Blood relation problems

Muhammad Jawad
Abid
 BLOOD RELATION
Blood relation is one of the most
frequently appearing topics of
logical reasoning. It shows the
different relations among
members of a family. Based on the
information, a candidate is
required to identify particular
family members.

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Important Terms in Blood Relations
 Father of Grandfather or Grandmother = Great Grand Father

 Mother of Grandfather or Grandmother = Great Grand

Mother
 Father of Father or Mother =Grand Father
 Mother of Father or Mother = Grand Mother
 Wife of Grandfather = Grand Mother
 Husband of Grand Mother = Grand Father
 Father – in – Law of Father/Mother = Grand Father
 Mother – in – Law of Father/Mother = Grand Mother
 Father’s Father/Mother only son = Father
 Only Daughter – in – Law of Father’s Father/Father’s Mother
= Mother
 Husband of Mother = Father
 Wife of Father = Mother
 Second Wife of Father = Step Mother
 Brother of Father or Mother = Uncle
 Sister of Father or Mother = Aunt
 Husband of Aunt = Uncle
 Wife of Uncle = Aunt
 Son of Grand Father/Grand Mother =Father/Uncle
 Daughter of Father – in – Law/Mother –in – Law of Father =
Mother / Aunt
 Father of Wife/Husband = Father – in – Law
 Mother of Wife/Husband = Mother – in – Law
 Children of same parents = Siblings
 Father’s / Mother’s only son/daughter = Oneself
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  Son of Father or Mother = Brother
 Daughter of Father or Mother = Sister
 Son of second Wife of Father = Step Brother
 Daughter of Second Wife of Father = Step Sister
 Son / Daughter of Uncle/Aunt = Cousin
 Brother of Husband or Wife = Brother – in – Law
 Sister of Husband or Wife = Sister – in – Law
 Husband of Sister/ Sister – in - Law = Brother – In – Law
 Son of Father = Oneself / Brother
 Mother of Son/ Daughter = Oneself/ Wife
 Father of Daughter / Son = Oneself/Husband
 Son of Son of Grand Mother/ Grand Father =
Cousin/Oneself/Brother
 Daughter of Son of Grand Mother/Grand Father = Cousin /
Oneself / Sister
 Son of Brother or Sister = Nephew
 Daughter of Brother or Sister = Niece
 Grandson of Father/Mother = Son / Nephew
 Grand Daughter of Father / Mother = Daughter / Niece
 Husband of Daughter = Son – in – Law
 Wife of Brother / Brother – in – Law = Sister – in - Law
 Wife of Son = Daughter – in – Law
 Son of Son/Daughter = Grandson
 Daughter of Son/Daughter Grand Daughter
 Son’s/ Daughter’s Grandson Great Grand Son
 Son’s /Daughter’s Grand daughter Great Grand Daughter

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There also are a few things which need to be kept in mind while
solving the blood relation questions. Given below are few such
important pointers:
 You cannot assume the gender of the person based on the
name
 If the statement says X is the son of Y, the gender of Y
cannot be determined unless mentioned in the question
 In puzzle based questions, a web of relations can be formed,
so do not solve such questions in a haste
 These questions are scoring and easy to solve, so do not
panic if the question seems lengthy
 In case of coding-decoding blood relation, use a pictorial
description to solve the question. This will make the symbols
and relation more clear

FAMILY TREE
A family tree is a pictorial representation of genealogical
data.
The following points help in drawing a family tree.
1. All the female members of the family are represented by a
circle. The name of the person is written inside the circle for
convenience.
2. All the male members of the family are represented by a
square. The name of the person is written inside the square
for convenience.
3. The relation between two members of the family is shown by
connecting a double-headed arrow.
4. The spouse relation is represented by the two ends of a
double-headed arrow.
5. All the family members of the upper generation are
represented above in the family tree. Ex: father, mother,
uncle, aunt etc. The logic can be extended by representing
the grandparents above the parents in the family tree. Ex:
grandfather and grandmother.

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 6. All the family members of the same generation are
represented in the middle of the family tree. Ex: brothers,
Sisters, cousins, wife, husband, etc.
7. All the family members of the next generation are
represented below in the family tree. Ex: Daughter, son,
niece, nephew.

TYPES OF QUESLTIONS
1. Single Sentence Blood Relations
There are two types in this section.
a. Direct
b. Indirect
Direct:
Break the given sentence at is/was/as and resolve it from last
point to is/was/as to get easy solution for the problem.
examples.
Pointing to a lady, R said,” She is the only daughter of the
father of my sister’s brother”. How is she related to R?
Solution :
Break the given sentence at is
From the last, in the view of R,
My sister’s brother – brother
Father of brother – father
Daughter of father – sister
So,that becomes “she is my sister”
So, answer is sister.
John introduces Mary as the daughter of the only son of
my father’s wife. How is Mary related to john?
Solution :
Break the given sentence at as.
Resolving from the last , In the view of john,
My father’s wife – mother
Only son of mother – himself i.e. john
Daughter of john– daughter.

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So, answer is daughter.
NOTE : Sometimes they might ask like how is john related to
Mary. In that case answer is father. So, don’t make answers
without clear understanding in this type of problems.
Indirect:
Break the given sentence at is/was/as.
Resolve the sentence from last upto is/was/as.
And also resolve the sentence from the first upto is /was/as.
Then you will get easy solution. Observe the below examples.
Pointing to a man in the photograph, a Woman says,” His
mother’s only daughter is my mother”. How is man related
to woman?
Solution :Break the sentence at is.
From the last, up to is : my mother – Woman’s mother
From the first, up to is : his mother’s only daughter – his sister
His sister = woman’s mother.
So, the answer is Mother’s brother i.e. Uncle.
If question asks like how is woman related to that man? Then
answer is sister’s daughter i.e. niece.
Introducing S, K said,” His brother’s father is the only son
of my grandfather”. How is K related to S?
Solution : Break the sentence at is.
From the last up to is : The only son of my grandfather – father
From the first up to is : his brother’s father – father
S’s father = k’s father
So, they are brother & sister.
Answer is sister.
Father = Father Uncle= Uncle
Mother = Mother Aunt = Aunt
Then they both may be brothers / sisters / brother & sister
depending upon their sex.

2. Mixed Sentence Blood Relations

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In this, mutual blood relations depending on more than two
persons mentioned. These type of problems can be solved with
the help of diagrams.
Follow these symbols in the diagram to avoid confusion.
+ Male candidate
– Female candidate
<=> Couple
——- Same generation i.e.brother –brother (or) sister-
sister (or) sister to brother
_______ Different generations i.e. father-son (or) mother-
son (or) father – daughter (or) Mother – daughter
The following list of generation might be helpful to you.
First generation : Grand father, Grand mother
Second generation : Father, Mother, Uncle, Aunt.
Third generation : Self, Sister, Brother, Sister in law,
Brother in law
Fourth generation : Son, Daughter, Nephew, Niece.
Better to use the same generation in one horizontal row in the
diagrams.
A and B are brothers and C and D are sisters. A’s son is
D’s brother. How is B related to C?
Solution: By using above notations we can draw the below
diagram. A,B are taken ‘+’ and C ,D
are taken as ‘-’. It seems that A,B belongs to one generation and
C,D belongs to another generation.
So, A,B are taken in one horizontal row and C,D are taken in other
horizontal line.
It says that A is C’s father. Father’s brother is uncle. So, answer
is uncle.
Sometimes they might ask paragraph questions in blood relations
type problems.

Read the information carefully and answer the question

given below it.

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A family consists of 6 members P, Q , R, X, Y, Z. 2. Q is the
son of R but R is not mother of Q. 3. P and R are married
couple. 4. Y is the brother of R, X is the daughter of P. 5. Z
is the brother of P.
Questions :
1. Who is the brother in law of R?
2. How many female members are there in the family?
3. How is Q related to X?
4. How is Y related to P?
Solution: Draw the diagram with given instructions below.
1. Q is son of R. draw this one with thick line in different horizontal
rows. Both are male so take as’+’.
2. Use <=> between P and R in same row, because they are
couple.
3. Add Y to R with dotted line in same row.
4. Add X to P with thick line downwards to different row. Here, X is
‘–‘.
5. Add Z to P and take Z as ‘+’.
6. So, Q and X are brother & sister.
Answers :
1. Brother in law means wife’s brother i.e. Z
2. Two female members are there with ‘-‘ symbols i.e. P and X.
3. Q is brother of X.
4. Y is husband’s brother to P. i.e. brother in law.

3. Coded Sentence Blood Relations

In this type, relationships represented by codes and symbols like
+ , – , / , *. You have to analyze the required relation based on the
given code. In this also you may need diagrammatic
representation of problem to solve it. Use the same
representation used in mixed blood relations.

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If P+Q means P is husband of Q, P/Q means P is the sister
of Q, P*Q means P is the son of Q. how is D related to A in
D*B+C/A?
Solution : C/A – C is sister of Q.
B+C/A – B is brother in law of A (sister’s
husband – brother in law.
D*B+C/A – D is nephew of A (sister’s husband’s
son means sister’s son i.e. nephew).
So, answer is Nephew.

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 PART 1
Kamal's said, 'Her mother's brother is the only son of my
mother's father'. How is the girl's mother related Kamal?
(A) Aunt
(B) Grandmother
(C) Sister
(D) Mother
Ans: A
Only son of Kamal's mother's father- Kamal's maternal uncle.
So, the girl's maternal uncle is Kamal's maternal uncle.
Thus, the girl's mother is Kamal's aunt.

S told A, 'Yesterday I defeated the only brother of the

daughter of my grandmother'.• Whom did S defeat?
(A) Father-in-law
(B) Cousin
(C) Father
(D) Son
Ans: C
Daughter of grandmother Aunt;
Aunt's only brother Father.

P said, 'This girl is the wife of the grandson of my mother'.

Who is P to the girl?
(A) Husband
(B) Father-in-law
(C) Grandfather
(D) Father
Ans: B
Mother's grandson Son;
Son's wife Daughter-in-law.
A introduces R as the son of the only brother of his
father's
wife. How is R related to A ?

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(A) Brother
(B) Son-in-law
(C) Cousin
(D) Uncle
Ans: C
The relations may be analysed as follows:
Father's wife Mother;
Mother's brother Uncle;
Uncle's son Cousin.
So, R is A's cousin.

Pointing to a lady, a man said, 'The son of her only brother

is the brother of my wife'.• How is the lady related to the
man?
(A) Sister of father-in-law
(B) Mother-in-law
(C) Grandmother
(D) Mother's sister
Ans: A
Brother of my wife My brother-in-law;
Son of lady's brother is the brother-in-law of the man.
So, lady's brother is man's father-in-law i.e., the lady is the sister
of man's father-in-law.

Pointing to a photograph, a man said, 'I have no brother or

sister but that man's father is my father's son'.Whose
photograph was it?
(A) His nephew's
(B) His father's
(C) His own
(D) His son's
Ans: D
Since the narrator has no brother, his father's son is he himself.
So, the man who is talking is

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the father of the man in the photograph or the man in the
photograph in his son.

T said to N , 'That boy playing with the football is the

younger of the two brothers of the daughter of my father's
wife'.How is the boy playing football related to T ?
(A) Nephew
(B) Cousin
(C) Son
(D) Brother
Ans: D
Father's wife - Mother, Mother's daughter - Sister;
Sister's younger brother - My younger brother.
So, the boy is T's brother.

If S says, 'R 's mother is the only daughter of my mother•',

how is S related to R?
(A) Brother
(B) Father
(C) Grandfather
(D) None of these
Ans: D
Only daughter of S's mother - S's sister.
So, R's mother is S's sister or S is the brother of R's mother i.e.,
R's maternal uncle.
Daughter of grandmother - Aunt;
Aunt's only brother - Father.

Looking at a portrait of a man, H said, 'His mother is the

wife of my father's son. Brothers and Sisters I have none'.
At whose portrait was H looking?
(A) His nephew
(B) His uncle
(C) His cousin

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(D) His son
Ans: D
Since H has no brother or sister, so he is his father's only son.
Now, wife of my father's son - my wife.
So, H's wife is the man's mother or the man is H's son.
Question: 5

Pointing to an old man, K said, 'His son is my son's

uncle'.• How is the old man related to K?
(A) Grandfather
(B) Father
(C) Uncle
(D) Brother
Ans: B
K's son's uncle – K’s brother.
So, the old man's son is K's brother i.e., the old man is K's father

PART 2
If A + B means A is the brother of B; A + B means A is the
father of B and A x B means A is the sister of B. Which of
the following
means M is the uncle of P?
(A) M + N x P
(B) M + K ÷ T x P

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(C) M + S + R + P
(D) N x P + M
Ans: B
M is the uncle of P means M is the brother of the father (say K) of
the sister (say T) of P i.e., M + K ÷ T x P.
If A + B means A is the sister of B; A – B means A is the
brother of B; A x B means A is the daughter of B; which of
the following shows the relation that E is the maternal
uncle of D?
(A) D x F + E
(B) D x F - E
(C) D - F x E
(D) D + F x E
Ans: A
Clearly, E is the maternal uncle of D means D is the daughter of
the sister (say F) of E i.e. D x F + E.

P + Q means P is the brother of Q; P - Q means P is the

mother of Q and P x Q means P is the sister of Q. Which of
the following means M is the maternal uncle of R?
(A) M - R + K
(B) M + K - R
(C) M + K x R
(D) M + K + R
Ans: B
M is the maternal uncle of R means M is the brother of the mother
(say K) of R i.e., M + K - R

Read the information given below and answer the

questions
that follow:
(i) In a family of six persons A, B, C, D, E and F, there are
two married couples.
(ii) D is grandmother of A and mother of B.

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(iii) C is wife of B and mother of F.
(iv) F is the grand daughter of E.
Question: 1
What is C to A?
(A) Mother
(B) Grandmother
(C) Daughter
(D) Cousin
Ans: A
C is the wife of B and D is mother of B.
So, C is the grandmother of A.
So, C is the mother of A.
Question: 2
How many male members are there in the family?
(A) Two
(B) Three
(C) Four
(D) Cannot be determined
Ans: D
Clearly, the sex of A cannot be determined.
Question: 3
Which of the following is true?
(A) B has two daughters
(B) D has two grandsons.
(C) A is brother of F.
(D) None of these
Ans: D
The sex of A is not known.So, neither a nor b is definitely true.
Clearly, D is the grandmother of A and F.
Question: 4
Who among the following is one of the couples?
(A) CD (B) EB (C) DE (D) Cannot be determined
Ans: C
C is wife of B. So, one couple is BC.Now, D is grandmother of A.

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B is the son of D and his wife C is the mother of F.So, D is also the
grandmother of F.But F is the granddaughter of E.So, E is the
grandfather of F and the husband of D.Thus DE is another couple.

In a family, there are seven persons, comprising two

married couples. T is the son of M and the grandson of K.
M is a widower. M and R are brothers and W is the
daughter - in - Law of J, who is the mother of R and the
grandmother of D. How is D related to M?
a) Son b) Son - in – Law c) Nephew or Niece d) Brother
Solution:(Option C)

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WE CAN USE FOR MALE AND FOR FEMALE

PART 3
There are six persons A. B, C, D, E and F. C is the sister of
F. B is the brother of E's husband. D is the father of A and

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grandfather of F. There are two fathers, three brothers
and a mother in the group. Who is the mother ?
D is father of A and grandfather of F. So, A is father of F.
Thus. D and A are the two fathers. C is the sister of F So. C is the
daughter of A.
Since there is only one mother, it is evident that E is the wife of A
and hence the mother of C and F.
So, B is brother of A There are three brothers. So. F is the brother
of C.
Clearly, A is E's Husband.

Introducing a man, a woman said, 'He is the only son of

my mother's mother." How is the woman related to the
man ?
Niece
My mother's mother — My grandmother: My grandmother's only
son — My maternal uncle. So, the woman is man's niece.

When Anjum saw Moeen, he recalled, "He is the son of the

father of my daughter." Who is Moeen ?
Anjum’s daughter's mother — Anjum’s wife ;
Anjum's wife's father - Anjum’s father-in-law;
Father-in-law's son — Anjum’s brother-in-law
So, Moeen is Anjum’s brother-in-law

A is father of C and D is son of B. E is brother of A. If C is

sister of D, how is B related to E ?
A is father of C and C is sister of D. So, A is father of D.
But D is son of B. So, B is the mother of D and wife of K Also. E is
the brother of A So, B is the sister-in-law of E.

Raja,s mother is the only daughter of Monika's father.

How is Monika's husband related to Raja ?
Clearly, the only daughter or Monika's father is Monika herself

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So, Raja,s mother is Monika
Thus, Monika's husband is the father of Raja.

Pointing to a photograph, a lady tells Majid, "I am the only

daughter of this lady and her son is your maternal uncle."
How is the speaker related to Majid's father
Clearly, the speaker's brother is Majid's maternal uncle. So, the
speaker is Majid's mother or his father's wife

Looking at a portrait of a man, Hussan said, "His mother is

the wife of my father's son. Brothers and sisters I have
none." At whose portrait was Hussan looking?
Since Hussan has no brother or sister, so he is his father's only
son. Now, wife of my father's son — my wife.
So, Hussan's wife is the man's mother or the man is Hussan's son.

Pointing to an old man, Kazim said, "His son is my son's

uncle." How is the old man related to Kazim ?
Kazim's son's uncle — Kazim's brother. So. the old man's son is
Kazim's brother
i.e., the old man is Kazim's father.

Pointing to a girl in the photograph, Amar said, "Her

mother's brother is the only son of my mother's father."
How is the girl's mother related to Amar ?
Only son of Amar's mother's father — Amar's maternal uncle.
So, the girl's maternal uncle is Arnar's maternal uncle. Thus, the
girl's mother is Amar's aunt.

A, B, C, D, E, F and G are members of a family consisting

of four adults and three children, two of whom, F and G
are girls. A and D are brothers and A is a doctor. E is an
engineer married to one of the brothers and has two
children. if is married to D and G is their child. Who is C ?

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E is married to A or D. But B is married to D. Thus, E is married to
A.
Thus, A, B, C, D, E are the four adults and C, F, G are the three
children in the family. B and D have a child G. A and E have two
children. They are C and F Now. only F and G are girls.
So, C is a boy. Thus, C is A's or E's son.

Rani told Mani, "The girl I met yesterday at the beach was
the youngest daughter of the brother-in-law of my friend's
mother." How is the girl related to Rani's friend ?
Daughter of brother-in-law — Niece;
Mother's niece — Cousin.
So, the girl is the cousin of Rani's friend.

A man said to a lady, "Your mother's husband's sister is

my aunt!! How is the lady related to the man ?
Your mother's husband — Your father; Your father's sister — Your
aunt.
So, lady's aunt is man's aunt and therefore lady is man's sister.

Asad told Aneel, 'Yesterday I defeated the only brother of

the daughter of my grandmother.' Whom did Asad defeat
Daughter of grandmother — Aunt: Aunt's only brother — Father.

Pointing to a man in a photograph. Asha said. "His

mother's only daughter is my mother." How is Asha
related to that man ?
Asha's mother's mother is man's mother i.e. Asha's mother is
man's sister or Asha is man's niece.

Q is the brother of R;
P is the sister of Q;
T is the brother of S;
S is the daughter of R.

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Who are the cousins of Q ?
T is the brother of S, who is the daughter of R. So, T and S are the
children of R. Now. Q is the brother of R. So, T and S are the
cousins of Q.

In a family, there are six members A, B, C, D, E and F. A

and B are a married couple, A being the male member. D
is the only son of C, who is the brother of A. E is the sister
of D. B is the daughter-in-law of F, whose husband has
died. How many male members are there in the family ?
A is a male and married to B. So, A is the husband and B is the
wife. C is the brother of A. D is the son of C. E, who is the sister of
D will be the daughter of C. B is the daughter-in-law of F whose
husband has died means F is the mother of A. A is a male. B. the
wife, is female. C. the brother, is male. D. the son, is male. E, the
sister, is female. F, the mother, is a female. So, there are three
males.

X introduces Y saying, "He is the husband of the

granddaughter of the father of my father ". How is Y
related to X?
Father's father ---->Grandfather; Grandfather's granddaughter
-----> Sister; Sister's husband ---->Brother-in-law. So, Y is X's
Brother-in-law.

A is the brother of B. B is the brother of C. D is the father

of A. Based on these three statements, which of the
following statements cannot be definitely true ?
A is the brother of B and B is the brother of C. So, C may be the
brother or sister of A.

Abid said, "This girl is the wife of the grandson of my

mother." Who is Abid to the girl ?
Mother's grandson — Son, Son's wife — Daughter-in.law

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All the six members of a family A, B, C, D, E and F are
travelling together. B is the son of C but C is not the
mother of B. A and C are a married couple. E is the brother
of C. D is the daughter of A. F is the brother of B. Who is
the mother of B ?
B is the son of C but C is not the mother of B means C is the
father of B. A is married to C means A is the mother of B. F is
brother of B means F is son of A and C. D is daughter of A means
D is daughter of A and Clearly. A is the mother of B.

A woman going with a boy is asked by another woman

about their relationship between them. The woman
replied, "My maternal Uncle and the uncle of his maternal
uncle is the same". How is the lady related with that boy?
Clearly, the brother of woman's mother is the same as the brother
of the father of boy's maternal uncle. So, the woman's mother's
brother is the boy's maternal uncle's father. Thus the woman's
mother's brother's son is boy's maternal uncle, i.e woman's
mother's brother's daughter is boy's mother.

Asad is brother of Abid. Anum is sister of Ajmal. Abid is

son of Anum. How is Asad related to Anum ?
Asad is the son of Abid, who is the son of Anum.
Thus, Asad is the son of Anum

If 'A $ B' means 'A is brother of B', 'A @ B'means 'A is wife
of B', 'A # B' means 'A is daughter of B' and 'A & B'means
'A is father of B', then which of the following expressions
indicates the relationship 'K' is father-in-law of H'?
A) H @ J $ L # P & K B) H @ J $ P & L # K
C) H @ J $ L # K & P D) H @ P $ J & L # K

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K is the father-in-law of H means H is the wife of the brother (say,
J) of the daughter (say, L) of K and K is a male (brother or father
of some person, say P) i.e H @ J $ L # K $ P or H @ J $ L # K & P.

Introducing a man, a woman said. "His wife is the only

daughter of my father." How is that man related to the
woman ?
Only daughter of my father — Myself. So, the man is woman's
husband.

Pointing to a photograph, a woman says, "This man's son's

sister is my mother-in-law." How is the woman's husband
related to the man in the photograph ?
Man's son's sister — Man's daughter. So, the man's daughter is
the mother of the woman's husband
Thus, the woman's husband is the grandson of the man in the
photograph.

A is the son of B, C. B's sister has a son D and a daughter

E. F is the maternal uncle of D. How many nephews does F
have ?
clearly, F is the maternal uncle of D means F is the brother of D's
mother i.e., F is the brother of C. C is the sister of B.
So, F is the brother of B who is A's mother. Thus. F is the maternal
uncle of A. So, A and D are the nephews of F i.e., F has two
nephews

(i) In a family of six persons A, B, C, D, E and F, there are

two married couples.
(ii) D is grandmother of A and mother of B.
(iii) C is wife of B and mother of F.
(iv) F is the grand daughter of E.
Who among the following is one of the couples ?
A) CD B) DE

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C) EB D) none of these
C is wife of B. So, one couple is BC. Now, D in grandmother of A, B
is the son of D and his wife C is the mother of F. SO, D is also the
grandmother of F But F is the granddaughter of E.
So, E is the grandfather of F and the husband of D. Thus, DF is
another couple

A family consists of six members P, Q, R, S, T and U. There

are two married couples. Q is a doctor and the father of T.
U is grandfather of R and is a contractor. S is grandmother
of T and is a housewife. There is one doctor, one
contractor, one nurse, one housewife and two students in
the family. Which of the following is definitely a group of
male members ?
A) QU B) QUT
C) QUP D) UT
Q, the Doctor, is the father of T. S, the Housewife, is the
grandmother of T and hence the mother of Q. Since there are only
two married couples one being that of Q, the grandfather of R. i.e,
U must be married to S. Thus, R and T will be both children of Q
and these must be the students So, P, who remains, shall be the
wife of Q and she alone can be the nurse. Thus, U must be the
contractor. Clearly, for definite the males are Q, the father and U,
the grandfather

Pointing to a man in a photograph, a woman said, "His

brother's father is the only son of my grandfather." How is
the woman related to the man in the photograph ?
Only son of woman's grandfather — Woman's father.
Man's brother's father — Man's father
So. the woman is man's sister.

A man pointing to a photograph says, 'The lady in the

photograph is my nephew's maternal grandmother." How

24 | P a g e
is the lady in the photograph related to the man's sister
who has no other sister ?
Clearly, the lady is the grandmother of man's sister's son i.e.. the
mother of the mother of man's sister's son i.e., the mother of
man's sister. So, the lady is man's mother.

Introducing a man to her husband , a woman said "His

brother's father is the only son of my grandfather". How is
the woman related to this man?
Only son of woman's grandfather - woman's father; Man's
brother's father - Man's father ,So, man's father is woman's father
i.e woman is the man's sister.

A family consists of six members P, Q, R, X, Y and Z. Q is

the son of R but R is not mother of Q. P and R are a
married couple. Y is the brother of R. X is the daughter of
P. Z is the brother of P. How many children does P have ?
Q is the son of R but R is not the mother. So, R is the Father of Q.
P is married to R
So, P is the wife of R and the mother of Q, X is the daughter of P
and hence of R and so she is the Sister of Q, Y is the brother of R
and Z is the brother of P. Clearly, Q is the son of P and X is the
daughter of P. So, P has two children.

Pointing to a photograph, a person tells his friend, "She is

the grand daughter of the elder brother of my father."
How is the girl in the photograph related to his Man?
Brother of father — Uncle;
Uncle's grand daughter — daughter of uncle's son — daughter of
cousin — niece.

There are six children playing football, namely A, B, C, D, E

and F. A and E are brothers. F is the Sister of E. C is the

25 | P a g e
only son of A's Uncle. B and D are the daughters of the
brother of C's father. How is D related to A?
Clearly, D's father is the brother of C's father and C's father is A's
Uncle. So, D's father is also A's Uncle. Thus, D is A's cousin.

Pointing to a photograph, Wajid said, "She is the daughter

of my grandfather's only son." How is Wajid related to the
girl in the photograph ?
My grandfather's only son — My father. So, the girl is the
daughter of Wajid's father i.e., Wajid is the girl's brother.

Pointing to a gentleman, Asad said, "His only brother is

the father of my daughter's father." How the gentleman
related to Asad ?
Father of Asad's daughter's father — Asad's father.
So, the man's brother is Asad's father or the man is the brother of
Asad's father i.e., Asad's uncle.
V is the wife of M.

If X + Y means X is the daughter of Y; X - Y means X is the

brother of Y; X % Y means X is the father of Y and X x Y
means X is the sister of Y. Which of the following means I
is the niece of J?
A. J - N % C x I
B. I x C - N % J
C. J + M x C % I
D. I x C + N - J
Answer: Option D
Solution:
I x C → I is the sister of C
C + N → C is the daughter of N
and N - J → N is the brother of I.
Hence, I is niece of J.

26 | P a g e
If M x N means M is the daughter of N; M + N means M is
the father of N; M % N means M is the mother of N and M -
N means M is the brother of N then P % Q + R - T x K
indicates which relation of P to K?
A. Daughter-in-law
B. Sister-in-law
C. Aunt
D. None of these
Answer: Option B
Solution:
K + Y → K is the brother of Y
Y x I → Y is the father of I
Hence, → K is the uncle of I
and I - Z → I is the sister of Z
Hence, → I is the niece of K.

If A $ B means A is the brother of B; A @ B means A is the

wife of B; A # B means A is the daughter of B and A * B
means A is the father of B, which of the following
indicates that U is the father-in-law of P?
A. P @ Q $ T # U * W
B. P @ W $ Q * T # U
C. P @ Q $ W * T # U
D. P @ Q $ T # W * U
Answer: Option A
Solution:
P @ Q → P is the wife of Q ...(1)
Q $ T → Q is the brother of T ...(2)
T # U → T is the daughter of U
Hence, → Q is the son of U ...(3)
U * W → U is the father of W.
From (1) and (3), U is the father-in-law of P.

27 | P a g e
If A + B means B is the brother of A; A x B means B is the
husband of A; A - B means A is the mother of B and A % B
means A is the father of B, which of the following relations
shows that Q is the grandmother of T?
A. Q - P + R % T
B. P x Q % R - T
C. P x Q % R + T
D. P + Q % R – T
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Q - P → Q is the mother of P
P + R → R is the brother of P
Hence, → q is the mother of R
R % T → R is the father of T.
Hence, Q is the grandmother of T.

A man introduced the boy coming with him as "He is son

of the father of my wife's daughter". What relation did the
boy bear to the man ?
(a) Son-in-law
(b) Son
(c) Brother
(d) Father
(e) None of these
Ans: (b) The relationship chart based on problem is :

28 | P a g e
A and B are two brothers. C is sister of B. D is sister of E. E
is son of A. who is D's uncle ?
(a) D
(b) E
(c) B
(d) C
(e) None of these
Ans: (c) The relationship chart based on the problem is:

A is the sister of B. B is the son of C, and E is the daughter

of D, and sister of A. What is D to C ?
(a) Brother
(b) Husband
(c) Wife
(d) Data is inadequate
(e) None of these
Ans: (d) Information about 'D' and 'C' is not given as such no
relation can be specified.

29 | P a g e
A man said to a lady ,"Fagu's mother is the only daughter
of your father." How is the lady related to Fagu ?
(a) Daughter
(b) Sister
(b) Wife
(d) Mother
(e) None of these

The only daughter of Lady's Father is Fagu's Mother.

Pointing to a man, a woman said, " He is the only son of

my mother's mother".How is the woman related to the
man ?
(a)Aunt
(b) Daughter
(c) Niece
(d) Sister
(e) None of these

30 | P a g e
The man is the brother of the woman's mother.so, the woman is
man's niece.

A man and a woman are sitting in a room. Man's mother-

in-law and woman's mother-in-law are mother and
daughter respectively ?
(a) Father
(b) father-in-law
(c) Uncle
(d) Grandfather-in-law
(e) None of these

Woman's mother-in-law is the daughter of Man's mother-in-

law.so, the man is the husband of woman's mother-in-law and the
father-in-law of the woman.

31 | P a g e
Pointing to a photograph, a woman said, "she is the only
daughter of my mother's father." How is the woman
related to the person in the photograph ?
(a) Mother
(b) Grandmother
(c) daughter
(d) Cannot be determined
(e) None of these

only daughter of my mother’s father' is the person in the

photograph and she is also the mother of the woman. So, the
woman is the daughter of the person in the photograph.

B's mother is the only daughter of A's mother. How is A

related to B ?
(a) Niece
(b) Brother
(c) Father
(d) Uncle
(e) Cannot be determined

32 | P a g e
'B's' mother is the only daughter of' 'A's' mother. So "A' is the son
. 'A' is also the brother of 'B' s' mother, he is the uncle of 'B'.

A said to B that B's mother was the mother-in-law of A's

mother.How is A's mother related to B's mother?
(a) Mother
(b) Daughter-in-law
(c) Daughter
(d) Cousin
(e) Aunt

'B's mother is the mother-in-law of 'A' s' mother . so, 'A's'

mother vis the daughter-in-law off 'B's mother.

Read the following information carefully and answer the

questions given below.
33 | P a g e
A+B means A is the daughter of B.
A-B means A is the husband of B.
A*B means A is the brother of B.
Q1) If P+Q-R, which of the following is true?
1) R is the mother of P
2) R is the sister-in-law of P
3) R is the aunt of P
4) None of these
Correct Answer: “1”
Q2) If P*Q+R, which of the following is true?
1) P is the brother of R
2) P is the uncle of R
3) P is the son of R
4) None of these
Correct Answer: “3”
Q3) If P+Q*R, which of the following is true?
1) P is the niece of R
2) P is the daughter of P
3) P is the cousin of R
4) P is the daughter in law of R
Correct Answer: “1”
Q4) If A $ B means “A is the father of B”, A # B means ‘A
is the daughter of B’, A @ B means
‘A is the sister of B’, then how is K related to M in H @ K $
L # M?
1) Husband
2) Uncle
3) Father
4) Cannot be determined
Correct Answer: “1”

Read the information given below and answer the

questions that follow.

34 | P a g e
I. M, P, S, T, R, Q, O, K, U and N are the 10 members of a family.
II. P is the daughter of M and the sister of R.
III. Q is the son in law of O.
IV. M is the grandfather of T and U.
V. P is the sister in law of S.
VI. R is the maternal uncle of N and K.
VII. N is the only son of Q.
VIII. T and U are the sisters.

Q.1 How is P related to T?

A. Daughter
B. Sister
C. Aunt
D. Mother
E. None of these.
Q.2 Which of the following is true?
A. R is the sister of P.
B. K is the son of S.
C. O is the husband of M.
D. S is the daughter in law of M.
E. None of these.
Q.3 How many couples are there in the family?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 1
E. 2
Q.4 What is R's relation with Q?
A. Son in law
B. Husband
C. Wife
D. Sister in law
E. Brother in law

35 | P a g e
Q.5 How many male members in the family?
A. 5
B. 6
C. 3
D. 2
E. 4

ANSWERS
1. C. Aunt
2. D. S is the daughter in law of M.
3. A3
4. E Brother-in-law
5. E4

36 | P a g e
 PART 3
There are seven members in a family i.e. A, B, C, D, E, F,
and G. Among them only two are married couples and only
three are males. A who is unmarried, and F are siblings.
B’s husband has two children. D is the father of F. G is the
niece of A, who is not a male member. B is the mother of
C, who is unmarried. E is not married to F or G.
Q1. Who among the following is Aunt of C?
(a) D
(b) E
(c) G
(d) A
(e) None of these

Q2. Who among the following is the grandmother of G?

(a) E
(b) F
(c) B
(d) C
(e) None of these

Q3. How is B related to A?

(a) Sister
(b) Aunt
(c) Mother
(d) Sister-in-law
(e) Brother

Read the following information carefully and answer the

questions given below.
A # B means ‘A is the son of B’
A $ B means ‘A is the wife of B’
A * B means ‘A is the sister of B’
A @ B means ‘A is the brother of B’

37 | P a g e
A & B means ‘A is the father of B’

Q4. If ‘A # B $ C @ D & E’, which of the following is true?

(a) E is the sister of C
(b) C is an aunt of A
(c) D is the brother-in-law of B
(d) A is the son of D
(e) None is true

Q5. Which of the following shows that R is the daughter-in-law of

S?
(a) Q & R * T @ P # U * S
(b) Q $ R & T @ P * S & U
(c) R & Q * T @ P $ U & S
(d) Q & R $ T @ P # S & U
(e) None of these

There are eight members in the family having three

generations. There are only three married couples. A is
the mother of D. G is son in law of B. H is the nephew of D.
C has only one son. F is the granddaughter of C. E is the
mother of F. D is unmarried.

Q6. How C is related to D?

(a) Father
(b) Mother
(c) Son
(d) Son in law
(e) Brother

Q7. Who among the following is the son-in-law of E?

(a) A
(b) C
(c) H

38 | P a g e
(d) G
(e) None of these

Q8. Who among the following is the niece of D?

(a) C
(b) E
(c) H
(d) F
(e) G

Each of these questions is based on the following

information:
(i) P % Q means P is the father of B.
(ii) P @ Q means P is the sister of B.
(iii) P $ Q means P is the brother of B.
(iv) P * Q means P is the son of B.

Q9. In the expression ‘S $ R % Q @ Y * M’, how is M related to S?

(a) Aunt
(b) Mother
(c) Sister
(d) Sister in law
(e) None of these

Q10. In the expression N @ M * A $ S % Z, how is S related to N?

(a) Aunt
(b) Uncle
(c) Sister
(d) Sister in law
(e) None of these

Study the following information carefully and answer the

given questions:

39 | P a g e
M, P, Q, R, S, T, and W are seven persons of three-generation
living in the same house. There are two married couples in the
house. M is the only daughter of P, who is the paternal
grandfather of T. R is the son of Q. T is the daughter of S. R is the
father of W. T is the sister of W.

Q11. How is M related to S?

(a) Mother-in-law
(b) Sister-in-law
(c) Father in-law
(d) Sister
(e) Can’t determined

Q12. How is W related to R?

(a) Son
(b) Father
(c) Daughter
(d) Can’t determine
(e) Mother

Q13. Which of the following is the pair of “husband-wife”?

(a) P, W
(b) T, M
(c) M, S
(d) Q, M
(e) R, S

Study the following information carefully and answer the

questions given below:
There are Seven Members A, B, C, D, E, F, and L in a family. There
are two married couples and only three generations in the family.
F is the grandmother of B, who is the niece of D. F has one son
and one daughter. C is the brother-in-law of D. L is the
grandfather of E. B has one sibling.

40 | P a g e
Q14. How is F related to the mother of B?
(a) sister
(b) grandmother
(c) daughter
(d) mother
(e) wife

Q15. How is C related to a child of A?

(a) Grandfather
(b) father
(c) Uncle
(d) Brother
(e) Cousin

Read the following information carefully and answer the

question which follows:

IF ‘A × B’ means ‘A is the son of B’

IF ‘A + B’ means ‘A is the daughter of B’
IF ‘A ÷ B’ means ‘A is the wife of B’
IF ‘A – B’ means ‘A is Father of B’

Q16. What will come in the place of the question mark, to

establish that M is the mother of J in the expression?
‘J + K – L ? M’
(a) +
(b) ×
(c) –
(d) ÷
(e) Either (a) or (b)

Which of the following relations are true based upon the

relations given in the question?

41 | P a g e
J ÷ K × L – M + N’?
(a) K is the brother of N
(b) J is the daughter-in-law of M
(c) J is the daughter-in-law of N
(d) N is the daughter of L
(e) None is true

Read the following information carefully and answer the

questions given below:
There are seven members S, T, U, V, W, X, and Y in a family
among them only 3 females. S is married to V. W is the grandson
of V who has two children. U is the sister-in-law of Y who is
unmarried. X is a brother-in-law of S who is mother-in-law of U.

Q18. How X is related to Y?

(a) Uncle
(b) Brother
(c) Mother
(d) Sister
(e) Grandson

Q19. Who among the following is the father of W?

(a) U
(b) T
(c) X
(d) Y
(e) None of these

Study the following information carefully and answer the

questions which follow–
‘P – Q’ means ‘P is the father of Q’
‘P ÷ Q’ means ‘P is the sister of Q’
‘P × Q’ means ‘P is the mother of Q’

42 | P a g e
‘P + Q’ means ‘P is the brother of Q’

Q20. Which of the following means ‘A is nephew of B’?

(a) A + C – B × K
(b) B ÷ H – A + D
(c) B ÷ G – A ÷ R
(d) B + T × A ÷ E
(e) None of these

Q21. Which of the following means ‘P is the grandfather of J’?

(a) J ÷ W – U – P
(b) P × G + J ÷ A
(c) P – B ÷ J ÷ R
(d) P – T – J ÷ S
(e) None of these

Q22. How is R related to B in the expression ‘B ÷ C – S + R’?

(a) aunt
(b) niece
(c) nephew
(d) None of these
(e) Cannot be determined

Study the information carefully and answer the questions

given below.
P is the father of M who is a brother-in-law of K. N is the daughter-
in-law of Z who is the grandmother of L. P has only two children
one son and one daughter. X is sister-in-law of N. P is the father-
in-law of N. K is unmarried.

Q23. If K is the wife of J then what could be the relation of J with

respect to N?

43 | P a g e
(a) Brother
(b) Brother in law
(c) Uncle
(d) Cannot be determined
(e) None of these.

Q24. What is the relation of L with respect to X?

(a) Nephew
(b) Niece
(c) Son
(d) Daughter
(e) Cannot be determined

Study the following information carefully to answer the

given questions

P × Q means P is the father of Q

P ÷ Q means P is the daughter of Q
P + Q means P is the sister of Q
P – Q means P is the husband of Q

Q25. In M ÷ N × O – P, How O related to M?

(a)Brother
(b) Son–in–law
(c)Father
(d)Son
(e)None of these

Q26. In G×T+Q÷M, how is M related to G?

(a)Mother
(b)Sister

44 | P a g e
(c)Wife
(d)Daughter
(e)None of these.

Study the information carefully and answer the questions

given below.
M, N, O, P, Q, and R are six family members. Q is son of P, who is
not the mother of Q. N is brother of P. R and P are a married
couple. O is daughter of R, who is sister of M.

Q27. How many female members are there in the family?

(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
(d) Can’t be determined
(e) None of these

Q28. How is Q related to O?

(a) Mother
(b) Father
(c) Sister
(d) Brother
(e) None of these

Study the following information carefully and answer the

questions which follow–

‘P – Q’ means ‘P is father of Q’
‘P ÷ Q’ means ‘P is sister of Q’
‘P × Q’ means ‘P is mother of Q’
‘P + Q’ means ‘P is brother of Q’

45 | P a g e
Q29. Which of the following means ‘A is nephew of B’?

(a) A + C – B × K
(b) B ÷ H – A + D
(c) B ÷ G – A ÷ R
(d) B + T × A ÷ E
(e) None of these

Q30. Which of the following means ‘P is grandfather of J’?

(a) J ÷ W – U – P
(b) P × G + J ÷ A
(c) P – B ÷ J ÷ R
(d) P – T – J ÷ S
(e) None of these

Study the following information carefully and answer the

given questions.

A @ B means A is father of B
A % B means A is husband of B
A $ B means A is sister of B
A ₤ B means A is mother of B
A ¥ B means A is brother of B

Q31. What should come in place of question mark to make the

expression “E is grandfather of T” true?

E@V?N%R₤T
(a) @
(b) ₤
(c) ¥
(d) %
(e) None of these

46 | P a g e
Q32. Which of the following statements is true if the given
expression is definitely true?

A%L$K₤B¥C
(a) K is sister-in-law of A
(b) C is daughter of K
(c) A is father of B
(d) C is son of L
(e) None of these

Q33. Which of the following expressions, if true, makes “N is

sister of R” true?

(a) F ₤ U @ N $ K ¥ R
(b) N $ F ₤ K ¥ R $ U
(c) R $ U ¥ K $ N
(d) N ₤ F $ K ¥ R $ U
(e) None of these

Study the following information carefully to answer the

given questions
M is daughter of N and sister of L. K is daughter of L and
granddaughter of G. F is sister-in-law of M. L is only sibling of M.

Q34.How is K related to N?

(a)Grandson
(b)Granddaughter
(c)Daughter
(d)Daughter-in-law
(e)None of these

Q35. How is F related to G?

47 | P a g e
(a)Daughter
(b)Mother
(c)Daughter-in-law
(d)Mother-in-law
(e)None of these

Q36. X is married to Y. Y is mother of Z. Z is sister of V. Y has only

one daughter. V is married to W. R is son of W. T is mother of W.
How is X related to R ?

(a)Grandfather
(b)Father
(c)Uncle
(d)Father-in-law
(e)None of these

Study the following information carefully and answer the

questions given below:
K is the daughter-in-law of F. K is the daughter of V. V has two
children. R is the grandson of T. F has only one son. T is not
married to V. P is the mother of X and married to M. F is the father
of J. M is the sibling of K. M has no son.

Q37. If W is the father of M, then how is V related to R?

(a) Grand Mother

(b) Grand Father
(c) Sister
(d) Brother
(e) Husband

Q38. How is P related to K?

48 | P a g e
(a) Mother
(b) Father-in-law
(c) Sister-in-law
(d) Brother
(e) Husband

Q39. How is X related to K?

(a) Mother
(b) Nephew
(c) Sister
(d) Niece
(e) Husband

Study the following information carefully to answer the

given questions:
In a family D is the son-in-law of W. U is the brother-in-law of E. S
is the only child of E. J is married to U. Q is the granddaughter of
W. L is the son of S. W is the wife of E. E has no sister.

Q40. How is S related to U?

(a) Mother
(b) Niece
(c) Uncle
(d) Brother
(e)None of these

Q41. How is L related to Q?

(a) Mother
(b) Sister
(c) Uncle
(d) Brother

49 | P a g e
(e) None of these

Q42. How is J related to W?

(a) Mother-in-law
(b) Sister-in-law
(c) Uncle
(d) Brother
(e) None of these

Study the following information carefully and answer the

given questions.
In a family of eight members in which five female members. G is
son-in-law of A, who is married to B. B is mother of two daughters.
F is brother-in-law of H. D is the mother of M and N. F is a married
member of a family.

Q43. How is M related to B?

(a) Grandson
(b) Granddaughter
(c) Son
(d) Either (a) or (b)
(e) Cannot be determined

Q44. How is H related to M?

(a) Grandmother
(b) Mother
(c) Sister
(d) Maternal Aunt
(e) None of these

Q45. How is F related to A?

50 | P a g e
(a) Son
(b) Brother
(c) Son-in-law
(d) Brother-in-law
(e) None of these

Study the following information carefully and answer the

questions given below.
There are eight persons in a family. In this family there are three
married couples and three generations. P is grandfather of T. V is
daughter-in-law of Q, who is mother of O. U is father-in-law of V. O
is granddaughter of R. T is not unmarried. S is brother-in-law of U.
R has only one daughter.

Q46. Who among the following is grandson of R?

(a) O
(b) T
(c) V
(d) U
(e) None of these

Q47. Who among the following niece of S?

(a) Q
(b) R
(c) T
(d) O
(e) None of these

Q48. Who among the following is father of T?

(a) Q

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(b) S
(c) U
(d) R
(e) None of these

Q49. There are two generation and two married couple in

the family. There are five members in this family. A is
mother-in-law of B. D is father of C. A has only one son. C
is nephew of E. B is not married to D. E is unmarried
women. Then who among the following is father-in-law of
B?

(a) D
(b) A
(c) C
(d) E
(e) None of these

Q50. Introducing a boy, a girl says, “He is the son of the

only sister of my mother’s brother.” How is the boy
related to that girl?
(a) Father-in-law
(b) Brother
(c) Cousin
(d) Niece
(e) Son

Study the following information carefully and answer the

given questions:
A, D, B, C, E, F, H and G are eight persons of a family. There are
three married couple and three generation. A is the only daughter
of D, who is the paternal grandfather of E. G is the only child of C.
F is mother in law of B. The number of males in the family is two

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more than number of females. E is unmarried. C is the son-in-law
of D. H is not married to D.

Q51. How is A related to E?

(a) Mother
(b) Sister
(c) Father
(d) brother
(e) None of these

Q52. How is F related to A?

(a) Son
(b) Father
(c) Daughter
(d) Mother
(e) None of these

Q53. Which of the following is the pair of “husband-wife”?

(a) D, B
(b) C, D
(c) A, C
(d) E, B
(e) F, G

Q54. If ‘A $ B’ means ‘A is the son of B’, ‘A @ B’ means ‘A

is the mother of B, ‘A % B’ means ‘A is son-in law of B and
‘A # B’ means ‘A is the daughter of B’ then in ‘P $ R # M %
N’ how is N related to R?

(a) Daughter
(b) Grandfather

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(c) Grandmother
(d) Can’t determined
(e) None of these

Q55. Pointing towards a girl in a Photograph R, who is a

female said, “she is the only daughter of the son of my
mother’s father’s only sister. How is R related to that girl?

(a) Paternal Aunt

(b) Daughter
(c) Cousin
(d) Maternal Aunt
(e) None of these

ANSWER (PART 3 )

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 Ans1. d Ans11. b Ans21. d Ans31. c Ans41. d Ans51. e

Ans2. a Ans12. d Ans22. e Ans32. a Ans42. b Ans52. d

Ans3. d Ans13. e Ans23. b Ans33. a Ans43. b Ans53. c

Ans4. c Ans14. d Ans24. e Ans34. b Ans44. d Ans54. d

Ans5. d Ans15. b Ans25. a Ans35. c Ans45. c

Ans6. a Ans16. e Ans26. c Ans36. a Ans46. b

Ans7. d Ans17. c Ans27. d Ans37. a Ans47. d

Ans8. d Ans18. a Ans28. d Ans38. c Ans48. c

Ans9. d Ans19. b Ans29. b Ans39. d Ans49. a

Ans10. b Ans20. b Ans30. d Ans40. b Ans50. b

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