Republic of the Philippines
CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY
Trece Martires City Campus
🕾(0977)8033809
www.cvsu.edu.ph
Department of Information and Technology
Name: Importado, Andhy B. Date Submitted:
Course/Year/Section: BSIT 3-9 Points Earned: /20
OBA 1
Fundamentals of Arduino
Overview
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It consists of a
microcontroller, a development environment (IDE), and a variety of shields and components that facilitate
interactive projects.
1. Arduino Boards
Microcontrollers: The core of Arduino boards typically includes AVR microcontrollers, such as the ATmega328
found in the Arduino Uno. Different boards offer varying capabilities (e.g., processing power, input/output pins).
Popular Boards:
Arduino Uno: Most common, suitable for beginners.
Arduino Mega: More I/O pins, ideal for complex projects.
Arduino Nano: compact, breadboard-friendly version.
2. Development Environment (IDE)
Software: The Arduino IDE is a cross-platform application that allows users to write, compile, and upload code to
the Arduino board.
Programming Language: Arduino uses a simplified version of C/C++. It includes functions, libraries, and syntax
specific to Arduino development.
3.Basic Components
Input Devices: Sensors (temperature, light, motion) gather data from the environment.
Output Devices: Actuators (motors, LEDs, speakers) perform actions based on processed input.
Communication: Arduino supports various communication protocols (I2C, SPI, UART) for connecting to other
devices and modules.
4. Programming Basics
Sketch: The name for an Arduino program, which includes two main functions:
-'setup()`: Runs once at the start for initialization.
- `loop()`: Runs repeatedly for the main program logic.
Libraries: Pre-written code that simplifies complex tasks, like controlling motors or reading sensor data.
5. Projects and Applications
Prototyping: Used widely in prototyping for robotics, IoT devices, and interactive art.
Education: Popular in educational settings for teaching electronics and programming concepts.
6. Community and Resources
Open Source: The Arduino community shares designs, libraries, and projects, promoting collaboration.
Documentation: Extensive online resources, tutorials, and forums support users of all levels.
7. Expansion and Shield
Shields: Add-on boards that stack on top of Arduino boards, providing additional functionality like Wi-Fi, Ethernet,
or motor control.
Modules: Various modules (e.g., GPS, Bluetooth) can enhance projects, allowing for more complex interactions.
Conclusion
Arduino's user-friendly approach makes it accessible for hobbyists, educators, and professionals alike.
Understanding its fundamentals equips users to create a wide range of innovative electronic projects.
Reference:
https://www.instructables.com
