Blood Relations – Notes
Definition:
Blood relation problems test your ability to understand and deduce relationships among
family members. These are usually solved using logic, diagrams, or symbols.
1. Key Points to Remember
1. Relationship Types
o Direct relations: Father, mother, son, daughter, brother, sister.
o Extended relations: Grandfather, grandmother, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece,
cousin.
2. Gender Clues
o Words like “mother,” “sister,” “daughter” indicate female.
o Words like “father,” “brother,” “son” indicate male.
3. Generation Clues
o Parents → 1 generation above
o Grandparents → 2 generations above
o Children → 1 generation below
o Grandchildren → 2 generations below
4. Common Phrases
o “Mother of my father” → Grandmother
o “Brother of my mother” → Maternal uncle
o “Son of my uncle” → Cousin
o “Father’s father” → Paternal grandfather
2. Tips & Tricks
1. Use Symbols
o Male: ♂ or M
o Female: ♀ or F
o Example: “A is the father of B” → A ♂ → B
2. Use Generations
o Draw a family tree whenever possible.
3. Step-by-Step Approach
Identify the person in question.
1.
Determine gender.
2.
Trace direct relationships (father, mother, son, daughter).
3.
Determine indirect relationships (uncle, aunt, cousin, etc.).
4.
4. Key Words
Term Meaning
Brother Male sibling
Term Meaning
Sister Female sibling
Uncle Father’s or mother’s brother
Aunt Father’s or mother’s sister
Nephew Son of sibling
Niece Daughter of sibling
Cousin Son/daughter of uncle/aunt
3. Common Question Patterns
1. Direct Relation
o Example: “A is father of B. B is mother of C. How is A related to C?” →
Grandfather/Grandmother
2. Coded Relation
o Sometimes letters or symbols represent family members.
o Solve by decoding step by step.
3. Generation + Gender Clues
o Words like “elder,” “younger,” “only child” can help identify position in
family tree.
4. Mixed Statements
o Multiple relations given; build a family diagram to find the answer.
4. Strategy to Solve Quickly
Step 1: Start from the person mentioned in the question.
Step 2: Identify their parents, siblings, and children as given.
Step 3: Work stepwise through each relation.
Step 4: Always check gender and generation.
5. Example Problems
Example 1:
A is the brother of B. B is the mother of C. How is A related to C?
A → brother of B → B → mother of C → A → maternal uncle of C
Example 2:
P’s father is Q. Q’s mother is R. How is R related to P?
R → mother of Q → grandmother of P
6. Shortcut Tips for Exams
“Father of my father” → Grandfather
“Mother of my mother” → Grandmother
“Brother of my father” → Uncle
“Sister of my mother” → Aunt
“Son of my uncle” → Cousin (male)
“Daughter of my aunt” → Cousin (female)
