HEAD, NECK AND FACE

CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI & NERVES 8. At what level does the nucleus of the nerve
supplying the marked muscle is seen?
1. Arrange the given Cranial nerve nuclei columns
in the floor of IV ventricle from medial to
lateral.
a. SVE GVE GSA SSA
b. GVE GSE GSA GVA
c. GSE GVE SVA GVA
d. SVE GVE GSA GVA

2. Which of the following combinations of nuclei

originate from the basal plate of the
developing brain of the embryo?
a. Abducens + spinal trigeminal
b. Cochlear + oculomotor
c. Hypoglossal + nucleus ambiguous
d. Mesencephalic of trigeminal + oculomotor a. Facial Colliculus
3. Which of the following is a mismatch regarding b. Superior Colliculus
cranial nerve nuclei columns? c. Inferior Colliculus
a. III nerve →General visceral efferent d. Inferior olivary nucleus
b. VII nerve →General somatic afferent 9. Innervation of the highlighted (green) muscle is
c. IX nerve → Special somatic afferent by the cranial nerve which has its motor
d. X nerve →Special visceral afferent nucleus situated at the level of ___.
4. All of the sensations are relayed in the spinal
nucleus of trigeminal nerve except-
a. Pain
b. Temperature
c. Touch
d. Proprioception
5. Which is the nucleus for masseteric reflex?
a. Superior nucleus of trigeminal nerve
b. Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve
c. Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve
d. Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve a. Superior colliculus
b. Inferior colliculus
6. Preganglionic Secretomotor fibers to lacrimal c. Facial colliculus
gland arise from- d. Olive
a. Nucleus ambiguous
b. Inferior salivatory nucleus 10. Which of the following muscles is not supplied
c. Superior salivatory nucleus by ipsilateral cranial nuclei?
d. Dorsal nucleus of Vagus a. Superior rectus b. Medial rectus
c. Inferior rectus d. Inferior oblique
7. Parasympathetic outflow involves-
a. Cranial nerves 3,7,9,10 and S2, S3, S4 11. Which of the following is not correct with
b. Cranial nerves 5,7,9,10 and S2, S3, S4 respect to oculomotor nerve palsy?
c. Cranial nerves 3,7,9,10 and S3, S4, S5 a. Dilated pupil
d. Cranial nerves 5,7,9,10 and S1, S2, S3 b. Ptosis
c. Deviation of eyeball laterally & superiorly
d. Loss of light reflex

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12. Which of the following statement is 14. After asking a 47-year-old woman to open
INCORRECT regarding the marked nerve in the mouth wide and say “Ah”. The physician notes
given image? the deviation of the uvula to the right side and
asymmetry in the elevation of soft palate, with
left side of the palate sagging. Which specific
nerve is most likely damaged?
a. Left IX
b. Left X
c. Right X
d. Right V3

15. Injury to facial nerve at the level of lateral

semicircular canal will show all the following
features, EXCEPT:
a. Ipsilateral flaccid paralysis of facial muscles
b. Ipsilateral Salivary loss from submandibular
gland
c. Ipsilateral hyperacusis
d. Ipsilateral loss of lacrimation

16. Pain referred to ear in case of tonsillitis is due

a. Branch from posterior division of to:
mandibular nerve a. Facial nerve
b. Winds around middle meningeal artery b. Trigeminal nerve
c. Innervates temporalis muscle c. Glossopharyngeal nerve
d. Innervates TMJ d. Vagus nerve

13. The dentist administered a regional nerve 17. Parasympathetic secretomotor fibers to
block, the needle penetrates the oral mucosa parotid come from all except
at the apex of the maxillary vestibule and is a. Otic ganglion
pushed beyond the root of the teeth. Due to b. Greater petrosal nerve
the injection, the patient experiences c. Auriculotemporal nerve
numbness and paresthesia within the upper d. Tympanic plexus
canine and neighboring teeth, as well as the
skin of right lower eyelid, cheek, lateral nose 18. Ansa cervicalis innervates the following
and upper lip. What nerve was got blocked and EXCEPT
produced the described numbness? a. Superior belly of omohyoid
b. Sternohyoid
c. Inferior belly of omohyoid
d. Thyrohyoid

19. Incorrect about the location of Otic ganglion is-

a. Anterior to middle meningeal artery
b. Inferior to foramen ovale
c. Lateral to tensor veli palatini
d. Lateral to mandibular nerve

a. Anterior superior alveolar nerve

b. External nasal nerve
c. Infratrochlear nerve
d. Infraorbital nerve

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20. A 45 years old male was admitted to 22. A patient was admitted with skull base trauma
emergency following RTA is found to have skull and difficulty in swallowing. Which of the
base fracture extending to hypoglossal canal. following cranial nerve is being tested by
Which of the following marked muscle will touching the marked structure?
retain its innervation despite of nerve injured
passing from the involved foramen?

a. Vagus
b. Facial
c. Glossopharyngeal
a. A b. B d. Trigeminal
c. C d. D
DEEP CERVICAL FASCIA
21. Match the following nerve with their functions?
Column - A Column - B
23. Which of the following marked structure is
A. Mandibular 1. Shrugging of shoulder vagus nerve?
nerve
B. Spinal 2. Taste sensation of
accessory anterior 2/3rd of
nerve tongue
C. Facial nerve 3. Touch Sensation of
posterior 1/3rd of
tongue
D. Glossopharyng 4. Chewing
eal nerve
Select the correct answer from the given below code:
a. A3, B1, C2, D4
b. A1, B2, C3, D4
c. A4, B1, C2, D3
d. A1, B3, C2, D4
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

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24. Which of the following is “Danger space” of CRANIAL DURAMATER & DVS
the neck?
28. Injury to which of the following nerve can
cause ipsilateral convergent squint?

a. A b. B a. A b. B
c. C d. D b. C d. D
25. Injury to the marked structure in the given T.S 29. An 82-year-old woman develops a dural
can cause which of the following? meningioma that compresses the confluence
of the dural venous sinuses. On the given
contrast venogram from an angiographic
series, drainage from which of the following
labelled vessels would be obstructed by the
tumor?

a. Ipsilateral weakness of diaphragm

b. Parasympathetic loss to thoracic viscera
c. I/L Horner's syndrome
d. I/L laryngeal muscles weakness
26. The upward extension of thyroid swelling is
prevented by which of the following structure
by it’s attached to thyroid cartilage?
a. Pretracheal Fascia
b. Investing Fascia
c. Thyrohyoid membrane
d. Sternothyroid muscle
a. A b. B
27. All are correct regarding deep cervical fascia c. C d. D
EXCEPT
a. Axillary sheath is a prolongation of 30. During childbirth, an excessive
prevertebral fascia anteroposterior compression of the head may
b. Spinal XI nerve passes between prevertebral tear the anterior attachment of the falx cerebri
& investing layers from the tentorium cerebelli. The bleeding that
c. Cervical sympathetic trunk is in between follows is likely to be from which of the
carotid sheath & prevertebral fascia following venous sinuses?
d. Retropharyngeal space is in between a. Sigmoid sinus b. Straight sinus
pharyngeal wall and buccopharyngeal fascia c. Superior sagittal sinus d. Transverse sinus

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 BLOOD VESSELS & TRIANGLES OF THE NECK 35. All of the following are branches of External
carotid artery (ECA) supplying the nasal
31. Which of the following is true regarding the septum except:
marked blood vessel in the given atlas image? a. Anterior Ethmoidal Artery
b. Sphenopalatine Artery
c. Greater Palatine Artery
d. Superior Labial Artery

36. Injury to which of the following nerve can lead

to shortness of breath and recurrent
pneumonia?

a. A Terminal branch is dorsal nasal artery

b. B Branch of the given artery supplies larynx
below vocal cord
c. A Contributes to Little's area in nasal septum
d. B Supplies inferior parathyroid gland

32. Which of the following is not a branch of the

facial artery?
a. Lateral Nasal a. A b.B
b. Mental c. C d. D
c. Superior Labial
d. Inferior Labial 37. A 43-year-old woman came with a large
abscess in the middle of the right posterior
33. Inferior thyroid artery supplies which of these triangle of the neck. The physician incised and
parts- drained the abscess. Five days later the
1. Thyroid gland patient noticed that she could not extend her
2. Para thyroid gland right hand above her head to brush her hair.
3. Oesophagus Which of the following are the signs and
4. Thymus symptoms of additional harm?
Select the correct answer from the given below a. Damage to scalenus medius
code: b. Injury to suprascapular nerve
a. 1 and 3 b. 1, 2, 3 c. Cut to spinal part of accessory nerve
c. 1, 2, 4 d. 1, 2, 3, 4 d. Spread of infection to shoulder joint

34. Which of the following is false regarding blood 38. Superficial incision on posterior triangle of
supply of dura mater? neck can lead to
a. Meningeal branch of ICA in posterior cranial a. Difficulty in shrugging of shoulder
fossa b. Difficulty in start of abduction
b. Accessory meningeal artery supplies MCF c. Difficulty in rotating face towards the same side
c. Meningeal branch of anterior and posterior d. Difficulty in flexion
ethmoidal artery supplies ACF
d. Middle meningeal artery supplies MCF 39. Hypoglossal nerve is related to -
a. Digastric triangle
b. b. Carotid triangle
c. Both
d. None

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40. Structure superficial to mylohyoid in anterior 44. A medical student presents to the emergency
digastric triangle is - with TMJ dislocation after yawning in the
a. Deep part of submandibular gland afternoon class. Tendon of which muscle
b. Hypoglossal nerve inserts in the disc of this joint?
c. Part of parotid gland a. Lateral pterygoid
d. Mylohyoid artery & nerve b. Medial pterygoid
c. Masseter muscle
41. Which of the following muscle will not be d. Temporalis muscle
affected by the injury caused to marked
structure while surgically approaching the 45. A 17-yr-old woman presents with the
carotid sheath? dislocation of her TMJ as shown in the diagram.
With her mandible stuck in the position, her
dentist pulls the mandible inferiorly to enable
the tone of a muscle to retract the mandible to
its normal position. Which muscle returns the
mandibular condyle back into its normal
position?

a. Omohyoid b. Thyrohyoid
c. Sternothyroid d. Sternohyoid

42. A 55 yrs. old man, 2 weeks after parotid surgery

felt numbness and sensory loss while shaving.
Which of the following nerve is most likely to
be involved during the procedure? a. Lateral pterygoid
a. Auriculotemporal nerve b. Medial pterygoid
b. Buccal nerve c. Masseter
c. Great auricular nerve d. Temporalis
d. Lesser occipital nerve
46. A 23-year-old man presents with unilateral
paralysis of the muscles of mastication on the
TMJ & MUSCLES OF MASTICATION left side. This condition has resulted in facial
43. Which of the following muscle is responsible asymmetry as noted in the picture. Patient is
for protraction of TMJ? uncomfortable with his appearance and has
difficulty swallowing. What muscle is most
likely involved in his dysphagia?

a. A b. B a. Stylohyoid b. Buccinator
c. C d. D c. Stylopharyngeus d. Mylohyoid
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47. What is the action of marked muscle in the 51. Mismatch regarding the given laryngeal
given image? muscles and their actions is

a. Elevation
b. Depression
c. Protraction a. A → relaxation of vocal cord
d. Retraction b. B → closure of rima glottidis
c. C → muscle for whispering
PHARYNX & LARYNX d. D → opens the inlet of larynx

48. Passavant ridge is formed by- 52. What is the action of the highlighted (green)
a. Tensor veli palatini and superior constrictor muscle in the specimen of larynx?
b. Palatopharyngeus and superior constrictor
c. Palatopharyngeus and inferior constrictor
d. Palatoglossus and superior constrictor

49. Choose the incorrect pair regarding the

structures passing between pharyngeal
constrictors
a. Between middle & inferior: internal laryngeal
nerve
b. Between superior & middle: IX nerve
c. Between Superior and Middle: branch of
ascending pharyngeal artery
d. Through Morgagni’s Sinus: ascending
palatine
branch of facial artery

50. Due to tortuous superior thyroid artery, nerve

running along of a 23-year-old man becomes a. Help is abduction of vocal cord
entangled and tightly compressed. Which of b. Opening of laryngeal inlet
the following functions is most likely to be c. Elevates tension in vocal cords
affected? d. Closure of laryngeal inlet
a. Sensation above vocal cord
b. Sensation below vocal cord
c. Abduction of the vocal cord
d. Tension of the vocal cord

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53. Which of the following is not a laryngeal 55. Identify the nerves in the given section of
cartilage? cranial cavity-

a. A b. B
c. C d. D
54. Identify the nerve in the given section?
a. A- IV B- VII
b. A- III B- VI
c. A- VI B- IV
d. A- III B- V

56. Which nerve passes through the marked

foramen in the given Image?

a. External laryngeal nerve

b. Internal laryngeal nerve
c. Recurrent laryngeal nerve
d. Glossopharyngeal nerve a. Lingual nerve
b. Mandibular nerve
c. Chorda tympani nerve
d. Inferior alveolar nerve

57. Which of the following foramen is located

between petrous temporal, sphenoid and
basioccipital bone?
a. Foramen Rotundum
b. Foramen Lacerum
c. Foramen Magnum
d. Jugular Foramen

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58. Which of the following structures passing
through jugular foramen has a separate canal?
a. CN IX
b. CN X
c. CN XI
d. CN XII

59. Covid may spread to meninges and lead to

intracranial complications through which of
the following marked areas?

a. A b. B
c. C d. D

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 NEUROANATOMY
MENINGES AND CISTERNS 63. Contralateral loss of pain and temperature is
due to injury to:
60. Which nerve is closely related to the vein a. Anterior spinothalamic tract
located in the marked cistern? b. Lateral spinothalamic tract
c. Fasciculus gracilis
d. Fasciculus cuneatus
64. Inability to perceive the texture and shape of
an object occurs in the lesion of
a. Lateral spinothalamic tract
b. Nucleus gracilis
c. Nucleus cuneatus
d. Anterior spinocerebellar tract
65. Which of the following statements regarding
marked white matter bundle in the given
picture of spinal cord is INCORRECT?

a. III nerve
b. IV nerve
c. VII nerve
d. X nerve

61. Which of the following most specifically

identifies the white area indicated by the tip of
the pointer in the MRI below?

a. Injury to A- Ipsilateral Loss of vibratory

sensation from lower limb
b. Injury to B-Astereognosis on the affected side
c. Injury to C- Ipsilateral Loss of conscious
proprioception
d. Injury to D- Loss of thermal sensation on
opposite side.
66. A Patient with syphilis develops an imbalance
in walking with eyes closed and has to lift up
foot and stamp on the ground to walk. Name
the tract involved in the given condition?
a. Dorsal column tract
a. Ambient cistern b. Spinocerebellar tract
b. Interpeduncular cistern c. Lateral spinothalamic tract
c. Quadrigeminal cistern d. Vestibulospinal tract
d. Chiasmatic cistern
67. Fibres of the accessory cuneate nucleus
62. The conus medullaris is anchored to the inner terminate in the
aspect of the spinal dural sac by which of the a. Thalamus b. Medulla
following? c. Midbrain d. Cerebellar cortex
a. Coccygeal ligament 68. Corticospinal fibres descend uncrossed up to
b. Denticulate ligament a. Upper medulla
c. Filum terminale externum b. Lower medulla
d. Filum terminale internum c. Pons
d. Midbrain

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 BRAINSTEM & BS LESIONS 71. Interpeduncular fossa contains all except -
a. Mammillary bodies
b. Posterior perforating substance
69. Mismatch regarding the nerve and its typical
c. Trochlear nerve
feature following injury is
d. Oculomotor nerve
72. Injury to the structure producing marked
elevation most likely will cause paralysis of
which of the following muscle?

a. Injury to A → loss of pupillary light reflex

b. Injury to B →double vision
c. Injury to C → contralateral convergent squint
d. Injury to D → difficulty in scapular retraction
a. Lateral rectus
70. Lesion on the marked structure in the given b. Genioglossus
specimen would present which of the c. Risorius
following feature: d. Medial rectus

73. Lower motor neuron of which cranial nerve is

expected to be seen in the marked regions the
given sagittal section?

a. Ataxia
b. Vertigo
c. Ipsilateral facial nerve palsy
d. Contralateral hemiplegia a. A- Trochlear B- Abducent
b. A- Trochlear B- Facial nerve
c. A- Facial B- Abducent nerve
d. A- Facial B- Vagus nerve

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74. Arrange the given components of auditory 79. Which of the following clinical manifestations
pathway from periphery to center- IS NOT seen in the lesion depicted by the
1. Vestibulocochlear nerve image?
2. Superior olivary nucleus
3. Medial geniculate body
4. Cochlear nuclei
5. Lateral lemniscus
6. Inferior colliculus
Select the correct answer using the code
below:
a. 1 --- 3 --- 2 --- 4 --- 5 --- 6
b. 1 --- 4 --- 2 --- 5 --- 6 --- 3
c. 1 --- 3 --- 4 --- 2 --- 6 --- 5
d. 1 --- 4 --- 2 --- 3 --- 6 --- 5

75. False about pons is

a. Contains inferior olivary nucleus
b. Contains pyramidal fibres in its basilar part a. Ipsilateral flaccid paralysis of medial rectus
c. Connects to cerebellum via middle cerebellar peduncle b. Contralateral hemiplegia
d. Contains lacrimatory nucleus c. Contralateral weakness of lower face
d. Ipsilateral loss of pain and temp. from face
76. Which of the following is a center for stapedial
reflex? 80. A 79-year-old woman is brought to the
a. Superior olivary complex Emergency Department. The history of the
b. Medial geniculate body current event, provided by her family, was of a
c. Superior colliculus sudden onset of weakness while watching TV.
d. Lateral lemniscus The examination reveals profound weakness of
the upper and lower extremities on the left side,
77. Lateral medullary syndrome shows lesion of and loss of most voluntary movements of the
a. Hypoglossal nucleus right eye. Though she is able to abduct her right
b. Pyramidal tract eye. Which of the following would most likely
c. Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve also be seen in this patient, subsequent to the
d. Medial Lemniscus careful neurological examination?
78. Given picture represents which of the a. Weakness of the left lower face
following condition? b. Deviation of the tongue to the right on
protrusion
c. Deviation of the uvula to the left on
vocalization
d. Constriction of the left pupil

81. A patient presented with weakness of the

right side of the face with the loss of pain and
temperature sensation of the left side of the
body. The lesion is most likely located at?
a. Medial medulla
b. Lateral pons
c. Medial pons
d. Lateral medulla

a. Duane syndrome
b. 3rd nerve palsy
c. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
d. Weber’s syndrome
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82. Which is of the enlisted structure IS NOT CEREBELLUM
affected in the syndrome indicated by the 85. Cerebellar glomeruli are seen in which layer of
picture below cerebellar cortex.
a. Molecular
b. Purkinje
c. Granular
d. None of the above

86. False about cerebellum is

a. Largest collection of inhibitory neurons
b. Only excitatory cells are granule cells
c. Purkinje cells are the only efferent from
cortex
a. XII nerve d. Olivocerebellar fibres are Mossy fibres
b. Medial lemniscus
c. Spinal lemniscus 87. Cerebellar peduncle giving passage to
d. Pyramidal tract olivocerebellar pathway:
a. Superior cerebellar peduncle
83. Which of the following is a feature of injury to b. Middle cerebellar peduncle
cranial nerves exits the brainstem from the c. Inferior cerebellar peduncle
groove identified by the arrow in the image d. None
below?
88. The following tracts passes through inferior
cerebellar peduncle EXCEPT
a. Dorsal spinocerebellar tract
b. Cuneocerebellar tract
c. Striae medullaris
d. Dentatothalamic tract
89. Marked cells are inhibitory cells to which of the
following?

a. Ipsilateral divergent squint

b. Ipsilateral tongue paralysis
c. Ipsilateral progressive deafness
d. Parasympathetic loss in thoracic viscera

84. A 44‐‐year‐‐old female patient has a lesion in the

right cerebral peduncle in the midbrain. She
would present with a loss of:
a. Fine touch and pain sensation from the
entire right side of the body a. Vestibular nuclei
b. Skeletal motor control to the entire left side b. Deep cerebellar nuclei
of the body c. Inferior olivary nucleus
c. Skeletal motor control to the entire right side d. Red nucleus
of the body
d. Fine touch and pain sensation from the
entire right side of the body
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90. True about climbing fibers 94. A 40-year-old male patient was admitted to
a. Are axons of inferior olivary nucleus hospital with transient lesion to the marked
b. Synapse dendrites of Purkinje cells white matter fibres. On clinical examination the
c. Termination of climbing fibers are in patient would presents with which of the
molecular layer following symptoms?
d. All the above

CEREBRUM- GREY AND WHITE MATTER AND

SECTIONAL NEUROANATOMY
91. Association fibres are all EXCEPT:
a. Uncinate
b. Cingulum
c. Longitudinal fasciculus
d. Forceps major

92. Marked structure in the given image connects

which of the following?

a. Loss in communication of Somatosensory

information between orbital cortex.
b. Global Aphasia
c. Loss in communication of Somatosensory
information between occipital cortex.
d. Dysdiadochokinesia

95. Marked structure originates from which of the

a. Striate cortex
following?
b. Orbital cortex
c. Hippocampus
d. Dentate nucleus

93. Vascular lesion of post half of posterior limb of

internal capsule is most likely to involve.
a. Neck muscles
b. Upper limb muscles
c. Pectoral muscles
d. Lower limb muscles

a. Mammillary body
b. Thalamus
c. Hippocampus
d. Lateral geniculate body

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96. INCORRECT regarding the white matter 98. Which of the following statement is/are
structures of cerebrum is correct about the marked area in the given
coronal section?

a. A- Internal capsule 1. Charcot’s artery supplies its posterior limb

b. B- Cingulum 2. Sub lenticular portion contains optic radiation
c. C- Forceps minor 3. Injury to the genu will cause I/L facial
d. D- Forceps major paralysis
4. Largest association fibres in the cerebrum
97. Which of the following is not an example of a. 1
commissural fibre? b. 1 and 3
c. 1,2 and 3
d. 1 and 4

99. Medulla is supplied by all except

a. Anterior spinal artery
b. Basilar artery
c. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
d. Superior cerebellar artery

100. Thrombosis of anterior cerebral artery cause:

a. Right foot paralysis in right ACA thrombosis
b. Urinary incontinence
c. Paralysis of the contralateral face
d. Homonymous hemianopia

a. A b. B
c. C d. D

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 101. Mention the arterial supply of the marked
region?

a. Anterior Cerebral Artery & Middle Cerebral Artery

b. Anterior Cerebral Artery & Posterior Cerebral Artery
c. Anterior Cerebral Artery & Anterior Communicating
Artery
d. Posterior Cerebral Artery & Middle Cerebral Artery

102. Structure present deep to the marked area is-

a. Post clinoid process

b. Lesser wing of sphenoid
c. Sella turcica
d. Carotid canal

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 EMBRYOLOGY
103. Extraembryonic mesoderm derived from 108. Choose the INCORRECT pair regarding the
a. Secondary yolk sac structures marked in the given section of
b. Primary yolk sac embryonic plate.
c. Epiblast
d. Hypoblast

104. Buccopharyngeal membrane develops from

a. Ectoderm and mesoderm
b. Mesoderm and endoderm
c. Ectoderm and endoderm
d. Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm

105. Before formation of head and tail folds, the

most cranial part of embryo-
a. Septum transversum
b. Neural plate
c. Notochord a. A- Neural tube
d. Primitive streak b. B- Comprises of only ectoderm and endoderm
c. C- Myocardium development
106. False regarding development is d. D- Origin of Hepatocytes
a. Primitive streak formation starts before
gastrulation 109. 'N' marked cells in the given image will
b. Notochord remnant is allantois differentiate into all EXCEPT:
c. Cephalic end of the embryo is established
before the formation of primitive streak
d. Conceptus enters the uterine cavity on 4th
day

107. What is the time of closure for arrow marked

structure in the given image?

a. Cells of the inferior mesenteric ganglion

b. Adrenal cortex cells
a. Day 18 b. Day 25 c. Cells of the enteric plexus
c. Day 28 d. Day 30 d. Parafollicular cells of thyroid gland

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 110. Which of the following is/are mismatch 112. Following deformity correlates to
regarding the marked embryonic structures in
the given EM image?

a. Failure of fusion of mandibular to maxillary

process
b. Failure of fusion of maxillary to lateral nasal
process
c. Failure of fusion of maxillary to medial nasal
process
A- adrenal cortex d. Incomplete fusion of two medial nasal
B- nucleus pulposus processes
C- smooth muscle in gastric wall 113. Following deformity correlates to
D- optic stalk
a. A, C and D b. A and B
c. A and C d. B, C and D

HNF EMBRYOLOGY

111. Patient presents with Swelling along the

anterior border of sternocleidomastoid, absent
Thymus and also hypoparathyroidism is
because of involvement of which structures in
the given schema of pharyngeal arches?

a. Failure of fusion of mandibular to maxillary

process
b. Failure of fusion of maxillary to lateral nasal
process
c. Failure of fusion of maxillary to medial nasal
process
d. Incomplete fusion of two medial nasal processes
114. Annular stapedial ligament is developed from
a. Meckel’s cartilage
b. Otic capsule
c. Reichert’s cartilage
d. Hyoid arch
115. All are of adult size at birth except
a. Semicircular canal
b. Mastoid antrum
c. Tympanic cavity
d. Eustachian tube
a. A and E b. C and B
c. D and E d. C and D
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116. A 14-year-old patient comes to examination 118. Marked vessel in the given image is derived
room with a presentation of midline swelling in from which of the following embryonic veins?
the neck as shown in the image which moves
up with tongue protrusion. What is the most
likely primary diagnosis?

a. Thyroglossal cyst
b. Impinging Ranula a. Common cardinal vein
c. Branchial cyst b. Subcardinal vein
d. Dermoid cyst c. Sacrocardinal vein
d. Supracardinal vei
CVS EMBRYOLOGY
119. Which of the following is correct regarding the
117. Given anomaly in the image is due to which of developmental anomaly in given picture?
the following?

a. Persistence of right posterior cardinal vein

b. Persistence of left anterior cardinal vein
c. Persistence of left Sacrocardinal vein
a. Persistence of distal part of right 4th arch artery d. Persistence of left common cardinal vein
b. Persistence of proximal part of left 4th arch artery
c. Persistence of proximal part of right 6th arch
artery
d. Persistence of distal part of left 6th arch artery

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120. Choose the correct option for following 122. Choose the correct statement regarding the
anomaly anomaly shown in the given picture.

a. Persistence of distal part of right 6th arch artery

a. Persistent right anterior cardinal vein
b. Persistence of caudal part of right dorsal aorta
b. Persistent left anterior cardinal vein
c. Persistence of cranial part of left dorsal aorta
c. Persistent left subcardinal vein
d. Absence of 4th arch artery on right side
d. Persistent right umbilical vein

121. A 39-year-old man, who presented with 123. Absence of Conotruncal septum gives rise to
weight loss and dysphagia. Aortography and a. Tetralogy of Fallot
computed tomography revealed an aberrant b. Patent truncus arteriosus
artery compressing the oesophagus against c. Transposition of great vessels
the aortic arch as shown in the image. choose d. Coarctation of aorta
the correct option for given condition
GIT & UROGENITAL SYSTEM EMBRYOLOGY

124. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is due to

developmental defect in which of the following
embryological structure

a. Obliteration of right 4th arch artery and

persistence of distal right dorsal aorta
b. Obliteration of right 3rd arch artery and
persistence of proximal right dorsal aorta
a. A b. B
c. Obliteration of right 6th arch artery and
c. C c. D
persistence of distal of right dorsal aorta
d. Obliteration of right 7th cervical
intersegmental artery

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125. Which of the following is the remnant of the 127. Based on the image given ‘Duct of Wirsung’
develops from the following components

marked structure? a. A and B

a. Medial umbilical ligament b. A and C
b. Lateral umbilical ligament c. C and B
c. Median umbilical ligament d. A, B and C
d. Ligamentum teres
128. Given radiograph signifies
126. Which of the following are derivatives of the
arrow marked structures in the given image?

a. Non rotation of midgut

b. Reverse rotation of mid gut
c. Subpyloric caecum
d. Mixed rotation

a. Falciform ligament 129. The caecum is found to be placed below the

b. Lesser omentum epigastrium (just below stomach) and in the
c. Greater omentum midline. Which of the following abnormality must
d. Gastrophrenic ligament have taken place while rotation of the gut?
a. Mal rotation
b. Non rotation
c. Reverse rotation
d. Mixed Rotation

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130. The following picture represents 136. Wrong about urethra is
a. Terminal portion of penile part is ectodermal
b. The membranous urethra is endodermal
c. Proximal prostatic urethra is endodermal on
posterior aspect
d. Female terminal urethra is endodermal

137. Vaginal epithelium develops from

a. Mesoderm of urogenital sinus
b. Mesoderm of genital ridge
c. Endoderm of urogenital sinus
d. Endoderm of genital ridge

138. Which of the following is not endodermal

derivative?
a. Urethra in glans penis
b. Lungs
a. Mal rotation c. Biliary tree
b. Non rotation d. Lower part of Vagina
c. Reverse rotation
d. Mixed Rotation
131. Regarding Gastroschisis and Omphalocele, which
one is false
a. Intestinal obstruction is common in gastroschisis
b. Liver is the content of omphalocele
c. Gastroschisis is associated with multiple
anomalies
d. Umbilical cord is attached in normal position in
gastroschisis

132. Epithelium of ureter develops from

a. Mesonephros
b. Metanephros
c. Pronephros
d. Paramesonephric duct

133. Mesonephric duct in male develops in

a. Vas deferens
b. Appendix of testis
c. Penile urethra
d. Prostatic utricle

134. Choose the correct statement regarding the

embryonic derivatives of urogenital system
a. Trigone of bladder: Urogenital sinus
b. Labia minora: Urethral fold
c. Prostatic utricle: Wolffian duct
d. Appendix of testis: Mesonephric duct

135. Untrue about ureteric bud

a. Endodermal derivative
b. Arises from Wolffian duct
c. Forms collecting tubules
d. Penetrates metanephric tissue

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 UPPER LIMB
139. In a subclavian artery block at the outer 141. Which of the following is TRUE regarding
border of 1st rib, which of the following contents of marked spaces in the given picture?
arteries help in maintaining the circulation to
the upper limb?
1. Suprascapular artery
2. Superior thoracic artery
3. Thyrocervical trunk
4. Subscapular artery
Select the correct answer from the given
below code:
A. 1, 2, 3 and 4 B. 1, 3 and 4
C. 1 and 3 D. 1, 2 and 3

140. What is the action of the marked muscle seen

in the given cadaveric specimen?

a. Space A- Radial nerve

b. Space B- Profunda brachii artery
c. Space C- Thoracodorsal nerve
d. Space A and Space C are separated by long head of
biceps brachii

142. Which of the following is correct regarding the

structures piercing in the given image?

a. Retract the medial border of the scapula

superiorly and medially
b. Retract the medial border of the scapula a. Lateral thoracic artery, basilic vein, lateral pectoral
medially and inferiorly nerve, lymphatics
c. Rotates glenoid cavity upwards b. Thoracoacromial artery, basilic vein, medial pectoral
d. Elevates and protract the scapula nerve, lymphatics
c. Thoracoacromial artery, cephalic vein, lateral pectoral
nerve, lymphatics
d. Internal thoracic artery, cephalic vein, medial pectoral
nerve and lymphatics

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143. Chose the correct option for the marked 145. Lesion of the marked structure lead to:
structures in given image

a. Loss of sensation of tip of index finger dorsal

side
a. I- Lat. cord, II-Thoracodorsal nerve, III- Subscapularis b. Loss of sensation over hypothenar muscles
b. I- Med. cord, II-Long thoracic nerve, III- Latissimus dorsi c. Loss of sensation of the tip of radial bone
c. I- Lat. cord, II- Dorsal scapular nerve, III- Pectoralis major d. Loss of sensation from 4th Interdigital cleft
d. I- Med. cord, II- Long thoracic nerve, III- Subscapularis
146. A patient presents with multiple humeral shaft
144. Which of the following is a mismatch fracture, following which he had difficulty in
regarding fractures and nerve involved in the flexion and supination of forearm. He also
given image? complains of loss of sensation on lateral aspect
of forearm. Which of the following nerve is most
likely injured?
a. Median nerve
b. Radial nerve
c. Musculocutaneous nerve
d. Anterior interosseous nerve

147. Which of the following is true for the marked

muscles in the given cadaveric specimen of
hand?

a. A- Axillary nerve
b. B- Radial nerve
c. C- Posterior interosseous nerve
d. D- Ulnar nerve

a. A- Originates from flexor digitorum superficialis

b. B- Supplied by deep branch of Ulnar nerve
c. A- supplied by superficial branch of ulnar nerve
d. A and B share the same nerve supply
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148. Which of the following is not attached to the 153. Given pictures is the demonstration of the test
pointed tendon in the given cadaveric image? done for which of the following nerves of upper
limb?

a. 2nd Palmar interossei

b. 2nd Dorsal interossei
c. 3rd Dorsal Interossei a. Anterior Interosseous nerve
d. 2nd Lumbrical b. Ulnar nerve
149. A 30-year-old male underwent excision surgery c. Posterior interosseous nerve
of radial head. Following surgery, the patient d. Median nerve
develops inability to extend his fingers and 154. When a patient is asked to make the “okay”
thumb. He did not have any sensory deficit. sign, the patient is unable to make a round
Which of the following is most likely to involve? circle, producing a “collapsed circle” on the
a. Posterior interosseous nerve affected hand (see pic). No areas of sensory loss
b. Common extensor origin are detected. Which nerve is most likely
c. Anterior interosseous nerve damaged?
d. High radial nerve

150. A 10-year-old boy was running across a parking

lot when he tripped and received lacerations on
the base of his thumb from a broken glass
bottle. On examination. his thumb was unable to
oppose to his fingers, and the thumb also
showed weakness when abducting and flexing.
No sensory deficits were reported. What nerve
was most likely severed?
a. Deep branch of radial nerve
a. Superficial branch of ulnar nerve
b. Anterior interosseous nerve
b. Superficial palmar branch of median nerve
c. Recurrent branch of median nerve
c. Recurrent branch of median nerve
d. Deep branch of ulnar nerve
d. Deep branch of ulnar nerve
151. A 24-year-old carpenter suffers a crush injury of 155. A boy presents with injury to medial epicondyle
his entire little finger. Which of the following of Humerus. Which of the following would not be
muscles is most likely to be spared? seen?
a. Extensor digitorum b. Palmar interossei a. Weakness of ulnar deviation and flexion
c. Dorsal interossei d. Lumbricals b. Complete paralysis of 3rd & 4th digits
c. Atrophy of hypothenar eminence
152. Compression of Median nerve in carpal tunnel d. Decreased sensation over hypothenar
produces inability to eminence
a. Abduct the thumb
b. Adduct the thumb
c. Flex the distal phalanx of thumb
d. Oppose the thumb
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 LOWER LIMB
156. Which of the following nerve contains efferent 158. Actions of the muscle attached to the marked
fibres for cremasteric reflex? area of the bone?

a. Abduction and External rotation

b. Extension and Lateral rotation
a. A c. Extension, adduction and Lateral rotation
b. B d. Flexion and abduction
c. C
d. D 159. Ischial tuberosity provides attachment to
a. Obturator internus
157. Movement of flexion, abduction and external b. Quadratus femoris
rotation at the hip joint is performed by which c. Gluteus maximus
of the following marked muscle? d. Adductor magnus

160. Post-polio contracture of the iliotibial tract

most likely results in:
a. Extension of hip and knee
b. Extension of hip
c. Flexion of hip and knee
d. Extension of knee

161. Skin over femoral triangle is supplied by

a. Iliohypogastric nerve
b. Ilioinguinal nerve
c. Genitofemoral nerve
d. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

a. A b. B
c. C d. D
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27
162. Patient with injury to the marked nerve in the 165. A 25-year-old male goalkeeper fell in the
given image with present with the difficulty in- ground and landed on his hip sideways. The
given AP X-ray reveals fracture in proximal part
of femur. Which of the following muscles is
most likely detached in association with the
fracture fragment?

a. Flexion at hip joint

b. Internal rotation at hip joint
c. Extension at knee joint
d. Adduction at hip joint a. Gluteus maximus b. Gluteus medius
c. Iliopsoas d. Biceps femoris
163. Structure passing through lesser sciatic 166. A young man suffers a dislocation of the hip in a
foramen are all EXCEPT: car accident. During recovery. he finds he has an
a. Pudendal nerve abnormal gait in which his left hip sinks when he
b. Internal pudendal vessels lifts that foot to take a step. as shown in the
c. Obturator externus tendon given picture. The problem may be the result of
d. Nerve to obturator internus damage to which of the following structures?
164. Injury to the nerve related to the marked bony
prominence can involve which of the following
muscle?

a. Right gluteus maximus and inferior gluteal nerve

b. Left gluteus maximus and superior gluteal nerve
a. Gracilis c. Left gluteus medius and inferior gluteal nerve
b. Bulbospongiosus d. Right gluteus medius and superior gluteal nerve
c. Psoas major
d. Iliacus

28

28
167. A Patient presents with difficulty in hip 170. The skin overlying the region where venous
adduction and pain in both hip and knee joint. “cut-down” is made to access the great
Which nerve is involved? saphenous vein is supplied by
a. Femoral a. Sural nerve
b. Obturator b. Obturator nerve
c. Inferior gluteal c. Femoral nerve
d. Sciatic d. Superficial peroneal nerve

168. Injury to the marked nerve at the given point 171. A football player has suffered severe trauma to
will NOT cause which of the following? the lateral part of the left leg just below the
knee. He drags his left toe when he walks and
cannot feel the dorsum of the foot. Which of the
following will still be intact?
a. Dorsiflexion
b. Eversion
c. Cutaneous sensation of the medial leg
d. Cutaneous sensation between the great toe
and the second toe
172. A 47-year-old woman is unable to invert her
foot after she stumbled on her driveway.
Which of the following nerves are most likely
injured?
a. Foot drop a. Superficial and deep peroneal
b. Loss of ankle reflex b. Deep peroneal and tibial
c. Sensory loss between 1st and 2nd digits c. Superficial peroneal and tibial
d. Loss of foot eversion d. Medial and lateral plantar

173. All the given muscles help in inversion of foot

169. Following surgery to repair a broken right tibia,
except:
a 22- year-old patient is placed in a short leg
a. Tibialis anterior
cast. Several hours later. she complains of
b. Tibialis posterior
numbness, inflammation, and abnormal
c. Extensor hallucis longus
pressure on the anterior and lateral aspects of
d. Peroneus longus
the affected lower leg. The cast is removed, and
the physician notes a weak dorsalis pedis 174. The ligament connecting medial cuneiform
arterial pulse, and sensory loss between the first and second metatarsal is?
and second toes. What nerve is most likely a. Spring Ligament
damaged? b. Chopart’s Ligament
a. Tibial nerve c. Deltoid Ligament
b. Deep peroneal nerve d. Lisfranc Ligament
c. Superficial peroneal nerve
d. Medial plantar nerve 175. Untrue regarding great saphenous vein is
a. Medial marginal vein is a formative tributary
b. Runs in front of medial malleolus
c. Related to medial cutaneous nerve of thigh
d. Knee perforator is present just below knee
joint

29
29
 THORAX
176. Pleural tapping in the m id-axillary line will not supply blood to intercostal spaces except:
pierce which of the following muscles a. Descending thoracic aorta
a. Internal intercostal b. Internal thoracic artery
b. External intercostal c. Superior epigastric artery
c. Transverse thoracic d. Musculophrenic artery
d. Innermost intercostal
182. In lungs bronchial arteries supply the
177. Mark true (T) and false (F) regarding the marked bronchopulmonary tree
openings in the given diaphragm specimen. a. Till tertiary bronchus
b. Till segmental bronchus
c. Till respiratory bronchioles
d. Till alveolar sac

183. If circumflex artery gives off the posterior

interventricular artery, then the arterial supply is
called,
a. Right dominance b. Left dominance
c. Codominance d. Undetermined

184. All is true about phrenic nerve EXCEPT

a. Right is shorter and more vertical
b. Sole motor supply to diaphragm
A gives passage to azygous vein c. Passes anterior to scalenus anterior
B gives passage to left phrenic nerve d. Passes posterior to hilum of lung
C gives passage to thoracic duct
B gives passage to branch of left gastric artery 185. All the following veins drain into coronary sinus
a. FFTF except
b. FFTT a. Middle cardiac vein
c. TFTF b. Anterior cardiac vein
d. FTTF c. Small cardiac vein
d. Oblique cardiac vein
178. Which is incorrect regarding
Azygous/Hemiazygos system of veins 186. A 19-year-old man came to the emergency
a. Right superior intercostal vein drains in Azygous department, and his angiogram exhibited that he
vein was bleeding from the vein that is accompanied
b. Right first posterior intercostal vein drains in by the posterior interventricular artery. Which of
right brachiocephalic vein the following veins is most likely to be ruptured?
c. Left superior intercostal vein drains in a. Great cardiac vein
accessory hemiazygos vein b. Middle cardiac vein
d. Left first posterior intercostal vein drains in left c. Anterior cardiac vein
brachiocephalic vein d. Small cardiac vein
179. All are characteristic features of
bronchopulmonary segment except 187. All are true about thoracic duct except
a. Surgically resectable a. Begins as continuation of cisterna chyli
b. Named according to segmental bronchus b. Passes through esophageal opening
c. Drained by Intrasegmental pulmonary veins c. Ends into junction between left subclavian & IJV
d. Pyramidal in shape d. Largest lymphatic vessel

180. All are true about intercostal nerve except-

a. Relationship from above downward is NAV
b. T3 to T6 are typical intercostal nerve
c. Runs between internal intercostal & innermost
intercostal muscles
d. T7 to T11 supply the abdominal wall
181. The branches of all of the following arteries
30
30
 ABDOMEN, PELVIS & PERINEUM
188. A child brought to hospital by his father with 194. Following image represents the caecal
complaint of fever, lower back pain and herniation into lesser sac through the opening
persistent flexion of hip joint. He has a history of located behind the free margin of lesser
spinal TB in the past. On examination child has omentum. Which of the following structure is
an inguinal swelling. Identify the marked muscle not present in the boundary of the foramen
responsible to be involved in this pathology. giving passage to hernial sac?

a. A b. B
c. C d. D
189. Which of the following is incorrect regarding
walls of inguinal canal?
a. Anterior wall by transverse abdominis a. Portal vein
b. Posterior wall by conjoint tendon b. Right suprarenal gland
c. Floor by lacunar ligament c. Caudate process of caudate lobe of liver
d. Posterior wall by reflected part of inguinal d. Pylorus of the stomach
ligament
195. All are the contents of deep perineal pouch
190. A patient has a penetrating ulcer of the
except
posterior wall of the first part of the duodenum.
a. Bulb/Root of penis
Which blood vessel is subject to erosion?
b. Dorsal nerve of penis
a. Common hepatic artery
c. Sphincter urethra
b. Gastroduodenal artery
d. Bulbourethral glands
c. Proper hepatic artery
d. Anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
196. Urogenital diaphragm formed by all except
a. Colle’s fascia
191. Which of the following is a branch of posterior
b. Deep transverse perinei
division of internal iliac artery?
c. Perineal membrane
a. Uterine b. Middle rectal
d. Sphincter urethrae
c. Iliolumbar d. Obturator
192. Incorrect regarding root of the mesentery is 197. True about ischiorectal fossa
a. Crosses 3rd part of duodenum a. Perineal membrane forms the base
b. Extends inferiorly to right sacroiliac joint b. Middle rectal neurovascular bundle passes
c. Contains inferior mesenteric vessels through it
d. Crosses right psoas major c. A communication is present between the two
IRF behind anal canal
193. To avoid damage to structures entering porta
d. Levator ani with anal fascia forms the lateral
hepatis and blood vessels supplying the
wall
stomach the omental bursa can be approached
by incising 198. Injury to male urethra in the bulb of penis
a. Falciform ligament causes urine to accumulate in all except
b. Hepatoduodenal portion of lesser omentum a. Superficial perineal pouch
c. Transverse mesocolon b. Space of Retzius
d. Superior layer of coronary ligament c. Anterior abdominal wall
d. Thigh

31
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 199. Episiotomy posteriorly beyond the perineal
body injuring the structure immediately
posterior to it. Which structure is injured?
a. External anal sphincter
b. Ischiocavernosus
c. Bulbospongiosus
d. Urethral sphincter

200. During incision and drainage of the abscess

from the marked space, which structure is most
vulnerable to injury?

a. Superior rectal artery

b. Inferior rectal nerve
c. Middle rectal artery
d. Superior rectal nerve

32
32
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33
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37
38
38
39
39
40
41
42
43
 Post- certebrtaE arctercy

- > Sup- ceneb ‘A’

i— - x — > Basilarc artferty

3nfartiort —> verctefona? arcteny

Labyrinthine postertion 3nf certebellorc anteny

artrercy *
y MCA (AlCA PercForcates into Anterciort Peitfonai ing substance

44
44
intertpeduncuiarc Fossaj 1 1 : 40

Optic chiasma

infundibulum Certebrcal “Peduncle

Tuberc
cineneunn

Mammi Harty
Body
Post Percforcating
Substance 0

DORSAL ASPECT OF 16 -01

F
___ i S U P E R IO R . COLLICULUS
BRAIN STEM
5C SC 1 y / — * IN F E R IO R . COLLICULUS

V
££ NV- t ----------------- IC IC
4 M E D IA N E M IN E N C E

M E D IA N SULCUS <------------- ~

4 FA C IA L COLLICULUS

o
H
4
4 S TR IA MEDULLAR IS
VESTIBULAR A <------------------
---------1 A ll A
CUNEATE TUBERCLE <---------- -------- * 3 1 A
f
QRACILE TUBERCLE f ----------

45
45
TRANSVERSE SECTION

7 FORCEPS MINOR.

4 HEAD OF CAUDATE NUCLEUS

7 BODY OF CAUDATE NUCLEUS
4 THALAM O STRIATE

-4 THALAMUS
4 CHOROID PLEXUS

FORCEPS MINOR

LENTIFORM. HEAD OF CAUDATE N u ’

NUCLEUS4
IN T E R N A L CAPSULE
CLAUSTRUM.^
THALAMUS
IN S U L A

FORCEPS M A JO R
T A P E TU M <
OPTIC s BU LB OF POST HORN
RADIATION POST- HORN OF LATERAL
VENTRICLE

46
46
 > CINGULATE GYRUS

— - ) H EA D OF CAUDATE NUCLEUS

PUTAMEN
■*GLOBUS P A L U D U S CPARS
LATERALIS)
\ ____1 - > GLOBUS PALLID US CPARS
MEDIALIS)
COLUMN OF FORNIX

SECTION

ANTERIOR. COMMISSURE

ICORONAL SECTION |
V CORPUS CALLOSUM

> BODY OF CAUDATE NUCLEUS

BODY OF 4 T H A L N O S T R IA T E V E IN
FORNIX'
-> THALAMUS
4 CHOROID PLEXUS

IN SU LA 1 4 HIPPOCAMPUS

IN T E R N A L
CARSULE ? SUBSTANTIA NIOtRA

OLIVE r

PYRAMID r

47
47
 LU

F O R N IX POST NALL OF
Z III VENTRICLE
LU
>
ANT COLUMN OF FORNIX.

U.
o
i
3
a
o
S A G G IT T A L SECTION

ci GLAND
ANT - COMMISSURE 6
Z LAMINA TERMINALS - COMMISSURI

48

48
“ OPTIC CHI ASMA <—
3

2 IN F U N D IB U L U M * —
h-
z
iu MAMMILLARY BODY*—
>
POST- PERFORATING <- LATERAL H A L L OF III
SUBSTANCE VEN TR IC LE

• Thalamus
TEOiMENTUM * -
• Hypothalamus

• Hypothalamic Sulcus
 Sprtlng ligament

-4 TP
— > Medial Talocalcaneal Ligament

Deltoid Lig

C£l £l ‘Ute'lu> U

Femonai Sheath

Saphaneous NV

49
49
50
50
51
51
'| Ham string compartt / Post compartment

7 <3F
Ischial 4 ■7 SC NV

lubertosHy

7 B F CLonq Head]
—* BF ( Shoixl- Head)
[Si] *
[SMI<-

52
52
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53
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54
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55
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56
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