Eg.

father-in-law, mother-in-law, son-in-

BLOOD RELATION law, daughter-in-law etc.
These all relations is given below ,while
The Relationship between two people exist solving the question you have to keep in
by birth or by marriage are known as blood mind these types of relations.
relation. Blood relation has two major Solving technics –Do practice of making
sides paternal side and maternal side. The family tree. With the help of family tree
relation produced by couple is known as in- solving approach becomes very easy.
law relation.

DIFFERENT RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FAMILY MEMBERS ARE GIVEN BELOW

Paternal Side Maternal Side
1 Father’s father Grandfather 1 Mother’s father Maternal
Grandfather
2 Father’s mother Grandmother 2 Mother’s mother Maternal
Grandmother
3. Father’s brother Uncle 3 Mother’s brother Maternal
uncle
4. Father’s sister Aunt 4 Mother’s sister Aunt
5. Children of uncle or Cousin 5 Children of maternal Cousin
aunt uncle or aunt
6. Wife of uncle Aunt 6. Wife of maternal uncle Maternal
aunt
7. Husband of aunt Uncle 7. Husband of maternal Uncle
aunt
OTHER RELATIONS
Grandfather’s or Grandmother’s son Father or uncle
Grandfather’s or Grandmother’s only Father
Grandfather’s or Grandmother’s daughter’s Aunt
Mother’s or Father’s son Brother
Mother’s or Father’s son Sister
Son’s wife Daughter-in-law
Husband’s or wife’s sister Sister-in-law
Daughter’s Husband Son-in-law
Daughter’s Husband Son-in-law
Husband’s or wife’s brother Brother-in-law
Brother’s or sister’s son Nephew

1| Page
 Brother’s or sister’s daughter Niece
Sister’s husband Brother-in-law
Brother’s wife Sister-in-law
Grandson’s or granddaughter’s daughter or son Great granddaughter or son
IMPORTANT NOTATION Arunima is the sister of pankaj.
Arunima is the daughter of Kirti.
Also, Deepak is the father of Kirti.
Arunima is the granddaughter of
Deepak.
So, Answer is Granddaughter
Example.2:- A is B's sister. C is B's mother.
TYPES OF QUESTIONS
D is C's father. E is D's mother. Then, how
There are three types of questions which
is A related to D?
are asked from this chapter:
a) Grandfather
TYPE – I b) Grandmother
c) Daughter
DIRECT STATEMENT OR FAMILY TREE
d) Granddaughter
BASED Sol.: Granddaughter
In this type, a roundabout description is Explanation
given in the form of certain small A is the sister of B and B is the daughter of
relationship and you are required to C. So, A is the daughter of C. Also, D is the
analyze the whole chain of relations and father of C. So, A is the granddaughter of
decipher the direct relationship between D.
the person concerned. Example.3:- A has 3 children. B is the
Example.1:- Arunima is Pankaj's sister. brother of C and C is the sister of D, E who
Kirti is Pankaj's mother. Deepak is Kirti's is the wife of A is the mother of D. There
father. Nisha is Deepak's mother. Then, is only one daughter of the husband of
how is Arunima related to Deepak? E. What is the relation between D and B?
a) Grandfather Sol. With the chart
b) Grandmother
c) Daughter
d) Granddaughter
Sol.:

Therefore, D is a boy because there is only

one daughter of E.
Hence, B is the brother of D.
Note: While solving the question (+) can be

2| Page
used for male and (−) can be used for but we have given some code. Firstly, we
female. have to use these codes, then extract
important information and finally
TYPE – II answer the question asked.
INDIRECT STATEMENTS OR POINTED Example.7:- If ‘P + Q’ means that P is the
BASED mother of Q,
In this types of questions starts family tree ‘P ÷ Q’ means that P is the brother of Q,
with one who says about others and end ‘P × Q’ means that P is the son of Q,
family tree with one about whom relation ‘P – Q’ means that P is the sister of Q,
is said. Which of the following means that C is the
Example.4:- Pointing to a boy, Reema said sister of D?
“He is the son of my grandfather’s only a) C – P ÷ D b) P + D ÷ C
child”. How is boy related to Reema? c) D × P – C d) D – C × P
a) Brother b) Cousin Sol.: C – P ÷ D can be drawn diagram
c) Sister d) Date inadequate matically by using the given information
Sol.: Only child of Reema’s Grandfather ‘C – P’ means that C is the sister of P,
means Reema’s mother or Reema’s father. ‘P ÷ D’ means that P is the brother of D.
Hence, that boy is Reema’s brother.
Example.5:- A girl introduced a boy as the (-) sign indicates the gender of C is female.
son of the daughter of the father of her (+) sign indicates the gender of P is male.
uncle. The boy is girl's As C is the sister of P & P is the brother of
a) Brother b) Son D, we can say C is the sister of D
c) Uncle d) Son-in-law Example.8:- If ‘X + Y’ means X is the father
sol.: Brother of Y,
Daughter of uncle's father — Uncle's sister ‘X × Y’ means X is the brother of Y,
; Son of uncle’s sister — Brother ‘X – Y’ means X is the mother of Y,
Example.6:- Pointing towards a person in Then which of the following is definitely
a photograph, Anuja said, “He is the only true about C – A + B?
son of the father of my sister’s brother.” a) B is the son of A
How is that person related to Anuja? b) A is the son of C
Sol.: Sister’s brother → Brother c) B is the father of A
Brother’s father → Father d) C is the mother of B
Father’s son → Brother. Sol.: C – A’ means C is the mother of A,
∴ The person in the photograph is Anuja’s ‘A + B’ means A is the father of B.
brother. As C is the mother of A and A is the father
of B, we can definitely say A is the son of C.
TYPE – III
CODED RELATION OR SYMBOL BASED
In this type, relations are not given directly

3| Page
 EXERCISE – I
1. A is the mother of D, B is not the son a) Husband b) Son
of C, C is the father of D, D is the sister c) Father d) Uncle
of B, then how is A related to B? 8. A is the brother of B, B is the
a) Mother b) Brother daughter of C and D is the father of
c) Step son d) Sister A. then, how is C related to D?
2. Mr. and Mrs. Gopal have 3 daughter a) Husband
and each daughter has one brother. b) Wife
How many persons are there in the c) Granddaughter
family? d) Grandfather
a) 5 b) 6 9. D is B’s father. B is C’s sister-in-law
c) 7 d) 8 and A’s daughter. How is A related
3. A is father of B and C. B is the son of to D?
A. But C is not the son of A. How is C a) Wife b) Mother
related to A? c) Father d) Husband
a) Niece b) Son-in-law 10. A is the mother of D and sister of B. B
c) Daughter d) Grandson has a daughter C, who is married to F.
4. X and Y are brothers. R is the father G is the husband of A. How is G
of Y. S is the brother of T and related to D?
maternal uncle of X. What is T a) Uncle b) Husband
to R? c) Son d) Father
a) Mother b) Wife 11. A and B are the young ones of C. If C
c) Sister d) Brother is the mother of B but A is not the
5. M is the son of P. Q is the daughter of C, then what is the
granddaughter of O, who is the relationship between C and A?
husband of P. How is M related to O? a) Nephew and aunty
a) son b) Daughter b) Brother and sister
c) Mother d) Father c) Mother and son
6. A is B’s brother, C is A’s mother, D is d) Niece and aunty
C’s father and B is D’s 12. B is the father of Q. B has only two
granddaughter. How is B related to children. Q is the brother of R. R is
F who is A’s son? the daughter of P. A is the
a) Aunt b) Cousin granddaughter of P. S is the father of
c) Niece d) Grandaunt A. How is S related to Q?
7. A is the mother of D and sister of B. B a) Son
has a daughter C who is married to b) Son-in-law
F. G is the husband of A. How is G c) Brother
related to D? d) Brother-in-law

4| Page
13. A and B are sisters. A is mother of D. a) Daughter b) Sister
B has a daughter C, Who is married to c) wife d) Niece
F. G is the husband of A. How is C 20. Pointing to a woman in the
related to D? photograph a man said, “She is the
a) Cousin b) Niece daughter of my grandmother’s only
c) Aunt d) Sister-in-law son. How is the woman related to the
14. Seema is the daughter-in-law of man?
Sudhir and sister-in-law of a) Mother b) Daughter
Ramesh. Mohan is the son of sudhir c) Sister-in-law d) Sister
and only brother of Ramesh. Find the 21. Pointing to a lady Simon said, “She is
relation between Seema and the daughter of the only sister of my
Mohan. father”. How is lady related to
a) Sister-in-law b) Aunt Simon?
c) Cousin d) Wife a) Mother b) Aunt
15. In a joint family, there are father c) Sister d) Cousin Sister
mother, 3 married sons and one 22. Gopal said, pointing to Govind “His
unmarried daughter. Of the sons, 2 father is my father’s only son”.
have 2 daughters each and one has a How is Gopal related to Govind?
son. How many female members are a) Grandfather b) Grandson
there in the family? c) Son d) Father
a) 2 b) 3 23. Pointing to a photograph Rasika said,
c) 6 d) 9 “He is the grand son of my
16. A is D’s brother. D is B’s father. B and grandmother’s only son, “How is
C are sister. How is A related to C? the boy in photograph related to
a) son b) Grandson Rasika?
c) Father d) Uncle a) Son
17. Vijay says “Anand’s mother is the b) Either Nephew or Son
only daughter of my mother”. How is c) Brother
Anand related to Vijay? d) Can not be determined
a) Brother b) Father 24. Pointing towards a girl, Divya says,
c) Nephew d) Grandfather “She is daughter of only son of my
18. Vinod introduces Vishal as the son of grandfather. How the girl is related
the only brother of his father’s wife. to Divya?
How is Vinod related to Vishal? a) Brother b) Cousin
a) Cousin b) Brother c) Aunt d) Sister
c) Son d) Uncle 25. Mayank said, “My mother is the
19. Looking at a woman sitting next to sister of Rajat’s brother.” What is
him, Amit said, “She is the sister of Rajat’s relation with Mayank?
the husband of my wife”. How is the a) Cousin
woman related to Amit? b) Maternal uncle
5| Page
 c) Uncle maternal uncle of ‘T’?
d) Brother-in-law a) R - M x T b) R +M x T
26. A man introduced the boy coming c) T x M – R d) T x M / R
with him as “He is the Son of the 28. Which of the following means ‘F’ is
father of my wife’s daughter”. What paternal grandfather of ‘H’ ?
relation did the boy bear to the man? a) F –J /H b) F / J – H
a) Son-in-law b) Son c) F / J /H d) H / J / F
c) Brother d) Father 29. How is ‘K’ related to ‘M’ in R/M-K ?
DIRECTIONS(Q . No. 27-30)Read the a) Son
following information carefully and b) Daughter
answer the questions given below; c) Nephew
1. A x B means A is the mother of B d) Cannot be determined
2. A – B means A is the brother of B 30. How will ‘M’ is daughter of ‘N’ be
3. A + B means A is the sister of B written?
4. A / B means A is the father of B a) M + D x N b) N/ M + W
27. Which of the following means ‘R’ is c) N / M d) N x M

EXERCISE – II
1. A is the father of B and C. B is the son mother of R. If S is the son of T. which
of A but C is not the son of A. of the following statements is
How is C related with A? correct?
a) Daughter b) Son a) T is the brother of Q
c) Niece d) Nephew b) S in the cousin of P
2. Ajay is the brother of Vijay. Mili is the c) Q and S are sisters
Sister of Ajay. Sanjay is the brother d) S is the maternal uncle of P
of Rahul and Mehul is the daughter 5. A is the brother of B, B is the brother
of Vijay. Who is Sanjay’s Uncle? of C. D is the father of A. Based on
a) Rahul these three statements. Which of the
b) Ajay following statements cannot be
c) Mehul definitely true?
d) Data inadequate a) B is the brother of A
3. C. is A’s father’s nephew. D is A’s b) B is the son of D
cousin but not the brother of C. c) A is the brother of C
How is D related to C? d) C is the brother of A
a) Father b) Sister 6. A is father of X: B is mother of Y. The
c) Mother d) Aunt sister of X and Z is Y. Which of the
4. P is the son of Q while Q and R are the following statements is definitely not
sisters of one another. T is the true?

6| Page
 a) B is the mother of Z relation between B and E ?
b) X is the sister of Z a) Sister
c) Y is the son of A b) Mother – in – law
d) B has on daughter c) Mother
7. P’s father Q is B’s paternal uncle of B. d) Data inadequate
Q is brother of A. How is A related to 12. Deepak said to Nitin.“ That boy
B? playing with the football is the
a) Cousin younger of the two brothers of the
b) Aunt daughter of my father’s wife,” How is
c) Mother the boy playing football related to
d) Data inadequate Deepak?
8. Shobha is the niece of Ashish. a) son
Ashish’s mother is Priya. Kamla is b) Brother
Priya’s mother. Kamla’s husband is c) Cousin
Hari. Krishna is the monther-in-law of d) Son – in – law
Hari. How is Shobha related to Hari? 13. Y is the sister of J . L is the wife of J. L
a) Daughter has only one son R . K is the mother
b) Great granddaughter of L . K is married to D . D has only one
c) Grand niece son and only one daughter, Then how
d) Great grandson’s daughter is J related to K ?
9. Pointing to a photograph, a man said, a) son
“ I have no brother or sister but that b) son – in – Law
man’s father is my father’s son. “ c) Niece
Whose photograph was it? d) nephew
a) His own 14. In a family, there are seven persons,
b) His son’s comprising two married couples, T is
c) His father the son of M and the grandson of K.
d) His nephew’s M is a widower. M and R are brothers
10. Introducing Reena, Monika said, “She and W is daughter – in law of J, Who
is the only daughter of my father’s is the mother of R and the
only daughter.” How is Monika grandmother of D. How is D related
elated to Reena? to R ?
a) Mother a) Son
b) Niece b) Son-in-law
c) Cousin c) Nephew or niece
d) None of these d) Brother
11. There are six members in a family. A DIRECTIONS (Q . No. 15 - 17): Read
is the father of D, E is the grandfather the following information carefully
of D. B is the daughter – in – law of C. and answer the questions given
F is the uncle of D. What is the below;
7| Page
 1. P x Q means P is the father of Q DIRECTIONS (Q. No. 18 - 19) Read the
2. P – Q means P is the sister of Q following information carefully and
3. P + Q means P is the mother of Q answer the questions given below;
4. P / Q means P is the brother of Q 1. P x Q means P is the brother of Q
15. In the expression B + D x M/N, how is 2. P – Q means P is the mother of Q
‘M’ related to ‘B’? 3. P + Q means P is the father of Q
a) Granddaughter 4 P / Q means P is the sister of Q
b) Son 18. Which of the following means ‘H” is
c) Grandson the paternal grandfather of ‘T’?
d) Granddaughter or Grandson a) H + J + T b) T x K + H
16. Which of the following represent ‘J’ is c) H + J x T d) H – J + T
the son of ‘F’? 19. Which of the following means ‘M’ is
a) J/R – T x F maternal uncle of ‘T’ ?
b) J + R – T x F a) M / K x T b) M x K x T
c) J/M – N x F c) M x K + T d) M / K -T
d) none of these 20. A is the sister of B. B is the son of C,
17. Which of the following represent ‘R’ and E is the daughter of D and sister
is the niece of ‘M’ ? of A. What is D to C?
a) M/K x T – R a) Brother
b) J + R – T x F b) Husband
c) R – M x T/ W c) Wife
d) none of these d) Data is inadequate

ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE – I
1. a) 7. c) 13. a) 19. a) 25. a)
2. b) 8. d) 14. d) 20. d) 26. b)
3. c) 9. a) 15. d) 21. d) 27. a)
4. b) 10. d) 16. d) 22. d) 28. c)
5. a) 11. c) 17. c) 23. a) 29. c)
6. a) 12. d) 18. b) 24. d) 30. d)

EXERCISE – II
1. a) 5. d) 9. b) 13. b) 17. b)
2. d) 6. d) 10. b) 14. b) 18. a)
3. a) 7. c) 11. d) 15. c) 19. b)
4. b) 8. c) 12. d) 16. b) 20. d)

8| Page
 SOLUTION

EXERCISE – I
1. Hence G is the father of D.
8.

Hence A is mother of B
2. Hence C is wife of D.
9.

There are 6 members in the family

3. Hence A is wife of D.
10.

Hence C is daughter of A.
4. Hence G is the father of D.
11.

Hence T is wife of R.
Hence Relation between A and C is
5.
mother & son
12.

Hence m is Son of O
6. Hence S is brother -in- law of Q.
13.

Hence C is cousin of D.
Hence B is aunt of F. 14.
7.

Hence, Seema is wife of Mohan.

9| Page
15. Hence Gopal is father of Govind
23.

Hence, boy in the photograph is son of

16. Rasika.
24.

Hence A is uncle of C
17.
Hence the girl is sister of Divya
25.

Hence. Anand is nephew of Vijay

18. Woman  Amit  Wife
Hence woman is sister of Amit Rajat is maternal uncle of maynak.
19. 26.

Hence man’s son is cousin of the boy. The boy is son of the man.
20. 27.

Here, option (a) is clearly show that R

The woman is the sister of that man. is maternal uncle of T.
21. 28.

Hence lady is cousin sister of simon b)

22.

c)

10| Page
 Here, option (c) clearly shows F is 30.
Paternal ground father of H. a)
29.

b)

Here gender of K is not clear. So ans Here, option (b) clearly shows that M
can’t be determined. is daughter of N.

EXERCISE – II
1. 6.

Option (c) is not right Y is daughter of

C is daughter of A. A not Son.
2. 7.

Sanjay and Rahul is not connecting Here, A is mother of B.

with given family tree So. We can’t 8.
find the answer.
3.

Here, D will be sister of C.

4.

Here, Shobha is great grand daughter

of Hari.
9.
Option (d) is correct. S is material
uncle of P.
5.

Hence, Photograph is son of the man.

C, is not definitely brother, C can be 10.
also brother. So ans is (d)
11| Page
 Here, Monika is mother of Reena.
11.

Here, B and C is not linking with given

Here, no any option gives the Correct
relation So. We can’t give proper ans.
answer.
17.
12.

Here, The boy playing football is

brother of Deepak.
13.

J is son-in-law of K
14. No any option satisfy the relation
about R is the niece of m.
18.

Here, D’s gender is not clear so D can

be nephew or niece of R.
15.
Here, option (a) clearly shows H is
Paternal grand father of T.
19.

Here, M is grandson of B.
16.
12| Page
  Sign of D and Care not clear so.
Can’t decide who is wife and
Here, option (d) only shows m is who is husband.
maternal uncle of T .
20.



13| Page