Pragramme Name : Computer Engineering Academic Year : 2023-2024

Program Code: CO5I

Course Name : Advance Computer Network(22520) Semester : V

Course Code : 22520

A STUDY ON

STUDY OF DIFFERENT NETWORK SIMULATORS

MICRO PROJECT
REPORT
Submitted in by the group of 4 students
Sr. Enrollment
Roll Full name of Student
No No No
1 38 PRANAV SATISH MALI 2200590119
2 46 FAIEJ KHA BASIT KHA PATHAN 2200590135
3 115 ALOK ANANTAVHARE 2200590074
4 122 JITESH BHATU PARDHI 2200590130

Under the Guidance of

Miss. Ratna Patil
Mam
in
Three Years Diploma Programme in Engineering & Technology of
Maharashtra StateBoard of Technical Education, Mumbai (Autonomous)
ISO 9001: 2008 (ISO/IEC-27001:2013)
at
0059 - Shri Shivaji Vidya Prasarak Sanstha’s
Bapusaheb Shivajirao Deore Polytechnic,Vidyanagari, Deopur, Dhule-424005.
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION, MUMBAI

Certificate
This is to certify that ,
Sr. Enrollment
Roll Full name of Student
No No No
1 38 PRANAV SATISH MALI 2200590119
2 46 FAIEJ KHA BASIT KHA PATHAN 2200590135
3 115 ALOK ANANTAVHARE 2200590074
4 122 JITESH BHATU PARDHI 2200590130

students of Fifth Semester, Diploma Programme in Engineering &

Technology at 0059 - Shri Shivaji Vidya Prasarak Sanstha’s Bapusaheb

Shivajirao Deore Polytechnic- Dhule, has completed the Micro Project

satisfactorily in Subject Advance Computer Network (22520) in the academic

year 2024-2025 as prescribed in the MSBTE curriculum of I Scheme.

Place: Dhule
Date : / /

Project Guide Head of the Department Principal

Institute
 PART-A
Micro Project Proposal
Title of Micro-Project :
STUDY OF DIFFERENT NETWORK SIMULATORS.

1.0 Brief Introduction :

Network simulators are essential tools for studying and analyzing the behavior of networks before
implementing them in real-world scenarios. These simulators enable researchers and engineers to design,
configure, and test network protocols, algorithms, and architectures in a virtual environment, saving both time
and costs associated with physical network setup. Popular network simulators include NS-2 and NS-3, which
are open-source and offer high flexibility for research, particularly in wireless and mobile networks; OMNeT+
+, known for its modular design and wide usage in academic studies; and GNS3 and Cisco Packet Tracer, which
are favored for practical networking exercises due to their ability to emulate actual hardware behavior. Each
simulator varies in its strengths, making the selection process dependent on specific use cases, such as
scalability, ease of use, realism, and customization needs. Through network simulators, complex scenarios,
including traffic flow, protocol interactions, and performance under varying conditions, can be modeled and
analyzed efficiently.

2.0 Aim of the Micro-Project :

The aim of this project, "Study of Different Network Simulators," is to evaluate and compare various network
simulation tools to determine their effectiveness, strengths, and limitations in different networking scenarios.
By analyzing the functionality, accuracy, usability, and performance of simulators like NS-2, NS-3, OMNeT+
+, GNS3, and Cisco Packet Tracer, this project seeks to provide insights into which simulator is best suited for
specific applications, such as academic research, network design, protocol testing, and practical training. The
findings aim to guide researchers, network engineers, and educators in selecting the most appropriate simulation
tools for their needs, thus optimizing network planning, testing, and deployment processes.

3.0 Intended Course Outcomes :

a) Implement Network Layer Protocol.

b) Configure Various Application layer Protocols.
c) Implement Various Application Layer Protocols.

3.0 Literature Review :

The literature on network simulators highlights the strengths and limitations of tools like NS-2, NS-3, OMNeT++,
GNS3, and Cisco Packet Tracer. NS-2 and NS-3 are widely used for academic research, with NS-3 offering
improved scalability and protocol support over its predecessor. OMNeT++ is valued for its modularity and
extensibility, making it popular in wireless network simulations and customizable studies. GNS3 and Cisco Packet
Tracer are practical for training and testing network configurations due to their ability to emulate real hardware,
though they are less suited for large-scale simulations. Each simulator serves specific needs, with research
comparing their performance, usability, and suitability for different applications in network design and protocol
testing.

.
 5.0 Proposed Methodology:

The proposed methodology involves selecting popular network simulators (e.g., NS-2, NS-3, OMNeT++, GNS3,
Cisco Packet Tracer) and designing test scenarios to evaluate their performance in various network setups, such as
wired and wireless configurations. Each simulator will be tested for key metrics like latency, throughput, and
scalability across repeated trials to ensure reliable results. The findings will be analyzed and compared to identify
each tool's strengths, limitations, and ideal applications. The final report will offer insights and recommendations
on the most suitable simulators for specific networking scenarios, aiding researchers and network professionals in
their tool selection.

6.0 Resources Required:

Sr. no Name of resources Specification Quantity Remark

1 Computer system Processor: 11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i3- 1 -

1115G4 @ 3.00GHz

RAM: 8 GB
2 Operating System OS: Windows 11 (64bit) 1 -

3 Software 1 -

7.0 Action Plan :

Sr. Detail of Activity Planned Planned Name of responsible team

No. Start date Finish Date members
1. Discussion and finalization of
topic.
2. Preparation and submission of
abstract.
3. Collection of Data.

6. Report Writing
 PART B
Micro–Project Report
Title of Micro-Project:
STUDY OF DIFFERENT NETWORK
SIMULATORS.

1.0 Rationale :
The rationale for this study stems from the need to understand and choose appropriate network simulators
for varied research and educational purposes. As network complexity increases with advances in protocols,
devices, and configurations, selecting the right simulator becomes crucial for obtaining reliable and accurate
results without excessive resource expenditure. Each simulator offers unique features tailored to different
network types, such as wired, wireless, or large-scale topologies, but they also come with limitations in
terms of scalability, ease of use, or hardware emulation. This study aims to clarify the strengths and
weaknesses of each simulator, providing valuable insights for researchers, network engineers, and educators
to make informed decisions that best suit their specific simulation needs and constraints.
2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed :

a) Implement Network Layer Protocol.

b) Configure Various Application layer Protocols.
c) Implement Various Application Layer Protocols.

3.0 Literature Review :

The literature on network simulators highlights the strengths and limitations of tools like NS-2, NS-3,
OMNeT++, GNS3, and Cisco Packet Tracer. NS-2 and NS-3 are widely used for academic research, with
NS-3 offering improved scalability and protocol support over its predecessor. OMNeT++ is valued for its
modularity and extensibility, making it popular in wireless network simulations and customizable studies.
GNS3 and Cisco Packet Tracer are practical for training and testing network configurations due to their
ability to emulate real hardware, though they are less suited for large-scale simulations. Each simulator
serves specific needs, with research comparing their performance, usability, and suitability for different
applications in network design and protocol testing.

4.0 Actual Methodology Used :

The methodology used in this study began with the selection of five popular network simulators—NS-2,
NS-3, OMNeT++, GNS3, and Cisco Packet Tracer—chosen for their relevance in research and practical
network simulations. Test scenarios were then designed to represent different network types, including
wired, wireless, and complex topologies, to measure each simulator's performance on key metrics like
latency, throughput, and scalability. After configuring each simulator with uniform network parameters,
multiple trials were conducted to ensure consistent results, capturing data on simulation time, accuracy, and
resource use. The collected data were analyzed and presented in comparative graphs and tables to highlight
the strengths and limitations of each tool. The final report offers insights into each simulator’s suitability for
various applications, guiding future users in choosing the most appropriate simulation tool for their specific
needs.
 STUDY OF DIFFERENT NETWORK
SIMULATORS.

The "Study of Different Network Simulators" aims to explore and compare network simulation tools commonly
used in research, education, and network design. Network simulators such as NS-2, NS-3, OMNeT++, GNS3, and
Cisco Packet Tracer are essential for modeling, testing, and analyzing network protocols, topologies, and
configurations before real-world implementation. This study involves evaluating each simulator's performance,
ease of use, and specific applications in various networking scenarios like wired, wireless, and large-scale
networks.Through scenario testing and analysis, the project seeks to identify each simulator's strengths, limitations,
and optimal use cases, providing researchers and network engineers with insights to select the most suitable
simulation tool for their requirements. The findings aim to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of network
design and testing processes across different domains.

 NS-2 (Network Simulator 2)

Network Simulator 2 (NS-2) is a discrete-event network simulator widely used in the field of computer networking
research and education. Developed at the University of California, Berkeley, NS-2 has become one of the most
popular tools for simulating network protocols and evaluating network performance.

Key Features:

1. Protocol Support:
o NS-2 supports a diverse range of network protocols, including TCP, UDP, and various routing
protocols (e.g., AODV, DSDV). This makes it suitable for both wired and wireless network
simulations.

2. Scripting Language:
o The simulator uses Tcl(Tool Command Language) for defining simulation scenarios.Users can
create scripts to model complex network topologies, protocols, and traffic patterns.

3. Extensive Libraries:
o NS-2 provides a rich set of libraries and models that enable users to simulate various network
behaviors, including congestion control, mobility models, and quality of service (QoS) mechanisms.

4. Animation and Visualization:

o NS-2 can generate trace files that can be visualized using tools like Nam (Network Animator),
allowing users to see packet movement and network dynamics in a graphical format.

5. Customizability:
o Users can extend the simulator by writing new protocols or modifying existing ones, which allows
for flexibility in research and experimentation.

Applications:

 Research and Development: NS-2 is extensively used in academic research for analyzing new protocols,
traffic patterns, and network performance under different scenarios.
 Network Performance Evaluation: Researchers can simulate various network conditions (e.g., varying
bandwidth, delay, and loss rates) to evaluate the performance of different protocols and configurations.
  Educational Use: NS-2 is a valuable tool for teaching networking concepts and hands-on simulation
experience in academic settings.

Strengths:

 Robust Simulation Capabilities: NS-2 is effective for simulating a wide variety of network scenarios and
conditions, making it a reliable tool for researchers.
 Extensive Documentation: There is comprehensive documentation available, along with numerous
research papers and tutorials, aiding users in learning and utilizing the simulator.
 Large User Community: A significant user community provides support, resources, and shared
experiences, facilitating problem-solving and knowledge exchange.

Limitations:

 Outdated Architecture: NS-2 has a legacy design that can lead to scalability issues and limitations in
simulating modern networking protocols and topologies.
 Steep Learning Curve: The use of Tcl for scripting may be challenging for users who are unfamiliar with
the language, potentially hindering ease of use.
 Performance Constraints: Due to its design, NS-2 may not perform as well with large-scale simulations
compared to newer simulators like NS-3.
  NS-3(Network Simulator 3)

Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) is a discrete-event network simulator designed to provide a more modern and robust
simulation environment than its predecessor, NS-2. Developed as an open-source project, NS-3 aims to support
research, education, and protocol development by enabling users to simulate complex network scenarios with high
fidelity.

Key Features:

1. Modern Architecture:
o NS-3 features a modular architecture that allows for greater flexibility and scalability in simulating
large and complex networks. It is built using C++ and provides Python bindings for scripting.

2. Extensive Protocol Support:

o NS-3 supports a wide range of protocols and technologies, including IPv4, IPv6, TCP, UDP, and
various routing protocols, as well as advanced features like wireless communication and multimedia
transmission.

3. Realistic Simulations:
o NS-3 is designed to accurately model real-world network scenarios. It incorporates models for
channel propagation, mobility, and realistic traffic patterns, making it suitable for simulations that
require high fidelity.

4. Support for Emulation:

o NS-3 supports emulation, allowing users to connect simulated networks with real-world networks.
This capability is valuable for testing protocols and applications in hybrid environments.

5. User-Friendly Interface:
o While it retains the complexity of a research tool, NS-3 provides a user-friendly interface and
improved documentation compared to NS-2. The community also offers tutorials and examples to
assist new users.

Applications:

 Research and Development: NS-3 is widely used in academic and industrial research for evaluating new
network protocols, architectures, and algorithms.
 Educational Tool: It serves as an effective educational resource for teaching networking concepts and
providing hands-on simulation experiences in university courses.
 Protocol Testing: Researchers can test and validate the performance of various protocols in different
network conditions before deployment.

Strengths:

 Modular and Extensible: The modular architecture allows researchers to easily modify existing models or
create new ones, facilitating innovation in protocol design and network simulation.
  High Fidelity: NS-3 offers realistic simulations that can closely mimic real-world networking conditions,
making it suitable for serious research and development work.
 Active Community and Development: An active user community contributes to continuous development,
updates, and improvements, ensuring that the simulator remains relevant to current networking trends.

Limitations:

 Steeper Learning Curve: Although improved, the transition from NS-2 to NS-3 can present challenges for
users who are accustomed to Tcl scripting, as NS-3 primarily uses C++ and Python.
 Resource Intensive: Simulations with NS-3, especially for large networks, may require significant
computational resources and careful configuration to optimize performance.

 OMNeT++

OMNeT++ is a modular, discrete-event simulation framework primarily used for simulating communication
networks, including wired and wireless systems. It is an open-source platform designed for modeling complex
network architectures and is widely utilized in both academic research and industrial applications.

Key Features:

1. Modular Architecture:
o OMNeT++ is built on a modular design that allows users to create reusable components. This
modularity facilitates the development of complex network simulations by combining different
modules (e.g., protocols, applications) to form complete systems.

2. Graphical User Interface:

o The framework provides a user-friendly graphical interface for designing, configuring, and
visualizing simulations. The interactive environment simplifies the modeling process, making it
accessible to users with varying levels of experience.

3. Extensive Libraries:
o OMNeT++ includes a variety of pre-built libraries (e.g., INET framework for Internet protocols,
MiXiM for wireless and mobile networks) that offer a wide range of models and protocols, enabling
quick setup for common simulation scenarios.

4. Support for Realistic Scenarios:

o The simulator can model realistic network behaviors, including packet generation, routing, and
mobility, making it suitable for both theoretical research and practical applications.

5. Flexible Simulation Environment:

o OMNeT++ supports multiple simulation scenarios, including simple, discrete-event simulations as
well as more complex, parallel simulations that can leverage multi-core processing.

Applications:

 Research and Development: OMNeT++ is extensively used for researching new protocols, algorithms,and
network architectures. It is suitable for both experimental and theoretical studies.
  Educational Use: The framework serves as an educational tool for teaching networking concepts, enabling
students to visualize and interact with simulated networks.
 Protocol Validation: Researchers can validate and test networking protocols and applications before
deployment in real-world environments.

Strengths:

 Customizability: The modular architecture allows users to develop and integrate new protocols or
components easily, promoting innovation in simulation modeling.
 Visualization Tools: The graphical interface and integrated tools help users analyze and visualize
simulation results effectively, enhancing understanding and communication of findings.
 Active Community and Development: OMNeT++ benefits from an active user community and ongoing
development, ensuring that the simulator evolves with technological advancements and user needs.

Limitations:

 Complex Setup: While the graphical interface is user-friendly, setting up complex simulations can be time-
consuming and may require a deeper understanding of network modeling concepts.
 Learning Curve: New users may face a learning curve in mastering the various features and capabilities of
the framework, especially if they are unfamiliar with simulation modeling.

 GNS3 (Graphical Network Simulator 3)

GNS3 is an open-source network simulation tool designed primarily for network professionals and students. It
allows users to create complex network topologies using real networking hardware and software, including Cisco
IOS images, enabling realistic emulation of network configurations.

Key Features:

1. Graphical Interface:
o GNS3 provides a user-friendly graphical interface that allows users to drag and drop devices, create
network topologies visually, and connect various network elements easily.

2. Integration with Real Devices:

o One of GNS3's standout features is its ability to integrate with real networking hardware. Users can
connect virtual devices to physical routers and switches, facilitating hybrid network setups.

3. Support for Various Devices:

o GNS3 supports a wide range of networking devices, including routers, switches, firewalls, and
servers from various vendors, making it versatile for different network simulations.

4. Emulation of Cisco IOS:

o Users can run actual Cisco IOS images within GNS3, providing a realistic environment for learning
and testing Cisco configurations and commands. This feature is particularly beneficial for Cisco
certification preparation.

5. Extensive Community and Resources:

 o GNS3 has a strong user community that shares resources, tutorials, and support, helping users
troubleshoot issues and enhance their skills.

Applications:

 Network Design and Testing: GNS3 is widely used for designing and testing network configurations
before deployment, helping to identify potential issues in a controlled environment.
 Educational Tool: The simulator is popular in academic settings for teaching networking concepts and
providing hands-on experience with real-world networking scenarios.
 Certification Preparation: Many individuals use GNS3 to practice for Cisco certifications (e.g., CCNA,
CCNP) by simulating complex networks and configurations.

Strengths:

 Realism: GNS3 allows for the emulation of actual networking hardware and software, offering a level of
realism that is beneficial for both learning and testing.
 Flexibility: Users can create complex topologies that incorporate a variety of devices and technologies,
making it suitable for diverse networking scenarios.

 Active Community: The extensive user community provides a wealth of resources, tutorials, and forums
for troubleshooting and support.

Limitations:

 Resource Intensive: Running multiple virtual devices can require significant computational resources
(CPU and RAM), which may limit the scalability of simulations on less powerful machines.
 Dependency on IOS Images: Users need access to valid Cisco IOS images, which may not be readily
available or free, potentially restricting its use for some individuals.

 Cisco Packet Tracer

Cisco Packet Tracer is a network simulation and visualization tool developed by Cisco Systems, primarily aimed at
helping students and network professionals learn and practice networking concepts and skills. It is widely used in
Cisco Networking Academy courses and provides an interactive platform for building and configuring network
topologies without needing physical equipment.

Key Features:

1. User-Friendly Interface:
o Packet Tracer features a drag-and-drop interface that allows users to easily create network topologies
by placing devices (routers, switches, PCs, etc.) onto a workspace and connecting them with virtual
cables.

2. Wide Range of Cisco Devices:

o The simulator supports various Cisco devices and technologies, including routers, switches,
firewalls, and wireless access points, enabling users to simulate a wide array of networking
scenarios.
 3. Realistic Simulations:
o Users can configure devices using actual Cisco IOS commands, providing a realistic environment
for learning how to set up and manage networks. It also simulates network protocols, including
routing, switching, and security features.

4. Built-In Activities and Tutorials:

o Cisco Packet Tracer includes various built-in activities and learning modules that guide users
through networking concepts, making it an effective educational tool for self-paced learning.

5. Multi-User Functionality:
o The software supports collaborative learning through a multi-user mode, allowing multiple users to
work on the same project simultaneously over a network.

Applications:

 Educational Use: Packet Tracer is primarily used in educational settings to teach networking fundamentals
and practical skills. It is integral to the Cisco Networking Academy program.
 Hands-On Practice: The tool allows users to practice and reinforce networking skills, making it ideal for
students preparing for Cisco certifications (e.g., CCNA, CCNP).
 Network Design and Testing: Network professionals can use Packet Tracer to design and test network
configurations before deploying them in real-world environments.

Strengths:

 Accessibility: Packet Tracer is free for Cisco Networking Academy students and provides an accessible
way for individuals to learn and practice networking skills.
 Ease of Use: Its intuitive interface allows users to create complex network topologies without needing
extensive technical expertise.
 Comprehensive Learning Resource: The inclusion of activities, tutorials, and simulation capabilities
makes it a valuable resource for learners.

Limitations:

 Limited to Cisco Devices: While excellent for Cisco networking concepts, Packet Tracer is primarily
focused on Cisco devices, which may limit its applicability for broader networking studies.
 Less Advanced Features: Compared to more sophisticated simulators like GNS3 or OMNeT++, Packet
Tracer may lack certain advanced simulation features and realism, especially for large-scale network
simulations.

5 .Actual Resources Used:

Sr. no Name of resources Specification Quantity Remark

 1 Computer system Processor: 11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i3- 1 -
1115G4 @ 3.00GHz

RAM: 8 GB
2 Operating System OS: Windows 11 (64bit) 1 -

3 Software 1 -

6.Skills Developed :
 Communication Skills
 Critical Thinking
 Attention to Detail

6. Application of this Micro-Project :

1. Educational Purposes.
1. Research and Development.
2. Network Design and Testing.
3. Hybrid Networking Environments.

8.Area of Future Improvement :

1. Enhanced Realism in Simulations.
2. Improved Scalability.
3. Support for New and Emerging Protocols.
4. Interoperability and Integration with Real-World Networks.

9.References

 Data Communication And Networking 5E -:- Forouzan Behrouza.

 Advanced Computer Network :- B.M.Harwni and DT Editorial Services.
 Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project

Academic Year : 2024-2025 Name of Faculty: Prof. Ratna Patil mam

Sem : Fifth Program Name and Code: CO (5I)

Course Code: 22520 Course Name: Advance Computer Network

Title of the Project: STUDY OF DIFFERENT NETWORK SIMULATORS.

 COs addressed by the Micro Project:

a) Implement Network Layer Protocol.
b) Configure Various Application layer Protocols.
c) Implement Various Application Layer Protocols.

 Major Learning Outcomes achieved by students by doing the Project:

(a) Practical Outcomes
a) Learn the Basic Concepts of Operating System Components
(b) Unit Outcomes (in Cognitive domain)
a) Explain the functioning of given component of OS
b) Explain characteristics of the given type of operating system
(c) Outcomes in Affective Domain

 Comment/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal Communication (If Any):

 Any Other Comment:

 Marks:
Name of Student:

(A) Marks for Group work: (B) Marks for Individual work: (C) Total Marks (A+B) =

(Prof. Ratna Patil Mam) Signature with Name and

Designation of the Faculty Member