This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server.

Under the copyright agreement

entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
that no more than five persons have concurrent access to the standard.
UDC 6 2 4 ( 0 8 3 . 7 5 ) SABS 1200 DN-1982

SOUTII AFRICAN BUREAU O F STANDARDS

STANDAMIlZED S P E C I F I C A T I O N

for

C I V I L ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION

DN : EARTHWOKKS (RAILWAY S I D I N G S )

A p p r o v e d by t h e O b t a i n a b l e from t h e
COUNCIL O F THE SA BUREAU O F STANDARDS
SOUTH AFRICAN P r i v a t e B a g X191
BUREAU O F STANDARDS Pretoria
on 3 March 1982 0001 R e p u b l i c of South A f r i c a

Telegrams : C o m p a r a t o r , P r e t o r i a
P u b l i s h e d and p r i n t e d i n t h e R e p u b l i c of South A f r i c a by t h e
South A f r i c a n B u r e a u of Standards

ISBN 0-828.08180.8 Gr5

This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server. Under the copyright agreement
entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
that no more than five persons have concurrent access to the standard.
This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server. Under the copyright agreement
entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
that no more than five persons have concurrent access to the standard.
3 SAtiS 1200 DN-1962
Earthworks (railway sidings)

CONTENTS

Clause Fage Number

1 .. SCOPE ......................................................................... 5
2 IPRERPRETATIONS ............................................................... 5
2.1 Supporting Specifications ...................................................... 5
2.2 Application ................................................................... 5
2.3 Definitions ................................................................... 5
3 .3.1 MATERIALS .....................................................................
Classification for Excavation Purposes ........................................
5
5
3.2 Classification for Placing Purposes ........................................... 5
3.2.1 Fills ......................................................................... 5
3.2.2 Subballast layer .............................................................. 5
3.3 Selection ...................................................................... 5
3.3.1 General ....................................................................... 5
3.3.2 cuts .......................................................................... 5
3.3.3 Fills .........................................................................
.........................................................................
5
4.
5.
PLANT
CONSTRUCTION ..................................................................
5
6
5.1 Precautions ................................................................... 6
5.1.1 Safety ........................................................................ 6
5.1.2 Stormwater and groundwater and dust nuisance .................................. 6
5..2 Methods and Procedures ........................................................ 6
5.2.1 Excavation .................................................................... 6
5.2.2 Fills ................................ ........................................ 6
5.2.3 Transport ............................ ........................................ 7
6. TOLERANCES ........................... ........................................
.................................
7
6.1 Degree of Accuracy and permissible Dev ations 7
7. TESTING .............................. ........................................
........................................
B
7.1 General .............................. 8
7.2 Compaction Control ................... ........................................ 8
8 . MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT .............. ........................................ R
8.1 Basic Principles .............................................................. 8
8.2 Computation of Quantities ..................................................... R
8.3 Scheduled Items ............................................................... 8

DRAWINGS

Drawing DN-1 .Formation Widths (SAR D36/2) .................................................. 9

APPENDIX A . APPLICABLE STANDARDS .......................................................... 10

This specification supersedes

SARS 1200 DN-1979
This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server. Under the copyright agreement
entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
that no more than five persons have concurrent access to the standard.
This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server. Under the copyright agreement
entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
that no more than five persons have concurrent access to the standard.
5 SABS 1200 Dll-1982
Earthworks (railway sidings)

SOUTH AFRICAN UUREAU OF STANDARDS

STANDARDIZED SPECIFICATION
for
CIVIL ENGINEERING CONSTKUCTION

DN z EAKTHWORKS (RAILWAY SIDINGS)

1. SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers earthworks for the construction of sidings to be used for the conveyance of
railway traffic from main lines of the South African Transport Services (SAK) onto and in private
property whether by SAR or private locomotives. It covers cut to fill operations for tracks and
marshalling yards and excavations for culverts and drainage.
NOTE: The standards referred to in the specification are listed in Appendix A.

2. INTERPWTATIONS
2.1 SUPPORTING SPECIFICATIONS
2.1.1 Where this specification is required for a project, the following supporting specifications shall, inter
alia, form part of the contract document:
a) Project specification;
b) SABS 1200 A or SABS 1200 AA, as applicable;
c) SABS 1200 D or SABS 1200 DA, as applicable; and
d) SABS 1200 C.
2.1.2 In addition, if work involving pipe trenches, concrete, or stormwater pipes, is included in the contract,
the following specifications may be required:
a) SABS 1200 DB;
b) SABS 1200 G or SABS 1200 GA; and
c) SABS 1200 LE.

2.2 APPLICATION. This specification contains clauses that are generally applicable to earthworks for railway
sidings. Interpretations and variations of this specification are set out in Portion 2 of the project
specification which precedes this specification in a contract document.

2.3 DEFINITIONS. For the purposes of this specification the definitions and abbreviations given in the
applicable of the specifications listed in 2.1 and the following definitions shall apply:
Cutting-. An excavation that provides basically for the formation, but that includes excavation for
undercut, borrow, or drainage.
Down-let. A lined drain to carry stormwater down a slope.
Fill (embankment). A filling constructed to provide for the formation.
Formation. The prepared surface on which the ballast and track are laid.
Subballast layer. The uppermost layer of the formation.
Table drain. A drain along the edge of the formation.
Undercut. An excavation made below the formation level or below the bottom of an embankment for the
removal of unsuitable material.

3. MATERIALS
3.1 CLASSIFICATlON FOR EXCAVATION PURPOSES. All cut to fill, cut to spoil, borrow to bank, and excavations
for foundations and drains will be classified as set out in Subclause 3.1.1 of SABS 1200 D or Subclause
3.1.1 of SARS 1200 DA, as applicable.

3.2 CLASSIFICATION FOR PLACING PUKPOSES

3.2.1 Fills. Fill niaterials will be classified and they shall comply with the requirements of Subclause 3.2.1
of SABS 1200 U or Subclause 3.2.1 of S A W 1200 DA, as applicable.
3.2.2 Subballast Layer. Approved graded materials selected from cuts and having a PI not exceeding 10 and a CBR
of at least 25 % at the minimum specificd density compacted at ON!, will be classified as subballast
material. If there is insufficient acceptable material from cuts for a subballast layer of thickness at
least 200 mm, the Contractor shall import suitable material or so stabilize the material on the Site that
it complies with the applicable requirements of the specification.

3.3 SELECTION
3.3.1 General. Excavation work shall be so planned and executed that material is excavated and placed in
accordance with the requirements for classification given in 3.1 and 3.2 and the requirements given in
3.3.2 and 3.3.3.
3.3.2 -
Cuts. Suitable material from cuts (in preference to selected materials from borrow pits or other sources)
shall be used to form fills. Operations shall be so arranged that suitable material for fills can be
selected as the work proceeds.
The work shall be so programmed that, as far as is reasonably possible, excavated material is transported
directly to its final position without being stockpiled. If stockpiling is unavoidable, materials
intended for different uses shall be stockpiled separately.
Any material that is below the formation level and that in the opinion of the Engineer is unsuitable,
shall be excavated and disposed of as directed. The resultant space shall be refilled with approved
imported material and compacted as specified.
3.3.3 -
Fills. The Contractor shall ensure that all material selected is placed in the correct position in the
fill.

4. PLANT
4.1 The requirements of Clause 4 of SABS 1200 D or Clause 4 of SABS 1200 DA, as relevant, shall apply.
 This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server. Under the copyright agreement
entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
that no more than five persons have concurrent access to the standard.
SABS 1200 DN-1982 6
Earthworks ( r a i l w a y s i d i n g s )

5. CONSTRUCTION
5.1 PRECAUTIONS
5.1.1 S a f e t y . The requirements of Subclausc 5.1.1 of SABS 1200 D or Subclause 5.1.1 of SAnS 1200 DA, as
r e l e v a n t , s h a l l apply.
5.1.2 Stormwater and Groundwater and D u s t Nuisance. The requirements of Subclauses 5.1.3 and 5.1.4 of SABS
1200 U o r Subclauses 5.1.4 and 5.1.5 of S A R S 1200 DA, a s r e l e v a n t , s h a l l apply.

5.2 METHODS AND PROCEDURES

5.2.1 --
Excavation
---
5.2.1.1 --
General
a ) G. After completion t o t h e e x t e n t necessary f o r e x c a v a t i o n of s i t e c l e a r i n g i n terms of SAS ~ Z O Oc
and, i f r e q u i r e d , a f t e r t o p s o i l h a s been d e a l t w i t h i n terms of S A W 1200 U o r SA65 1200 DA, a s
a p p l i c a b l e , c u t s s h a l l b e made and f i n i s h e d o f f n e a t l y t o t h e s:tde s l o p e s , w i d t h s , l e v e l s , g r a d e s , and
s e c t i o n s shown oil t h e drawings o r ordered. The f i n i s h e d formalion width s h a l l be a t l e a s t t h a t shown i n
Drawiny D N - 1 a p p r o p r i a t e t o t h e l a y o u t .
The s l o p e s of c u t t i r i g s s h a l l not b e trinuned t o a smooth s u r f a c c b u t l e f t a s c u t by b u l l d o z e r or s c r a p e r
t o provide l e d g e s t o r e t a i n t o p s o i l .
Any overbreak s h a l l be made up a t t h e C o n t r a c t o r ' s expense w i t h b a c k f i l l or c o n c r e t e b l i n d i n g o r rock a s
directed.
Borrow p i t s s h a l l b e so developed a s t o minimize t h e danger of s o i l e r o s i o n , and s h a l l be graded and
d r a i n e d and t h e m a t e r i a l used as d i r e c t e d . On completion of t h e borrowiiiy and f i n a l grading and s l o p i n g
of t h e s i d e s of t h e borrow p i t , t h e t o p s o i l t h a t was o r i g i n a l l y removed s h a l l , u n l e s s o t h e r w i s e d i r e c t e d ,
be s p r e a d evenly o v e r t h e e n t i r e s u r f a c e and s i d e s l o p e s of t h e borrow p i t .
b ) Foundations f o r s t r u c t u r e s . The requirements f o r e x c a v a t i o n s f o r f o u n d a t i o n s of Subclause 5.2.2.1 of
SARS 1200' D o r Subclause 5.2.2 of SABS 1200 DA, as r e l e v a n t , s h a l l apply.
5.2.1.2 Use of m a t e r i a l . The C o n t r a c t o r s h a l l n o t borrow, s p o i l , consei:ve, o r waste any m a t e r i a l w i t h o u t
approval. The o r d e r of c o n s t r u c t i n g t h e f i l l s s h a l l be so arranged as t o make t h e b e s t p o s s i b l e u s e of
m a t e r i a l o c c u r r i n y i n c u t t i n y s . P r i o r i t y s h a l l be given t o t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n of high f i l l s t o a l l o w time
f o r t h e designed s e t t l e m e n t t o t a k e p l a c e . A l l m a t e r i a l s excavated s h a l l be d e p o s i t e d i n f i l l s u n l e s s
o t h e r w i s e d i r e c t e d . M a t e r i a l s u r p l u s t o requirements s h a l l be p l a c e d on d e s i g n a t e d d i s p o s a l sites.
Topsoil s h a l l be s t o c k p i l e d and p r e s e r v e d f o r l a t e r u s e o r shal:, be hauled d i r e c t l y t o a r e a s r e q u i r i n g
t o p s o i l i n g i f r e q u i r e d i n terms of t h e p r o j e c t s p e c i f i c a t i o n and scheduled.
5.2.1.3 Shallow c u t s a r d f i l l s of d e p t h up t o 300 mm. Where t h e i n - s i t u m a t e r i a l a t formation l e v e l i s
a c c e p t a b l e , t h e t o p 200 mm o r such o t h e r depth a s may be d i r e c t e d s h a l l b e compacted t o t h e d e n s i t y
s p e c i f i e d f o r t h e s u b b a l l a s t l a y e r of embankments and f i n i s h e d to t h e c o r r e c t l e v e l .
Unsuitable s o i l below formation l e v e l s h a l l b e removed by excavntion t o d e p t h s , w i d t h s , and l e n g t h s a s
d i r e c t e d t o p e r m i t t h e p l a c i n g and compacting t o t h e s p e c i f i e d d e n s i t y of b a c k f i l l .
Rock s h a l l be removed t o a d e p t h below t h e f i n i s h e d l e v e l of 200 mm o r such o t h e r d e p t h as may b e
d i r e c t e d , and r e p l a c e d by approved compacted m a t e r i a l .

5.2.2
5.2.2.1
-
Fills,
Preparatkn
a ) C l e a r i n g s i t e . Shrubs, bush, stumps, and d e b r i s s h a l l be removed completely from t h e r i g h t of way f o r
t h e s i d i n g . Boulders s h a l l be removed t o t h e e x t e n t r e q u i r e d i n terms of t h e p r o j e c t s p e c i f i c a t i o n . A l l
t r e e s w i t h i n 5 in of t h e formation s h a l l be uprooted and s i m i l a r l y removed. The C o n t r a c t o r s h a l l d i s p o s e
of a l l c l e a r e d m a t e r i a l t o d e s i g n a t e d sites.
b ) S u i t a b l e i n - s i t u m a t e r i a l . Where t h e i n - s i t u m a t e r i a l a t t h e b a s e of f i l l s i s a c c e p t a b l e and t h e
Engineer r e q u i r e s t h a t t h e b a s e be c o n s o l i d a t e d , t h e t o p 150 mm or such o t h e r depth a s may be d i r e c t e d
s h a l l , a f t e r t h e a r e a has bee11 c l e a r e d as s p e c i f i e d i n ( a ) above, be compacted a t OMC to a d e n s i t y of a t
l e a s t 93 % o r 95 % of modificd AASHTO maximum d e n s i t y a s d i r e c t e d .
c) Unsuitable i n - s i t u m a t e r i a l . Unsuitable i n - s i t u m a t e r i a l a t the base of f i l l s or i n t h e f l o o r of
c u t t i n g s s h a l l be removed by excavating t o such d e p t h s , w i d t h s , and l e n g t h s a s a r e d i r e c t e d , t o allow f o r
t h e p l a c i n g and compaction of approved m a t e r i a l a f t e r t h e t o p 150 mm of t h e s o i l l e f t i n p l a c e h a s been
compacted a t OMC t o a d e n s i t y of a t l e a s t 93 % o r 95 % of modified MSHTO maximum d e n s i t y as d i r e c t e d .
d ) Renching. O n ground with a s l o p e yreater t h a n one v e r t i c a l to s i x h o r i z o n t a l and on t h e s i d e s of
e x i s t i n g embankments t h a t are t o be widened, t h e s u r f a c e s h a l l be benched as d i r e c t e d .
e) Catchwater d r a i n s . Catchwater d r a i n s o r mounds ( o r both) t o t h e dimensions shown o n t h e d e t a i l
drawings s h a l l be c o n s t r u c t e d n o t less t h a n 5 m from t h e t o p of t h e b a t t e r of a l l c u t s and elsewhere a s
directed.
5.2.2.2 Placinq
a) General. Of t h e m a t e r i a l o b t a i n e d from c u t s and borrow p i t s only m a t e r i a l t h a t i s f r e e from stumps,
trees, rubbish, and o t h e r d e l e t e r i o u s m a t e r i a l and i s approved hy t h e Engineer s h a l l be placed i n t h e
lower l a y e r s of t h e f i l l and m a t e r i a l of t h e same or b e t t e r qual.ity s h a l l be p l a c e d i n t h e upper p o r t i o n
of t h e f i l l . (See Subclause 3.2.1 of SABS 1200 D or Subclause 3.2.1 of SABS 1200 UA, a s a p p l i c a b l e . )
Where it i s necessary t o u s e c l a y o r c l a y e y m a t e r i a l , t h e Enginc?er may d i r e c t t h a t such m a t e r i a l be
placed w i t h i n n o t less than 1 m of t h e f i n i s h e d s u r f a c e and n o t more than 6 m below it.
Rock having a maximum dimension exceeding 600 mm s h a l l n o t b e p l a c e d a t t h e b a s e of t h e f i l l .
Throughout t h e work t h e f i l l s h a l l be c o n s t r u c t e d t o advance uniformly o v e r t h e whole width w i t h a s l i g h t
c r o s s f a l l over t h e s u r f a c e f o r drainage. The C o n t r a c t o r s h a l l a r r a n g e i r i s o p e r a t i o n s so t h a t each l a y e r
of f i l l can be compacted i n s u i t a b l e continuous s e c t i o n s which, u n l e s s o t h e r w i s e agreed by t h e Engineer,
s h a l l be of t h e g r e a t e s t l e n g t h p r a c t i c a b l e .
The f i l l m a t e r i a l s h a l l be d e p o s i t e d i n l a y e r s of t h i c k n e s s , b e f o r e compacting, not exceeding 300 mm.
The m a t e r i a l s s h a l l be s p r e a d and mixed t o form a l a y e r of approximately uniformly graded m a t e r i a l over
t h e whole width of t h e f i l l . Oversize (exceeding 300 mm) mater;.al t h a t cannot be broken down t o t h e
maximum p e r m i s s i b l e s i z e s p e c i f i e d s h a l l be removed and used a s d i r e c t e d . Each l a y e r s h a l l be watered
and compacted t o t h e s p e c i f i e d d e n s i t y . During compaction, every l a y e r s h a l l be maintained t o t h e
r e q u i r e d s l o p e and c r o s s - s e c t i o n by means of s e l f - p r o p e l l e d g r a d e r s , and a l l h o l e s and d e p r e s s i o n s s h a l l
he f i l l e d w i t h approved m a t e r i a l .
The C o n t r a c t o r s h a l l ensure t h a t stormwater w i l l a t a l l t i m e s be d i s c h a r g e d uniformly over t h e f u l l
l e n g t h of each embankment or through down-lets.
This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server. Under the copyright agreement
entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
that no more than five persons have concurrent access to the standard.
7 SABS 1200 DN-1982
Earthworks (railway sidings

b) Rock fills. Rock excavated from cuttings shall be used in the portion of the fill that is more than
1 m below a subballast layer. The rock material shall be deposited in layers of thickness at least
sufficient to accommodate the bulk of the material, provided that the thickness of the uncompacted layer
does not exceed 750 mm. Oversize (exceeding 750 mm) material shall be either broken down to size or,
where by the nature of the material this is impracticable, moved clear of the Works.
The rock fill shall be spread and sorted by a bulldozer large enough to obtain a uniform layer thickness.
Any oversize (exceeding 750 nun) fragments shall be dozed to the outside of the embankment and removed as
spoil. After the material has been spread, the interstices shall be filled with smaller rock or
fine-grained material and if, after the addition of such material, the stone layer is still too rough to
roll, sufficient fine-grained material shall be added to blind the surface, or the unevennesses s h a l l be
broken down by knapping. The layer shall then be watered and given six passes of a 6 t vibrating roller
or four passes of a 10 t vibratiiig roller. If the "lock" or the void in the finished layer is not to the
satisfaction of the Engineer, he may order spot dumping and hand distribution of suitable fine material,
and the application of further water between passes and such additional rolling as he may consider
necessary for a dense stable embankment fill to be obtained.
The portion of the fill between 200 mm and 1 m below the subballast level shall be constructed in layers
of thickness not exceeding 300 mm before compaction. The layers shall be formed with material containing
no lumps, stones, or clods that, after being broken down and compacted, have any dimension greater than
75 mm.
c) Backfill and compaction at structures. The requirements of Subclause 5.2.3.2 of SABS 1200 D or
Subclause 5.2.3.2 of SAHS 1200 DA, as applicable, shall apply.
d) Down-lets. Down-lets shall be constructed as shown on the detail drawings in positioiis as directed.
5.2.2.3 Compaction. The material used in the fill shall be compacted at OMC to a density of at least 95 % of
modified AASHTO maximum density in the subballast layer, and at least 93 % of modified AASHTO maximum
density below that layer. Where non-cohesive soils are used, the density shall be at least 100 % of
modified RASIITO maximum density.
The compaction moisture during construction shall be the optimum moisture content for the construction
plant employed. .
The material to be compacted shall be thoroughly broken up over the full width and depth, water shall be
added if necessary, and the whole mixed until a uniform and homogeneous mixture is obtained. Should the
material be too wet, because of rain or any other cause, it shall be harrowed and allowed to dry out to
the correct moisture conteiit before compaction is proceeded with.
Any weak spots that become apparent duriny compaction shall be cut out and repaired with sound material
at the Contractor's expense.
5.2.2.4 Finishinq
a) Final grading. On completion of the cuts, table drains, and fills to formation level the whole surface
shall be graded, shaped to camber, and compacted to final grades and levels. The surface shall be
lightly watered.
b) Topsoilin%. Topsoil on the slopes of embankments and cuttings shall not be consolidated. The
thickness of the layer shall be not less than 75 mni unless otherwise scheduled or required in terms of
the project specification. Such topsoil will not be regarded as forming part of the embankment, and the
widths specified or directed tor embankments shall not be reduced to allow for the thickness of topsoil
placed. Topsoiling shall proceed as embankments are constructed. Topsoiling of each side slope shall be
started before the height of the slope exceeds 5 m.
c) Grassinq. The requirements of Subclause 5.2.4.3 of SABS 1200 D or Subclause 5.2.5.3 of SABS 1200 DA,
as relevant, shall apply.
5.2.3 Transport
5.2.3.1 Freehaul. Except where otherwise specifically indicated and subject to the provisions of Subclause
5.2.5.1 of SAHS 1200 D or Subclause 5.2.6.1 of S A W 1200 DA, as applicable, all movement of cut and fill
materials will be regarded as freehaul.
5.2.3.2 Overhaul.. Disposal of surplus material outside the servitude beyond a distance of 0,s km from source
will be regarded as overhaul.
The Contractor shall not incur overhaul expenses without prior approval.

6. TOLERANCES
6.1 DEGREE OF ACCURACY AND PEHMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS. The degree of accuracy of the finished work shall be as
stated in the project specification and the permissible deviations '(PD) (see Clause 6 of SABS 1200 A or
Clause 6 of SABS 1200 AA, as applicable) shall be within the appropriate of the following limits (Degree
of Accuracy II shall apply if no degree of accuracy is specified):

Permissible deviation
I Degree of accuracy I

a) Bulk earthworks
1) Cut slope surface.(batters) parallel to centre
than rock cuttings
~
line:
~~ -
other

PD from designated batter line measured normal to slope .......

2) Cut slope surface (batters) parallel to centre
cuttings only
-
line: rock

PD from designated batter line measured normal to

3) Fill slope surfaces parallel to cei~treline
.......
slope

PD from designated batter ........................................ value

4 ) Width of forms=
PD from specified width measured from centre line
PD from specified total width
................
....................................
5) Formation level
PD from designated levels ........................................
b) Excavation for foundations. The requirements of Subclause 6.l(a
SABS 1200 D or subclause 6.2(b) of SABS 1200 DA, as relevant, shal

* As stated in the project specification, if required.

 This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server. Under the copyright agreement
entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
that no more than five persons have concurrent access to the standard.
SABS 1200 DN-1982 8
Earthworks (railway s i d i n g s )

7. TESTING
7.1 GENERAL. The requirements of Clause 7 of SABS 1200 D o r Clause 7 of SABS 1200 DA, a s r e l e v a n t , s h a l l
apply.

7.2 COMPACTION CONTROL. The method of t e s t i n g t h e standard of compaction s h a l l be a s s t a t e d i o t h e p r o j e c t

specification.

8. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

8.1 BASIC PRINCIPL~?S. The p r i n c i p l e s s e t o u t i n Subclause 8.1 of SAIiS 1200 D or Subclause 8.1 of SABS
1200 DA, as releviliit, s h a l l apply.

8.2 COMPUTATION OF QUANTITIES

8.2.1 Earthworks w i l l be measured by volume once only e i t h e r i n c u t o r i n borrow t o bank, whichever is
scheduled. Measurements w i l l be t o f i n i s h e d shapes, s e c t i o n s , and p r o f i l e s a s shown on drawings or
ordered. Notwithstanding any t o l e r a n c e s permitted i n terms of 6.1, no excavation and no embankment
formed o u t s i d e t h e s p e c i f i e d l i n e s and l e v e l s w i l l be included i n t h e measurement u u l e s s such e x t r a work
has been done on t h e w r i t t e n i n s t r u c t i o n s of t h e Engineer.
8.2.2 Except where earthworks a r e c a r r i e d o u t t o simple geometric shapes, t h e volumes of m a t e r i a l handled w i l l
be computed from c r o s s - s e c t i o n s a t s u i t a b l e i n t e r v a l s by t h e method of average end a r e a s .
Where t h i s method of measurement i s considered by t h e Enyineer tc' be i m p r a c t i c a b l e , t h e volume w i l l be
computed by taking 70 % of t h e previously determined s t r u c k c a p a c i t y of each hauling v e h i c l e . Each
v e h i c l e s h a l l be loaded t o a t l e a s t t h e predetermined volume of s t r u c k capacity.
8.2.3 Where s i t e c l e a r a n c e i s scheduled arid required over s p e c i f i c areas p r i o r t o commencement of earthworks,
t h e volumes removed i n c i d e n t a l l y duri.ng s i t e c l e a r i n g o p e r a t i o n s w i l l be neglected i n both excavation and
bank q u a n t i t i e s b u t t h e volumes (computed from t h e areas and dept.hs) of t o p s o i l w i l l be deducted from t h e
excavation volume or added t o t h e embankment volume, as t h e c a s e may be. Where precompactioii of i n - s i t u
material a t t h e base of a bank, o r removal of u n s u i t a b l e i n - s i t u m a t e r i a l , or c o n s o l i d a t i o n of n a t u r a l
ground under f u t u r e embankments i s c a r r i e d o u t as i n s t r u c t e d , s u i t a b l e adjustments w i l l be made t o depth
measurements.
8.2.4 Should he wish t o check t h e Engineer's q u a n t i t i e s , t h e Contractor may, a t h i s own expense, t a k e t h e
l e v e l s and prepare t h e c r o s s - s e c t i o n s necessary for t h e measurement and computation of c u t and f i l l
q u a n t i t i e s . The Engineer may conduct such check t e s t s on t h e Coritractor's c r o s s - s e c t i o n s a s he c o n s i d e r s
necessary t o confirm t h e i r accuracy and adequacy. F a i l u r e on t h e p a r t of t h e Contractor t o submit h i s
own c r o s s - s e c t i o n s t o t h e Engineer b e f o r e commencing earthworks w i l l be h e l d t o i n d i c a t e h i s preparedness
t o accept t h e c r o s s - s e c t i o n s provided by t h e Engineer f o r t h e purpose of measurement and payment o f c u t
and f i l l q u a n t i t i e s , and no subsequent claims i n t h i s reyard w i l l be considered.

8.3 SCHEDULED ITEMS

8.3.1 Clearing of s i t e . The requirements of SABS 1200 C s h a l l apply.
8.3.2 ................................................
S i t e p r e p a r a t i o n and removal of t o p s o i l Unit: m
2
The r a t e s h a l l cover t h e c o s t of t h e removal of t o p s o i l t o a s t a t e d depth, s t o c k p i l i n g , and preventing
d u s t nuisance, a l l a s s p e c i f i e d i n Subclauses 5.2.1 and 5.1.4.1 of SABS 1200 D o r Subclauses 5.2.1 and
5.1.5 of SAMS 1200 DA, as a p p l i c a b l e .
Where removal of t o p s o i l t o g r e a t e r d e p t h s i s ordered, t h e a r e a measured for payment w i l l , unless
otherwise scheduled, be increased pro r a t a to t h e average i n c r e a s e i n depth.
8.3.3 Preparation f o r f i l l .................................................................... Unit: m or m
2
Separate items w i l l be scheduled f o r each type of p r e p a r a t i o n r e q u i r e d p r i o r t o t h e s t a r t of f i l l
operations. Such p r e p a r a t i o n s w i l l be measured by a r e a except i n t h e case of benching which w i l l be
measured l i n e a r l y .
The r a t e s h a l l cover t h e charge f o r p r e p a r a t i o n f o r f i l l a s spec.ified i n 5.2.2.1.
8.3.4 Excavation
a ) C u t t o f i l l , c u t t o s p o i l , borrow t o bank, excavate f o r s t r u c t u r e s i n a l l m a t e r i a l ,
and compact a l l f i l l o r bank ........................................................... Unit: m
3
Separate items w i l l be scheduled f o r each of c u t t o f i l l , c u t t o s p o i l , and borrow t o bank and f o r each
p a r t i c u l a r s t r u c t u r e o r type o f s t r u c t u r e .
The rate s h a l l cover t h e c o s t of complying with a l l t h e r e l e v a n t requirements f o r p r o t e c t i o n s p e c i f i e d i n
Subclause 5.1.1 o f SABS 1200 D o r Subclause 5.1.1 of SABS 1200 DA, a s a p p l i c a b l e , i n a d d i t i o n t o t h e c o s t
of excavation, b a s i c sel.ectiori, t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , spreading, watering, compaction, i n c l u d i n g t h e s u b b a l l a s t
l a y e r , complying w i t h t o l e r a n c e s , and providing f o r t e s t i n g .
I n t h e case o f s t r u c t u r e s and p i p e s , t h e r a t e s h a l l cover t h e c o s t of excavating, s e l e c t i n g , and keeping
s e l e c t e d m a t e r i a l s e p a r a t e (where r e l e v a n t ) , b a c k f i l l i n g , compacting, and disposiny of s u r p l u s and
u n s u i t a b l e m a t e r i a l s , a l l w i t h i n 0 , 5 km o f t h e suurce of t h e excavation.
b) Extra-over i t e m ( a ) above f o r coinpaction t o 95 % .................................... Unit: m
3
Separate items w i l l be scheduled f o r each compaction d e n s i t y above 93 % and f o r each t y p e of compaction
operation.
The rate s h a l l cover t h e a d d i t i o n a 1 , c o s t of compaction t o t h e higher d e n s i t y scheduled.
c) Extra-over i t e m ( a ) above f o r :
1) Intermediate excavation ............................................................. Unit: m
3
2) Hard rock excavation ............................................................... Unit: m3
The r a t e s h a l l cover t h e a d d i t i o n a l cost of t h e o p e r a t i o n s enumerated under item (a) above f o r t h e
p o r t i o n s of t h e m a t e r i a l t h a t a r e c l a s s i f i e d a s intermediate o r a s hard rock, as a_p_p l i c a b l e .
d) Replacing u n s u i t a b l e i n - s i t u m a t e r i a l , where ordered a f t e r furmation graded ......... Unit: 'm
The r a t e s h a l l cover t h e c o s t of excavation and d i s p o s a l of u n s u i t a b l e m a t e r i a l and t h e p r o v i s i o n ,
importation, and compaction of s u i t a b l e material.
8.3.5 Overhaul ............................................................................... Unit: m .km
3
The r a t e s h a l l cover t h e cost of t r a n s p o r t i n g m a t e r i a l s beyond t h e f r e e h a u l d i s t a n c e .
8.3.6 Catchwater d r a i n s ...................................................................... Unit: m
8.3.7 Down-lets .............................................................................. Unit: m
The rates s h a l l cover t h e c o s t s of c o n s t r u c t i o n complete a s shown on d e t a i l drawings i n t h e p o s i t i o n s
shown on tlru drawings or ordered.
8.3.8 Surface firiishes
a) Topsoiling .......................................................................... Unit: m
2
The rate s h a l l cover t h e c o s t s of excavating from s t o c k p i l e s formed i n terms of 5.2.1.2 and hauling and
spreadinq i n terms of Subclause 5.2.4.2 of SALIS 1200 D or S u b c l a u s e 5.2.5.2 of SARS 1200 DA, a s
applicable.
b) Grassing o r o t h e r cover ............................................................. Unit: m
2
The rate s h a l l cover t h e c o s t of y r a s s i n g o r o t h e r cover, i n terms of Subclause 5.2.4.3 of SABS 1200 D or
Subclause 5.2.5.3 of SABS 1200 LIA, a s a p p l i c a b l e .
 This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server. Under the copyright agreement
entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
that no more than five persons have concurrent access to the standard.

I
3700

TABLE DRAIN
2750
1
I
I
I
BATTER AS SPECIFIED
4z
-21
5.
t
32 0 0

I : 25
, , 1I
2000 LEVEL

I: 25

I :2 5 I :2 5 ,pi!J/ 2500 1 - 2500

/

2 500 0
a I 2500
I LL
a
5 5 0 0 FORMATION
X X F.

W 5 5 0 0 FORMATION
I

CUTTINGS - SINGLE TRACK BANKS - SINGLE TRACK

6000 LEVEL
m
sl
r(
R

3-
0

9 000

X X
9 5 0 0 FORMATION

NOTE X X
NO LONGITUDINAL SERVICES MAY BE LOCATED WITHIN THE LIMITS
DEFINED THUS X X

Dimensions in milimeters
TYPICAL CROSS- SECTION OF DOUBLE TRACKS
 This standard is exclusively for Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality for use on a shared file server. Under the copyright agreement
entered into, Emnambithi Ladysmith Municipality may make five (5) printouts of the standard and must see to it
SABS 1200 DN-1982 that no more than five persons have
10 concurrent access to the standard.
Earthworks ( r a i l w a y s i d i n g s )

APPENDIX A. APPLICABLE STANDARDS

Reference is made t o t h e l a t e s t i s s u e s of t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a n d a r d s :

SABS 1200 A C i v i l e n g i n e e r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n : General

SABS 1200 AA C i v i l e n g i n e e r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n : General ( s m a l l works)

SABS 1200 C C i v i l engineering construction : S i t e clearance

SABS 1200 D C i v i l e n g i n e e r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n : Earthworks

SABS 1200 DA C i v i l e n g i n e e r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n : Earthworks ( s m a l l works)

SABS 1200 DB C i v i l e n g i n e e r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n : Earthworks ( p i p e t r e n c h e s )

SABS 1200 G C i v i l engiiieering c o n s t r u c t i o n : Concrete ( s t r u c t u a ~ a l )

SABS 1200 GA C i v i l e n g i n e e r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n : Concrete ( s m a l l works)

SABS 1200 LE C i v i l e n g i n e e r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n : Stormwater drainacle

ISBN 082&08180.8 rabr pia