UNIT 5: DEVELOPMENT
Adolescence
I. Introduction
1. “I feel like I’m in a John Hughes rites de passage
movie…”
2. Used to be brief, now extended due to education
a. Divided into 3 sections
11-14; 15-18; 18-21
14=drive
18=vote/graduation
21=drink/gamble/college or work
3. Also very subjective as some move through
II. Physical Development
A. Adolescent Growth Spurt
1. Adolescent Growth Spurt- last 2-3 years mostly between 8-12 y/o
a. girls precede boys in spurt
b. Some take longer to get than others
2. May have growth of hands and feet first but don’t get a lack of
coordination except in about 15% of teenagers
B. Sexual Development
1. Puberty- refers to the spec. devel. Of changes that lead to the ability
to reproduce (great def.)
a. Primary Sex Characteristics- directly involved in reproduction
b. Secondary Sex Characteristics- not directly involved
E.g. voice drop, round of hips and breast
2. Male changes
a. Produces testosterone
b. Hair on face and chest
c. Deeper voice
d. Broader shoulders
e. Bigger hearts and lungs
f. More muscle tissue
g. Devel. of sexual organs
3. Female changes
a. Produce estrogen
b. Growth of breast and supportive tissue around buttocks and hips
c. Pelvic region widens
C. Differences in __________________ Rates
1. Boys who _______________ early have a few things
going for them:
a. _____________ self esteem
b. __________________ and well ______________
c. Better at ____________ b/c of build
d. More self ___________ and ____________
e. Some things not going for them:
Good at sports= more ______________/high
______________
2. Ladies that __________________ early get different
reaction:
a. Feel __________________ b/c __________ or __________
in the class
b. __________________
c. Tend to go to the older teens b/c of ______________
maturation but struggle w/ the _____________
maturation
d. Older __________ will take the physical maturation
for mental and adds ______________
e. Positive: Doesn’t last too long
II. Social Development: _____________ und ___________
(storm and stress)- German that describes social
development pretty well
A. General Characteristics
1. ______________ do effect activity levels, and mood
swings
2. Physically adolescence can go to about _____
3. Socially/psychologically can be much
________/__________
4. Start ____________, providing for ___________,
raising ___________, etc.
B. Relationships with Parents
1. Lots of changes in this relationship
a. Usually defined as constant ______________ w/ parents-- Slightly
exaggerated
b. Do get ____________, though doesn’t seem like it
c. Get arguments w/ personal __________________ v. __________________
Kind of clothes, friends, hair, dating, curfew, chores, homework…
goes on and on my friends…
2. Time spent w/ family changes
a. 9-15 study shows that…
15 year olds spend ½ the time w/ family as 9 y/o do
b. Older _________ spend more time __________________
c. Older _________ split time between __________________ and being
_____________
3. Greater attachment to people outside of _____________
a. Less time doesn’t mean not emotionally connected
b. Still love, rely, and are loyal to their family
c. Share soc., pol., rel., and econ. views w/ parents
4. Better relationship=better ______________ and
______________
a. Mom v. Dad
Most adolescence talk, listen, go to for advice, and
feel closer to their __________________ than
__________________
May be due to who spends more time w/ child b/4
C. Relationship w/ Peers
1. By 7th grade influence and emotional support shifts
from parents to peers
2. __________________ Friendship
a. Usually have a couple “BFFs”
b. See friends as a __________ person to vent or express
their inner thoughts
c. Friends are more than just a warm body to be around
Boys usually have close friends but tend to be groups
that don’t spend their time w/ intimate feelings
(sports or socializing)
Girls… secrets, feelings, problems…
3. __________________ and __________________
a. __________________- peer groups of 5-10 ppl.
who spend a lot of time together w/ activities
and sharing __________________
__________… Nerds, jocks, band geeks, emo,
goth, punk, hippies…
Not all bad but can cause issues w/
____________ and __________________ and
______________…
b. __________________- larger social groups that
don’t share ___________ or ______________
4. Peer Influences
a. Peer pressure… a bad thing?
Tend to follow peers in dress, attitude, hairstyles,
speech, musical preferences, etc.
BUT also follow each other in moral values,
education, and values (some bad but also good)
b. Highest around 15-17 then decreases
Why?
Seek __________________
__________________ to measure against
Dating and Romantic Relationships
3 stages
1. Adolescents put themselves in situation to meet
members of the opposite sex… dances or after school
events
2. Group Dating… movie w/ friends
3. Traditional Dating… Paired off
Date for several reasons
Like the other person’s company
Help learn how to relate to other people positively
Practice for serious relationships later in life
III. Identity
A. Erickson’s 5th stage of development is ________________
vs. _____________________ or __________________
1. Identity Development
a. Establishing one’s identity is finding a role, occupation,
or political and religious beliefs
b. __________________ experiment w/ several roles in
different times and situations
One way w/ friends, one way w/ parents
2. Erickson says that teens that don’t find a good ______
don’t find ___________ of __________
a. Leads to __________________ and following crowds from
__________________ to __________________
B. __________________ Crisis- a turning point in a
person’s development when the person examines his or
her values and to make changes
1. College, jobs careers, life choices
2. __________________ Status- James ____________
a. Says identity crisis arises as teens face __________
about work, morals, religion, or pol orientation
b. We have ways to _________ and handle crisis
c. 4 categories in the identity status- reaction
patterns or processes to the crisis
No ____________ or in entire ______________ (move in
3. Identity __________________
a. “__________________” period
b. Make __________________
c. “just going to apply to all colleges b/c I
don’t know which one I want to attend.”
d. Delaying making a decision
e. Experiment with different roles, behaviors,
personalities to find the right one
f. __________________ feelings for those who
4. Identity __________________
a. __________________ options
b. __________________
c. Accepting __________ and values from childhood
d. Choosing to ____________ w/ _____________
e. Making commitments and adopting plans w/o
looking within…
f. Become __________________
g. “I will join the military b/c that is what everyone in
my family has done after high school.”
5. Identity __________________
a. “Dear Mom, I hope you like me, b/c I plan on
living in the basement for the next 10-20
years. Love, Your Son”
b. Making no __________________
c. Doing no __________________
d. Wandering w/o ________
e. Becoming ________ and __________________
f. “I really have no idea what I’ll do after
6. Identity __________________
a. __________________ options
b. Committing self to _____________ in life and occupation
c. Finding own __________
“I’m going to start college in the fall. My parents want
me to be a lawyer but I rather work with kids.”
d. Have high _______-___________, well-being, and self-
______________
e. Able to set _______ and work toward them
f. Usually doesn’t happen until well after HS
g. Could happen several times
IV. ______________ and ______________ in Identity Formation
A. __________________ and others geared ideas more toward ______
1. Believed identities for ______________ should be as wives and
mothers and intimate
2. Men were not assumed to be preparing for the ‘___________’
role
B. Ethnicity and Identity Formation
1. Have to develop identity that fits both their _________________
and larger group they belong to
2. __________________ and __________________ also are problems
3. Want to follow role of person in their culture but is not
recognized by other groups
4. Mom and dad are from 2 ethnic groups
