CIVIC EDUCATION (GRADE 9)

SCHEME OF WORK & lesson note for

First TERM 2024/2025 SESSION

AUGUST 20, 2024

PRINCETON COLLEGE
9/33, OLATUNDE ONIMOLE STREET, SURULERE, LAGOS
 SCHEME OF WORK
WEEKS TOPIC SUB-TOPIC
1 The constitution (i)  Meaning and types of constitution
 Sources of constitution
2 Constitution (ii)  The colonial Nigeria constitution
 Features of Clifford constitution
of 1922
3 Features of colonial  The Richard constitution 1946
constitution  Features of the Richards
constitution
4 Colonial constitution (cont.)  Macpherson, Lyttleton and 1960
Independence constitution
5 Post 1960 constitution  Republican constitution
 Features of 1963 constitution
6 Post 1960 constitution:  Different presidential elections
Presidential Constitution.  Element of each of the constitution
1979,1987,1999 presidential
constitution
7 1960 constitution  Features of post-independence
constitution
 Comparison between the
constitution
 Elements of each of the post
independent Nigeria constitution
8 Supremacy of the  Meaning of supremacy of the
constitution constitution
 Why the constitution is supremacy
(reason)
9 Common Crime  Meaning of common crime
 Examples of common crime
 Meaning of Rape and Murder
10 Drug Abuse &  Meaning of drug abuse
Contaminated Food  Causes of drug abuse
 Consequences for drug abuse
 Meaning of contaminated food
 Difference between contaminated food
and drug abuse
11 Revision  Revision of terms question

12 Examination  CBT & Theory Questions

 REVISION OF THIRD TERM JSS2 EXAMINATION QUESTION

1a. What is Integrity?

Integrity is the quality of always behaving according to moral principles that enables the
people to respect and trust you. (3marks)

b. List three benefits of integrity.

a. It makes people to be honest in all spheres of life.

b. Integrity eradicates corruption in the society.
c. It brings about hard work, dedication and commitment to the society. (3marks)

c. Mention four attributes of a person of integrity.

i. Contentment: This simply means the state of being satisfied, and happy with one has
at any given period.
ii. Fair-play: Fair play simply means the quality of being just and honest in treating
people irrespective of whom they are.
iii. Truthfulness: This has to do with the ability of a person to be real, sincere about
something and in dealing with other member of the society.
iv. Honesty: Honesty means being truthful, sincere and straightforward in dealing with
people. It means radical rejection of temptation to steal, lie or deceive people in
anyway. (4marks)

2a. Who is an In-disciplined person?

It is the act of doing things that are not desirable in the society. Indiscipline is it opposite of
discipline and could result into punishment. (2marks)

b. List and explain four types of discipline you know

i. Self-discipline: This is the attribute of having control of one’s behavior and emotions
irrespective of circumstances.
ii. Academic discipline: This type of discipline is centered of determination and focus
on achieving academic excellence
iii. Professional discipline: This is adhering to the standard and principles of work
ethics in an environment e.g. attending to all clients and official duties in the office.
iv. Mental discipline: Mental discipline is the ability of an individual to control his
thoughts
 v. Spiritual discipline: Focuses on personal faith and beliefs. This is the development
and growth of one’s spiritual life. For example, praying regularly or engaging in other
spiritual rituals. (8marks)

3a. What is a Federal State?

Federal state is one in which there is constitutional division of powers between the central
government and other component units forming a union. It is also a system of government
whereby the central government and the component governments administer over the state
of affairs (i.e. governance) of a particular country (3marks)

b. Using a HB pencil Draw the Nigerian Map Indicating the six geopolitical zones.

(4marks)

c. List three features of federation.

i. Division of powers

ii. Supremacy of the constitution

iii. Written and rigid constitution (3marks)

4a. What are the needs of federation, mention four of them?

a. National Integration: This means to bring and rule as one and not as separate entity.
b. Unity in Diversity: Federation is a necessity in Nigeria due to the multi ethnicity
structure of the country as this system of government helps to unite everybody as part of
the government.
c. Geographical Size: For easy administration there is the need for a federation so that the
activities of the state and local governments can be monitored to ensure that people at
the grassroots are well cared for.
d. Economic Factor: The need to pull resources together to form a stronger economy
necessitated for need to adopt federal structure in Nigeria. (4marks)

b. List and explain the three constitutional lists in which powers are shared in a
federation
i. Exclusive List: Under this list, only the federal government can legislate on items on
the exclusive list. These include defense currency, foreign affairs, customs etc.
ii. Concurrent List: This spells out the area where the powers are jointly shared by the
federal and state government. This list includes education, health, agriculture etc.
iii. Residual List: This shows items on which only state government can legislate. This list
includes minor roads, market etc. (6marks)

5a. Define Courage according to Nelson Mandela.

According to Nelson Mandela courage is not the absence of fear but the ability to triumph
over it. (2marks)

b. Highlight Four attributes of a courageous person.

i. Commitment: They work hard without complaining

ii. Endurance: They do not give up easily until they have satisfactorily completed their task

iii. Confidence: They believe in success and have the faith that they would succeed

iv. Diligence: They work carefully to achieve set task (4marks)

c. Use a clear example to differentiate between Courage and Contentment.
Courage is being brave and facing once challenges at all times, while contentment is
satisfaction with one’s presence status. A person could be brave but lack contentment, while
contentment comes with strong discipline of courage. (4marks)

6a. List five leaders of Integrity you know.

a. Goodluck Ebele Jonathan

b. Ngozi Oknjo iweala
c. Sanusi Lamido
d. Alhaji Lateef Jakande
e. Peter Obi
f. Pastor E.A Adeboye
g. Babatunde Raji Fashola (5marks)

b. Mention three countries that enjoy federal system of government.

i. Nigeria
ii. United States of America
iii. Canada (3marks)

c. Define Probity
This means being completely honest in all human endeavors or relationships with
people. It has to do with being transparent in public office or affairs especially as regards
public money, property, information entrusted by the people (2marks)
Week: One
Period: 1
Duration: 40 Minutes
Topic: Meaning of Constitution

Reference Texts:
 Civics And Security Education for Junior Secondary Schools 3 (Oludare A. &
Obiora Nwachukwu)
 The Nigerian 1999 Constitution
 Civic Education textbook (African Resource Civic and Security Education Junior
Secondary School 2)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAK4wH3-wbA

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 define constitution.
 state the sources of constitution.
 mention the types of constitution.

Teaching Methodology: Discussion method

 The teacher uses imageries of Bible and Quran to explain the meaning and reasons
for a constitution in a country.
 The teacher allows the student to discuss benefits of student handbook in the
school.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and power point
presentation

CONTENT

Constitution is defined as a body of fundamental principles, rules, or regulations

according to which a state or country is governed. This body of rules is agreed upon
by the people in a state and serves as a guide for the government as the latter must
rule in the accordance with the constitution.

THE SOURCES OF NIGERIAN CONSTITUTION

 Acts of parliaments: These are the laws made by the legislative arm of
governments like the national assembly or state house of assembly and can
become part of the constitution.
 Past constitution: Some past constitution and constitution of other
countries most often form the basis of any new constitution, For example
the American constitution provides Nigeria a model for the 1979
constitution.
  Constitutional conferences: Most times, some countries organize
conference where constitutional issues are discussed and constitution
drafted.
 International document: The provision of important documents like the
fundamental human rights embodied in the UDHR articulated by United
Nations in 1948 reflected in the chapter 4 of 1999 constitution.
 Past experiences: The historical, political, social and religious experience
of a people is considered while preparing the basic rule/law that governs
them as a group.
 Customs and tradition: These are the norms, social values, beliefs, ideals,
and institution of the people and these are important in the formulation of
the constitution.
 Judicial precedent: These are past judgments handed down in the law
courts on important constitutional matters and they often form the basis for
a new constitution.

EVALUATION

CLASSWORK

1. Answer revision exercise 1-10 (pages 10-11) of Civics & Security Education text for
junior secondary Book 3.
2. List the five sources of constitution you have learnt.
Period: 2

Duration: 40 Minutes

Topic: Forms of Constitution

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 list and explain the various forms of constitution.

 discuss the aspects of a constitution.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and power point
presentation

There are various forms of constitution namely:

 Federal Constitution: refers to one in which governmental powers that

exist in the country are shared between the central government and its
component which in Nigeria are called state and local government.
 Con-federal constitution: This constitution makes the component states
very powerful, while the central government becomes weak. Con-federal
constitution is always operated by an association of independent and
sovereign with a weak central government. The constitution only
empowers the central government to control in the areas of defense,
currency and foreign affairs.
 Unitary constitution: refers to the constitution that concentrates on
governmental powers and authority in a single central government and
legislature. In a unitary state any local or regional government that exist
derive its power from the central government.
 Written constitution: is one in which the body of rules guiding the
operation of a country is documented in a single volume.
 Unwritten constitution: refers to that type of constitution where all the
rules governing the operation of a country cannot be found in a single
document.
 Rigid Constitution: refers to that type of constitution which is difficult
to amend or change.
 Flexible Constitution: This kind of constitution is easily amended or
changed.

THE ASPECTS OF CONSTITUTION

The following are the aspects of constitution:

 a. Oath of Allegiance
b. How powers are distributed
c. Amendment Procedure
d. Structure of Government
e. Citizenship and Rights of Citizens
f. The preamble and national objectives

HOME WORK

1. Answer question 1-10 (pages1-5) of your Civic and Security Education work Book
3.
2. Enumerate five advantages of a written constitution.
Week: Two
Period: 1
Duration: 40 Minutes
Topic: The Colonial Nigerian Constitution (Clifford Constitution 1922)

Reference Texts:
 The Nigerian 1999 Constitution
 Civics And Security Education for Junior Secondary Schools 3(Oludare A. &
Obiora Nwachukwu)
 Civic Education textbook (African Resource Civic and Security Education
Junior Secondary School 2)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAK4wH3-wbA

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 identify Sir Hugh Clifford.

 explain the Clifford constitution of 1922.

Teaching Methodology: Discussion method

 The teacher allows the student to discuss meaning of a constitution using

previous knowledge of lesson.
 The teacher shows images of colonial leaders and ask students to identify
Sir Hugh Clifford.
 The teacher discusses the features of 1922 constitution using power point
slide.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

CONTENT

Pre-independence constitutions mean the various constitutions made by thecolonial

governments before Nigeria became an independent nation in 1960. They are:

 The Clifford constitution of 1922

 The Richard constitution of 1946
 The Macpherson constitution of 1951
 The Lyttleton constitution of 1954
 CLIFFORD CONSTITUTION OF 1922

Sir HUGH CLIFFORD

The Clifford Constitution of 1922 disposed the Nigerian Council of Lord

Lugar (1914) and set up a new legislative council for the Southern
Protectorate. The membership of the Clifford legislative council was 46.
Twenty- seven out of the 46 members were officials while 19 were unofficial
members. Ten out of the 19 unofficial members were Nigerians and out of
the 10 unofficial Nigerians, 4 were elected, 3 from Lagos and 1 from
Calabar. The remaining six were appointed by the governor. The Northern
protectorate was excluded from the council. The governor continued to
govern the North by proclamation. The Clifford constitution of
1922 established the elective principle for the first time in Nigeria. However,
the elective principle was limited to male adults that have resided in Nigeria
for over 12 months and have gross annual income of 100 pounds.

The Clifford constitution of 1922 also gave way to the establishment

of political parties in Nigeria and also gave room for more participation and
representation in the government than the 1914 constitution.

HOMEWORK

1. Read pages 5-6 of your Civics text book and discuss four merits of the
Clifford constitution of 1922.

…the spirit of achievement

2. Discuss two reasons the Clifford Constitution was not effective in Colonial
Nigeria.

…the spirit of achievement

Period: 2

Duration: 40 Minutes

Topic: Features of the 1922 Constitution

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 list and discuss the main features of the 1922 constitution

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

THE FEATURES OF THE CLIFFORD CONSTITUTION OF 1922

 There was no member of the executive council from Nigeria.
 All colonial governors were to report to the Secretary of State for colonies
who was a cabinet minister in Britain.
 Only four of the legislative council was directly elected, three for Lagos and
one for Calabar.
 The new legislative councils were for the southern provinces, including the
colony of Lagos.
 The North was ruled by proclamation coming from the governor.
 All executive members were British.
 All colonial governors were to report to the Secretary of State for
colonieswho was a cabinet minister in Britain.
 Formation of political parties e.g. Nigerian National Democratic
Party(NNDP) of Herbert Macaulay.
 It embraced Cameroon as a part of Nigeria.

EVALUATION

CLASSWORK
…the spirit of achievement
Instruction: Each question is followed by four options lettered A-D. Choose
the correct option for each question.

1. The first written down constitution in Nigeria is__________ (a) 1999 constitution
(b) Clifford constitution 1922 (c) Richard constitution 1946 (d) Macpherson
constitution 1951

2. NNDP stands for__________ (a) Nigerian National Democratic Party (b)

National Nigeria Democratic Party (c) New Nigerian Democratic Party (d)
National New Democratic Party

3. All the following are the achievements of the Clifford constitution of 1922
Except______ (a) establishment of the first political party (b) sectionalism (c)
The constitution introduced regionalism (d) establishment of the first news paper

4. The 1922 Constitution was introduced by _________ (a) Sir Fredrick Lugard (b)
Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe (c) Sir. Arthur Richard (d) Hugh Clifford

5. A constitution that is rigid means that_________ (a) the constitution is difficult

to amend (b) a constitution is unwritten (b) constitution is sectional (d) all of the
above

6. NNDP was established by_________ (a) Sir. Herbert Macaulay (b) Sir Hugh
Clifford (c) Taiwo Akinkunmi (d) Sir. Arthur Richard

7. All the following are sources of constitution Except _________ (a) Act of
Parliament (b) Past Constitutions (c) Conventions (d) Decree

8. The Clifford constitution introduced all the following Except________ (a)

The Nigerian police (b) Elective principles (c) Political Parties (d)
legislative representatives

9. The body of agree rules and regulation guiding the affairs and conducts of people
in a particular state is known as_______ (a) Law (b) Constitution (c)
Convention (d) Rule of law

…the spirit of achievement

10. Nigeria practices a written constitution this statement is__________ (a)
True (b) false (c) cannot say (d) none of the above

…the spirit of achievement

Week: Three
Period: 1
Duration: 40 Minutes
Topic: The Colonial Nigerian Constitution (Richard constitution 1946)

Reference Texts:
 The Nigerian 1999 Constitution
 Civics And Security Education for Junior Secondary Schools 3(Oludare A. &
Obiora Nwachukwu)
 Civic Education textbook (African Resource Civic and Security Education
Junior Secondary School 2)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAK4wH3-wbA

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 identify Sir Arthur Richard.

 explain the Richards Constitution of 1946.
 mention the features of the 1946 constitution.

Teaching Methodology: Interactive Method

 The teacher allows students to discuss some of their knowledge and

experiences of Richard constitution 1946.
 The teacher uses imageries on the power point slide to explain the 1946
constitution.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

CONTENT
RICHARD’S CONSTITUTION OF 1946

…the spirit of achievement

Sir Arthur Richards became the governor of Nigeria in 1943 with the mission of
introducing constitutional changes. He came to the country amidst gross dies-
satisfaction of Nigerians with the 1922 constitution and impressed nationalist
agitations accessioned by the Second World War, besides the Northern Province
have begun agitation for separate existence. Thus, Richards’s mission promised to
be enormous.

However, the ground work for the 1946 constitution was prepared by Sir Bernard
Bourdillon when he became the governor of Nigeria in 1935.having studied the
political situation in the country; Bourdillon came to the conclusion that the
immediate problems to be addressed in constitutional changes were how to promote
the unity of the country. To Richards, there were two main problems to be addressed
by the new constitution, one to find some system of representative government in
which the north would participate and how to create political arrangement that
would give a voice to native authorities since there were no political parties to speak
for the north except the native authorities. The above proposals with some
amendments were embodied in what was known as the Richards constitution of
1946.
THE FEATURES OF THE RICHARD CONSTITUTION OF 1946

 The Richards constitution of 1946 brought regionalism to Nigeria- Eastern,

Western and Northern regions.
 Bi-cameral legislature: The constitution granted the Northern region a bi-
cameral legislature and unicameral legislature in the western and southern
regions
 It replaced regional governors with chief commissioners.
 Apart from the Governor, there were forty-four members. The 28 unofficial
…the spirit of achievement
 members formed the majority in the Legislative Council.
 Only four of the unofficial members were directly elected, three from Lagos
and one from Calabar.

HOMEWORK

1. List five merits and demerits of the Richards constitution of 1946.

2. Differentiate between the 1922 constitution and the 1946 constitution.

Period: 2

Duration: 40 Minutes

Topic: Evaluation on Richards constitution of 1946

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 enumerate the achievements of the Richard constitution of 1946

EVALUATION

CLASSWORK

1. Highlight five of the features of the Richards Constitution from your Civic
Education text book.

2. Enumerate the achievements of the 1946 constitution.

…the spirit of achievement

Week: Four
Period: 1
Duration: 40 Minutes
Topic: The Colonial Nigerian Constitution (Macpherson Constitution 1951
and Lyttleton Constitution of 1954)

Reference Texts:
 The Nigerian 1999 Constitution
 Civics And Security Education for Junior Secondary Schools 3(Oludare
A. & Obiora Nwachukwu)
 Civic Education textbook (African Resource Civic and Security Education
Junior Secondary School 2)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAK4wH3-wbA
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UI7LTT4udH0

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 identify John Macpherson.

 explain the Macphersons constitution of 1951.
 identify Oliver Lyttleton
 explain the main features of the 1954 constitution.
 discuss the independence constitution of 1960.

…the spirit of achievement

Teaching Methodology: Discussion method

 The teacher discusses the reasons for establishment of 1951 constitution.

 The teacher allows the student to discuss some merits of the 1951
constitution.
 The teacher discusses from civic text book the difference between 1951
constitution and the 1954 constitution.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

CONTENT
MACPHERSON CONSTITUTION OF 1951
The failures of Richards’s constitution gave lots of concerns to the effectiveness of
colonial administration. The impact of the Second World War (1939-45), also played a
huge impact. The 1951 Macpherson constitution created platforms for wider consultation
in the locals of Nigeria.

Sir JOHN STUART MACPHERSON

Richard’s constitution was severally criticized by the nationalist, because it was

imposed on Nigerians without any prior consultation. In order to express the
criticism, the nationalist of the Herbert Macaulay and Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe toured
important towns in the country, educating people on the political issues at stake and
collecting donations to send protest delegation to London. It was partly because of
…the spirit of achievement
this protest that the Richard’s constitution which originallywas intended to last
nine years was replaced in 1951 by Macpherson’s constitution…Sir John
Macpherson was sensitive to criticisms that theRichard’s constitution was had not
been based on prior consultation with the Nigerians. He therefore allowed three
years from 1948 to 1951, for public opinion on his proposal to be expressed at
district provincial and regional levels. After the operation of Richard constitution,
Macpherson constitution was introduced in 1951

FEATURES OF MACPHERSON CONSTITUTION OF 1951

 Central Legislative Council: the Macpherson constitution madeprovision a

central Legislative council also called House of Representatives. The
Legislative council consisted of 148 members of whom 136 were elected from
the Regional Houses. 6 members were appointed by the Governor and 6 also
were ex-official members.
 Central Executive Council– This was called the ‘Council of Ministers’, and
was made up of 12 Nigerian ministers, 6 ex-official members and the President
(Governor).
 The country was divided into three unequal regions- Northern Region, Western
Region and Eastern Region
 Regional Executive Councils the Macpherson constitution of 1951 provided
Executive councils for the Regions. The Executive councils were headed by
Lieutenant-Governors. The members (5 official and 9 ministers of whom 4
were Nigerians) were all appointed by the Lieutenant-Governors.
 Regional Legislative Councils– The constitution created a Legislative council
for the three regions. The Legislative council was called “Houses of
Assembly”. A bicameral legislature (“House of Assembly” and “House of
Chiefs”) existed in the Northern Region while the Eastern and WesternRegions
had a unicameral legislature (“House of Assembly)
 The constitution created the position of a Governor.
 Only male tax payers voted in the north while both males and females
voted in the east and west.
 Creation of a public service commission for recruiting, dismissing and
promoting civil and public servants.
 Election is direct and indirect

…the spirit of achievement

 LYTTLETON CONSTITUTION

OLIVER LYTTLETON

What we know as Lyttleton constitution was actually the policy outcome of

1953 and 1954 conference and also the circumstance that led to the collapse of the
1951 constitution. The constitution was name after Oliver Lyttleton because he was
the brain behind the emergence of the constitution. The constitution retained the
framework of the 1951 constitution but modified some aspect of it in keeping with
the Nigerian political reality.

THE FEATURES OF LYTTLETON CONSTITUTION

 It gave Nigeria a true federalism.

 In line with the federal structure, powers are shared between the federal and
regional government inform of the legislative list.
 It set up a new and enlarged house of representative made up of
( 184)
 It also set up a council of members comprising ten (10) ministers.
 It made provision for the post of a speaker for regional houses andpresident
for central legislature.
 It marked the beginning of direct election into both central and regional
legislature in Nigeria.
 It changed the title of the governor and lieutenant, governors to governor
…the spirit of achievement
 general and governors respectively.
 It made Lagos a federal territory forming no part of any region.

HOMEWORK

1. List the merits of the Independence constitution of 1960.

2. Using your civic text book differentiate between the Macpherson and Lyttleton
constitution.

Period: 2

Duration: 40 Minutes

Topic: Independent Constitution of 1960

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 list the features of the independence constitution of 1960.

 explain the features of the independence constitution 1960.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

Nigeria's first constitution as a sovereign state was enacted by a British order in

council so as to come into force immediately upon independence, on 1 October
1960. Under this constitution Nigeria retained Queen Elizabeth II as titular head of
state. The independence constitution was the product of the 1957 and 1958
constitutional conference. In short, the 1960 constitution could be said to be the
1954 constitution rewritten in line with the decision of the 1957 and 1958
conference and the independence status of the country.

FEATURES OF THE INDEPENDENCE CONSTITUTION

 It was a federal constitution which recognized the existence of two levelof

…the spirit of achievement

 government i.e. federal and regional.
 It gave Nigeria a parliamentary system of government.
 It gave the country a bicameral legislature constituting of the queen of
England and two chambers.
 The queen of England was the constitutional head of state of Nigeriawhile
the governor-general was the ceremonial head of state.
 Fundamental human rights were entrenched in the constitution.
 The constitution was a rigid constitution.
 It provided for the independence of the judiciary, judges of the supremeand
high courts were appointed.

EVALUATION

CLASSWORK

Instruction: Each question is followed by four options lettered A-D. Choose

the correct option for each question.

1. The Macpherson constitution was established in the year_______ (a) 1911 (b)
1946 (c) 1951 (d) 1954
2. The constitution that created the public service commission for recruiting,
dismissing andpromoting civil servants in Nigeria was the _________ (a)
Clifford constitution (b) Macpherson constitution (c) Richard constitution (d)
Lyttleton constitution.
3. Which constitution was regarded as a homemade constitution? (a) Macpherson
constitution (b) Lyttleton constitution (c) Richard’s constitution (d) Clifford
constitution
4. ____________ Constitution introduced true federalism in Nigeria? (a) Lyttleton (b)
Richard (c) Macpherson (d) Independence

…the spirit of achievement

5. All the following are features of the Independence constitution except______ (a)
created a parliamentary system of government (b) It made Lagos a federal territory
forming no part of any region (c) provided independence to the judiciary (d) The
queen of England was the constitutional head of state of Nigeria
6. The body of agree rules and regulation guiding the affairs and conducts of people
in a particular state is known as_______ (a) Law (b) Constitution (c)
Convention (d) Rule of law
7. All the following are sources of constitution Except _________ (a)
Act of Parliament (b) Past Constitutions (c) Conventions (d) Decree
8. The name Nigeria was given by_________ (a) Sir Lord Lugard (b) Mary Slessor
(c) Queen of England (d) Flora Shaw
9. The colonial Governors became known as Governor-Generals from ________ (a)
1960 (b) 1900 (c) 1954 (d) 1914
10. The current Nigeria constitution is the___________ constitution. (a) 1979 (b)
1989 (c) 1999 (d) 2009.

…the spirit of achievement

Week: Five
Period: 1
Duration: 40 Minutes
Topic: Post-Independence Constitution

Reference Texts:
 The Nigerian 1999 Constitution
 Civics And Security Education for Junior Secondary Schools 3
(Oludare A. & Obiora Nwachukwu)
 Civic Education textbook (African Resource Civic and Security Education
Junior Secondary School 2)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zoFmJdE22k
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULYVvR2sh9M

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 state four features of the republican constitution of 1963.

 highlight four features of presidential constitution of 1979.

Teaching Methodology: Discussion method

 The teacher discusses the reasons for establishment of 1963 constitution.

…the spirit of achievement

  The teacher allows the student to discuss some merits of the 1979
constitution.
 The teacher discusses from civic text book the difference between 1963
constitution and the 1979 constitution.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

CONTENT

POST-1960 CONSTITUTION

These are constitutions made by Nigerian government after the independence to suit
their administration and to address their political, cultural, economic and religious
challenges.

THE REPUBLICAN CONSTITUTION- 1963

The idea of the federation of Nigeria becoming a federal republic was a result of the
constitutional conference held in Lagos on 25th and 26thjuly 1963 in which the
Nigeria political leaders agreed that Nigeria should become a federal republic on 1st
October 1963. The republican constitution was passed into law by the federal
parliament on September 19, 1963 and came into force on 1st October, 1963.

FEATURES OF THE REPUBLICAN CONSTITUTION

 It emphasized principles of fundamental human rights.

 Nigeria became a sovereign state.
 The head of state was no longer the queen of Britain, represented by the
governor general but a president.
 It retained the parliamentary system of government
 The prime minister was the head of government.
 It abolished the judicial service commission
…the spirit of achievement
  Supreme Court was made the highest court of appeal.

EVALUATION

CLASS WORK

1. List five features of 1999 presidential system of government.

2. List five features of 1989 presidential system of government.

Period: 2

Duration: 40 Minutes

Topic: The Presidential Constitution of 1979

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 discuss the origin of the presidential constitution of 1979.

 explain the main features of the presidential constitution of 1979.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

THE PRESIDENTIAL CONSTITUTION OF 1979

The 1979 constitution, which brought in the Second Republic, abandoned the
Westminster system in favor of an American style presidential system. This was
aimed at handing over power to a democratic government. RetiredGeneral Olusegun
Obasanjo, the then military head of state, constituted a 49-member committee in
September 1975 to amend the constitution. This committee was headed by late
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retired Justice F.R.A Williams. After a long process, it was promulgated as a decree
by Supreme Military Council on last October 1979

THE FEATURES OF 1979 PRESIDENTIAL CONSTITUTION

 It provided for the office of the executive president who was the head ofstate
and commander-in-chief of the Nigerian armed forces.
 The president has maximum of two terms of four years each.
 It provided for the office of the vice president.
 It maintained bi-cameral legislature at the center and unicameral at thestate
level.
 There was clear separation of powers.
 The president and governors can be removed from office throughimpeachment
by the legislative houses.
 The constitution allows for formation of many political parties.

HOMEWORK
1. Define presidential system of government.
2. Answer the exercise questions 1-10 (Pages 16- 17) of your Civic and
Security Education Text Book 3.

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Week: Six
Period: 1
Duration: 40 minutes
Topic: Post-Independence Constitution (1989 and 1999 presidential constitution)

Reference Texts:
 The Nigerian 1999 Constitution
 Civics And Security Education for Junior Secondary Schools 3 by (Oludare A.
& Obiora Nwachukwu)
 Civic Education textbook (African Resource Civic and Security Education
Junior Secondary School 2)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zoFmJdE22k
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULYVvR2sh9M

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 highlight four features of presidential constitution of 1989

 list four features of 1999 presidential election

Teaching Methodology: Group Method

 The teacher groups student into four groups.

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  The students discuss amongst the groups on the features of 1989 and 1999
constitution.
 The teacher allows each group to make a five minutes presentation on
1989 and 1999 constitution.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

CONTENT

THE PRESIDENTIAL CONSTITUTION OF 1989

The constitution marked the beginning of the Third republic in Nigeria. The constitution
was intended to see the return of democratic rule to Nigeria that is transition from military
to civil rule but was never fully implemented and the military resumed power until 1999

FEATURES OF 1989 PRESIDENTIAL CONSTITUTION

 It retained presidential system of government.

 It introduced two-party system.
 Legislative houses were to be on part time.
 The minimum qualification for major political offices was school-
certificate.
 Fundamental human rights were entrenched.
 Citizenship by birth registration and naturalization was well defined.

HOMEWORK
1. Define presidential system of government.
2. Answer revision exercise question 1-10 in your Civic Education text book
page 16.

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Period: 2

Duration: 40 Minutes

Topic: The 1999 Presidential Constitution

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to

 explain the main features of the Nigerian presidential constitution of 1999.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

THE 1999 PRESIDENTIAL CONSTITUTION

This was a reversal version of 1979 and 1989 constitutions to suit the Fourth Republic.
The 1999 constitution restored democratic rule to Nigeria, and remains in force today. In
January 2011, two amendments of the 1999 constitution were signed by President
Goodluck Jonathan, the first modification since the document came into use in1999.

THE FEATURES OF 1999PRESIDENTIAL CONSTITUTION

 It supports the presidential system of government.
 It allows for the practice of multiparty system in Nigeria.

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  It encourages respect for fundamental human rights.
 It stipulates that a person contesting for the post of president of
Nigeria must be 40 years of age or above.
 It embraces the principle of federal character in the
appointment ofoffice holders at the national levels.

EVALUATION

CLASSWORK

1. List five features of 1999 presidential system of government.

2. List five features of 1989 presidential system of government.

Week: Seven
Period: 1
Duration: 40 Minutes
Topic: History of Nigerian Presidents from 1960 Till Date

Reference Texts:
 Civics And Security Education for Junior Secondary Schools 3 by
(Oludare A. & Obiora Nwachukwu)
 Civic Education textbook (African Resource Civic and Security Education
Junior Secondary School 2)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zoFmJdE22k
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULYVvR2sh9M

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 mention all the Nigerian heads of state

 differentiate military rule and civilian rule
 list four military and civilian heads of state

Teaching Methodology: Interactive method

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  The teacher allows the students to list the heads of states they know in
Nigeria.
 The teacher allows the students to identify pictures of past heads of state
displayed on the board.
 The teacher tells the students the history of Nigerian Heads of state.

Teaching Aids: A chart showing all Nigerian heads of states, video, power point
slides.

CONTENT

On October 1, 1960, Nigeria gained independence from Britain. An all-

Nigerian Executive Council was headed by Prime Minister, Alhaji Sir
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa.

 On November 16, 1960, Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe became the first Governor-

General of Federation of three Regions of North, East and West, with Lagos
as the Federal capital.
 In July 1966, a group of army officers, led by Major Chukwuma Nzeogwu,
overthrew the central and regional governments, killed the prime minister, and
tried to take control of the government in a failed coup d'état. Nzeogwu was
countered, captured and imprisoned by General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi.
General Aguiyi-Ironsi was namedMilitary Head of State
 In July 1966, a group of northern army officers revolted against the
government, killed General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, and appointed the army
chief of staff, General Yakubu Gowon as the head of the new military
government.
 In 1975, General Yakubu Gowon was deposed and General Murtala
Mohammed was the Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria until
his assassination in 1976.
 In 1976, General Olusegun Obasanjo was made head of state in a meeting of
the Supreme Military Council, keeping the chain of command established by
Murtala Muhammed in place.
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 In 1979, Nigeria adopted a federal presidential constitution, with provision for
an executive President as head of government, anda National Assembly,
comprising a Senate and House of Representatives.
 In October 1979, after more than 13 years of military rule, Nigeria returned to
democratic rule. The National Party of Nigeria emerged victorious in the
presidential election and Alhaji Shehu Shagari was elected President.
 On December 31, 1983, the military overthrew the Second Republic. Major
General Muhammadu Buhari emerged as the Chairman of the Supreme Military
Council (SMC), the new Head of State.
 In August 1985, General Buhari's government was peacefully overthrown by
Army Chief of Staff, Major General Ibrahim Babangida. Babangida became the
President and Chairman of the Armed Forces Ruling Council.
 In August 1993, General Babangida stepped down and chose an interim
government to replace him. Ernest Shonekan was named as interim president.
General Sani Abacha seized power from Shonekan in November 1993 and
became the President and Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council.
 On 8 June 1998, General Abacha died at the presidential villa in the Nigerian
capital, Abuja. Major General Abdulsalami Abubakar became the new President
and Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council.
 In May 1999, Major General Abdulsalami Abubakar stepped down, and the
former military head of state, Olusegun Obasanjo, became the newly elected
civilian president. Obasanjo served two terms in office.
 In May 2007, Alhaji Umaru Yar'Adua was sworn in as President of the Federal
Republic of Nigeria, the 13th head of state of Nigeria. Yar'Adua died on 5 May
2010 in the Presidential villa, in Abuja, Nigeria.
 On 6 May 2010, the Vice President Goodluck Jonathan was sworn in as President
of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the 14th head of state.
 On 29 May 2015, Muhammadu Buhari was sworn in as President of the Federal
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 Republic of Nigeria and the 15th head of state after winning the general election.
He was also sworn in for second term on May 29,2019
 After the second tenure of Muhammad Buhari an election was conducted in 2023
and President Bola Ahmed Tinubu was sworn in, till date

EVALUATION

CLASS WORK

1. Who was the first military head of state in Nigeria?

2. What year did Alhaji Shehu Shagari become Nigeria head of state?
3. Who handed over government to civilian rule in 1999?
4. Which head of state died on 5th of May 2010 in office.
5. Who killed the first Military head of state in Nigeria?

Period: 2

Duration: 40 Minutes

Topic: Reading and Seeing Videos on Past Presidents in Nigeria

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to

 list military and civilian heads of state in Nigeria.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

HOME WORK

Answer revision exercise 1-10 (pages 16-17) of Civics & security Education text
for junior secondary Book 3.

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Week: Eight
Period: 1
Duration: 40 Minutes
Topic: Supremacy of the Constitution

Reference Texts:
 Nigerian Constitution 1999
 Civics And Security Education for Junior Secondary Schools 3 by
(Oludare A. & Obiora Nwachukwu)
 Civic Education textbook (African Resource Civic and Security Education
Junior Secondary School 2)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zoFmJdE22k

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 define supremacy of the constitution.

 list and explain reasons for the supremacy of the constitution.

Teaching Methodology: Interactive method

 The teacher allows the students to define a constitution

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  The teacher allows the students to identify reasons for constitutional
supremacy.

Teaching Aids: A chart showing all Nigerian heads of states, video, power point
slides

CONTENT

Supremacy of the constitution in a country means the constitution or law of

the nation is greater than or more powerful than any person or group in the
country. This means anything allowed by the constitution should be done and
anything prohibited by the constitution should be avoided by the citizen,
irrespective of their position or wealth in the society.

It also entails that there is only one constitution (law of the land) for the
countrywhich is above everyone. In either word, the law is no respecter of
persons.

It should also be added that supremacy of the constitution is one of the basic
principles of the rule of law.

HOME WORK
1. Answer revision exercise 1-5 (pages 20-21) of Civics & security Education
text for junior secondary Book 3.
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 2. Answer all question in Civic education Work book exercise 1-5 (pages 10-
11) on supremacy of the constitution

Period: 2

Duration: 40 Minutes

Topic: Reasons for Supremacy of the Constitution

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to

 list the reasons for the supremacy of the constitution.

Teaching Aids: A copy of the Nigerian 1999 constitution, videos, pictures and
power point presentation

REASONS FOR SUPREMACY OF THE CONSTITUTION

 It protects the rights of the citizens

 The constitution ensures and enhances law and order in the society
 The constitution recognizes the principle of checks and balances in
the government

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  It promotes or enhances the notion of rule of law
 The constitution makes the leaders accountable to the people
 It states the powers and functions of state institutions such as the
police, armed forces and other security agents.
 The constitution also states the terms of office (tenure) of public
officersand political leaders.

EVALUATION

CLASSWORK

1. What is a constitution?
2. Define supremacy of the constitution
3. List 4 reasons for the supremacy of the constitution

Week: Nine
Period: 1
Duration: 40 minutes
Topic: Common crimes in the Society

Reference Texts:
 Civics And Security Education for Junior Secondary Schools 3 (Oludare
A. & Obiora Nwachukwu)
 Civic Education textbook (African Resource Civic and Security Education
Junior Secondary School 2)

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

 explain the meaning of crime.

 list and explain common crimes.
 highlight associated punishment for crime to individual and society.

Teaching Methodology: presentation method

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  The teacher asks students to make a presentation using drama method on
common crimes and its consequences.
 The teacher allows students to identify some of the negative implications
of crimes to an individual and society.

Teaching Aids: videos, power point slides, presentations

CONTENT

A crime is an illegal action or activity for which a person can be punished by law. A
crime can also be said an action or omission which constitutes an offence and is
punishable by law.

COMMON CRIMES IN THE SOCIETY INCLUDE:

 False hood
 Theft
 Murder
 Rape
 Embezzlement
 Child labour
 Examination malpractice
 Money laundering

HOME WORK

Answer Chapter two questions on common crimes and consequences in your

Civic Education work book 1- 7. (Pages 28- 29)

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Period: 2

Duration: 40 Minutes

Topic: Meaning of Falsehood and Theft

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to

 explain the meaning of falsehood

 list the reasons and consequences of falsehood

Teaching Aids: videos, pictures and power point presentation

MEANING OF FALSEHOOD AND THEFT

Falsehood is the state of being untrue. It can also be said be the property of
being false. Theft can be defined as the act of dishonestly taking something
that belongs to someone else and keeping it.

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 THE REASONS FOR FALSEHOOD AND THEFT
 Greed
 Hatred
 Corruption
 Social pressure
 Self- interest

There are severe punishments for crime in the society. The law enforcement of
society may be different pertaining to beliefs, customs and traditions religious
background or past experience can influence conditions for crime in a country.
Some of the followings are legal consequences for crime

LEGAL CONSEQUENCES FOR CRIME

 imprisonment
 fines and penalties
 loss of rights
 community service
 Restitution (paying back to victim or government)
 Restrictions
 Limitation of access to personal account. For example, freezing account.

EVALUATION

CLASSWORK

1. What is a crime?
2. List common crimes in the society.
3. Explain some consequences for crime in the society.

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