Codes and Standards Interior Design
Lecture-2
Unit-1 Fire Safety Code
Fire Fighting Requirements
Fire resistance requirements
include the following:
• Firefighting equipment: Wet
riser and dry riser systems,
Extinguishers, sprinklers
• Means of escape: Stairwells, fire
escapes, and emergency exits.
• Fire detection and alarm
systems: Types, installation, and
maintenance.
• Storage and handling of
hazardous materials:
Regulations for specific
materials.
Firefighting equipment
Fire Hydrant system-
Wet riser and dry riser
systems:
• Dry riser: a system of
valves and pipe work
which enables the
fire service to pump
water onto upper
floors of a building.
Firefighting equipment
Wet riser and dry riser
systems:
Dry risers will be
found:
• In buildings over 18
meters above ground
level.
• In low level buildings
where there are
excessive distances
from entrances
Firefighting equipment
Wet riser and dry riser
systems:
• Wet riser: a system of
valves and pipe work
which is kept
permanently charged
with water, generally
utilising pumps and
tanks.
• Wet risers will be
found in buildings
over 60 metres above
ground level.
• Both systems must also – by law – be tested every 12 months.
Firefighting equipment
Fire Extinguishers:
• Fire extinguishers should be provided both for
protecting building structure as well as
occupancy hazard contained therein.
• The required number of fire extinguishers may be
determined by considering any single extinguisher
of suitable type or a combination of two or more
types.
• It should always be borne in mind while selecting
locations that fire extinguishers are intended only
for the use on incipient fires and they will be of
little value if the fire is not extinguished or
brought under control, in the early stages.
Firefighting equipment
Sprinkler Systems:
• A sprinkler system consists of a
water supply (or supplies) and one
or more sprinkler installations;
• Each installation consists of a set of
installation control valves and a
pipe array fitted with sprinkler
heads.
• The sprinkler heads are fitted at
specified locations at the roof or
ceiling, and where necessary
between racks, below shelves,
inside ovens or stoves or below
obstructions.
Firefighting equipment
Sprinkler Systems:
• A sprinkler has two functions to
perform. It must first detect a
fire, and must then provide an
adequate distribution of water
to control or extinguish it.
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Fire Fighting Requirements
Means of Escape:
Fire escape, means of rapid egress from a
building, primarily intended for use in case of
fire.
Fire Safety order details quite specific
requirements in respect of means of escape
summarized as follows.:
• Exit routes and exit doors themselves are
kept clear (of obstruction) at all times.
• Emergency routes and Fire Exits must lead as
directly as possible to a place of safety.
Fire Fighting Requirements
• In the event of danger, it must be possible
for persons to evacuate the premises as
quickly and safely as possible.
• Sliding or revolving doors must be not be
used for exits specifically designated as
emergency exits.
• Emergency doors must not be so locked or
fastened in a way that prevents them being
easily and immediately opened by any
person who may require to use them in
emergency (for example a padlock).
