MODULE: 4

FIBER AND TEXTILE CRAFTS

Competencies:
At the end of the of module, the student should be able to,

1. identify the different types of fiber and textiles craft;

2. make a fundamental craft out fiber or textiles;
3. show creativity through an art work.
Introduction:

The word textile is from Latin texere which means "to weave", "to braid" or "to
construct". Textile arts and crafts use plant, animal, or synthetic fiber to construct
practical or decorative objects. The simplest textile art is felting, in which animal fibres
are matted together using heat and moisture. Most textile arts begin with twisting or
spinning and plying fibers to make yarn (called thread when it is very fine and rope
when it is very heavy). The yarn is then knotted, looped, braided, or woven to make
flexible fabric or cloth, and cloth can be used to make clothing and soft furnishings. All
of these items – felt, yarn, fabric, and finished objects – are collectively referred to as
textiles.

Fiber art refers to fine art whose material consists of natural or synthetic fiber
and other components, such as fabric or yarn. It focuses on the materials and on the
manual labor on the part of the artist as part of the works' significance, and prioritizes
aesthetic value over utility.
Contemporary fiber or textile artists use a wide range of processes, such as
weaving, needlework, papermaking, leatherworking and so forth. These can be done by
hand or aided by machines. They may also use many processes for preparing fibres or
finished textile, such as carding, spinning, dyeing, finishing and bleaching. Finally the
fibreworks or textiles may be painted, silk-screened, treated with photographic
chemicals, scorched or otherwise modified.

TYPES OF FIBER AND TEXTILES CRAFT

1. QUILTING AND QUILT ART-Quilting and quilt
art is the technique of using two layers of fabric,
usually with a soft material placed in between the
layers and then stitched together. Some quilts are
hung as art and some are used for more practical
reasons like keeping warm.

Watch the video on this link:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=utBTtRCnTQU

2. LACE-MAKING - Lacemaking is the art of

creating lace, which is a dainty fabric that is
usually made up of thread and yarn. It is
unknown as to the origins of lace making, but the
16th century was the start of an increase of the
appeal of lace and thus production grew. Lace is
a delicate fabric made of yarn or thread in an
open weblike pattern. Made by machine or by
hand. Generally, lace is divided into two main
categories, needlelace and bobbin lace.
 Watch the video on these links:
For needlelace: https://youtu.be/KXfR81nMlTU
For bobbin lace: https://youtu.be/isYHUM-JRLM

3. EMBROIDERY - Embroidery is the process of

creating designs upon a material like woven
fabric, paper, leather and more by using a
needle. This can be done by hand or by machine.
Sometimes other materials are combined like
beads and sequins.

Watch the video on this link: https://youtu.be/JGa4PoQB408

4. ROPE-MAKING - Rope-making is the craft

of combining many strands of a material to
form one stronger cord. The strands are
combined by braiding and/or twisting the
material together. Ancient Egyptians are
the oldest known civilization to use ropes.

Watch the video on this link: https://youtu.be/oRwxJt8SaxQ

5. CANVAS WORK - Canvas work is a

technique where counted-thread
embroidery is stitched onto a canvas or
some other type of sturdy material. The
most common type of canvas work is
needlepoint. Other types include petit
point and bargello.

6. MACRAMÉ (KNOTTING) Macramé is a

type of material produced when using the
knotting technique. This technique is
accomplished by knotting threads or cords
into a geometrical pattern. The word
“macramé” derives from a 13th-century
Arabic word “migramah” which means
“fringe”.

Watch this video on this link: https://youtu.be/eOczXVaVNtM

7. PARACORD- Paracord is a cord that is

made out of lightweight, nylon rope. It is
used for the suspension lines of
parachutes, hence the term,The most
famous use of the paracord was during
the 82nd Space Shuttle mission where
astronauts used it to repair the Hubble
Space Telescope.

Watch the video on this link:

https://youtu.be/LtlLPxSMfds
8. SPINNING- Spinning is the process of
combining fibers to make thread or yarn.
The thread or yarn is then used to create
textiles which is then used to make items
like clothing. The more popular
technique used for this is ring spinning.
Other methods include open-end
spinnings, break spinning and more.

Watch the video by this link: https://youtu.be/uslx0Mxn-E8

9. TATTING- Tatting is an ancient technique used

to create lace. This is accomplished by wrapping
thread around one or two shuttles into patterns
to create rings of designs. This process dates
back to the 17th century and is used to make
purses, shoes, jewelry, hats, and more.

Watch the video on this link:

https://youtu.be/BOWgKDzJwN

10. RUG MAKING- Rug making is the craft of

producing a thick fabric that covers part of
a floor, which is most known as a rug. There
are many types of rugs like braided,
prodded, woven, and more. It is believed that
the art of rug making has ex isted since 6500
BC.

Watch the video by this link:

https://youtu.be/dFkqnT8Czng

11. RUG HOOKING- Rug hooking is the process

of making a rug by using a technique of
pulling loops or fabric through a woven base.
This is done by using a crochet-type hooking
tool that pulls the fabric through the base
material. The oldest known hooked rugs are
said to be 19th century floor mats that were
created in Yorkshire, England.

Watch the video on this link:

https://youtu.be/8KhHd_7ww-I

12. WEAVING- Weaving is a technique used

to create fabric by interlacing long
threads. This is accomplished by
interlacing two sets of threads into a
right angle which ultimately forms a
square of textile. There are many types
of weave structures that can be
produced like plain, twill, satin, and
velvet.

Watch the video on this link: https://youtu.be/8IvwOQyiwQg

13. KNITTING- Knitting is the art of
creating a two-dimensional fabric by
interlocking loops of yarn. This can be
done by hand or machine. The two
most popular forms of knitting are
warp knitting and weft knitting. The
oldest knitted material was cotton
socks that were found in Egypt during
the first Millennium AD. Knitting is
one of the most common types of textile crafts.

Watch the video by this link: https://youtu.be/ebNPtVePrh0

14. CROCHET- Crochet is a patterned

fabric created by looping material with
a hooked needle. The most popular
material used to crochet is yarn. The
interlocking of the loops is done by
using a crochet hook. Actually, the
word “crochet” comes from the french
word “crochet” which means “small
hook”.

Watch the video on this link:

https://youtu.be/aAxGTnVNJiE

15. SHOEMAKING- Shoemaking is the

process of creating footwear like boots,
clogs, and sandals. Footwear is made
with materials like rubber, leather,
wood, and plastic. Traditionally,
shoemaking was done by solely by
hand but these days, most shoes are
mass produced in factories using
machines.

Watch the video on this link:

https://youtu.be/E-IcyDp3S1U

16. FELTING- Felting is the act of

creating felt fabric. Felt is a non-
woven textile that is made out of
material like fur, hair or wool that is
combined by using heat and great
pressure. Felt made out of wool is the
earliest known textile to man. There’s
a variety of methods to produce felt
like wet felting, needle felting and
carroting.

Watch the video on this link:

https://youtu.be/fU6tihDWHhQ
Enrichment Activities:
Module 4. Activity 1.
1. Take at least 10 pictures of fiber and textile crafts that you see in your locality.
Compile them in an e-portfolio.

Module 4. Task 1.
1. Make a fundamental craft design out of fibre or textile. Document your
performance and compile them in an e-portfolio.

2. Describe your experiences after doing the activity through a “hugot line.”

References:
https://youtu.be/eOczXVaVNtM
https://www.iloencyclopaedia.org/part-xvii-65263/entertainment-and-the-arts/item/728-fibre-and-
textile-crafts