State: TAMILNADU

Agriculture Contingency Plan District: THOOTHUKODI

1.0 District Agriculture profile
1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone
Agro Ecological Region / Sub Region Eastern Ghat (T.N. Uplands) semi-arid ecosubregion (8.3 )
(ICAR)
Agro-Climatic Region (Planning East Coast Plains and Hills Region (XI)
Commission)
Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Southern Zone
List all the districts or part thereof falling Tuticorin
under the NARP Zone
Geographic coordinates of district Latitude Longitude Altitude
8.48’09.29” N 78.08’42.5” E
Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ Agricultural Research Station, Kovilpatti
ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS
Mention the KVK located in the district SCAD- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Vagaikulam

1.2 Rainfall Average (mm) Normal Onset Normal Cessation

( specify week and month) (specify week and month)
SW monsoon (June-Sep): 33 - -

NE Monsoon(Oct-Dec): 445 1st week of October 2nd Week of December

Winter (Jan- March) 81 - -
Summer (Apr-May) 68 - -
Annual 626 - -
1.3 Land use Geographical area Forest Land under Permanent Cultivable Land under Barren and Current Other fallows
pattern of the area non- pastures wasteland Misc. tree uncultivable Fallows (%)
district (latest (%) agricultural use (%) (%) crops and land (%)
statistics) (%) groves (%)
(%)
Area (000’ ha) 470.7 11.0 76.3 5.1 53.9 39.4 19.8 14.3 74.9
(2.34%) (16.22%) (1.09%) (11.46%) (8.38%) (4.22%) (3.05 %) (15.91%)

1.4 Major Soils Area (000’ ha) Percent (%) of total

Deep black soils 209.6 45.7

Very deep black soils 88.7 19.3
Moderately deep black soils 35.2 7.7
Moderately deep red soils 30.3 6.6
Deep red soils 26.9 5.7

1.5 Agricultural land use Cropping Intensity

Net sown area 169.7 104.0

Area sown more than once 6.9

Gross cropped area 176.6

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1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%)

Net irrigated area 40.1 23.70

Gross irrigated area 46.8 25.44

Rainfed area 129.6 76.30

Sources of Irrigation Number Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%)

Canals 4 canals 11.8 28.4

Tanks 634 tanks 10.1 24.3

Open wells 22791

Bore wells 99 1.1 2.7

Lift irrigation
Other sources -
Total 23.4 55.7
Pumpsets 684
Micro-irrigation 1.047 (1047ha)
Groundwater availability and use No. of Blocks % area Quality of water
Over exploited 7 69 Salinity level: 28 % good, 32% moderate and 25% poor
Critical 1 11 Residual Sodium Carbonate: 96% good and 4% moderate
Semi- critical 4 20 Sodium Adsorption Ratio:93 % good and 7% moderate
Safe - -
Wastewater availability and use Data not available

*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: <70%

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 Area under major field crops & horticulture etc.
*If break-up data (irrigated, rainfed) is not available, give total area

1.7 Crops Area (000’ha)*

Kharif Rabi Summer Total
Major Field Crops cultivated Irrigated Rainfed Irrigated Rainfed
1 Paddy 6.0 - 8.6 - 3.3 18.0
2 Blackgram - 1.3 0.06 34.1 - 35.5
3 Green gram 0.01 - 0.08 30.4 - 30.5
4 Pearl millet - - 0.1 11.0 - 11.1
5 Maize - 0.04 1.1 6.2 - 7.4
6 Sorghum - - 0.1 7.4 - 7.5

Horticulture crops - Fruits Total area Irrigated Rainfed

1 Banana 10.2 10.2 -

Horticultural crops - Vegetables Total area Irrigated Rainfed

1 Chillies 15.2 2.5 12.7
2 Coriander 4.7 - 4.7
3 Onion 1.0 0.1 0.9
4 Drumstick 1.6 1.5 0.5

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 Medicinal and Aromatic crops Total area Irrigated Rainfed
1 Medicinal and Aromatic crops - - -
Plantation crops Total area Irrigated Rainfed
1 Coconut 6.3 6374.6 10.1
2 Palmarah 3.2 2.5 3279.8
Fodder crops Total area Irrigated Rainfed
1 Fodder sorghum 8.0 0.06 8.0
Total fodder crop area 8.0 0.08 8.0
Grazing land - - -
Sericulture etc - - -
Others (Specify) - -

1.8 Livestock (17th Livestock Census) Male (‘000) Female (‘000) Total (‘000)

Non descriptive Cattle (local low yielding) 59.3 242.5 301.8

Crossbred cattle 131.4 525.6 657.1

Non descriptive Buffaloes (local low yielding) 319.1

Graded Buffaloes
Goat 318.3

Sheep 540.7

Others (Pig, dog etc.) 6.9

Commercial dairy farms (Number)

1.9 Poultry (17th Livestock Census) No. of farms Total No. of birds (‘000)
Commercial 44.1
Backyard 360.6
1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)

A. Capture

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 i) Marine (Data Source: Fisheries No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storage facilities (Ice
Department) plants etc.)
Mechanized Non- Mechanized Non-mechanized
mechanized (Trawl nets, (Shore Seines,
Gill nets) Stake & trap nets)

69558 345 4287 345 -- 19

No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks

ii) Inland (Data Source: Fisheries
Department) Nil Nil 1

B. Culture

Water Spread Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (‘000 tons)

i) Brackish water (Data Source: MPEDA/ Fisheries 400 ---

Department)
ii) Fresh water (Data Source: Fisheries Department) 11926 --- 1920 kg

Others

1.11 Production and Productivity of Kharif Rabi Summer Total

major crops (Average of last 3
Production Productivity Production Productivity Production Productivity Production Productivity
years: 2006, 07, 08)
('000 t) (kg/ha) ('000 t) (kg/ha) ('000 t) (kg/ha) ( t) (kg/ha)
1 Paddy - 4127 - 4147 - 2802 73192 3692

2 Black gram - - - - - - 12768 533

3 Green gram - - - - - - 11595 522

4 Pearl millet - - - - - - 29988 3749

5 Maize - - - - - - 22498 3749

Othe - - -- - - - - -
rs

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 Major Horticultural crops
1 Chillies 5074 488
2 Coriander 1194 231
3 Banana 618720 65835
4 Coconut 472 (Lakh t) 7946
(Nuts/ha)

1.12 Sowing window for 5 major Crop 1 (specify): Crop 2: Crop 3: Crop 4: Crop 5:
crops (start and end of sowing Paddy Blackgram Green gram Pearl millet Maize
period)
Kharif- Rainfed - - - - -
Kharif-Irrigated 1st week of June to 1st - - - -
week of July
Rabi- Rainfed - 4th week of October to 2nd 4th week of 4th week of October 4th week of October to
week of November October to 2nd to 2nd week of 2nd week of November
week of November
November
Rabi-Irrigated 4th week of October to 3rd - - - 4th week of October to
week of November 2nd week of November

1.13 What is the major contingency the district is

prone to? (Tick mark and mention years if known Regular Occasional None
during the last 10 year period)
Drought - √ -
Flood - √ -
Cyclone - - √
Hail storm - - √
Heat wave - - √
Cold wave - - √
Frost - - √
Sea water inundation - - √
Pests and diseases (specify) - - √

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1.14 Include Digital maps of the district Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes
for
Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes
Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: Yes

Annexure 1. Location map of Thoothukudi district and the blocks

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 Annexure 2. Mean annual rainfall of Thoothukudi district
of Tamil Nadu
250

202
200
Rainfall (mm)

150
129
114

100

46
50 33
24 24 22 20
4 6 3
0
Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

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Annexure 3. Soil Map of Thoothukudi district

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 2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies

2.1 Drought

2.1.1 Rainfed situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Early season Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping Agronomic measures Remarks on
drought (delayed situation system Implementation
onset)
Black gram Green gram (VBN 4, Mechanical sowing with Department of
Delay by 2 weeks Deep and very deep Co 6) No change tractor drawn seed drill as the Agriculture
( October 4th week) black soils Pearlmillet sowing window is narrow
Maize
Chilles Seed hardening-(18 hrs.
Sorghum No Change soaking in water followed by
Cotton 24 hrs. shade drying
Broad bed furrows

Deep Redsoil Sorghum + Cow pea

Delay by 4 weeks Deep and very deep Black gram Sunflower (Co 4 and private Mechanical sowing with
(November black soils Green gram hybrids) tractor drawn seed drill as the
2nd week ) Maize sowing window is narrow
Chilles Pearl millet ( CO 7, CO (Cu) 9,
Sorghum X 7, ICMV 221) Soil test based integrated
Cotton Finger millet nutrient management
Minor millets (Fox tail millet,
Little millet) Seed hardening-(18 hrs.
Coriander (PKM1) soaking in water followed by
Bengal gram 24 hrs. shade drying

Deep Red soil Sorghum + Cow pea Sunflower (Co 4 and private Broad bed furrows
hybrids)
Pearl millet ( CO 7, CO (Cu) 9, 10% excess seed rate
X 7, ICMV 221)

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 Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping Agronomic measures Remarks on
drought (delayed situation system Implementation
onset)
Compartmental bund

Thinning and crop residue

mulching

Foliar Nutrition
(Urea: 1-2%, KCl: 2%, KNO3:
2%)

Delay by 6 weeks Deep and very deep Black gram Medicinal senna (KKM1) Seed hardening-(18 hrs. Department of
( November 4thweek black soils Green gram Fodder Sorghum (Co 27, K11) soaking in water followed by Agriculture
week) Maize Horse gram 24 hrs. shade drying
Chilles Mixed crop of Senna + Inter-cultivation
Sorghum Coriander + Bengal gram Broad bed furrow
Cotton 10% excess seed rate

Thinning and crop residue

Red Soil Sorghum + Cow pea Medicinal senna (KKM1) mulching
Fodder Sorghum (Co 27, K11)
Horse gram
Delay by 8 weeks Deep and very deep Black gram Mixed crop of Medicinal Seed hardening-(18 hrs.
(December 2nd week) black soils Green gram Senna+Coriander+Bengal gram soaking in water followed by
Maize Medicinal senna (KKM1) 24 hrs. shade drying
Chilles Periwinkle Inter-cultivation
Sorghum Horse gram Department of
Cotton Broad bed furrow Agriculture

Red soil Sorghum + Cow pea Medicinal senna (KKM1) 10% excess seed rate
Periwinkle crop residue mulching
Horse gram

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Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping Crop management Soil management Remarks on
drought (Normal situation system Implementation
onset, followed by Deep and very deep Blackgram Re sowing/gap filling Application of Organic manure Department of
15-20 days dry spell black soils Greengram Supplemental irrigation (farm 12.5 t/ha Agriculture
after sowing leading Pearlmillet ponds) using micro irrigation system Soil test based integrated
to poor Maize Thinning to retain one seedling at 30 nutrient management
germination/crop cm Broad bed furrows
Chillies
stand etc.) Crop residue mulching Thinning
Sorghum Dust (soil) mulching
Cotton

Re sowing/gap filling Application of Organic manure

Red soil Sorghum + Cow pea Supplemental irrigation (farm 12.5 t/ha
ponds) using micro irrigation system Soil test based integrated
Thinning to retain one seedling at 30 nutrient management
cm Compartmental bund
Crop residue mulching Thinning
Dust (soil) mulching

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 Suggested Contingency measures
Condition
Mid season drought Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping Crop management Soil management Remarks on
(long dry spell) situation system Implementation

Blackgram Life saving irrigation using Application of Organic

At vegetative stage Deep and very deep Greengram microirrigation system manure 12.5 t/ha Department of
black soils Pearlmillet 1% Kcl spray Soil test based integrated Agriculture
Maize 3% Kaoline spray nutrient management
0.1ppm Brasinosteriod spray Broad bed furrows
Chillies
100ppm Salicylic acid Thinning
Sorghum Water spray Dust (soil) mulching
Cotton

Red Soil Sorghum + Cow pea Life saving irrigation using Application of Organic
microirrigation system manure 12.5 t/ha
1% Kcl spray Soil test based integrated
3% Kaoline spray nutrient management
0.1ppm Brasinosteriod spray Compartmental bund
100ppm Salicylic acid Thinning
Water spray Dust (soil) mulching

Mid season drought Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping Crop management Soil management Remarks on
(long dry spell) situation system Implementation
At reproductive Deep and very deep Blackgram Life saving irrigation (From constructed ___ Department of
stage black soils Greengram farm ponds) Agriculture
Pearlmillet Weeding and Weed mulching
Maize 1% Kcl spray
3 %Kaoline spray
Chillies
0.1ppm Brasinosteriod spray
Sorghum 100ppm Salicylic acid
Cotton Water spray

Red Soil Sorghum + Cow pea ---do---

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Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Terminal drought Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil management Remarks on
situation Implementation
Deep and very deep Blackgram Harvest at physiological maturity === Department of
black soils Greengram stage Agriculture
Pearlmillet Water spray
Maize
Chillies
Sorghum
Cotton

----do----
Red soil Sorghum + Cow pea

2.1.2 Irrigated situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Major Farming Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation system Implementation
Delayed/ limited Low land tank/tube Paddy (ASD 16, 17, 18 and SRI method of rice cultivation Limited irrigation with Department of
release of water in well /canal irrigated ADT 42,43 and CO 47) Maize mulching Agriculture
canals due to low black soil
rainfall
Banana (Vayal Vazhai, Banana (Leaf purpose) Drip irrigation with
Poovan, Grand Naine) Chillies (K 1, PKM 1) mulching
Non release of Paddy (ASD 16, 17, 18 and Short duration Pulses 2% DAP spray for Department of
water in canals ADT 42,43 and CO 47) pulses Agriculture
under delayed
onset of monsoon
in catchment Banana (Vayal Vazhai, Application of Organic
Poovan, Grand Naine) manure 12.5 t/ha

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 Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Major Farming Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation system Implementation
Lack of inflows Low land tank/ tube Paddy (ASD 16, 17, 18 and Rainfed maize and Short 2% DAP spray for pulses Department of
into tanks due to well canal irrigated ADT 42,43 and CO 47) duration Pulses Conservation Furrow Agriculture
insufficient black soil Thinning
/delayed onset of Soil test based integrated
monsoon nutrient management
Application of Organic
manure 12.5 t/ha
Banana (Vayal Vazhai, =
Poovan, Grand Naine)
Insufficient Irrigated black soil Paddy (ASD 16, 17, 18 and Maize, pulses,vegetables Limited irrigation
groundwater (Tube and open ADT 42,43 and CO 47) (Chilli, tomato and Brinjal)
recharge due to well)
low rainfall
= Alternate Furrow irrigation
Banana (Vayal Vazhai, Drip irrigation
Poovan, Grand Naine)

2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)

Condition Suggested contingency measure

k
Continuous high rainfall in a short span Vegetative stage Flowering stagel Crop maturity stagem Post harvestn
leading to water logging
Paddy ProvideDrainage Mechanical drying and Shift to safer
place against storage pest and disease
Black gram -do- do
Green gram do do
Maize -do- do
Sorghum -Do- do
Horticulture
Banana -Do- Cold storage

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Chilli Mechanical drying and Safe storage
-Do-
against storage pest and disease
Heavy rainfall with high speed winds in a short span2
Banana Drainage, erection of Drainage, erection of
Drainage erection of wind
supporting poles wind supporting poles wind Cold storage
breaks and shelter belts
breaks and shelter belts breaks and shelter belts
Chillies Drainage and erection Drainage and erection of
Drainage and erection of
of wind breaks and live wind breaks and live Mechanical drying and cold storage
wind breaks and live fences
fences fences
Outbreak of pests and diseases due to unseasonal rains
Paddy Integrated Pest and Disease Integrated Pest and - Safe storage against storage pest and
Black gram Management for, paddy, Disease Management diseases
Green gram pluses, maize and sorghum for, paddy, pluses,
maize and sorghum
Maize
Sorghum
Horticulture
Banana - Integrated Pest and Integrated Pest and
Disease Management Disease Management Cold storage
Chillies Integrated Pest and Disease Integrated Pest and
Management Disease -do-

2.3 Floods
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Transient water logging/ partial Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
inundation1
Paddy - Harvest and mechanical drying
Pulses -do- -do-
Horticulture
Banana Provide Drainage
Chillies Provide Drainage
Continuous submergence for more than 2 days2
Paddy - Harvest and mechanical drying
Pulses Provide Drainage Harvest and mechanical drying
Horticulture
Chillies Provide Drainage Cold storage

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Banana Provide Drainage Cold storage
3
Sea water inundation NA

2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone

Extreme event type Suggested contingency measurer
Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Heat Wavep

Cold waveq

Frost
Horticulture
Hailstorm

Cyclone
Horticulture
Banana Drainage, erection of wind breaks and shelter belts Drainage, erection of
Drainage, erection of upporting
supporting poles
poles wind breaks and shelter Cold storage
wind breaks and shelter belts and
belts and Propping
Propping

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 2.5 Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries:
Suggested contingency measures

Before the event During the event After the event

Drought

Feed and Sowing of cereals (Sorghum) and leguminous Harvest and use all the failed crop (Paddy, Sorghum, Flushing the stock to recoup
Fodder crops (Lucerne, Horsegram, Cowpea) during Maize, Bajra, Green gram, Blackgram, Horse Gram etc.,) Replenish the feed and fodder banks
North-East monsoon under dry land system material as fodder.
availability Supply of quality seeds of COFS 29,
for fodder production. Harvest all the top fodder available (Subabul, Glyricidia, Stylo and fodder slips of Co3, Co4,
Fodder production with Sorghum – stylo- Agathi, Prosopis etc) and feed the LS during drought
guinea grass well before monsoon to
Sorghum on rotation basis. In severe drought don’t allow for grazing and try to stall fed
the animals the farmers and encourage to grow by
As the district is moderately prone to draught, input subsidy
Silage / hay, UMMB and mineral mixture should be
all the available crop residues especially supplied on subsidy to the farmers having high productive
paddy straw, sorghum /Bajra/maize stover livestock
should be stored properly in the farm of hay
at individual farmer level. Transport dry fodder bales from the fodder grid at DLF,
Hosur to the drought affected villages
Training to farmers on silage, Azolla
cultivation All the hay should be enriched with 2% Urea molasses
solution or 1% common salt solution and fed to LS
Create awareness on establishment of pasture
with drought resistant fodder Varities like Herd should be split and supplementation should be given
Guinea grass, stylo, kolukkattai grass, Acacia only to the highly productive and breeding animals during
trees, etc. severe drought

Creation of tree fodder models with Subabul, Provision of emergency grazing/feeding (Cow-calf camps
Glyricidia, Agathi, etc for tree fodder or other special arrangements to protect high productive &
production during summer. breeding stock) during severe drought

Encouraging farmers to cultivate short-term Encourage mixing available kitchen waste with dry fodder
fodder crops like sunhemp. while feeding to the milch animals

Chopping of fodder should be made as Arrangements should be made for mobilization of small
mandatory in every village through supply ruminants across the districts where no drought exits
and establishment of good quality crop Unproductive livestock should to be culled during severe
cutters. drought
Creation of permanent fodder, feed and Create transportation and marketing facilities for the culled
fodder seed banks in all drought prone and unproductive animals (10000-20000 animals)

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 villages Subsidized loans (5-10 crores) should be provided to the
Capacity building and preparedness of the livestock keepers
stakeholders and official staff for the
unexpected events

Cyclone Harvest all the possible wetted grain (Rice/ Treatment of the sick, injured and affected animals through Repair of animal shed
sorghum /Bajra/maize /blackgram etc) and arrangement of mobile emergency veterinary hospitals / Deworm the animals through mass
use as animal feed. rescue animal health workers. camps
As the district is chronically prone for Diarrhea out break may happen. Health camps should be Vaccinate against possible disease out
cyclone, arrange for storing minimum organized breaks like HS, BQ, FMD and PPR
required quantity of hay (25-50 kg) and In severe cases un-tether or let loose the animals Proper dispose of the dead animals /
concentrates (10-25 kg) per animal in
Arrange transportation of highly productive animals to safer carcasses by burning / deep burying (4-
farmer’s / LS keepers house/ shed for feeding
place 8 feet) with lime powder (1kg for small
during cyclone.
Spraying of fly repellants in animal sheds ruminants and 5kg for large ruminants)
Stock of anti-diarrheal drugs and electrolytes in pit
should be made available for emergency
Bleach / chlorinate (0.1%) drinking
transport
water or water resources
Don’t allow the animals for grazing in case of
Collect drowned crop material, dry it
early forewarning (EFW) of cyclone
and store for future use
Incase of EFW of severe cyclone, shift the
Sowing of short duration fodder crops
animals to safer places.
in unsown and water logged areas when
crops are damaged and no chance to
replant
Application of urea (20-25kg/ha) in the
inundated areas and CPR’s to enhance
the bio mass production.

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Floods In case of early forewarning (EFW), harvest Transportation of animals to elevated areas Repair of animal shed
all the crops that can be useful as fodder in Proper hygiene and sanitation of the animal shed Bring back the animals to the shed
future (store properly)
In severe storms, un-tether or let loose the animals Cleaning and disinfection of the shed
Don’t allow the animals for grazing if severe
Avoid soaked and mould infected feeds / fodders to Bleach (0.1%) drinking water / water
floods are forewarned
livestock sources
Keep stock of bleaching powder and lime
Emergency outlet establishment for required medicines or Deworming with broad spectrum
Carry out Butax spray for control of external
feed in each village dewormers
parasites
Spraying of fly repellants in animal sheds Proper disposable of the dead animals /
Identify the Clinical staff and trained paravets
carcasses by burning / deep burying (4-
and indent for their services as per schedules
8 feet) with lime powder (1kg for small
Identify the volunteers who can serve in need ruminants and 5kg for large ruminants)
of emergency in pit
Arrangement for transportation of animals Drying the harvested crop material and
from low lying area to safer places and also proper storage for use as fodder.
for rescue animal health workers to get
involve in rescue operations
Capacity building and preparedness of the

stakeholders and official staff for the

unexpected events

Heat &
NA
Cold wave

Health and Procure and stock emergency medicines and Carryout deworming to all animals entering into relief Keep close surveillance on disease
vaccines for important endemic diseases of camps outbreak.
Disease
the area Identification and quarantine of sick animals Undertake the vaccination depending
managemen
All the stock must be immunized for on need
t Constitution of Rapid Action Veterinary Force
endemic diseases of the area Keep the animal houses clean and spray
Performing ring vaccination (8 km radius) in case of any
Anthrax disinfectants Farmers should be advised
outbreak
Vaccination against Anthrax during October, to breed their milch animals during

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 December and Jaunary in Thoothukudi, Restricting movement of livestock in case of any epidemic July-September so that the peak milk
Srivaikundam blocks production does not coincide with mid
Rescue of sick and injured animals and their treatment
Foot and Mouth Disease summer
Organize with community, daily lifting of dung from relief
Vaccination against FMD during September
camps
and October in Ettayapuram and Thoothukudi
blocks
Blue Tongue
Vaccination against Blue tongue disease
during October and November in Kovilpatti,
Vilathikulam, Ottapidaram, Karunkulam,
Srivaikundam, Pudur and Ettayapuram
blocks.
PPR
Vaccination against PPR disease during
October and November in Ottapidaram block
Surveillance and disease monitoring network
to be established at Joint Director (Animal
Husbandry) office in the district
Adequate refreshment training on draught
/flood/cyclone management to be given to
VAS, Jr.VAS, LI with regard to health &
management measures.

Procure and stock multivitamins & area

specific mineral mixture

Insurance Encouraging insurance of livestock Listing out the details of the dead animals Submission for insurance claim and
availing insurance benefit
Purchase of new productive animals

Drinking Identification of water resources Restrict wallowing of animals in water bodies/resources Bleach (0.1%) drinking water / water
water Desilting of ponds sources

Rain water harvesting and create water Provide clean drinking water
bodies/watering points (when water is scarce
use only as drinking water for animals)
Construction of drinking water tanks in

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 herding places/village junctions/relief camp
locations
Community drinking water trough can be
arranged in shandies /community grazing
areas

Vaccination schedule in small ruminants (Sheep & Goat)

Disease Season

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) Preferably in winter / autumn

PPR All seasons, preferably in June-July

Black quarter (BQ) May / June

Enterotoxaemia (ET) May

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) March / June

Sheep pox (SP) December / march

Vaccination programme for cattle and buffalo:

Disease Age and season at vaccination

Anthrax In endemic areas only, Feb to May

HS May to June

BQ May to June

FMD November to December

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 2.5.2 Poultry

Suggested contingency measures

Drought Before the eventa During the event After the event

Shortage of feed ingredients Storing of house hold grain like maize, broken rice, Supplementation only for productive Supplementation to all
bajra etc, birds with house hold grain
Culling of weak birds Supplementation of shell grit (calcium)
for laying birds

Drinking water Rain water harvesting Sanitation of drinking water Give sufficient water as per
the bird’s requirement

Health and disease management Culling of sick birds. Mixing of Vit. A,D,E, K and B-complex Hygienic and sanitation of
including vit C in drinking water poultry house
Deworming and vaccination against RD and IBD
Disposal of dead birds by
burning / burying with line
powder in pit

Floods

Shortage of feed ingredients In case of EFW, shift the birds to safer place Use stored feed as supplement Routine practices are
Storing of house hold grain like maize, broken rice, Don’t allow for scavenging followed
bajra etc,
Culling of weak birds

Drinking water Provide clean drinking water Sanitation of drinking water Sanitation of drinking water

Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder in drinking Sanitation of poultry house Disposal of dead birds by
water to prevent any disease outbreak Treatment of affected birds burning / burying with line
powder in pit
Prevent water logging surrounding the
sheds Disposal of poultry manure
to prevent protozoal
Assure supply of electricity
problem
Sprinkle lime powder to prevent

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 ammonia accumulation due to dampness Supplementation of
coccidiostats in feed
Vaccination against RD

Cyclone

Shortage of feed ingredients In case of EFW, shift the birds to safer place Use stored feed as supplement Routine practices are
Storing of house hold grain like maize, broken rice, Don’t allow for scavenging followed
bajra etc, Protect from thunder storms
Culling of weak birds

Drinking water Use water sanitizers or offer cool drinking

water

Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder in drinking Sanitation of poultry house Disposal of dead birds
water to prevent any disease outbreak Treatment of affected birds by burning / deep
burying with lime
Prevent water logging surrounding the sheds
powder in pit
Assure supply of electricity
Disposal of poultry
Sprinkle lime powder (5-10g per square feet) to manure to prevent
prevent ammonia accumulation due to protozoal problem
dampness
Supplementation of
coccidiostats in feed
Vaccination against
Ranikhet Disease
(0.5ml S/c)

Heat wave and cold wave

NA
a
based on forewarning wherever available

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 2.5.3 Fisheries/ Aquaculture

Suggested contingency measures

a
Before the event During the event After the event

1) Drought
A. Capture

Repairing and overhauling the ice Keeping the fish preservation Training the fishermen in hygienic
Marine plants and freezing plants plants in good condition. handling of fishes.

Inland
(i) Shallow water depth due to insufficient
rains/inflow --- --- ---
(ii) Changes in water quality --- --- ---

(iii) Any other --- --- ---

B. Aquaculture
(i) Shallow water in ponds due to Desilting and ploughing the Keeping the ponds dry for Making the ponds ready for stocking and
insufficient rains/inflow aquaculture ponds. rectifying disease problem. start aquaculture practice.
(ii) Impact of salt load build up in ponds / Assessment of water hardness and Assessing the environmental Liming the culture system for stocking of
change in water quality salinity check. parameters for algal check. fish seeds.
(iii) Any other --- --- ---
2) Floods
A. Capture

Training the fishermen in hygienic

Keep the crafts and gears in safe handling of fishes, fish preservation and
Marine Repairing the crafts and gears. condition. processing.

Inland
(i) Average compensation paid due to loss
of human life --- --- ---
(ii) No. of boats / nets/damaged --- --- ---
(iii) No.of houses damaged

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(iv) Loss of stock --- --- ---

(v) Changes in water quality --- --- ---

(vi) Health and diseases --- --- ---

B. Aquaculture
Keeping the ponds without
(i) Inundation with flood water Harvesting the farms. stocking Making the ponds ready for stocking

(ii) Water continuation and changes in Assessing the water quality for seed
water quality Water quality check Water quality check. stocking.

(iii) Health and diseases Checking the microbial load. Checking the microbial load. Water treatment for control of microbes.

(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed, Fish pond sampling and estimate the Safety of feeds and chemicals used Usage of feeds and chemicals for starting
chemicals etc) loss. for aquaculture. culture practice.

(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps, Safeguarding the pumps, aerators and Safeguarding the pumps, aerators Repairing the pumps and aerators for use
aerators, huts etc) pump house. and pump house. in aquaculture.
(vi) Any other --- --- ---

3. Cyclone / Tsunami
A. Capture
Marine

(i) Average compensation paid due to loss Safety of fishermen and fishing Safety of fishermen and fishing Estimating the loss of lives for
of fishermen lives accessories. accessories. compensation.

Keeping the boats and nets in safe

(ii) Avg. no. of boats / nets/damaged Safety of boats and nets. condition. Assessing the damages to boats and nets.

(iii) Avg. no. of houses damaged Safety of houses Safety of houses Estimating the loss for damaged houses.

Inland
B. Aquaculture --- --- ---

(i) Overflow / flooding of ponds --- --- ---

(ii) Changes in water quality (fresh water /

brackish water ratio) --- --- ---

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(iii) Health and diseases --- --- ---

(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed, Training of fish farmers for safety of
chemicals etc) farm accessories Safety of feeds, chemicals etc. Estimate the losses.

(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps, Renovation and reconstruction of

aerators, shelters/huts etc) Alertness for safety of infrastructure. Safety of infrastructure. infrastructure.

(vi) Any other --- --- ---

4. Heat wave and cold wave

A. Capture

Studying the environmental

Studying the temperature of water and characters and removing the dead Assessing the fish catches and provide
Marine assessing mass mortality of fishes. fishes. compensation for fishermen.

Inland --- --- ---

B. Aquaculture
(i) Changes in pond environment (water Studying the water temperature Studying the water temperature Take measures for control rise/fall of
quality) periodically. periodically. water temperature.

Monitoring the disease problem in Control mortality of fishes by Remove infected animals and provide
(ii) Health and Disease management cultured fishes. providing disease treatment. disinfection and treatment.
(iii) Any other
a
based on forewarning wherever available

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