthcare, not to mention the C) Such an attack may cause a high casualty rate
challenges of a paper-based system. in only limited areas, but it may also create
C) Nevertheless, until the 6th and 5th centuries panic in the general population.
BCE healing was rooted predominantly in D) Lethal biological weapons may be capable of
religion and magic. causing mass deaths, but they are incapable of
D) Due to lack of knowledge and resources mass destruction of infrastructure.
achieved through technology, people had less
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E) These attacks neither damage vital economic

chance to shed light on illnesses. infrastructure, nor can increase security costs,
E) Yet, rapid population growth in Europe during disrupt markets and spread fear.
the 12th and 13th centuries prompted the 75. ---- In the 6th century BCE, Thales of Miletus,
creation of many hospital foundations. sometimes credited for initiating Greek
philosophy, regarded water as the sole
fundamental building block of matter. Two
73. ---- To exemplify, the name musculus biceps hundred years later, Aristotle considered water
brachii denotes the biceps muscle of the upper to be one of four fundamental elements, in
arm. Some such names were handed down to addition to earth, air, and fire. The belief that
Europe by ancient Greek and Roman writers, water was a fundamental substance persisted
and many more were coined by European for more than 2,000 years until experiments in
anatomists from the 16th century on. the second half of the 18th century showed that
Expanding medical knowledge meant the water is a compound made up of the elements
discovery of many bodily structures and hydrogen and oxygen.
tissues, but there was no uniformity of
nomenclature, and thousands of new names A) The availability of water in large quantities has
were added as medical writers followed their not been an essential part of civilization
own fancies, usually expressing them in a Latin throughout different periods.
form. B) Throughout history there have been many
A) Scientific names, whether they are Latin or not, occasions when hundreds of thousands of
are traditionally printed in italics. people have died owing to polluted water.

B) Scientific names for the parts and structures of C) Since water is absolutely essential to human
the human body are usually in Latin. life, it should not be surprising that it is an
important component.
C) Scientific names incorporate a person's name,
a location or some other combination of letters. D) Humans have settled near sources of water
and most of the great ancient civilizations
D) Although scientific names are often useful, depended on a particular source of water.
they can also be misleading sometimes.
E) As a result of its prominence, water has long
E) The format for writing scientific names is played an important religious and philosophical
standardized and internationally accepted. role in human history.

Suat GÜRCAN - Rıdvan GÜRBÜZ 17

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 YDS | 1 Aralık 2019 Özgün Deneme Sınavı

76-80: For these questions, choose the 79. (I) Concern for social responsibility in journalism
irrelevant sentence in the passage. was largely a product of the late 19th and 20th
centuries. (II) The proliferation of paperback books
76. (I) Hundreds of specific substances are considered during the decades after World War II gave
hazardous when present in trace amounts in the impetus to the journalistic book. (III) The earliest
air. (II) These pollutants are called air toxics. newspapers and journals were generally violently
(III) Many of them cause genetic mutations or partisan in politics and considered that the
cancer; some cause other types of health fulfilment of their social responsibility lay in
problems, such as adverse effects on brain tissue proselytizing their own party’s position and
or fetal development. (IV) Hazardous air pollutants denouncing that of the opposition. (IV) As the
also come from “area” sources, which are many reading public grew, however, the newspapers
smaller sources that release pollutants into the grew in size and wealth and became increasingly
outdoor air in a defined area. (V) Although the total independent. (V) Newspapers began to mount their
emissions and the number of sources of air toxics own popular and sensational “crusades” in order to
are small compared with those for criteria increase their circulation.
pollutants, these pollutants can pose an immediate A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
health risk to exposed individuals.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

77. (I) With water being used more effectively,

transportation got relatively rapid prior to about
1850 C.E. (II) Water was an important source of
power in the period before the Industrial
Revolution. (III) Even though steam power made 80. (I) Today, in less-developed countries where
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water power less necessary, water remained an population is dense and hygienic standards poor,
essential component in all kinds of manufacturing tuberculosis remains a major fatal disease. (II) The
processes. (IV) Beginning with the Industrial prevalence of the disease has increased in
Revolution, however, water increasingly becomes a association with the HIV/AIDS epidemic; an
hidden factor in human history. (V) For many, it estimated one out of every four deaths from
quite literally went underground, hidden from sight tuberculosis involves an individual coinfected with
until one turned on a faucet or flushed a toilet. HIV. (III) In addition, the successful elimination of
tuberculosis as a major threat to public health in
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
the world has been complicated by the rise of new
strains of the tubercle bacillus that are resistant to
conventional antibiotics. (IV) The onset of
tuberculosis is usually insidious, with lack of
78. (I) Hittite cuneiform tablets discovered at Boğazköy energy, weight loss, and persistent cough.
have yielded important information about Hittites’ (V) Infections with these strains are often difficult to
political organization, social structure, economy, treat and require the use of combination drug
and religion. (II) The Hittite king was not only the therapies, sometimes involving the use of five
chief ruler, military leader, and supreme judge but different agents.
also the earthly deputy of the storm god; upon A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
dying, he himself became a god. (III) However,
early kings of the Hittite Old Kingdom, such as
Hattusilis I, consolidated and extended Hittite
control over much of Anatolia and northern Syria.
(IV) Hittite society was essentially feudal and
agrarian, the common people being either freemen,
“artisans,” or slaves. (V) Anatolia was rich in
metals, especially silver and iron and thus in the
empire period the Hittites developed iron-working
technology, helping to initiate the Iron Age.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
TEST BİTTİ.
CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.

18 Suat GÜRCAN - Rıdvan GÜRBÜZ

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73.  Music  supports  many  developing  skills  of   74.  Global  Climate  Change  is  the  most  pressing  
infants  and  young  children.  It  can  build   problem  the  world  faces  today,  due  to  the  
relationships,  provide  comfort,  foster  language   potentially  catastrophic  and  far-­‐reaching  nature  
development,  launch  creativity,  develop  fine  and   of  its  effects.  There  are  myriad  ways  to  reduce  
large  muscles  and  build  coordination.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  .  Young   these  emissions.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐.  The  gradual  increase  in  
toddlers  can  participate  in  a  song  by  clapping,   global  efficiency  standards  of  cars  is  not  only  
bouncing  or  swaying  with  your  help.  They  may   feasible,  but  will  provide  additional  benefits  to  
try  to  dance  or  sing,  or  enjoy  exploring  the   the  all  countries  like  promoting  a  cleaner  
sounds  of  musical  toys.     environment.  

A)  But  they  learn  much  more  when  adults  often   A)  However,  vehicles  that  use  fuels  other  than  
talk  and  play  with  them,  rather  than  just  watch   gasoline  or  diesel  should  receive  substantial  tax  
them  play.   incentives.  

B)  Toddlers  need  outdoor  and  indoor  space  to   B)  In  other  words,  the  industry  argues  that  heavy  
play  actively  and  enjoy.   cars  should  be  subject  to  weaker  CO2  standards  
than  light  ones.  
C)  Music  therapy  can  benefit  the  elderly  with  
mental  health  needs,  cognitive  disabilities,   C)  One  of  the  most  readily  achievable  methods  is  
Alzheimer’s  disease  and  other  aging  related   to  increase  the  average  fuel  economy  of  the  
conditions.   global  automobile  fleet.  

D)  But  these  conversations  stimulate  the  parts  of   D)  Therefore,  cars  cause  severe  local  air  pollution  
a  child’s  brain  responsible  for  speech  and   and  traffic  congestion  as  well  as  increasing  
language  development.   parking  problems  and  accident  costs.  

E)  Captivated  by  the  pattern  of  your  voice,  they   E)  Besides,  cities  around  the  world  are  facing  
may  watch  you  intently,  try  to  imitate  your   increasing  environmental,  social  and  economic  
sounds,  or  wave  and  kick  with  delight.   challenges  caused  by  inefficient  urban  transport  
systems.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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75.  One  of  the  most  common  practices  in  all  of   76.  -­‐  80.  sorularda,  cümleler  sırasıyla  
the  religions  of  the  world  is  sacrifice.  Throughout   okunduğunda  parçanın  anlam  bütünlüğünü  
history,  people  have  offered  sacrifices  of  nearly   bozan  cümleyi  bulunuz  
every  imaginable  material  to  the  gods,  spirits,    
and  demons,  or  for  ancestor  veneration.  Most  
76.  (I)  The  transformation  of  news  landscape  has  
often,  they  are  animals,  which  are  slaughtered  
already  taken  a  heavy  toll  on  print  news  sources,  
and  then  burned  or  cooked  and  eaten  before  the  
particularly  print  newspapers.  (II)  Therefore,  more  
gods.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐.  For  example,  people  have  sacrificed  
people  still  prefer  the  conventional  print  versions  
grain,  wine,  milk,  water,  wood,  tools,  weapons,  
of  newspapers  than  going  online  to  read  them.  
and  jewellery  to  the  gods.  Occasionally,  religions  
(III)  Online  and  digital  news  consumption,  
call  for  the  sacrifice  of  a  human,  but  in  most  
meanwhile,  continues  to  increase,  with  many  
religions  this  is  a  relatively  rare  practice.    
more  people  now  getting  news  on  cell  phones,  
A)  However,  the  sacrifice  of  nearly  every  other   tablets  or  other  mobile  platforms.  (IV)  And  
item  of  value  can  be  found.   perhaps  the  most  dramatic  change  in  the  news  
environment  has  been  the  rise  of  social  
B)  For  many  people,  religion,  more  than  any  other   networking  sites.  (V)  The  percentage  of  Americans  
cultural  trait,  defines  who  they  are  and  how  they   saying  they  saw  news  or  news  headlines  on  a  
understand  the  world  around  them.   social  networking  site  yesterday  has  doubled  –  
C)  One  form  of  such  sacred  place  visited  by   from  9%  to  19%  –  since  2010.  
millions  of  Muslim  people  every  year  is  popular   A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
pilgrimage  site  Kaaba.  
 
D)  Thus,  these  religious  myths  often  are  used  to  
explain  the  whys  and  hows  of  the  world.    

E)  Typically,  the  religions  and  total  cultures  of    

prehistoric  people  were  referred  to  as  primitive  
 
 
 
 
 
 
77.  (I)  People  prescribed  anti-­‐depressants  should  
  be  aware  they  could  be  at  increased  risk  of  type  2  
diabetes,  say  UK  researchers.  (II)  The  research  
  team  looked  at  available  medical  studies  and  
  found  evidence  the  two  were  linked.  (III)  But  
there  was  no  proof  that  one  necessarily  caused  
  the  other.  (IV)  It  may  be  that  people  taking  anti-­‐
  depressants  put  on  weight  which,  in  turn,  
increases  their  diabetes  risk.  (V)  Anti-­‐depressants  
  may  help  stroke  patients  recover,  according  to  
this  research.  
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
 
 
 

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78.  (I)  Most  toddlers  can  tell  us  if  they  are  in  pain.   80.  (I)  Ottoman  science  emerged  and  developed  
(II)  Even  if  they  cannot  verbally  communicate  the   on  the  basis  of  the  old  scientific  legacy  and  
source  and  level  of  their  pain,  toddlers  can  usually   institutions  of  the  pre-­‐Ottoman  Seljuk  period  in  
accurately  point  to  the  site  of  pain.  (III)  Crying  is  a   Anatolian  cities.  (II)  It  benefited  from  the  activities  
natural  and  often  automatic  response  to  pain  that   of  scholars  who  came  from  Egypt,  Syria,  Iran  and  
can  be  helpful  as  a  method  of  releasing  the   Turkestan  which  were  the  most  important  
tension  and  anxiety  pain  causes.  (IV)  However,  if   scientific  and  cultural  centres  of  the  time.  (III)  The  
they  can’t  indicate  it  on  their  own  body,  they   Ottoman  brought  a  new  dynamism  to  cultural  and  
might  point  to  the  spot  in  an  illustration  or   scientific  life  in  the  Islamic  world  and  enriched  it.  
photograph  or  on  a  doll’s  body.  (V)  Some  toddlers   (IV)  Thus,  the  Islamic  scientific  tradition  reached  
are  reluctant  to  say  they  are  in  pain,  but  changes   its  climax  in  the  sixteenth  century.  (V)  The  first  
in  their  normal  patterns  of  behaviour  or   Ottoman  madrasa  was  established  in  Iznik  in  
movement  may  signal  that  something  is  wrong.   1311,  when  scholars  were  invited  from  Iran  and  
Egypt  to  augment  Muslim  instruction  in  the  new  
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
territories.  
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
79.  (I)  Many  as  half  of  the  world’s  nearly  7,000  
 
languages  are  poised  to  become  extinct  within  the  
next  century.  (II)  When  these  languages  die,  it  will    
impact  the  endangered  language  community  and  
 
the  academic  community  alike.  (III)  Language  
plays  a  large  role  in  identity  formation,  so  the  loss    
of  a  language  has  significant  consequences  for  its  
speakers.  (IV)  That’s  to  say,  he  term  “extinct”  is    
commonly  used  to  describe  things  that  no  longer    
have  any  descendants.  (V)  Endangered  language  
communities  also  stand  to  lose  valuable  cultural    
practices,  such  as  oral  histories,  traditional  songs    
and  poetry,  and  other  art  forms  that  are  tied  to  
language.   TEST  BİTTİ.    

A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V   CEVAPLARINIZI  KONTROL  EDİNİZ.  

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73.  Mental  health  care  in  England  is  now  so  poor   74.  Getting  too  much  sun  is  bad  because  of  
and  underfunded  that  lives  are  being  ruined,  a   ultraviolet  radiation,  90  percent  of  which  comes  
review  says.  The  report,  “The  Five  Year  Forward   in  the  form  of  Ultraviolet  A  (UVA)  rays  that  are  
View  for  Mental  Health”  also  found  that  many   not  absorbed  by  the  ozone  layer  and  penetrate  
people  were  getting  no  help  or  inadequate  care,   deep  into  our  skin.  Ultraviolet  B  (UVB)  rays  make  
with  patients,  including  young  children,  being   up  the  rest.  Both  types  of  UV  rays  are  thought  to  
sent  across  the  country  for  treatment.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  As  a   cause  skin  cancer.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  According  a  study  by  far  
result,  given  the  allocated  subsidies  together   most  of  the  commercially  available  sunscreens  
with  the  scale  of  the  problem,  the  figures  are   do  not  provide  adequate  protection  against  the  
more  appalling  and  the  impact  each  year  on   sun’s  harmful  UV  radiation  and  may  also  contain  
hundreds  of  thousands  of  people  who  are   chemicals  with  questionable  safety  records.  
affected  by  mental  illness  is  inconceivable.    
A)  Getting  a  little  sunshine  is  important  for  
A)  However,  mental  health  problems  account  for   helping  our  bodies  generate  Vitamin  D.  
the  single  biggest  cause  of  disability  in  this  
B)  More  than  half  the  sunscreens  on  the  market  
country.  
make  questionable  product  claims  about  
B)  The  only  way  to  prevent  the  total  destruction   longevity,  water  resistance  and  UV  protection.  
of  mental  health  care  services,  and  to  improve  
C)  The  good  news  is  that  many  companies  are  
them  to  a  level  that  is  needed,  is  through  a  
now  introducing  safer  sunscreens  without  
massive  investment  programme  to  fully  fund  and  
chemical  additives.  
develop  services.    
D)  Yet  while  most  sunscreens  block  out  at  least  
C)  Moreover,  mental  health  still  receives  just  13  
some  UVB  radiation,  many  don’t  screen  UVA  rays  
percent  of  funding,  despite  accounting  for  more  
at  all,  making  their  use  risky.  
than  a  fifth,  23  percent,  of  the  UK’s  disease  
burden.   E)  However,  comprehensive  review  of  all  studies  
from  1966  to  2003  found  no  evidence  that  
D)  Even  so,  many  people  receive  sufficient  
sunscreen  increases  skin  cancer  risk.  
support,  and  those  who  do  so  in  the  form  of  
psychological  therapies  are  seen  immediately,    
without  waiting  for  long.  
 
E)  The  impact  of  the  lack  of  services  for  young  
people  is,  indeed,  insignificant,  with  10  percent  of    
all  mental  health  problems.    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

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75.  Social  withdrawal  is  a  common  side  effect  for   76.  -­‐  80.  sorularda,  cümleler  sırasıyla  
people  who  have  anxiety  problems.  Why  social   okunduğunda  parçanın  anlam  bütünlüğünü  
withdrawal  occurs  varies  from  person  to  person,   bozan  cümleyi  bulunuz.  
and  may  have  multiple  causes.  It  can  be  a    
symptom,  cause,  and  type  of  anxiety.  Some  
76.  (I)  The  inland  areas  of  Australia  are  less  fertile  
people  develop  social  withdrawal  because  of  
than  most  other  wheat  producing  countries  and  
their  anxiety  symptoms.  Others  develop  anxiety  
yields  per  acre  are  lower.  (II)  This  slowed  their  
because  they've  withdrawn  from  social  
development,  but  also  led  to  the  development  of  
situations.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  .    
several  labour  saving  devices.  (III)  In  1843  John  
A)  Reasons  to  avoid  public  panic  attacks  can  range   Ridley,  a  South  Australian  farmer,  invented  “the  
anywhere  from  pride  to  fear  to  self-­‐preservation.   stripper”,  a  basic  harvesting  machine.  (IV)  By  the  
1860s  its  use  was  widespread,  then  another  
B)  Pushing  your  child  to  join  may  lead  to  crying,   inventor  modified  the  machine  so  that  it  was  a  
humiliation,  and  resentment  towards  you.   complete  harvester:  cutting,  collecting  and  
C)  Thus,  re-­‐establishing  or  increasing  contact  can   sorting.  (V)  During  the  late  19th  century,  South  
help  then  feel  less  isolated,  and  can  be  good  for   Australian  wheat  yields  were  going  down.  
your  well-­‐being.   A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
D)  Moreover,  some  children  have  not  developed    
effective  conversational  skills  because  their  
parents  seldom  converse  with  them.    

E)  Still  others  experience  severe  anxiety  socially,   77.  (I)  Philosophy  is  the  kind  of  class  many  people  
causing  them  to  withdraw.   might  never  take  seriously.  (II)  However,  a  recent  
research  suggests  that  young  people  could  benefit  
  from  being  exposed  to  the  study  of  knowledge  
  and  existence  much  earlier.  (III)  In  the  study  
published  in  the  UK  last  year  it  was  found  that  
  primary  school  children  in  years  4  and  5  who  took  
  part  in  a  series  of  lessons  devoted  to  discussing  
philosophical  concepts  didn't  just  learn  about  
  reasoning  and  the  nature  of  reality.  (IV)  Their  trial  
involved  more  than  3,000  students  across  48  
 
primary  schools  in  the  UK  taking  weekly  lessons  in  
  what's  called  Philosophy  for  Children.  (V)  These  
classes  also  delivered  academic  advantages  in  
 
their  regular  school  curriculum  too.  
 
 
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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78.  (I)  Last  month,  a  drilling  platform  was   80.  (I)  The  connection  between  science  and  
intended  to  rise  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  but  it  was   philosophy  has  endured  for  thousands  of  years.  
called  off  due  only  to  its  not  aiming  for  oil.  (II)  At   (II)  The  Scientific  Revolution  began  with  a  spark  of  
the  end  of  next  month,  a  specially  equipped   inspiration  that  spread  a  wild  fire  of  ideas  through  
vessel  will  sail  from  the  Mexican  port  of  Progreso   Europe  and  America.  (III)  In  present-­‐day  
to  a  point  30  kilometres  offshore.  (III)  There,  in   conditions  it  has  not  only  been  preserved  but  is  
water  17  meters  deep,  the  boat  will  sink  three   also  growing  substantially  stronger.  (IV)  The  scale  
pylons  and  raise  itself  above  the  waves,  creating  a   of  the  scientific  work  and  the  social  significance  of  
stable  platform.  (IV)  By  1st  day  of  the  following   research  have  acquired  huge  proportions.  (V)  For  
month,  the  team  plans  to  start  drilling,  quickly   example,  philosophy  and  physics  were  at  first  
churning  through  500  meters  of  limestone  that   organically  interconnected,  particularly  in  the  
were  deposited  on  the  sea  floor  since  the  impact.   work  of  Galileo,  Descartes,  Kepler,  Newton,  and  
(V)  After  that,  the  drillers  will  extract  core   Einstein,  and  generally  in  the  work  of  all  scientists  
samples,  in  3-­‐meter-­‐long  increments,  as  they  go   with  a  broad  outlook.  
deeper,  working  day  and  night  in  an  attempt  to  go  
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
down  another  kilometre,  looking  for  changes  in  
rock  types,  cataloguing  microfossils,  and  collecting    
DNA  samples.    
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
 
 
79.  (I)  Digital  technology  has  certainly  had  a  
profound  effect  on  the  traditional  book  publishing    
and  retailing  industries.  (II)  But  has  it  also  given    
the  book  a  new  life?  (III)  At  one  point  it  looked  as  
if  the  rise  of  e-­‐books  at  knock-­‐down  prices  and  e-­‐  
readers  like  Amazon's  Kindle  and  Barnes  &    
Noble's  Nook  posed  an  existential  threat  to  book  
publishers  and  sellers.  (IV)  But  contrary  to    
expectations,  the  printed  book  is  still  surviving  
 
alongside  its  upstart  e-­‐book  cousin,  and  
technology  is  helping  publishers  and  retailers    
reach  new  audiences  and  find  new  ways  to  tell  
 
stories.  (V)  There  can  be  no  denying  that  printed  
book  sales  have  taken  a  massive  hit  with  the  rise    
of  digital.  
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEST  BİTTİ.    
 
CEVAPLARINIZI  KONTROL  EDİNİZ.  
 

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73.  In  the  period  surrounding  the  election  of   74.  The  Great  Depression  was  a  severe  
1994  people  on  all  sides  had  all  kinds  of   worldwide  economic  depression  in  the  decade  
expectations  about  the  future  in  a  New  South   preceding  World  War  II.  In  most  countries  it  
Africa.  For  example,  the  oppressed  people   started  in  about  1929  and  lasted  until  the  late  
dreamt  of  a  new  future  and  the  privileged  people   1930s  or  early  1940s.  It  was  the  longest,  most  
of  the  old  era  had  high  hopes  of  things  remaining   widespread,  and  deepest  depression  of  the  20th  
more  or  less  the  same.  In  many  respects  many   century.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  
people  still  have  better  standards.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  Similarly,  
A)  Likewise,  there  were  multiple  causes  for  the  
many  of  the  people  who  suffered  in  the  old  
first  downturn  in  1929.  
South  Africa  have  not  gained  as  much  as  they  
expected.   B)  That’s  why,  in  the  21st  century,  the  Great  
Depression  is  commonly  used  as  an  example  of  
A)  Many  of  the  unemployed  are,  hence,  still  
how  far  the  world's  economy  can  decline.  
unemployed  and  their  life  standards  are  rapidly  
declining.   C)  Then,  personal  income,  tax  revenue,  profits  and  
prices  increased,  just  as  international  trade  
B)  In  this  lose-­‐lose  situation  many  bitter  words  are  
boosted  by  more  than  50%.  
spoken  by  the  citizens.  
D)  Just  like  these  fields  of  economy,  its  effects  on  
C)  Leaders  from  all  sides  made  promises  that  they  
farming  and  rural  areas  was  unbearable.  
would  keep  to  the  letter.  
E)  Economic  historians,  nevertheless,  usually  
D)  Besides,  political  opponents  are  blamed  for  
attribute  the  start  of  the  Great  Depression  to  the  
what  went  wrong.  
sudden  devastating  collapse  of  US  stock  market.  
E)  But,  with  the  passing  of  time  many  of  the  
 
expectations  went  unfulfilled.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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75.  Structurally,  plant  and  animal  cells  are  very   76.  -­‐  80.  sorularda,  cümleler  sırasıyla  
similar  because  they  are  both  eukaryotic  cells.   okunduğunda  parçanın  anlam  bütünlüğünü  
They  both  contain  membrane-­‐bound  organelles   bozan  cümleyi  bulunuz  
such  as  the  nucleus,  mitochondria,  endoplasmic    
reticulum,  golgi  apparatus,  lysosomes,  and  
76.  (I)  Religion  refers  to  human  beings’  relation  to  
peroxisomes.  Both  also  contain  similar  
what  they  regard  as  holy,  sacred,  absolute,  
membranes,  cytosol,  and  cytoskeletal  elements.  
spiritual,  divine,  or  worthy  of  especial  reverence.  
-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  However,  the  few  differences  that  exist  
(II)  It  is  also  commonly  regarded  as  consisting  of  
between  plant  and  animals  are  very  significant  
the  way  people  deal  with  ultimate  concerns  about  
and  reflect  a  difference  in  the  functions  of  each  
their  lives  and  their  fate  after  death.  (III)  However,  
cell.  
scientists  have  discovered  that  religious  people  in  
A)  The  functions  of  these  are  extremely  similar   ancient  Egypt  demanded  they  were  given  
between  the  two  classes  of  cells.   mummified  animals  as  gifts.    (IV)  In  many  
traditions,  this  relation  and  these  concerns  are  
B)  Furthermore,  plant  cells  can  be  larger  than   expressed  in  terms  of  one’s  relationship  with  or  
animal  cells.   attitude  toward  gods  or  spirits.  (V)  Besides  this,  in  
C)  Another  structural  similarity  among  different   more  humanistic  or  naturalistic  forms  of  religion,  
plants  is  the  presence  of  a  rigid  cell  wall.   they  are  expressed  in  terms  of  one’s  relationship  
with  or  attitudes  toward  the  broader  human  
D)  Those  chloroplasts  carry  out  energy  conversion   community  or  the  natural  world.  
similar  to  those  performed  by  mitochondria  in  
animals.   A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  

E)  In  order  to  effectively  use  the  light,  it  must  be    
converted  within  the  cell.    
  77.  (I)  It  sounds  like  a  plot  straight  out  of  a  
  Hollywood  thriller  when  heard  that  cyber  
criminals  stole  $81  million  from  Bangladesh’s  
  central  bank  through  a  series  of  transfers  from  its  
  account  at  the  Federal  Reserve  Bank  of  New  York.  
(II)  Unfortunately,  it  is  a  real  life  cybercrime  of  
  theft,  and  as  details  of  it  unfolded,  two  things  
have  become  clear.  (III)  After  reports  of  the  stolen  
 
money  surfaced,  the  Bangladeshi  authorities  and  
  the  Fed  went  on  the  defensive.  (IV)  First,  a  
hacking  operation  of  this  immense  scale  shows  
 
that  cyber  criminals  are  more  audacious  and  
  meticulous  than  ever  before.  (V)  Second,  financial  
institutions  should  take  heed  of  this  event  to  
  address  the  weaknesses  that  exist  in  global  
  banking  channels.  

  A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  

   

   

   

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78.  (I)  It  has  been  an  interesting  few  years  for  the    
book  industry.  (II)  There  have  been  many  changes  
 
and  realignments,  and  these  changes  have  led  
many  to  predict  that  reading  is  dead  among  young    
people,  books  are  dead,  and  publishing  is  dead.  
(III)  But  the  good  news  is  that  there  isn’t  as  much    
bad  news  as  popularly  assumed.  (IV)  In  fact,    
almost  all  of  the  news  is  good,  and  most  of  it  is  
very  good  because  book  sales  are  up,  way  up,    
from  twenty  years  ago.  (V)  Young  adult  readership    
is  far  more  meagre  than  ever  before.  
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
79.  (I)  The  aim  of  the  study  was  to  investigate  the  
effect  of  daily  weather  changes  on  people’s  mood.    
(II)  Weather  is  widely  believed  to  influence  
 
people’s  mood.  (III)  For  example,  most  people  are  
of  the  opinion  that  they  feel  happier  on  days  with    
a  lot  of  sunshine  as  compared  to  dark  and  rainy  
 
days.  (IV)  Although  this  association  seems  to  be  
common  sense,  it  is  not  the  case.  (V)  Rather,    
many  studies  on  the  association  between  daily  
weather  and  mood  indicate  a  low  correlation    
between  them.    
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V    
   
80.  (I)  Facebook's  Mark  Zuckerberg  and  his  wife    
Priscilla  Chan  have  said  they  will  give  away  99%  of  
their  shares  in  the  company  to  good  causes  as    
they  announce  the  birth  of  their  daughter  Max.    
(II)  As  a  result  of  this,  the  shares  will  not  be  
donated  to  charity  immediately,  but  over  the    
course  time.  (III)  Mr  Zuckerberg  made  the  
 
announcement  in  a  letter  to  Max  on  his  Facebook  
page.  (IV)  He  has  expressed  they  are  donating    
their  fortune  to  the  Chan  Zuckerberg  Initiative  to  
TEST  BİTTİ.    
make  the  world  a  better  place  for  Max  to  grow  up  
in.  (V)  The  donation,  moreover,  amounts  to   CEVAPLARINIZI  KONTROL  EDİNİZ.  
roughly  $45bn  at  Facebook's  current  value.  
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 

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73.  One  of  the  most  famous  and  recognizable   74.  There  is  much  debate  about  the  value  of  a  
sites  in  the  world,  Stonehenge  draws  more  than   ‘total  body  scan’  of  a  person,  ranging  from  the  
800,000  tourists  a  year,  many  of  whom  also  visit   theoretical  increased  risk  of  cancer  due  to  
the  region’s  numerous  other  Neolithic  and   radiation  exposure  to  the  practical  problem  of  
Bronze  Age  marvels.  In  1986  Stonehenge  was   the  expense  of  performing  many  more  tests  and  
added  to  UNESCO’s  register  of  World  Heritage   examinations  if  some  abnormality  is  discovered.    
sites.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐.  Meanwhile,  archaeological  excavations   However,  these  arguments  miss  the  main  point  –  
and  development  of  the  surrounding  area  to   the  purpose  of  obtaining  a  scan  is  not  to  discover  
facilitate  tourism  have  turned  up  other   disease,  rather  it  is  best  employed  when  the  
significant  sites  nearby,  including  other  henges.     patient  is  younger  and  asymptomatic  in  order  to  
provide  a  baseline.    -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  .  
 
A)  This  is  such  a  daunting  project  that  it  is  only  in  
A)  Stonehenge  has  undergone  several  
its  initial  phases,  creating  a  holomer  of  a  heart,  
restorations  over  the  years,  and  some  of  its  
that  behaves  completely  like  a  natural  heart  
boulders  have  been  set  in  concrete  to  prevent  
collapse   B)  However,  is  such  a  scenario  pointing  to  a  future  
where  robots  replace  surgeons?  
B)  Archaeologists  believe  England’s  most  iconic  
prehistoric  ruin  was  built  in  several  stages,  with   C)  For  example  a  robot  is  not  a  machine,  it  is  an  
the  earliest  constructed  5,000  or  more  years  ago   information  system  with  arms  or  legs;  a  CT  
scanner  is  not  a  digital  imaging  system,  it  is  an  
C)  Radiocarbon  dating  suggests  that  work  
information  system  with  eyes,  and  so  on  
continued  at  Stonehenge  until  roughly  1600  B.C.  
D)  Thus  when  a  person  becomes  sick,  there  will  be  
D)  However,  as  early  as  the  1970s,  geologists  have  
an  available  dataset  of  their  normal  healthy  state  
been  adding  their  voices  to  the  debate  over  how  
for  comparison  
Stonehenge  came  into  being  
E)  Indeed,  training  in  surgical  skills  and  surgical  
E)  Moreover,  many  modern  historians  and  
certification  has  not  changed  much  in  centuries  
archaeologists  now  agree  that  several  distinct  
tribes  of  people  contributed  to  Stonehenge    

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

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75.  Children  are  not  immune  to  depression.  Just   76.  -­‐  80.  sorularda,  cümleler  sırasıyla  
like  for  adults,  treatment  can  be  critical.  Finding   okunduğunda  parçanın  anlam  bütünlüğünü  
help  for  a  depressed  child  may  forestall  years  of   bozan  cümleyi  bulunuz.  
anguish,  and  may  even  save  that  child's  life.  Yet    
ongoing  controversy  over  the  safety  of  
antidepressant  drugs  has  left  many  wondering   76.  (I)  In  the  course  of  a  business  day,  or  while  
what  really  helps  or  harms.  Few,  least  of  all   doing  company-­‐related  projects,  there  will  be  
parents,  think  childhood  is  a  state  of  constant   issues  that  arise.  (II)  A  multicultural  workforce  can  
bliss.  Children's  moods  are  like  tropical  seas:   offer  benefits  such  as  a  broader  range  of  
Tranquil  waters  can  suddenly  whip  into  a   perspectives  and  a  greater  ability  to  compete  in  
howling  storm,  returning  just  as  quickly  to   the  global  marketplace.  (III)    In  some  cases,  issues  
sunshine  and  fair  breezes.  -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐.  It's  as  real  and   can  be  avoided  or  dealt  with  efficiently  through  
serious  for  children  -­‐  even  very  young  children  -­‐ comprehensive  planning  prior  to  executing  a  
as  it  is  for  adults.     project.  (IV)  Other  situations  require  workplace  
  problem  solving  skills  from  management  and  staff  
in  order  to  avert  a  crisis.  (V)  Being  able  to  
A)  Depression  screening  improves  the  odds  of   recognize  examples  of  workplace  problem  solving  
accurately  identifying  adults  with  depression   will  help  you  to  better  prepare  to  deal  with  work-­‐
B)  Some  studies  have  demonstrated  a  strong   related  issues.  
relationship  between  vitamin  D  and  depression   A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
C)  Depression,  however,  should  not  be  confused    
with  normal  moodiness  
 
D)  In  addition,  this  research  provides  neurological  
evidence  for  what  researchers  have  been  starting   77.  (I)  Scientists  are  investigating  how  virtual  
to  suspect   reality  technology  can  be  used  to  give  soldiers  an  
edge  in  the  field.  (II)  The  research  shows  that  
E)  Therefore,  making  matters  worse,  people  who   virtual  reality  training  has  a  number  of  advantages  
struggle  with  depression  as  kids  may  feel  the   over  traditional  training  in  the  field.  (III)  Most  
impact  in  adulthood   important,  though,  has  been  the  continuing  drop  
  in  cost  of  virtual  reality  technology,  a  trend  largely  
driven  by  the  gaming  industry.  (IV)  Take,  for  
  example,  training  soldiers  driving  in  a  convoy  how  
  to  respond  to  an  ambush  or  an  improvised  
explosive  device  (IED)  attack,  as  troops  in  
  Afghanistan  have  experienced.  (V)    Indeed,  
research  published  in  2008,  looking  at  US,  
 
Canadian  and  British  forces,  showed  that  soldiers  
  appear  to  be  better  prepared  for  combat  when  
they  have  been  trained  in  a  virtual  reality  
 
environment  as  well  as  in  the  field.  
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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78.  (I)  We  have  come  to  think  that  if  something  is   80.  (I)  If  you  can’t  remember  the  last  time  you  
"in  our  genes",  it  is  our  inevitable  destiny,  but  this   jotted  down  a  hand-­‐written  note,  you  are  not  
is  a  gross  oversimplification.  (II)  We  have  each   alone.  (II)  For  a  study  suggests  that  the  days  of  
inherited  a  particular  set  of  genes,  but  the   using  pen  and  paper  may  be  numbered  –  with  a  
outcome  of  that  inheritance  is  not  fixed.  (III)  Our   typical  adult  not  having  written  anything  for  
environment,  diet  and  circumstance  flood  our   almost  six  weeks.  (III)  More  than  half  of  those  
bodies  with  molecules  that  switch  the  genes  on  or   polled  in  the  study  admitted  their  handwriting  
off.  (IV)  Moreover,  genes  can  have  a  major  effect   had  noticeably  increased.  (IV)  In  a  world  where  
in  many  diseases.  (V)  The  result  can  make  a  huge   we  increasingly  tap  out  our  thoughts,  messages  
difference  to  our  destiny  –  and  that  of  our   and  reminders  on  a  keyboard  or  a  touchscreen  
descendants.   phone,  the  traditional  note  or  letter  appears  to  be  
becoming  redundant.  (V)  The  startling  long-­‐term  
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
conclusion  is  that  future  generations  may  end  up  
  entirely  dependent  on  keyboards  to  
communicate.  
 
 
79.  (I)  When  many  people  decide  to  "get  fit,"  they  
assume  it  involves  rigorous  activity.  (II)  Getting    
outdoors  more  is  of  the  upmost  importance  for  
 
kids.  (III)  A  review  on  outdoor  play  published  in  
June  2015  found  that  more  outdoor  time  for   A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
children  is  related  to  higher  levels  of  physical  
 
activity  and  reduced  sedentary  time,  and  it  may  
also  have  benefits  on  measures  of  cardio-­‐  
respiratory  fitness.  (IV)  Another  study  presented  
at  the  European  Association  for  the  Study  of    
Diabetes  on  September  15,  2015  looked  at  data    
from  19,000  children.  (V)  They  found  significant  
associations  between  obesity  and  low  levels  of    
access  to  green  space,  as  well  as  not  having  a    
garden  
 
A)  I   B)  II   C)  III   D)  IV   E)  V  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEST  BİTTİ.    
 
CEVAPLARINIZI  KONTROL  EDİNİZ.  
 

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 ENGLISH EXAM CENTER 2018 İLKBAHAR YDS DENEME SINAVI

71. Bitcoin's most important characteristic is that it is 73. Victoria has become the first state in Australia to
decentralized, which means that no single institution legalise euthanasia. The state’s parliament passed the
controls the bitcoin network. Voluntary Assisted Dying Bill last week after more
than 100 hours of debate. From June 2019, terminally
A) The most crucial feature of bitcoin’s is that it is ill people in Victoria who are over the age of 18 will be
decentralized; that is, its network is not inspected by able to request a lethal drug to end their lives. ---- If
any single institution. someone’s request is approved, they will have to
B) Bitcoin’s has two important characteristics, one of administer the drug themselves, unless they are
which is its being decentralized and the other is that physically unable to do so.
no single entity can control it. A) Other states and territories in Australia will be
C) One of the most important properties of bitcoin’s is its watching Victoria closely.
being decentralized, in other words nobody or no B) An 18-month period will now kick off to work out the
foundation can control its network. details of implementing the legislation, including the
D) No single institution can control the bitcoin network, type of drug that will be prescribed.
and that’s why it is defined as “decentralized”. C) A medical assessment will be required to confirm that
E) Some economists are of the opinion that bitcoin’s they are expected to live for less than six months.
most significant aspect is its network is not allowed to D) Euthanasia or assisted suicide is already legal in
be controlled by any external institution. several places, including Germany and some US
states.
Ⓐ Ⓑ Ⓒ Ⓓ Ⓔ E) A similar bill failed to pass the New South Wales
parliament by a single vote last month.

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72-75: For these questions, choose the best option

to complete the missing part of the passage.
74. One never finishes learning about art. There are
72. Bacteria are extremely small living things. While we always new things to discover. ---- They seem to be as
measure our own sizes in inches or centimetres, inexhaustible and unpredictable as real human
bacterial size is measured in microns. One micron is a beings. It is an exciting world of its own with its own
thousandth of a millimetre, a pinhead is about a strange laws and its own adventures. Nobody should
millimetre across. Rod shaped bacteria are usually think he knows all about it, for nobody does. Nothing,
from two to four microns long, while rounded ones are perhaps, is more important than just this: that to enjoy
generally one micron in diameter. ---- An adult human these works we must have a fresh mind, one which is
magnified by the same amount would be over a mile ready to catch every hint and to respond to every
tall. hidden harmony: a mind, most of all that has not been
dulled by the terminology and ready-made phrases of
A) These types of bacteria are microscopic prokaryotes,
art appreciation.
that is, small single-celled organisms that lack a
nucleus. A) For instance, the enigmatic smile of Mona Lisa has
captured the imagination of the world.
B) Therefore, they lack many of the internal organelles
found in other cells, including chlorophyll and B) Artists are known to be better observers and exhibit
mitochondria. better memory than non-artists.
C) Unlike a rod shaped one, a rounded bacterium can C) Activities like painting, sculpting, drawing, and
thrive in diverse environments. photography are relaxing and rewarding hobbies that
can lower one’s stress levels.
D) Otherwise, several types of rounded bacteria would
become resistant to many types of antibiotics. D) Great works of art seem to look different each time
one stands before them.
E) Thus if you enlarged a rounded bacterium a thousand
times, it would be just about the size of a pinhead. E) Art influences society by changing opinions, instilling
values and translating experiences across space and
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time.

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 SUAT GÜRCAN - RIDVAN GÜRBÜZ - ERGUN KABAKÇI - UĞUR ALBAYRAK - AHMET TAŞPINAR

75. If a greater proportion of the food people eat were to 78. (I) Conflict is a natural part of our daily lives and cannot be
be locally produced, this would be of great benefit to avoided. (II) When employees are continually experiencing
the farmer. A mix of local, regional, national, and changes that they were not informed about, this can bring
international production would still be available; about conflict between employees and managers. (III)
indeed, the goal would not be to put an end to the When viewed in a positive light, conflicts allow us to
international trade in food, but to avoid transporting examine the status quo and engage in creative problem
food thousands of miles when it could instead be solving. (IV) We can use conflict situations to grow
produced next door. ---- Less money would go into the personally and to become more reflective. (V) In addition,
hands of corporate middlemen, and far more would conflict situations, creatively handled, allow us to effect
remain in the hands of farmers. personal, organizational and societal change.
A) Agriculture is responsible for about 10% of the total A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
emissions of greenhouse gases in Europe.
B) Such a shift would help revitalise rural economies Ⓐ Ⓑ Ⓒ Ⓓ Ⓔ
ruined by the global economy.
C) Pests that are targeted by these agricultural methods
can adapt to pesticides and herbicides.
D) Evidence also suggests that small genetic changes in
plants would produce even larger ecological shifts. 79. (I) Mars is similar to Earth in many ways, having many of
E) However, there is concern that inserting an exotic the same “systems” that characterize our home world. (II)
gene into a plant could cause it to produce toxins at Like Earth, Mars has an atmosphere, a hydrosphere, a
higher levels that could be dangerous to humans. cryosphere and a lithosphere. (III) In other words, Mars
has systems of air, water, ice, and geology that all interact
to produce the Martian environment. (IV) To find out, we
Ⓐ Ⓑ Ⓒ Ⓓ Ⓔ need to understand how geologic, climatic, and other
processes have worked to shape Mars and its
environment over time, as well as how they interact today.
(V) What we do not know yet is whether Mars ever
76-80: For these questions, choose the irrelevant developed or maintained a biosphere – an environment in
sentence in the passage. which life could thrive.
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76. (I) The consequences of modern water policies extend A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

beyond jeopardising human health. (II) Tens of millions of

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people have been forced to move from their homes – often
with little warning or compensation – to make way for the
reservoirs behind dams. (III) As a result, nearly one fifth of
all the electricity generated worldwide has been produced
by turbines spun by the power of falling water. (IV) In
addition, more than 20% of all freshwater fish species are
now threatened or endangered because dams and water
withdrawals have destroyed the free-flowing river
ecosystems where they thrive. (V) What is more, certain
irrigation practices degrade soil quality and reduce 80. (I) It may seem like some people are just gifted with
agricultural productivity. leadership skills, but the truth is most leadership traits can
be learned and sharpened with time and practice. (II)
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V According to sociologists, there are several different ways
in which a person may become recognized as the leader
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of a social group. (III) In the family, traditional cultural
patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents.
(IV) In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or
more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although
77. (I) It is only recently in the history of our species that people there is no formal process of selection. (V) In larger
have gathered in the densely populated and highly groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through
structured settlements we call cities. (II) The first cities were election or recruitment.
established about 5,000 years ago, but it has only been in
the last 200 years, with the advent and spread of A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
industrialization and with the global population rising at an
Ⓐ Ⓑ Ⓒ Ⓓ Ⓔ
exponential rate, that cities have grown significantly in size
and number. (III) At the start of the 20th century only about
one person in ten lived in a city, but since last year the
majority of people are urban dwellers. (IV) However, many
of those settling down in urban areas are migrant workers –
people moving from the country to cities to seek economic
empowerment. (V) It is estimated that by 2025 nearly two-
thirds of the world’s population will live in urban areas.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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